CN102237349A - 发光装置 - Google Patents

发光装置 Download PDF

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CN102237349A
CN102237349A CN201010257692XA CN201010257692A CN102237349A CN 102237349 A CN102237349 A CN 102237349A CN 201010257692X A CN201010257692X A CN 201010257692XA CN 201010257692 A CN201010257692 A CN 201010257692A CN 102237349 A CN102237349 A CN 102237349A
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light
conducting shell
emitting device
patterning
wafer
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CN102237349B (zh
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周锡烟
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Epistar Corp
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Intematix Technology Center Corp
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Abstract

一种发光装置,其包含:多个发光晶片,用以支撑上述这些发光晶片的基板,位于上述的基板上的图案化第一传导层,上述的图案化第一传导用以其增进上述这些发光晶片所发射的光线的辐射与反射,以及位于上述的图案化第一传导层上的图案化第二传导层,其中上述的这些发光晶片设置于上述的图案化第二传导层上。

Description

发光装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种光电装置,尤其涉及一种发光装置。
背景技术
发光装置包含排列在基板上的发光单元,在发光单元与基板之间具有传导层以传导电力,因而致动发光单元。此外,传导层包含分隔的区域,以将发光单元与传导布线固定于其上。同时,传导层反射发光单元所发出的光束,其如下所讨论。
图1是该领域中公知的发光装置100的平面示意图。参照图1,发光装置100包含基板10、固晶区11和基板10上所定义的打线区12、以及图案化传导层13。图案化传导层13包含了在固晶区11中的第一垫体131、以及在打线区12中的第二垫体132。至少有一晶片(chip)或晶粒(die)18作为发光装置100的发光单元,其贴附至第一垫体131,且彼此电性互连、或由布线17电耦合至第二垫体132,以与外部电路进行电连接。
一般而言,图案化传导层13的第一与第二垫体131、132由金(Au)或银(Ag)所形成。就晶粒贴附与布线接合而言,金(Au)具有良好的接合可靠度;然而,在可见光光谱上Au无法提供高反射性。相比较之下,银(Ag)在可见光的所有光谱中都具有相对较高的反射性;然而Ag会硫化,其对反射性产生不良影响。此外,Ag也会面临迁移(migration)问题,其会导致发光装置100中短路。
因此需要一种具有可靠的接合能力与持久的反射性的发光装置。
发明内容
本发明的实施例提供了一种发光装置,其包含基板,位于所述基板上的图案化第一传导层,其中所述图案化第一传导层是由铝(Al)所形成,位于所述图案化第一传导层上的图案化第二传导层,其中所述图案化第二传导层是由选自金(Au)与银(Ag)的其中一者的材料所形成,以及位于所述图案化第一传导层上的反射层,所述反射层暴露出所述图案化第二传导层。
本发明的某些实施例提供一种发光装置,其包含多个发光晶片,基板,其支撑上述这些发光晶片,位于所述基板上的图案化第一传导层,其增进上述这些发光晶片所发射的光线的辐射与反射,以及位于所述图案化第一传导层上的图案化第二传导层,其中上述这些发光晶片设置于所述图案化第二传导层上。
本发明的实施例还提供了一种发光装置,其包含基板,其包含第一区域与第二区域,所述第一区域与所述第二区域彼此紧邻,位于所述第一区域中的多个第一单元,其增进光的辐射与反射,位于所述第二区域中的多个第二单元,其增进光的辐射与反射,在上述这些第一单元上的多个第一垫体,在上述这些第二单元上的多个第二垫体,以及在上述这些第一垫体上的多个发光晶片。
于下文的说明中将部份提出本发明的其他特点与优点,而且从该说明中将了解本发明其中一部份,或者通过实施本发明亦可获知。通过随附的申请专利范围中特别列出的元件与组合将可了解且达成本发明的特点与优点。
应该了解的是,上文的概要说明以及下文的详细说明都仅供作例示与解释,其并未限制本文所主张的发明。
附图说明
为让本发明的的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能更明显易懂,下文特举较佳实施例,并配合附图,作详细说明如下。当并同各附图而阅览时,即可更佳了解本发明的前述摘要以及上文详细说明。为达到本发明的说明目的,各附图绘示有现属较佳的各具体实施例。然应了解本发明并不限于所绘示的的精确排置方式及设备装置。
在各附图中:
图1是公知的发光装置的平面示意图;
图2A是根据本发明一实施例的发光装置的平面示意图;
