CN102077799B - Breeding method of original ecological health penaeus vannamei larvae - Google Patents
Breeding method of original ecological health penaeus vannamei larvae Download PDFInfo
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- CN102077799B CN102077799B CN201010594085A CN201010594085A CN102077799B CN 102077799 B CN102077799 B CN 102077799B CN 201010594085 A CN201010594085 A CN 201010594085A CN 201010594085 A CN201010594085 A CN 201010594085A CN 102077799 B CN102077799 B CN 102077799B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and provides a breeding method of original ecological health penaeus vannamei larvae. The method comprises the following steps: disinfecting a closed cultivation workshop and a cultivation pool; introducing disinfected seawater into the cultivation pool; adding ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and biological live bacteria to the cultivation pool; and stocking larvae produced by parent health penaeus vannamei without specific virus in the cultivation pool, strictly controlling stocking density, cultivating the larvae at low temperature below 31 DEG C, adding different feeds which are free from pathogen through virus detection to the larvae at different stages, and carrying out strict disinfection and virus detection during the whole cultivation process, wherein, antibiotics is prohibited or drugs can not be overused. The penaeus vannamei larvae bred by the method has no specific virus and no or little antibiotics and drug residues, and has strong disease resistance and longer production period, thus the method is an original ecological health penaeus vannamei larvae breeding method.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, be specifically related to a kind of mating system of original ecology healthy Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling.
Background technology
Penaeus Vannmei is the gourmet food of high-quality, and its delicious meat, nutritious is very popular.Because its saturated fatty acid, cholesterol level are low, are the prevention cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, guarantee the healthy high quality food of people.Penaeus Vannmei at home and abroad market price is high, the development shrimp aquaculture remarkable benefit of helping already.In recent years, because domestic Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling is of low quality, breeding process uses various medicines in a large number; Cause the residual high product of medicine defective, bring massive losses to the producer, simultaneously; Health for the consumer; Developing original ecology healthy Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling mating system, carry out healthy aquaculture, is the unique selection that guarantees the shrimp farming sustainable development.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of mating system of original ecology healthy Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling, and the Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling of breeding with the method is selected the young that close shrimp produced of no specific virus for use, and low temperature is grown seedlings; Throw in natural nutritious feed; Ban use of antibiotic or excessively make medicament, thereby shrimp seedling premunition is strengthened, do not have or seldom antibiotic and medicament residue; Campaign is longer, is a kind of Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling mating system of health of ecosystem.
A kind of mating system of original ecology healthy Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling, steps in sequence is:
(a) sterilization closed cultivation workshop and cultivation pond;
(b) seawater that will sterilize is introduced and is cultivated the pond;
(c) in cultivating the pond, throw in ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) and biologic live bacteria;
(d) in cultivating the pond, put the young that healthy close shrimp produced of no specific virus in a suitable place to breed; Strict control breeding density, low temperature is grown seedlings below 31 ℃, and the shrimp seedling of different phase is thrown in different feeds; Feed need pass through virus and detect; Can not culture the omnidistance sterilization that need carry out strictness with the specific virus of harm Penaeus Vannmei growth, the prawn seedling carries out strict virus detection to be followed the tracks of.
Wherein, Step (a) said sterilization closed cultivation workshop and cultivate the pond and be meant with liquid detergent with closed cultivation workshop and cultivate the pond and scrub the back and rinse with fresh water; Again with the Betagen Solution of 1～3mg/L splash comprehensively sterilization after 15～25 minutes fresh water rinse and dry; The sealing of complete afterwards workshop was used the quartz burner irradiation-sterilize 5～7 hours, used during the quartz burner personnel to get into to avoid skin injured; To closed cultivation workshop and after cultivating vessel and oxygen hose in the pond and using liquid detergent to clean, again with the Betagen Solution of 1～3mg/L drum bubble sterilization 5～7 hours, clean up with liquid detergent and to be installed in the cultivation pond after drying.
