CN112655616A - Industrial litopenaeus vannamei seedling culture method - Google Patents
Industrial litopenaeus vannamei seedling culture method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of aquatic products, in particular to an industrial litopenaeus vannamei seedling culture method; it comprises the following steps: step one, constructing a seedling raising facility; step two, breeding the seed shrimps; step three, larva cultivation; a whole set of factory facilities is adopted to ensure that the cultivation process is unified and standard, and the obtained seedlings have good consistency; the bait feeding device has the advantages that the bait feeding device has both an animal bait feeding pool and a plant bait feeding pool, so that feeding is more comprehensive in nutrition; the structure containing copper and zinc elements is removed as much as possible, the poison of the copper prawns is reduced to the maximum extent, and the uncontrollable influence of the excessive zinc elements on the reproductive level of the prawns is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquatic products, in particular to an industrial litopenaeus vannamei seedling culture method.
Background
In order to ensure the yield and the quality, most breeding enterprises adopt an industrial seedling raising method. However, the existing industrial seedling raising method is simple and rough, and the physique, the size and the like of the cultured shrimp seedlings are different. For example, chinese patent discloses a technique for industrial breeding of penaeus vannamei boone, application No. 200810198290.X, in which: the roof is covered by canvas, and the door and window are hung with cotton curtains. The technology is simple and crude, so that the cultivation process is controlled roughly, and the fine cultivation effect is not achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an industrial litopenaeus vannamei seedling culture method.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an industrial litopenaeus vannamei seedling culture method is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
step one, constructing a seedling raising facility: comprises a seedling raising room, a seedling raising pond, a bait cultivating pond, an overwintering pond, a water supply facility, an air supply facility, a heating facility and a power supply facility;
step two, breeding the breeding shrimps: selecting large-individual and strong-activity adult individuals as parents, specifically selecting intact adult individuals with the weight of fifty to sixty grams, putting the adult individuals into an incubator for stocking according to the ratio of 3:1 of male to female after quarantine, setting the water temperature at 25 ℃, the salinity at 35 per thousand, continuously inflating water body by constant-temperature circulating water, setting the illumination at 90 lux, and feeding bait to be one tenth of the total weight of all the individuals until fertilized eggs are generated, wherein the stocking density is 5 per cubic meter;
step three, larva cultivation: hatching the fertilized eggs obtained in the step two, then transferring the fertilized eggs into a seedling pond, controlling the stocking density to be 25 thousands of eggs per cubic meter, and controlling the water temperature to be 29-32 ℃, specifically, setting the temperature at the early stage and the middle stage of the flea-shaped period to be 30 ℃, gradually changing the temperature at the later stage to be 31-32 ℃, stabilizing the temperature at 31.5 ℃ in the mysorethorn period, and gradually cooling the temperature to be 27 ℃ in the young shrimp period until the fertilized eggs are delivered; during the larva cultivation period, the dissolved oxygen amount of a water body is set at 6 milligrams per liter, the pH value is set at 8, and the salinity is set at 33 per thousand; in the process of larva cultivation, the mixture of the algae powder and the egg yolk is fed in the flea-like period, the weight ratio is 8:37, and 500 g of the mixture is fed every cubic meter every day; feeding algae, fairy shrimp and rotifer in the mysidacea period, wherein each cubic meter feeds 100 g for each time, and the feeding is carried out for 12 times every day; feeding artificial feed in the young shrimp period, wherein the feed is fed for 500 g per cubic meter and is fed for 12 times every day.
The seedling raising room adopts greenhouse, and the seedling raising room top is provided with arch dome, and the dome span is 18 meters, and the dome adopts light green and the luminousness is made for 70% glass steel tile. Its advantages are high heat and rain resistance and adjustable illumination.
Educate seedling pond is the rectangle, and four angles set to the fillet, and the capacity is 50 cubic meters, and the degree of depth is 1.8 meters, and the bottom of the pool is provided with 2 slopes, be provided with pipeline, gas pipeline and the inlet channel of heating in the pond, the bottom of the pool is provided with the blowoff hole, be equipped with the valve on external blowdown canal of blowoff hole and the blowoff hole, educate seedling pond and open outward and be equipped with the escape canal, the escape canal bottom is less than educates seedling pond bottom 30 centimetres, the outlet end of the overflow pipe of educating seedling pond is located the top in escape canal.
