CN102369895A - Crayfish rice continuous-cropping breeding and planting technology - Google Patents
Crayfish rice continuous-cropping breeding and planting technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN102369895A CN102369895A CN2010102577443A CN201010257744A CN102369895A CN 102369895 A CN102369895 A CN 102369895A CN 2010102577443 A CN2010102577443 A CN 2010102577443A CN 201010257744 A CN201010257744 A CN 201010257744A CN 102369895 A CN102369895 A CN 102369895A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a crayfish rice continuous-cropping breeding and planting technology. The invention has the special technical key points that: the rice field, which has good water quality, sufficient water and no pollution source and is convenient to irrigate and drain, is selected to breed crayfish; the area of the rice field is properly over dozens of acres; feeding ditches are excavated in ridges; a crayfish rice continuous-cropping breeding and planting mode comprises three modes of throwing seed crayfish, throwing ovigerous crayfish and throwing young crayfish; according to the requirements of the three modes, the seed crayfish or the young crayfish are thrown sufficiently in one step; when a large number of young crayfish move, artificial feed such as minced fillet, scrambled screw clam meat and the like are fed properly; in winter, crayfish enter caves to live through the winter; in March of the next year, the crayfish come out again after water temperature rises again, wherein the water temperature is controlled by a method for adjusting water depth and is controlled to be 20 to 30 DEG C commonly; and the crayfish are caught at the end of March to at the end of May every year. By the technology, the rice field can be utilized completely to artificially cultivate the crayfish; the problem that the rice field leaves unused in rainy seasons of winter and spring is solved; and a wide prospect for farmers to achieve prosperity is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the freshwater aquiculture field, be specifically related to the continuous cropping of shrimp rice and support the kind technology.
Background technology
The former huge legendary turtle shrimp of the former Ke Shi by name of cray originates in Bei Meizhou, 20 the beginning of the century Japan introduce from the U.S., import China into from Japan the thirties in 20th century again.This shrimp is distributed widely in China's rivers and lakes, the natural population that formation can supply utilize.Particularly in the Changjiang river, its population of downstream areas is bigger, is the main producing region of China cray.The cray whole body all is precious, and its converted products is edible not only, but also is widely used in medicine, environmental protection, food, health care, agricultural and scientific research field, has wide industrialization prospect.At present, supply falls short of demand for wild cray, and it is imperative that popularization is propagated artificially.Yet the artificial culture technology of cray is very weak, and resource utilization is very low, particularly carries out foster kind of the technology of shrimp rice continuous cropping in low-lying cold soaking semilate rice field and is in blank field.This drawback and defective are never had the solution of good technical scheme.
Summary of the invention
Kind of a technology is supported in shrimp rice of the present invention continuous cropping, has solved above-mentioned drawback well, and its purpose one is in order to solve winter and spring idle problem in rice field in the low-lying cold soaking, and reaches money, grain double increase benefit, and the 2nd, in order to solve the problem that wild cray rice field is entrusted one's child to the care of sb..
In order to achieve the above object, the inventor propagates artificially through cray for many years, constantly tests, explores, studies, analyzes, and the kind technology is supported in the shrimp rice continuous cropping that successfully sums up a cover science, practicality; Promptly plant one season semilate rice, culture one season cray; Annual early June, to carry out semilate rice by rice cultivating technique and plant, manage, the 9-10 month is thrown in shrimp species, manages according to crayfish breeding technique behind the input shrimp species, and next year 4-5 month is gathered in the crops cray.Paddy rice plantation and cray are cultured and have reached the mutually beneficial effect of symbiosis like this, and its technical scheme is:
One, the condition of planting is supported in the continuous cropping of shrimp rice
Select that water quality is good, the water yield is sufficient, pollution-free source, irrigation and drainage support shrimp in the rice field easily.The area in rice field is suitable big, general several mu to up to a hundred ares.Ridge is interior, and dark 1.5 meters annular is raised ditch along excavating wide 1.5-2 rice all around, and " ten " word ditch or " well " word ditch also will be excavated in the field that area is bigger, centre, furrow width 0.5-1 rice, and dark 0.5 meter, annular raising ditch and field ditch account for the 5%-10% of rice field area.Ridge is reinforced, widened, increases to the soil that utilizes excavation annular raising ditch to dig out, and requirement can be held the dark water of 40-60cm, and ridge is preferably wide more than 3 meters.Water inlet, discharge outlet will be installed and prevented escaping facility, prevent the cray flight.
