CN101263173B - 基于聚氨酯的凝胶物料，其制备和用途 - Google Patents
基于聚氨酯的凝胶物料，其制备和用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101263173B CN101263173B CN200680033629XA CN200680033629A CN101263173B CN 101263173 B CN101263173 B CN 101263173B CN 200680033629X A CN200680033629X A CN 200680033629XA CN 200680033629 A CN200680033629 A CN 200680033629A CN 101263173 B CN101263173 B CN 101263173B
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Abstract
本发明涉及基于NCO预聚物和具有对异氰酸酯基团呈反应性基团的选出化合物的改善凝胶物料，该凝胶物料的制备方法及其在压力分配元件中的用途。
Description
本发明涉及基于由NCO预聚物和具有对异氰酸酯基团呈反应性基团的选出化合物的改善凝胶物料，该凝胶物料的制备方法及其在压力分配元件中的用途。
用于压力分配(druckverteilend)元件(例如在轮椅的垫子中)的凝胶物料据记载尤其基于聚氯乙烯、聚有机硅氧烷和聚氨酯，也即来自多元醇和多异氰酸酯的反应产物。已经证实基于聚氨酯的凝胶物料(例如在EP-A 057838中记载的)特别有利地有目的地适配各种目标应用的性能。这类可以由具有高分子量(羟基数：20-112)的多元醇和多异氰酸酯获得的聚氨酯凝胶具有如下缺陷：这两种反应组分必须以彼此相差很远的量混合。由此，在机械制备凝胶时必须非常精确地和以最低的波动计量添加相对少量使用的多异氰酸酯组分，这是因为否则得到具有不同稠度的不均匀凝胶物料。
与之不同的是，在EP-A 511570中记载了这样的聚氨酯凝胶物料，其中所述组分以这样的混合比例使用，该混合比例允许特别在使用高压机器时均匀混合这些组分。该多元醇组分由羟基数低于112的多元醇和羟基数为112-600的多元醇的混合物组成。该反应混合物的异氰酸酯指数为15-59.81，该异氰酸酯官能度和多元醇官能度的乘积至少为6.15。这种凝胶物料的缺陷在于，该机械性能仅在窄的限值内变化。这样，在低硬度(例如肖氏00＜40)情况下仅能实现非常有限的回弹性(Rückstellverm
gen)。作为回弹性是指凝胶模塑体在垂直压缩到50％之后再恢复到初始高度的时间。该特别有限的回弹性很大程度上限制了这种凝胶的可能应用领域。
在EP-A 282554中记载了具有内在粘性的皮肤友好的凝胶物料，其可以用于例如皮肤膏药(Hautpflaster)。这种凝胶物料可以通过让NCO预聚物(通过让多异氰酸酯和聚氧亚烷基二醇-单烷基醚反应而制备)和含羟基化合物(例如水或多元醇)反应获得。所用的多元醇尤其可以为以化学计量量与NCO预聚物反应的二元醇。这种凝胶物料的缺陷在于，其机械性能仅在有限的范围内变化。这样，当例如试图通过降低指数来调节低的硬度(例如肖氏00＜40)时，得到具有低回弹性直至形状不稳定的凝胶物料。
因此，本发明的任务在于提供这样的凝胶物料，其具有低硬度和好的回弹性，且其机械性能可以在宽的限值内变化。同时，可以在使用高压机器的情况下实现组分的均匀混合，这是因为只有通过这种方式才能加工快速、反应性的凝胶***。
已经令人惊奇地发现经改善的凝胶物料，其不具有上述缺陷并优异地解决上述任务。
本发明的主题是基于由NCO预聚物和多元醇组分的反应混合物的凝胶物料，其特征在于，
a)所用的NCO预聚物可由官能度为2.1-5的多异氰酸酯和分子量为1000-18000的聚氧亚烷基二醇-单烷基醚获得，其中NCO基团对OH基团的比例为2∶1-8∶1，和
