CN102068331A - 一种分叉血管支架 - Google Patents

一种分叉血管支架 Download PDF

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CN102068331A
CN102068331A CN2010101516122A CN201010151612A CN102068331A CN 102068331 A CN102068331 A CN 102068331A CN 2010101516122 A CN2010101516122 A CN 2010101516122A CN 201010151612 A CN201010151612 A CN 201010151612A CN 102068331 A CN102068331 A CN 102068331A
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ramp structure
bifurcated vessels
rack body
vessels support
support according
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CN102068331B (zh
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张大东
李艳
王常春
唐智荣
罗七一
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Microport Medical Shanghai Co Ltd
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Microport Medical Shanghai Co Ltd
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Priority to CN2010101516122A priority Critical patent/CN102068331B/zh
Priority to EP11771568.0A priority patent/EP2561837B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2011/072972 priority patent/WO2011131115A1/zh
Priority to JP2013505320A priority patent/JP5623625B2/ja
Priority to US13/642,623 priority patent/US20130041457A1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
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Abstract

本申请公开了一种分叉血管支架，包括具有两个开口端的支架本体，其中：具有多个波杆的多组单元环和位于相邻单元环之间且用于连接相邻单元环的连接杆，所述支架本体至少一个开口端的结构为斜坡结构。本申请实施例在分叉血管支架的至少一个开口端，沿所述支架本体中部到具有斜坡结构开口端的方向，依次减少每组单元环上波杆的数量或增加每组单元环上波杆的密度或两者同时进行，依次缩短每组单元环的长度，形成斜坡结构，斜坡结构的角度与分支血管的分叉角度相匹配，因此当植入人体血管分叉病变处后，该分叉血管支架能够完全、充分覆盖病变处血管，并且不会出现与主血管支架相重叠。

