CN102440131A

CN102440131A - Wild-simulated growing method for tissue culture plantlets of dendrobium officinale

Info

Publication number: CN102440131A
Application number: CN2011102914988A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 彭贵湖
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-09-30
Filing date: 2011-09-30
Publication date: 2012-05-09

Abstract

The invention aims to carry out wild-simulated growing and management of tissue culture plantlets of dendrobium officinale in geo-authentic habitats of dendrobium officinale by using the traditional Chinese medicine cultivation technique and a wild-simulated growing method for tissue culture plantlets of dendrobium officinale, fully simulating growth environmental conditions for dendrobium officinale and using effective water-fertilizer management and lighting control. The method has the advantages that firstly, growing cost is lowered, and facility cost compared with that of traditional greenhouses is reduced by about 50%; secondly, temperature, humidity and lighting are superior to wild environmental conditions for dendrobium officinale, damage by diseases and insect pests is evidently reduced, and the survival rate of plantlets is above 98%; thirdly, no pesticide is applied basically, green environment-friendly products similar to wild dendrobium officinale are produced, and the quality of the products is evidently improved as compared with that of products produced by the traditional method; fourthly, the harvesting time of the plantlets is prolonged, the harvesting time of dendrobium officinale can only be maintained to 4-5 years before re-planting due to rotting and caking of matrixes during the traditional greenhouse growing method, and the harvesting time of fresh dendrobium officinale can be above 8-10 years by using the wild-simulated growing method; and fifthly, the wild-simulated growing method low in cost can be used by farmers to massively grow dendrobium officinale in the geo-authentic habitats, and great economic benefit and social benefit are achieved.

Description

The candidum tissue culturing seedling imitating wild planting process

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of candidum tissue culturing seedling imitating wild planting process, belong to traditional Chinese medicine culture technique field.

Background technology

Dendrobium candidum (D.officinali) is a famous and precious traditional Chinese medicine commonly used, and applicating history is long, in " Dragon Lord book on Chinese herbal medicine through ", classifies as top gradely, has effect nourishing Yin and clearing heat, that promote the production of body fluid beneficial stomach, moisten the lung and relieve the cough, wet one's whistle and make eye bright, promote longevity.Modern medicine study shows: dendrobium candidum contains the micro-polysaccharide, alkaloid, amino acid of multiple needed by human etc., the immunologic function of raising is arranged, suppress thrombosis, suppresses tumour and function in delaying senility.For many years, because long-term uncontrolled the excavating of people adds that the natural propagation rate is low; Its natural resources is day by day exhausted; Be in endangered edge, classified as one of natural crude drugs kind of focused protection by country's " resources of natural crude drugs protection management rules ", and encourage artificial commerial growing dendrobium candidum; Become the wild family's kind that is, to ensure the sustainability utilization and the development of dendrobium candidum resource.

The candidum tissue culturing Study on Technology originates in 20th century the seventies, and main contents have: the condition of culture research of dendrobium candidum protocorm propagation; The research of dendrobium candidum protocorm differentiation appropriate media; Dendrobium officinale test-tube plantlet is the research of breeding fast; Dendrobidium huoshanness seed test-tube plantlet is cultivated; The group training of ribbed hedyotis herb and a large amount of breedings of seedling etc.Particularly in recent years; Country puts into effect relevant preferential policy; Advocate Chinese medicine industrial scale, industrialized development energetically; The dendrobium candidum industry develops rapidly at Yunnan Province of China, zhejiang and other places, and esbablished corporations such as the bright food in Shanghai group, Zhejiang Kang Enbei group have also related to the dendrobium candidum industrial field, and big and small dendrobium candidum enterprise, plantation family are developed rapidly like rain the back spring bamboo.Through constantly groping and study, the candidum tissue culturing technology is comparatively ripe, develops also comparatively fast, has progressively solved seedlings of Dendrobium officinale problem in short supply; But the artificial establishing in large scale of dendrobium candidum still is in the starting stage in China; Planting technology and method are mainly taked to carry out intensive cultivating and management with bark, saw foam, wood shavings as cultivation matrix at booth; Though obtained certain effect, its quality and output can not effectively ensure.There are bigger otherness in the plantation that booth provides, growth conditions and dendrobium candidum grows wild environment; It is more to cause greenhouse gardening dendrobium candidum damage by disease and insect to take place, and has influenced the survival rate of seedling, particularly in high temperature, high humidity season; Large tracts of land takes place especially; The spraying pesticide of having to is controlled damage by disease and insect, and still unavoidable seedling is insect pest harm mortality phenomenon due to illness, and too much spraying pesticide has also brought certain influence to the quality of dendrobium candidum.In addition; The dendrobium candidum of greenhouse gardening is owing to cultivation matrix progressively hardens, rots; Matrix is permeable, the gas permeability variation, causes plant to rot root, degeneration seriously, plants a dendrobium candidum seedling at most behind 4-5; Will turn over again and plant, increase planting cost and the bright bar output that has reduced dendrobium candidum greatly.

