CN102067048A - 用于具有可变压降的现场设备的rf适配器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种在双线过程控制环路(22)中使用的无线适配器包括无线通信电路和第一和第二端子,所述第一和第二端子被配置为与所述双线过程控制环路(22)串联耦合。将具有调节输入和输出的稳压器(152)耦合到所述第一端子。将分路(154)耦合到所述稳压器(152)的输出,并且所述分路(154)被配置为向所述无线通信电路供电。反馈电路(158)被配置为将从所述稳压器(152)向所述分路(154)流动的电流控制为流经所述双线过程控制环路(22)的环路电流的函数。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及工业过程控制或监视***。更具体地,本发明涉及在这种***中能够进行射频(RF)通信的现场设备。
背景技术
在工业背景下,控制***用于监视和控制工业和化学等过程的库存。一般地,控制***使用分布在工业过程关键位置处并且通过过程控制环路来与控制室中的控制电路耦合的现场设备执行这些功能。术语“现场设备”指代在分布式控制或过程监视***中执行功能的任何设备,包括在工业过程的测量、控制和监视中所使用的当前已知或尚未已知的所有设备。
一些现场设备包括传感器。传感器意味着基于物理输入生成输出信号,或基于输入信号生成物理输出。一般地,传感器将输入转换为具有不同形式的输出。传感器的类型包括各种分析设备、压力传感器、热敏电阻、热电耦、应变计、流量传送器、***、致动器(actuator)、螺线管、指示灯等等。
一般地,每个现场设备还包括用于在过程控制环路上与过程控制室、或其他电路进行通信的通信电路。在一些设施中,过程控制环路也用于向现场设备传输已调节的电流和/或电压,以向现场设备供电。过程控制环路还携带模拟或数字格式的数据。
传统上,通过双线过程控制电流环路将模拟现场设备与控制室相连,且每个设备通过单根双线控制环路与控制室相连。一般地,将双线之间的电压差维持在12-45伏特(针对模拟模式)和9-50伏特(针对数字模式)的电压区间中。一些模拟现场设备通过将在电流环路中流动的电流调制到与感测到的过程变量成比例的电流上,来向控制室发送信号。在控制室的控制下,其他模拟现场设备可以通过控制流经环路的电流的大小,来执行动作。除此之外或者作为备选,过程控制环路可以携带用于与现场设备进行通信的数字信号。
在一些设施中,已经开始使用无线技术与现场设备进行通信。例如,完全使用无线设施,在该无线设施中,现场设备使用电池、太阳能电池或者获得功率同时不需要任何形式的有线连接的其他技术。然而,多数现场设备与过程控制室进行硬连线,而不使用无线通信技术。此外,在很多现场设施中,必须实施“本质安全”标准,其限制了所存储的能量可以放到环境中的量。
在一些配置中,RF适配器可以与过程控制环路串联。在这种配置中,适配器的端子间的压降可能影响过程控制环路的操作。此外,该压降的量影响到可用于适配器在适配器的电路操作中使用的最大功率。
发明内容
一种在双线过程控制环路中使用的无线适配器包括无线通信电路和第一和第二端子,所述第一和第二端子被配置为与所述双线过程控制环路串联耦合。将具有调节输入和输出的稳压器与所述第一端子耦合。将分路电路与所述稳压器的输出耦合,并且将该分路电路配置为向所述无线通信电路供电。反馈电路被配置为将从所述稳压器向所述分路流动的电流控制为流经所述双线过程控制环路的环路电流的函数。
附图说明
图1是示出了工业过程控制或监视***的简化图,该***包括具有无线适配器的现场设备。
图2是包括无线适配器的图1的现场设备的横截面视图。
图3是示出了与双线过程控制环路耦合的现场设备和无线适配器的配线图。
图4示出了用于与双线过程控制环路相连的可变压降电路的示例配置。
图5示出了包括微控制器的可变压降电路的另一个示例实施例。
图6是包括具有反馈的微控制器在内的可变压降电路的另一个示例配置。
图7是具有另一个示例配置的可变压降电路的简化电路图。
图8是包括开关的可变压降电路示意图,所述开关用于在可变和固定压降模式之间切换。
