CN102409637A - Ecological restoration method of hydro-fluctuation belt - Google Patents
Ecological restoration method of hydro-fluctuation belt Download PDFInfo
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- CN102409637A CN102409637A CN2011102337533A CN201110233753A CN102409637A CN 102409637 A CN102409637 A CN 102409637A CN 2011102337533 A CN2011102337533 A CN 2011102337533A CN 201110233753 A CN201110233753 A CN 201110233753A CN 102409637 A CN102409637 A CN 102409637A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ecological restoration method of a hydro-fluctuation belt. The ecological restoration method comprises the following steps of: firstly prefabricating a concrete module on which Bermuda grass can be planted; planting the Bermuda grass resistant to flooding on the concrete module; flattening and tamping a side slope of the hydro-fluctuation belt, and constructing a reinforced concrete lattice frame; backfilling a planting matrix; and finally constructing and curing concrete blocks of a Bermuda grass lawn so as to form a complete full concrete-covered greened side slope of the hydro-fluctuation belt. The ecological restoration method has the beneficial effects of forming a stable side slope protection structure, preventing the side slope of the hydro-fluctuation belt from being directly washed by water waves, and protecting the soil of the hydro-fluctuation belt against erosion, thus achieving the purpose of conserving water and soil; and meanwhile a complete vegetation-covered landscape is formed, thus improving an ecological environment and achieving a wide application prospect and good environmental, social and economic benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ecological restoring method of falling zone, belong to ecological environmental protection and administer technical field.
Background technology
After big-and-middle-sized reservoir builds up, often take the winter to hold the scheduling method that the summer lets out, thereby around reservoir, form the falling zone that the height of water reaches ten meters even tens of meters.Falling zone or title falling zone are the distinctive a kind of phenomenons of reservoir, are meant owing to the reservoir level seasonal movement zone that the reservoir area is periodically flooded and surfaced.Its phase of flooding is half a year, is generally to flood winter.Flood winter dew owing to changed the summer under the natural environment, original plant ecosystem has suffered broken significantly ring.If the falling zone is dealt with improperly, untimelyly carry out restoration of the ecosystem, can bring a series of ecology and environmental problem, as serious cave in, soil erosion, pollution of waterhead, natural landscape is destroyed, and forms " a yellow waistband " that not even a blade of grass grows.
To the existing many researchs of the restoration of the ecosystem of falling zone.Utilize the four sides self-locking structure to realize the connection between the square brick body member, form water-fluctuation zone self-locking wave-dissipation vegetation type ecological slope protection structure (Chinese patent grant number CN101581084B).Slope top plantation masson pine, the degree of depth 2m that disappears is with interior plantation vetiver, and intermingle vetiver and Bermuda grass between the 2-10m make the domatic recovery band of area, reservoir drawdown band abrupt slope formation vegetation (one Chinese patent application number 201010102730.4).A kind of wetland improvement method of improving reservoir drawdown district ecological environment; Offset scope 5m with interior, exist the falling zone on level land, large tracts of land gentle slope to protect, plant planting submerged plant, floating leaf submerged plant, emergent aquactic plant and humidogene shrub (one Chinese patent application 200910099098.X) successively according to the degree of depth that disappears.Plant vetiver, Bermuda, paspalum notatum in addition and be used for novel plant configuration and the ecological engineering technology (one Chinese patent application number 03146885.3) of river levee reservoir erosion control shore protection.The method of plantation Bermuda grass is repaired reservoir drawdown band and riverbank damaged ecosystem (one Chinese patent application number 200810032895.1).Above method is only repaired side slope on plant or structure; Can not be formed on the stable composite type structure of carrying out plant landscape on the basis of firm edge slope structure again simultaneously, can not be fundamentally not only protect the falling zone Stability Analysis of Structures, solve soil erosion and but also realized the vegetation reparation.
Hard falling zone side slope can effectively prevent slope failure, keeps the stability of side slope, but the growing space of green plants can not be provided, and is prone to form large stretch of concrete area of coverage in the water level falling phase, influences attractive in appearance; And for repairing the falling zone of pure plant method, though can satisfy the falling zone greening function, side slope is stable inadequately, and easy initiation is caved in and come down.For the ecological management and the reparation of falling zone, making up the physical arrangement that is fit to and selecting suitable floristics is two key technologies of restoration of the ecosystem, and the combination that the two is complete could make up stable greening side slope, realizes lasting falling zone restoration of the ecosystem.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the deficiency to prior art, and a kind of ecological restoring method of falling zone is provided, and can improve the falling zone view, can conserve water and soil, prevent slope failure simultaneously, and is significant to improving the reservoir environment.
