CN101941321A - Method for manufacturing synthetic leather and synthetic leather - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing synthetic leather and synthetic leather Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101941321A
CN101941321A CN 201010245381 CN201010245381A CN101941321A CN 101941321 A CN101941321 A CN 101941321A CN 201010245381 CN201010245381 CN 201010245381 CN 201010245381 A CN201010245381 A CN 201010245381A CN 101941321 A CN101941321 A CN 101941321A
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synthetic leather
foaming
polyurethane resin
waterborne polyurethane
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CN101941321B (en
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卢子标
谢镇铭
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LISHUI CITY UNIQUE AQUEOUS PU TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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LISHUI CITY UNIQUE AQUEOUS PU TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing synthetic leather and the synthetic leather prepared by the method. The method comprises the following steps: (1) coating slurry containing surface waterborne polyurethane resin on the surface of release paper, and drying to form a finishing coat; (2) mixing and foaming the slurry containing the foaming waterborne polyurethane resin with air by using a foaming machine, and coating the foamed slurry on the surface of the finishing layer, and drying to form a medium foaming layer; and (3) adhering the surface of the foaming layer and a basic fabric by using an adhesive containing waterborne polyurethane resin, and drying. The method uses the waterborne resin foaming layer to replace the Base leather manufacturing process, avoids using toxic and harmful organic solvents, such as dimetbyl formamide (DMF), toluene and the like, solves the pollution problem in the synthetic leather industry, and realizes clean manufacture of the synthetic leather.

Description

A kind of production method of synthetic leather and synthetic leather
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of synthetic leather and the synthetic leather that this method of use makes.
Background technology
At present, the use for synthetic leather resin overwhelming majority that uses of synthetic leather industry both domestic and external is solvent type polyurethane resin.Production artificial leather, synthetic leather technology mainly are divided into dry method polyurethane leather-making technology and wet polyurethane leather-making technology.Dry method polyurethane leather-making technology, be meant the solvent evaporates in the solvent type polyurethane resin fallen after, the plural layers that obtain add base fabric and the multilayer structure making that constitutes, comprise directly being coated with the method for scraping and release liners method.After the wet polyurethane leather-making technology is meant the solvent evaporates in the solvent type polyurethane resin is fallen, adopt the multilayer structure making that gas permeability and poisture-penetrability have continuous poriferous layer again simultaneously that has that becomes in the water that embrane method obtains, comprise single cladding process, infusion process and impregnation cladding process, wet processing production be that semi-finished product are commonly called as " bass " (BASE), must after dry process and other post processing, just become finished product again.
No matter be to use dry method polyurethane leather-making technology or wet polyurethane leather-making technology, all to use solvent type polyurethane resin in process of production, owing to contain poisonous and hazardous chemical solvents such as a large amount of dimethyl formamide (DMF), toluene, butanone in the solvent type polyurethane resin, in synthetic leather production and use, all can have a large amount of chemical solvents to evaporate in the surrounding environment and go.All can cause huge injury to environment, human body like this.For China's synthetic leather industry, use solvent type polyurethane resin to produce synthetic leather for a long time, caused " three height " situation of whole industry " high pollution, high energy consumption, high-risk ".Want to solve " three height " situation that China's synthetic leather industry exists now, can only deal with problems from the source, its approach of dealing with problems just is to use water-base resin to replace solvent type resin to be used for synthetic leather production.
At present, waterborne polyurethane for synthetic leather resin great majority belong to anionic water type polyurethane resin on the market, promptly on the carbamate macromolecular chain, insert dihydromethyl propionic acid, use organic base that it is neutralized into carboxylate (as: COONa etc.) then, the oiliness system that will have hydrophilic radical again under the effect of high speed dispersor is dispersed in the water, obtains aqueous polyurethane dispersing liquid.
Through years of researches and development, up to the present waterborne polyurethane resin has successfully applied to the synthetic leather industry, has technically obtained important breakthrough.But with regard to the synthetic leather manufacturing process, waterborne polyurethane resin has mainly been obtained progress at present on dry process, on the wet processing also in constantly exploring.Use for synthetic leather " bass " still needs to adopt the solvent type polyurethane resin slurry.So just two problems have appearred: the one, though the synthetic leather industry has been used water-base resin,, can't thoroughly solve " three height " problem in the industry production process because the defective of leather-making technology still can only partly reach environmental protection; The 2nd, cause leather goods can't reach the ecological, environmental protective requirement comprehensively, can't fundamentally improve the class of synthetic leather.
