CN101986817A - Method for culturing potted golden delicious apple - Google Patents
Method for culturing potted golden delicious apple Download PDFInfo
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- CN101986817A CN101986817A CN2009100902993A CN200910090299A CN101986817A CN 101986817 A CN101986817 A CN 101986817A CN 2009100902993 A CN2009100902993 A CN 2009100902993A CN 200910090299 A CN200910090299 A CN 200910090299A CN 101986817 A CN101986817 A CN 101986817A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for culturing potted golden delicious apple, comprising the following concrete steps of farmland selecting, seedling selecting, field planting, soil, fertilizer and water managing and pruning. In spring, selected high-quality robust seedlings are temporarily planted in a selected farmland to healthily thrive and serve as parent trees planted in pots in the future; the growth of the trees is controlled and the fertilizer and water management work and the pest control work are enhanced during the temporary planting period; the condition that the trees are planted in the pots is reached after the trunks are 3-5cm thick and buds are formed; mud pots are preferable; pot soil to be filled in the pots is prepared; the trees can be planted in the pots after the roots of the trees are trimmed; the trees need to be watered after being planted in the pots, and the fertilizer and water nutrition and the pest control work are enhanced; a plant growth regulator is sprayed periodically and the trees are pruned; and the fruit trees can be sold in the market after blooming and fruiting in the pots. In the method, garden fruit trees are stunted and then are cultivated in small-sized flowerpots, which can beautify yards and decorating rooms. The fruit trees have the characteristics of small occupied space, wide application range and the like and are convenient to transport. The potted golden delicious apple not only has the appreciation of potted plants but also can be used as a mobile orchard to be picked and has edible value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation method of a kind of potted plant Gold Delicious apple.
Background technology
Apple belongs to rose family Malus.The fruit of apple, lovely luster, sweet acid appropriateness, fragrance is good to eat, and nutritive value is very high.Often practical, to promoting human body metabolism, improve immunity and have good effect.
Potted apple tree low body is little, the tree performance grace, and limb is sturdy and sections is simple and unsophisticated vigorous.Spring flower is gradually white by powder, and is graceful, and Xia Ye is dark green verdant, and it is whirling to flicker, and autumn has set in achieves great success, and overworks the end of the branch, red, yellow, green, blue or green, purple, color is brilliant.Get the sound of " apple ", declare publicly the meaning of safety, can view and admire and edible, that sees is relaxed and joyful, and the sweetness of food is tasty and refreshing, real in presenting good merchantable brand.
Summary of the invention
The cultivation method of a kind of potted plant Gold Delicious apple of the present invention, adopted following technical scheme: the method for this potted apple, its operating procedure comprises: choosing ground selects that seedling, field are heeled in, basin, the cultivation of band fruit in the preparation of basin soil, root relief, cultivation results branch in basin.It is characterized in that: the choosing tree selects the nursery stock of selecting the high-quality stalwartness in the seedling step.
1, at the northern area of China nature temperature-15～35 ℃, relative moisture 55～75%, below the height above sea level 700m, the sunshine time annual reaches under the geographical environment more than 1650 hours, selects seedling to choosing: in spring, select the rural area of fertile soil, select the nursery stock of high-quality stalwartness;
2, the field is heeled in: the nursery stock of high-quality stalwartness is placed on heel in the rural area of choosing and allows its growth;
3, basin soil configuration: ground surface soil, slag, river sand and fertilizer fully mix;
4, basin on the root relief: prune its root, remove and be completely cured, hinder root, go up basin behind the unnecessary overstocked little lateral root;
5, the band fruit is cultivated: in time carry out rich water quality management, pruning and extermination of disease and insect pest work after going up basin;
6, list marketing: get final product list marketing after bearing fruit.
Aforesaid the present invention when specifically implementing, is a material with the apple seedling of high-quality stalwartness;
Aforesaid the present invention when specifically implementing, heels in seedling in ground, rural area and to grow, and thick reaches 3 centimeters, 90 centimeters of heading heights;
Aforesaid the present invention when specifically implementing, fully mixes ground surface soil, slag, river sand and fertilizer;
Aforesaid the present invention when specifically implementing, fully mixes ground surface soil, slag, leaf mould and fertilizer, and its ratio is that garden loam 40% adds slag or leaf mould 40% adds the fertilizer 20% that becomes thoroughly decomposed;
Aforesaid the present invention when specifically implementing, prunes its root, removes and is completely cured, and hinders root, goes up basin behind the unnecessary overstocked little lateral root;
Aforesaid the present invention when specifically implementing, in time carries out rich water quality management, pruning and extermination of disease and insect pest work behind the last basin;
Beneficial effect:
The potted apple microminiaturization, communications and transportation is convenient, and the scope of application is extensive.