The bait culture pond is divided into two parts, wherein one part is used for culturing plant baits, the area of the bait culture pond is 2 square meters, the depth of the bait culture pond is 0.8 meter (1 to a plurality of bait culture ponds are arranged according to requirements), a light supplement lamp is hung above the pond surface, and the illumination intensity is set at 10000 luxes; the other part is used for cultivating animal baits, the area of the bait cultivating pool is 10 square meters, the depth is 1.5 meters, and an inflation tube and a heating device are arranged in the bait cultivating pool.
The area of the overwintering pool is set to be 30 square meters, the shape of the overwintering pool is set to be a rounded rectangle, the water depth is set to be 1.8 meters, the side wall of the overwintering pool is provided with a heat insulation coiled material, and the bottom of the overwintering pool is provided with an inflation pipe and heating equipment.
The water supply facility comprises water reservoirs, 5 high-level water tanks, water pumps and water pipes, wherein the volume of each water reservoir is ten times of the daily water consumption, a spare water reservoir is arranged, the water pipes adopt copper-removing and zinc-removing pipes (namely, pipes, valves and water pumps which do not contain copper elements and zinc elements, such as PVC pipes, cast iron pipes and cement pipes), the copper-containing pipes can cause toxic action on the prawns, and the high-level water tanks contain a large amount of zinc elements and can cause abnormal reproduction level of the prawns.
The air feed facility includes air-blower, gas tube, air stone and the calandria that looses, and the air-blower passes through pipeline intercommunication gas tube, and the water bottom is arranged in to the gas tube, and the terminal intercommunication of gas tube has the calandria that looses, the calandria that looses is provided with the air stone outward, and wherein the air-blower adopts roots's blower, and the wind pressure is 3500 millimeter water column, the gas tube divide into two sections, and wherein the person in charge is the PVC hard tube, and the branch pipe is the PE hose, the air pipe that looses is the PVC hard tube, and the pipe diameter is 1 centimetre, evenly is provided with the scattered gas pocket in 0.5 millimeter aperture, the.
The heating facility comprises a boiler and heating pipes, wherein the boiler is a 2 ton/hour boiler, the heating pipes are copper-removed and zinc-removed iron pipes (such as seamless steel pipes), the copper-removed and zinc-removed iron pipes are coiled and heated in the pool, and the parts extending into the pool are subjected to corrosion prevention treatment.
In one embodiment, the corrosion protection treatment is to coat the copper-removed and zinc-removed iron pipe with a preservative, and the preservative is made of 100 parts 634 of epoxy resin, 10 parts ethylene diamine and 50 parts acetone.
In one embodiment, the corrosion prevention treatment adopts glass fiber tapes and epoxy resin to wind the decoppered and dezincified iron pipe.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: a whole set of factory facilities is adopted to ensure that the cultivation process is unified and standard, and the obtained seedlings have good consistency; the bait feeding device has the advantages that the bait feeding device has both an animal bait feeding pool and a plant bait feeding pool, so that feeding is more comprehensive in nutrition; the structure containing copper and zinc elements is removed as much as possible, the poison of the copper prawns is reduced to the maximum extent, and the uncontrollable influence of the excessive zinc elements on the reproductive level of the prawns is avoided.