Technical scheme of the present invention comprises following concrete steps:
1) precast concrete module: selecting rubble, cement, inorganic mineral powder, water reducing agent, water is raw material; The 1500-1700:250-300:30-40:3-5:50-80 proportioning stirs, builds and form by weight, and said inorganic mineral powder is mixed by mass ratio 3:7 by flyash and ferrosilicon smelting electric furnace recovery fine silica powder; Concrete modular thickness is 4-8cm, moulding maintenance 7-10 days more afterwards;
2) planting bermuda grass turf on concrete modular: the concrete modular surface sowing Bermuda grass seed in the maintenance moulding, cover nonwoven, can become the level ground after water seasoning 40-50 days;
3) the falling zone side slope makes up steel concrete lattice frame: leveling compacting falling zone side slope, build steel concrete lattice frame then;
4) falling zone side slope lattice frame backfill plantation matrix: backfill phytyl matter in the lattice frame is followed successively by the dark medium coarse sand of 3-5cm, the dark base manure of planting soil, 1-3cm that 25-35cm is dark, leveling, compacting degree 90-93% from top to bottom;
5) Bermuda grass concrete lawn is installed: in backfill the concrete lawn of Bermuda grass of in the lattice frame of plantation matrix planting being installed, and use pointing with cement mortar;
6) maintenance: need offset to carry out dailyly watering in the band edge slope after the installation, fertilising, weeding and prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control management, to promote the fast quick-recovery of side slope view; 1 year water level after the falling zone side slope adopts present technique to repair falls the phase after rise, needs the multiple green situation of close observation, in time water seasoning.
It is limestone or diabase or the basalt of 0.8-1.0cm that the rubble of concreting module can adopt particle diameter.The concrete modular compressive strength of processing can reach more than the 15MPa.
In the such scheme, for easy construction, the concrete modular length and width are rectangle or the square of 30-50cm.
The steel concrete lattice frame that side slope makes up in the falling zone, width is 3-5m, and its lattice girder width is 20-30cm, and the degree of depth is 30-40cm.
In the plantation matrix of lattice frame backfill, medium coarse sand particle diameter 0.5-3mm, the requirement of planting soil is a loam, pH6.0-7.5; Organic content>=10g/kg, salt content≤1.2g/kg, effectively N>=60mg/kg; Available P>=8mg/kg, quick-acting K>=75mg/kg, unit weight≤1.3g/cm
3, particle diameter≤2cm, chad content＜10wt%.
The main component that the ferrosilicon smelting electric furnace reclaims fine silica powder is SiO
2, also having impurity such as small amounts iron, alumina, calcium oxide, magnesia, part replaces cement, helps reducing the alkalescence of concrete modular.
The inventive method has been selected the water-fast Bermuda grass that floods for up to half a year on the south the Huanghe valley.Adopt the present invention can make the falling zone side slope protection, repair and in half a year, accomplish, not only can improve the efficient that the falling zone slope ecological is repaired greatly, and have bigger social benefit and environmental benefit, broad prospect for its application is arranged.
Offset band and carry out the vegetation ecological repair process, can improve the falling zone view, conserve water and soil, prevent slope failure, significant to improving water environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the concrete mould block structural diagram.
Fig. 2 is a falling zone side slope lattice frame sketch map.
Fig. 3 is the lattice girder structure chart.
Fig. 4 is the side slope sectional drawing after repairing.
The specific embodiment
1) the prefabricated concrete modular that can plant Bermuda grass: selecting particle diameter is that the limestone aggregate, cement, inorganic mineral powder, water reducing agent, water of 0.8-1.0cm stirs, builds and be made according to part by weight 1550:255:32:3:65, and inorganic mineral powder mixes (other embodiment identical) with ferrosilicon smelting electric furnace recovery fine silica powder by mass ratio 3:7 by flyash.Impurity such as the silt before the raw material stirring in the cleaning or the removal building stones that sieve, branch, gradation adds entry in the whipping process, in order to avoid excess moisture influences the space.Concrete thickness is 5-6cm, and the length of side is the square of 35cm, gets final product shaping and demoulding after the concreting in 12 hours, is health-preserving chamber maintenance 7-10 days more than 90% in humidity after the demoulding;
2) planting bermuda grass turf on concrete modular: temperature on average is greater than more than 18 ℃ the time, and the concrete upper seeding wheel Bermuda grass seed in the maintenance moulding does not need matrix during sowing; After planting cover nonwoven (opening after the germination), every day, water seasoning sprayed foliage fertilizer once (0.1wt% composite fertilizer or urea) weekly, can become the level ground after 40-50 days; The preceding broken cake fertilizer of dusting of the back 20 days left and right sides lawn Cheng Ping that germinates is to promote into the level ground.
