CN1032334A - Method with organic sludge preparing humic acid phosphorus, potassium and ammonium salt - Google Patents
Method with organic sludge preparing humic acid phosphorus, potassium and ammonium salt Download PDFInfo
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- CN1032334A CN1032334A CN 87101113 CN87101113A CN1032334A CN 1032334 A CN1032334 A CN 1032334A CN 87101113 CN87101113 CN 87101113 CN 87101113 A CN87101113 A CN 87101113A CN 1032334 A CN1032334 A CN 1032334A
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of method with organic sludge preparing humic acid phosphorus, potassium and ammonium salt, belong to the control of environmental pollution and comprehensive utilization technique field, the manufacture method that relates to a kind of organic chemical fertilizer, it be by in organic sludge with addition of additive, after finishing technologies such as bio-transformation and ammonification processing under the specific aerobic conditions of biochemical groove, realize, when organic sludge carried out harmless stabilization treatment, orientation converted it into high-quality and efficient nitrogen, phosphorus, the organic composite chemical fertilizer product of potassium ternary.
Description
The invention of the method for organic sludge preparing humic acid phosphorus, potassium and ammonium salt belongs to the control of environmental pollution and comprehensive utilization technique field, relates to a kind of manufacture method of organic chemical fertilizer.
The processing of organic sludge is ten minutes pain in the neck feelings in the environmental improvement engineering, sees so that the landfill burning disposal is more in America and Europe's developed country.In recent years, the upsurge of studying along with international comprehensive utilization of waste materials starts, people begin to note utilizing organic sludge as the soil nutrient agent, as maximum in the world U.S., Atlantic gelatin industrial of manufacturing of gelatin producer, be shaped on machine fertilizer to produce the method that organic sludge behind the gelatin carries out aerobic composting exactly, mainly be to make raising agent by in mud, adding wood chip, add sulphur simultaneously or Tai-Ace S 150 is made additive, raising agent is treated to separate the back reuse with mesh screen after the fermentation ends, during fermentation reach the purpose of aerobic fermentation to the inner air blast of mud, the blast volume standard is 5～15% with Control for Oxygen Content in piling, later stage is controlled at 13～17% scope, the yeast phase of this method mud needed for three weeks, need stablize in addition some days, the nitrogen phosphorus potassium three total content of this fertilizer is lower than 2.5%, so quality lower (seeing Biocycie Vol.23(1) P.58～60 1982).
The humic acids phosphorus, potassium and ammonium salt is a kind of nitrogen phosphorus potassium ternary organic compound fertilizer of efficient, wide spectrum, is raw material with peat, coal etc. mainly traditionally, makes humic acids after chemical treatment, sneaks into nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer and is composited.Since the restriction of raw material and technology, market supply seldom, the several years, though some are arranged, it is produced humic acids phosphorus, potassium and ammonium salt product as raw material about report with organic sludge system compost, not seeing as yet so far is enough to compellent report.
The present invention utilizes bionic principle, designed the substrate prescription of bio-transformation according to the physicochemical property of organic sludge, and for guiding microorganism with directed reaction environment condition and the control coefficient of formulating that transform of mud, utilize its heat of reaction to keep the pasteurization of a couple of days, utilize in humic acids and ammonium ion and the mud a small amount of heavy metal ion to play complex reaction, make heavy metal stabilization, thereby make organic sludge in 15 days, change into harmless fine humic acids phosphorus, potassium and ammonium salt raw product, carry out degree of depth sterilization and improve the nitrogen content processing through ammonification technology again, make standard compliant organic compound fertilizer product (seeing figure one).