图9是对具有可变压降电路的无线适配器的组件进行示出的简化框图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供一种与工业过程控制或监视***中的现场设备一起使用的无线适配器。所述无线适配器与现场设备耦合,并且向现场设备提供无线通信能力。适配器还与双线过程控制环路耦合,该环路用于将现场设备与本地位置(比如过程控制室等等)相连。该适配器具有允许适配器的端子上的压降进行变化的电源设置。
图1是过程控制和监视***10的简化框图。在图1中,示出了现场设备12与携带过程流体16的过程管线14耦合。在该示例中,将现场设备12示意为过程变量变送器。例如,过程变量变送器可以测量过程管线14的过程变量,比如压力、流速、温度等等。其他类型的现场设备包括用于控制工业过程10的操作的控制设备。然而,本发明不受限于这种设备。现场设备12一般位于远程位置,例如在工业过程车间的现场中,并且通过双线过程控制环路22与本地位置(比如控制室20)耦合。控制室20包括负载电阻20A和电源20B。双线过程控制环路22可以依照于任何恰当的标准或技术来操作。典型的通信标准包括4-20mA过程控制环路,在该环路中,由流经过程控制环路的电流电平(current level)来标识过程变量。另一个示例包括可以调制到双线环路的模拟电流电平上的数字通信技术,例如通信标准。还使用了其他纯数字技术,包括基于FieldBus的协议。典型地,使用在过程控制环路22上接收的功率向现场设备12供电。
在图1中,示出了无线适配器30与现场设备12耦合。由箭头32和34示出,无线适配器30可以用于与其他设备进行无线通信。例如,适配器30可以与手持通信器40或与包括无线适配器44的另一个现场设备42进行通信。图中示出了现场设备42与过程管线46耦合。
无线适配器30可以根据要求与其他设备或组件通信。该通信可以依照于任何恰当的协议。一个示例协议包括网格网络的形成,在该网格网络中,数据在无线设备之间传递,以扩展和增强通信***的可靠性。
图2示出了与双线过程控制环路22耦合的现场设备12和无线适配器30的简化横截面视图。在过程变量变送器的示例中,现场设备12包括与测量电路52相连的过程变量传感器50,所述测量电路52被配置为对过程变量进行测量。变送器电路54被配置为对过程变量进行接收,并且使用已知的技术在双线过程控制环路22上通信该过程变量。变送器12通过连接块106与双线过程控制环路耦合。无线适配器30也与连接块106耦合,并且通过例如螺纹连接122和109被安装到变送器12的外壳上。例如,该耦合通过NPT导管耦合109。类似的导管连接109还用于耦合携带穿过其的双线过程控制环路22的导管111。无线适配器30的底板通过配线108与变送器12的电接地连接器110耦合。变送器12包括与来自无线适配器30的连接112耦合的双线过程控制连接块102。无线适配器30的外壳120容纳与无线适配器30的电路耦合的天线126。可以将RF透过性端盖124与外壳120可密封地耦合,以允许透过其发送RF信号。在图2所示的设置中,向RF适配器提供了五个电连接,包括四个环路连接和一个电接地连接。
图3示出了简化框图150,简化框图150示意了在控制室20、现场设备12和无线适配器30之间的电连接。如图3所示意的,无线适配器30通过Loop+(本文中也标记为L+)和Loop-(本文中也标记为L-)连接与过程控制环路22串联耦合,并且现场设备12也与正Power和负Power连接串联耦合。适配器30在过程控制环路22上使用通信连接进行通信。
在操作期间,适配器30使用流经过程控制环路22的4-20mA电流进行操作。由于电流流经适配器30,在其L+和L-端子连接上出现了小的压降。优选地,将该压降的数量保持充分小,以确保在过程控制环路22中存在向现场设备12供电的足够电压。例如,适配器下降的电压可以在1.0伏特的量级上。在一些条件下,过程控制环路中的电流可以低至3.5mA,并且在其他条件下可以高至25mA。因此,在这种配置中,假定1.0伏特的下降,则可用于适配器30的功率在3.5mA到25mA间改变。因此,当环路以较高电流电平进行操作时,适配器30的电路接收更多的操作功率。