The objective of the invention is to genuine producing region,, utilize the candidum tissue culturing seedling imitating wild planting process like suitable zones such as Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan at dendrobium candidum; Fully touch imitative dendrobium candidum grows wild environmental condition, in conjunction with effective water and fertilizer management and illumination control, in the genuine producing region of dendrobium candidum; Candidum tissue culturing seedling is carried out imitating wild planting and management, obtained good effect: (1) planting cost reduces, and compares with tradition plantation booth; The facility cost has reduced about 50% (2) temp. and humidity, illumination condition more is superior to dendrobium candidum wild environment condition; Damage by disease and insect obviously reduces, and survival rate of plant reaches more than 98% (3) no pesticide grown basically, produces the Green Product close with wild dendrobium candidum; The quality and the conventional method of product be significantly improved (4) improved picking time of plant; Tradition greenhouse gardening method is owing to the matrix reason of rotting, harden, and can only keep 4-5 the picking time of dendrobium candidum, will turn over again and plant; The imitating wild planting process that the present invention adopted; Can reach above (5) the kind method for planting that the present invention adopted of 8-10 the picking time of the bright article of dendrobium candidum because cost is low, can start peasant household to plant in a large number, have bigger economic benefit and social benefit in the genuine producing region of the stem of noble dendrobium.

Summary of the invention

In order to realize this purpose; The inventor is to the control and the management of the control of the minimum facility in place, moisture, illumination, temperature, humidity, fertilising, refining seedling stage diseases and pests; All carried out repeatedly studying and testing, obtained the imitating wild planting technical method of original creation, obtained good result; Solve the candidum tissue culturing seedling large tracts of land and transplanted key issues such as cost is high, damage by disease and insect is many, picking time is short, accomplished the invention research of candidum tissue culturing seedling imitating wild planting process.

The candidum tissue culturing seedling imitating wild planting process comprises the steps:

1, the design of imitating wild planting facility and construction;

2, plant seedling-growing method;

3, the selection of fertilizer, processing and application process;

4, the control of moisture and management;

5, the control of illumination and management;

6, the reasonable collecting method of the bright article of dendrobium candidum.

Adopt candidum tissue culturing seedling provided by the present invention to imitate wild method; Survival rate reaches more than 99%; The bright article of per mu yield dendrobium candidum are more than 300 kilograms, and bright article reach more than 8 years picking time, and the mu gross yield of disposable plantation reaches more than 2400 kilograms; Be more than 1.6 times of 1500 kilograms of traditional per mu yield gross yields, and the more environmental protection of dendrobium candidum aquatic foods article of producing, not have farming residual.

Embodiment:

Embodiment 1: the design of imitating wild planting facility and construction

1, in the genuine producing region of the stem of noble dendrobium, as the plantation place, requiring has water, electric condition like Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan etc. suitable regional 1, winter minimum temperature more than 2 ℃, annual relative moisture is more than 60%.The place will be cleared up weeds in advance, and spreads one deck quicklime.

