CN102771419B - Method for cultivating calcium-supplementing red swamp crayfish in rice field - Google Patents
Method for cultivating calcium-supplementing red swamp crayfish in rice field Download PDFInfo
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- CN102771419B CN102771419B CN201210220942.1A CN201210220942A CN102771419B CN 102771419 B CN102771419 B CN 102771419B CN 201210220942 A CN201210220942 A CN 201210220942A CN 102771419 B CN102771419 B CN 102771419B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating calcium-supplementing red swamp crayfish in a rice field. The cultivating technique steps are as follows: modifying and building the rice field, clearing and disinfecting, applying fertilizer reasonably, transplanting rice seedlings timely, throwing beneficial creatures into a crayfish ditch, throwing tree branches and transplanting aquatic plants in the crayfish ditch, throwing crayfish food, fishing mature crayfish, and throwing the crayfish food made according to a special formula into the rice field. Cultivating steps are arranged according to life habits of crayfish, and yield of crayfish is increased. In addition, by feeding the crayfish with the crayfish food capable of increasing calcium element content of the crayfish, the produced red swamp crayfish can provide calcium element for human bodies and are beneficial for human bodies of people lacking calcium.
Description
technical field:
The present invention relates generally to the method for the Procambius clarkii that a kind of paddy field aquaculture replenishes the calcium.
background technology:
Cray is the shellfish that survives in a kind of picture lobster in fresh water, and formal name used at school Procambius clarkii is also red crayfish or freshwater crayfish.The Northeast claims perverse mqb.Procambius clarkii is the widest Invasive Alien Species that distributes in shell-fish.Procambius clarkii because of its omnivorousness, fast growth, adaptablely in local environment, form absolute competitive advantage.Its scope of ingesting comprises pasture and water, algae, aquatic insect, spoil etc., and food is deficient also kills each other when scarce.Procambius clarkii has become Important Economic breed variety in China in recent years.
How in the cultivation of existing lobster, only to focus on, under condition cheaply, improving the output of lobster, can't focus on the quality of lobster, also can not focus on the nutrition supply degree of lobster to human body.
summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is exactly the defect in order to make up prior art, and the method for the Procambius clarkii that a kind of paddy field aquaculture replenishes the calcium is provided, supplementing calcium element when Procambius clarkii cultivation, and the healthy of the crowd to calcium deficiency is highly profitable.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A method for the Procambius clarkii that paddy field aquaculture is replenished the calcium, is characterized in that: cultural technique step is as follows:
One, the transformation in rice field and construction:
The rice field of selected cultivation Procambius clarkii, carries out heightening and consolidation to this rice field ridge, makes more than the ridge exceeds rice field plane 40cm, and the ridge is wide in 100cm left and right;
The shrimp ditch that excavation supplies Procambius clarkii activity, avoids heat and look for food in rice field, shrimp furrow width 1m, shrimp ditch depth 0.8m left and right, the area of shrimp ditch accounts for 10% left and right of rice field area;
In rice field surrounding, the anti-facility of escaping is set;
Two, cleaning sterilization: process in the field clearly that carries out disinfection, the rice field of supporting shrimp at the beginning of by the end of April to 5 month to being elected to be, and when detoxicating, first pours water 10 centimetres in rice field, and the shrimp ditch depth of water is 90 centimetres of left and right, then splashes in full field while hot with 30～40 grams of lime waters by every square metre;
Three, the rational application of fertilizer: when fertilising, to rice field: execute 25 kilograms of carbon ammoniums for every mu, 20 kilograms of superphosphate, 50 kilograms of fresh hay wood ashes; Prawn ditch: use farmyard manure 50～100 loads of becoming thoroughly decomposed for every mu;
Four, in good time rice transplanting: rice transplanting period is late May; The density of rice transplanting is: 13 centimetres of left and right of spacing in the rows, 23 centimetres of left and right of line-spacing; When rice transplanting, by 2 meters of left and right every position, stay railway carriage or compartment row one, the distance of railway carriage or compartment row is 30 centimetres of left and right;
Five, in shrimp ditch, throw in beneficial organism: every square metre of shrimp ditch water surface is thrown in 0.3～0.5 kilogram of silk earthworm; Every square metre of shrimp ditch water surface, throws in 8～10 river snails; Every square metre of ditch water surface is thrown in 3～4 freshwater mussels;