在图3中,示出了负载电阻20A。过程控制***使用负载电阻20A来感测流经过程控制环路22中的电流ILoop。例如,过程控制***可以将负载电阻上测量到的电压转换为对由过程变量变送器感测到的过程变量进行指示的值。该变量可以与例如过程压力、温度、电平、流、或某个其他测量参数相关。典型地,负载电阻具有250欧姆的值。当过程控制环路流过4mA时,该电阻上的电压是1.0伏特。类似地,当过程控制环路以20mA进行操作时,电阻上的压降是5伏特。如果当环路中电流改变时,过程变量变送器的压降相对恒定,则与当控制环路以20mA进行操作时相比,当控制环路以4mA进行操作时,有更多电压可用于适配器30的电路。本发明提供一种用于改变适配器上的压降的技术,从而当流经过程控制环路的电流处于低值时,更大的压降可用于适配器(并且更多的功率可用于适配器)。类似地,当环路以较高电流电平操作时,在适配器上提供更少的压降。这样,提升了适配器30可以获得的最小功率,因此可以增强电路的性能,以例如增加无线通信功率。
图4是依照于一个示例实施例的可变压降电路150的简化示意图。可变压降150包括通过晶体管156与分路稳压器154耦合的DC至DC开关变压器或开关稳压器152。稳压器152的输入通过电阻R1与过程控制环路22耦合。至稳压器152的输入处于电压电平Vreg。将晶体管156的基极与反馈电路158耦合,反馈电路158包括运算放大器(OpAmp)160和162、晶体管164和电阻R2、R3、R4和R5。
图4所示电路使用电阻R1感测环路电流,并且在端子L+和L-处改变已调节的电压。OpAmp 160作为电流感测放大器进行操作,并且通过改变电流IS来创建R3上与R1上的压降相等的压降。IS和环路电流之间的关系如下所示:
ILoop*R1=Is*R3 公式1
Is=ILoop*(R1/R3) 公式2
因此,基于R1和R3所确定的比率,电流Is与环路电流成比例。R1和R3的示例值可以分别是1欧姆和5000欧姆。在这种配置下,Is等于环路电流除以5000。
OpAmp 162进行操作,通过维持其反相输入上的电压等于其非反相输入上的电压,改变到分路稳压器154的电流,从而调节适配器的L+和L-端子上的压降。在图4中,非反相输入与基准电压Vref耦合,Vreg是环路端子上的电压值。可以使用任何恰当的技术来确定基准电压Vref,例如使用带隙电压基准(band gap voltage reference)。OpAmp 162的反相输入作为电流Is所流入的求和节点进行操作。因此,当R5上的电压固定时,通过R5的电流也固定。因此,当Is随着环路电流改变时,流经R4的电流以相等但是相反的方式改变。当Is随着环路电流增加时,流经R4的电流减少,并从而Vreg(在L+和L-上的电压)减少。随着过程控制环路22中的电流增加,这引起端子上的更低的压降。例如,可以通过改变R1、R3、R4和R5的值,来调整当环路以4mA和20mA操作时的Vreg的值。如果R1是一欧姆,R3是5000欧姆,R4是309千欧姆,R5是39.1千欧姆,并且Vref=0.25伏特,则当环路22以4mA操作时,Vreg将是1.98伏特,并且当环路以20mA操作时,Vreg将是0.99伏特。
在图4中示出的配置的一个特征是:电路具有非常快速的响应时间。例如,环路电路可以在相对短的时间段中从4mA改变到20mA。重要的是,如果改变发生,则压降将尽可能快的改变。这是由于在20mA环路电流处,负载电阻20A“消耗”了更多的环路电压。为了确保过程设备(比如过程变量变送器)一直有充分的电压用于操作,则响应于环路电流中的改变,适配器30上的压降必须快速改变。
图5示出了可变压降电路170的另一个示例实施例,在该实施例中由微处理器172来控制压降。微处理器172向数模转换器174提供数字值,数模转换器174通过电阻R6与OpAmp 162的反相端子耦合。在该配置中,反馈电路158可以以开环配置进行操作,使得可以根据要求来改变流入OpAmp 162的求和节点的电流Is。因此,可以根据要求来改变L+和L-端子上的压降。例如,可以在制造期间设置Vreg,并且取决于在特定过程控制环路22中可用于适配器电路的电压,在操作期间修改Vreg。然而,这种配置的一个缺陷是必须由制造商或运营商来预先确定可用于适配器30的电压。此外,该配置没有利用如下事实:与当环路电流高时相比,当环路电流低时存在更多的电压可用于适配器30。