b)多元醇组分，其具有6-112的平均羟基数和3-8的表观(formal)官能度，
其中该反应混合物的指数为15-60。
本发明的凝胶物料通过让NCO预聚物和多元醇组分反应制备。其中所用的NCO预聚物由官能度为2.1-5的多异氰酸酯和分子量为1000-18000的多元醇亚烷基二醇-单烷基醚制备，其中NCO基团对OH基团的比为2∶1-8∶1。所用的多元醇组分具有6-112的平均羟基数，和3-8的表观官能度。该反应混合物的指数为15-60。指数是指NCO基团对OH基团的当量比乘以100。这样，例如指数15是指每一个来自多元醇的反应性OH基团存在0.15个来自预聚物的反应性NCO基团，或者每一个来自预聚物的反应性NCO基团存在6.67个来自多元醇的反应性OH基团。
用于制备本发明的凝胶物料的组分可以以下面的混合比使用，其使得可以特别在使用高压机器时均匀混合所述组分。通过使用高压机器使得可以加工快速、反应性的凝胶体系，从而可以以高(hohe)的周期时间经济地生产凝胶模塑体。此外，允许在宽限值内改变凝胶物料的机械性能。由此可以在低硬度(肖氏00＜40)情况下达到好的回弹性，例如在防褥疮垫、扶手、鞋底料(Schuheinlage)、办公椅、褥子和鞍座中所要求的压力分配支承物情况下所要求的。
本发明的凝胶物料通常优选不含水和可以视需要另外含有0-50重量％的聚氨酯化学中本身已知的填料，基于凝胶物料的总重量。该凝胶物料可以视需要含有0-25重量％的助剂和添加剂，基于该凝胶物料。视需要可以存在0-5重量％量的催化剂，基于该凝胶物料。
本发明的主题还在于用于制备该凝胶物料的方法，其特征在于，
a)一种或多种NCO预聚物，其由官能度为2.1-5的多异氰酸酯和分子量为1000-18000的聚氧亚烷基二醇-单烷基醚制备，其中NCO/OH比为2∶1-8∶1，与
b)由一种或多种多元醇组成的平均羟基数为6-112和表观官能度为3-8的多元醇组分反应，所述反应在存在下列组分的条件下进行，
c)视需要的0-5重量％的一种或多种针对异氰酸酯基团和羟基之间的反应的催化剂，基于该凝胶物料，和
d)视需要的0-50重量％的填料，基于该凝胶物料，和
e)视需要的0-25重量％的助剂和/或添加剂，基于该凝胶物料，
其中该反应混合物的指数为15-60。
用于制备起始组分a)的多异氰酸酯优选为脂族、脂环族或者芳族多异氰酸酯。优选为在室温呈液态的二苯基甲烷系列的二异氰酸酯和/或多异氰酸酯。其包括在室温呈液态的和视需要相应改性的4，4’-二异氰酸根合二苯基甲烷和2，4’-和视需要2，2’-二异氰酸根合二苯基甲烷的混合物。很合适的还有室温下呈液态的二苯基甲烷系列的多异氰酸酯混合物，其除了含有其较高级同系物的上述异构体之外，还含有以已知方式通过苯胺/甲醛缩合物的光气化获得的那些。这些二异氰酸酯和多异氰酸酯的含尿烷基团和/或碳二亚胺基团的改性产物也是合适的。所述二异氰酸酯和多异氰酸酯的含脲基甲酸酯和/或缩二脲基团的改性产物同样是合适的。所述多异氰酸酯组分含有2.1-5.0，优选2.5-3.1的平均NCO官能度。
用于制备起始组分a)的聚氧亚烷基二醇-单烷基醚是这样的聚(氧亚烷基)多元醇，其可以以已知的方式在存在催化剂条件下通过在单官能起始化合物上加聚环氧烷烃制备。优选的起始化合物是每个分子具有一个羟基的分子，例如乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、丁基二甘醇，它们可以单独或者以混合物形式使用。以此方式得到具有含1-18个碳原子、优选含2-6个碳原子、特别优选含4个碳原子的烷基的单烷基醚，也即单丁基醚。优选地，根据本发明所用的聚(氧亚烷基)多元醇由一种或多种环氧烷烃制备。优选使用的环氧烷烃是环氧乙烷、甲基环氧乙烷和乙基环氧乙烷。这些可以单独或者以混合物形式使用。在以混合物形式使用时，所述环氧烷烃可以无规或者嵌段或者两者先后反应。优选使用环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷的混合物来制备数均分子量为1000-18000g/mol，优选1000-3000g/mol的本发明的聚氧亚烷基二醇-单烷基醚。