Organic sludge is subjected to himself composition constraint, depend merely on the purpose that condition own and nutrition will be difficult to realize bio-transformation, must before bioconversion reaction, add additive, introduced in mud to ferment behind the additives such as adding the zeolite that contains the silicic acid composition, ore soil as Japanese Patent (JP60-239380) and produced corruption and plant matter, the major function of these additives is to regulate moisture percentage in sewage sludge.The present invention considers from the full nutrition balance of organic sludge biotransformation and product, having screened kind inexpensive, that be easy to get in tens of kinds of pharmaceutical chemicalss is the major ingredient of additive, it is characterized in that additive formulations not only takes the water ratio of regulating mud into account, also take into account the reasonableness of carbon-nitrogen ratio, acid-basicity and the fertilizer ratio of biochemical reaction, as long as additive can drop into biochemical groove reaction after mixing and stirring by weight 1 to 7～10 with organic sludge, the prescription of additive is (weight %):
Backflow bacterial classification material 5～10%, calcium superphosphate 50～55%,
Dried plant fiber powder (by aperture 15MM mesh screen) 20～25%,
Repone K 20～25%;
Dried plant fiber powder can be with producing after dried leaf, hay and the dry grinding of plant straw.
The present invention has selected the method for bacterial classification material backflow for use, the cycle that can reduce bio-transformation effectively in order to shorten the microorganism rising stage of bio-transformation.And the bacterial classification material that generally do not reflux in traditional method.Or select the slaking substrate after similar biochemical reaction finishes to make the material that refluxes, experimental results show that the defective of these two kinds of methods, the bacterial classification material that do not reflux just must utilize the microorganism of original a small amount of counterpart in the mud, make it become the main body microorganism of bio-transformation, then need long adaptive phase and quantity rising stage, this generally is more time taking; And the return ripening material is made bacterial classification, because most organic matter degradation bacteria of grog is withered away, is all uncomfortable cooperation bacterial classification of quantity or quality material then.By a large amount of experiment screenings, the present invention adopts the method with the bacterial classification material backflow of temperature phase in the normal fermentation, peak temperature, reaction reached more than three days to it is characterized in that selecting similar sludge organism to transform excessively, existing temperature is that 40～45 ℃ substrate is the bacterial classification material, microorganism active on this kind substrate is the strongest, and colony number is maximum.
Biotransformation of the present invention can carry out in enclosed reaction vessel, also can in the big biochemical groove that opens wide, react, but mud can distribute the intensive foul smell in the biotransformation, the composition of foul smell mainly is an ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and hydrocarbon gas, simultaneously, the top layer how the peaceful chirp send deceive chaff control ⑸ mace wood hold high up rooms at the sides of or facing the principal rooms institute hold high up on the way the fine and soft virtuous locust in the abundant of Tai box an ancient unit of weight equal to 20 or 24 *taels of silver pool let down deceive the stunned how silent ditch of peaceful wish postscript an ancient measure return make a noise persimmon person of outstanding talent 3＜ how peaceful the inferior beginning border distracted source Zhu's whore billy goat Yin mortar of words that mounts control the heart of a lotus seed and favore with the abundant of the chessboard Ju of the institute P edge curtain that jumps and how to wait upon the elaborate Zhan Jing of fried twisted dough sticks Chuo P60-260488 patent to ripples Qi grain an ancient pot Ni brightness magpie.The present invention has solved this two problems with easy method, it is characterized in that the physical adsorbability that has according to the humic acids compound, select the similar bio-transformation mud after the slaking for use, with phosphoric acid or other acid it is acidified to slightly acidic, again after the drying and crushing as topped material at reaction mud top layer topped one deck, not only can prevent odor pollution effectively, solved mud and seen light and peroxide problem, also adsorb valuable ammonia, avoided nitrogen loss.