图6示出了另一个示例配置,在该配置中,微控制器172接收流经过程控制环路22的电流ILoop的数字表示。注意到,已经保留了相似单元的编号。在图6中,布置模数转换器182以感测电阻R7上的压降,该压降与电流IS1成比例。将该值数字化并且提供给微控制器172。如上所述,然后微控制器172可以通过控制数模转换器174,来控制L+和L-端子上的电压。这种配置的一个优点是微控制器172能够接收与环路电流相关的信息,并且可以使用例如通信在过程控制环路22上或者通过无线接口向运营商发送该信息。然而,附加的模数转换器和数模转换器以及减少的***速度提供了缺点。
在上述电路配置中,存在可能引起电路重置的情形。例如,如果对电路进行设置,使得当环路电流在3.5mA操作时,Vreg是大约2.25伏特,以及当环路电流增加到25mA时,Vreg降低至大约1.0伏特。环路中的故障可能引起环路电流增加到超过25mA。如果此情况发生,电压Vreg将继续增加并且接近与OpAmp 162耦合的Vref的值。如果DC至DC开关稳压器152要求比Vref更大的电压输入来用于操作,则来自DC至DC转换器的输出将减少,并且潜在地引起适配器30中的微处理器或无线通信电路重置。如果无线通信电路重置,适配器30将与无线通信网络断连,并且一旦电路稳定,则要求重新加入过程。在这种情况中,不能与设备无线地通信。如果使用了网格网络,则网络可能需要重配置其自身。此外,OpAmp 160必须能够在其输入端子以接近上限电源电压进行操作的情况下进行工作。例如,电源电压可以是大约2.35伏特。需要L+和L-端子上的电压是高至2.5伏特。在这种情形中,OpAmp 160的输入端子可以超过正电源电压。
图7是可变压降电路190的示意图,其被配置为使得电路不引起环路端子电压降到低于开关稳压器152的操作范围之下,并且不要求电流感测OpAmp在接近其正电源电压的情况下操作。在图7中,保留了相似单元的编号。然后,注意到在图7中,R3具有了在OpAmp 160的输出处的新位置。此外,R1与负Loop端子串联。在该配置中,OpAmp 160创建了与流经R1的电流成比例的输出电压。该输出变化的电压引起通过R3的变化的电流,其进而引起通过电阻R4的相等改变的电流。通过R4的该改变的电流引起Vreg也改变。环路电流和Vreg之间的关系如下所示:
ILoop*R1=Ib*Rb 公式3
ILoop=Ib*Rb/R1 公式4
Vout=Ib*RF+Ib*Rb+ILoop*Rf 公式5
现在,将公式4代入公式5:
Vout=ILoop*(R1/Rb)*(Rf+Rb)+ILoop*Rf 公式6
IS=(Vout-Vref)/R3 公式7
Vreg=(IS+I5)*R4+Vref 公式8
上述公式6示出了OpAmp 160的输出(Vout)直接与流经适配器的电流ILoop成比例。随着ILoop增加,由于在公式7中阐述的关系,IS随着Vout增加而增加。因为Vref是恒定的,因而流经R5的电流是恒定的,随着IS增加,流经R4的电流必须减少。随着流经R4的电流减少,R4上的电压降低,因此Vreg降低。因此,公式示出了随着环路电流增加,适配器环路端子上的电压(Vreg)降低。
图7的电路克服了上述讨论的第一缺陷,因为OpAmp 160的输入端子在设备的负电源电压稍下一点进行操作。OpAmp的一个示例是来自National Semiconductor的LMP2231,其能够在其输入端子电压低于负电源电压的情况下操作。该设备还可以使用相对低的电源电压和电源电流来操作。该设备具有由于周围温度改变而导致的低输入偏移电压以及低输入偏移电压漂移。