Detailed Description
The following is further described in conjunction with the detailed description:
example 1
An industrial litopenaeus vannamei seedling culture method is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
step one, constructing a seedling raising facility: comprises a seedling raising room, a seedling raising pond, a bait cultivating pond, an overwintering pond, a water supply facility, an air supply facility, a heating facility and a power supply facility;
step two, breeding the breeding shrimps: selecting large-individual and strong-activity adult individuals as parents, specifically selecting intact adult individuals with the weight of fifty to sixty grams, putting the adult individuals into an incubator for stocking according to the ratio of 3:1 of male to female after quarantine, setting the water temperature at 25 ℃, the salinity at 35 per thousand, continuously inflating water body by constant-temperature circulating water, setting the illumination at 90 lux, and feeding bait to be one tenth of the total weight of all the individuals until fertilized eggs are generated, wherein the stocking density is 5 per cubic meter;
step three, larva cultivation: hatching the fertilized eggs obtained in the step two, then transferring the fertilized eggs into a seedling pond, controlling the stocking density to be 25 thousands of eggs per cubic meter, and controlling the water temperature to be 29-32 ℃, specifically, setting the temperature at the early stage and the middle stage of the flea-shaped period to be 30 ℃, gradually changing the temperature at the later stage to be 31-32 ℃, stabilizing the temperature at 31.5 ℃ in the mysorethorn period, and gradually cooling the temperature to be 27 ℃ in the young shrimp period until the fertilized eggs are delivered; during the larva cultivation period, the dissolved oxygen amount of a water body is set at 6 milligrams per liter, the pH value is set at 8, and the salinity is set at 33 per thousand; in the process of larva cultivation, the mixture of the algae powder and the egg yolk is fed in the flea-like period, the weight ratio is 8:37, and 500 g of the mixture is fed every cubic meter every day; feeding algae, fairy shrimp and rotifer in the mysidacea period, wherein each cubic meter feeds 100 g for each time, and the feeding is carried out for 12 times every day; feeding artificial feed in the young shrimp period, wherein the feed is fed for 500 g per cubic meter and is fed for 12 times every day.
The seedling raising room adopts greenhouse, and the seedling raising room top is provided with arch dome, and the dome span is 18 meters, and the dome adopts light green and the luminousness is made for 70% glass steel tile. Its advantages are high heat and rain resistance and adjustable illumination.
Educate seedling pond is the rectangle, and four angles set to the fillet, and the capacity is 50 cubic meters, and the degree of depth is 1.8 meters, and the bottom of the pool is provided with 2 slopes, be provided with pipeline, gas pipeline and the inlet channel of heating in the pond, the bottom of the pool is provided with the blowoff hole, be equipped with the valve on external blowdown canal of blowoff hole and the blowoff hole, educate seedling pond and open outward and be equipped with the escape canal, the escape canal bottom is less than educates seedling pond bottom 30 centimetres, the outlet end of the overflow pipe of educating seedling pond is located the top in escape canal.
The bait culture pond is divided into two parts, wherein one part is used for culturing plant baits, the area of the bait culture pond is 2 square meters, the depth of the bait culture pond is 0.8 meter (1 to a plurality of bait culture ponds are arranged according to requirements), a light supplement lamp is hung above the pond surface, and the illumination intensity is set at 10000 luxes; the other part is used for cultivating animal baits, the area of the bait cultivating pool is 10 square meters, the depth is 1.5 meters, and an inflation tube and a heating device are arranged in the bait cultivating pool.
The area of the overwintering pool is set to be 30 square meters, the shape of the overwintering pool is set to be a rounded rectangle, the water depth is set to be 1.8 meters, the side wall of the overwintering pool is provided with a heat insulation coiled material, and the bottom of the overwintering pool is provided with an inflation pipe and heating equipment.
The water supply facility comprises water reservoirs, 5 high-level water tanks, water pumps and water pipes, wherein the volume of each water reservoir is ten times of the daily water consumption, a spare water reservoir is arranged, the water pipes adopt copper-removing and zinc-removing pipes (namely, pipes, valves and water pumps which do not contain copper elements and zinc elements, such as PVC pipes, cast iron pipes and cement pipes), the copper-containing pipes can cause toxic action on the prawns, and the high-level water tanks contain a large amount of zinc elements and can cause abnormal reproduction level of the prawns.
