CN101395314B - 间隔织物及其制造方法 - Google Patents

间隔织物及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN101395314B
CN101395314B CN2007800073871A CN200780007387A CN101395314B CN 101395314 B CN101395314 B CN 101395314B CN 2007800073871 A CN2007800073871 A CN 2007800073871A CN 200780007387 A CN200780007387 A CN 200780007387A CN 101395314 B CN101395314 B CN 101395314B
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CN101395314A (zh
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B·加鲁斯
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Otto Bock Healthcare GmbH
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04BKNITTING
    • D04B21/00Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B21/14Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes
    • D04B21/16Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes incorporating synthetic threads
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04BKNITTING
    • D04B1/00Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/22Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration
    • D04B1/24Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10BINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00Physical properties
    • D10B2401/04Heat-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/041Heat-responsive characteristics thermoplastic; thermosetting
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10BINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/02Cross-sectional features
    • D10B2403/021Lofty fabric with equidistantly spaced front and back plies, e.g. spacer fabrics
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10BINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2503/00Domestic or personal
    • D10B2503/06Bed linen
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10BINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00Industrial
    • D10B2505/08Upholstery, mattresses

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种间隔织物(1)及其制造方法,该间隔织物具有一上层纺织物(2)和一下层纺织物(3),在这些纺织物之间安置相互交叉的支撑线(4),这些支撑线将上层纺织物和下层纺织物(2,3)彼此间隔开地相互连接。根据本发明,所述支撑线(4)的至少一部分在其交叉点(5)上相互连接。