Two, the pattern of planting is supported in the continuous cropping of shrimp rice
1, throws in seed shrimp
Annual 7-8 month, before the semilate rice harvesting, raise ditch and the selected seed shrimp of field ditch input toward the annular in rice field, seed shrimp requires healthy and strong, the long basically identical of body, does not have deformity, no amputation.Injected volume 15-20kg/ are, female-male proportion 3: 1.Need not after the input to throw something and feed, seed shrimp can absorb organic debris, zooplankton, aquatic insect, thick grass biology and the pasture and water etc. in the rice field voluntarily.The draining in rice field, dry field, cut paddy and carry out in the same old way.Cut Gu Shiying and stay high paddy stubble as far as possible, millet straw is the field also.Pour water the fertilizer that dispensing is become thoroughly decomposed, the water quality of fostering and apply fertilizer after the semilate rice harvesting immediately.Find after a period of time that annular raises when more juvenile prawn is arranged in the ditch, available more large mesh ground cage is fished for prawn, can sell.
2, throw in shrimp with ovums
Annual 20-30 month, after the semilate rice harvesting, with timber slotting digging about some dark 20cm in the rice field, the oblique prone artificial cave of level, and pour water immediately, shrimp with ovums is thrown in the back of pouring water in the rice field, and shrimp promptly lays eggs.Injected volume is the 12-15kg/ are.The artificial feed of needn't throwing something and feeding after shrimp with ovums is thrown in, but to execute the farmyard manure that some become thoroughly decomposed, the water quality of fostering and apply fertilizer.Shrimp with ovums can absorb organic debris, zooplankton, aquatic insect, thick grass biology, pasture and water and pig, the cow dung in the rice field voluntarily.Wait to find that annular raises when more juvenile prawn is arranged in the ditch, available more large mesh ground cage is fished for prawn, can sell.
3, throw in juvenile prawn
Annual 9-10 month, after the semilate rice harvesting, insert at paddy field with timber and to dig about some dark 20cm, the oblique prone artificial cave of level, and pour water immediately.Throw in the rice field and execute the farmyard manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, throw the amount of executing, throw equably and be sprinkling upon in the rice field water quality of fostering and apply fertilizer at the 250-300kg/ are.Throw in and to have left parent, the specification juvenile prawn at 1.2-2.2cm, quantity is at 1.5-3.5 ten thousand tail/ares, the offcuts in some fishes gruels, slaughter house etc. of can suitably throwing something and feeding.The 4-5 month in the coming year can be gathered in the crops cray.
Above-mentioned three kinds of patterns all require single step of releasing foot seed shrimp or juvenile prawn.In whole winter, pay attention to the water quality of fostering and apply fertilizer.When natural feed does not enrich, when a large amount of juvenile prawns are movable, artificial feed such as the spiral shell freshwater mussel meat that suitably throw something and feed the fish gruel, blends.When water temperature is lower than 12 ℃, can not throw something and feed.Cray entered the hole and survived the winter winter, and the March water temperature of next year gos up to come out again, and control water temperature with the way of regulating the depth of water this moment, impelled water temperature to be more suitable for the cray growth, and general water temperature is controlled at 20-30 ℃.When water temperature is raised to more than 18 ℃, strengthen throwing grass, fertilising, bait throwing in, promote the quick growth of juvenile prawn.Feeding volume can be decided according to active situation and the food situation of juvenile prawn.
