CN102344200A - In-situ bioremediation method of marine pollutant sedimentary environment - Google Patents
In-situ bioremediation method of marine pollutant sedimentary environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN102344200A CN102344200A CN2011101918727A CN201110191872A CN102344200A CN 102344200 A CN102344200 A CN 102344200A CN 2011101918727 A CN2011101918727 A CN 2011101918727A CN 201110191872 A CN201110191872 A CN 201110191872A CN 102344200 A CN102344200 A CN 102344200A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an in-situ bioremediation method of a marine pollutant sedimentary environment. The method comprises steps that: a long dam is constructed at a remediation area which is a tidal flat with heavy-metal pollution or with a high eutrophication degree; mechanical plowing is carried out upon the tidal flat; suaeda heteroptera artificial sowing and colonization are carried out at the remediation area in spring; fermented, dried and crushed livestock and poultry organic fertilizer is applied to the remediation area before lobworm seedlings are transplanted; and lobworm seedlings of above 10 setigers are transplanted into the remediation area. According to the invention, with lobworm and suaeda heteroptera, a lobworm-suaeda heteroptera in-situ combined bioremediation system is constructed. Through the reformation upon the tidal flat, appropriate conditions are provided for the growth of lobworm and suaeda heteroptera. Lobworm has an advantage that in a sedimentary environment, pollutants such as heavy metals can be biologically utilized by lobworm. With the method provided by the invention, the advantage is reinforced, such that the bioavailability and the biological enrichment processes of the pollutants are promoted in suaeda heteroptera. Therefore, mutual ecological and metabolic pathway complementation of lobworm and suaeda heteroptera in the sedimentary environment is realized, such that the efficiency of the in-situ combined bioremediation process is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of curbing environmental pollution, particularly administer the method for Marine Environmental Pollution.
Background technology
Because coast town industry and the discharging of sanitary sewage and the development of mariculture industry are coated with offshore beach and pollute seriously, particularly carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus eutrophication problem.Still there is not at present the method for this pollution problem of big area improvement effectively.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of adaptability is strong, biological utilisation property high, can big area administer the biology in situ renovation method of pollution of the sea sedimentary environment.The present invention mainly is: set up clam worm-Suaeda heteroptera in-situ combination biological restoration system, allow promptly clam worm and Suaeda heteroptera are grown, metabolism in contaminated Oceanic Sedimentary Environments, they carry out Oceanic Sedimentary Environments the method that biology in situ is repaired again simultaneously.
Particular content of the present invention is following:
1, repairing the district transforms: construct causeway being subjected to the high beach of heavy metal contamination or eutrophication degree promptly to repair the district, preferably repair the district's lower limit boundary of bank (promptly away from) and construct high 10 cm～20 cm causewaies; And the beach in the causeway is carried out machinery turn over, preferably pine soil depth is built the beach sedimentary environment that helps the latent residence of clam worm greater than 30 cm.
2, repair district's beach face plantation Suaeda heteroptera: carry out the Suaeda heteroptera by artificial seeding, build the crowd in the reparation district spring.Preferably thickness of sowing is 1kg/ mu～2kg/ mu; The beach face temperature is 3～4 ℃ during sowing, substrate 5cm ,-2 ℃ approximately of soil temperatures.
3, repair district's fertilising: move grow the clam worm seed before; In the best week; Execute through fermentation, shine the fowl poultry kind fertilizer that dry doubling pulverizes to repairing district's beach face by 450～750kg/ hectare; Best 30-50 order; This fertilizer accounts for 1%～5% of sediment quality per-cent; Its method of calculation are unit surface (in 1 square metre) sampling, calculate fertilizer and sediment quality ratio after separating.
4, throw in the clam worm seed: move into the clam worm seed more than the 10 firm joints to above-mentioned reparation district, preferably throwing in density is 150,000/hectare～450,000/hectare.This clam worm seed is the Nereidae perinereis aibuhitensis that encloses Nereis, multiple toothly encloses clam worm, or the Japan thorn clam worm of thorn Nereis.