Summary of the invention
In the aqueous polyurethane dispersing liquid system, each polyurethane molecular generally all has two class groups: the one, and hydrophilic polar group, another is the non-polar group of oleophylic.Hydrocarbon chain partly is nonpolar lipophilic group, dissolve in oil phase and be insoluble to water, and carboxy moiety is the hydrophilic radical of polarity, dissolves in water and is insoluble to oil phase.In the aqueous polyurethane dispersing liquid system, the hydrophilic group of polyurethane molecular is subjected to the affinity of water, and lipophilic group then is subjected to the repulsive force of water, so that polyurethane molecular accumulates on the air-water interface, and water-wet side is towards water, and air is pointed in the hydrophobic end.Under stirring action, air enters this system by the air-water interface layer.Cause this system volume to expand, this moment, aqueous polyurethane dispersing liquid wrapped up air with the form of liquid film.At this moment, the inside of bubble is stretched in the hydrophobic end of polyurethane molecular, and hydrophilic group is towards the adsorbed film of water.The foam of formation is owing to the buoyancy of water rises to the surface of liquid and constantly piles up the thick froth bed of formation one deck, the principle of waterborne polyurethane resin foaming that Here it is.
Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of synthetic leather production method, replace solvent-borne type " bass " by aqueous polyurethane physical mechanical foam production water-base resin middle foaming layer, substitute existing dried, wet method leather-making technology, with the waterborne polyurethane resin is the process hides raw material, avoid using poisonous chemical solvents such as dimethyl formamide, solve " three height " problem of synthetic leather industry, realize the cleaner production of synthetic leather.
The invention provides a kind of production method of synthetic leather, this method comprises the steps:
(1) slurry that will contain surface layer waterborne polyurethane resin (PUD-2) is coated in release liners surface and the dry surface layer that forms;
(2) use foaming machine will contain the slurry and the air mixed foaming of expansion type waterborne polyurethane resin (PUD-1), the slurry after will foaming then is coated in described facing surface and the dry middle foaming layer that forms;
(3) use the adhesive that contains gluing waterborne polyurethane resin (PUD-3) to fit the surface and the base cloth of described foaming layer also dry.
According to production method provided by the invention, described foaming machine can be in quick runner type, pressure-air type, the air blast mesolow type foaming machine a kind of, be preferably air blast mesolow type foaming machine, for example, the ecological synthetic leather production line special-purpose foaming of the water-based machine YH-FPJ06 of great mechanical Co., Ltd of Zhangjiagang unit production.This foaming machine mainly is made up of the first-class several parts of gas control system, screw pump, premixed device and foaming, and its workflow specifically describes as follows as shown in Figure 1:
A, the needed air of foaming, enter premixed device and mix the thick foam of generation with the PUD-1 slurry through glass rotors gas spare flowmeter through passing through vacuum filter after the compressor compresses.In this process, by the air inlet size that air was controlled and regulated to glass rotors gas spare flowmeter, can be with the air flow control that enters premixed device in the present invention the 1-5 liter/minute, be preferably the 2-4 liter/minute.
B, PUD-1 slurry suck in the premixed device by the screw pump effect and enter frothing head again after mixing the thick foam of generation with air.Wherein, screw pump is to come transmission by the Frequency Converter Control alternating current generator and by the deceleration sprocket wheel, the control of the rotating speed of screw pump blade is finished by Frequency Converter Control screw pump rotating speed of motor, thereby controlled the inlet amount of PUD-1 slurry thus.
C, frothing head adopt the dynamic foam theory of axial flow radiant type, and more than 500 are assembled on rotor and the stator to the stainless steel square tooth of arranging in length and breadth, its speed of cutting the bubble action is by Frequency Converter Control frothing head rotating speed of motor, and pass through the speed reducing pulley transmission.
Preferably, before foaming, the viscosity of described expansion type aqueous polyurethane slurry can be controlled between the 1000-20000cps.The volume ratio of slurry before and after foaming can be 1: 2-8 is preferably 1: 3-6.When standard configuration, the use general power of described foaming machine can be about 4KW, the gas release of foaming machine generally can for the 40-70 kilogram/hour, be preferably the 50-60 kilogram/hour.