The seawater that the said introducing of step (b) was sterilized; The process of seawater sterilization is following: the water inlet-seawater cleaning pond purifying sea water from the marine site-water tower formula sand filter filters 2 times-gravelstone rice pond filter 23; Filter 4 times in the active carbon pond, the cobblestone pond filter 23-Protein Skimmer separations-husky cylinder filter 23 time efficient ultraviolet sterilizer sterilization of-12 pipes-husky cylinder filter 1 time-active carbon cylinder filter 2 times-water source introduction bacteria bed ecosystem revivification seawater.Whole process seawater sterilization pattern is to handle seawater through physical property and biological principle; The dirt of the precipitable seawater of clarifier-tank wherein; Sand filter and husky cylinder can filter bacterium, little chicken girt, active carbon; But cobblestone balance PH, bacteria bed can provide the useful parasitic decomposing harmful substances of microorganism to handle and suppress growing of noxious bacteria.
The said input EDTA of step (c) act as the degraded seawater in contained heavy metal element, injected volume is 3～7ppm; Said biologic live bacteria is a bacillus, saccharomycete, and its effect is the breeding that activated water suppresses noxious bacteria, injected volume is 1～5ppm.。
The said specific virus of step (d) is meant white spot virus that the serious harm Penaeus Vannmei grows up, Taura syndrome, subcutaneous and hematopoietic tissue necrosis is viral.
The said virus of step (d) detects and is meant use PCR virus checkout equipment; Shrimp seedling diseases poison detecting operation principle adopts the gill portion of extraction shrimp or the sufficient muscle of swimming to extract DNA and RNA; To DNA and RNA nucleic acid polymerase chain reaction amplification; Confirm viral infection conditions with a virus amplification to ten thousand times next can with the naked eye a resolution, detection has or not specific virus.
The virus of the said feed of step (d) detects and is meant use PCR virus checkout equipment; Feed is ground extraction; To DNA and RNA nucleic acid polymerase chain reaction amplification, with a virus amplification to the ten thousand times next infection conditions that can with the naked eye differentiate virus, detection has or not specific virus.
The said strict control breeding density of step (d) is meant that breeding density is controlled at water body 18 per ton～220,000 tail young.
The shrimp seedling of the said different phase of step (d) is thrown in different feeds and is meant:
1. nauplius and zoea stage, feed ingredient is a spirulina, biologic live bacteria, senior prawn slice; 6:00 AM rises whenever and threw feed once at a distance from 4 hours, throws in altogether 5 times in one day;
2. acanthosoma,, feed ingredient is a spirulina, and biologic live bacteria, vitamin, raw fiber, fatty acid, lecithin, complex enzyme, senior prawn slice, 6:00 AM rise whenever and threw feed once at a distance from 4 hours, throw in altogether 5 times in one day; Other 9 points, 17 points are respectively thrown in Chaetoceros one time at 21;
3. post larval, feed ingredient is spirulina, biologic live bacteria, senior prawn slice, fairy shrimp, 6:00 AM rise every at a distance from 4 hours throwing feeds once, threw in altogether 5 times in one day; Other 9 points, 17 points are respectively thrown in Chaetoceros one time at 21.
The said breed whole process of step (d) need be carried out strict sterilization and is meant that cultivating workshop and operating personnel between omnidistance nursery stage gets into and must pass through sterilization when cultivating the workshop in order to avoid virus disseminating; Said cultivation workshop sterilization is meant that the corridor the workshop in need use the fresh water irrigation and disinfection, after the operation tool in the workshop need use the liquid detergent cleaning, uses the Betagen Solution soaking disinfection 5～7 hours of 1～3mg/L again, cleans up with liquid detergent and dries; Said personnel decontamination must carry out the whole body sterilization before being meant personnel operation, promptly changes clothes clean work clothes, the plant operations of being allowed for access after trick is sterilized with thimerosal.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
(1) the present invention selects the young that healthy close shrimp produced of no specific virus for use, has guaranteed that from the source young is not with specific virus, cultures omnidistancely to carry out strict sterilization and virus detects, and has guaranteed that the young can infective virus in developmental process;
(2) the present invention selects for use spirulina, Chaetoceros, biologic live bacteria, senior prawn slice, fairy shrimp etc. to be feed; For the shrimp seedling provides natural protein, trace element and mineral matter; Make the shrimp seedling have stronger physique and resistance; Thereby avoid or reduce the use of know clearly antibiotic and other medicines, make the antibiotic and the medicament residue that do not have or have only minute quantity in the finished product shrimp body;
(3) high temperature training seedling can influence the abnormal time of shrimp seedling, is the development by metamorphosis of mandatory control shrimp seedling, has seriously violated ecologic breeding, and the present invention adopts low temperature below 31 ℃ to grow seedlings, and is the ecologic breeding mode.