This method can be according to consumption demand, select the different nursery stock of height thickness to plant as carrying out the microminiaturized training of potted apple, house lead in is entered the room, as potted landscape move to doorway, the hall, balcony, a table cabinet is arbitrarily put, and is widely used in hotel, market, school, office, station, square, enterprise, afforest, beautify, beautify human work, living environment, improve people's living environment quality, ecological benefits are good, particularly miniature making.The potted landscape apple is light and handy, and is clean, can also place in office, tea table, desk, the car and be made as ornament.Concentrated putting that again can be a large amount of plucked as mobile orchard.
For sharpening understanding, the present invention will be further described below by embodiment.
[description of drawings]
[description of drawings] Fig. 1 is implementation step figure of the present invention.Fig. 2 is the another kind of narrating mode of the invention process step.
Embodiment
Fruit tree is potted plant to be the perfect adaptation of fruit culture and penjing art.In the room, garden carries out Gold Delicious apple potted landscape cultivation, in April, tender leaf is told green, pattern is pale red, arrive summer, greenery are fluffy folded, tree performance is whirling, the golden fall, fruit growing in close clusters sews full end of the branch, shaping beta pruning ridging fertilising.With its put on balcony, in the garden, before the windowsill, the gallery limit, see colored, light green, reward fruit, have a taste of a delicacy, throughout the year the four seasons interesting, make us pleasing.Grafting transplanted seedling tree or directly advance the finished product seedling got final product result, the Fuji Gold Delicious apple tree of life in 4～5 years, 10～15 of every strain results in general 2～3 years.
The cultivation method of a kind of potted plant Gold Delicious apple of the present invention, cultivation management technology is as follows:
1. select seedling, choosing ground, heel in
Select the disease-free nursery stock of high-quality to heel in, carry out the field management trunk and increase slightly to the 3cm basin on (after 2～3 years) choosing tree root relief, strengthen rich water quality management, the extermination of disease and insect pest in the phase heeling in the plot of choosing in advance.
2. select basin preparation nutrition soil before going up basin
Select clay earthen basin commonly used for use, good because of mud basin ventilation draining, be beneficial to the new root growth maintenance facility that goes up the Gold Delicious apple of basin.With the high 20cm of basin, basin bore 30cm, footpath, end 20cm.There is the earthen basin of osculum to make container.The configuration of nutrition soil is with garden loam, slag or leaf mould, fertilizer.Allocation ratio: garden loam 40% adds slag or leaf mould 40% and adds between the fertilizer 20% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the pH value the suitableeest 5.6～7.2 and be advisable.
3. go up basin choosing tree
Last basin choosing tree should select the plant body to strengthen, branch is full, the healthy and strong plant of no damage by disease and insect.In the fall or go up potted plant planting spring.Last basin is ready to fill up basin, broken basin sheet, arrangement nursery stock.Also old wounded or disabled root and the long root system of trees are pruned upward basin of back, put broken basin sheet concave surface at osculum and put into the nutrition soil that configures on a small quantity downwards.Nursery stock is put into basin, bury soil pressure in fact, hand over sufficient water to get final product.
4. rich water quality management
Fertilizing management behind the last basin, use the part quick-acting fertilizer early stage season of growth in basin, and based on N, P, K, fertilizer, every basin is executed 5～8g at every turn, with using after water-soluble the opening, is beneficial to root system and absorbs.Using once about 10 days, is that the master should select cake fertilizer, soybean cake, cotton benevolence cake, the dregs of linseeds or sesame seeds, rapeseed cake etc. for use with the fertilizer behind the result.Best with dregs of linseeds or sesame seeds nutrition, to use a basin in per 10 days and use and soak about solution 150g, a small amount of duty of applying fertilizer is executed and is beneficial to root system and absorbs, and the prevention overfertilization is burnt root.Fertilizer is beneficial to the formation of bud, can reduce the prosperous length of branch.The management of watering of potted plant Gold Delicious apple should be according to different surely the water amounts of changes of seasons with weather, water once with yielding positive results the increase of watering during summer high temperature 2～3 days early spring.Should water every day in summer and guarantee the normal growth of basin tree about 2kg.Rainy day determines to water the water yield according to precipitation.The season of growth is noted the basin draining, causes the dead tree vigo(u)r of the not enough root system of basin oxygen weak as ponding in the basin.
