CN104186287B - A kind of cultural method of ecosystem plantation dendrobium candidum sapling - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of ecosystem plantation dendrobium candidum sapling Download PDFInfo
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- CN104186287B CN104186287B CN201410370154.XA CN201410370154A CN104186287B CN 104186287 B CN104186287 B CN 104186287B CN 201410370154 A CN201410370154 A CN 201410370154A CN 104186287 B CN104186287 B CN 104186287B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the cultural method of a kind of ecosystem plantation dendrobium candidum sapling.Method comprises the following steps: 1. the selection of trees and early stage process；2. the selecting and the preparation of bryophyte of dendrobium candidum seedling；3. dendrobium candidum seedling is bundled in tree section；4. the cultivation of dendrobium candidum sapling；5. transplant.Advantages of the present invention: the method that the present invention provides, make in forest, to carry out the dendrobium candidum sapling survival rate of ecosystem plantation to more than 90%, thus reduce the cost of dendrobium candidum ecosystem plantation and the time of shortening dendrobium candidum seedling field adaptation environment, reach nuisanceless, green product for dendrobium candidum medicinal material, promote fast-growth, yield to increase and sustainable development provides technical support.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agronomy, biology, pharmaceutical field.Relate to the cultivation side that a kind of medicinal plant ecosystem starts seedlings
Method, the cultural method of specifically a kind of ecosystem plantation dendrobium candidum sapling.
Background technology
Dendrobium candidum (Dendrobium officinaleKimura et Migo), also known as ribbed hedyotis herb, is the orchid family
(Orchidaceae) Dendrobium (Dendrobium) herbaceos perennial, famous and precious rare Chinese medicine.It is distributed mainly on China
Zhejiang, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Hunan and the area such as Southeast Asia and Australia.Li Shizhen (1518-1593 A.D.) is in Compendium of Material Medica
In think and which is that " herbal classic is top grade, sweet, light, micro-salty, cures mainly in wound, and except gas under numbness, never sufficient in benefit, intelligence development, except frightened, made light of one's life by commiting suicide and prolonged
Year ".Dendrobium candidum was listed in top grade rare Chinese medicine with glossy ganoderma, ginseng, Cordyceps sinensis etc. since thousand always, wherein dendrobium candidum
Polysaccharide and mannose are important active components, there is enhancing immunity with stimulate hemoposieis, the effect such as anti-oxidant.Iron sheet stone
Dry measure used in former times individually separately records at 2010 editions Pharmacopoeias of the People's Republic of China with its exclusive effect from the stem of noble dendrobium.Due to the 50-60 age
Fall trees in a large number, chopping at a tree takes the stem of noble dendrobium, the destruction of ecological environment in recent years, dendrobium candidum wild resource is by serious broken
Bad, yield falls sharply, and adds that self is harsh to growing environment requirement and grows slowly, and dendrobium candidum wild resource is on the verge of
Disappearance, is classified as rare Wild Medicinal by State Council in 1987 and is protected by.At present, dendrobium candidum is processed into dry product iron sheet maple
After bucket, it is expensive in area in the U.S., Japan, Korea S and Southeast Asia etc., per kilogram price at 3000 dollars to 5000 dollars,
Price that superfine pure Tiepi Fengdou is admirable in all its details is per kilogram about 100,000 yuan.The stem of noble dendrobium is also domestic nearly hundred kinds of medicines and guarantor simultaneously
The necessary raw material of strong product, there are family more than 100 in the pharmaceutical factory that the whole nation relates to using stem of noble dendrobium class and health products processing enterprise.Annual China uses
The stem of noble dendrobium is that the medicine of raw material, the health products output value exceed hundreds of hundred million yuan, and the quantity of the market demand is often average annual more than millions of kilograms,
And it is in rising trend year by year.
The huge interests that the stem of noble dendrobium brings cause all parts of the country in recent years to fall over each other plantation, particularly Yunnan, Zhejiang, Guizhou, Guangdong
Etc. ground have a certain scale artificial greenhouse cultivated area, general one mu of booth investment needs 13-20 ten thousand yuan, and cost of investment is high, it is suppressed that
The plantation of mountain area common people.The dendrobium candidum ecosystem plantation of relative greenhouse gardening, directly plants because of dendrobium candidum in forest,
Being not required to fertilising, building the equipment such as booth, sprinkling irrigation, cost of investment is low, typically 1.5-2 ten thousand yuan.On the other hand ecosystem plantation is imitative
Wild mode cultivation of dendrobium officinale, does not applies fertilizer, without agricultural chemicals, throughout the year by cloud, mist, rain, the moist growth of dew, the essence of absorption the Nature
China, close to wild state, the dendrobium candidum quality of production with as wild, the quality better of ratio cultivation in warmhouse booth, income
Height, fresh dendrobium candidum, booth tame price per kilogram is at 500～600 yuan, and the dendrobium candidum that ecosystem produces
Price per kilogram is then more than 2000 yuan.