为了制备所用的多异氰酸酯预聚物a)，在视需要存在催化剂的条件下以上述的NCO/OH比例(为2∶1-8∶1)加热多异氰酸酯和聚氧亚烷基二醇-单烷基醚，直到反应结束。
多元醇组分b)除了实现作为聚氨酯基质的构造成分的功能之外，还起到分散剂的作用。待使用的多元醇可以优选为聚氨酯化学中已知的在10-60℃呈液态的多羟基聚醚、多羟基聚酯、多羟基聚硫醚、多羟基聚缩醛、多羟基聚碳酸酯、多羟基聚酯酰胺、多羟基聚酰胺或多羟基聚丁二烯。已经含有尿烷基团或者脲基的多羟基化合物和视需要改性的天然多元醇，例如蓖麻油，也可以用作多元醇组分。当然还可以使用上述化合物的混合物，例如多羟基聚醚和多羟基聚酯的混合物。
所用的多元醇b)优选为这样的多羟基聚醚，其可以以已知的方式在存在催化剂条件下通过在多官能起始化合物上加聚环氧烷烃制备。优选地，本发明所用的聚(氧亚烷基)多元醇由具有平均3-8个活性氢原子的起始化合物和一种或多种环氧烷烃制备。优选的起始化合物是每个分子具有3-8个羟基的分子，例如三乙醇胺、丙三醇、三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、山梨醇和蔗糖。所述起始化合物可以单独或者以混合物形式使用，尤其是其与双官能起始化合物例如二乙二醇、二丙二醇、三乙二醇、三丙二醇、1，4-丁二醇、1，6-己二醇的混合物。本发明所用的多元醇b)由一种或多种环氧烷烃制备。优选使用的环氧烷烃是环氧乙烷、甲基环氧乙烷和乙基环氧乙烷。这些物质可以单独或者以混合物形式使用。在使用混合物的情况下，所述环氧烷烃可以无规或者嵌段或者两者先后反应。同样合适的是其中高分子加聚物、缩聚物或者聚合物以细分散、溶解或者接枝形式存在的高分子量多羟基聚醚。这类改性的多羟基化合物例如以如下方式获得：在含羟基化合物中原位进行加聚反应(例如多异氰酸酯和氨基官能化的化合物之间的反应)和/或缩聚反应(例如甲醛和酚类和/或胺类之间)(例如在DE-AS 1168075中所述)。通过乙烯基聚合物改性的多羟基化合物，例如在存在聚醚情况下通过聚合苯乙烯和丙烯腈而获得的那些(例如根据US-PS 3383351)，也适合在本发明方法中用作多元醇组分b)。上述的根据本发明作为起始组分b)使用的化合物的代表物是例如在Kunststoff-Hahdbuch，卷VII“Polyurethane”，第3版，Carl Hanser出版社，München/Wien，1993，第57-67页或第88-90页中描述的。
优选地，作为多元醇组分b)使用一种或多种多羟基聚醚，其具有6-112的平均羟基数和3-8、优选3-6的表观官能度。
本身缓慢进行的凝胶形成反应可以视需要通过添加催化剂来加速。其中可以使用本身已知的促进羟基基团和异氰酸酯基团之间反应的催化剂。特别可以考虑本领域已知的叔胺，例如三乙胺、三丁胺、N-甲基吗啉、N-乙基吗啉、N-椰油基吗啉、N，N，N’，N’-四甲基乙二胺、1，4-二氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛烷、N-甲基-N’-二甲基氨基乙基吡嗪、N，N-二甲基环己胺、N，N，N’，N’-四甲基-1，3-丁二胺、N，N-二甲基咪唑-β-苯基乙基胺、1，2-二甲基咪唑或者2-甲基咪唑。还可以使用有机金属催化剂，特别是有机铋催化剂，例如新癸酸铋(III)或者有机锡催化剂，例如羧酸的锡(II)盐，如乙酸锡(II)、辛酸锡(II)、乙基己酸锡(II)和月桂酸锡(II)，以及羧酸的二烷基锡盐，例如二乙酸二丁基锡、二月桂酸二丁基锡、马来酸二丁基锡或者二乙酸二辛基锡，它们可以单独或者以和叔胺的组合形式使用。优选使用0-5重量％、特别是0.3-2.0重量％的催化剂或者催化剂组合，基于该凝胶物料。其它的催化剂代表物以及关于催化剂作用方式的详述参见Kunststoff-Handbuch，卷VII“Polyurethane”，第3版，Carl Hanser出版社，München/Wien，1993，第104-110页。