Description

间隔织物及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种间隔织物及其制造方法,该间隔织物具有上层纺织物和下层纺织物,在它们之间设置有相互交叉的支撑线,这些支撑线使上层纺织物和下层纺织物彼此间隔开地保持相互连接。
背景技术
间隔织物由一个上层纺织物和一个下层纺织物制成,它们通过支撑线、特别是单丝相互保持间距。支撑线或者单丝是人造材料,一般由一股组成。根据支撑线直径、它们在纺织物上的结合、在成品间隔织物中的密度和支撑线的相互交叉角度来确定间隔织物的压实硬度。间隔织物例如用作轮椅的坐垫或者用作褥疮病人的睡垫。传统的间隔织物的缺点是,它们只能很有限地承受剪切力并且只能有限地使纺织物保持相互间隔开。
发明内容
本发明的任务是,提供一种间隔织物及其制造方法,间隔织物使得能够达到改善的抗剪强度和抗压强度。
按照本发明,该任务通过具有权利要求1特征的间隔织物以及具有权利要求9特征的方法来解决。在从属权利要求中介绍了本发明的有利构造和其它结构。
按照本发明的间隔织物设置了一个上层纺织物和一个下层纺织物,在他们之间安置了相互交叉的支撑线,这些支撑线使上层纺织物和下层纺织物保持彼此间隔开并且相互连接。支撑线的至少一部分在其交叉点相互连接,通过此可以提供整个间隔织物的提高的抗剪强度和抵抗纺织物在相向方向上的压缩的提高的阻力。因此,制成的间隔织物不能完全压缩或者只能用提高的压力完全压缩,因为相互交叉的支撑线或者间隔线在一定部位相互连接,可与金属丝网栅栏内的焊接金属丝相比较。根据支撑线的密度和交叉角度以及交叉点内的连接的数量和布置可以调节间隔织物的硬度。
本发明的一个扩展方案规定,支撑线构造为单丝、加捻支撑线或者包芯纱。如单丝、包芯纱或者加捻支撑线那样的支撑线特别是可以涂覆地或者包覆地构成,以使多个支撑线能够或者易于在其交叉点上相互连接。涂层或者包层可以由塑料或者粘接剂组成,它具有比支撑线的芯低的熔化温度或者活化温度。由此可以没有强度损失和基本没有几何情况变化的情况下通过对织成的间隔织物的加热来实现多个支撑线相互的连接。这在连接两个相互交叉的、用塑料层覆盖的支撑线时材料锁合地发生,其方式是,将外涂层熔接和熔上,使相互交叉的、彼此贴靠或者相邻的支撑线材料锁合地相互连接。在用在一定温度下活化的粘接剂涂层时,不必使多个已涂层的支撑线相互贴靠,而是使被粘接剂覆盖的支撑线与可能未设置粘接剂的其它支撑线贴靠并将间隔织物加热到活化温度就足够了。然后将两个相互交叉的支撑线基于粘接剂的粘接作用相互粘着,而不必发生两个涂层的材料锁合。替换地规定,缠绕层用低熔点的材料制成,该材料通过调节温度而被熔接。也可以进行涂层、包层或缠绕层的化学溶接并紧接着固化,以达到支撑线的连接。
为了调节间隔织物的硬度,即间隔织物抵抗压力或者剪力的阻力,20%至80%的线被涂层或者被设置粘接剂。因此,根据所希望的使用目的可以产生所希望的支撑线之间连接部位数量,使得除了支撑线的交叉角和密度外根据连接部位数量来调整间隔织物的硬度和抗切强度。一根支撑线也可以在多个部位与其它支撑线连接。
此外,支撑线本身可以具有不同的直径,通过用塑料或粘接剂涂层或者通过合适地选择支撑线尺寸来调节所希望的抗压强度和抗剪切稳定性。
按照本发明的用于制造间隔织物的方法规定,相互交叉的、将上层纺织物和下层纺织物彼此间隔开地相互连接的交叉支撑线的至少一部分在其交叉点上相互连接。在这里规定,支撑线相互粘接或者焊接。
只要支撑线具有一个芯,该芯设置有涂层或包层或缠绕层,则涂层、包层或者缠绕层这样设置,使得熔点低于芯的熔点并且将间隔织物加热到低于芯熔点并高于涂层、包层或者缠绕层熔点的温度。由此,或者粘接剂被活化,或者塑料涂层被熔化,致使发生两个相互交叉的支撑线之间的力锁合的或者材料锁合的连接。代替热结合,也可通过涂层、包层或者缠绕层的溶接和硬化来进行化学结合。
原则上,未被涂层的支撑线也可以通过热结合或者化学结合相互连接,其方式是,仅一部分支撑线被熔接或者溶接并紧接着硬化。
在通过加热到预给定的温度来连接支撑线之后规定,间隔织物保持在一个低于熔化温度或者活化温度的温度上,以便降低间隔织物内出现的变形和应力。
附图说明
下面借助于附图详细介绍本发明的实施例。图中示出:
图1传统的间隔织物
图2本发明的间隔织物。
具体实施方式
在图1中示出了具有上层纺织物2和下层纺织物3的间隔织物1。在纺织物2、3之间安置了支撑线4,它们相互交叉并以一定结合和密度固定到纺织物2、3上。支撑线4相互不连接,这样,压实硬度,即抗垂直于纺织物平面的负载的阻力,由支撑线4的直径、支撑线4在纺织物2、3上的结合、支撑线4在制成品内的密度和支撑线4的交叉角来确定。
为了使间隔织物1不能完全压缩或者只能以明显较高的耗费压缩,按照图2,在按照本发明的间隔织物1内,相互交叉的支撑线4在其交叉点5上相互连接,或者通过粘接剂连接,或者基于优选使用的单丝的熔上的、连接的涂层材料锁合地连接。根据支撑线4密度和交叉角,在制成的间隔织物的一定高度上构成连接平面6,它们使间隔织物的稳定性提高。在所示出的实施例中这是两个平面,这些连接平面6可以在负载下被压缩或者部分地失效,以致连接点5会脱开并且一直压缩到第二平面6。在支撑线4较长或者密度适当和选择交叉角的情况下,还可构造更多的连接平面6。通过事先确定的支撑线4排列密度及其以一个角度相对于纺织物2、3表面的相应定向,可以确定连接点5的固定数量。通过此可以确定,在哪些重量负载下间隔织物1可被完全压缩。因此可针对病人的不同重量级别或者说针对不同负载来配制相应适配的材料。
为了不将支撑线4的所有交叉点相互连接并变成连接点5,为有限的和事先确定的数量的支撑线4或单丝设置涂层和粘接剂。因此例如可以均匀分布地提供间隔织物内的提高的抗压缩或者抗剪切运动的阻力。同样可以只在制成的间隔织物1的一定部位上提供提高的交联数量,这可以通过在间隔织物的一定区域内布置有涂层的和没涂层的支撑线来实现。因此可以在间隔织物内提供符合负荷的阻力,以便例如对褥疮病人达到均匀支撑整个身体。
通过提高的抗压力负荷阻力和提高的剪切稳定性,可以对相同的负载使用比迄今更薄的产品或者允许新的用途,例如用作修复和美容中的垫材料或者用作鞋垫。
为了达到最小程度的挠曲性和弹性,不使支撑线4的全部交叉点相互连接。
在通过加热连接之后规定,使制成的间隔织物1保持在一低于涂层活化温度或者熔化温度的提高的温度上,以便可以消除间隔织物1内存在的应力。