5, the reparation district manages: repair the district and forbid that manual pick is caught clam worm and the fluffy vegetation of alkali is stung on destruction beach surface.Be after spring tide arrives again, carry out the beach face inspection, find that the thorn alkali that destroys by rush of water is fluffy, in time reseed.
Bioremediation technology can be divided into biology in situ reparation and heterotopic biological reparation.Biology in situ renovation method is fit to the improvement of pollution in wide area, and has and need not move deposition matter, low, the simple operation and other advantages of cost.Coastal in northern China, tideland, river mouth tidal flat biota vegetation are many to be typical case's representative with the Suaeda heteroptera, has indomitable vitality, high force of labor and expansion advantage.These characteristics are the protection of marine marsh and the assurance that restoration of the ecosystem provides pioneer plant germ plasm resource.Simultaneously, organic abundant in the beach deposition matter of its distribution, soil aeration, water conservation, guarantor's fertilizer, this comprehensive effect of improving the soil has formed the habitat that helps the polychetes clam worm again, and the clam worm biomass is risen by a relatively large margin.On the other hand; Clam worm and Suaeda heteroptera have stronger accumulation ability and tolerance to multiple typical pollutant; Especially; Clam worm can make indissoluble attitude heavy metallic activation through multiple mechanism in heavy-metal contaminated soil be solubilised state and the Yi Rong attitude that helps plant absorbing; Improve the biological utilisation property of plant to heavy metal; And, promote the Suaeda heteroptera growth through improving quick-acting nutrient contents in the soil, significantly improve the repairing effect of plant.Therefore, will be distributed widely in northern China river mouth tidal flat, wetland peculiar sociales perinereis aibuhitensis (
Perinereis aibuhitensisGrube) and Suaeda heteroptera (
Suaeda heteropteraKitag) recover to repair monoid as Biological resources, on the one hand, have important economic implications, form beach clam worm, biological sustainable use and the development mode of Suaeda heteroptera resource, constitute the important composition of low-carbon (LC) fishery with the deposition habitat; On the other hand; Make up, develop in-situ combination biological restoration system and correlation engineering enhancements thereof; Make it to become the important carbon remittance of sea, land, river mouth staggered band sedimentary environment; Can carry out the habitat to eutrophication (C, N, P), with serious pollution beach deposition matter and repair, for China's beach, shallow sea and wetland pollution deposit matter are recovered and reconstruction provides effective way.
The present invention has following advantage: the present invention adopts clam worm and Suaeda heteroptera to make up clam worm-Suaeda heteroptera in-situ combination biological restoration system; Through various beach improvement project enhancements, keep intending clam worm and the productivity of Suaeda heteroptera population and the suitable condition of development thereof in the reparation beach; Strengthen clam worm in sedimentary environment to like pollutent activatory advantages such as heavy metals, thereby the promotion Suaeda heteroptera to the bioavailability of pollutent, and biomagnification process.Realize clam worm and Suaeda heteroptera ecology cooperation in sedimentary environment and pathways metabolism complementation each other, thereby improve the efficient of in-situ combination biological restoration process.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the graph of a relation of perinereis aibuhitensis dry weight and weight in wet base among the present invention.
Fig. 2 inserts clam worm Suaeda heteroptera over-ground part copper to accumulate spirogram among the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a clam worm of the present invention influences figure to what Suaeda heteroptera over-ground part copper was accumulated.
Fig. 4 is a clam worm of the present invention influences figure to what Suaeda heteroptera underground part copper was accumulated.
Fig. 5 is the influence figure of clam worm of the present invention to effective copper content in the sedimentary soil.
Fig. 6 is the biomagnification figure of clam worm of the present invention under sedimentary soil different Cu concentration.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
1000 mu of physical features selecting two estrade river mouths, Panshan County, Liaoning Province to be positioned at Liaodong Wan are smooth, can receive tide more than 4 times, suitable Suaeda heteroptera growth naturally near river mouth, big flood tide, and are rich in organic middle climax beach as repairing the district.This beach, reparation district Tu total organic carbon (TOC) content changes variation range 8.28mg/g～19.02mg/g because of season is different; The total phosphorous variation range is 0.37mg/g～0.53 mg/g; Total nitrogen content 0.512mg/g.