Six, in shrimp ditch, throw in branch and transplant water plants: water plants will be put and plant one at interval of 2～3 meters in the time transplanting, and the area of every is 1 square metre of left and right;
Seven, throw in shrimp seedling: within 5～7 days after rice transplanting, in rice field, throw in shrimp seedling, every mu of area is thrown in 50 kilograms of shrimp seedlings;
Eight, throw in shrimp food: select spiral shell, mussel meat, small fish, shrimp, earthworm, slaughtering offcuts, sunflower seed grouts, bran, green grass, dish leaf, p.malaianus, wolffia arrhiza, red duckweed and weter hyacinth etc. as feed, feed of animal origin and vegetable feed are substantially suitable, and the forage volume of throwing something and feeding every day accounts for the 5-8% of pond Prawn TBW; Described input feed divides the upper and lower noon twice, accounts for the 25-35% of whole day feeding volume the morning, accounts for 65-75% afternoon;
Threw in a sterilization growth accelerator every 3-5 days, injected volume is the 3-5% of shrimp feed weight on the same day; Sterilization growth accelerator is pulverized formulated by following raw materials according by weight:
Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2-4, green tea powder 4-5, black bean powder 10-12, lysine 0.5-0.8, betain 1-2, hawthorn 6-7, hypericum japonicum 4-5, Divine Comedy 10-12, david woodbetony rhizome 10-12, garlic powder 10-12, withy 10-12, bone meal 1-3; Calcium lactate 5-8, sodium Diacetate 0.5-1, oyster shell powder 4-5;
Nine, sterilization
The shrimp ditch water surface monthly, with bleaching powder sterilization 1-2 time, is changed water and is splashed at food; In prawn disease epidemic season, disinfectant adopts bleaching powder, white raw ash;
Ten, fish for into shrimp.
Sterilization growth accelerator is pulverized formulated by following raw materials according by weight:
Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 3, green tea powder 4, black bean powder 11, lysine 0.5, betain 1, hawthorn 7, hypericum japonicum 4, Divine Comedy 10, david woodbetony rhizome 10, garlic powder 12, withy 12, bone meal 3; Calcium lactate 6, sodium Diacetate 0.5, oyster shell powder 5.
Described rice field ridge carries out heightening and consolidation in conjunction with the transformation in rice field in should be in the winter time.Stalk height generally exceeds paddy field plane more than 40 centimetres, obstructs wide 100 centimetres of left and right.Ridge will be tamped and fasten after widening and increasing, and guarantees that ridge is water-tight.As closing the old dykes and dams of water, answer uproot weeds, the stifled hole of killing mouse for limit, field.
Excavation shrimp will, according to the size of field, take the circumstances into consideration to dig 1-3 bar when ditch.1 meter of furrow width, 0.8 meter of left and right of ditch depth.The earth of excavation shrimp ditch, can the getting rid of on ridge of periphery, middle just evenly falls apart in Tanaka.The area of shrimp ditch generally accounts for 10% left and right of rice field area.
The entering to arrange facility and should consider in conjunction with excavation shrimp ditch of rice field, excavates into escape canal and should be combined with shrimp ditch excavation utilization.Excavation for extraneous retaining ditch or drain ditch is built, and be Yu Yaoshui and fill with, and changes and will arrange.
When detoxicating, first in rice field, pour water 10 centimetres, the shrimp ditch depth of water is 90 centimetres of left and right, then splashes in full field while hot with 30～40 grams of lime waters by every square metre.While splashing, shrimp ditch will be laid particular stress on.
As the rice field of cultivation Procambius clarkii, should be in whole field in the first tenday period of a month in May, cultivated adjusting method can adopt traditional Niu Gengniu rake, also can adopt modern machinery to plough whole.Rice field whole good after, the rational application of fertilizer, when fertilising, should adopt two kinds of diverse ways to rice field and shrimp ditch.Rice field: execute 25 kilograms of carbon ammoniums for every mu, 20 kilograms of superphosphate, 50 kilograms of fresh hay wood ashes (can not use potassium chloride); Shrimp ditch: use farmyard manure 50～100 loads of becoming thoroughly decomposed for every mu.
When rice transplanting, best period is late May.The density of rice transplanting should be rarer than the rice transplanting of conventional Middle Rice, i.e. 13 centimetres of left and right of spacing in the rows, 23 centimetres of left and right of line-spacing.When rice transplanting, also must by 2 meters of left and right every position, stay railway carriage or compartment row one.The distance of railway carriage or compartment row is 30 centimetres of left and right.Open preferably north-south of railway carriage or compartment direction, in order to rice field ventilation and penetrating light.