3) the falling zone side slope makes up steel concrete lattice frame: falling zone to be repaired side slope leveling compacting after-pouring steel concrete lattice frame; The effect of lattice frame is to prevent slope failure, and the lattice girder width is 30cm, and the degree of depth is 40cm, and the lattice width of frame is 3-5m (according to landform, the lattice width of frame is different).
4) falling zone side slope lattice frame backfill plantation matrix: backfill distinct species phytyl matter in the lattice frame; Be followed successively by the dark medium coarse sand of 3-5cm, base manure, leveling compacting that fertile planting soil, 1-3cm that 25-35cm is dark are thick from top to bottom; (base manure 4, planting soil 5, medium coarse sand 6 among Fig. 4), compacting degree 90-93%.Base manure is placed on orlop, is to grow downwards for the root that impels Bermuda grass.
5) Bermuda grass concrete lawn is installed: in backfill the concrete lawn of in the lattice frame of plantation matrix the planting Bermuda grass being installed, and with the above pointing with cement mortar of M10;
6) maintenance: the falling zone side slope that the back plant cover concrete is installed carries out dailyly watering, fertilising, weeding and prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control management, to promote the fast quick-recovery of side slope view; 1 year water level after the falling zone side slope adopts present technique to repair falls after rise needs the multiple green situation of close observation, and in time water seasoning is in time removed inflorescence and promoted to walk nourishing and growing of stem.
1) the prefabricated concrete modular that can plant Bermuda grass: the selection particle diameter is that diabase aggregate, cement, inorganic mineral powder, water reducing agent, the water of 0.8-1.0cm stirs to build according to part by weight 1600:260:30:3.5:68 and is made; Impurity such as the silt before the raw material stirring in the cleaning or the removal building stones that sieve, branch; Gradation adds entry in the whipping process, in order to avoid excess moisture influences the space.Concrete thickness is 5cm, and the length of side is the square of 50cm, gets final product shaping and demoulding after the concreting in 12 hours, is health-preserving chamber maintenance 7-10 days more than 90% in humidity after the demoulding;
2) planting bermuda grass turf on concrete modular: temperature on average is greater than more than 18 ℃ the time, and the concrete upper seeding wheel Bermuda grass seed in the maintenance moulding does not need matrix during sowing; After planting cover nonwoven (opening after the germination), every day, water seasoning sprayed foliage fertilizer once (0.1wt% composite fertilizer or urea) weekly, can become the level ground after 40-50 days; The preceding broken cake fertilizer of dusting of the back 20 days left and right sides lawn Cheng Ping that germinates is to promote into the level ground.
3) the falling zone side slope makes up steel concrete lattice frame: falling zone to be repaired side slope leveling compacting after-pouring steel concrete lattice frame; The effect of lattice frame is to prevent slope failure, and the lattice girder width is 30cm, and the degree of depth is 40cm, and the lattice width of frame is 3-5m (according to landform, the lattice width of frame is different).
4) falling zone side slope lattice frame backfill plantation matrix: backfill distinct species phytyl matter in the lattice frame is followed successively by the dark medium coarse sand of 3-5cm, thick base manure, the leveling compacting of fertile planting soil, 1-3cm that 25-35cm is dark, compacting degree 90-93% from top to bottom;
5) Bermuda grass concrete lawn is installed: in backfill the concrete lawn of in the lattice frame of plantation matrix the planting Bermuda grass being installed, and with the above pointing with cement mortar of M10;
6) maintenance: the falling zone side slope that the back plant cover concrete is installed carries out dailyly watering, fertilising, weeding and prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control management, to promote the fast quick-recovery of side slope view; 1 year water level after the falling zone side slope adopts present technique to repair falls after rise needs the multiple green situation of close observation, and in time water seasoning is in time removed inflorescence and promoted to walk nourishing and growing of stem.
This instance is on-the-spot sowing Bermuda grass in the falling zone, needs the long engineering time, needs to select appropriate opportunity, with the influence that guarantees that reinstatement works does not receive water level to disappear and.