According to production method provided by the invention, wherein, described release liners can be in U.S.'s release liners, Britain's release liners, Japanese release liners, the Italian release liners one or more, is preferably U.S.'s release liners, for example, the DE90 release liners of U.S.'s Warren company production, 274# release liners etc.
According to production method provided by the invention, wherein, the composition of the slurry of the described PUD-2 of containing can comprise: surface layer waterborne polyurethane resin (PUD-2) 20-50 weight %, water 40-80 weight %, thickener 0.5-2 weight %, defoamer 0.1-1 weight %, levelling agent 0.1-2 weight %, outside cross-linking agent 0.5-5 weight % and aqueous color paste 5-25 weight %.Wherein, described surface layer waterborne polyurethane resin (PUD-2) can be in anionic water type polyurethane resin, cationic water polyurethane resin, non-ion aqueous polyurethane resin and the hybrid ionic type waterborne polyurethane resin one or more, is preferably anionic water type polyurethane resin.For example, UNK PUD-200, UNK PUD-230, UNK PUD-600 and the UNKPUD-5050 etc. of Lishui City Unique Aqueous PU Technology Co., Ltd.'s production.
The composition of the slurry of the described PUD-1 of containing can comprise: expansion type waterborne polyurethane resin (PUD-1) 40-70 weight %, water 30-60 weight %, wood powder 2-15 weight %, foam stabiliser 0.5-5 weight %, levelling agent 0.1-2 weight % and thickener 0.5-1 weight %.Wherein, described expansion type waterborne polyurethane resin (PUD-1) can be in anionic water type polyurethane resin, cationic water polyurethane resin, non-ion aqueous polyurethane resin and the hybrid ionic type waterborne polyurethane resin one or more, is preferably anionic water type polyurethane resin.For example, LP RSC1537, the LP RSC1380 of the production of Bayer material trade (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., LP RSC3040 etc.
The composition of described adhesive can comprise: adhesive type waterborne polyurethane resin (PUD-3) 20-50 weight %, water 40-80 weight %, thickener 0.5-5 weight %, defoamer 0.1-2 weight % and outside cross-linking agent 0.5-3 weight %.Wherein, described adhesive type waterborne polyurethane resin (PUD-3) can be in anionic water type polyurethane resin, cationic water polyurethane resin, non-ion aqueous polyurethane resin and the hybrid ionic type waterborne polyurethane resin one or more, is preferably anionic water type polyurethane resin.For example, UNKPUD-380, the UNK PUD-350 of Lishui City Unique Aqueous PU Technology Co., Ltd.'s production, UNK PUD-340 etc.
Wherein, the kind of described aqueous color paste, thickener, defoamer, levelling agent and outside cross-linking agent and using method are conventionally known to one of skill in the art, repeat no more herein.The effect of described wood powder comprises two aspects: reduce production costs on the one hand, help mechanical foaming on the other hand.Can use the wood powder of various routines.For example, the use for synthetic leather wood powder of east, Shanghai happiness Industrial Co., Ltd. production.Described foam stabiliser can the reduction system in the surface tension of each component, increase the intersolubility of each component and stablize foaming process, help obtaining the uniform foam microcellular structure in aperture.Be used for foam stabiliser of the present invention and be preferably silicone based foam stabiliser.For example, the silicon foams stabilizing agent of Jiangsu Yoke Chemical Co., Ltd.'s production.
Described base cloth can be in looped fabric, woven cloth and the non-weaving cloth one or more, is preferably looped fabric or woven cloth.Being used for the various looped fabrics of synthetic leather and the kind of woven cloth is conventionally known to one of skill in the art with being purchased approach.
In production method provided by the invention, method dry in described step (1)-(3) can be used the general the whole bag of tricks in this area, the solvent of removing in view of waiting in the method for the invention to volatilize is a water, in order to improve drying efficiency, preferably adopts the infrared oven drying method of medium wave to carry out drying.The temperature of described oven dry can be determined according to the composition and the thickness of each layer, for example, can be 100-300 ℃, is preferably 110-220 ℃.The mode of oven dry can be heated at constant temperature, also can be the heating of segmentation alternating temperature.The time of oven dry can be definite according to the composition and the thickness of each layer, for example, can be 2-60 minute, is preferably 3-10 minute.
Production method of the present invention can also be included in step (1) before, discharges release liners and regulates transmission tension force and the speed of release liners on production line.