5. pruning
Tree body structure, potted plant Gold Delicious apple are selected oblique dry type (scape) or straight dry type (planting) for use, and two kinds of tree-like basic structure does not have obvious major branch and is distributed in the different parts of full tree with the fruit bearing shoot group, and the branch group requires for a short time greatly down, and the basin that evenly distributes tree guarantees ventilation and penetrating light.Basin height of tree degree: the potted landscape trunk is tiltedly given birth to, and pelvic surface of sacrum is to basin tree peak 70～80cm, about bough exhibition 60cm.Potted plant height: about big potted plant 2m, about little potted plant 1m.To spin the type that hangs down, about branch end 60cm, big potted plant branch is opened up about 80cm
Behind the basin, note drawing an angle of release on the pruning nursery stock.The shoot season of growth, in conjunction with drawing branch, turn round pinching slightly and lack branch position bud at quarter or side grafting, remove overstocked branch, make tree body ventilation and penetrating light, be beneficial to flower bud differentiation, ahead of time the result.Winter pruning weigh cutting back or extremely heavy cutting back to annual prosperous branch and inspires sprig and yield positive results, and removes overstocked branch, and sick branch is adjusted a direction and angle.Make its even distribution, finally turn out a large amount of fruit bearing shoot, and promote the purpose that flower bud differentiation reaches early bearing and views and admires.
6. flower and fruit management
(1) artificial pollination
Because the most of self-fertility rate of Gold Delicious apple kind is lower, needing pollen between different cultivars to carry out cross pollination could many results tie fruit, can gather pollen and carry out artificial pollination or use honeybee pollination.Apple variety more than at least 2 is potted plant to be placed in together.That morning that potted plant Gold Delicious apple flower is bloomed, dip in the column cap that the pollen point is awarded flower with writing brush.
(2) spray PBO
At the beginning of mid-May～6 month, in 6 months～at the beginning of 7 months, at the beginning of late July～8 month, each sprays 150 times PBO liquid 1 time, can play strong tree, control shoot, flower-promoting and fruit protecting, increase effects such as painted, the anti-dehiscent fruit of sugar, disease-resistant worm.
(3) priming leaf, commentaries on classics basin, commentaries on classics fruit and light filling
And take priming leaf, commentaries on classics basin, and make fruit painted comprehensively, make fruit surface bright and clean more tempting.
(4) increase is viewed and admired the time
Spray methyl after plucking bag, every 2.5g adds water 15kg, and complete stool basin tree has the fruit place evenly to spray.Mainly spray twice of carpopodium place, the spray of interval spray in 10 days one-time continuous.Can effectively prevent the formation of carpopodium place abscisic acid, prolongation Gold Delicious apple basin is viewing period really.
7. the control of damage by disease and insect
When the potted plant Gold Delicious apple of raised growth, have the generation of damage by disease and insect, main disease foxiness disease, ring spot, limb dry rot, scurf etc.Trunk disease in time strikes off, smears 5 degree lime sulfurs.Before rudiment, but the generation of spray 3-5 degree lime sulfur effectively preventing damage by disease and insect.The damage by disease and insect that growth mainly takes place in season has aphid, Spilonota lechriaspis, two spotted spider mite, heart-eating worm etc.Spray insecticidal bactericide, miticide in the season of growth.Main insecticide has chrysanthemum lipid agricultural chemicals, time, decis, aleyrodid spy, avermitilis strain system, bactericide, tpn, carbendazim etc.
8. the soil removal and replacement of falling the basin increases the basin winter protection
After potted plant Gold Delicious apple grew in basin 2～3 years, basin soil reduces, and can occur the above root pad of 3cm in the basin and need begin the root relief soil removal and replacement, to ensure the normal growth of root system in the basin, improve root system nutrition condition in the basin, this work should be in November or root relief soil removal and replacement in March in the coming year then.The best root relief soil removal and replacement time is November then, ratio when changing basin soil ratio in last basin.Compacting is placed in and buries soil in the winter protection ditch and sit potted plant the heading west to the east of preferably of furrow and put after the soil removal and replacement, and north is done and watered sufficient water behind the anti-bulkwark and water once behind first quarter moon again and get final product, to the winter pruning of carrying out after go out basin put spring in the coming year before the rudiment.
Claims (6)
1. the cultivation method of a potted plant Gold Delicious apple, its operating procedure comprises: choosing ground selects that seedling, field are heeled in, basin soil is prepared, basin on the root relief, cultivation results branch in basin.It is characterized in that: the choosing tree selects the nursery stock of selecting the high-quality stalwartness in the seedling step.
