CN101389433A - 刀片支承体和铣刀头 - Google Patents
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- B23C5/22—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts
- B23C5/24—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts adjustable
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- B23C5/1081—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft with permanently fixed cutting inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23C—MILLING
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- B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23C5/22—Securing arrangements for bits or teeth or cutting inserts
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- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/19—Rotary cutting tool
- Y10T407/1906—Rotary cutting tool including holder [i.e., head] having seat for inserted tool
- Y10T407/1932—Rotary cutting tool including holder [i.e., head] having seat for inserted tool with means to fasten tool seat to holder
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/22—Cutters, for shaping including holder having seat for inserted tool
- Y10T407/2272—Cutters, for shaping including holder having seat for inserted tool with separate means to fasten tool to holder
- Y10T407/2282—Cutters, for shaping including holder having seat for inserted tool with separate means to fasten tool to holder including tool holding clamp and clamp actuator
- Y10T407/2284—Wedge clamp element
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于固定在铣刀头内的刀片支承体,包括一个杆形的销和一个具有焊接的刀片的头部,该刀片具有一个由前刀面和后刀面构成的副刀刃。按本发明设置邻接副刀刃的并且设置在后刀面上的斜边,该斜边具有向外分别下降至0的斜边宽度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于固定在铣刀头内的刀片支承体,包括一个杆形的销和一个具有焊接的刀片的头部,该刀片具有一个由前刀面和后刀面构成的副刀刃。
另外本发明涉及一种铣刀头,包括多个嵌入基体的凹槽内的刀片支承体,相应的刀片焊接到所述刀片支承体上,其中刀片支承体分别通过一个楔体可轴向调节并且借助于夹紧元件可固定在铣刀头内。
背景技术
这种铣刀头原则上由DE 40 03 862 C2已知。在那儿描述的刀头中对于刀片支承体的凹槽由该刀头的基体的其中一个端面平行于其旋转轴线以及与圆周间隔距离地延伸,其中采用的刀片上的刀仅略微伸出基体的端面。另外用于张紧的圆楔的轴线分别倾斜于支承刀片的刀片支承体的轴线。最后也设置具有用于轴向调节每个刀片的差动螺钉的另一圆楔并且设置在一个凹槽内,该凹槽由基体的圆周径向向内延伸。为了轴向调节并且为了径向向外定向的张紧,采用几何形状相同的圆楔。该刀头的优点在于,由于容纳刀片支承体的凹槽平行于基体的旋转轴线,仅产生没有轴向分量的径向定向的离心力。这种力可良好地承受,因为凹槽不是直接在基体的圆周上,而是径向向内与圆周间隔距离。因此刀头也适用于极其高的转速并且因此产生的离心力。有利地切削元件沿轴向方向的精调在没有用径向的分量叠加的情况下是可能的。
而按现有技术用于汽车的通过磨削或带式磨削的曲轴引导至精加工,其中由工艺决定地在采用冷却润滑剂的情况下进行磨削,通过发展适合的铣削工具,曲轴的磨削可以通过铣削方法代替。由于曲轴的结构形式,采用没有轴向推进的、具有偏心的工具定位的垂直的旋转铣削。在此工具实施垂直运动,由于该垂直运动,轴颈的形状结构仅通过工具副刀片产生。在此工具相对于工件这样定位,使得确保,在副刀片作用期间覆盖轴颈的整个垂直线。要制成的轴颈直径通过这些垂直线产生。由工艺决定地副刀片的中间区域比其它的区域更长地接合。这导致,在中间区域的刀片显示比在外部的区域更高地磨损。
关于垂直的旋转铣削的其它的详情例如在DE 10 2004 022 360 A1中描述。但是没有轴向推进的、具有偏心的工具定位的垂直的旋转铣削具有决定性的缺点。由于这样的事实,即在这样的方法中工具副刀片执行垂直操作,使得最小的切削误差或者工具磨损立刻不利地影响到需要实现的形状和表面质量上。总之,不同地构成的工具磨损导致较早的形状偏差。
发明内容
本发明的目的是,排除上述缺点,尤其是找到一种刀片形状,该刀片形状同时保证形状精确的工件加工和尽可能长的寿命。
另外本发明的目的是,为此提出一种适合的铣刀头。
提到的第一个目的通过按权利要求1的刀片支承体解决。刀片支承体按本发明具有一个邻接副刀刃和设置在后刀面上的斜边,该斜边具有一个向外分别下降至0的斜边宽度。刀片支承体的其它的实施形式在从属权利要求中描述。
