CN103776969A - Method for estimating ecotoxicity of heavy metal in sediment in water - Google Patents
Method for estimating ecotoxicity of heavy metal in sediment in water Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for estimating ecotoxicity of heavy metal in sediment in water. The method takes Neanthesjaponicas as organisms to be tested, and comprises the steps of baking the sediment at high temperature; setting exposure concentration gradient of the sediment, putting the sediment baked at high temperature in a glass container, wherein pebbles are stacked in the glass container; putting the Neanthesjaponicas in the sediment in each container, and testing by controlling a certain test condition; after the Neanthesjaponicas are exposed for certain time, calculating the number of the Neanthesjaponicas which escape into the pebbles in each group of sample under the different exposure concentrations; establishing dose-effect relationship equation between Neanthesjaponica avoidance rate and sediment exposure concentration, and calculating half avoidance rate LC50 according to the relationship equation; estimating the ecotoxicity of heavy metal in sediment according to the value of LC50. The evaluation method provided by the invention is high in sensitivity, convenient to operate, visual in display and convenient in on-site monitoring; the toxic effect of the heavy metal in the sediment in the natural environment for the typical organism in the environment is simulated by the method, so that the experiment results are objective and true.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly sting clam worm by Japan and walk quickly and keep away effect rate to the method that in water body deposit, Heavy Metal Ecological toxicity is evaluated, can be applicable to Heavy Metal Ecological toxicity in water body deposit to evaluate.
Background technology
Heavy metal can not be degraded by microorganisms in ground surface environment, has cumulative effect, affects human health.Heavy metal pollution has the feature of disguise, chronicity and nonreversibility.According to " mutation rate " toxicological evaluation, heavy metal is only second to pesticide and accounts for second in all contaminants matter, the heavy metal that the enters water body again overwhelming majority is promptly transferred in sediment or suspension, and suspension also can change gradually sediment in by potamic transport process.Sediment has become carrier and " accumulating storehouse " of heavy metal contaminants.The bio-toxicity of water body deposit heavy metal or ecological risk are one of hot issues of current water environment heavy metal research.The potential ecological risk assessment (Potentialeco-logicalriskindex) that current method mainly adopts Sweden scholar to propose for 1980 is evaluated heavy metal pollution.The method is mainly assessment potential hazard, and needs a large amount of basic datas to support.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of easy to operate, intuitive display, highly sensitive, be convenient to carry out on-site supervision to method that in water body deposit, Heavy Metal Ecological toxicity is evaluated.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of as follows to the method that in water body deposit, Heavy Metal Ecological toxicity is evaluated: to be that Japan thorn clam worm Neanthesjaponica is as biological subject using a kind of clam worm; Sediment is carried out to high-temperature baking, remove peculiar smell; Sediment exposure concentrations gradient is set, sediment after high-temperature baking is mixed with clean soil and add water and regulate after water percentage to 70%～80%, be put in glass container and test, spatial division in glass container becomes left and right two parts, wherein in a part of space, stacking sediment (is the potpourri of sediment and clean soil, hereinafter to be referred as sediment), in another part space, stack and do not pollute other medium (as cobble, silt or beaded glass etc.) that is applicable to again clam worm life; In sediment in each glass container, place the clam worm of some, under certain temperature of clam worm existence, salinity test condition, test being applicable to; Clam worm exposes after certain hour in heavy metal pollution sediment, calculate clam worm under the different sediment exposure concentrations of every group of sample and from sediment, escape the number of individuals in other media stack, set up clam worm and walk quickly and keep away the dose-effect relationship equation between rate and sediment exposure concentrations; And calculate half according to above-mentioned equation and walk quickly and keep away rate LC
50(causing the sediment exposure concentrations that the clam worm of half is walked quickly and kept away), with LC
50the bio-toxicity size of the size assessment Heavy Metal In Sediments of value.
Be applicable to the environment temperature of Japan's thorn clam worm existence generally at 1～35 ℃, salinity is 0.1～3.7%, can in above-mentioned scope, select certain temperature, salinity test condition to test, generally, 23～27 ℃ of the highest temperature ranges of clam worm survival rate, in salinity range 2～3%, select a specific temperature, Variation of Salinity Condition as better test condition.