图2B是图2A中所示的发光晶片的透视示意图;
图2C是图2A中所示的发光装置的截面示意图;
图3A是根据本发明另一实施例的发光装置的平面示意图;
图3B是图3A中所示的发光晶片的透视示意图;
图3C是图3A中所示的发光装置的截面示意图;
图4A是根据本发明的次一实施例的发光装置的平面示意图;
图4B是图4A中所示的发光装置的截面示意图;
图5A是根据本发明又一实施例的发光装置的平面示意图;以及
图5B是图5A中所示的发光装置的截面示意图。
主要元件标记说明
10 基板
11 固晶区
12 打线区
13 图案化传导层
17 布线
18 晶片或晶粒
20 基板
21 第一区域
22 第二区域
23 图案化第一传导层
24 图案化第二传导层
26 绝缘层
27 布线
28 晶片
28-1 示例性的晶片
30 反射区域
33 反射层
37 布线
38 晶片
38-1 示例性的晶片
100 发光装置
131 第一垫体
132 第二垫体
200 发光装置
231 第一反射单元
232 第二反射单元
241 第一垫体
242 第二垫体
280 基板
281 n型掺杂层
282 p型掺杂层
283 主动层
287 未掺杂层
288 传导涂层
291 第一电极
292 第二电极
300 发光装置
381 n型掺杂层
382 p型掺杂层
383 主动层
385 反射层
386 附加的传导层
390 点
391 第一电极
392 传导基座(或”第二电极”)
400 发光装置
500 发光装置
具体实施方式
现详细参照附图中所描述的本发明实施例。尽其可能,所有附图中将依相同附图标记以代表相同或类似的部件。应知附图是以极度简化形式所绘制,其并不代表精确的尺寸大小。
图2A是根据本发明一实施例的发光装置200的平面示意图。参照图2A,发光装置200包含基板20、位于该基板20上的图案化第一传导层23、位于该图案化第一传导层23上的图案化第二传导层24、以及位于该图案化第二传导层24上的多个发光晶粒或晶片28。
基板20作为支撑发光晶片28的基座或载体。在一实施例中,基板20包含、但不限于印刷电路板(Printed Circuit Board,PCB)、或导线架(LeadFrame),且其是由选自硅、陶瓷、防火材(Flame Retardant 4,FR4)、玻璃与金属中之一或多个材料所形成。
图案化第一传导层23是由具有预定或相对较高反射率的材料所形成。该预定反射率足够高以增进发光装置200的光的辐射与反射。在根据本发明的一实施例中,图案化第一传导层23包含铝(Al),其反射率为70%以上。此外,图案化第一传导层23包含位于基板20的第一区域21中的多个第一反射单元231、以及位于基板20的第二区域22中的多个第二反射单元232。第一与第二区域21及22彼此紧邻或彼此接触,其共同定义出发光装置200的反射区域。在一实施例中,第二区域22系环绕第一区域21。
图案化第二传导层24是由具有相对可靠接合能力的材料所形成。在根据本发明的一实施例中,图案化第二传导层24系包含金(Au)或银(Ag)。此外,图案化第二传导层24包含位于第一反射单元231上的多个第一垫体241、以及位于第二反射单元232上的多个第二垫体242。第一垫体241可作为与其中一个发光晶片28晶粒贴附的基座;此外,第二垫体242系可作为布线接合的基座。
发光晶片28可包含发光二极体(Light Emitting Diode,LED)或雷射二极体(Laser Diode,LD),且其是于晶粒贴附程序中固定在第一垫体241上。具体而言,各晶片28是利用粘着剂(通常是环氧型传导性粘着剂)、熔焊、熔焊胶或共熔合金(Eutectic Alloy)而固定至对应的第一垫体241中之一个上。此外,部分晶片28是在布线接合程序中经由传导性布线27(例如金线)而与第二垫体242中的至少一个电性连接。
在本实施例中,发光装置200包含排列为阵列的多个晶片28,每一个晶片28是以晶片级封装加以封装。然而在其他实施例中,发光装置200也可包含晶片级封装中的单一晶片,例如LED或LD。
图2B是图2A所示的晶片28的透视示意图。参照图2B,晶片28包含基板280、在基板280上或上方的n型掺杂层281、在n型掺杂层281上方的p型掺杂层282、以及在n型掺杂层281与p型掺杂层282之间的主动层283、位于n型掺杂层281上的第一电极291、以及位于p型掺杂层282上或上方的第二电极292。
晶片28的基板280包含蓝宝石、硅、碳化硅、锗、氧化锌(ZnO)、或砷化镓中之一个,其是依欲沉积的LED层的成分而定。在一实施例中,晶片28包含成长在蓝宝石基板上的氮化镓(GaN)LED。
视情况而定,在基板280上沉积未掺杂层287,其包含未掺杂的GaN。含有n型掺杂GaN的n型掺杂层281是沉积在基板280上(当未存在未掺杂层287时),或在未掺杂层287上(如果存在的话)。
主动层283沉积在n型掺杂层281上,且作为多重量子阱(MultipleQuantum Well,MQW),其中光子产生发生于二极体适当偏压时。电流从第二电极292流经主动层283而至第一电极291。因为电流是侧向流过晶片28,故晶片28被称为“侧向LED”。
包含p型掺杂GaN的p型掺杂层282形成在主动层283上。然而,部分p型掺杂层的传导性是不需要的。因此,视情况而定,可于p型掺杂层282上涂敷一半透明传导涂层288。在一实施例中的传导涂层288包含镍与金的合金(Ni/Au)或氧化铟锡(Indium Tin Oxide,ITO),其作为增进电流散布的接触层。
第一电极291形成于n型掺杂层281上做为外部电性连接之用。此外,第二电极292形成于p型掺杂层282(如果未存在传导涂层288)上、或在传导涂层288(如果有的话)上以作为外部电性连接。
