CN101555838A - 操作内燃机的方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012634 optical imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
- F02D41/2409—Addressing techniques specially adapted therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
- F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
- F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
- F02D41/2451—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by what is learned or calibrated
- F02D41/2454—Learning of the air-fuel ratio control
- F02D41/2461—Learning of the air-fuel ratio control by learning a value and then controlling another value
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
- F02D2200/0614—Actual fuel mass or fuel injection amount
- F02D2200/0616—Actual fuel mass or fuel injection amount determined by estimation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1454—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
一种用于操作内燃机的方法,其中至少确定预先设定的第一值的第一映射(10),每个预先设定的第一值是预先设定的额定燃料量(Qecu_prefix)的函数。本发明的方法包括以下步骤:为每一次喷射确定一额定燃料量(Qecu);计算喷射实际的、扭矩形态的、被喷射的燃料量(QUEGO);计算至少一个第一参数(Qdelta),该参数与所述喷射的实际的、扭矩形态的、被喷射的燃料量(QUEGO)有关。在那之后,根据至少一个第一参数(Qdelta)修改额定燃料量(Qecu)以获得一个修正的燃料量(QecuCorr),该修正的燃料量对应于喷射期间被喷射的实际燃料量。方法还进一步包括把所述修正的燃料量(QecuCorr)和每个预先设定的额定燃料量(Qecu_prefix)进行比较的步骤;以及根据所述比较的结果,从第一映射(10),利用与修正燃料量(QecuCorr)对应的第一值来操作发动机的步骤。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及内燃机和燃料喷射***。
更具体地,本发明涉及一种操作内燃机的方法,其中至少确定预先设定的第一值的第一映射,每个预先设定的第一值是预先设定的额定燃料量的函数。
背景技术
现有技术中,内燃机的燃料喷射控制***和方法是大家所熟知的,例如专利EP-1336745B1。
传统内燃机中,每次喷射时,实际被喷入到每个气缸内的燃料量可能会与通过电子控制单元(ECU)所请求的额定的燃料量不同,而该额定的燃料量被用来确定喷油器的激励定时。
造成这种差别的因素有很多个,特别是由于生产工艺离散而造成的喷油器特性的标准离差,以及由于喷射***老化造成的相同特性的时间飘移变化。实际上,目前的喷油器生产工艺还没有精确到足以生产具有严格公差的喷油器;而且,在喷油器使用寿命期间,这些公差会随着老化而变坏。因此,对于给定的激励定时和给定的轨道压力,各喷油器实际喷射的燃料量将会各不相同。
控制单元包括废气排放相关映射,其中不同的发动机参数(设定值)与额定的燃料喷射量以及额定发动机速度有关。这些设定值的例子有废气再循环量、增压压力、轨道压力、节流阀位置。当实际的燃料喷射量与额定燃料量之间出现不同时,这个量的误差值被用来读取所述排放映射(也就是说,所述设定值的一个误差值与实际的燃料喷射量有关联),并且这导致了排放恶化。
发明内容
基于上述内容,本发明的目的在于提供一种改进的用于操作内燃机的方法,以恢复喷油器飘移。
根据本发明的方法来实现这个目的以及其它目的,该方法的主要特征在于:
-为每一次喷射确定一额定燃料量;
-计算所述喷射实际的、扭矩形态的、被喷射的燃料量;
-计算至少一个第一参数,其与喷射实际的、扭矩形态的、被喷射的燃料量有关;
-根据至少一个第一参数的值,修改所述额定燃料量以获得一个修正的燃料量,所述修正的燃料量对应于所述喷射期间被喷射的实际燃料量;
-把所述修正的燃料量和每个所述的预先设定的额定燃料量进行比较;
-根据所述比较的结果,从第一映射,利用与所述修正燃料量对应的第一值来操作发动机。
附图说明
参考相应的附图,从下面通过一个非限制的实例提供的说明中,本发明的更多特点和优点将会容易明白,其中:
图1是根据本发明的方法执行的操作框图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了根据本发明的方法执行的操作框图。
本发明的方法包括一个步骤,在该步骤中,通过布置在发动机排气线路中的UEGO(通用排气含氧)传感器测量废气流中的氧气体积浓度。UEGO传感器具有与废气中氧百分比成比例的模拟输出信号。
然后,以UEGO传感器测得的氧气体积浓度为基础,在电子控制单元ECU2的第一块1中,确定出燃烧的空燃比(λ或拉姆达)。
依照下面的方程,第二块3计算实际的、扭矩形态的燃料喷射量QUEGO:
其中,Aafm是空气质量传感器测得的空气质量,以及“fac”是依照下面的方程由ECU2的微处理器5计算出来的常量:
其中,ρ是燃料密度,(A/F)st是理想配比的空燃比。
第三块4表示燃料量中间值Qdev的计算,其中燃料量中间值Qdev被认为是微处理器5估算的额定的、扭矩形态的燃料量QTORQUE与实际的、扭矩形态的燃料喷射量QUEGO之间的差。
在ECU2中,存储有自适应映射6,在该映射中存储有一组参考修正值,每个修正值对应于一预先确定的相应值对,所述值对包括预先设定的发动机速度RPM_prefix和微处理器5估算的预先设定的、扭矩形态的燃料量QTORQUE_prefix。