Biotransformation of the present invention, mainly be to rely on aerobic bacteria and amphimicrobe in the substrate to realize, therefore not only need the nutrition of substrate reasonable, and to set up the breathing source that a microorganism depends on for existence, in this particular environment of organic sludge, the breathing source of microorganism must be set up by artificial, because cross when hanging down when oxygen-supplying amount, only amphimicrobe can be survived, and oxygen supply can suppress the activity of amphimicrobe when excessive.Traditional sludge composting technology is generally only emphasized the effect of aerobic bacteria, and ignores the function of amphimicrobe, thus mostly be continuous, excessive air blast, so its biochemical reaction phase is longer, daily running expense is higher.Viewpoint from oxygen, mud material balance, calculating by the bio-transformation oxygen requirement, the present invention determines to adopt the method for air blast at regular time and quantity, to keep the optimum Working that sludge organism transforms, it is characterized in that during bioconversion reaction, every 24 hours to the substrate air blast once, continue 3～5 hours, blast volume is 8～16m at every turn
3(wind)/hrm
3(substrate)
About the slaking index after the organic sludge bio-transformation, There are many different versions of a story in many compost inventions, and rule of thumb to react fate surely and to judge the mud appearance character for seeing more, reaction has carried out just thinking in 30～40 days that reaction finishes; Some is reference frame with some laboratory indexes then, has introduced with check " sulfide method " and to survey " soluble nitrogen method " be slaking foundation (Compost Science in May, 1978～6 monthly magazine) as the Ai Buhadeshibuwen of Germany.Aforesaid method or thicker hot-tempered arbitrary decision or bother time-consumingly, can not directly reflect rapidly the characteristic of slaking to it is considered herein that the principal reaction of the biotransformation of organic sludge is as follows in big industrial production:
The reaction substrate self-heating is exergonic reflection during organic matter degradation in the substrate, can find out the degree (seeing figure two) of sludge stabilizing from the substrate well-defined reaction temp curve.So the transforming degree of organic sludge can be estimated from the size of substrate heat output.Obviously, when substrate through normal reaction when continuous three days of temperature is near room temperature more than five days, illustrate that its bioconversion reaction finishes, thereby there is not energy to discharge, in view of the above, the present invention propose with single parameter as the specific indexes of estimating the substrate reactions degree and finishing, it is characterized in that with the temperature value of substrate reactions as control with estimate unique parameter of organic sludge bio-transformation situation, this is simplified with regard to making problem, only needs a temperature controller just can determine the degree of substrate reactions; Simultaneously, for the wrong diagnosis that prevents to cause owing to ill bio-transformation, as anoxic, sneak into cooling that toxic substance causes etc., the present invention also is aided with the reference index (seeing figure two) that simple pH value transforms as sludge organism, because morbid state causes cooling, can be accompanied by organic acid concentration and rise, make the substrate pH value less than 7.0, and the substrate pH value after the stabilization must be greater than 7.0.
Biotransformation is through self pasteurization and biochemical reaction of a couple of days, basically organic sludge is changed into harmless stable humic acids compound, but as a kind of ternary composite chemical fertilizer, the product of this moment is underproof, show that mainly nitrogen content is on the low side, the unfavorable product long storage of remaining bacterium that remains etc., so, the present invention requires after bio-transformation finishes, the slaking substrate is carried out ammonification to be handled, it is characterized in that utilizing the high density ammonium ion to kill remaining bacterium, further complexation heavy metal ion improves the nitrogen content of product simultaneously, makes product nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium three elements content ratio is reasonable; Ammoniation agent can be with agricultural urea and ammonium salt; the requirement of ammoniation agent consumption is that the nitrogen content of product should be controlled at 5～20%; the process that ammonification is handled is behind grog and the ammoniation agent mix; utilize the ammoniation agent moisture absorption to produce humidity generation aminating reaction; reaction finishes the back material and presses grain through pressing granula machine, and packs after drying.
The present invention has been owing to adopted the bacterial classification and the nutritional additive of reasonable cheapness, makes the additive raising agent effect of having held concurrently, becomes the part participation biotransformation of reaction substrate, and separation screening more not; Owing to adopted rational blast volume and anti-foul smell measure, reaction process just can be finished in a biochemical groove, stir and needn't change the storehouse, avoided secondary pollution; Owing to selected rationally simple controlled variable, the evaluation of biochemical reaction is simplified, and needn't does a large amount of chemical examinations and prolong the reaction times; Because product is a high-quality ternary composite organic fertilizer, and economic benefit is greatly improved, and must as compost, not be product storage and market worry; Because the appropriate design of above-mentioned each side shortens in 15 days the bio-transformation cycle and finishes, and needn't be as the similar reaction of compost, the cycle reaches 30～40 days, thereby has significantly reduced daily running expense.