Embodiment
Below will combine embodiment that the present invention is done further description for the ease of it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that.
The mating system of original ecology healthy shrimp seedling of the present invention is following:
(a) sterilization closed cultivation workshop and cultivation pond
With liquid detergent with closed cultivation workshop and cultivate the pond and scrub the back and rinse with fresh water; Again with the Betagen Solution of 2mg/L splash comprehensively sterilization after 20 minutes fresh water rinse and dry; The sealing of complete afterwards workshop was used the quartz burner irradiation-sterilize 6 hours, used during the quartz burner personnel to get into to avoid skin injured; To closed cultivation workshop and after cultivating vessel and oxygen hose in the pond and using liquid detergent to clean, again with the Betagen Solution of 2mg/L drum bubble sterilization 6 hours, clean up with liquid detergent and to be installed in the cultivation pond after drying.
(b) seawater that will sterilize is introduced and is cultivated the pond
The process of seawater sterilization is following: the water inlet-seawater cleaning pond purifying sea water from the marine site-water tower formula sand filter filters 2 times-gravelstone rice pond filter 23; Filter 4 times in the active carbon pond, the cobblestone pond filter 23-Protein Skimmer separations-husky cylinder filter 23 time efficient ultraviolet sterilizer sterilization of-12 pipes-husky cylinder filter 1 time-active carbon cylinder filter 2 times-water source introduction bacteria bed ecosystem revivification seawater.
(c) in cultivating the pond, throwing in concentration is that ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) and the concentration of 5ppm is the biologic live bacteria of 3ppm, and biologic live bacteria is a bacillus, saccharomycete.
(d) cultivate the young that healthy close shrimp produced of putting no specific virus (promptly through detection not with the virus of these several kinds of serious harm shrimp seedlings growth of WSSV (white spot virus), TSV (Taura syndrome), IHHNV (subcutaneous and hematopoietic tissue necrosis is viral)) in the pond in a suitable place to breed; Control breeding density is the water body 200,000 tail young per ton; 29 ℃ of low temperature are grown seedlings; The shrimp seedling of different phase is thrown in different feeds, and feed need pass through virus and detect, can not be former in spite of illness; Culture omnidistance sterilization and the virus that need carry out strictness and detect, ban use of antibiotic or excessively make medicament.
The shrimp seedling of this step different phase need be thrown in different feeds:
1. nauplius and zoea stage, feed ingredient is a spirulina, biologic live bacteria, senior prawn slice; 6:00 AM rises whenever and threw feed once at a distance from 4 hours, throws in altogether 5 times in one day;
2. acanthosoma,, feed ingredient is a spirulina, and biologic live bacteria, vitamin, raw fiber, fatty acid, lecithin, complex enzyme, senior prawn slice, 6:00 AM rise whenever and threw feed once at a distance from 4 hours, throw in altogether 5 times in one day; Other 9 points, 17 points are respectively thrown in Chaetoceros one time at 21;
3. post larval, feed ingredient is spirulina, biologic live bacteria, senior prawn slice, fairy shrimp, 6:00 AM rise every at a distance from 4 hours throwing feeds once, threw in altogether 5 times in one day; Other 9 points, 17 points are respectively thrown in Chaetoceros one time at 21.
The virus of prawn seedling detects and is meant use PCR virus checkout equipment in the step (d); Shrimp seedling diseases poison detecting operation principle adopts the gill portion of extraction shrimp or the sufficient muscle of swimming to extract DNA and RNA; To DNA and RNA nucleic acid polymerase chain reaction amplification; Confirm viral infection conditions with a virus amplification to ten thousand times next can with the naked eye a resolution, detection has or not specific virus.