2, two layers of sunshade net are installed, 70% shading rate, fixed external sunshade net are installed on the top, the external sunshade net is apart from about 3.5 meters high on ground; External sunshade is off the net installs one deck illuminance 50% shading rate, movable internal sunshade net again, and the internal sunshade net is apart from about 3 meters high on ground, and folding and unfolding is carried out in the available manual work of internal sunshade net.

3, sunshade installation spray system off the net is used spraying nozzle.Spray system is controlled with time-controlled switch, can timing automaticly spray water.Spray system is apart from about 2.5 meters high on ground

4, support with cement brick, tiny wooden stick, short wooden stick with eliminate in timber mill or forest farm are barricaded as timber bent and are installed on the cement brick.Wooden stick is wanted the tape tree skin, more than the diameter 6cm, if with thick weedtree better effects if; Timber bent is wide 1.5 meters wide, and is high apart from ground 30-60cm.

Embodiment 2: plant seedling-growing method

1, plant the seedling time to be advisable the beginning of spring, take second place autumn.Spacing with 3 months tissue cultivating seedling of refining seedling domestication is pressed 12cm is fixed on the wooden stick with things such as sunshade net or battens, can not damage plant.

Embodiment 3: the selection of fertilizer, processing and application process

Cow dung is dried, be processed into graininess, the 2-5cm size.After seed planted for 2 weeks, sporadicly be put in the seam crossing between the plant root wooden stick on every side with doing the cow dung piece, per 3 months put once.Jede Woche sprays once with the foliage fertilizer of N, P, K balanced proportion.Gather and to stop in preceding 2 months with fertile.

Embodiment 4: the management of moisture

1, in the annual 2-10 month, sunny day is sprayed water smoke one time in 9 beginnings in the morning through spray system per half an hour, each spray time 3 minutes, and afternoon, 5 later should stopping to be sprayed water; Begin water spray cloudy day at 10 in the morning, water smoke of spray in per 1 hour, each spray time 3 minutes, at 4 in afternoon should stop water spray later; Rainy day does not spray water.

2, one January of November, sunny day is 9 thirty of the morning, and through water smoke of spray system spray in per 1 hour, spray time is 3 minutes at every turn, and afternoon, 4 later should stopping to be sprayed water; Begin water spray cloudy day in 10 thirty of the morning, water smoke of spray in per 1 hour, each spray time 3 minutes, at 3 in afternoon should stop water spray later; Rainy day does not spray water.

Embodiment 5: the control of illumination and management

According to the weather intensity of illumination, through the manual adjustment and the control of internal sunshade net, the obscurity of top, seedbed is advisable to be no more than 15000lux in sunny day, should not pack up at cloudy and rainy day internal sunshade net and opens.

Embodiment 6: rationally the gathering of the bright article of dendrobium candidum

1, candidum tissue culturing seedling plantation growth can be gathered after 1 year; The collecting time of the bright article of dendrobium candidum was advisable with the 1-2 month in every year.

2, gather owing to also do not get into high yield period for the first time, can adopt less or not adopt, so that influence sprouting and the growth of next year sprouting.Gather for the second time and get into high yield period, can normally gather, but to take to stay greatly little, adopt and stay new method always, let tender stem continued growth.

Claims

1. candidum tissue culturing seedling imitating wild planting process; It is characterized in that this method utilizes the traditional Chinese medicine culture technique, utilize the candidum tissue culturing seedling imitating wild planting process, fully touch imitative dendrobium candidum grows wild environmental condition; In conjunction with effective water and fertilizer management and illumination control; In the genuine producing region of dendrobium candidum, candidum tissue culturing seedling is carried out imitating wild planting and management, obtained good effect.Reduced the plantation input cost of dendrobium candidum, reduced the generation of dendrobium candidum damage by disease and insect, improved dendrobium candidum picking time, produced and do not have the residual Green Product of farming, comprised the following steps to accomplish:

1, the design of imitating wild planting facility and construction;

2, plant seedling-growing method;

3, the selection of fertilizer, processing and application process;

4, the control of moisture and management;

5, the control of illumination and management;