Description

一种分叉血管支架
技术领域
本申请涉及植入医疗器械领域，特别是涉及一种分叉血管支架。
背景技术
血管支架通常为药物洗脱支架，用于治疗血管狭窄。植入人体的血管支架，通过支撑病变血管，使病变血管恢复正常。同时血管支架还可以将支架上的药物释放到与之接触的血管壁上，来抑制血管壁细胞生长，降低血管再次狭窄的发生率。
在实际的临床中，很多病人的血管狭窄处不仅仅是局限于一处，而是位于血管的多处。常见的一种多处动脉狭窄的就是分叉病变血管，如图1中阴影部分所示，血管病变处位于主血管1和分支血管2的交叉处。
在实现本申请的过程中，发明人发现现有技术中至少存在如下问题：，存在以下问题：1、如图2所示，现有的分支血管支架为两端平齐结构，在治疗分叉病变血管时无法完全、充分覆盖病变处血管，影响治疗效果；2、如图3所示，现有的分支血管采用“crush”技术，但是分支血管支架与主血管支架重叠过多，造成植入金属量过多，在血管交叉处，容易形成血栓。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本申请实施例提供一种分叉血管支架，以解决现有分叉血管支架植入人体后无法完全覆盖病变处或在病变处重叠，技术方案如下：
一种分叉血管支架，包括具有两个开口端的支架本体，所述支架本体包括：具有多个波杆的多组单元环和位于相邻单元环之间且用于连接相邻单元环的连接杆，所述支架本体至少一个开口端的结构为斜坡结构。
优选地，沿所述支架本体中部到具有斜坡结构开口端的方向，构成所述斜坡结构的多组单元环上波杆的数量依次减少。
优选地，沿所述支架本体中部到具有斜坡结构开口端的方向，构成所述斜坡结构的多组单元环上波杆的密度依次增加。
优选地，沿所述支架本体中部到具有斜坡结构开口端的方向，构成所述斜坡结构的多组单元环上波杆的数量依次减少且波杆的密度依次增加。
优选地，所述斜坡结构的轴向长度为1～7mm。
优选地，所述斜坡结构的轴向长度为4～6mm。
优选地，所述斜坡结构的坡面与所述支架本体轴向方向的夹角在0～90度之间。
优选地，所述斜坡结构的坡面与所述支架本体轴向方向的夹角为45度。
优选地，所述斜坡结构的坡面周围还设置有至少四个显影标记，其中：至少两个显影标记分别设置在所述斜坡结构坡面顶部和底部，其它至少两个显影标记对称地设置在所述坡面沿轴向中心线两侧。
优选地，所述分叉血管支架为冠状动脉分叉血管支架。
优选地，所述冠状动脉分叉血管支架的直径为2.25mm～4.0mm。
优选地，所述支架本体的材料为具有良好生物相容性及力学特性的不锈钢、钴铬合金、镍基合金、可降解镁合金或高分子材料。
优选地，所述斜坡结构的顶部还可以为圆滑弧状或平齐状。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案，在分叉血管支架的至少一端，沿所述支架本体中部到具有斜坡结构开口端的方向，依次减少每组单元环上波杆的数量或增加每组单元环上波杆的密度或两者同时进行，依次缩短每组单元环的长度，形成斜坡结构，斜坡结构的角度与分支血管的分叉角度匹配，因此当植入人体血管分叉病变处后，该分叉血管支架能够完全、充分覆盖病变处血管，并且不会出现与主血管支架重叠。
另外，在分叉血管支架斜坡结构坡面周围设置至少四个显影标记，这至少四个显影标记中，有至少两个分别设置在斜坡结构的顶部和底部，其它至少两个对称地设置在所述斜坡结构坡面沿轴线中心线两侧。在输送过程中，医生可以根据显影标记的显影位置，清楚辨别分叉血管支架斜坡结构的坡面，然后医生通过转动球囊扩张导管来转动支架，使斜坡结构的坡面能够与主血管相贴合，然后释放扩张支架，因此该分叉血管支架在输送释放过程，还能够被精确定位，方便医生手术操作。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为常见分叉病变血管病变处示意图；
图2为现有的两端平齐的分支血管支架的手术示意图；
图3为现有的采用“crush”技术的分支血管支架的手术示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种分叉血管支架的解剖结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的另一种优选的分叉血管支架的解剖结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的分叉血管支架的显影标记示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的分叉血管支架与球囊扩张导管相固定的结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的分叉血管支架的一种手术示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的分叉血管支架的另一种手术示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本申请中的技术方案，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本申请保护的范围。
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种分叉血管支架的解剖结构示意图。
如图4所示，该分叉血管支架的支架本体1包括多组单元环2和连接杆3，每组单元环2由多个波杆4连接而成，连接杆3位于相邻单元环2之间，用于连接相邻单元环2。支架本体1有两个开口端，第一开口端5的结构为平齐对称结构，在第二开口端6附近，沿所述支架本体1中部到开口端6方向，通过减少每组单元环2上波杆4的数量或增加每组单元环2上波杆4的密度或两者同时进行，来缩短每组单元环2的长度，在第二开口端6处形成斜坡口7，这样将图4或图5所示的解剖结构卷起，在第二开口端6的结构就形成以斜坡口7为坡面的斜坡结构。在其他实施例中，分叉血管支架的支架本体1在两个开口端都可以为斜坡结构。
人体内血管分叉角度通常在0度到90度之间，大多数从血管分叉处分支血管的分叉角度在45度附近。在本申请实施例中，斜坡结构的轴向长度设置在1～7mm，优选为4～6mm，在所设置的斜坡结构轴向长度基础上，斜坡结构的角度即斜坡口7围成的坡面与支架本体1轴向方向上的角度，通过依次减少支架本体1一端每组单元环2上波杆4的数量并调节每组单元环2的长度，进而可以改变斜坡口7与支架本体1轴向方向上的角度，在生产该分叉血管支架时，根据所应用部位血管分叉情况，可以将斜坡结构角度在0度到90度范围内灵活设计，与不同分叉角度的血管相匹配，以满足不同手术需要。如图4(a)和图4(b)所示，图4(a)为45度角分叉血管支架的解剖结构示意图。图4(b)为60度角分叉血管支架的解剖结构示意图。本申请实施例中，斜坡结构的角度设计优选为45度，这一角度可以覆盖大多数从主血管分叉处分支血管的分叉角度。
在实际手术应用中，为了防止分叉血管支架斜坡口7顶部(靠近开口端6的顶端为顶部)在植入时，将血管的内壁刺破或划伤，常常对斜坡口7的顶部进行处理，将斜坡口7的顶部设计成圆滑弧状或平齐状，如图5所示。
图6为本申请实施例提供的分叉血管支架的一种显影标记示意图；
如图6所示，该分叉血管支架还包括显影标记8，显影标记8可以为涂覆或镀在支架本体1上波杆4上的显影膜，如图所示，显影标记8至少设置有四个，其中至少两个显影标记分别设置在斜坡口7围成坡面的顶部和底部(斜坡口7围成坡面上距顶部最远的位置为底部)，其它至少两个对称地设置在斜坡口7围成坡面的沿轴向中心线两侧，用于在手术输送中显示分叉血管支架位置，使医生在手术中能够更准确地辨别斜坡口7的围成的坡面，能够对分叉血管支架进行精确定位。在本申请实施例中，显影标记8还可以通过镶嵌或缠绕的方式固定在所述支架本体1上，如图6(a)所示，显影标记8可以为缠绕在支架本体1波杆4上的显影丝；如图6(b)所示，显影标记8可以为镶嵌在支架本体1波杆4上的显影金属片。
图8为本申请实施例提供的分叉血管支架的一种手术示意图。
如图8所示，主血管9和分支血管10都有血管狭窄的病变，10为主血管支架。在植入时需要配合球囊扩张导管12使用，如图7所示，首先在植入前，将该分叉血管支架压握在球囊扩张导管12的球囊13上；然后根据球囊13上的显影点14，将球囊扩张导管12从主血管9进入分支血管10中；再根据支架本体1上斜坡结构7围成的坡面周围设置的显影标记8的显影位置，转动球囊扩张导管12，使支架本体1上斜坡口7围成的坡面与主血管9相贴合，即斜坡口7与主血管9完全接触；最后释放扩张该分叉血管支架，完全覆盖血管病变部位，如图8所示，完成植入过程。
图9本申请实施例提供的分叉血管支架的另一种手术示意图。
如图所示，只有分支血管10处有血管狭窄的病变，而主血管9正常，其植入过程与上述植入过程相同，植入后如图9所示。
本申请实施例中，在分叉血管支架的至少一端，沿所述支架本体中部到具有所述斜坡结构开口端方向，依次减少每组单元环上波杆的数量或增加每组单元环上波杆的密度或两者同时进行，依次缩短每组单元环的长度，形成斜坡结构，斜坡结构的角度与分支血管的分叉角度匹配，因此当植入人体血管分叉病变处后，该分叉血管支架能够完全、充分覆盖病变处血管，并且不会出现与主血管支架重叠。
另外，在分叉血管支架斜坡结构坡面周围设置至少四个显影标记，这至少四个显影标记中，有至少两个分别设置在斜坡结构的顶部和底部，其它至少两个对称地设置在所述斜坡结构坡面沿轴线中心线两侧。在输送过程中，医生可以根据显影标记的显影位置，清楚辨别分叉血管支架斜坡结构的坡面，然后医生通过转动球囊扩张导管来转动支架，使斜坡结构的坡面能够与主血管相贴合，然后释放扩张支架，因此该分叉血管支架在输送释放过程，还能够被精确定位，方便医生手术操作。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，使本领域技术人员能够理解或实现本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (13)