Preferred version, a kind of to the method that in water body deposit, Heavy Metal Ecological toxicity is evaluated, specifically implement as follows:
(1) choosing of biological subject (clam worm)
Selecting weight in wet base is that clam worm (Neanthesjaponica) is stung as biological subject by 400-500mg and the Japan that need to just can become clam worm allosome (being sexal maturity clam worm) for about 2 months.
(2) sediment pre-treatment
To heavy metal pollution sediment high-temperature baking 30min at 180 ℃, guarantee that sediment does not have peculiar smell, by the organism in High-temperature Digestion sediment.
(3) sediment exposure concentrations gradient is set
By (0g, 50g, 100g, 150g, 200g, 250g, heavy metal pollution sediment 300g) respectively with (1000g, 950g, 900g, 850g, 800g, 750g, clean soil 700g) mixes, add distilled water to regulate sediment water percentage to 70%～80%, be positioned over and be of a size of 20cm × 20cm × 20cm(length × wide × height) half 10cm × 20cm × 20cm(length × wide × height of glass container) in space, second half 10cm × 20cm × 20cm(length × wide × height) stack cobble in space, cobble diameter is the best of 1～3 centimetre, the height basic identical (equally high) that in container, sedimental height is piled with cobble, be about 1/3～1/2 of container height.Clam worm is in 10 as one group sediment that is assigned randomly to different exposure concentrations, and each sample does 3 groups of parallel experiments.
(4) test condition being set tests
The environment of laboratory cultures is that 25 ± 1 ℃, salinity are 3%, dark and the each 12h of illumination, DO >=6mg/L.Be that the fish glue powder of 1g feed clam worm to respectively adding dry weight in the sediment in each culture vessel and these two parts of cobble every day.
(5) test data analyzer
Clam worm exposes after 2h, 24h in heavy metal pollution sediment, calculate clam worm under the different sediment exposure concentrations of every group of sample and from sediment, escape the number of individuals in cobble heap, set up clam worm and walk quickly and keep away the dose-effect relationship equation between rate and sediment exposure concentrations; And calculate half according to above-mentioned equation and walk quickly and keep away rate LC
50value, with LC
50the bio-toxicity size of the size assessment Heavy Metal In Sediments of value.
In said method, step (1) and the commutative order of step (2) or carry out simultaneously.
Select test glass container to be of a size of 20cm × 20cm × 20cm, can guarantee that sediment fully exposes, and guarantee that oxygen-supplying amount is enough.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention is a kind of to method that in water body deposit, Heavy Metal Ecological toxicity is evaluated, be a kind of ecotoxicity assessment method of the bio-toxicity of test organism being set up based on water environment heavy metal, have highly sensitive, easy to operate, intuitive display, is convenient to carry out the advantages such as on-site supervision; The method has been simulated the poisonous effect of Heavy Metal In Sediments to canonical biometric in environment under physical environment, and experimental result objective reality, can complement one another with potential ecological risk assessment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the dose-effect relationship figure that embodiment 1 Yang Sheng river-moon Pu sediment and clam worm are walked quickly and kept away effect (2h);
Fig. 2 is the dose-effect relationship figure that embodiment 1 Yang Sheng river-moon Pu sediment and clam worm are walked quickly and kept away effect (24h);
Fig. 3 is the dose-effect relationship figure that embodiment 2 river-south gate, Pu, shallow lake bridge sediments and clam worm are walked quickly and kept away effect (2h);
Fig. 4 is the dose-effect relationship figure that embodiment 2 river-south gate, Pu, shallow lake bridge sediments and clam worm are walked quickly and kept away effect (24h);
Fig. 5 is the dose-effect relationship figure that embodiment 3 Yun Zaobang-Shanghai Tai Lu sediment and clam worm are walked quickly and kept away effect (2h);
Fig. 6 is the dose-effect relationship figure that embodiment 3 Yun Zaobang-Shanghai Tai Lu sediment and clam worm are walked quickly and kept away effect (24h).
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is further detailed explanation.These embodiment implement under take technical solution of the present invention as prerequisite, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention are not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1 clam worm is exposed to the effect test of walking quickly and keeping away under Yang Shenghe-moon Pu Sediment environment
One, test procedure:
1, selecting weight in wet base is that clam worm (Neanthesjaponica) is stung as biological subject by 400-500mg and the Japan that need to just can become clam worm allosome (being sexal maturity clam worm) for about 2 months.