Therefore, in a kind of concrete embodiment, production method of the present invention can comprise the steps:
(1) discharges release liners and regulate transmission tension force and the speed of release liners on production line;
(2) release liners is sent to first and is coated with the platform place, apply surface layer waterborne polyurethane resin slurry, transmit again in the long medium wave IR bake of 15-25 rice and carry out drying, form the synthetic leather surface layer;
(3) cooled release liners with surface layer is sent to second and is coated with platform, will be coated on the surface layer, transmit again in the long medium wave IR bake of 15-25 rice and carry out drying, form the synthetic leather middle foaming layer by the middle foaming layer slurry that the foaming machine foaming obtains;
(4) cooled release liners with surface layer and middle foaming layer is sent to the 3rd and is coated with platform, apply aqueous polyurethane bottom adhesive slurry, again with the base cloth sending station on base cloth fit, transmit then in the long medium wave IR bake of 25-35 rice and carry out drying, drying is after the chill roll cooling, through stripping off device release liners is separated with synthetic leather again, at last with the synthetic leather rolling.
The present invention also provides a kind of synthetic leather that is made by production method of the present invention.Thickness for each layer that constitutes described synthetic leather does not limit especially, can determine according to concrete service condition, generally speaking, the thickness of described base cloth can be the 0.1-0.5 millimeter, the thickness of described middle foaming layer can be the 0.2-0.5 millimeter, and the thickness of described surface layer can be the 0.02-0.05 millimeter.
The production method of synthetic leather provided by the invention and have following advantage by the synthetic leather that this method is made:
One, realizes the environmental protection truly of synthetic leather industry
Leather-making technology round Realization provided by the invention the Water-borne modification of synthetic leather surface layer, middle level (foaming layer) and bottom (adhesive layer), no longer need to use " bass " produced by wet processing by solvent type resin.Such benefit is all to have avoided poisonous chemical solvents such as dimethyl formamide that the operating personnel and the terminal consumer at scene are caused actual bodily harm in the production of synthetic leather and operational phase, priorly avoided poisonous chemical solvent to evaporate in the atmospheric environment going, solve the pollution problem of synthetic leather industry from the source, realized the cleaner production of synthetic leather.
Two, realize the further lifting of synthetic leather quality
The synthetic leather product that the inventive method adopts pure dry method aqueous polyurethane foaming synthetic leather production technology to produce.On chemical property, system grassland material is nontoxic, the cleaner production of process hides process, and the leather goods safety and environmental protection, thus overall process meets the ecological, environmental protective requirement; On physical property, contain a series of multi-functional groups such as carbamate groups, allophanate group, urea groups ester group, ether, ketone group, phenyl ring, carboxyl, hydroxyl, amino on the polyurethane high molecule chain, the resistance to water of the synthetic leather of making, solvent resistance, wearability, scratch resistance, anti-crapyness, saturating wet, permeability and feel all are better than the synthetic leather that solvent borne polyurethane is produced.
Three, simplify leather-making technology, significantly reduce the process hides cost
Use method for leather-making of the present invention to replace traditional dry method, wet method leather-making technology to make synthetic leather, can simplify leather-making technology, reduce the process hides cost significantly, be embodied in following two aspects:
No matter 1 is that solvent type resin is produced synthetic leather or water-base resin is produced synthetic leather, under traditional leather-making technology, want to make synthetic leather to have good hand feeling, skin emulation effect, wet production line are indispensable.And method for leather-making of the present invention adopts the aqueous foaming resin bed to replace " bass " of wet processing production to be applied on the synthetic leather, can make synthetic leather have excellent handle, skin emulation effect equally.Therefore method of the present invention can be broken away from the dependence of synthetic leather industry to wet processing fully, reduce fund input, equipment input and the human resources input of enterprise to wet production line, but also simplified leather-making technology greatly, reduced the requirement of tanning technology to operating personnel.
(2) the wet method leather-making technology uses solvent type resin to produce synthetic leather, and solvent type resin just means have organic solvent to exist.According to statistics, the average daily solvent type resin that consumes about 10 tons of wet production line, and be chemical solvent more than 50% by present isolation technics estimation, probably has 85% chemical solvent to reclaim.Consider that the stalling characteristic between chemical solvent and the water needs lot of energy, therefore, synthetic leather enterprise can be placed on a large amount of energy consumptions in the process hides post processing, and this has obviously increased the cost of leather-making enterprises.Method of the present invention adopts pure dry method leather-making technology, uses water-base resin, does not need post processing that chemical solvent is reclaimed, from and reduced the process hides cost greatly.
Description of drawings
The workflow diagram of the YH-FPJ06 type foaming machine that Fig. 1 preferably uses for the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment the present invention is further described in detail, the embodiment that provides is only in order to illustrate the present invention, rather than in order to limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment is used to illustrate synthetic leather production method provided by the invention.
1, process hides material
The 1-1 release liners
The DE90 release liners of using U.S. Warren company to produce.
The 1-2 surface layer slurry
The UNK PUD-200 waterborne polyurethane resin that uses Lishui excellent Nike water-base resin Science and Technology Ltd. to produce.35 weight portion UNK PUD-200 waterborne polyurethane resins, 65 parts by weight of deionized water, 0.8 weight portion thickener, 0.4 weight portion defoamer, 0.6 weight portion levelling agent, 1 weight portion outside cross-linking agent and 15 weight portion water-based mill bases are mixed, and it is composite to carry out thickening under high speed dispersor stirs, and viscosity transfers to 3000cps/20 ℃ promptly becomes the use for synthetic leather surface layer slurry.
1-3 middle foaming layer slurry
The LP RSC1380 waterborne polyurethane resin that uses Bayer material trade (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. to produce.60 weight portion LP RSC1380 waterborne polyurethane resins, 40 parts by weight of deionized water, 1.2 weight portion levelling agents, 0.4 weight portion thickener, 10 weight portion wood powders and 3 weight portion foam stabilisers are mixed, and it is composite to carry out thickening under high speed dispersor stirs, and viscosity transfers to 2000cps/20 ℃ promptly becomes use for synthetic leather foaming layer slurry.
1-4 bottom adhesive slurry
The UNK PUD-380 waterborne polyurethane resin that uses Lishui excellent Nike water-base resin Science and Technology Ltd. to produce.35 weight portion UNK PUD-380 waterborne polyurethane resins, 65 parts by weight of deionized water, 2 weight portion thickeners, 0.6 weight portion defoamer and 1 weight portion outside cross-linking agent are mixed, and it is composite to carry out thickening under high speed dispersor stirs, and viscosity transfers to 30000cps/20 ℃ promptly becomes use for synthetic leather adhesive slurry.
The 1-5 base cloth
The woven cloth that uses Zhejiang Tong Feng leather base cloth Co., Ltd to produce.
2, the preparation of synthetic leather
After the first DE90 release liners with drying of 2-1 is placed on sheet holding member, regulate the translational speed of release liners on production line through device for paper receiving.When release liners moves to first place when being coated with platform, (1=0.01mm) thickness is coated on the DE90 release liners surface layer slurry that step 1-2 is made equably by 5 by being coated with platform.The release liners that have UNK PUD-200 surface layer slurry this moment under the drive of driver with 10 meters/minute the irradiation of speed at infrared radiator under by first section medium wave IR bake, first section medium wave IR bake grown 20 meters, 110 ℃, 120 ℃, 130 ℃ three warm areas from low to high are set in the baking oven, and each warm area keeps the temperature that is provided with of this warm area respectively by the power density of regulating the medium wave infrared tube in this warm area.Three warm areas are provided with length and are respectively 5 meters, 10 meters, 5 meters.In having the environment of temperature gradient, dry synthetic leather, moisture content can relax very much passes through that pore outwards volatilizees in the coating, has avoided moisture content very fast evaporation in hot environment to break through surface, causes surface uneven, spread all over the pore that breaks, thereby influence the quality of leather.The steam that drying course produces is discharged outside first section medium wave IR bake by ventilating system.Enter second after UNK PUD-200 surface layer resin bed after the oven dry cools off by chill roll and be coated with platform.
The ecological synthetic leather production line special-purpose foaming of the water-based machine YH-FPJ06 that 2-2 uses great mechanical Co., Ltd of Zhangjiagang unit to produce, at first the middle foaming layer slurry that step 1-2 is made is by the effect suction premixed device of screw pump (screw pump electric machine frequency parameter is 50HZ).Meanwhile, compressed air passes through vacuum filter, the air mass flow that is entered premixed device by the control of glass rotors gas spare flowmeter is 3.45 liters/minute, when mixing the thick foam of generation with air after, slurry enters frothing head again, slurry and total volume of air are carried out refinement by 1: 5 volume before and after the foaming to foam in frothing head, export foamed slurry at last.
2-3 when the surface layer slurry after first section oven for drying, be coated with the platform place second and be coated on the surface layer equably by 40 the thickness middle foaming layer slurry after with step 2-2 foaming.After the starching, the release liners that has a foaming layer slurry under the drive of driver with 10 meters/minute the irradiation of speed at infrared radiator under by second section medium wave IR bake.Second section medium wave IR bake grown 20 meters, and 100 ℃, 120 ℃, 135 ℃ three warm areas from low to high are set in the baking oven, and three warm areas are provided with length and are respectively 5 meters, 5 meters, 10 meters.The steam that drying course produces is discharged outside second section medium wave IR bake by ventilating system.
2-4 middle foaming layer slurry is cooled to room temperature through chill roll after drying through second section medium wave IR bake, is coated with the UNK PUD-380 waterborne polyurethane resin adhesive slurry that platform coating step 1-4 makes through the 3rd again, and starching thickness is 12.Then base cloth and adhesive are fitted, enter the 3rd section medium wave IR bake oven dry after the applying.The 3rd section medium wave IR bake grown 30 meters, and the power output of medium wave infrared lamp is 40Kw/m 2, bake out temperature is 140 ℃, and drying time is 3 minutes, and the speed of a motor vehicle is controlled to be 10 meters/minute.The steam that this drying course produces is discharged outside the 3rd section medium wave IR bake by ventilating system, by coiler release liners is separated with synthetic leather after the oven dry back is cooled to room temperature by chill roll, and the side cut rolling promptly obtains product, and note is made A1.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment is used to illustrate synthetic leather production method provided by the invention.
1, process hides material
Use the various process hides materials identical with embodiment 1.
2, the preparation of synthetic leather
After the first DE90 release liners with drying of 2-1 is placed on sheet holding member, regulate the translational speed of release liners on production line through device for paper receiving.When release liners moves to first place when being coated with platform, the surface layer slurry that step 1-2 is made is coated on the DE90 release liners by 5 thickness equably by being coated with platform.The release liners that have UNK PUD-200 surface layer slurry this moment under the drive of driver with 10 meters/minute the irradiation of speed at infrared radiator under by first section medium wave IR bake, first section medium wave IR bake grown 20 meters, 110 ℃, 120 ℃, 130 ℃ three warm areas from low to high are set in the baking oven, and three warm areas are provided with length and are respectively 5 meters, 10 meters, 5 meters.The steam that drying course produces is discharged outside first section medium wave IR bake by ventilating system.Enter second after UNK PUD-200 surface layer resin bed after the oven dry cools off by chill roll and be coated with platform.
The ecological synthetic leather production line special-purpose foaming of the water-based machine YH-FPJ06 that 2-2 uses great mechanical Co., Ltd of Zhangjiagang unit to produce, at first the middle foaming layer slurry that step 1-2 is made is by the effect suction premixed device of screw pump (screw pump electric machine frequency parameter is 50HZ).Meanwhile, compressed air passes through vacuum filter, the flow that is entered the premixed device air by the control of glass rotors gas spare flowmeter is 2.76 liters/minute, when mixing the thick foam of generation with air after, slurry enters frothing head again, slurry and total volume of air are carried out refinement by 1: 4 volume before and after the foaming to foam in frothing head, export foamed slurry at last.
2-3 when the surface layer slurry after first section oven for drying, be coated with the platform place second and be coated on the surface layer equably by 30 the thickness middle foaming layer slurry after with step 2-2 foaming.After the starching, the release liners that has a foaming layer slurry under the drive of driver with 10 meters/minute the irradiation of speed at infrared radiator under by second section medium wave IR bake.Second section medium wave IR bake grown 20 meters, and 100 ℃, 120 ℃, 135 ℃ three warm areas from low to high are set in the baking oven, and three warm areas are provided with length and are respectively 5 meters, 5 meters, 10 meters.The steam that drying course produces is discharged outside second section medium wave IR bake by ventilating system.