Lower limit is constructed high 10 cm causewaies in above-mentioned reparation district; And the beach in the causeway is carried out machinery turn over, pine soil depth needs greater than 30 cm.And start to repair mid-March in next year and carry out the Suaeda heteroptera by artificial seeding when top layer, district begins to thaw, broadcasting sowing density is 1kg/ mu.The beach face temperature is 3 ℃ during sowing, substrate 5cm ,-2 ℃ approximately of soil temperatures.Grow the clam worm seed and execute through fermentation, shine the fowl poultry kind fertilizer that dry doubling pulverized 30 mesh sieves to repairing district's beach face by the 450kg/ hectare in the last week moving, this fertilizer accounts for 1% of sediment quality.In moving into the perinereis aibuhitensis seed more than the 10 firm joints to above-mentioned reparation district at dusk, throwing in density is 150,000/hectare in beach ebb back.Just carry out the management of routine then, promptly repair the district and forbid that manual pick is caught clam worm and the fluffy vegetation of alkali is stung on destruction beach surface.Be after spring tide arrives again, carry out the beach face inspection, find that the thorn alkali that destroys by rush of water is fluffy, in time reseed.
The evaluation of clam worm and Suaeda heteroptera Biological resources population: choose the test beach and carry out clam worm and Suaeda heteroptera density and biomass investigation spring in next year (May), summer (August) and autumn (October).Investigation is provided with 3 erect-positions altogether.Every erect-position all adopts 0.25m * 0.25m * 0.30m sample boxes to take a sample 4 times, and quantitative assay is done in the screening of via hole diameter 1mm sub-sieve.According to clam worm and Suaeda heteroptera mean density (N, ind/m
2) and average individual weight amount (W, g), estimation clam worm and Suaeda heteroptera turnout.
The content of clam worm and Suaeda heteroptera C, N, P: perinereis aibuhitensis and the Suaeda heteroptera of getting the beach collection carry out weight in wet base and dry weight relation mensuration, and the result shows that clam worm and Suaeda heteroptera stem organization ratio are respectively 24.8% and 23.3%; Organize dry weight to carry out biochemical analysis to clam worm and Suaeda heteroptera and show that clam worm organizes N in the dry weight, P and C content to be respectively 81.3mg/g, 0.58mg/g and 346mg/g; Suaeda heteroptera organizes N in the dry weight, P and C content to be respectively: 25.6mg/g, 0.16mg/g and 375mg/g.See table:
The biochemical composition of subordinate list 1 perinereis aibuhitensis and Suaeda heteroptera organism
In addition in the graph of a relation of perinereis aibuhitensis dry weight of the present invention shown in Figure 1 and weight in wet base, dry weight (dw) g of unit, weight in wet base (ww) g of unit, regression relation: dw=0.2578ww-0.0098, R
2=0.9216.
The present invention tests and shows, by clam worm annual production average out to 44kg/ mu, and Suaeda heteroptera output average out to 106.7kg/ mu; Can extrapolate the 1000 mu of clam worms in whole test district, Suaeda heteroptera resource ultimate production is respectively 44000kg and 106700kg.Clam worm is respectively the year accumulation volume of C, N, P:
Carbon: 44kg/ mu * 1000 mu * 24.8% * 34.6%=3775.55kg;
Nitrogen: 44kg/ mu * 1000 mu * 24.8% * 8.13%=887.15kg;
Phosphorus: 44kg/ mu * 1000 mu * 24.8% * 0.058%=6.33kg;
Suaeda heteroptera is respectively the year accumulation volume of C, N, P:
Carbon: 106.7kg/ mu * 1000 mu * 23.3% * 37.5%=9322.9kg;
Nitrogen: 106.7kg/ mu * 1000 mu * 23.3% * 2.56%=636.44kg;
Phosphorus: 106.7kg/ mu * 1000 mu * 23.3% * 0.016%=3.98kg;
The two can turnout form accumulation test site beach soil carbon add up to 13098.45kg; Nitrogen 1523.59kg; Phosphorus 10.31kg.