Virus detection to feed in the step (d) is meant use PCR virus checkout equipment; Feed is ground extraction; To DNA and RNA nucleic acid polymerase chain reaction amplification, with a virus amplification to the ten thousand times next infection conditions that can with the naked eye differentiate virus, detection has or not specific virus.
Culture in the step (d) and omnidistancely need carry out strict sterilization and be meant that cultivating workshop and operating personnel between omnidistance nursery stage gets into and must pass through sterilization when cultivating the workshop in order to avoid virus disseminating.Wherein cultivate workshop sterilization and be meant that the corridor the workshop in need use the fresh water irrigation and disinfection, after the operation tool in the workshop need use the liquid detergent cleaning, use the Betagen Solution soaking disinfection 6 hours of 2mg/L again, clean up with liquid detergent and dry; Personnel decontamination must carry out the whole body sterilization before being meant personnel operation, promptly changes clothes clean work clothes, the plant operations of being allowed for access after trick is sterilized with thimerosal.
Claims (1)
1. the mating system of an original ecology healthy Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling, steps in sequence is:
(a) sterilization closed cultivation workshop and cultivation pond;
(b) seawater that will sterilize is introduced and is cultivated the pond;
(c) in cultivating the pond, throw in ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid and biologic live bacteria;
(d) in cultivating the pond, put the young that the close shrimp of healthy Penaeus Vannmei of no specific virus is produced in a suitable place to breed; Strict control breeding density, low temperature is grown seedlings below 31 ℃, and the shrimp seedling of different phase is thrown in different feeds; Feed need pass through virus and detect; Can not culture the omnidistance sterilization that need carry out strictness with the specific virus of harm Penaeus Vannmei growth, the prawn seedling carries out strict virus detection to be followed the tracks of;
Wherein, Step (a) said sterilization closed cultivation workshop and cultivate the pond and be meant with liquid detergent with closed cultivation workshop and cultivate the pond and scrub the back and rinse with fresh water; Rinse with fresh water after 15～25 minutes and dry with the sterilization of splashing of the Betagen Solution of 1～3mg/L comprehensively again; Ultraviolet lamp duct occlusion irradiation-sterilize was used 5～7 hours in complete afterwards workshop, used during the quartz burner personnel to get into to avoid skin injured; To closed cultivation workshop and after cultivating vessel and oxygen hose in the pond and using liquid detergent to clean, use the Betagen Solution soaking disinfection 5～7 hours of 1～3mg/L again, clean up to be installed to after drying with liquid detergent and cultivate in the pond;
The said specific virus of step (d) is meant white spot virus that the serious harm Penaeus Vannmei grows up, Taura syndrome, subcutaneous and hematopoietic tissue necrosis is viral.
2, the mating system of a kind of original ecology healthy Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling according to claim 1; The process that it is characterized in that the sterilization of step (b) seawater is following: the water inlet-seawater cleaning pond purifying sea water from the marine site-water tower formula sand filter filters 2 times-gravelstone rice pond filter 23; Filter 4 times in the active carbon pond, the cobblestone pond filter 23-Protein Skimmer separations-husky cylinder filter 23 time efficient ultraviolet sterilizer sterilization of-12 pipes-husky cylinder filter 1 time-active carbon cylinder filter 2 times-water source introduction bacteria bed ecosystem revivification seawater.
3, the mating system of a kind of original ecology healthy Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the injected volume of the said ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid of step (c) is 3～7ppm; Said biologic live bacteria is a bacillus, and saccharomycete, injected volume are 1～5ppm.
4, the mating system of a kind of original ecology healthy Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the virus of the said shrimp seedling of step (d) detects and is meant use PCR virus checkout equipment; The gill portion of extraction shrimp or the sufficient muscle of swimming extract DNA and RNA; To DNA and RNA nucleic acid polymerase chain reaction amplification, confirm viral infection conditions with a virus amplification to ten thousand times next can with the naked eye a resolution, detection has or not specific virus.