2, to heavy metal pollution sediment high-temperature baking 30min at 180 ℃, guarantee that sediment does not have peculiar smell.
3, by (0g, 50g, 100g, 150g, 200g, 250g, heavy metal pollution sediment 300g) respectively with (1000g, 950g, 900g, 850g, 800g, 750g, clean soil 700g) mixes, add distilled water to regulate sediment water percentage to 70%～80%, be positioned over and be of a size of 20cm × 20cm × 20cm(length × wide × height) half 10cm × 20cm × 20cm(length × wide × height of glass container) in space, second half 10cm × 20cm × 20cm(length × wide × height) space stacking cobble, cobble diameter is at 1～3 centimetre, in container, the height of sedimental height and cobble heap is basic identical, be about 1/3 of container height.Clam worm is in 10 as one group sediment that is assigned randomly to different exposure concentrations, and each sample does 3 groups of parallel experiments.
4, carry out laboratory cultures, culture environment is that 25 ± 1 ℃, salinity are 3%, dark and the each 12h of illumination, DO >=6mg/L.Be that the fish glue powder of 1g feed clam worm to respectively adding dry weight in the sediment in each culture vessel and these two parts of cobble every day.
5, test data analyzer:
Clam worm exposes after 2h, 24h in heavy metal pollution sediment, calculate clam worm under the different sediment exposure concentrations of every group of sample and from sediment, escape the number of individuals in cobble heap, set up clam worm and walk quickly and keep away the dose-effect relationship equation between rate and sediment exposure concentrations; And calculate half according to above-mentioned equation and walk quickly and keep away rate LC
50value, with LC
50the bio-toxicity size of the size assessment Heavy Metal In Sediments of value.
Two, test findings:
Along with the rising of sediment addition proportion (being sediment exposure concentrations), the rate of walking quickly and keeping away of clam worm increases gradually, presents obvious dose-effect relationship between the two; Under same deposition thing exposure concentrations is processed, along with open-assembly time extends, the rate of walking quickly and keeping away of clam worm increases gradually, but LC
50reduce along with the prolongation of sediment open-assembly time.
Clam worm expose 2h walk quickly and keep away rate (y) and Yang Shenghe-moon Pu sediment exposure concentrations linear between (x), and meet equation: Y=0.0005X
2+ 0.2648X, R
2=0.9921.According to above-mentioned equation, the theoretical L C of the acute toxicity test of sediment to clam worm 2h
50for 147.65gkg
-1.(see figure 1)
Clam worm exposes 24h, and to walk quickly and keep away rate (y) and sediment exposure concentrations linear between (x), and meet equation: Y=0.0003X
2+ 0.3441X, R
2=0.9843.According to above-mentioned equation, the theoretical L C of the acute toxicity test of sediment to clam worm 24h
50for 130.47gkg
-1.(see figure 2)
Embodiment 2 clam worms are exposed to the effect test of walking quickly and keeping away under the bridge Sediment environment of river-south gate, Pu, shallow lake
One, test procedure:
In container, the height of sedimental height and cobble heap is about 1/2 of container height, and all the other are with embodiment 1.
Two, test findings:
Along with the rising of sediment addition proportion (being sediment exposure concentrations), the rate of walking quickly and keeping away of clam worm increases gradually, presents obvious dose-effect relationship between the two; Under same deposition thing exposure concentrations is processed, along with open-assembly time extends, the rate of walking quickly and keeping away of clam worm increases gradually, but LC
50reduce along with the prolongation of sediment open-assembly time.
Clam worm exposes 2h, and to walk quickly and keep away rate (y) and river-south gate, Pu, shallow lake bridge sediment exposure concentrations linear between (x), and meet equation: Y=0.0007X
2+ 0.2326X, R
2=0.9914.According to above-mentioned equation, the theoretical L C of the acute toxicity test of sediment to clam worm 2h
50for 148.21gkg
-1.(see figure 3)
Clam worm exposes 24h, and to walk quickly and keep away rate (y) and sediment exposure concentrations linear between (x), and meet equation: Y=0.0006X
2+ 0.2721X, R
2=0.9814.According to above-mentioned equation, the theoretical L C of the acute toxicity test of sediment to clam worm 24h
50for 140.33gkg
-1.(see figure 4)
Embodiment 3 clam worms are exposed to the effect test of walking quickly and keeping away under the Tai Lu Sediment environment of Yun Zaobang-Shanghai
One, test procedure:
In container, the height of sedimental height and cobble heap is about 2/5 of container height, and all the other are with embodiment 1.