如果正确地选择图7所示电路的电阻值,可以克服上述第二缺点。由于当OpAmp 160的输出Vout在正电源电压时或接近正电源电压时饱和,可以选择电阻值使得当环路电流到达25mA时,输出Vout不再能增加。如果OpAmp 160的输出不再进一步增加,则类似地,Vreg的值将不再进一步降低。因此,可以布置这些电路,使得当ILoop达到25mA时,Vreg达到最小值,该最小值将不会被超过。如果ILoop增加至超过25mA,Vreg将维持该最小电压,从而DC至DC转换器152将一直具有用于操作的充足电压。这将确保甚至在环路电流具有不正常的高值时,适配器30的微处理器和无线通信电路将持续操作。
此外,类似于上述一些电路,图7所示的电路190具有相对快的响应时间。图7所示的配置的一个附加优点是可以容易地修改该电路以提供固定的压降。图8示出了示例可变或固定压降电路192。除了在电流IS的路径中包括开关194之外,电路192类似于图7所示的电路190。当断开开关194时,IS变为零,并且R4上的电压不再改变,使得Vreg不再改变。因此,图8的电路是在可变压降电路和固定压降电路之间可切换的。可以使用的一个示例开关是来自Analog Devices的ADG842。该开关一般是闭合的,使得电路正常地在可变压降模式下操作。可以由适配器中的微控制器来控制该开关,并且当接收到恰当的有线或无线命令时改变该开关。
针对图8所示的组件的合适值如下所示:
表1
Rf=熔断器的电阻(~2欧姆) |
R1=5欧姆 |
Rb=12.1千欧姆 |
RF=232千欧姆 |
R3=332千欧姆 |
R4=187千欧姆 |
R5=35.7千欧姆 |
160=LMP2231(National Semiconductor) |
162=TC1035(Microchip Technology Inc.) |
Vref=0.34伏特 |
DC/DC转换器=TPS61070(Texas Instruments) |
图9以框图格式示出了包括可变环路压降电路190的适配器30的电路的示意图。适配器30包括具有内置存储器的微处理器200,该微处理器200被配置为控制设备的操作,并且使用例如通信协议在过程控制环路22上使用调制解调器202进行通信。提供无线通信模块204用于使用天线206进行无线通信。微处理器200由与DC至DC转换器152的输出耦合的LDO(低压差(Low Dropout)稳压器)210供电。提供重置电路212,以当压降低于所需操作点时重置微处理器200。在该配置中,将分路稳压器154示意为一定数量的组件。图中示出电容器214具有10,000μF,其用于存储操作无线模块204所使用的功率。提供电压钳/电流分路216,以设置电容器214上的最大电压。DC至DC开关稳压器218用于向LDO 220提供已调节的三伏特输出,LDO220向无线模块204供电。提供重置电路222,以当压降低于所需阈值时,重置无线模块204。提供电平偏移电路226,用于在无线模块204和微处理器200之间耦合通信信号。调制解调器202使用接收电路230从连接接收通信信号,并且使用发送电路232发送通信信号。这些电路通过电容器234与端子耦合。在图9中,提供可变电压网络240,并且可变电压网络240耦合在+Loop端子和OpAmp 160的输出之间。可变电压网络240包括图7所示的电阻R3、R4和R5。(注意到在该简化的示意中,未示出Rb、Rf和RF。)
本发明提供了被配置为与过程控制环路耦合的现场设备和/或适配器,还包括用于单向或双向无线通信的无线通信模块。无线通信模块可以发送和/或从远程设备或位置接收RF信号。可以用从双线过程控制环路上接收的功率直接向该模块供电,或可以用从过程控制环路上接收的并且存储用于后续使用的功率来供电。该模块可以是可拆卸式的模块,在该可拆卸式的模块中,模块仅需要与需要无线通信的那些现场设备相连。该模块可以被配置为用于对现有变送器进行翻新的适配器。
上述配置提供了使得与过程变量变送器进行无线通信成为可能的适配器。该电路还可以被配置为用已经对于过程变量变送器可用的功率来操作。可以通过将能量存储单元作为环路分路稳压器中的分路单元来获得增加的效率。可以提供“升压”调节器作为用于分路稳压器控制的反馈电路的一部分。该配置增加了效率,同时减少了所需的组件数量。可以根据要求来改变该设备上的压降。