视需要一起使用的填料既可以是无机填料也可以是有机填料。作为无机填料可以示例性提及：硅酸盐矿物，例如页硅酸盐、金属氧化物例如氧化铁，特别是热解制备的金属氧化物如Aerosil(例如在EP-B 1 125 975中记载)，金属盐例如重晶石、无机颜料例如硫化镉、硫化锌以及玻璃、玻璃微球、玻璃空心微球，尤其可以使用天然和合成的纤维状矿物例如硅灰石和各种长度的玻璃纤维(其可以视需要经涂覆)。作为有机填料可以示例性提及：晶体石蜡或者脂肪(“相变材料”)(如EP-B 1 277 801中所述)、基于聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、脲醛物料和/或聚亚肼基二碳酰胺(例如可由肼和甲苯二异氰酸酯获得)的粉末。其中例如脲醛树脂或者聚亚肼基二碳酰胺可以在用于制备本发明的凝胶物料所用的多元醇中直接制备。还可以添加有机来源(例如在EP-B-1142943中所述)或者软木(例如在DE 10024087中所述)的空心微球。所述有机和/或无机填料可以单独或者以混合物形式使用。如果使用的话，填料以0直至50重量％，优选0直至30重量％的量添加到该反应混合物中，基于该凝胶物料的总重。
视需要一并使用的助剂和添加剂包括例如着色剂、保水物质、阻燃剂、增塑剂和/或一元醇。
作为着色剂，本发明的凝胶物料可以含有例如用于染色聚氨酯的本身已知的基于有机和/或无机基础的染料和/或有色颜料，例如氧化铁颜料和/或氧化铬颜料和基于酞菁和/或单偶氮的颜料。
适合作为保水物质的是对水呈高反应性的化合物，例如三(氯乙基)原甲酸酯，和保水填料，如碱土金属氧化物、沸石、氧化铝和硅酸盐。合适的合成沸石例如以商标Baylith
购得。
合适的视需要一并使用的阻燃剂例如为三甲酚磷酸酯、三-2-氯乙基磷酸酯、三(氯丙基)磷酸酯和三-2，3-二溴丙基磷酸酯。除了上面已经提及的卤素取代磷酸酯之外还可以使用无机阻燃剂，例如水合氧化铝、多磷酸铵、硫酸钙、多偏磷酸钠或者磷酸胺例如磷酸三聚氰胺。
作为增塑剂示例性提及多元羧酸、优选二元羧酸与一元醇的酯。这种酯的酸组分可以例如衍生自琥珀酸、间苯二甲酸、苯均三酸、邻苯二甲酸酐、四氢邻苯二甲酸酐和/或六氢邻苯二甲酸酐、桥亚甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐、戊二酸酐、马来酸酐、富马酸和/或二聚体和/或三聚体脂肪酸，视需要与单体脂肪酸混合。这种酯的醇组分可以例如衍生自支化和/或未支化的1-20个碳原子的脂族醇，例如甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、仲丁醇、叔丁醇；戊醇、己醇、辛醇(例如2-乙基己醇)、壬醇、癸醇、月桂醇、肉豆蔻醇、鲸蜡醇、硬脂醇和/或天然来源或者通过氢化天然来源的羧酸获得的脂肪醇和蜡醇的各种异构体。作为醇组分还可以考虑脂环族和/或芳族羟基化合物，例如环己醇及其同系物，苯酚、甲酚、百里酚、苯甲醇和/或苯乙醇。作为增塑剂还可以考虑上述醇和磷酸的酯。视需要还可以使用卤代醇的磷酸酯，例如三氯乙基磷酸酯。在后者情况下，可以同时实现增塑效果和阻燃效果。当然还可以使用上述醇和羧酸的混合酯。增塑剂可以为上述的聚合物增塑剂，例如己二酸、癸二酸和/或邻苯二甲酸的聚酯。还可以使用酚类的烷基磺酸酯(例如链烷烃磺酸苯基酯)作为增塑剂。
其它的视需要一并使用的添加剂是一元醇例如丁醇、2-乙基己醇、辛醇、十二烷醇或者环己醇，其可以一并使用以带来期望的链终止。