A little beneficial organisms should be had a mind to throw in, as water silk earthworm, river snail and freshwater mussel etc. in the rice field of cultivation Procambius clarkii in shrimp ditch.Through increasing the live bait in water body and utilizing beneficial organism to purify water.Every square metre of shrimp ditch of water silk earthworm is thrown in 0.3～0.5 kilogram; Every square metre of shrimp ditch water surface of river snail, throws in 8～10; Every square metre of ditch water surface of freshwater mussel is thrown in 3～4.The individuality of freshwater mussel is not thrown in excessive, general every weight between 100～200 grams for well.
Have and be intended to throw in a little branches and transplant a small amount of water plants in shrimp ditch.For the ease of Procambius clarkii activity, perch and defend harmful animal, in shrimp ditch, can throw in right amount the things such as a little branches and branch of lycium chinensis mill, and transplant the water plants that a small amount of Procambius clarkii does not eat.Water plants will be put and plant one at interval of 2～3 meters in the time transplanting, and the area of every should be 1 square metre of left and right, must guard against full ditch and throws in, in order to avoid affect normally looking for food and activity of lobster.
Generally after rice transplanting 5～7 days, in the time that turning green, throws in rice shoot seed, and throw in density and should support shrimp than pond to throw seedling few 40%, be i.e. 50 kilograms of every mu of area inputs, about 8000～10000 tails.
While throwing in shrimp seedling, to note 3 points: the one, be chosen in sooner or later or overcast and rainy throwing seedling, in order to avoid the harm of the shrimp seedling generation temperature difference; The 2nd, evenly get an input along shrimp ditch, in order to avoid shrimp seedling is too concentrated, local water body severe depletion of oxygen and cause shrimp seedling death by suffocation; The 3rd, should not be at sunlight throw in shrimp seedling when strong and high temperature.
Although the rice field of cultivation Procambius clarkii has the biology of many procreations at different levels naturally and pasture and water to eat for Procambius clarkii, but, because the breeding density of Ke Shi crayfish in rice field is larger, along with the continuous growth of Ke Shi crayfish body weight is grown, the natural food in rice field just can not meet Procambius clarkii demand far away.Therefore, in the rice field of cultivation Procambius clarkii, the shrimp that the manual manufacture of often throwing something and feeding goes out eats to meet Procambius clarkii demand to food in process of growth, promotes the Fast Growth of Procambius clarkii.
Shrimp is supported in the time of feeding in rice field, supports shrimp the same with pond, change according to weather condition, determines flexibly feeding number of times and feeding amount.As blow hard, lower wet weather or heavy rain, cold air such as go down south at the weather, and can reduce as one sees fit feeding number of times or reduce feeding amount, when bad weather, can not feeding.
Advantage of the present invention is:
Sterilization growth accelerator has the several functions such as sterilization, growth promotion, increase shrimp premunition, and effectively prevention of shrimp disease occurs, and improves survival rate, and shrimp growth is fast.
The inventive method, according to the life habit arrangement cultivation step of lobster, has improved the output of lobster, and lobster is edible can improve its shrimp food of calcium constituent with it by making, and the healthy of the crowd to calcium deficiency is highly profitable.
embodiment:
A method for the Procambius clarkii that paddy field aquaculture is replenished the calcium, cultural technique step is as follows:
One, the transformation in rice field and construction:
The rice field of selected cultivation Procambius clarkii, carries out heightening and consolidation to this rice field ridge, makes more than the ridge exceeds rice field plane 40cm, and the ridge is wide in 100cm left and right.
The shrimp ditch that excavation supplies Procambius clarkii activity, avoids heat and look for food in rice field, shrimp furrow width 1m, shrimp ditch depth 0.8m left and right, the area of shrimp ditch accounts for 10% left and right of rice field area.
In rice field surrounding, the anti-facility of escaping is set.
Two, cleaning sterilization: process in the field clearly that carries out disinfection, the rice field of supporting shrimp at the beginning of by the end of April to 5 month to being elected to be, and when detoxicating, first pours water 10 centimetres in rice field, and the shrimp ditch depth of water is 90 centimetres of left and right, then splashes in full field while hot with 35 grams of lime waters by every square metre.