另外该目的通过一种按权利要求10描述的铣刀头解决,该铣刀头特征在于三个刀片支承体,所述刀片支承体按等距的角度尺寸彼此设置。
在按现有技术已知的、没有按本发明的斜边的刀片支承体中在刀片中部得到高的开始磨损,即在这个地方上具有与工件最长的接触时间。反之位于边缘侧的具有明显较短的切削作用的区域显示较小的后刀面磨损。相反在采用按本发明的刀片支承体时具有高的开始的后刀面磨损的渐降的磨损区域被显著缩短,使得线性地发生后刀面磨损的区域相应地延长。
附图说明
下面借助于附图详细解释其它的详情。其中:
图1显示具有三个刀片支承体的铣刀头的透视图,
图2显示按图1的铣刀头的透明图,
图3显示没有刀片支承体的铣刀头的纵向横截面图,
图4显示刀片支承体的侧视图,
图5显示刀片支承体相对于夹紧件和用于轴向调节的楔体的相对位置的原理草图,
图6显示刀片支承体的另一侧视图,
图7显示区域“A”的局部放大图,
图8和9显示在不同的实施形式中按图4的刀片的相应放大的视图,
图10显示刀片的后刀面的俯视图,
图11显示示意的磨损曲线。
具体实施方式
在图1至3中描述的铣刀头主要包括一个基体10,在该基体内设置具有相应焊接的刀片12的三个刀片支承体11。刀片支承体11相应地嵌入平行于纵轴线13设置的孔22(见图3)内。基本上沿径向方向或者轻微倾斜于此地在基体10内设置另外的孔,在所述另外的孔内设置楔体14,所述楔体通过一个调节螺钉15、优选双螺纹螺钉可沿径向方向移动。
如由图5可见,楔体14具有楔面16,所述楔面倾斜于基体的径向平面延伸,使得在楔体14径向运动时刀片支承体11可以沿其纵轴线也就是说可以沿轴向方向移动。夹紧件18用于夹紧刀片支承体,该夹紧件设置在中心并且具有三个夹紧面19,所述夹紧面贴靠在刀片支承体11的相应的夹紧面上。夹紧件18可以借助于一个优选构成为双螺纹螺钉的螺钉21进行固定。夹紧件18在描述的实施例中用于固定三个刀片支承体11,所述刀片支承体分别具有一个平的表面20。通过夹紧件18的构成和以三角形形状的夹紧面19的结构实现各刀片12和各刀片支承体11在彼此120°角的情况下的精确定向(见图1)。每个刀片支承体11可以通过圆楔和配属于此的螺钉15进行轴向调节。孔22用于刀片支承体并且从而刀片的轴线平行的定向。表面23用于确保,在刀片支承体11与孔22之间不会发生线接触。如在图4中描述的那样,刀片支承体11也具有一个倾斜的表面21,该表面的倾斜相应于夹紧件的表面的倾斜。
有选择地可能的是,取代配合精确的孔,采用一个与一个轴向设置在中心的夹紧件相结合的位于外部的夹紧环,在它们之间可固定刀片支承体11。夹紧环然后拧到或者热装到基体10上。
图7、9和10显示本发明的详情,所述图显示刀片或者刀片制造的放大视图;图8显示一种优化的实施形式,其中内部和外部的刀片区域相对于中间的刀片区域构成角度。
用作为预磨损斜边的斜边29具有这样的目的,即在考虑必要的向内凹形延伸的刀片外倾部(Schneidensturz)的情况下模仿对于该工艺表示特征的磨损图像。从而缩短渐降的磨损曲线。可以说同样在线性的磨损区域内使用。如果在考虑必要的向内凹形延伸的刀片外倾部的情况下在刀片上没有磨削预磨损斜边,那么已经在渐降的磨损区域内发生形状偏差并且从而通过形状偏差发生寿命终结。
为了实现按本发明的刀片外形,刀片25的后刀面在保持后角的情况下或者(在大的半径并且短的刀片长度中)屋顶形地磨削或者如在图9中描述的那样凸形地在半径R下磨削,该半径R优选大约为900mm。
通过按图9的结构,得到刀片的最高的点27相对于最低点的距离4μm。如果在第二工步中一个斜边29在后刀面28上磨削,其中保持刀片的外倾角,那么得到斜边的在图10中描述的实施形式,该斜边大约在刀片25的中心具有最大的宽度4μm。斜边延伸直至刀刃25的端部或者直至在端部前不久结束的位置,其中斜边29连续变窄地直至在两侧上以0mm的宽度结束。从而斜边由构成屋顶形的或者凸形的后刀面的弦形的切割得到,该后刀面在10°的后角下设置。前角一致地为0°。刀片12在相对于工具的旋转轴线90°的外倾角或者略微较小的角度的情况下凹形地磨削,因此得到点27的4μm大的***。通过这种措施实现,取代在按现有技术已知的刀片支承体中得到的、按在图11中的曲线30的磨损曲线,实现磨损曲线31,其中明显延长线性的磨损区域,其中渐降的开始磨损区域缩短相应的时间。
在图8中描述的实施变形方案中构成角度5°的副刀片部分在2mm的宽度a上延伸,该副刀片部分由一个垂直于纵轴线26设置的副刀片部分25b跟随,该纵轴线平行于旋转轴线31。在位于内部的侧面上跟随一个同样倾斜5°的副刀片部分25c。
通过按图8的必要时附加地选择的、准备有预磨损斜边的刀片的构成角度的外部区域(双修剪部)的结构,有目的地将内部的和外部的刀片区域由刀片接触区域去除。在两个未设有“双修剪部”的刀片中在这个区域内发生较高的后刀面磨损。在中间的刀片区域内所有三个刀片一起切削,在那儿由工艺决定地产生最高的后刀面区域。可以说对于必要的凸形的曲轴支承形状有利地充分利用磨损特性。
Claims (10)
1.用于固定在铣刀头内的刀片支承体,包括一个杆形的销和一个具有焊接的刀片的头部,该刀片具有一个由前刀面和后刀面构成的副刀刃(25),其特征在于:邻接副刀刃(25)的并且设置在后刀面上的斜边(29)具有向外分别下降至0的斜边宽度。
2.按权利要求1所述的刀片支承体,其特征在于:斜边(29)大约设置在副刀刃(25)的中心。
3.按权利要求1或2所述的刀片支承体,其特征在于:最大的斜边宽度≤10μm优选≤4μm。
4.按权利要求1至4任一项所述的刀片支承体,其特征在于:斜边宽度朝两侧连续下降至0μm和/或斜边(29)在整个副刀片宽度上延伸。
5.按权利要求1至3任一项所述的刀片支承体,其特征在于:斜边(29)通过两个依次的磨削操作形成,即邻接刀刃的后刀面区域(28)的、形成凸形或屋顶形的形状的第一磨削以及该后刀面区域的紧接着的部分的平面磨削。
6.按权利要求5的刀片支承体,其特征在于:凸形地磨削的后刀面区域的半径R=900mm±100mm。
7.按权利要求1至6任一项所述的刀片支承体,其特征在于:后角为10°±2°。
8.按权利要求5所述的刀片支承体,其特征在于:刀片是构成角度的,其中一个中间的刀片部分(25b)垂直于销纵轴线并且在侧面与该中间的刀片部分连接的刀片部分区域(25a、25c)相对于该中间的刀片部分以角度≤10°优选≤5°倾斜。
9.按权利要求8所述的刀片支承体,其特征在于:径向位于外部的构成角度的刀片部分区域(25a)与中间的刀片部分区域(25b)的长度比例为2:3和/或径向位于内部的构成角度的刀片部分区域(25c)与径向位于外部的副刀片部分区域(25a)的长度比例为2:1。