Get two estrade river mouths, Panshan County, Liaoning Province and be positioned at Liaodong Wan beach top layer 0-30cm deposition matter; Its each item index is following: Ph=8.3; Heavy metal copper 30.068mg/kg; Cadmium 0.224mg/kg; Plumbous 10.125mg/kg, zinc 42.765mg/kg, organic 3.67%; Total nitrogen 0.07% is handled the heavy metal test with it.
In this test soil, apply through fermentation, shine the fowl poultry kind fertilizer that dry doubling pulverized 50 mesh sieves.The air-dry deposition matter that grinds that takes by weighing 0.5kg is in plastic tub alms bowl (diameter 10cm), according to " oceanic sediment quality standard " (GB 18668-2002), respectively with CuSO
4Form adds 0mg/kg, 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg, the bivalent cupric ion (Cu of 400mg/kg
2+), indoor alternation of wetting and drying was cultivated 1 month, reach balance after, transplant Suaeda heteroptera shoot (every basin 20 strains), and in every basin, insert 2 of clam worms with 6 true leaves, mean body weight is 1.5g; With the handled that does not insert clam worm is contrast; Cultivate in the illumination box, culture condition is: illumination every day 14 hours, and light intensity 8800Lux, day temperature are 22 ℃, and night, temperature was 18 ℃, and 4 weeks of growth gather in the crops.Every day, the dilution seawater with 1.5% watered twice, kept deposition matter to keep about 70% of beach water capacity, tested each treatment group and established 20 repetitions.During off-test, the results Suaeda heteroptera is measured Suaeda heteroptera over-ground part and underground part bivalent cupric ion (Cu respectively
2+) content, over-ground part and underground part plant fresh weight and dry weight and the intravital N of Suaeda heteroptera, P content; Get each treatment group deposition quality sample simultaneously, measure available state copper content in the deposition matter, pH value and effective N, P content.Clam worm is every at a distance from the 2d sampling once gets clam worm 3 tails at every turn at random, after its weight in wet base of weighing, through oven dry weigh, digest, after the neutralization, constant volume with atom flame absorption method mensuration clam worm body copper content.The copper accumulation is mapped with the time.
The present invention's test shows:
1, clam worm can significantly promote Suaeda heteroptera to bivalent cupric ion (Cu
2+) accumulate.In not inserting clam worm group, the Suaeda heteroptera underground part is accumulated average out to 115.91mg/kg to copper, and extreme value is 92.59
+8.63mg/kg with 189.0
+48.53mg/kg; In inserting the clam worm group, Suaeda heteroptera underground part copper is accumulated average out to 237.99mg/kg, and variation range is 127.1
+6.8mg/kg～429.9
+15.6mg/kg; The copper that access clam worm Suaeda heteroptera underground part is accumulated on average will exceed 122.07mg/kg, and the two shows utmost point significant difference (P＜0.01), referring to accompanying drawing 3,4.Equally, inserting clam worm also can significantly increase the Suaeda heteroptera over-ground part to the accumulating of copper, and does not insert clam worm, Suaeda heteroptera copper content average out to 39.06mg/kg, variation range 17.85
+1.304mg/kg～63.69
+4.798mg/kg; Insert clam worm, it on average is 99.33mg/kg that Suaeda heteroptera over-ground part copper is accumulated, and extreme value is 48.64
+4.024mg/kg with 134.9
+22.90mg/kg, also exceed 60.27mg/kg, also show utmost point significant difference (P＜0.01) between the two, referring to accompanying drawing 2.