Three, fishing for of planting supported in the continuous cropping of shrimp rice
Every year is by the end of March to fishing for by the end of May, adopt lobster basket, the cage net rise and catch, effect is fine.Catch that to stay greatly be important measures that reduce cost, increase output for a short time., the semilate rice rice transplanting fishes for optimum at the beginning of 6 months by the end of May when putting in order the Tian Qiangan field.Adopt the ground cage to fish for, should increase mesh, the specification of fishing for cray is controlled at the above individuality of 30g-35g, to obtain the better market price.
In the shrimp rice continuous cropping pattern, semilate rice output is generally at 700-800kg.Generally about 150kg, the output value is generally about 4000 yuan every mu for the output of cray.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: make full use of the rice field and propagate cray artificially and solved the idle problem in Winter-Spring, middle rice field, also opened up wide prospect to farmer richness.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart that the kind technology is supported in shrimp rice of the present invention continuous cropping.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing kind of a technology is supported in shrimp rice of the present invention continuous cropping and do further detailed explanation.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
Support kind of a technology according to shrimp rice continuous cropping shown in Figure 1, one of its scheme:
One, the condition of planting is supported in the continuous cropping of shrimp rice
Select that water quality is good, the water yield is sufficient, pollution-free source, irrigation and drainage support shrimp in the rice field easily.Five ares of the areas in rice field.Raise ditch along excavating wide 2 meters, dark 1.5 meters annular all around in the ridge of rice field, middle excavation " ten " word ditch, 1 meter of furrow width, dark 0.5 meter, annular raising ditch and field ditch account for 8% of rice field area.Utilize the excavation annular to raise the soil that ditch digs out and reinforces, widen, increase ridge, require to hold the dark water of 50cm, ridge is wide 3 meters, and water inlet, discharge outlet are installed and anti-ly escaped facility, prevents that cray from fleeing.
Two, the pattern of planting is supported in the continuous cropping of shrimp rice
Throw in seed shrimp
Annual 7-8 month, before the semilate rice harvesting, raise ditch and the selected seed shrimp of field ditch input toward the annular in rice field, seed shrimp requires the long basically identical of body, does not have deformity, no amputation.Injected volume 18kg/ mu, female-male proportion 3: 1.Need not after the input to throw something and feed, seed shrimp can absorb organic debris, zooplankton, aquatic insect, thick grass biology and the pasture and water etc. in the rice field voluntarily.The draining in rice field, dry field, cut paddy and carry out in the same old way.Cut Gu Shiying and stay high paddy stubble as far as possible, millet straw is the field also.Pour water the fertilizer that dispensing is become thoroughly decomposed, the water quality of fostering and apply fertilizer after the semilate rice harvesting immediately.Find after a period of time that annular raises when more juvenile prawn is arranged in the ditch, available more large mesh ground cage is fished for prawn.
In whole winter, pay attention to the water quality of fostering and apply fertilizer.When natural foodstuff does not enrich, when a large amount of juvenile prawns are movable, artificial feed such as the spiral shell freshwater mussel meat that suitably throw something and feed the fish gruel, blends.When water temperature is lower than 12 ℃, can not throw something and feed.Cray entered the hole and survived the winter winter, and the March water temperature of next year gos up to come out again, and control water temperature with the way of regulating the depth of water this moment, impelled water temperature to be more suitable for the cray growth, and general water temperature is controlled at 20-30 ℃.When water temperature is raised to more than 18 ℃, strengthen throwing grass, fertilising, bait throwing in, promote the quick growth of juvenile prawn.Feeding volume can be decided according to active situation and the food situation of juvenile prawn.
Three, fishing for of planting supported in the continuous cropping of shrimp rice
Every year is by the end of March to fishing for by the end of May, adopt lobster basket, the cage net rise and catch, effect is fine.Catch that to stay greatly be important measures that reduce cost, increase output for a short time., the semilate rice rice transplanting fishes for optimum at the beginning of 6 months by the end of May when putting in order the Tian Qiangan field.Adopt the ground cage to fish for, should increase mesh, the specification of fishing for cray is controlled at the above individuality of 30g-35g, to obtain the better market price.