Owing to conventional ecosystem plantation is directly to be implanted in dendrobium candidum bottle seedling or booth bed seed on the tree of broad-leaved, become
Motility rate is low, typically at 20-30%；Dendrobium candidum seed is planted in the tree simultaneously, and field adaptation time is long, and growth is extremely slow, past
Just there are a small amount of results toward taking 5-6, do not reach poverty alleviation and increase the purpose of economic well-being of workers and staff.How to allow the iron sheet that ecosystem is planted
The survival rate of stem of noble dendrobium seedling is more than 90% and shortens the growth period that can gather？There is no pertinent literature report at present.This patent is a kind of
Ecosystem plantation dendrobium candidum sapling cultural method, for further investigation, improve dendrobium candidum ecosystem kind plant seedlings survival rate,
Reduce production cost and Sustainable Development and Utilization ecosystem dendrobium candidum provides reference.
Content of the invention
The present invention provides the cultural method of a kind of ecosystem plantation dendrobium candidum sapling for making up the deficiencies in the prior art.Should
Method aims to provide the cultured dendrobium candidum sapling of one, then sapling is transplanted in the suitable forest of condition plantation, carries
The survival rate that high dendrobium candidum seedling tree is planted, allows sapling directly draw rain and dew growth in forest, shortens field adaptation time, thus
Improve survival rate and the quickening growth that dendrobium candidum ecosystem kind is planted seedlings, shorten the production cycle, plant dendrobium candidum for ecosystem
Seedling, root yield increase and sustainable development provides technical support.
The technical scheme is that
The cultural method of a kind of ecosystem plantation dendrobium candidum sapling comprises the following steps:
1. the selection of trees and early stage process
Described trees are with evergreen broad-leaved, and skin depth has longitudinal furrow, are difficult to Fagaceae and the Magnoliacea plant of bark after wood is dry
Based on, Lauraceae, Pinaceae and taxodiaceae plant take second place.Find described tree diameters to cut down in 10cm～23cm tree from the woods of field
Wood, trunk is sawn into tree section by length by 1.0m～2.0m, then moves in hardening booth standby by tree section.
2. the selecting and the preparation of bryophyte of dendrobium candidum seedling
The described dendrobium candidum seedling typically hardening glass of more than month in the hardening booth of candidum tissue culturing factory
Glass bottle hardening or plant about 1 year dendrobium candidum hardening on the big bed of hardening booth as the dendrobium candidum transplanted in tree section
Seedling；Described bryophyte gathers from mountain forest.
3. dendrobium candidum seedling is bundled in tree section
With fine rule or straw rope by step 2) tongue of the health handled well the dendrobium candidum seedling without pest and disease damage and wash clean sterilization
Moss plant is bundled in step 1 together) ready tree section on.
Described dendrobium candidum seedling bundlees: it is one clump that every three strain dendrobium candidum seedlings tie together, its root bryophyte bag
Wrap up in, to keep the moistening of root；Every tree section point both sides uniformly bundle dendrobium candidum Cong Miao, and 5～10 clumps, every limit, every 20cm mono-
Clump, every tree section ties 10～20 clumps.Before binding, wherein the dendrobium candidum hardening in vial first to wash away culture medium sterilization
After could use.
4) cultivation of dendrobium candidum sapling
By step 3) the dendrobium candidum sapling that bundled puts in hardening booth, is disposed across the framework of high 100cm～180cm
Upper (can divide upper and lower two-layer, tree section is not mutually blocked) cultivates, and periodically gives dendrobium candidum seedling and tree section water spray, keeps shoot root portion
With with the humid air, relative air humidity is maintained at more than 80%, and (stack retting is ripe irregularly to execute a small amount of Liquid Fertilizer to dendrobium candidum sapling
The liquid fertilizer of more than three months farm manures or the Liquid Fertilizer of biogas manure) or granular composite biological fertilizer (sheep excrement bio-fertilizer or rabbit excrement
Bio-fertilizer), it is also possible to 0.05～0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate carries out foliage top dressing.