中间值Qdev被用于更新所述自适应映射6从而修改所述参考修正值:根据低通滤波器逻辑电路,所述参考修正值的初始值与中间值Qdev以预定的方式合并。
在操作过程中,通过传感器测得的当前发动机速度RPM_curr和额定的扭矩形态的燃料量QTORQUE,从自适应映射6中获得一个修正值Qdelta:所述修正值Qdelta可能是存储在自适应映射6中的修正值的最近似拟合,或者在当前的发动机速度RPM_curr和额定的、扭矩形态的燃料量QTORQUE与预先确定的一值对没有确切的对应时,可以通过存储的修正值之间的插值获得,其中所述的一值对是预先设定的发动机速度RPM_prefix和预先设定的、扭矩形态的燃料量QTORQUE_prefix,它们被存储在所述的自适应映射6中。
在第四计算块8中,从微处理器5估算出的额定燃料量Qecu减去修正值Qdelta。所述额定燃料量Qecu与额定的、扭矩形态的燃料量QTORQUE相对应:第一个是第二个的数学修正。
因为所述的减法,得到了表示实际燃料喷射量的修正的燃料量QecuCorr。
存储在ECU2中的映射10包含不同发动机参数的多个预先设定的值(设定值),每个值都是预先设定的额定燃料量Qecu_prefix和预先设定的发动机速度RPM_prefix的函数。这些参数的例子有废气再循环量、增压压力、轨道压力、节流阀位置以及涡流阀位置。
在操作过程中,从映射10读取对应于当前发动机速度RPM_curr和修正的燃料量QecuCorr的设定值并最终用于操作发动机。这样,就不存在给予实际燃料喷射量的任何直接影响:燃料喷射量没有被改变。
本发明提供了改进喷射控制精确度并可用于柴油发动机和汽油发动机。
明显地,发明原理是相同,相对于那些纯粹作为非限制的例子的说明和解释,在不超出本发明附加权利要求所限定的本发明的保护范围内,实施方式的具体实施和细节能相当大地作出改变。
Claims (5)
1.一种用于操作内燃机的方法,其中至少确定预先设定的第一值的第一映射(10),每个预先设定的第一值是预先设定的额定燃料量(Qecu_prefix)的函数,该方法的特征在于:
-为每一次喷射确定一额定燃料量(Qecu);
-计算所述喷射实际的、扭矩形态的、被喷射的燃料量(QUEGO);
-计算至少一个第一参数(Qdelta),其与喷射实际的、扭矩形态的、被喷射的燃料量(QUEGO)有关;
-根据至少一个第一参数(Qdelta)的值,修改所述额定燃料量(Qecu)以获得一个修正的燃料量(QecuCorr),所述修正的燃料量对应于所述喷射期间被喷射的实际燃料量;
-把所述修正的燃料量(QecuCorr)和每个所述的预先设定的额定燃料量(Qecu_prefix)进行比较;
-根据所述比较的结果,从第一映射(10),利用与所述修正燃料量(QecuCorr)对应的第一值来操作发动机。
2、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,至少一个第一参数(Qdelta)的计算包括以下步骤:
-为每一次喷射确定一个额定的、扭矩形态的、燃料量(QTORQUE);
-确定第二映射(6),其包含一组参考修正值,每个所述参考修正值对应于预先设定的发动机速度(RPM_prefix)和预先设定的、扭矩形态的、燃料量(QTORQUE_prefix)。;
-确定当前发动机速度(RPM_curr);
-计算中间值(Qdev),所述中间值与喷射实际的、扭矩形态的、被喷射的燃料量(QEUGO)有关;
-以所述中间值(Qdev)的函数来修改所述参考修正值;
-把所述预先设定的发动机速度(RPM_prefix)和预先设定的、扭矩形态的、燃料量(QTORQUE_prefix)与当前发动机速度(RPM_curr)和喷射的额定的、扭矩形态的、被喷射的燃料量(QTORQUE)进行比较;
-根据所述比较的结果,以所述参考修正值的函数来计算所述第一参数(Qdelta)。
3、根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,中间值(Qdev)被作为所述额定的、扭矩形态的、燃料量(QTORQUE)和实际的、扭矩形态的、被喷射的燃料量(QUEGO)之间的差而获得。
4、根据前面任一项权利要求所述的方法,其特征在于,依照下面的方程计算所述实际的、扭矩形态的、被喷射的燃料量(QUEGO):
其中,Aafm是空气质量传感器测得的空气质量,λ是空燃比,以及“fac”是预先确定的常量。
5、根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,依照下面的方程计算所述预先确定的常量:
其中,ρ是燃料密度,(A/F)st是理想配比的空燃比。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP08003963.9A EP2098709B1 (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2008-03-04 | A method for operating an internal combustion engine |
EP08003963.9 | 2008-03-04 |
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CN101555838A true CN101555838A (zh) | 2009-10-14 |
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CNA200910203972XA Pending CN101555838A (zh) | 2008-03-04 | 2009-03-04 | 操作内燃机的方法 |
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US (1) | US8126633B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2098709B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101555838A (zh) |