如果使用的话，所述添加剂可以以0直至25重量％、优选0直至10重量％的量添加到反应混合物中，基于凝胶物料的总重量。关于常规助剂和添加剂的详细描述参见专业文献，例如Kunststoff-Handbuch，卷VII“Polyurethane”，第3版，Carl Hanser出版社，München/Wien，1993，第114页起。
本发明的凝胶物料可以例如用作压力分配元件。对于该目的，通常要求该凝胶物料具有部分、单面或者所有面的涂层、覆层或者外壳。为了尽可能最大化凝胶物料的压力分配效果，有利地使用弹性的、可拉伸外壳材料。为此特别考虑弹性膜，例如具有好的粘塑性性能和高的断裂伸长和撕裂强度的聚合物膜，例如聚氨酯膜。适合作为外壳的还有具有弹性的经涂覆的弹性体纺织平面织物，例如来自天然或者合成的有机或者无机纤维材料的纺织物、针织物、编结物或者非织造物。柔性外壳可以以如下方式获得，也即用形成聚氨酯的双组分漆料覆盖该凝胶物料。在其中希望利用凝胶物料的可有意识调节的粘附性的用途中，例如人类或者动物身体表面的支承体，仅需要部分或者单面涂层或覆层。在一次性使用情况下特别如此。
凝胶物料的制备原则上可以以不同方式进行。例如可以根据单次触发法(one-shot-Verfahren)或者预聚物法进行。在单次触发法情况下，所有组分，例如多元醇，多异氰酸酯、视需要的催化剂和视需要的填料和/或添加剂一次性添加到一起，并彼此强烈混合。在预聚物法中首先制备异氰酸酯预聚物，其中将一部分的多元醇量和全部的用于形成凝胶的多异氰酸酯量反应，然后向所得的预聚物添加剩余量的多元醇和视需要的催化剂、填料和/或添加剂，并强烈混合。在本发明范围类特别优选的是预聚物法。其中组分b)至e)混合成“多元醇组分”，然后用多异氰酸酯-预聚物a)进行处理。视需要一并使用的催化剂、填料以及助剂和添加剂通常被添加到“多元醇组分”中，但是这也不是强制性的，因为与多异氰酸酯组分a)相容的催化剂和/或填料和/或助剂和添加剂也可以被结合到该多异氰酸酯组分中。
在均匀混合反应组分过程中产生的混合物可以以任何形式引入。其中各组分或者组分混合物的进料、计量添加和混合借助聚氨酯化学中本身已知的装置进行。以这种形式引入的混合物的量通常经测量，使得模塑体具有1.0-1.2g/cm3的密度。特别在一并使用矿物填料情况下，可以得到密度超过1.2g/cm3的模塑体。引入模具中的混合物的起始温度通常选自20-80℃，优选40-60℃。模具的温度通常为20-100℃，优选40-60℃。取决于反应组分，待添加的催化剂和温度变化过程，直到凝胶形成的结束以及直到模塑体脱模的时间可以为1分钟至12小时，优选为3-10分钟。
本发明的模塑物料具有在压力下变形的特性，由此分配压力，也即降低压力峰，并在产生形变的力消除后恢复到其初始状态。该模塑物料的特点特别在于低的硬度和高的弹性以及由此可以以多种多样的方式应用，例如作为凝胶垫用在整形外科鞋和运动鞋中、在鞍座上、马鞍下、轮椅和病床上、在座椅家具、特别是办公室座椅的落座区域、靠背区域上、靠枕和扶手上，在褥子中、在汽车座椅或者其它座椅中，在手术台或者医疗检查台上。此外，由具有单面覆层或者涂层的本发明的凝胶物料组成并具有高粘附性的压力分配元件特别可以用于人类和动物的身体表面。所述压力分配元件例如还用作肘部、胫部或者足面的支承体以避免和降低特别是运动时的损伤，用作化妆面罩(例如脸部面具)的支承物，作为针对眼部和耳部绷带用以固定的自粘性护板，作为用于支撑胸部组织松弛的支承物；作为马鞍下，在假体或者尿布上以防止受压点的垫子。本发明应当根据如下实施例进行详细描述。
实施例
在所述实施例中使用下列多元醇和NCO预聚物：
多元醇1：聚醚多元醇，由1，2-丙二醇进行丙氧基化制备，羟基数为56，官能度为2。
多元醇2：聚醚多元醇，由丙三醇进行丙氧基化制备，羟基数为56，官能度为3.