Described incubation time: annual temperature in 3～April can proceed by dendrobium candidum sapling more than 20 degree and cultivate,
After entering October, Growth of Dendrobium candidum turns slow or stops growing, and should not carry out the cultivation of dendrobium candidum sapling, and incubation time leads to
Chang Weiliu month by 1 year.
5) transplant
Through booth cultured dendrobium candidum sapling, now dendrobium candidum shoot root portion is newly long has many new roots to be tightly attached to
On bark, seedling is healthy and strong, and every Cong Miao grows more than 2 sproutings, directly the entirely section of tree seedling can directly be moved into the suitable forest of environment
Middle plantation.
Advantages of the present invention:
1. the raw material of the present invention be easy to get and nontoxic, method of operating is easy, low cost.
2. dendrobium candidum sapling of the present invention is to cultivate in hardening booth, then is transplanted in forest plantation, and sapling survives
Rate is high, and the typically booth through half a year to 1 year is cultivated, and sapling survival rate is up to more than 90%.
3. the present invention has stronger practicality and promotional value, the application of the present invention, can make ecosystem plantation dendrobium candidum
The survival rate of seedling improves, and shortens field adaptation time, improves annual yield by area and income, is to solve the plantation of current ecosystem
A kind of effective ways of the survival rate of dendrobium candidum sapling.
Detailed description of the invention
Implement to be described further the cultural method of a kind of ecosystem plantation dendrobium candidum sapling below in conjunction with the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The cultural method step of ecosystem plantation dendrobium candidum sapling is as follows:
1. the selection of trees and early stage process
Wild, broad-leaved, skin depth is selected after having longitudinal furrow, wood dry, to be difficult to the Fagaceae oak of bark from the mountain forest of field
Platymiscium Qing Gangshu, tree diameters 20cm, it is sawn into a length of 1.2m length tree section 10 and saves, then tree section is moved in hardening booth standby
With.
2. the selecting and the preparation of bryophyte of dendrobium candidum seedling
Selecting seedling 300 strain of about 1 year dendrobium candidum stalwartness of plantation from the big bed of dendrobium candidum hardening booth, kind is
Local existing the primary kind of dendrobium candidum---" XiLin kind "；Bryophyte gathers from the forest of mountain.
3. dendrobium candidum seedling is bundled in tree section
It is bundled in step with the dendrobium candidum seedling that step 2 is handled well by hemp twine together with the bryophyte that wash clean is sterilized
In 1 ready Qinggang ebon section.
The binding of described dendrobium candidum seedling: it is one clump that every three young plants tie together, its root is wrapped up by bryophyte, to protect
Hold the moistening of root；Every tree section point both sides uniformly bundle dendrobium candidum seedling, and 5 clumps, every limit, every 20cm mono-clump, every tree section bundle
10 clumps.
4. the cultivation of dendrobium candidum sapling
The dendrobium candidum sapling bundling step 3 is put in hardening booth, is disposed across in the iron frame that height is 100cm
Cultivating, within every two days, giving dendrobium candidum seedling and trees water spray, keep shoot root portion and with the humid air, in air, relative humidity exists
More than 80%, temperature of shed controls between 20 DEG C-33 DEG C, within the 4th month, starts to execute a small amount of stack retting ripe three to dendrobium candidum sapling
The liquid fertilizer of the farm manure of more than individual month, every clump of 3ml；After cultivating six months, now dendrobium candidum sapling growth is vigorous, and every clump has two
Individual sprouting grows, and the root newly growing tightly is attached on bark, and the dendrobium candidum shoot survival percent on every section of Qinggang wood reaches more than 90%
(table 1).
Dendrobium candidum shoot survival percent is planted on the juggle of Qinggang in table 1 booth
5. transplant
Through the cultured dendrobium candidum sapling of 6 months booths, the root newly growing tightly is attached on bark, and seedling is healthy and strong, often
Strain grows more than 2 sproutings, directly can directly move into the entirely section of tree seedling in the suitable forest of environment and plant.