Three, the rational application of fertilizer: when fertilising, to rice field: execute 25 kilograms of carbon ammoniums for every mu, 20 kilograms of superphosphate, 50 kilograms of fresh hay wood ashes; Prawn ditch: use the farmyard manure 80 becoming thoroughly decomposed for every mu and carry on a shoulder pole.
Four, in good time rice transplanting: rice transplanting period is late May; The density of rice transplanting is: 13 centimetres of left and right of spacing in the rows, 23 centimetres of left and right of line-spacing; When rice transplanting, by 2 meters of left and right every position, stay railway carriage or compartment row one, the distance of railway carriage or compartment row is 30 centimetres of left and right.
Five, in shrimp ditch, throw in beneficial organism: every square metre of shrimp ditch water surface is thrown in 0.4 kilogram of silk earthworm; Every square metre of shrimp ditch water surface, throws in 9 river snails; Every square metre of ditch water surface is thrown in 3 freshwater mussels.
Six, in shrimp ditch, throw in branch and transplant water plants: water plants will be put and plant one at interval of 2 meters in the time transplanting, and the area of every is 1 square metre of left and right.
Seven, throw in shrimp seedling: within 6 days after rice transplanting, in rice field, throw in shrimp seedling, every mu of area is thrown in 50 kilograms of shrimp seedlings.
One, throw in shrimp food: select spiral shell, mussel meat, small fish, shrimp, earthworm, slaughtering offcuts, sunflower seed grouts, bran, green grass, dish leaf, p.malaianus, wolffia arrhiza, red duckweed and weter hyacinth etc. as feed, feed of animal origin and vegetable feed are substantially suitable, and the forage volume of throwing something and feeding every day accounts for the 5-8% of pond Prawn TBW; Described input feed divides the upper and lower noon twice, accounts for the 25-35% of whole day feeding volume the morning, accounts for 65-75% afternoon;
Every 4 days throw in a sterilization growth accelerator, injected volume be the same day shrimp feed weight 4%; Sterilization growth accelerator is pulverized formulated by following raw materials according by weight:
Sterilization growth accelerator is pulverized formulated by following raw materials according by weight:
Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 3, green tea powder 4, black bean powder 11, lysine 0.5, betain 1, hawthorn 7, hypericum japonicum 4, Divine Comedy 10, david woodbetony rhizome 10, garlic powder 12, withy 12, bone meal 3; Calcium lactate 6, sodium Diacetate 0.5, oyster shell powder 5.
Nine, sterilization
The shrimp ditch water surface monthly, with bleaching powder sterilization 1-2 time, is changed water and is splashed at food; In prawn disease epidemic season, disinfectant adopts bleaching powder, white raw ash;
Two, fish for into shrimp.
Carry out paddy field aquaculture test in Jinzhai County small towns, 30 mu of areas, in breeding process, do not have occurrence of large-area prawn disease, and shrimp grows vigorous always, and stature is large.Improve Procambius clarkii and become the output capacity of shrimp, and reduced production cost, economic environmental protection.
Claims (2)
1. a method for the Procambius clarkii that paddy field aquaculture is replenished the calcium, its cultural technique step is as follows:
One, the transformation in rice field and construction:
The rice field of selected cultivation Procambius clarkii, carries out heightening and consolidation to this rice field ridge, makes more than the ridge exceeds rice field plane 40cm, and the ridge is wide at 100cm;
The shrimp ditch that excavation supplies Procambius clarkii activity, avoids heat and look for food in rice field, shrimp furrow width 1m, shrimp ditch depth 0.8m, the area of shrimp ditch accounts for 10% of rice field area;
In rice field surrounding, the anti-facility of escaping is set;
Two, cleaning sterilization: process in the field clearly that carries out disinfection, the rice field of supporting shrimp at the beginning of by the end of April to 5 month to being elected to be, and when detoxicating, first pours water 10 centimetres in rice field, and the shrimp ditch depth of water is 90 centimetres, then splashes in full field while hot with 30～40 grams of lime waters by every square metre;
Three, the rational application of fertilizer: when fertilising, to rice field: execute 25 kilograms of carbon ammoniums for every mu, 20 kilograms of superphosphate, 50 kilograms of fresh hay wood ashes; Prawn ditch: use farmyard manure 50～100 loads of becoming thoroughly decomposed for every mu;