多元醇3：聚醚多元醇，由山梨醇进行丙氧基化，然后乙氧基化该烷氧基化产物而制备，羟基数为28.5，官能度为6。
多元醇4：聚醚多元醇，由山梨醇进行丙氧基化，然后乙氧基化该烷氧基化产物而制备，羟基数为100，官能度为6。
NCO预聚物1：来自Desmodur44V10(Bayer MaterialScience AG的产品，NCO含量：31.8％，平均NCO官能度：2.8，粘度(25℃)：100mPa.s)和Desmophen
VP.PU 50RE93(Bayer MaterialScience AG的产品；数均分子量：1700g/mol，官能度：1)以4∶1的NCO/OH比(理论NCO含量：5.8％)的预聚物。
NCO预聚物2：来自Desmodur
44V10(Bayer MaterialScience AG的产品，NCO含量：31.8％，平均NCO官能度：2.8，粘度(25℃)：100mPa.s)和Desmophen
VP.PU 50RE93(Bayer Material Science AG的产品；数均分子量：1700g/mol，官能度：1)以2∶1的NCO/OH比(理论NCO含量：2.2％)的预聚物。
催化剂1：新癸酸铋(III)(Coscat
83，C.H.Erbsl
h公司，47809Krefeld)。
过程
为了制备多异氰酸酯预聚物，将Desmodur
44V10和DesmophenVP.PU 50RE93以上述NCO/OH比进行混合，所述反应混合物在80℃反应4小时，然后冷却到室温。
为了制备凝胶物料，首先将100重量份的多元醇和1份催化剂1均匀化。然后添加x重量份NCO预聚物(混合比参见表1)，并在1分钟内混合。在添加NCO预聚物之后大约1分钟，所述混合物开始凝结成凝胶。加热该软弹性凝胶物料，以测定其形状稳定性、回弹性和肖氏00硬度。
| 实施例 | 1* | 2* | 3* | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| 多元醇羟基数官能度 | 1562 | 1562 | 2563 | 2563 | 2563 | 3286 | 41006 |
| 指数NCO预聚物的重量份NCO预聚物 | 100811 | 60491 | 100811 | 60481 | 49401 | 60392 | 18261 |
| 形状稳定性回弹性[sec]肖氏00硬度 | 是150 | 否--(液体) | 是183 | 是139 | 是26 | 是133 | 是31 |
*对比
对比实施例1和2表明，当试图通过降低指数来调低凝胶硬度(肖氏00＜40)时，得到形状不稳定的凝胶物料。
Claims (6)
1.基于可由NCO预聚物和多元醇组分获得的反应混合物的凝胶物料，其特征在于，
a)所用的NCO预聚物可由官能度为2.1-5的多异氰酸酯和分子量为1000-18000的聚氧亚烷基二醇-单烷基醚获得，其中NCO基团对OH基团的比例为2∶1-8∶1，和
b)多元醇组分，其具有6-112的平均羟基数和3-8的表观官能度，
其中该反应混合物的指数为15-60，其中该指数是指NCO基团对OH基团的当量比乘以100。
2.权利要求1的凝胶物料，其特征在于，所述反应混合物含有数量为0-50重量％的填料，基于凝胶物料。
3.权利要求1的凝胶物料，其特征在于，所述反应混合物另外含有数量为0-5重量％的催化剂，基于凝胶物料。
4.权利要求1的凝胶物料，其特征在于，所述反应混合物另外含有数量为0-25重量％的助剂和添加剂，基于凝胶物料。
5.用于制备权利要求1的凝胶物料的方法，其特征在于，
a)一种或多种NCO预聚物，其由官能度为2.1-5的多异氰酸酯和分子量为1000-18000的聚氧亚烷基二醇-单烷基醚制备，其中NCO/OH比为2∶1-8∶1，与
b)由一种或多种多元醇组成的平均羟基数为6-112和表观官能度为3-8的多元醇组分反应，所述反应在存在下列组分的条件下进行，
c)视需要的0-5重量％的一种或多种针对异氰酸酯基团和羟基之间的反应的催化剂，基于该凝胶物料，和
d)视需要的0-50重量％的填料，基于该凝胶物料，和
e)视需要的0-25重量％的助剂和/或添加剂，基于该凝胶物料，
其中该反应混合物的指数为15-60，其中该指数是指NCO基团对OH基团的当量比乘以100。
6.权利要求1的凝胶物料用于制备压力分配的支承物或者元件的用途。
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| US20110105634A1 (en) * | 2007-08-27 | 2011-05-05 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Catalysis of viscoelastic foams with bismuth salts |
| DE102009001769A1 (de) | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-01 | Basf Se | Magnetorheologische Elastomere |
| US10113043B2 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2018-10-30 | Twin Brook Capital Partners, Llc | Polyurethane gel particles, methods and use in flexible foams |
| ITVR20110160A1 (it) * | 2011-07-28 | 2013-01-29 | Selle Royal Spa | Supporto per parti di corpo umano e simili |
| ITVR20110206A1 (it) * | 2011-11-21 | 2013-05-22 | Technogel Italia Srl | Elemento di supporto e metodo per la realizzazione dello stesso |
| EP2620988A1 (de) | 2012-01-26 | 2013-07-31 | Basf Se | Transparente Polyurethane als Einbettung für opto-elektronische Bauteile |
| US10066047B2 (en) | 2012-02-02 | 2018-09-04 | Covestro Llc | Polyurethane foams with decreased aldehyde emissions, a process for preparing these foams and a method for decreasing aldehyde in polyurethane foams |
| CN102604032B (zh) * | 2012-02-28 | 2013-07-24 | 华南理工大学 | 一种温敏扩链剂及温度、pH双敏感的聚氨酯水凝胶 |
| ES2571538T3 (es) | 2012-03-28 | 2016-05-25 | Sca Hygiene Prod Ab | Uso de una estera adherente para asegurar un distribuidor de rollo portátil a una superficie horizontal y distribuidor de rollo portátil |