Embodiment two
Support kind of a technology according to shrimp rice continuous cropping shown in Figure 1, two of its scheme:
One, the condition of planting is supported in the continuous cropping of shrimp rice
Select that water quality is good, the water yield is sufficient, pollution-free source, irrigation and drainage support shrimp in the rice field easily.Five ares of the areas in rice field.Raise ditch along excavating wide 2 meters, dark 1.5 meters annular all around in the ridge of rice field, middle excavation " ten " word ditch, 1 meter of furrow width, dark 0.5 meter.Raise ditch and field ditch and account for 8% of rice field area.Utilize the excavation annular to raise the soil that ditch digs out and reinforces, widen, increase ridge, require to hold the dark water of 50cm, ridge is wide 3 meters, and water inlet, discharge outlet are installed and anti-ly escaped facility, prevents that cray from fleeing.
Two, the pattern of planting is supported in the continuous cropping of shrimp rice
Throw in shrimp with ovums
Annual 9-10 month, after the semilate rice harvesting, in the rice field, dig about some dark 20cm with timber is slotting, the oblique prone artificial cave of level, and pour water immediately, shrimp with ovums is thrown in, shrimp promptly to be laid eggs in the back of pouring water in the rice field.Injected volume is the 13kg/ are.The artificial feed of needn't throwing something and feeding after shrimp with ovums is thrown in, but to execute the farmyard manure that some become thoroughly decomposed, the water quality of fostering and apply fertilizer.Shrimp with ovums can absorb organic debris, zooplankton, aquatic insect, thick grass biology, pasture and water and pig manure, the cow dung in the rice field voluntarily.When there was more juvenile prawn in rice field to be found, available more large mesh ground cage was fished for prawn.
In whole winter, pay attention to the water quality of fostering and apply fertilizer.When natural feed does not enrich, when a large amount of juvenile prawns are movable, artificial feed such as the spiral shell freshwater mussel meat that suitably throw something and feed the fish gruel, blends.When water temperature is lower than 12 ℃, can not throw something and feed.Cray entered the hole and survived the winter winter, and the March water temperature of next year gos up to come out again, and control water temperature with the way of regulating the depth of water this moment, impelled water temperature to be more suitable for the cray growth, and general water temperature is controlled at 20-30 ℃.When water temperature is raised to more than 18 ℃, strengthen throwing grass, fertilising, bait throwing in, promote the quick growth of juvenile prawn.Feeding volume can be decided according to active situation and the food situation of juvenile prawn.
Three, fishing for of planting supported in the continuous cropping of shrimp rice
Every year is by the end of March to fishing for by the end of May, adopt lobster basket, the cage net rise and catch, effect is fine.Catch that to stay greatly be important measures that reduce cost, increase output for a short time., the semilate rice rice transplanting fishes for optimum at the beginning of 6 months by the end of May when putting in order the Tian Qiangan field.Adopt the ground cage to fish for, should increase mesh, the specification of fishing for cray is controlled at the above individuality of 30g-35g, to obtain the better market price.
Embodiment three
Support kind of a technology according to shrimp rice continuous cropping shown in Figure 1, three of its scheme:
One, the condition of planting is supported in the continuous cropping of shrimp rice
Select that water quality is good, the water yield is sufficient, pollution-free source, irrigation and drainage support shrimp in the rice field easily.Five ares of the areas in rice field.Raise ditch along excavating wide 2 meters, dark 1.5 meters annular all around in the ridge of rice field, middle excavation " ten " word ditch, 1 meter of furrow width, dark 0.5 meter.Raise ditch and field ditch and account for 8% of rice field area.Utilize the excavation annular to raise the soil that ditch digs out and reinforces, widen, increase ridge, require to hold the dark water of 50cm, ridge is wide 3 meters, and water inlet, discharge outlet are installed and anti-ly escaped facility, prevents that cray from fleeing.