如本文所使用的术语“现场设备”可以是过程控制监视***中使用的任何设备,并且不一定要求放在“现场”。该设备可以位于过程控制***中的任何地方,包括控制室或控制电路中。用于连接过程控制环路的端子指代任何电连接,并且可以不包括物理的或离散的端子。可以根据要求使用任何恰当的射频通信电路,以及任何恰当的通信协议、频率或通信技术。根据要求配置电源电路,并且其不受限于本文阐述的配置。在一些实施例中,现场设备包括可以在任何RF发送中包括的、使得可以标识该设备的地址。这种地址可以用于确定接收到的信号是否意在该特定设备。然而,在其他实施例中,不使用地址,并且仅将不具有任何寻址信息的数据从无线通信电路中发送。在这种配置中,如果需要数据的接收,任何接收到的数据可以不包括寻址信息。在一些实施例中,这可能是可以接受的。在其他实施例中,可以使用其他寻址技术或标识技术,比如向特定设备分配特定频率或通信协议,向特定设备分配特定时隙或周期,或其他技术。可以使用任何恰当的通信协议和/或联网技术,包括基于令牌的技术,在该技术中在设备之间传递令牌,从而允许特定设备的发送或接收。
尽管已经通过首选实施例来描述了本发明,本领域技术人员将认识到可以在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下对形式和细节作出改变。如本文所使用的,射频(RF)可以包括任何频率的电磁发送,并且不受限于特定的频率组、频率范围或任何其他限制。可以根据要求使用任何通信协议,包括IEEE 802.11b、802.15.4、或其他协议,包括专有协议以及标准化协议,比如无线通信协议。在上述讨论中,无线适配器提供用于连接双线过程控制环路的数字信号通信连接,并且在一些实施例中,依照于通信协议进行通信。适配器可以被配置为安装在过程控制变送器的外部,例如通过螺纹连接到变送器外壳中的NPT装置。在上述讨论中,当使用不是超级电容器的电容器时,例如使用10,000μF量级的电容器来存储能量,本发明的本质安全电路进行操作以限制进入适配器的电路中的最大可用能量。这是由于依照于本质安全标准,必须将给定电容上的电压保持低于在发生瞬间短路时,可能导致电容产生火花的电平之下。因此,在上述讨论中,通过限制可以由适配器中电路接收的最大电路电压,可以增加电容的大小。如本文所使用的,“分路稳压器”不受限于示出的特定配置,并且可以包括适配器中任何类型的电路,在该电路中最终将电流分路回双线过程控制环路中。更一般地,这可以包括用于向无线通信电路供电的分路电路。将流经分路电路的电流返回(分路)至双线过程控制环路中。尽管已经通过首选实施例描述了本发明,本领域技术人员将认识到可以在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,做出形式和细节上的改变。
Claims (22)
1.一种在双线过程控制环路中使用的无线适配器,所述双线过程控制环路被配置为与工业过程控制***中的过程现场设备耦合,所述无线适配器耦合到所述双线过程控制环路,并且向所述过程现场设备提供无线通信,所述无线适配器包括:
无线通信电路;
第一和第二环路端子,被配置为与所述双线过程控制环路串联耦合;
稳压器,具有耦合到所述第一环路端子的稳压器输入,并且具有输出;
分路电路,与稳压器的输出耦合,被配置为向所述无线通信电路供电;以及
反馈电路,被配置为根据流经所述双线过程控制环路的环路电流来控制从开关稳压器向所述分路电路流动的电流。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述分路电路包括电压稳压器。
3.根据权利要求2所述的装置,其中,所述电压稳压器包括DC至DC转换器。
4.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述分路电路包括电容器,所述电容器被配置为从所述双线过程控制环路接收电荷,以及向所述无线通信电路供电。
5.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述反馈电路被配置为控制所述第一和第二端子上的压降。
6.根据权利要求5所述的装置,其中,所述反馈电路包括用于控制所述第一和第二端子上的压降的输入。
7.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述反馈电路包括用于将所述分路电路耦合到所述稳压器的晶体管。