1) the prefabricated concrete modular that can plant Bermuda grass: select particle diameter be 0.8-1.0cm basalt aggregate, cement, inorganic mineral powder, water proportionally (1650:255:32:3.5:65) stir to build and be made; Impurity such as the silt before the raw material stirring in the cleaning or the removal building stones that sieve, branch; Gradation adds entry in the whipping process, in order to avoid excess moisture influences the space.Concrete thickness is 5-6cm, and the length of side is the square of 35cm, gets final product shaping and demoulding after the concreting in 12 hours, is health-preserving chamber maintenance 7-10 days more than 90% in humidity after the demoulding;
2) the falling zone side slope makes up steel concrete lattice frame: falling zone to be repaired side slope leveling compacting after-pouring steel concrete lattice frame; The effect of lattice frame is to prevent slope failure, and the lattice girder width is 20cm, and the degree of depth is 30cm, and the lattice width of frame is 3m (according to landform, the lattice width of frame is different).
3) falling zone side slope lattice frame backfill plantation matrix: backfill distinct species phytyl matter in the lattice frame, dark thick base manure, the leveling of fertile planting soil, 1-3cm of medium coarse sand, 25-35cm that is followed successively by 3-5cm from top to bottom tamped,, compacting degree 90-93%;
4) concrete modular is installed: in backfill in the lattice frame of plantation matrix concrete modular is installed, and with the above pointing with cement mortar of M10;
5) planting bermuda grass turf on concrete modular: temperature on average is greater than more than 18 ℃ the time, and the concrete upper seeding wheel Bermuda grass seed of side slope does not need matrix during sowing in the falling zone; After planting cover nonwoven (opening after the germination), every day, water seasoning sprayed foliage fertilizer once (0.1wt% composite fertilizer or urea) weekly, can become the level ground after 40-50 days; The preceding broken cake fertilizer of dusting of the back 20 days left and right sides lawn Cheng Ping that germinates is to promote into the level ground.
6) maintenance: carry out dailyly watering in the band edge slope from after planting promptly offseting, fertilising, weeding and prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control management, to promote the fast quick-recovery of side slope view; 1 year water level after the falling zone side slope adopts present technique to repair falls after rise needs the multiple green situation of close observation, and in time water seasoning is in time removed inflorescence and promoted to walk nourishing and growing of stem.
Claims (6)
1. the ecological restoring method of a falling zone is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) precast concrete module: selecting rubble, cement, inorganic mineral powder, water reducing agent, water is raw material; The 1500-1700:250-300:30-40:3-5:50-80 proportioning stirs, builds and form by weight, and said inorganic mineral powder is mixed by mass ratio 3:7 by flyash and ferrosilicon smelting electric furnace recovery fine silica powder; Concrete modular thickness is 4-8cm, moulding maintenance 7-10 days more afterwards;
2) planting bermuda grass turf on concrete modular: the concrete modular surface sowing Bermuda grass seed in the maintenance moulding, cover nonwoven, can become the level ground after water seasoning 40-50 days;
3) the falling zone side slope makes up steel concrete lattice frame: leveling compacting falling zone side slope, build steel concrete lattice frame then;
4) falling zone side slope lattice frame backfill plantation matrix: backfill phytyl matter in the lattice frame is followed successively by the dark medium coarse sand of 3-5cm, the dark base manure of planting soil, 1-3cm that 25-35cm is dark, leveling, compacting degree 90-93% from top to bottom;
5) Bermuda grass concrete lawn is installed: in backfill the concrete lawn of Bermuda grass of in the lattice frame of plantation matrix planting being installed, and use pointing with cement mortar;
6) maintenance.
2. restorative procedure according to claim 1 is characterized in that, has selected the water-fast Bermuda grass that floods for up to half a year on the south the Huanghe valley, selects not add the direct-seeding of any matrix or hypothallus during sowing.
3. restorative procedure according to claim 1 is characterized in that, it is limestone or diabase or the basalt of 0.8-1.0cm that the rubble of concreting module adopts particle diameter.
4. restorative procedure according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the concrete modular length and width are 30-50cm.
5. restorative procedure according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the steel concrete lattice frame that side slope makes up in the falling zone, and width is 3-5m, and the lattice girder width is 20-30cm, and the degree of depth is 30-40cm.
6. restorative procedure according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, in the plantation matrix of lattice frame backfill; Medium coarse sand particle diameter 0.5-3mm, the requirement of planting soil is a loam, pH6.0-7.5; Organic content>=10g/kg, salt content≤1.2g/kg, effectively N>=60mg/kg; Available P>=8mg/kg, quick-acting K>=75mg/kg, unit weight≤1.3g/cm
3, particle diameter≤2cm, chad content＜10wt%.