Two, the pattern of planting is supported in the continuous cropping of shrimp rice
Throw in juvenile prawn
Annual 9-10 month, after the semilate rice harvesting, dig about some dark 20cm with timber is slotting at paddy field, the oblique prone artificial cave of level, and pour water immediately.Throw in the rice field and execute the farmyard manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, throw the amount of executing, throw equably and be sprinkling upon in the rice field water quality of fostering and apply fertilizer at the 260kg/ are.Throw in and to have left parent, specification juvenile prawn 20,000 tail/ares, the offcuts in some fishes gruels, slaughter house etc. of can suitably throwing something and feeding at 1.2-2.2cm.After juvenile prawn grows up, can select seed shrimp and throw in addition.
In whole winter, pay attention to the water quality of fostering and apply fertilizer.When natural feed does not enrich, when a large amount of juvenile prawns are movable, artificial feed such as the spiral shell freshwater mussel meat that suitably throw something and feed the fish gruel, blends.When water temperature is lower than 12 ℃, can not throw something and feed.Cray entered the hole and survived the winter winter, and the March water temperature of next year gos up to come out again, and control water temperature with the way of regulating the depth of water this moment, impelled water temperature to be more suitable for the cray growth, and general water temperature is controlled at 20-30 ℃.When water temperature is raised to more than 18 ℃, strengthen throwing grass, fertilising, bait throwing in, promote the quick growth of juvenile prawn.Feeding volume can be decided according to active situation and the food situation of juvenile prawn.
Three, fishing for of planting supported in the continuous cropping of shrimp rice
Every year is by the end of March to fishing for by the end of May, adopt lobster basket, the cage net rise and catch, effect is fine.Catch that to stay greatly be important measures that reduce cost, increase output for a short time., the semilate rice rice transplanting fishes for optimum at the beginning of 6 months by the end of May when putting in order the Tian Qiangan field.Adopt the ground cage to fish for, should increase mesh, the specification of fishing for cray is controlled at the above individuality of 30g-35g, to obtain the better market price.
Claims (1)
1. the invention discloses a seed shrimp rice continuous cropping, to support kind technological, its especially technology be:
One, the condition of planting is supported in the continuous cropping of shrimp rice
Select that water quality is good, the water yield is sufficient, pollution-free source, irrigation and drainage support shrimp in the rice field easily.The area in rice field is suitable big, general tens mu to up to a hundred mu.Along excavating wide 1.5-2 rice all around, dark 1.5 meters annular is raised ditch in the ridge, and " ten " word ditch or " well " word ditch also will be excavated in the field that area is bigger, centre, and furrow width 0.5-1 rice, is raised the 5%-10% that ditch and field ditch account for rice field area by dark 0.5 meter.Ridge is reinforced, widened, increases to the soil that utilizes excavation annular raising ditch to dig out, and requirement can be held the dark water of 40-60cm, and ridge is wide more than 3 meters.Water inlet, discharge outlet are installed and are prevented escaping facility, prevent the cray flight.
Two, the pattern of planting is supported in the continuous cropping of shrimp rice
1. throw in seed shrimp
Annual 7-8 month, before the semilate rice harvesting, raise ditch and the selected seed shrimp of field ditch input toward the annular in rice field, seed shrimp requires healthy and strong, the long basically identical of body, does not have deformity, no amputation.Injected volume 15-20kg/ are, female-male proportion 3: 1.Need not after the input to throw something and feed, seed shrimp can absorb organic debris, zooplankton, aquatic insect, thick grass biology and the pasture and water etc. in the rice field voluntarily.The draining in rice field, dry field, cut paddy and carry out in the same old way.Cut Gu Shiying and stay high paddy stubble as far as possible, millet straw is the field also.Pour water the fertilizer that dispensing is become thoroughly decomposed, the water quality of fostering and apply fertilizer after the semilate rice harvesting immediately.After a period of time, when having found annular more juvenile prawn being arranged in the raising ditch, available more large mesh ground cage is fished for prawn.