The air feed facility includes air-blower, gas tube, air stone and the calandria that looses, and the air-blower passes through pipeline intercommunication gas tube, and the water bottom is arranged in to the gas tube, and the terminal intercommunication of gas tube has the calandria that looses, the calandria that looses is provided with the air stone outward, and wherein the air-blower adopts roots's blower, and the wind pressure is 3500 millimeter water column, the gas tube divide into two sections, and wherein the person in charge is the PVC hard tube, and the branch pipe is the PE hose, the air pipe that looses is the PVC hard tube, and the pipe diameter is 1 centimetre, evenly is provided with the scattered gas pocket in 0.5 millimeter aperture, the.
The heating facility comprises a boiler and heating pipes, wherein the boiler is a 2 ton/hour boiler, the heating pipes are copper-removed and zinc-removed iron pipes (such as seamless steel pipes), the copper-removed and zinc-removed iron pipes are coiled and heated in the pool, and the parts extending into the pool are subjected to corrosion prevention treatment.
The corrosion prevention treatment is to paint a copper-removing and zinc-removing iron pipe with a preservative, and the preservative is prepared from 100 parts of 634 epoxy resin, 10 parts of ethylenediamine and 50 parts of acetone.
Example 2
An industrial litopenaeus vannamei seedling culture method is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
step one, constructing a seedling raising facility: comprises a seedling raising room, a seedling raising pond, a bait cultivating pond, an overwintering pond, a water supply facility, an air supply facility, a heating facility and a power supply facility;
step two, breeding the breeding shrimps: selecting large-individual and strong-activity adult individuals as parents, specifically selecting intact adult individuals with the weight of fifty to sixty grams, putting the adult individuals into an incubator for stocking according to the ratio of 3:1 of male to female after quarantine, setting the water temperature at 25 ℃, the salinity at 35 per thousand, continuously inflating water body by constant-temperature circulating water, setting the illumination at 90 lux, and feeding bait to be one tenth of the total weight of all the individuals until fertilized eggs are generated, wherein the stocking density is 5 per cubic meter;
step three, larva cultivation: hatching the fertilized eggs obtained in the step two, then transferring the fertilized eggs into a seedling pond, controlling the stocking density to be 25 thousands of eggs per cubic meter, and controlling the water temperature to be 29-32 ℃, specifically, setting the temperature at the early stage and the middle stage of the flea-shaped period to be 30 ℃, gradually changing the temperature at the later stage to be 31-32 ℃, stabilizing the temperature at 31.5 ℃ in the mysorethorn period, and gradually cooling the temperature to be 27 ℃ in the young shrimp period until the fertilized eggs are delivered; during the larva cultivation period, the dissolved oxygen amount of a water body is set at 6 milligrams per liter, the pH value is set at 8, and the salinity is set at 33 per thousand; in the process of larva cultivation, the mixture of the algae powder and the egg yolk is fed in the flea-like period, the weight ratio is 8:37, and 500 g of the mixture is fed every cubic meter every day; feeding algae, fairy shrimp and rotifer in the mysidacea period, wherein each cubic meter feeds 100 g for each time, and the feeding is carried out for 12 times every day; feeding artificial feed in the young shrimp period, wherein the feed is fed for 500 g per cubic meter and is fed for 12 times every day.
The seedling raising room adopts greenhouse, and the seedling raising room top is provided with arch dome, and the dome span is 18 meters, and the dome adopts light green and the luminousness is made for 70% glass steel tile. Its advantages are high heat and rain resistance and adjustable illumination.
Educate seedling pond is the rectangle, and four angles set to the fillet, and the capacity is 50 cubic meters, and the degree of depth is 1.8 meters, and the bottom of the pool is provided with 2 slopes, be provided with pipeline, gas pipeline and the inlet channel of heating in the pond, the bottom of the pool is provided with the blowoff hole, be equipped with the valve on external blowdown canal of blowoff hole and the blowoff hole, educate seedling pond and open outward and be equipped with the escape canal, the escape canal bottom is less than educates seedling pond bottom 30 centimetres, the outlet end of the overflow pipe of educating seedling pond is located the top in escape canal.
The bait culture pond is divided into two parts, wherein one part is used for culturing plant baits, the area of the bait culture pond is 2 square meters, the depth of the bait culture pond is 0.8 meter (1 to a plurality of bait culture ponds are arranged according to requirements), a light supplement lamp is hung above the pond surface, and the illumination intensity is set at 10000 luxes; the other part is used for cultivating animal baits, the area of the bait cultivating pool is 10 square meters, the depth is 1.5 meters, and an inflation tube and a heating device are arranged in the bait cultivating pool.