10.铣刀头,包括多个嵌入到基体的凹槽内的刀片支承体,相应的刀片焊接到所述刀片支承体上,其中刀片支承体可以分别通过一个楔体轴向调节并且可以借助于夹紧元件固定在铣刀头内,其特征在于:设有两个按权利要求1至9任一项所述的刀片支承体,所述刀片支承体按等距的角度尺寸彼此设置。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE202006006081U DE202006006081U1 (de) | 2006-04-12 | 2006-04-12 | Schneidenträger und Fräsmesserkopf |
DE202006006081.2 | 2006-04-12 | ||
PCT/DE2007/000632 WO2007115561A1 (de) | 2006-04-12 | 2007-04-11 | Schneidenträger und fräsmesserkopf |
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CN101389433A true CN101389433A (zh) | 2009-03-18 |
CN101389433B CN101389433B (zh) | 2011-04-13 |
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CN2007800068017A Expired - Fee Related CN101389433B (zh) | 2006-04-12 | 2007-04-11 | 刀片支承体和铣刀头 |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7832963B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2004354B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2009533232A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20090004948A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101389433B (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE432786T1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0710188A2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2648102A1 (zh) |
DE (2) | DE202006006081U1 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2008013021A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL2004354T3 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2424878C2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2007115561A1 (zh) |
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RU2714757C1 (ru) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-02-19 | Акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский инженерный институт" (АО "НИИИ") | Резьбофреза |
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US2780858A (en) * | 1952-09-27 | 1957-02-12 | Lawrence R Robinson | Reinforced cutting tool |
LU35523A1 (zh) * | 1956-10-27 | 1957-12-21 | ||
US3673657A (en) * | 1968-11-22 | 1972-07-04 | Fagersta Bruks Ab | Device for clamping a cutting insert to a seat of a toolholder body |
US3667099A (en) * | 1970-07-31 | 1972-06-06 | Du Pont | Method of securing dense, metal-bonded refractory nitride bodies to steel and product |
JPS541099Y2 (zh) * | 1975-08-09 | 1979-01-19 | ||
US4201501A (en) * | 1977-06-27 | 1980-05-06 | Day Flory M | Cutting tool |
US4181456A (en) * | 1978-01-06 | 1980-01-01 | Niagara Cutter Inc. | Cutting tool |
US4264245A (en) * | 1979-08-20 | 1981-04-28 | Lindsay Harold W | Keyless holder for pin-type replaceable cutting inserts |
CN85204586U (zh) * | 1985-10-24 | 1987-06-24 | 航天部国营风华机器厂 | 挤压式机夹可转位面铣刀 |
JPH0137858Y2 (zh) * | 1985-11-14 | 1989-11-14 | ||
DE4003862A1 (de) * | 1989-08-05 | 1991-02-07 | Widia Heinlein Gmbh | Messerkopf |