Claims (15)

1.间隔织物,具有一上层纺织物和一下层纺织物,在这些纺织物之间安置相互交叉的支撑线,这些支撑线将上层纺织物和下层纺织物彼此间隔开地相互连接,其特征为,所述支撑线(4)的至少一部分在其交叉点(5)上相互连接。
2.按照权利要求1所述的间隔织物,其特征为,这些支撑线(4)构造为单丝、加捻支撑线或者包芯纱。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的间隔织物,其特征为,这些支撑线(4)是涂层的或者包层的。
4.按照权利要求3所述的间隔织物,其特征为,涂层或包层具有比支撑线(4)芯低的熔点或者可化学溶接。
5.按照权利要求3所述的间隔织物,其特征为,支撑线(4)的20%至80%构造成涂层的。
6.按照权利要求3所述的间隔织物,其特征为,涂层由塑料或者可热活化的粘接剂构成。
7.按照权利要求1或2所述的间隔织物,其特征为,这些支撑线(4)具有不同的直径。
8.按照权利要求1或2所述的间隔织物,其特征为,这些支撑线(4)材料锁合地相互连接或者相互粘接。
9.用于制造间隔织物的方法,在该间隔织物中,上层纺织物与下层纺织物通过支撑线彼此间隔开地相互连接,其特征为,所述支撑线(4)的至少一部分在其交叉点(5)上相互连接。
10.按照权利要求9所述的方法,其特征为,这些支撑线(4)相互粘接、焊接或者化学结合。
11.按照权利要求9或10所述的方法,其特征为,这些支撑线(4)具有芯,该芯具有涂层或包层,该涂层或包层具有比芯低的熔点,将间隔织物(1)加热到一低于芯熔点并高于涂层或包层熔点的温度上。
12.按照权利要求9或10所述的方法,其特征为,将支撑线(4)的20%至80%相互连接,以便调节间隔织物(1)的硬度。
13.按照权利要求11所述的方法,其特征为,在将支撑线(4)相互连接之后,将间隔织物(1)在一低于涂层或包层熔化温度的温度上保持确定的时间。
14.按照权利要求9或10所述的方法,其特征为,将支撑线(4)用可热活化的粘接剂涂层,将间隔织物(1)加热到活化温度。
15.按照权利要求9或10所述的方法,其特征为,将涂层或者包层化学溶接并紧接着硬化。
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US7779654B2 (en) 2010-08-24
CN101395314A (zh) 2009-03-25
US20090049870A1 (en) 2009-02-26
WO2007087792A3 (de) 2008-04-03
DE102006004914A1 (de) 2007-08-23
EP1982012A2 (de) 2008-10-22

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