Technology of the present invention and uncomplicated is implemented than being easier to, and facility investment is lower, and economic benefit is very high.Can continue a sludge treatment workshop in big municipal wastewater treatment plant or bigger factory, the stock-farms of organic sludge generation, adopt technology tissue of the present invention production, can become industrial raw material to reluctant organic sludge in the past, both solve pollution problem, increase economic benefit again; Also can set up a tame centralized treatment plant near mud produces the factory district of concentrating, be each factory and office's reason organic sludge with compensation, and mud becomes the raw materials for production of this factory, one action two, economic benefit is highly significant undoubtedly.In a word, enforcement of the present invention will obtain fairly obvious environmental benefit, social benefit and economic benefit.
Embodiment 1
Raw material: the cloudy well of municipal sewage system is drawn and is got mud
Additive (weight %): bacterial classification material 5%, dried Chinese parasol leaf powder 25%,
Calcium superphosphate 50%, Repone K 20%,
The bacterial classification material is taken from the similar substrate that reacts when existing temperature was 40 ℃ in back the 5th day of active sludge; Calcium superphosphate and Repone K are the stdn fertilizer product;
Additive and mud are 1 to 7 after stirrer is mixed thoroughly with weight ratio, pour in the biochemical groove of rectangle, the default vent-pipe in bottom, and thick, the similar reaction slaking of the active sludge material (being acidified to slightly acidic with phosphoric acid) through pulverizing of the topped 3cm in substrate top layer is with 10m
3(wind)/hrm
3The air quantity of (substrate) is continuously to the inner air blast of substrate 4 hours, pressed this air quantity air blast once every 24 hours during the bio-transformation, substrate was gone into groove second day, and temperature just rises to 52 ℃ from 26 ℃, reaches 60 ℃ on the 3rd day, the fate that is higher than 50 ℃ is 4 days, reduced to 32 ℃ on the 8th day, kept about 30 ℃ three days, pH value is 7.5～8.0, do ammonification after biological conversion in the 12 day finishes and handle every m
3Substrate adds 100 kilograms of ammonium nitrate fertilizers, reacts after one hour, presses grain to be shaped material, again with packing after the steam drying.
Embodiment 2:
Raw material: the mixed ight soil mud of stock-farms chicken, duck and pig.
Additive (weight %): bacterial classification material 30%, dried rice barley seeding food 30%,
Potassium primary phosphate 40%,
The bacterial classification material is taken from the similar reaction of active sludge back the 4th day, and existing temperature is 43 ℃ a substrate; Potassium primary phosphate is the stdn fertilizer product;
Additive and mud are that 1 to 10 ratio is poured into after manually mixing thoroughly in the biochemical groove of rectangle, the default vent-pipe in bottom with weight ratio, have strong excrement foul smell this moment, and promptly thick at the topped 5cm in substrate top layer, the similar reaction grog of active sludge (being acidified to slightly acidic with phosphoric acid) through pulverizing is with 16m
3(wind)/hrm
3The air quantity continuous blast of (substrate) 3 hours, pressed this air quantity air blast once every 24 hours during the bio-transformation, substrate is gone into the 18th hour temperature of groove and is just risen to 52 ℃ from 32 ℃ and rose to 65 ℃ on the 4th day, the fate that is higher than 50 ℃ reaches five days, be cooled to 35 ℃ on the 7th day, kept about 30 ℃ three days, pH value is 7.5～8.0, do ammonification after biological conversion in the tenth day finishes and handle every m
3Substrate adds 150 kilograms of agricultural ammonium bicarbonate chemical fertilizer, reacts after one hour and finishes, and presses grain to be shaped material, packs after the warm air drying.
Embodiment 3:
Raw material: the residual active sludge of municipal wastewater treatment plant.
Additive (weight %): bacterial classification material 30%, dry rice straw, corn straw powder 35%,
Potassium primary phosphate 35%,
The bacterial classification material is taken from the similar reaction of chicken manure mud back the 5th day, the substrate when existing temperature is 45 ℃; Potassium primary phosphate is the stdn fertilizer product;
Additive is poured in the biochemical groove of rectangle, the default vent-pipe in bottom after stirrer is mixed thoroughly with the weight ratio of mud with 1 to 9 ratio, the topped 4cm in substrate top layer is thick, the similar reaction slaking of the chicken manure mud material through pulverizing (with sulfuric acid acidation to slightly acidic), with 15m
3(wind)/hrm
3The air quantity of (substrate) is continuously to the inner air blast of substrate 4 hours, pressed this air quantity air blast once every 24 hours during the bio-transformation, substrate was gone into groove second day, and temperature just rises to 55 ℃ from 20 ℃, reaches 60 ℃ on the 3rd day, the fate that is higher than 50 ℃ reaches five days, be cooled to 33 ℃ on the tenth day, kept about 33 ℃ three days, pH value is 7.0～7.5, do ammonification after biological conversion in the 15 day finishes and handle every m
3Substrate adds 80 kilograms of urea fertilizers, reacts after one hour and finishes, and presses grain to be shaped material, with packing after the steam drying.