2. the cultivation method of a kind of potted plant Gold Delicious apple as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: at the northern area of China nature temperature-15～35 ℃, relative moisture 55～75%, below the height above sea level 700m, the sunshine time annual reaches under the geographical environment more than 1650 hours, and choosing ground selects seedling, select the rural area of fertile soil, select the nursery stock of high-quality stalwartness;
The field is heeled in: the nursery stock of high-quality stalwartness is placed on heel in the rural area of choosing and allows its growth;
The configuration of basin soil: ground surface soil, slag, river sand and fertilizer fully mix;
Basin on the root relief: prune its root, remove and be completely cured, hinder root, go up basin behind the unnecessary overstocked little lateral root;
Band is cultivated by fruit: in time carry out rich water quality management, pruning and extermination of disease and insect pest work after going up basin;
List marketing: get final product list marketing after bearing fruit.
3. the cultivation method of a kind of potted plant Gold Delicious apple as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: it is characterized in that: select loosing soil, fertile ground, rural area, select the apple seedling of high-quality stalwartness;
4. the cultivation method of a kind of potted plant Gold Delicious apple as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the apple seedling of high-quality stalwartness is heeled in the ground of choosing, rural area, is allowed its growth, make its rugosity reach 3 centimeters after fixed doing, heading height is 90 centimeters;
5. the cultivation method of a kind of potted plant Gold Delicious apple as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: ground surface soil, slag or river sand and fertilizer fully mix;
6. the cultivation method of a kind of potted plant Gold Delicious apple as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: ground surface soil, slag or river sand and fertilizer fully mix, ground surface soil, slag, leaf mould and fertilizer fully mix, and its ratio is that garden loam 40% adds slag or leaf mould 40% adds the fertilizer 20% that becomes thoroughly decomposed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100902993A CN101986817A (en) | 2009-08-07 | 2009-08-07 | Method for culturing potted golden delicious apple |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009100902993A CN101986817A (en) | 2009-08-07 | 2009-08-07 | Method for culturing potted golden delicious apple |
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| CN101986817A true CN101986817A (en) | 2011-03-23 |
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| CN2009100902993A Pending CN101986817A (en) | 2009-08-07 | 2009-08-07 | Method for culturing potted golden delicious apple |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102172190A (en) * | 2011-02-12 | 2011-09-07 | 唐兆青 | Cultivation method of apple bonsai realizing current-year fruiting and market-selling in Spring Festival |
| CN102668832A (en) * | 2012-01-15 | 2012-09-19 | 河南科技大学 | Pot culture method for persimmons |
| CN102972268A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2013-03-20 | 吴太平 | Method for potting and selling apples after being outdoor grown |
| CN102972134A (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2013-03-20 | 林平 | Flower pot and field transformation cultivation technique |
| CN103960069A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-08-06 | 唐兆青 | Method for delay of apple bonsai in autumn and winter |
| CN104904470A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-09-16 | 沈阳农业大学 | Method for making single strain-fruited apple bonsai |
| CN106982694A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-07-28 | 吕强 | A kind of method that apple cultivation phase improves yield |
| CN109089688A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-12-28 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of oriental cherry method for potted |
| CN109168838A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2019-01-11 | 安徽德丰生态农业有限公司 | A kind of management and cultivation method of potted apple |
-
2009
- 2009-08-07 CN CN2009100902993A patent/CN101986817A/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102172190A (en) * | 2011-02-12 | 2011-09-07 | 唐兆青 | Cultivation method of apple bonsai realizing current-year fruiting and market-selling in Spring Festival |
| CN102172190B (en) * | 2011-02-12 | 2012-11-21 | 唐兆青 | Cultivation method of apple bonsai realizing current-year fruiting and market-selling in Spring Festival |
| CN102668832A (en) * | 2012-01-15 | 2012-09-19 | 河南科技大学 | Pot culture method for persimmons |
| CN102668832B (en) * | 2012-01-15 | 2014-09-17 | 河南科技大学 | Pot culture method for persimmons |
| CN102972268A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2013-03-20 | 吴太平 | Method for potting and selling apples after being outdoor grown |
| CN102972134A (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2013-03-20 | 林平 | Flower pot and field transformation cultivation technique |
| CN103960069A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-08-06 | 唐兆青 | Method for delay of apple bonsai in autumn and winter |
| CN104904470A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-09-16 | 沈阳农业大学 | Method for making single strain-fruited apple bonsai |
| CN106982694A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-07-28 | 吕强 | A kind of method that apple cultivation phase improves yield |
| CN109089688A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-12-28 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of oriental cherry method for potted |
| CN109168838A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2019-01-11 | 安徽德丰生态农业有限公司 | A kind of management and cultivation method of potted apple |
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Open date: 20110323 |