| CN103044899A (zh) * | 2012-12-25 | 2013-04-17 | 江苏恒康家居科技股份有限公司 | 一种聚合物凝胶及其制备方法 |
| DE102013001169A1 (de) * | 2013-01-24 | 2014-07-24 | Technogel Gmbh | Kissenartiger Formkörper und dessen Verwendung |
| JP6087644B2 (ja) * | 2013-01-31 | 2017-03-01 | 株式会社イノアックコーポレーション | 発泡体成形品、および、発泡体成形品の製造方法 |
| ITVR20130084A1 (it) * | 2013-04-08 | 2014-10-09 | Technogel Italia Srl | Elemento di imbottitura per sedute e metodo per la sua realizzazione |
| US9574969B2 (en) | 2014-05-09 | 2017-02-21 | Corning Incorporated | Apparatuses for screen testing an optical fiber and methods for using the same |
| ES2713158T3 (es) | 2014-09-04 | 2019-05-20 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Composición de gel basada en poliuretano |
| US20160356669A1 (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2016-12-08 | Corning Incorporated | Integrated capstan and apparatus for screen testing an optical fiber |
| CN107848285B (zh) * | 2015-07-10 | 2021-02-09 | 三井化学株式会社 | 聚氨酯凝胶及其制造方法 |
| US10180731B2 (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2019-01-15 | Dassault Systemes Americas Corp. | Virtual clay modeling haptic device |
| EP3415543B1 (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2020-05-13 | Technogel Italia S.R.L. | Temperature regulating polyurethane gels |
| CA3062140A1 (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2018-09-27 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Polyurethane based proppant coatings |
| WO2018208678A1 (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2018-11-15 | Tempur-Pedic Management, Llc | Cooling support cushion and related methods |
| RU2683098C2 (ru) * | 2017-06-05 | 2019-03-26 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Государственный университет морского и речного флота имени адмирала С.О. Макарова" | Полиуретановый гель |
| US10793692B2 (en) | 2018-10-24 | 2020-10-06 | Covestro Llc | Viscoelastic flexible foams comprising hydroxyl-terminated prepolymers |
| US11814566B2 (en) | 2020-07-13 | 2023-11-14 | L&P Property Management Company | Thermally conductive nanomaterials in flexible foam |
| US11597862B2 (en) | 2021-03-10 | 2023-03-07 | L&P Property Management Company | Thermally conductive nanomaterial coatings on flexible foam or fabrics |
| US11572433B2 (en) | 2021-03-12 | 2023-02-07 | Covestro Llc | In-situ formed polyols, a process for their preparation, foams prepared from these in-situ formed polyols and a process for their preparation |
| US11718705B2 (en) | 2021-07-28 | 2023-08-08 | Covestro Llc | In-situ formed polyether polyols, a process for their preparation, and a process for the preparation of polyurethane foams |
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| US20040147707A1 (en) * | 2002-11-18 | 2004-07-29 | Arendoski Christopher A | Polyurethane elastomer gels |
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| DE3103564A1 (de) * | 1981-02-03 | 1982-08-26 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Gel-polster, verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung |
| GB8629231D0 (en) * | 1986-12-06 | 1987-01-14 | Smith & Nephew Ass | Adhesive & dressings |
| WO1988001878A1 (en) * | 1986-09-20 | 1988-03-24 | Smith And Nephew Associated Companies Plc | Adhesive dressing |