GB (1) | GB2468129A (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2009107631A (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102042105A (zh) * | 2009-10-19 | 2011-05-04 | 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 | 基于空气对燃料相对比评估的生物柴油混合检测的方法 |
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GB2490933A (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2012-11-21 | Gm Global Tech Operations Inc | Method of operating an internal combustion engine using a torque correction feedback loop |
US20190362115A1 (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2019-11-28 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Calibration system based on encoded images |
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DE19831748B4 (de) | 1998-07-15 | 2009-07-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung einer Brennkraftmaschine |
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ITTO20020698A1 (it) * | 2002-08-06 | 2004-02-07 | Fiat Ricerche | Metodo e dispositivo di controllo della qualita' |
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US7552717B2 (en) * | 2007-08-07 | 2009-06-30 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Fuel injector and method for controlling fuel injectors |
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2008
- 2008-03-04 EP EP08003963.9A patent/EP2098709B1/en not_active Not-in-force
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2009
- 2009-02-25 GB GB0903162A patent/GB2468129A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-03-03 RU RU2009107631/06A patent/RU2009107631A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-03-03 US US12/397,053 patent/US8126633B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-03-04 CN CNA200910203972XA patent/CN101555838A/zh active Pending
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EP1336745B1 (en) * | 2002-02-19 | 2006-07-12 | C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni | Method and device for controlling injection in an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine with a common rail injection system. |
US7025043B2 (en) * | 2003-10-23 | 2006-04-11 | C.R.F. Societa Consortile Per Azioni | Method for balancing the torque generated by the cylinders of an internal combustion engine, in particular a direct-injection diesel engine provided with a common rail injection system |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102042105A (zh) * | 2009-10-19 | 2011-05-04 | 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 | 基于空气对燃料相对比评估的生物柴油混合检测的方法 |
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GB0903162D0 (en) | 2009-04-08 |
US20090228188A1 (en) | 2009-09-10 |
GB2468129A (en) | 2010-09-01 |
RU2009107631A (ru) | 2010-09-10 |
EP2098709A1 (en) | 2009-09-09 |
EP2098709B1 (en) | 2016-07-06 |
US8126633B2 (en) | 2012-02-28 |
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