Claims (1)
1. the cultural method of an ecosystem plantation dendrobium candidum sapling, it is characterised in that method comprises the following steps:
1) selection of trees and early stage process
Described trees are evergreen broad-leaved, skin depth are difficult to bark Fagaceae and Magnoliacea plants after having longitudinal furrow, wood dry, from open country
Finding described tree diameters in the outer woods to lumber in the tree of 10cm～23cm, trunk length is sawn into tree by 1.0m～2.0m
Then tree section is moved in hardening booth standby by section；
2) the selecting and the preparation of bryophyte of dendrobium candidum seedling
Described dendrobium candidum seedling refers in the hardening booth of candidum tissue culturing factory the hardening vial seedling of more than month
Or on the big bed of hardening booth, plant the dendrobium candidum seedling of a year；Described bryophyte gathers from mountain forest；
3) dendrobium candidum seedling is bundled in tree section
With fine rule or straw rope by step 2) health handled well plants with the liver moss that wash clean is sterilized without the dendrobium candidum seedling of pest and disease damage
Thing is bundled in step 1 together) ready tree section on；
Described dendrobium candidum seedling bundlees: referring to that every three strain dendrobium candidum seedlings tie together is one clump, and its root is wrapped up by bryophyte,
To keep the moistening of root；Every tree section point both sides uniformly bundle dendrobium candidum Cong Miao, 5～10 clumps, every limit, every 20cm mono-clump,
Every tree section ties 10～20 clumps；Before binding, wherein the dendrobium candidum seedling in vial first to wash away ability after culture medium sterilization
Can use；
4) cultivation of dendrobium candidum sapling
By step 3) the dendrobium candidum sapling that bundled puts in hardening booth, is disposed across on the framework of high 100cm～180cm,
Dividing upper and lower two-layer, tree section is not mutually blocked and is cultivated, and periodically gives dendrobium candidum sapling and sets section water spray, keeping shoot root portion and sky
Air humidity moistens, and in air, relative humidity is maintained at more than 80%；Executing a small amount of Liquid Fertilizer irregularly to dendrobium candidum sapling, Liquid Fertilizer is
The liquid fertilizer of the stack retting farm manure of ripe more than three months；
Incubation time: 3 annual～April, temperature 20 DEG C with top proceed by dendrobium candidum sapling cultivate, enter October with
After, Growth of Dendrobium candidum turns slow or stops growing, and should not carry out the cultivation of dendrobium candidum sapling, incubation time be six months to one
Year；
5) transplant
Through booth cultured dendrobium candidum sapling, now dendrobium candidum shoot root portion grows many new roots and is tightly attached to bark
On, seedling is healthy and strong, and every Cong Miao grows more than 2 sproutings, directly directly moves into the entirely section of tree seedling in the suitable forest of environment and plants.
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| CN104542213A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2015-04-29 | 安徽中升生物科技有限公司 | Dendrobium huoshanense tree cultivation method |
| CN104641934A (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2015-05-27 | 无锡双喜金阳生物科技有限公司 | Method for culturing dendrobium candidum on rotted wood |
| CN104663395B (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2017-01-18 | 郴州市芝草农业科技开发有限公司 | Process for manufacturing dendrobium officinale |
| CN104885731B (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2017-07-14 | 杭州江南春堂生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method of complete ecological vertical planting dendrobium candidum |
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| CN106234022A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2016-12-21 | 绍兴文理学院元培学院 | A kind of Herba Dendrobii stereo plantation method |
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| CN109329023B (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2021-10-22 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Rejuvenation method for ornamental dendrobium plants |
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| JPWO2005065443A1 (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2007-12-20 | ノリ子 武田 | Plant cultivation method, water freshness-preserving agent, root rot inhibitor, and plant culture medium, as well as water-retaining agent, fungicide, herbicide, heat insulating agent, improver, deodorant, and water freshness preservation |
| CN102144541B (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-07-18 | 东莞市睿绅生物技术有限公司 | Three-step method for producing ''dragon head phoenix tail'' high-quality officinal dendrobium stem material |
| CN102422803A (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2012-04-25 | 湖南龙石山铁皮石斛基地有限公司 | Three-dimensional original ecological cultivation method for dendrobium candidum in forest |
| CN102499038A (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2012-06-20 | 浙江雁荡山生态铁皮石斛开发有限公司 | Tree tissue culture method of dendrobium candidum |
| CN102598999A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2012-07-25 | 常熟市海虞茶叶有限公司 | Cultivation method of Dendrobium officinale |
| CN102823401A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2012-12-19 | 仁化县鑫宇生态开发有限公司 | Tie-to-tree dendrobium officinale cultivation method |
| CN103141367B (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2016-04-20 | 沈孝明 | A kind of cultivation method of dendrobium candidum |
| CN103548652B (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2015-06-10 | 贵州沿河乌江生物科技发展有限公司 | Rapid tree cultivation method for dendrobium candidum tissue-culture bottle seedlings |
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