Four, in good time rice transplanting: rice transplanting period is late May; The density of rice transplanting is: 13 centimetres of spacing in the rows, 23 centimetres of line-spacings; When rice transplanting, by 2 meters every position, stay railway carriage or compartment row one, the distance of railway carriage or compartment row is 30 centimetres;
Five, in shrimp ditch, throw in beneficial organism: every square metre of shrimp ditch water surface is thrown in 0.3～0.5 kilogram of silk earthworm; Every square metre of shrimp ditch water surface, throws in 8～10 river snails; Every square metre of ditch water surface is thrown in 3～4 freshwater mussels;
Six, in shrimp ditch, throw in branch and transplant water plants: water plants will be put at interval of 2～3 meters in the time transplanting
Plant one, the area of every is at 1 square metre;
Seven, throw in shrimp seedling: within 5～7 days after rice transplanting, in rice field, throw in shrimp seedling, every mu of area is thrown in 50 kilograms of shrimp seedlings;
Eight, throw in shrimp food: select spiral shell, mussel meat, small fish, shrimp, earthworm, slaughtering offcuts, sunflower seed grouts, bran, green grass, dish leaf, p.malaianus, wolffia arrhiza, red duckweed and weter hyacinth as feed, feed of animal origin and vegetable feed are substantially suitable, and the forage volume of throwing something and feeding every day accounts for the 5-8% of pond Prawn TBW; Described input feed divides the upper and lower noon twice, accounts for the 25-35% of whole day feeding volume the morning, accounts for 65-75% afternoon;
Threw in a sterilization growth accelerator every 3-5 days, injected volume is the 3-5% of shrimp feed weight on the same day;
Nine, sterilization
The shrimp ditch water surface monthly, with bleaching powder sterilization 1-2 time, is changed water and is splashed at food; In prawn disease epidemic season, disinfectant adopts bleaching powder, white raw ash;
Ten, fish for into shrimp; It is characterized in that, described sterilization growth accelerator is pulverized formulated by following raw materials according by weight:
Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2-4, green tea powder 4-5, black bean powder 10-12, lysine 0.5-0.8, betain 1-2, hawthorn 6-7, hypericum japonicum 4-5, Divine Comedy 10-12, david woodbetony rhizome 10-12, garlic powder 10-12, withy 10-12, bone meal 1-3; Calcium lactate 5-8, sodium Diacetate 0.5-1, oyster shell powder 4-5.
2. the method for the Procambius clarkii that paddy field aquaculture according to claim 1 is replenished the calcium, is characterized in that: sterilization growth accelerator is pulverized formulated by following raw materials according by weight:
Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 3, green tea powder 4, black bean powder 11, lysine 0.5, betain 1, hawthorn 7, hypericum japonicum 4, Divine Comedy 10, david woodbetony rhizome 10, garlic powder 12, withy 12, bone meal 3; Calcium lactate 6, sodium Diacetate 0.5, oyster shell powder 5.
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| CN104839062A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-08-19 | 安徽省怀远县华夏药械有限责任公司 | High-yield lobster breeding method |
| CN106509477A (en) * | 2015-09-13 | 2017-03-22 | 曾建民 | Specific non-pollution feed additive for breeding of freshwater shrimps using plants as raw materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN105053733A (en) * | 2015-09-13 | 2015-11-18 | 曾建民 | Special feed additive for improving content of vitamin A in freshwater shrimp mince and preparation method thereof |
| CN105029126A (en) * | 2015-09-13 | 2015-11-11 | 曾建民 | Special feed additive for freshwater shrimps and preparation method thereof |
| CN105494211A (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2016-04-20 | 安庆市义云农业有限责任公司 | Ecological type breeding method for breeding children lobsters in rice |
| CN107581118A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2018-01-16 | 云南绿叶农业科技开发有限公司 | Freshwater crayfish cultural method |
| CN107897078A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-04-13 | 颍上县腾飞生态农业水产专业合作社联合社 | A kind of aquaculture method of cray |
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| KR100941744B1 (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2010-02-11 | 순천향대학교 산학협력단 | Complex farming system |
| CN101480225B (en) * | 2009-02-17 | 2011-05-18 | 中国农业科学院饲料研究所 | Livestock feed addictive composition as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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Inventor after: Ding Fengqin Inventor after: Wang Lei Inventor after: Chen Yu Inventor after: Wang Xiang Inventor after: Wu Minglin Inventor after: Zheng Hui Inventor after: Xu Zhinan Inventor after: Zhou Xuan Inventor before: Wang Lei |
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