返回参照图2A,晶片28系通过布线27而电性互连,使一晶片(例如示例性晶片28-1)的第一电极291经由布线27而耦合至另一晶片(在本实施例中为次一晶片)的第二电极292,且示例性晶片28-1的第二电极292耦合至另一晶片(在本实施例中为前一晶片)的第一电极291。
图2C是图2A所示的发光装置200的截面示意图。参照图2C,为制造发光装置200,图案化第一传导层23通过适当程序而形成于例如基板20的绝缘层26上,其可包含、但不限于以下中之一个:沉积、溅镀、电镀及无电极电镀程序,后接以蚀刻程序。其次以类似程序而在图案化第一传导层23上形成图案化第二传导层24。发光晶片28接着即通过晶粒贴附程序而贴附至图案化第二传导层24的第一垫体241。接着,晶片28通过布线接合程序而电连接至图案化第二传导层24的第二垫体242上。
发光装置200所辐射的光包含从发光晶片28发出的光、以及图案化第一传导层23所反射的光。图案化第一传导层23的第一反射单元231与第二反射单元232中较高反射性的材料可增进光的辐射与反射,如粗体箭头所示。
图3A根据本发明另一实施例的发光装置300的平面示意图。参照图3A,发光装置300与图2A所示的发光装置200类似,除了以例如“垂直晶片28”来取代侧向晶片28之外。
图3B是图3A所示的发光晶片38的透视示意图。参照图3B,晶片38可包含传导基座392、在传导基座392上或上方的p型掺杂层382、在p型掺杂层382上的n型掺杂层381、位于p型掺杂层382与n型掺杂层381间的主动层383、以及第一电极391。
包含n型GaN、或包含未掺杂GaN与n-GaN的组合的n型掺杂层381沉积于牺牲基板(未示出)上。
作为多重量子阱的主动层383成长于n型掺杂层381上。包含p-GaN的p型掺杂层382沉积在主动层383上。
反射层385可视情况形成在p型掺杂层382上,反射层385避免光子运行超过半导体层381、382与383而至传导基座392中吸收。
传导基座392(其可包含厚金属层)形成于反射层385(如果有的话)上、或在p型掺杂层382上(如未存在反射层385时)。传导基座392作为晶片38的第二电极。因此,电流从第二电极392垂直流经主动层383而至第一电极391。视情况而定,在传导基座392上可再增加一个附加的传导层386,以改善接触电阻与p电极的完整度(integrity)。接着,移除牺牲基板、翻转整体结构,接着在n型掺杂层381上形成第一电极391。
返回参照图3A,晶片38通过布线37而电性互连,使一晶片(例如示例性晶片38-1)的第一电极391通过布线37而耦合至另一晶片(在本实施例中为前一晶片)的第二电极392,且示例性晶片38-1的第二电极392耦合至另一晶片(在本实施例中为次一晶片)的第一电极391。
图3C是图3A所示的发光装置300的截面示意图。参照图3C,使两相邻晶片38电性互连的布线37包含与两晶片38中的一个的第一电极391接合的一端、以及接合至第一垫体241上一点390的另一端,其中该第一垫体241电耦合至两晶片38中另一者的第二电极392。
图4A是根据本发明再一实施例的发光装置400的平面示意图。参照图4A,发光装置400与图2A中所示的发光装置200类似,除了例如反射层33是形成在第一与第二区域21、22所定义的反射区域30中的图案化第一传导层23上之外。
图4B是图4A所示的发光装置400的截面示意图。参照图4B,反射层33通过如涂布程序而形成于图案化第一传导层23上,暴露出图案化第二传导层24的第一垫体241与第二垫体242。反射层33包含相对高反射率的材料。在根据本发明的一实施例中,反射层33包含氧化镁(MgO)与硫酸钡(BaSO2)其中之一者,其反射率达90%以上。此外,当图案化第一传导层23是由铝(Al)所形成时,由MgO或BaSO2组成的反射层33会使发光装置的整体反射率自约70%提升至80%。
虽然以侧向晶片28为实施例加以说明,所属技术领域的技术人员应知发光装置400也可应用于如图3B所示的垂直晶片38。
图5A根据本发明次一实施例的发光装置500的平面示意图。参照图5A,发光装置500与图4A所示的发光装置400相似,除了例如发光装置400中的图案化第一传导层23是经移除之外。
图5B是图5A中所示的发光装置500的截面示意图。参照图5B,图案化第二传导层24形成于绝缘层26上。此外,反射层33形成在绝缘层26上,暴露出图案化第二传导层24的第一与第二垫体241和242。因此,反射层33作为发光装置500的反射区域之用。
虽然是以侧向晶片28为实施例加以说明,但该领域技术人士应知发光装置500也可应用于图3B所示的垂直晶片38。
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例披露如上,然其并非用以限定本发明,任何所属技术领域的技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,当可作些许的更动与改进,因此本发明的保护范围当视权利要求所界定者为准。
另外,在说明本发明的代表性实施例时,本说明书可将本发明的方法及/或程序表示为一特定的步骤次序;不过,由于该方法或程序的范围并不限于本文所提出的特定的步骤次序,故该方法或程序不应受限于所述的特定步骤次序。所属技术领域的技术人员当会了解其它步骤次序也是可行的。所以,不应将本说明书所提出的特定步骤次序视为对申请专利范围的限制。此外,亦不应将有关本发明的方法及/或程序的权利要求仅限制在以书面所载的步骤次序的实施,所属技术领域的技术人员易于了解,上述这些次序亦可加以改变,并且仍涵盖于本发明的精神与范畴之内。