5, the mating system of a kind of original ecology healthy Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: the virus of the said feed of step (d) detects and is meant use PCR virus checkout equipment; Feed is ground extraction; To DNA and RNA nucleic acid polymerase chain reaction amplification, with a virus amplification to the ten thousand times next infection conditions that can with the naked eye differentiate virus, detection has or not specific virus.
6, the mating system of a kind of original ecology healthy Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the said strict control breeding density of step (d) is meant that breeding density is controlled at water body 18 per ton～220,000 tail young.
7, the mating system of a kind of original ecology healthy Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the shrimp seedling of the said different phase of step (d) is thrown in different feeds and is meant:
1. nauplius and zoea stage, feed ingredient is a spirulina, biologic live bacteria, senior prawn slice; 6:00 AM rises whenever and threw feed once at a distance from 4 hours, throws in altogether 5 times in one day;
2. acanthosoma,, feed ingredient is a spirulina, and biologic live bacteria, vitamin, raw fiber, fatty acid, lecithin, complex enzyme, senior prawn slice, 6:00 AM rise whenever and threw feed once at a distance from 4 hours, throw in altogether 5 times in one day; Other 9 points, 17 points are respectively thrown in Chaetoceros one time at 21;
3. post larval, feed ingredient is spirulina, biologic live bacteria, senior prawn slice, fairy shrimp, 6:00 AM rise every at a distance from 4 hours throwing feeds once, threw in altogether 5 times in one day; Other 9 points, 17 points are respectively thrown in Chaetoceros one time at 21.
8, the mating system of a kind of original ecology healthy Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the said breed whole process of step (d) need be carried out strict sterilization and is meant that cultivating workshop and operating personnel between omnidistance nursery stage gets into and must pass through sterilization when cultivating the workshop in order to avoid virus disseminating; Said cultivation workshop sterilization is meant that the corridor the workshop in need use the fresh water irrigation and disinfection, after the operation tool in the workshop need use the liquid detergent cleaning, uses the Betagen Solution soaking disinfection 5～7 hours of 1～3mg/L again, cleans up with liquid detergent and dries; Said personnel decontamination must carry out the whole body sterilization before being meant personnel operation, promptly changes clothes clean work clothes, the plant operations of being allowed for access after trick is sterilized with thimerosal.
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Families Citing this family (8)
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| CN102893930A (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2013-01-30 | 曲宪成 | Large-scale artificial propagation method for odontobutis potamophila |
| CN104705233B (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2016-10-26 | 江苏省渔业技术推广中心 | A kind of method that four noses palpus Cyprinus carpio cultivating pools raise together with Penaeus vannamei |
| CN106719206A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所 | A kind of Penaeus Vannmei efficient health method for culturing seedlings |
| CN108094283A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-01 | 海南中正水产科技有限公司 | A kind of method of indoor industrially biological breeding Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling |
| CN112655616A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-04-16 | 海南禄泰海洋生物科技有限公司 | Industrial litopenaeus vannamei seedling culture method |
| CN111713438A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-09-29 | 江苏瑞丰水产苗种有限公司 | Method for cultivating high-quality and high-yield penaeus vannamei larvae |
| CN113475440A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-10-08 | 新荣腾种业有限公司 | Method for breeding penaeus vannamei boone seedlings with glass seedling disease bacterium resistance |
| CN113841638A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-12-28 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | Virus-free fry breeding method for micropterus salmoides |
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| CN1608451A (en) * | 2003-10-22 | 2005-04-27 | 中国科学院长春地理研究所 | Method of aquiculturing Northeast white shrimp in marsh and reed pond of high and cold area |
| CN101664004A (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2010-03-10 | 李活 | Industrial breeding technique of Penaeus vannamei |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1608451A (en) * | 2003-10-22 | 2005-04-27 | 中国科学院长春地理研究所 | Method of aquiculturing Northeast white shrimp in marsh and reed pond of high and cold area |
| CN101664004A (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2010-03-10 | 李活 | Industrial breeding technique of Penaeus vannamei |
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