2, the bioturbation of clam worm can promote the biological utilisation property of Suaeda heteroptera to heavy metal.Clam worm is to CaCl in the sedimentary soil
2The influence of-Cu and DTPA-Cu content is referring to accompanying drawing 5: DTPA-Cu content all raises and increases with handling concentration in the soil; Do not insert clam worm, each treatment group soil DTPA-Cu average out to 34.573mg/kg, extreme value is 1.292
+0.31mg/kg～79.94
+6.2mg/kg maximum is present under the copper 400mg/kg condition; Insert clam worm, DTPA-Cu average out to 31.72mg/kg changes in 1.662 in the soil
+0.011mg/kg with 58.59
+4.60.Though both differences do not see that significantly under the 200mg/kg treatment condition, the access clam worm is organized to be higher than and do not insert clam worm group 9.57mg/kg.
Clam worm is to CaCl in the soil
2The influence of-Cu content is then extremely remarkable, referring to accompanying drawing 5.Visible by accompanying drawing 5, soil CaCl
2-Cu content also increases with the concentration of treatment rising of copper.Inserting under the clam worm condition CaCl in the soil
2-Cu content average out to 0.531mg/kg, extreme value is 0.209mg/kg and 0.751mg/kg; Do not insert clam worm, CaCl
2-Cu average out to 0.397mg/kg changes between 0.194mg/kg～0.569mg/kg; All in all, access clam worm exchange state Cu concentration does not more insert and exceeds 0.01mg/kg～0.18mg/kg.There is significant difference (P＜0.01) in the two.
3, in soil different concns bivalent cupric ion (Cu
2+) under the treatment condition, clam worm is in time to bivalent cupric ion (Cu
2+) variation tendency accumulated is referring to accompanying drawing 6.Visible by accompanying drawing 6, clam worm is similar to the summit time of accumulating of copper under the different treatment concentration, all reached in about the 18th day in test and accumulate highest level, but accumulation then is proportionate with Soil Copper concentration.Accumulating the summit, bivalent cupric ion (Cu in each concentration of treatment clam worm body
2+) accumulate and reach 72.66mg/kg respectively, 85.76mg/kg and 96.66mg/kg; Be respectively 3 times～7 times of control group.Wherein, under the soil treatment concentration 400mg/L, accumulating concentration is 96.66mg/kg, and visible clam worm is to bivalent cupric ion (Cu
2+) accumulate along with concentration of treatment raises and increases.By Fig. 5 data, can calculate the biological enrichment factor (BCF) that clam worm accumulates copper and accumulate the maximum accumulation (C under the equilibrium state
Amax, mg/kg), the result sees table:
| Concentration (mg/kg) | 100 | 200 | 400 |
| BCF | 1.28 | 0.78 | 0.36 |
| C Amax(mg/kg) | 58.62 | 71.45 | 82.44 |
Visible by last table, in sedimentary soil copper 100mg/kg～400mg/kg scope, (be respectively 2 times of oceanogenic sedimentation matter second class standard, the 3rd class standard and ultra oceanogenic sedimentation matter the 3rd class standards), clam worm is to the maximum accumulation average out to 70.84mg/kg of copper.
By The above results; According to test site tidal flat clam worm output 44kg/ mu, Suaeda heteroptera output 106.7kg/ mu; When soil copper content is 200mg/kg (oceanogenic sedimentation matter second class standard); Accumulate maximum accumulation 71.45mg/kg of equilibrated and the average accumulation 168.66mg/kg of Suaeda heteroptera in clam worm, whole demonstration area (1000 mu) clam worm to the accumulation of copper is: 44kkg/ mu * 1000 mu * 24.8% * 71.45mg/kg ÷ 1000=779.66g; Suaeda heteroptera to the accumulation volume of copper is: 106.7kg/ mu * 1000 mu * 23.3% * 168.66mg/kg ÷ 1000=4193.7 g.It is 4972.73g that the two total can be accumulated heavy metal copper.It may be noted that; Under this kind situation; Clam worm and Suaeda heteroptera should not gathered in the crops as fishery products, and its turnout can be taked post processing modes such as burning, big scale spatial dispersion or landfill, and the heavy metal content that makes it to be discharged into again in the environment is lower than environmental background value level (safety standards).