Claims (14)

1.一种发光装置,其特征在于,所述的发光装置包含:
基板;
位于所述的基板上的图案化第一传导层,其中所述的图案化第一传导层是由铝所形成;
位于所述的图案化第一传导层上的图案化第二传导层,其中所述的图案化第二传导层是由选自金与银的其中一者的材料所形成;以及
位于所述的图案化第一传导层上的反射层,所述的反射层暴露出所述的图案化第二传导层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的发光装置,其特征在于,所述的反射层包含选自氧化镁与硫酸钡的其中一者的材料。
3.根据权利要求1所述的发光装置,其特征在于,所述的图案化第一传导层包含位于所述的基板的第一区域中的多个第一单元、以及位于所述的基板的第二区域中的多个第二单元。
4.根据权利要求3所述的发光装置,其特征在于,所述的图案化第二传导层包含位于所述的图案化第一传导层的上述这些第一单元上的多个第一垫体、以及位于所述的图案化第一传导层的上述这些第二单元上的多个第二垫体。
5.根据权利要求4所述的发光装置,其特征在于,所述的发光装置还包含在所述的图案化第二传导层的上述这些第一垫体上的多个发光晶片。
6.根据权利要求5所述的发光装置,其特征在于,上述这些发光晶片的每一者包含发光二极体与雷射二极体的其中之一者。
7.一种发光装置,其特征在于,所述的发光装置包含:
多个发光晶片;
基板,其用以支撑上述这些发光晶片;
位于所述的基板上的图案化第一传导层,其用以增进上述这些发光晶片所发射的光线的辐射与反射;以及
位于所述的图案化第一传导层上的图案化第二传导层,其中上述这些发光晶片设置于所述的图案化第二传导层上。
8.根据权利要求7所述的发光装置,其特征在于,上述这些发光晶片的每一者包含发光二极体与雷射二极体的其中之一者。
9.根据权利要求7所述的发光装置,其特征在于,所述的图案化第一传导层是由铝所形成。
10.根据权利要求7所述的发光装置,其特征在于,所述的图案化第二传导层是由选自金与银的其中一者的材料所形成。
11.根据权利要求7所述的发光装置,其特征在于,其还包含位于所述的图案化第一传导层上的反射层,所述的反射层暴露出所述的图案化第二传导层。
12.根据权利要求11所述的发光装置,其特征在于,所述的反射层包含选自氧化镁与硫酸钡的其中一者的材料。
13.根据权利要求7所述的发光装置,其特征在于,所述的图案化第一传导层包含位于所述的基板的第一区域中的多个第一单元、以及位于所述的基板的第二区域中的多个第二单元。
14.根据权利要求13所述的发光装置,其特征在于,所述的图案化第二传导层包含位于所述的图案化第一传导层的上述这些第一单元上的多个第一垫体、以及位于所述的图案化第一传导层的上述这些第二单元上的多个第二垫体。
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