1.一种分叉血管支架，包括具有两个开口端的支架本体，其特征在于，所述支架本体包括：具有多个波杆的多组单元环和位于相邻单元环之间且用于连接相邻单元环的连接杆，所述支架本体至少一个开口端的结构为斜坡结构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的分叉血管支架，其特征在于，沿所述支架本体中部到具有斜坡结构开口端的方向，构成所述斜坡结构的多组单元环上波杆的数量依次减少。
3.根据权利要求1所述的分叉血管支架，其特征在于，沿所述支架本体中部到具有斜坡结构开口端的方向，构成所述斜坡结构的多组单元环上波杆的密度依次增加。
4.根据权利要求1所述的分叉血管支架，其特征在于，沿所述支架本体中部到具有斜坡结构开口端的方向，构成所述斜坡结构的多组单元环上波杆的数量依次减少且波杆的密度依次增加。
5.根据权利要求2、3或4所述的分叉血管支架，其特征在于，所述斜坡结构的轴向长度为1～7mm。
6.根据权利要求5所述的分叉血管支架，其特征在于，所述斜坡结构的轴向长度为4～6mm。
7.根据权利要求6所述的分叉血管支架，其特征在于，所述斜坡结构的坡面与所述支架本体轴向方向的夹角在0～90度之间。
8.根据权利要求7所述的分叉血管支架，其特征在于，所述斜坡结构的坡面与所述支架本体轴向方向的夹角为45度。
9.根据权利要求1所述的分叉血管支架，其特征在于，所述斜坡结构的坡面周围还设置有至少四个显影标记，其中：至少两个显影标记分别设置在所述斜坡结构坡面顶部和底部，其它至少两个显影标记对称地设置在所述坡面沿轴向中心线两侧。
10.根据权利要求1所述的分叉血管支架，其特征在于，所述分叉血管支架为冠状动脉分叉血管支架。
11.根据权利要求10所述的分叉血管支架，其特征在于，所述冠状动脉分叉血管支架的直径为2.25mm～4.0mm。
12.根据权利要求11所述的分叉血管支架，其特征在于，所述支架本体的材料为具有良好生物相容性及力学特性的不锈钢、钴铬合金、镍基合金、可降解镁合金或高分子材料。
13.根据权利要求1所述的分叉血管支架，其特征在于，所述斜坡结构的顶部还可以为圆滑弧状或平齐状。
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CN109833124A (zh) * 2017-11-24 2019-06-04 杭州唯强医疗科技有限公司 改进显影可视性的血管分流架及血管支架
CN108182680A (zh) * 2017-12-28 2018-06-19 西安中科微光影像技术有限公司 一种基于ivoct图像的分叉血管的角度自动识别方法
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CN109875734A (zh) * 2019-01-31 2019-06-14 深圳市科奕顿生物医疗科技有限公司 设有斜口标记物的支架及其应用、***和支架斜口方向的调整方法
CN109875734B (zh) * 2019-01-31 2024-06-14 深圳市科奕顿生物医疗科技有限公司 设有斜口标记物的支架及其应用、***和支架斜口方向的调整方法

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