Claims (9)
1. the biology in situ renovation method of a pollution of the sea sedimentary environment is characterized in that:
1), constructs causeway, and the beach in the causeway is carried out machinery turn over being subjected to the high beach of heavy metal contamination or eutrophication degree promptly to repair the district;
2), carry out the Suaeda heteroptera by artificial seeding, build the crowd in the reparation district spring;
3), grow clam worm seed forward direction reparation district beach face and apply through fermentation, shine the fowl poultry kind fertilizer that dry doubling pulverizes moving,
4), move into the clam worm seed more than the 10 firm joints to above-mentioned reparation district.
2. the biology in situ renovation method of a kind of pollution of the sea sedimentary environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: lower limit is constructed high 10 cm～20 cm causewaies in the reparation district.
3. the biology in situ renovation method of a kind of pollution of the sea sedimentary environment according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: pine soil depth is greater than 30 cm.
4. the biology in situ renovation method of a kind of pollution of the sea sedimentary environment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Suaeda heteroptera by artificial seeding density is 1kg/ mu～2kg/ mu.
5. the biology in situ renovation method of a kind of pollution of the sea sedimentary environment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the beach face temperature is 3～4 ℃ during the Suaeda heteroptera by artificial seeding, substrate 5cm, soil temperature-2 ℃.
6. the biology in situ renovation method of a kind of pollution of the sea sedimentary environment according to claim 5 is characterized in that: grow clam worm seed organic fertilizer in the last week moving.
7. the biology in situ renovation method of a kind of pollution of the sea sedimentary environment according to claim 6 is characterized in that: distinguish the beach face organic fertilizer by 450～750kg/ hectare to repairing.
8. the biology in situ renovation method of a kind of pollution of the sea sedimentary environment according to claim 7 is characterized in that: this fertilizer accounts for 1%～5% of sediment quality per-cent.
9. the biology in situ renovation method of a kind of pollution of the sea sedimentary environment according to claim 8 is characterized in that: it is 150,000/hectare～450,000/hectare that the clam worm seed is thrown in density.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103098764A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-05-15 | 大连海洋大学 | Method for purifying solid waste in sea cucumber factory-like seedling protecting-cultivating pool by utilization of clam worms |
| CN103776969A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-05-07 | 上海市环境科学研究院 | Method for estimating ecotoxicity of heavy metal in sediment in water |
| CN104028549A (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-10 | 山东省淡水水产研究所 | Method for in situ restoration of petroleum pollution through combination of pioneer plants on tidal bank and clam worms |
| CN104478179A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-04-01 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Method for treating dredging bottom sludge with nereis |
| CN107787634A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-03-13 | 大连海洋大学 | A kind of Honghe fault wetland salt-soda soil Suaeda heteroptera ecological restoring method |
| CN111373995A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-07-07 | 江苏盐城国家级珍禽自然保护区管理处 | Planting method and application of suaeda salsa on coastal beach saline land |
| CN115739972A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-07 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for efficient comprehensive restoration and remediation of polluted beach |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103098764A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-05-15 | 大连海洋大学 | Method for purifying solid waste in sea cucumber factory-like seedling protecting-cultivating pool by utilization of clam worms |
| CN104028549A (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-10 | 山东省淡水水产研究所 | Method for in situ restoration of petroleum pollution through combination of pioneer plants on tidal bank and clam worms |
| CN103776969A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-05-07 | 上海市环境科学研究院 | Method for estimating ecotoxicity of heavy metal in sediment in water |
| CN103776969B (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2016-01-20 | 上海市环境科学研究院 | A kind of method that Heavy Metal Ecological toxicity in water body deposit is evaluated |
| CN104478179A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-04-01 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Method for treating dredging bottom sludge with nereis |
| CN107787634A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-03-13 | 大连海洋大学 | A kind of Honghe fault wetland salt-soda soil Suaeda heteroptera ecological restoring method |
| CN111373995A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-07-07 | 江苏盐城国家级珍禽自然保护区管理处 | Planting method and application of suaeda salsa on coastal beach saline land |
| CN115739972A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-07 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for efficient comprehensive restoration and remediation of polluted beach |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102344200B (en) | 2013-01-30 |
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