The area of the overwintering pool is set to be 30 square meters, the shape of the overwintering pool is set to be a rounded rectangle, the water depth is set to be 1.8 meters, the side wall of the overwintering pool is provided with a heat insulation coiled material, and the bottom of the overwintering pool is provided with an inflation pipe and heating equipment.
The water supply facility comprises water reservoirs, 5 high-level water tanks, water pumps and water pipes, wherein the volume of each water reservoir is ten times of the daily water consumption, a spare water reservoir is arranged, the water pipes adopt copper-removing and zinc-removing pipes (namely, pipes, valves and water pumps which do not contain copper elements and zinc elements, such as PVC pipes, cast iron pipes and cement pipes), the copper-containing pipes can cause toxic action on the prawns, and the high-level water tanks contain a large amount of zinc elements and can cause abnormal reproduction level of the prawns.
The air feed facility includes air-blower, gas tube, air stone and the calandria that looses, and the air-blower passes through pipeline intercommunication gas tube, and the water bottom is arranged in to the gas tube, and the terminal intercommunication of gas tube has the calandria that looses, the calandria that looses is provided with the air stone outward, and wherein the air-blower adopts roots's blower, and the wind pressure is 3500 millimeter water column, the gas tube divide into two sections, and wherein the person in charge is the PVC hard tube, and the branch pipe is the PE hose, the air pipe that looses is the PVC hard tube, and the pipe diameter is 1 centimetre, evenly is provided with the scattered gas pocket in 0.5 millimeter aperture, the.
The heating facility comprises a boiler and heating pipes, wherein the boiler is a 2 ton/hour boiler, the heating pipes are copper-removed and zinc-removed iron pipes (such as seamless steel pipes), the copper-removed and zinc-removed iron pipes are coiled and heated in the pool, and the parts extending into the pool are subjected to corrosion prevention treatment.
The corrosion-resistant treatment adopts a glass fiber tape and epoxy resin to wind the decoppered and dezincified iron pipe.
The foregoing embodiments and description have been presented only to illustrate the principles and preferred embodiments of the invention, and various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed.
Claims (10)
1. An industrial litopenaeus vannamei seedling culture method is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
step one, constructing a seedling raising facility: comprises a seedling raising room, a seedling raising pond, a bait cultivating pond, an overwintering pond, a water supply facility, an air supply facility, a heating facility and a power supply facility;
step two, breeding the breeding shrimps: selecting large-individual and strong-activity adult individuals as parents, specifically selecting intact adult individuals with the weight of fifty to sixty grams, putting the adult individuals into an incubator for stocking according to the ratio of 3:1 of male to female after quarantine, setting the water temperature at 25 ℃, the salinity at 35 per thousand, continuously inflating water body by constant-temperature circulating water, setting the illumination at 90 lux, and feeding bait to be one tenth of the total weight of all the individuals until fertilized eggs are generated, wherein the stocking density is 5 per cubic meter;
step three, larva cultivation: hatching the fertilized eggs obtained in the step two, then transferring the fertilized eggs into a seedling pond, controlling the stocking density to be 25 thousands of eggs per cubic meter, and controlling the water temperature to be 29-32 ℃, specifically, setting the temperature at the early stage and the middle stage of the flea-shaped period to be 30 ℃, gradually changing the temperature at the later stage to be 31-32 ℃, stabilizing the temperature at 31.5 ℃ in the mysorethorn period, and gradually cooling the temperature to be 27 ℃ in the young shrimp period until the fertilized eggs are delivered; during the larva cultivation period, the dissolved oxygen amount of a water body is set at 6 milligrams per liter, the pH value is set at 8, and the salinity is set at 33 per thousand; in the process of larva cultivation, the mixture of the algae powder and the egg yolk is fed in the flea-like period, the weight ratio is 8:37, and 500 g of the mixture is fed every cubic meter every day; feeding algae, fairy shrimp and rotifer in the mysidacea period, wherein each cubic meter feeds 100 g for each time, and the feeding is carried out for 12 times every day; feeding artificial feed in the young shrimp period, wherein the feed is fed for 500 g per cubic meter and is fed for 12 times every day.