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105165520A (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2015-12-23 | 广东红日节能环保科技有限公司 | Plantation method using water dampness-resistant tree seed to restore reservoir hydro fluctuation belt |
| CN106869148A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-06-20 | 三亚新大兴园林生态有限公司 | A kind of side slope ecological protection structure |
| CN108330913A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-07-27 | 美丽国土（北京）生态环境工程技术研究院有限公司 | The ecological restoring method of falling zone side slope |
| CN108677871A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-10-19 | 南昌工程学院 | A kind of construction method of assembled grass planting concrete precast block and its ecological revetment |
| CN109083096A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2018-12-25 | 重庆大学产业技术研究院 | A kind of step-like ecological slope protection structure of reservoir area fluctuating zone and its implementation method |
| CN109505284A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-03-22 | 江苏东南能源环境工程有限公司 | Ion-exchange type ecological slope protection system |
| CN110331697A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-10-15 | 安徽农业大学 | Half dew partly floods the restorative procedure in region in a kind of reservoir drawdown band steep hillslope |
| CN110396984A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-01 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of reservoir drawdown band rock slope plant cover concrete bank protecting method |
| CN110593199A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2019-12-20 | 瑞派尔(宜昌)科技集团股份有限公司 | Construction process of ecological concrete in hydro-fluctuation area |
| CN114481953A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-05-13 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Ecological slope protection without destroying integrity of built dike hard slope protection and construction method thereof |
| CN114931080A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-08-23 | 广东省农业科学院环境园艺研究所 | Wetland plant matrix for ecological grid hydro-fluctuation belt and application thereof |
| CN115299295A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-11-08 | 中交上海航道局有限公司 | Construction method for ecological greening of bare rock slope |
| CN116018959A (en) * | 2023-02-10 | 2023-04-28 | 中国十九冶集团有限公司 | Vertical greening structure and method for separated type falling area |
| CN116368983A (en) * | 2023-03-29 | 2023-07-04 | 自然资源部第三海洋研究所 | Coastal sand dune repairing and maintaining method |
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105165520A (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2015-12-23 | 广东红日节能环保科技有限公司 | Plantation method using water dampness-resistant tree seed to restore reservoir hydro fluctuation belt |
| CN106869148A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-06-20 | 三亚新大兴园林生态有限公司 | A kind of side slope ecological protection structure |
| CN108330913A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-07-27 | 美丽国土（北京）生态环境工程技术研究院有限公司 | The ecological restoring method of falling zone side slope |
| CN108677871A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-10-19 | 南昌工程学院 | A kind of construction method of assembled grass planting concrete precast block and its ecological revetment |
| CN109083096A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2018-12-25 | 重庆大学产业技术研究院 | A kind of step-like ecological slope protection structure of reservoir area fluctuating zone and its implementation method |
| CN109505284A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-03-22 | 江苏东南能源环境工程有限公司 | Ion-exchange type ecological slope protection system |
| CN110331697A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-10-15 | 安徽农业大学 | Half dew partly floods the restorative procedure in region in a kind of reservoir drawdown band steep hillslope |
| CN110396984A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-01 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of reservoir drawdown band rock slope plant cover concrete bank protecting method |
| CN110593199A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2019-12-20 | 瑞派尔(宜昌)科技集团股份有限公司 | Construction process of ecological concrete in hydro-fluctuation area |
| CN114481953A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-05-13 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Ecological slope protection without destroying integrity of built dike hard slope protection and construction method thereof |
| CN114481953B (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2024-02-02 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Ecological slope protection without damaging integrity of hard slope protection of established embankment and construction method thereof |
| CN114931080A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-08-23 | 广东省农业科学院环境园艺研究所 | Wetland plant matrix for ecological grid hydro-fluctuation belt and application thereof |
| CN114931080B (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2023-06-20 | 广东省农业科学院环境园艺研究所 | Wetland plant matrix for ecological grid hydro-fluctuation belt and application thereof |
| CN115299295A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-11-08 | 中交上海航道局有限公司 | Construction method for ecological greening of bare rock slope |
| CN116018959A (en) * | 2023-02-10 | 2023-04-28 | 中国十九冶集团有限公司 | Vertical greening structure and method for separated type falling area |
| CN116368983A (en) * | 2023-03-29 | 2023-07-04 | 自然资源部第三海洋研究所 | Coastal sand dune repairing and maintaining method |
| CN116368983B (en) * | 2023-03-29 | 2023-11-28 | 自然资源部第三海洋研究所 | Coastal sand dune repairing and maintaining method |
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Effective date of registration: 20220609 Address after: 430062 horticultural center building, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1, LUMO Road, East Lake ecotourism scenic spot, Wuhan City, Hubei Province Patentee after: Wuhan Botanical Garden Gardening Center Co.,Ltd. Address before: 430074 grinding hill, Wuhan, Hubei, East Lake Patentee before: WUHAN BOTANICAL GARDEN, CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES |