CN101861818A

CN101861818A - Method for quickly breaking birchleaf pear rootstock seed dormancy by using sodium nitroprusside

Info

Publication number: CN101861818A
Application number: CN201010203725A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张杏妹; 张绍铃; 任伯民
Original assignee: WUJIANG DONGZHITIANMU AGRICULTRUE ECOLOGICAL GARDEN
Current assignee: WUJIANG DONGZHITIANMU AGRICULTRUE ECOLOGICAL GARDEN
Priority date: 2010-06-21
Filing date: 2010-06-21
Publication date: 2010-10-20

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for quickly breaking birchleaf pear seed dormancy, and belongs to the technical field of plant production. The method for quickly breaking the birchleaf pear seed dormancy mainly comprises the following steps of: 1) picking and washing seeds; 2) soaking the seeds into clear water and sterilizing the seeds; 3) treating the seeds with a chemical agent and cleaning the seeds; and 4) sowing the seeds. The birchleaf pear seeds treated by sodium nitroprusside (SNP) begin to sprout after being sown for 3 days and fully sprout about one week later, wherein the sprouting percentage reaches over 80 percent. The method has the advantages of simpleness, convenience, quickness, safety, and good application and popularization prospect.

Description

Handle the method for quick breaking birchleaf pear rootstock seed dormancy with sodium nitroprussiate

Technical field

The present invention is a kind of method of breaking the pears rootstock seed dormancy fast, it relates to pears rootstock seed dormancy and sprouting, belongs to technical field of plant production, set up a cover simply, easily and fast, the detection method of safety.

Background technology

Production has brought inconvenience to the hibernation feature that the pears seed has to agriculture and forestry, explore how quick, easy, remove the seed dormant method of pears safely and on producing, have great practice significance.On producing,, often use artificial way to break seed dormancy in order to accelerate seed germination and to improve percentage of seedgermination.Because pears seed kind skin is thicker, the methods such as kind of a skin, hydrogen peroxide or the concentrated sulfuric acid that can spend are handled, and with breakage kind skin, increase the ventilative and water permeable ability of kind of skin, improve percentage of seedgermination.But go kind of skin germination test numerous and diverse time-consuming, and easy damaged embryo, is being difficult to differentiate the ablastous seed that exceeds the time limit to have lost germinating capacity? still the performance of dormancy? the germination test that the hydrogen peroxide and the concentrated sulfuric acid are handled, because of grasping bad solution concentration or seed soak time, cause that seed is impaired maybe can not break seed dormancy, note personal safety during use at any time; Adopt the pears seed that other chemical agent (polyethylene glycol, potassium nitrate) and hormone (gibberellin) are handled kind of skin, germination rate is low, and speed of germination is slow, handle the pears seed that does not have kind of skin, the germination rate height, speed of germination is fast, but go kind of skin work time-consuming, the easy damaged embryo.Use the lamination facture and break the pears seed dormancy, need seed mixed with wet matters such as wet sand or wet peat or layering be placed on store 40～60 days breaking dormancies under the condition of low temperature, moistening, ventilation after, sow the ability rudiment, the time is longer.Seed during sand is hidden often because of moisture or aeration condition hold bad takes place mildew and rot, or hold the length of bad low temperature lamination time, thereby influence the normal breaking dormancy of seed, cause after planting seed not germinate or germination rate low, make ready field piece can't normally grow seedlings and missed and grown seedlings, cause to produce and affect adversely and economic loss season, for the hybrid seed of regaining by hybridization, if earthing of seeds is handled bad can not the germination, will influence the breeding work plan.For addressing the above problem, through research to pears seed dormancy and sprouting, on the basis of verifying pears dormancy characteristics of different and corresponding broken dormancy technology, set up one overlap quick, easy, remove the seed dormant new method of pears---nitre Pu Nafa safely.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem the present invention is a kind of method of quickly breaking dormancy of birch-leaf pear seeds.Handle the breaking birchleaf pear seed dormancy by SNP, directly promote the birch-leaf pear seed sprouting, thus set up a cover quick, easy, remove the seed dormant new method of pears safely.

Technical scheme the present invention is by SNP method quickly breaking dormancy of birch-leaf pear seeds, and seed does not need the lamination processing just can sprout, and its process has laboratory germination test and field germination test two parts.Concrete steps are as follows:

1) collection of seed: the pericarp of ripening fruits is peeled off, wash rejecting pulp by rubbing with the hands, remove the inferior strain of keeping afloat with wet cleaning process, select full, unabroken seed, plant the pulp that adheres on the skin with mass volume ratio 20%NaCl immersion treatment seed to remove then, take out the back and brush away kind of the impurity on skin surface (but can not damage the surface texture that forms naturally in the seed development) gently, seed is shakeout place indoor natural seasoning with writing brush.

2) seed suction: the dry seed that will dry is put into water and is soaked, and seed soaking 1h fully absorbs water seed and reaches capacity.

3) chemical agent is handled: the birch-leaf pear seed is soaked the 8min sterilization with mass volume ratio 0.1% mercuric chloride solution, after flushing with clean water, seed is placed the mass volume ratio 0.8%SNP solution 24h that soaks seed respectively, then with running water with seed flushing 10 times, be seeded in the soil.

4) sowing: the every 667m of birch-leaf pear seed ²Sowing 1.5～2kg, with double rows line seeding (the narrow row line-spacing is 30～50cm, wide every trade distance be 60～70cm) or the single file drilling (line-spacing 50～60cm), open the shallow ridges of dark 2～3cm sowing time earlier, and seed evenly is sprinkled into, earthing gets final product then.If the seed that hybridization obtains preferably adopts bunch planting, 1～2 seed in every cave is so that transplant.For some precious hybrid seed or be used to carry out the seed that experimental study is used, also can be seeded on the culture dish of placing wet filter paper.

5) broadcast back management: do not water before emerging, soak with wide row trench digging or on seed furrow, spray water as soil drought, if bunch planting, open the cave and water.Emerge and carry out intertill and clean tillage after showing row, carry out final singling during the straight leaf of the long 5～7cm of seedling.About spacing in the rows 10cm, the place of being short of seedling in time benefit plants and waters immediately.

Beneficial effect

Good effect of the present invention:

1) use method of the present invention and handle the birch-leaf pear seed, beginning rudiment in after planting 3 days, all rudiments about a week, germination rate is up to more than 80%.This method can be applied to seed and detect.The present invention finds first that the birch-leaf pear seed is handled without the low temperature lamination and handles with SNP just can remove its seed dormancy.Use this research and detect the birch-leaf pear seed quality, simply, easily and fast, accurately.

2) use the vitality that this method is measured the pears seed, guarantee the seed testing quality.High vigor pears potentiality of seed is strong, the seedling gesture is good, growing way is prosperous, lays a good foundation for capturing stable high yield.The low vitality seed because of growing way a little less than, growing power is poor, pears production might be impaired.Use this research and in time observe potentiality of seed, seedling gesture, growing way, to guarantee neat seedling, strong sprout in the pears production.

3) the present invention can monitor the pears germplasm of seed bank long preservation.Pears seed as the germplasm long preservation has different requirements with the pears seed of general storage.The former mainly lays particular emphasis on the maintenance in life-span, and it is essential the continuity of germplasm, is strictly on guard against blastation.Because being the degree with the pears seed deterioration, germplasm divorce, the appearance of lopsided seedling be closely connected.Therefore, use this method stock's seed is monitored, can hold its aging bad change situation early, so that take measures necessary.

4) this research can be applied to the work of plant breeding.In conventional breeding or gene engineering, all can be characterized as technical basis with percentage of seedgermination and seedling mode of appearance, the parent there is the selection of target, to select the new varieties of expection as early as possible.

5) use the present invention and can select provenance effectively for use, quicken the process that pears are successfully introduced a fine variety.Be engaged in plant introduction domestication worker and can use principle of seed sprouting and method to select to introduce a fine variety provenance fully, to reach the effect that shortens the process of introducing a fine variety.As everyone knows, can the success of plant introduction depend on and introduce a fine variety suitable existence under the ground habitat conditions, and sow into head that Miao Zeshi introduces a fine variety when a pass.If can before broadcasting, predict the seedling resistance against disadvantage, then can avoid the waste of manpower and materials, get twice the result with half the effort and reach.For example the cold soaking sproutung method is the detection method that can indicate the anti-imbibition and cold injury of seedling, cold-resistant and premunition.

6) with behind the SNP processing seed, can strengthen seed quality, increase productivity effect.Current, along with the adjustment of the structure of rural undertaking and the enforcement of " seed law ", seed market is ever-changing, and supply exceed demand, and seed information is not grasped and lived, and causes seed to overstock easily, causes damage.If seed is preserved for a long time, germination rate reduces, does not reach GB, will cause and change merchant's loss of capital.After SNP handles, break seed and stop eye, promote to sprout, improve germination rate, increase resistance etc., help seed and sell, make the peasant use " relieved kind ".

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 birch-leaf pear seed collection is to the flow chart of sowing

Fig. 2 birch-leaf pear seed sprouting situation in incubator

Fig. 3 birch-leaf pear seed is sprouted situation big Tanaka

Embodiment

Percentage of seedgermination is the important indicator that seed detects.It, is mutually promoted with link mutual restriction such as seed production, processing, storage, operation through the overall process of whole seed testing work.Scientifically utilize percentage of seedgermination to judge the quality of seed quality, the true and false, evaluate its seed value.Do the mensuration of percentage of seedgermination well, for carrying out and implementing national Seed Industrialization project planning, promote breeding educate, numerous, push away, sell integrated, have important practical significance and far-reaching historical meaning.Adopt the inventive method can be quick, easy, measure the pears percentage of seedgermination exactly, in time observe the growth of seedling situation.Its specific operation process is as follows:

The collection of 1 seed: the pericarp of ripening fruits is peeled off, wash rejecting pulp by rubbing with the hands, stay the seed that contains endocarp, remove the inferior strain of keeping afloat with wet cleaning process, select full, unabroken seed, then with mass volume ratio 20%NaCl immersion treatment seed to remove the pulp that adheres on kind of the skin, take out the back and brush away kind of the impurity on skin surface (but can not damage the surface texture that forms naturally in the seed development) gently, place indoor natural seasoning with writing brush.

The seed that 2 go bail for deposits, at room temperature clear water is invaded kind of a 1h, soaks the 8min sterilization with mass volume ratio 0.1% mercuric chloride solution then, then uses flushing with clean water seed 10 times.

3 place the solution of the mass volume ratio 0.8%SNP 24h that soaks seed respectively with seed,, are seeded in (Fig. 2 and 3) in culture dish or the soil seed flushing 10 times with running water.

Use the birch-leaf pear seed that SNP of the present invention handles, after planting 3 days begin to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally, all rudiments about a week, and germination rate is up to more than 80%, and emergence rate is 68% (Fig. 2 and 3).

Claims

1. remove the pears seed dormancy fast with sodium nitroprussiate (SNP) method, comprise the following step:

1) collection of birch-leaf pear seed:

The pericarp of ripening fruits is peeled off, wash rejecting pulp by rubbing with the hands, stay the seed that contains endocarp, remove the inferior strain of keeping afloat with wet cleaning process, select full, unabroken seed is planted the pulp that adheres on the skin with mass volume ratio 20%NaClO immersion treatment seed to remove then, is placed on natural seasoning on the blotting paper.

2) clear water seed soaking and seed disinfection:

(1) seed of going bail for and depositing, the 1h of clear water seed soaking at room temperature;

(2) soak the 8min sterilization with mass volume ratio 0.1% mercuric chloride solution, then use flushing with clean water seed 10 times.

3) chemical agent seed soaking and seed clean:

(1) chemical agent seed soaking: get the birch-leaf pear seed that cleans up, at ambient temperature, put into the mass volume ratio 0.8%SNP solution 24h that soaks seed respectively;

(2) flushing with clean water 10 times of the birch-leaf pear seed after the seed soaking;

4) sowing:

After seed cleans up, be placed on culture dish or be seeded into the land for growing field crops.