Two, test findings:
Along with the rising of sediment addition proportion (being sediment exposure concentrations), the rate of walking quickly and keeping away of clam worm increases gradually, presents obvious dose-effect relationship between the two; Under same deposition thing exposure concentrations is processed, along with open-assembly time extends, the rate of walking quickly and keeping away of clam worm increases gradually, but LC
50reduce along with the prolongation of sediment open-assembly time.
Clam worm exposes 2h, and to walk quickly and keep away rate (y) and Yun Zaobang-Shanghai Tai Lu sediment exposure concentrations linear between (x), and meet equation: Y=0.0009X
2+ 0.1863X, R
2=0.9924.According to above-mentioned equation, the theoretical L C of the acute toxicity test of sediment to clam worm 2h
50for 153.93gkg
-1.(see figure 5)
Clam worm exposes 24h, and to walk quickly and keep away rate (y) and sediment exposure concentrations linear between (x), and meet equation: Y=0.0008X
2+ 0.2248X, R
2=0.9846.According to above-mentioned equation, the theoretical L C of the acute toxicity test of sediment to clam worm 24h
50for 146.28gkg
-1.(see figure 6)
Claims (10)
1. to the method that in water body deposit, Heavy Metal Ecological toxicity is evaluated, it is characterized in that, is that Japan thorn clam worm Neanthesjaponica is as biological subject using a kind of clam worm; Sediment is carried out to high-temperature baking, remove peculiar smell; Sediment exposure concentrations gradient is set, sediment after high-temperature baking is mixed with clean soil and add water and regulate after water percentage to 70%～80%, be put in glass container and test, spatial division in glass container becomes left and right two parts, wherein in a part of space, stack sediment, in another part space, stack other medium that does not have pollution to be applicable to again clam worm life and comprise cobble, silt or beaded glass; In sediment in each glass container, place the clam worm of some, under certain temperature of clam worm existence, salinity test condition, test being applicable to; Clam worm exposes after certain hour in heavy metal pollution sediment, calculate clam worm under the different sediment exposure concentrations of every group of sample and from sediment, escape the number of individuals in other media stack, set up clam worm and walk quickly and keep away the dose-effect relationship equation between rate and sediment exposure concentrations; And calculate half according to above-mentioned equation and walk quickly and keep away rate LC
50, with LC
50the bio-toxicity size of the size assessment Heavy Metal In Sediments of value.
2. according to claim 1 the method that in water body deposit, Heavy Metal Ecological toxicity is evaluated be is characterized in that, specifically carries out as follows:
(1) choosing of biological subject
Selecting weight in wet base is that clam worm Neanthesjaponica stings as biological subject in 400-500mg and the Japan that need to just can become clam worm allosome for about 2 months;
(2) sediment pre-treatment
Heavy metal pollution sediment is carried out to high-temperature baking, guarantee that sediment does not have peculiar smell;
(3) sediment exposure concentrations gradient is set
Sediment exposure concentrations gradient is set, heavy metal pollution sediment is mixed with clean soil, add distilled water to regulate sediment water percentage to 70%～80%, be positioned in a semispace of glass container, in second half space, stack cobble; By clam worm, in several as one group sediment that is assigned randomly to different exposure concentrations, each sample does several groups of parallel experiments;
(4) test condition being set tests
23～27 ℃ of temperature, in salinity 2～3% scopes, select a specific temperature, salinity as laboratory cultures environmental baseline, under this condition, test;
(5) test data analyzer
Clam worm exposed after several hours in heavy metal pollution sediment, calculate clam worm under the different sediment exposure concentrations of every group of sample and from sediment, escape the number of individuals in cobble heap, set up clam worm and walk quickly and keep away the dose-effect relationship equation between rate and sediment exposure concentrations; And calculate half according to above-mentioned equation and walk quickly and keep away rate LC
50value, with LC
50the bio-toxicity size of the size assessment Heavy Metal In Sediments of value.