Claims (6)
1, the present invention is a kind of method with organic sludge preparing humic acid phosphorus, potassium and ammonium salt, it be by in organic sludge with addition of additive, insert that biochemical groove carries out realizing after the technologies such as aerobiont conversion, it is characterized in that:
In organic sludge, allocate the nutritional additive of quantitatively forming before a, the bio-transformation into by bacterial classification material, plant fiber powder, phosphoric acid salt and sylvite;
B, substrate are inserted before biochemical groove begins bio-transformation, the topped slightly acidic adsorption layer on the top layer;
During c, the bio-transformation, at regular time and quantity to the inner air blast of substrate;
D, with the temperature value of the biochemical heating of substrate and pH value specific evaluation index as biotransformation and end;
E, carry out ammonification and handle finishing organic sludge after the bio-transformation.
2, as the described nutritional additive of forming by bacterial classification material, plant fiber powder, phosphoric acid salt and sylvite of right 1-a, it is characterized in that the additive and the weight proportion of mud are 1 to 7～10, additive formulations is (weight %):
Bacterial classification material 5～10%
Calcium superphosphate 50～55%
Repone K 20～25%
Dried plant fiber powder (by the mesh screen of aperture 15MM) 20～25%
3,, it is characterized in that wherein bacterial classification material takes from similar organic sludge bio-transformation normal reaction more than three days, the existing substrate of temperature in the time of 40～45 ℃ as right 1-a or the right 2 described nutritional additives of forming by bacterial classification material, plant fiber powder, phosphoric acid salt and sylvite;
4, as the described slightly acidic adsorption layer of right 1-b, the substrate after it is characterized in that finishing with similar organic sludge bio-transformation, slightly acidic and broken mummification make through being acidified to;
5, described as right 1-c at regular time and quantity to the inner air blast of substrate, it is characterized in that during the bio-transformation every air blast in 24 hours once continuing 3-5 hour at every turn, blast volume is 8～16m
3(wind)/hrm
3(substrate);
6, the organic sludge of finishing bio-transformation is done ammonification handle as right 1-e is described, it is characterized in that adding ammonium salt in the organic sludge of slaking or urea is made ammoniation agent, its consumption is to be controlled in 5～20% the standard according to the product nitrogen content to decide.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87101113 CN1032334A (en) | 1987-10-09 | 1987-10-09 | Method with organic sludge preparing humic acid phosphorus, potassium and ammonium salt |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87101113 CN1032334A (en) | 1987-10-09 | 1987-10-09 | Method with organic sludge preparing humic acid phosphorus, potassium and ammonium salt |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1032334A true CN1032334A (en) | 1989-04-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 87101113 Pending CN1032334A (en) | 1987-10-09 | 1987-10-09 | Method with organic sludge preparing humic acid phosphorus, potassium and ammonium salt |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1064033C (en) * | 1996-03-19 | 2001-04-04 | 陕西巨川富万钾化工有限责任公司 | Organic potassium fertilizer |
| CN102093098A (en) * | 2011-01-13 | 2011-06-15 | 中山市祥源环保工程有限公司 | Method for preparing fertilizer by using domestic sludge |
-
1987
- 1987-10-09 CN CN 87101113 patent/CN1032334A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1064033C (en) * | 1996-03-19 | 2001-04-04 | 陕西巨川富万钾化工有限责任公司 | Organic potassium fertilizer |
| CN102093098A (en) * | 2011-01-13 | 2011-06-15 | 中山市祥源环保工程有限公司 | Method for preparing fertilizer by using domestic sludge |
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