SE502196C2 (sv) * | 1990-12-03 | 1995-09-11 | Sandvik Ab | Vändskär med positiv spånvinkel, samt fräsverktyg, företrädesvis för hörnfräsning |
JP2522862Y2 (ja) * | 1991-03-28 | 1997-01-16 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 転削工具 |
CN2221459Y (zh) * | 1994-07-20 | 1996-03-06 | 桂育鹏 | 错齿通用式可转位面铣刀 |
DE19516893A1 (de) * | 1995-05-09 | 1996-11-14 | Widia Gmbh | Schneideinsatz und Fräswerkzeug |
US5876160A (en) * | 1996-08-21 | 1999-03-02 | Ingersoll Cutting Tool Company | Milling with insert having cutting-edge land of width increasing with depth of cut |
DE10006431C1 (de) * | 2000-02-14 | 2001-09-27 | Felix Leeb | Fräs- u. Drehwerkzeug |
JP2002059308A (ja) * | 2000-08-21 | 2002-02-26 | Tadashi Sugiyama | フライスカッター |
JP4228557B2 (ja) | 2001-02-05 | 2009-02-25 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | スローアウェイチップ |
WO2005005084A1 (de) * | 2003-07-09 | 2005-01-20 | Kennametal Widia Produktions Gmbh & Co. Kg | Schneideinsatz |
JP2005111651A (ja) * | 2003-09-19 | 2005-04-28 | Tungaloy Corp | チップおよびフライスカッタおよびそれらを用いた加工方法 |
JP4706284B2 (ja) * | 2004-04-06 | 2011-06-22 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | インサート着脱式転削工具 |
DE102004022360B4 (de) | 2004-04-30 | 2018-05-09 | Gebr. Heller Maschinenfabrik Gmbh | Verfahren zur Feinbearbeitung, vorzugsweise zur Feinstschlichtbearbeitung, von Werkstücken vorzugsweise von Kurbelwellen |
CN2740323Y (zh) * | 2004-11-10 | 2005-11-16 | 严介兴 | 螺钉调节式可重磨机夹刀具 |
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2006
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2007
- 2007-04-11 MX MX2008013021A patent/MX2008013021A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2007-04-11 CA CA002648102A patent/CA2648102A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-04-11 BR BRPI0710188-0A patent/BRPI0710188A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-04-11 AT AT07722190T patent/ATE432786T1/de active
- 2007-04-11 DE DE502007000838T patent/DE502007000838D1/de active Active
- 2007-04-11 WO PCT/DE2007/000632 patent/WO2007115561A1/de active Application Filing
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US20090092456A1 (en) | 2009-04-09 |
US7832963B2 (en) | 2010-11-16 |
RU2008140359A (ru) | 2010-05-20 |
CN101389433B (zh) | 2011-04-13 |
DE202006006081U1 (de) | 2007-08-16 |
KR20090004948A (ko) | 2009-01-12 |
WO2007115561A1 (de) | 2007-10-18 |
PL2004354T3 (pl) | 2009-09-30 |
BRPI0710188A2 (pt) | 2011-08-09 |
ATE432786T1 (de) | 2009-06-15 |
EP2004354A1 (de) | 2008-12-24 |
MX2008013021A (es) | 2008-10-17 |
CA2648102A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 |
JP2009533232A (ja) | 2009-09-17 |
DE502007000838D1 (de) | 2009-07-16 |
RU2424878C2 (ru) | 2011-07-27 |
EP2004354B1 (de) | 2009-06-03 |
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