2. throw in shrimp with ovums
Annual 9-10 month, after the semilate rice harvesting, with timber slotting digging about some dark 20cm in the rice field, the oblique prone artificial cave of level, and pour water immediately, shrimp with ovums is thrown in, shrimp promptly to be laid eggs in the back of pouring water in the rice field.Injected volume is the 12-15kg/ are.The artificial feed of needn't throwing something and feeding after shrimp with ovums is thrown in, but to execute the farmyard manure that some become thoroughly decomposed, the water quality of fostering and apply fertilizer.Shrimp with ovums can absorb organic debris, zooplankton, aquatic insect, pasture and water and pig manure, the cow dung in the rice field voluntarily.After a period of time, find that annular raises when more juvenile prawn is arranged in the ditch, available more large mesh ground cage is fished for prawn.
3. throw in juvenile prawn
Annual 9-10 month, after the semilate rice harvesting, insert at paddy field with timber and to dig about some dark 20cm, the oblique prone artificial cave of level, and pour water immediately.Throw in the rice field and execute the farmyard manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, throw the amount of executing, throw equably and be sprinkling upon in the rice field water quality of fostering and apply fertilizer at the 250-300kg/ are.Throw in and to have left parent, the specification juvenile prawn at 1.2-2.2cm, quantity is at 1.5-3.5 ten thousand tail/ares, the offcuts in some fishes gruels, slaughter house etc. of can suitably throwing something and feeding.The 4-5 month in the coming year can be gathered in the crops cray.
Above-mentioned three kinds of patterns all require single step of releasing foot seed shrimp or juvenile prawn.In whole winter, pay attention to the water quality of fostering and apply fertilizer.When natural feed does not enrich, when a large amount of juvenile prawns are movable, artificial feed such as the spiral shell freshwater mussel meat that suitably throw something and feed the fish gruel, blends.When water temperature is lower than 12 ℃, can not throw something and feed.Cray entered the hole and survived the winter winter, and the March water temperature of next year gos up to come out again, and control water temperature with the way of regulating the depth of water this moment, impelled water temperature to be more suitable for the cray growth, and general water temperature is controlled at 20-30 ℃.When water temperature is raised to more than 18 ℃, strengthen throwing grass, fertilising, bait throwing in, promote the quick growth of juvenile prawn.Feeding volume can be decided according to active situation and the food situation of juvenile prawn.
Three, fishing for of planting supported in the continuous cropping of shrimp rice
Every year is by the end of March to fishing for by the end of May, adopt lobster basket, the cage net rise and catch, effect is fine.Catch that to stay greatly be important measures that reduce cost, increase output for a short time., the semilate rice rice transplanting fishes for optimum at the beginning of 6 months by the end of May when putting in order the Tian Qiangan field.Adopt the ground cage to fish for, should increase mesh, the specification of fishing for cray is controlled at the above individuality of 30g-35g.
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| CN102986438A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-03-27 | 绍兴文理学院 | Rice-loach-shrimp coupling interplanting and crop rotation method |
| CN103348889A (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2013-10-16 | 湖北省水产技术推广中心 | Rice field ecological planting and breeding method |
| CN103931903A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-23 | 全椒县赤镇龙虾经济专业合作社 | Feed additive for red crayfishes in rice field |
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| CN103931529A (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2014-07-23 | 嘉兴职业技术学院 | Method for ecologically cultivating freshwater shrimps in paddy |
| CN104885975A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-09-09 | 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 | Inner-periphery ridge building method for shrimp and rice joint culturing mode |
| CN105230309A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-01-13 | 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 | A method for increasing the land utilization rate in a rice-shrimp culture mode |
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| CN106386302A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 陈冬林 | Rice and chicken lobster continuous mixing planting and breeding method capable of stabilizing grain income and increasing fishery income |
| CN106962246A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-07-21 | 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 | A kind of rice field cray, which is intersected, throws seedling three batches of methods of cultivation |
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