2-4 middle foaming layer slurry is cooled to room temperature through chill roll after drying through second section medium wave IR bake, is coated with the UNK PUD-380 waterborne polyurethane resin adhesive slurry that platform coating step 1-4 makes through the 3rd again, and starching thickness is 12.Then base cloth and adhesive are fitted, enter the 3rd section medium wave IR bake oven dry after the applying.The 3rd section medium wave IR bake grown 30 meters, and the power output of medium wave infrared lamp is 40Kw/m 2, bake out temperature is 140 ℃, and drying time is 3 minutes, and the speed of a motor vehicle is controlled to be 10 meters/minute.The steam that this drying course produces is discharged outside the 3rd section medium wave IR bake by ventilating system, by coiler release liners is separated with synthetic leather after the oven dry back is cooled to room temperature by chill roll, and the side cut rolling promptly obtains product, and note is made A2.
Comparative Examples 1
The product that this Comparative Examples is used for producing with synthetic leather production technology provided by the invention compares.
1, process hides material
The 1-1 release liners
The DE90 release liners of using U.S. Warren company to produce.
The 1-2 surface layer slurry
The UNK PUD-200 waterborne polyurethane resin that uses Lishui excellent Nike water-base resin Science and Technology Ltd. to produce.35 weight portion UNK PUD-200 waterborne polyurethane resins, 65 parts by weight of deionized water, 0.8 weight portion thickener, 0.4 weight portion defoamer, 0.6 weight portion levelling agent, 1 weight portion outside cross-linking agent and 15 weight portion water-based mill bases are mixed, and it is composite to carry out thickening under high speed dispersor stirs, and viscosity transfers to 3000cps/20 ℃ promptly becomes the use for synthetic leather surface layer slurry.
1-3 bottom adhesive slurry
The UNK PUD-380 waterborne polyurethane resin that uses Lishui excellent Nike water-base resin Science and Technology Ltd. to produce.35 weight portion UNK PUD-380 waterborne polyurethane resins, 65 parts by weight of deionized water, 2 weight portion thickeners, 0.6 weight portion defoamer and 1 weight portion outside cross-linking agent are mixed, and it is composite to carry out thickening under high speed dispersor stirs, and viscosity transfers to 30000cps/20 ℃ promptly becomes use for synthetic leather adhesive slurry.
1-4 bass (BASE)
The solvent-borne type " bass " that uses the prosperous very artificial leather Co., Ltd in Yiwu to produce, thick 0.8 millimeter.
2, the preparation of synthetic leather
This Comparative Examples adopts the conventional dry leather-making technology of bass veneer to make synthetic leather.
1, process hides material
Use the various process hides materials identical with embodiment 1.
2, the preparation of synthetic leather
After the first DE90 release liners with drying of 2-1 is placed on sheet holding member, regulate the translational speed of release liners on production line through device for paper receiving.When release liners moves to first place when being coated with platform, the surface layer slurry that step 1-2 is made is coated on the DE90 release liners by 5 thickness equably by being coated with platform.The release liners that have UNK PUD-200 surface layer slurry this moment under the drive of driver with 10 meters/minute the irradiation of speed at infrared radiator under by first section medium wave IR bake, first section medium wave IR bake grown 20 meters, 110 ℃, 120 ℃, 130 ℃ three warm areas from low to high are set in the baking oven, and three warm areas are provided with length and are respectively 5 meters, 10 meters, 5 meters.The steam that drying course produces is discharged outside first section medium wave IR bake by ventilating system.Enter second after UNK PUD-200 surface layer resin bed after the oven dry cools off by chill roll and be coated with platform.
2-2 is under the situation that stops the work of second section medium wave IR bake, UNK PUD-200 surface layer resin bed is after first section medium wave IR bake oven dry, after being cooled to room temperature by chill roll, be coated with the UNK PUD-380 waterborne polyurethane resin adhesive slurry that platform coating step 1-3 makes through the 3rd, starching thickness is 12.Then 1-4 " bass " fitted with adhesive, enter the 3rd section medium wave IR bake oven dry after the applying.The 3rd section medium wave IR bake grown 30 meters, and the power output of medium wave infrared lamp is 40Kw/m 2, bake out temperature is 140 ℃, and drying time is 3 minutes, and the speed of a motor vehicle is controlled to be 10 meters/minute.The steam that this drying course produces is discharged outside the 3rd section medium wave IR bake by ventilating system, by coiler release liners is separated with synthetic leather after the oven dry back is cooled to room temperature by chill roll, and the side cut rolling promptly obtains product, and note is made C1.