2. The industrial litopenaeus vannamei seedling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the seedling raising room adopts greenhouse, and the seedling raising room top is provided with arch dome, and the dome span is 18 meters, and the dome adopts light green and the luminousness is made for 70% glass steel tile.
3. The industrial litopenaeus vannamei seedling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: educate seedling pond is the rectangle, and four angles set to the fillet, and the capacity is 50 cubic meters, and the degree of depth is 1.8 meters, and the bottom of the pool is provided with 2 slopes, be provided with pipeline, gas pipeline and the inlet channel of heating in the pond, the bottom of the pool is provided with the blowoff hole, be equipped with the valve on external blowdown canal of blowoff hole and the blowoff hole, educate seedling pond and open outward and be equipped with the escape canal, the escape canal bottom is less than educates seedling pond bottom 30 centimetres, the outlet end of the overflow pipe of educating seedling pond is located the top in escape canal.
4. The industrial litopenaeus vannamei seedling method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the bait culture pond is divided into two parts, wherein one part is used for culturing plant baits, the area of the bait culture pond is 2 square meters, the depth of the bait culture pond is 0.8 meter, a light supplement lamp is hung above the pond surface, and the illumination intensity is set at 10000 luxes; the other part is used for cultivating animal baits, the area of the bait cultivating pool is 10 square meters, the depth is 1.5 meters, and an inflation tube and a heating device are arranged in the bait cultivating pool.
5. The industrial litopenaeus vannamei seedling method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the area of the overwintering pool is set to be 30 square meters, the shape of the overwintering pool is set to be a rounded rectangle, the water depth is set to be 1.8 meters, the side wall of the overwintering pool is provided with a heat insulation coiled material, and the bottom of the overwintering pool is provided with an inflation pipe and heating equipment.
6. The industrial litopenaeus vannamei seedling method according to the claim 5, characterized in that: the water supply facility comprises a reservoir, a high-level water tank, a water pump and a water pipeline, wherein the volume of the reservoir is ten times of the daily water consumption, the reservoir is provided with a standby reservoir, the high-level water tank is provided with 5 water tanks, and the water pipeline adopts copper-removing and zinc-removing pipes.
7. The industrial litopenaeus vannamei seedling method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the air feed facility includes air-blower, gas tube, air stone and the calandria that looses, and the air-blower passes through pipeline intercommunication gas tube, and the water bottom is arranged in to the gas tube, and the terminal intercommunication of gas tube has the calandria that looses, the calandria that looses is provided with the air stone outward, and wherein the air-blower adopts roots's blower, and the wind pressure is 3500 millimeter water column, the gas tube divide into two sections, and wherein the person in charge is the PVC hard tube, and the branch pipe is the PE hose, the air pipe that looses is the PVC hard tube, and the pipe diameter is 1 centimetre, evenly is provided with the scattered gas pocket in 0.5 millimeter aperture, the.
8. The industrial litopenaeus vannamei seedling method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the heating facility comprises a boiler and heating pipes, wherein the boiler is a 2 ton per hour boiler, the heating pipes are copper-removed and zinc-removed iron pipes, the copper-removed and zinc-removed iron pipes are coiled in the pool for heating, and the parts extending into the pool are subjected to anticorrosion treatment.
9. The industrial litopenaeus vannamei seedling method according to claim 8, characterized in that: the corrosion prevention treatment is to paint a copper-removing and zinc-removing iron pipe with a preservative, and the preservative is prepared from 100 parts of 634 epoxy resin, 10 parts of ethylenediamine and 50 parts of acetone.
10. The industrial litopenaeus vannamei seedling method according to claim 8, characterized in that: the corrosion-resistant treatment adopts a glass fiber tape and epoxy resin to wind the decoppered and dezincified iron pipe.
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