3. according to claim 2 the method that in water body deposit, Heavy Metal Ecological toxicity is evaluated be is characterized in that, in said method, step (1) and the commutative order of step (2) or carry out simultaneously.
According to described in claim 2 or 3 to the method that in water body deposit, Heavy Metal Ecological toxicity is evaluated, it is characterized in that, in step (2), to heavy metal pollution sediment high-temperature baking 30min at 180 ℃, guarantee that sediment does not have peculiar smell.
5. according to claim 4 to method that in water body deposit, Heavy Metal Ecological toxicity is evaluated, it is characterized in that, described in step (3) sediment exposure concentrations gradient is set, refer to 0g, 50g, 100g, 150g, 200g, 250g, the heavy metal pollution sediment of 300g respectively with 1000g, 950g, 900g, 850g, 800g, 750g, the clean soil of 700g mixes, add distilled water to regulate sediment water percentage to 70%～80%, be positioned in half 10cm × 20cm × 20cm space of the glass container that is of a size of 20cm × 20cm × 20cm, cobble is stacked in second half 10cm × 20cm × 20cm space, in container, sedimental height is identical with the height of cobble heap, for 1/3～1/2 of container height.
6. according to claim 5 to method that in water body deposit, Heavy Metal Ecological toxicity is evaluated, it is characterized in that, clam worm is in 10 as one group sediment that is assigned randomly to different exposure concentrations in step (3), and each sample does 3 groups of parallel experiments.
7. according to claim 6 the method that in water body deposit, Heavy Metal Ecological toxicity is evaluated be is characterized in that, described in step (3), cobble diameter is at 1～3 centimetre.
8. according to claim 7 to method that in water body deposit, Heavy Metal Ecological toxicity is evaluated, it is characterized in that, the laboratory cultures environment described in step (4) is that 25 ± 1 ℃, salinity are 3%, dark and the each 12h of illumination, DO >=6mg/L.
9. according to claim 8 to method that in water body deposit, Heavy Metal Ecological toxicity is evaluated, it is characterized in that, in step (4) in process of the test, be that the fish glue powder of 1g feed clam worm to respectively adding dry weight in the sediment in each culture vessel and these two parts of cobble every day.
10. according to claim 9 to method that in water body deposit, Heavy Metal Ecological toxicity is evaluated, it is characterized in that, in step (5), clam worm exposes after 2h, 24h in heavy metal pollution sediment, calculate the number of individuals that under the different sediment exposure concentrations of every group of sample, clam worm is walked quickly and kept away, set up clam worm and walk quickly and keep away the dose-effect relationship equation between rate and sediment exposure concentrations.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN105069315A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-11-18 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Metal shape and validity based aquatic toxicity prediction method |
| CN106771020A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2017-05-31 | 南开大学 | A kind of test method for studying Huo Fu water silk earthworm toxicity in sediment-water body |
| CN110135714A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-16 | 清华大学 | A kind of integrated evaluating method in river, lake sediment Heavy Metal Ecological risk of toxicity |
| CN110376032A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-10-25 | 东南大学 | A kind of immobilization deposit and its preparation method and application |
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| CN102344200A (en) * | 2011-07-11 | 2012-02-08 | 大连海洋大学 | In-situ bioremediation method of marine pollutant sedimentary environment |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105069315A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-11-18 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Metal shape and validity based aquatic toxicity prediction method |
| CN106771020A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2017-05-31 | 南开大学 | A kind of test method for studying Huo Fu water silk earthworm toxicity in sediment-water body |
| CN110135714A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-16 | 清华大学 | A kind of integrated evaluating method in river, lake sediment Heavy Metal Ecological risk of toxicity |
| CN110135714B (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2021-07-13 | 清华大学 | Comprehensive evaluation method for heavy metal ecotoxicity risk of river and lake sediments |
| CN110376032A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-10-25 | 东南大学 | A kind of immobilization deposit and its preparation method and application |
| CN110376032B (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2022-01-28 | 东南大学 | Immobilized sediment and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN103776969B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
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