Performance measurement
Product A 1 that the embodiment of the invention 1 and 2 is made and A2 and C1 carry out following performance test, and test result is listed in table 1.
1, water absorption rate is measured: the m1g that weighs after sample is sheared by 2cm * 2cm, and put into running water and soak after 24 hours and take out, dry the m2g that weighs behind the water on surface, utilize formula calculating water absorption rate to be: (m2-m1)/m1 * 100%.
2, alkaline-resisting solution property is measured: the sodium hydroxide solution of putting into 10 weight % after sample is sheared by 2cm * 2cm soaks observes after 24 hours whether specimen surface ftractures, efflorescence.
3, anti-toluene performance measurement: the m3g that weighs after sample sheared by 2cm * 2cm, put into pure toluene and soak after 24 hours and take out, dry the m4g that weighs behind the toluene on surface, utilize formula to calculate to inhale the toluene rate to be: (m4-m3)/m3 * 100%.
4, the ethanol-tolerant performance is measured: the m5g that weighs after sample is sheared by 2cm * 2cm, and put into 95% alcohol and soak after 24 hours and take out, dry the m6g that weighs behind the alcohol on surface, utilize formula to calculate suction alcohol rate to be: (m6-m5)/m5 * 100%.
5, feel test: mainly contact with staff by observing, sample A1, A2 contact its pliability of comparison and whether have leather effect by staff with C1.
6, anti-wear performance test: normative reference QB/T2726-2005.
Table 1
Figure BSA00000217350500121
Description by embodiment 1 and 2 and the data in the table 1 are as can be seen, method of the present invention has avoided using poisonous chemical solvents such as the dimethyl formamide that uses in the conventional method, toluene in process of production, realize the cleaner production of synthetic leather, reduced production cost; And its water-fast, alkaline-resisting water-based energy of the synthetic leather that makes, chemical solvent performances such as anti-toluene, alcohol, feel and anti-wear performance all are better than the synthetic leather that solvent-borne type " bass " is produced.

Claims (10)

1. the production method of a synthetic leather, this method comprises the steps:
(1) slurry that will contain the surface layer waterborne polyurethane resin is coated in release liners surface and the dry surface layer that forms;
(2) use foaming machine will contain the slurry and the air mixed foaming of expansion type waterborne polyurethane resin, the slurry after will foaming then is coated in described facing surface and the dry middle foaming layer that forms;
(3) use the adhesive that contains gluing waterborne polyurethane resin to fit the surface and the base cloth of described foaming layer also dry.
2. production method according to claim 1, wherein, in step (2), the described volume ratio of slurry before and after foaming that contains the expansion type waterborne polyurethane resin is 1: 2-8 is preferably 1: 3-6.
3. preparation method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described foaming machine is a kind of in quick runner type foaming machine, pressure-air type foaming machine and the air blast mesolow type foaming machine.
4. according to each described preparation method in the claim 1 to 3, wherein, described foaming machine is an air blast mesolow type foaming machine.
5. according to each described preparation method in the claim 1 to 4, wherein, the described composition that contains the slurry of expansion type waterborne polyurethane resin comprises: expansion type waterborne polyurethane resin 40-70 weight %, water 30-60 weight %, wood powder 2-15 weight %, foam stabiliser 0.5-5 weight %, levelling agent 0.1-2 weight % and thickener 0.5-1 weight %.
6. according to each described preparation method in the claim 1 to 5, wherein, the described composition that contains the slurry of surface layer resin comprises: surface layer waterborne polyurethane resin 20-50 weight %, water 40-80 weight %, thickener 0.5-2 weight %, defoamer 0.1-1 weight %, levelling agent 0.1-2 weight %, outside cross-linking agent 0.5-5 weight % and aqueous color paste 5-25 weight %.
7. according to each described preparation method in the claim 1 to 6, wherein, the composition of described adhesive comprises: adhesive type waterborne polyurethane resin 20-50 weight %, water 40-80 weight %, thickener 0.5-5 weight %, defoamer 0.1-2 weight % and outside cross-linking agent 0.5-3 weight %.
8. according to each described method in the claim 1 to 7, wherein, method dry in described step (1)-(3) is the infrared oven drying method of medium wave.
9. according to each described method in the claim 1 to 7, wherein, this method also is included in step (1) before, discharges release liners and regulates transmission tension force and the speed of release liners on production line.
10. synthetic leather that makes by each described preparation method in the claim 1 to 9.
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