8.根据权利要求7所述的装置,其中,所述反馈电路控制所述晶体管的操作,从而控制所述第一和第二环路端子上的压降。
9.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述反馈电路测量从所述环路流出并通过所述稳压器的电流。
10.根据权利要求9所述的装置,其中,所述反馈电路根据感测到的电流来控制输送至所述分路电路的功率。
11.根据权利要求6所述的装置,其中,所述输入耦合到微控制器。
12.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述第一和第二环路端子之一与所述过程现场设备耦合,并且,所述装置还包括耦合到所述过程现场设备的通信端子,所述通信端子用于与所述过程现场设备通信。
13.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述双线过程控制环路包括4-20mA电流环路。
14.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述反馈电路是在第一操作模式和第二操作模式之间可切换的,在所述第一操作模式中,所述第一和第二端子上的压降是可变的,以及在所述第二操作模式中,所述第一和第二端子上的压降是固定的。
15.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述稳压器包括DC至DC稳压器。
16.一种使用无线适配器向耦合到双线过程控制环路的过程现场设备提供无线通信的方法,包括:
将所述无线适配器的第一和第二环路端子耦合到所述双线过程控制环路;
使用所述适配器中与所述第一环路端子耦合的稳压器来生成已调节的输出;
使用耦合到所述稳压器的已调节的输出、从而向所述适配器中的无线通信电路供电的分路电路,向所述无线通信电路供电;
使用所述无线通信电路进行无线通信;以及
根据流经所述双线过程控制环路的环路电流来调整从所述稳压器流到所述分路电路的电流,从而控制所述第一和第二环路端子上的压降。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其中,所述稳压器包括开关电压稳压器。
18.根据权利要求16所述的方法,包括用来自所述双线过程控制环路的电荷对电容器充电。
19.根据权利要求16所述的方法,包括测量从所述环路端子流入所述适配器的电流,并且作为响应,控制所述第一和第二端子上的压降。
20.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其中,所述第一和第二环路端子之一耦合到所述过程现场设备,并且还包括将通信端子耦合到所述环路现场设备,用于与所述过程现场设备进行通信。
21.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其中,所述双线过程控制环路包括4-20mA电流环路。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20090309558A1 (en) | 2009-12-17 |
EP2310918A1 (en) | 2011-04-20 |
JP5255698B2 (ja) | 2013-08-07 |
JP2011524588A (ja) | 2011-09-01 |
EP2310918B1 (en) | 2014-10-08 |
CN102067048B (zh) | 2017-03-08 |
CA2726601A1 (en) | 2009-12-23 |
WO2009154756A1 (en) | 2009-12-23 |
CA2726601C (en) | 2016-08-09 |
US8847571B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 |
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