| US5183664A (en) * | 1986-09-20 | 1993-02-02 | Smith And Nephew Associated Companies P.L.C. | Thin film adhesive dressings preparation and use |
| DE19618825A1 (de) * | 1996-05-10 | 1997-11-13 | Bayer Ag | Hydrophile, selbstklebende Polyurethan-Gelmassen |
| US6136879A (en) * | 1997-10-28 | 2000-10-24 | Tokai Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Soft polyurethane foam, method of producing the same and vehicle interior member using the same |
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2005
- 2005-09-16 DE DE102005044314A patent/DE102005044314A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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2006
- 2006-09-05 PT PT06777165T patent/PT1928927E/pt unknown
- 2006-09-05 BR BRPI0616164A patent/BRPI0616164B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-09-05 ES ES06777165T patent/ES2327272T3/es active Active
- 2006-09-05 AT AT06777165T patent/ATE434006T1/de active
- 2006-09-05 DK DK06777165T patent/DK1928927T3/da active
- 2006-09-05 CN CN200680033629XA patent/CN101263173B/zh active Active
- 2006-09-05 JP JP2008530379A patent/JP5469863B2/ja active Active
- 2006-09-05 AU AU2006294123A patent/AU2006294123A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-09-05 KR KR1020087008959A patent/KR20080058399A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-09-05 SI SI200630383T patent/SI1928927T1/sl unknown
- 2006-09-05 WO PCT/EP2006/008636 patent/WO2007033760A1/de active Application Filing
- 2006-09-05 CA CA002622419A patent/CA2622419A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-09-05 EP EP06777165A patent/EP1928927B1/de active Active
- 2006-09-05 DE DE502006004021T patent/DE502006004021D1/de active Active
- 2006-09-05 RU RU2008114223/04A patent/RU2008114223A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-09-05 PL PL06777165T patent/PL1928927T3/pl unknown
- 2006-09-07 US US11/517,237 patent/US8232364B2/en active Active
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2008
- 2008-04-10 NO NO20081752A patent/NO20081752L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
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| US5362834A (en) * | 1991-05-01 | 1994-11-08 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Gel compounds, their production and use |
| US20040147707A1 (en) * | 2002-11-18 | 2004-07-29 | Arendoski Christopher A | Polyurethane elastomer gels |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BRPI0616164A2 (pt) | 2011-06-07 |
| US8232364B2 (en) | 2012-07-31 |
| DE102005044314A1 (de) | 2007-03-29 |
| CN101263173A (zh) | 2008-09-10 |
| ES2327272T8 (es) | 2016-01-12 |
| DE502006004021D1 (de) | 2009-07-30 |
| RU2008114223A (ru) | 2009-10-27 |
| JP2009507969A (ja) | 2009-02-26 |
| WO2007033760A1 (de) | 2007-03-29 |
| JP5469863B2 (ja) | 2014-04-16 |
| ATE434006T1 (de) | 2009-07-15 |
| EP1928927B1 (de) | 2009-06-17 |
| PT1928927E (pt) | 2009-08-17 |
| PL1928927T3 (pl) | 2009-12-31 |
| BRPI0616164B1 (pt) | 2017-04-18 |
| CA2622419A1 (en) | 2007-03-29 |
| NO20081752L (no) | 2008-04-10 |
| EP1928927A1 (de) | 2008-06-11 |
| SI1928927T1 (sl) | 2009-10-31 |
| AU2006294123A1 (en) | 2007-03-29 |
| US20070066788A1 (en) | 2007-03-22 |
| KR20080058399A (ko) | 2008-06-25 |
| ES2327272T3 (es) | 2009-10-27 |
| DK1928927T3 (da) | 2009-09-28 |
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