CN101228064A - Transport system and method for simultaneously transporting workpieces and assemblers on a production line - Google Patents

Transport system and method for simultaneously transporting workpieces and assemblers on a production line Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101228064A
CN101228064A CNA2006800270860A CN200680027086A CN101228064A CN 101228064 A CN101228064 A CN 101228064A CN A2006800270860 A CNA2006800270860 A CN A2006800270860A CN 200680027086 A CN200680027086 A CN 200680027086A CN 101228064 A CN101228064 A CN 101228064A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
transport trolley
association
delivery system
actuating device
thrust
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Pending
Application number
CNA2006800270860A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
J·罗克尔
W·斯沃博达
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eisenmann Anlagenbau GmbH and Co KG
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Eisenmann Anlagenbau GmbH and Co KG
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Application filed by Eisenmann Anlagenbau GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Eisenmann Anlagenbau GmbH and Co KG
Publication of CN101228064A publication Critical patent/CN101228064A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D65/00Designing, manufacturing, e.g. assembling, facilitating disassembly, or structurally modifying motor vehicles or trailers, not otherwise provided for
    • B62D65/02Joining sub-units or components to, or positioning sub-units or components with respect to, body shell or other sub-units or components
    • B62D65/18Transportation, conveyor or haulage systems specially adapted for motor vehicle or trailer assembly lines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automobile Manufacture Line, Endless Track Vehicle, Trailer (AREA)
  • Automatic Assembly (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a transport system (10) for simultaneously transporting workpieces (28) and assemblers on a production line (12) comprising at least one rectilinear production section (18, 20) for several guided motor vehicles (22), each of which is provided with a mounting platform (24) which extends along the entire vehicle length and on which the assemblers can move, wherein said vehicles can form a train (30) during the displacement thereof along the production line (12). Each mounting platform is provided with its own drive (42). Said drives are controllable in such a way that the vehicles are driven in the form of a train (30) during the displacement thereof along the production section (18, 20). A method for simultaneously transporting workpieces (28) and assemblers along the production line (12) provided with at least one rectilinear production section (18, 20). The inventive method consists in driving the vehicles (22) in the form of a train by means of the drives (42) mounted on the vehicles (22) during the displacement thereof along the production section (18, 20).

Description

Be used on manufacturing line the delivery system and the method for transmitting workpiece and assembler simultaneously
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of being used for produces on the manufacturing line of section the delivery system and the method for transmitting workpiece and assembler simultaneously having at least one straight line, and wherein, delivery system comprises the affined transport trolley of a plurality of tracks, described transport trolley
A) has extend an and assembly floor that for the assembler, can walk on whole transport trolley length respectively;
B) can form association (Verband) when manufacturing line travels, in association, the assembly floor of adjacent transport trolley adjoins each other basically very close to each otherly; And
C) has oneself a actuating device respectively.
Background technology
By known such delivery system among DE 40 20 286 C2, this delivery system for example is used in the final assembling of automobile.Different with the delivery system that is designed to only to be used for transmitting workpiece, the delivery system described in this document allowed together to carry the assembler with workpiece in the long time period.In this way, the assembler can assemble or other work workpiece, and needn't walk about in that workpiece is other.
In addition, described transport trolley is produced section along the straight line of manufacturing line and is formed a propelling association (Schubverband).Here, the transport trolley that each rearmost transport trolley promotes to travel is in front produced section by straight line, and wherein rearmost transport trolley is driven by the external driver device of stationkeeping.Described actuating device for example is the friction wheel that acts on vertical side of assembly floor from the outside and apply the required thrust that travels forward by this way.By promoting from behind and can realizing, promotion platform in promoting association adjoins each other all the time basically very close to each otherly, therefore the assembler can not interrupted as far as possible and move on assembly floor with being safe from danger, particularly goes on the next assembly floor from an assembly floor.
Produce the end of section at straight line, produced on the section, promote association and dismissed once more by single transport trolley is transformed in the conversion station or is transported to another straight line when the negotiation of bends horizontal or vertically.In the delivery system known by DE40 20 286 C2, transport trolley has the actuating device of oneself, thereby transport trolley can be produced between the section mobile independently at straight line.In transport trolley is received in the promotion association, just close the actuating device of oneself.
Assembly floor not only must carry assembler and workpiece, and must accept and derive big longitudinal force and common transverse force.Particularly effect has such thrust in a longitudinal direction, makes described thrust on single transport trolley owing to travelling in promoting association.Always be driven also thereby the longitudinal force maximum in the rearmost transport trolley of travel direction, because the whole resistance of motion that promotes association all acts on this transport trolley.Transverse force may be mainly by exterior actuating device for example friction wheel cause.
Because be applied to power on the assembly floor, assembly floor bears big stress, therefore, these assembly floors must be made to such an extent that have rigidity and the stability that surpasses the requirement that the weight by workpiece to be lifted and assembler obtains.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is, a kind of delivery system that starts described type is provided, the power that is applied on the assembly floor in described delivery system reduces.
Described purpose realizes in the delivery system of the described type of beginning like this,, can control the actuating device of transport trolley so that is, makes described actuating device drive described transport trolley (transport trolley being kept) when straight line production section is travelled in association.
In this way, can abandon the external drive structure that applies transverse force, for example friction wheel.Each transport trolley is driven by its oneself actuating device all the time, thereby also acts on less longitudinal force in promoting association on rearmost transport trolley on the travel direction, because this transport trolley no longer bears the total motion resistance that promotes association now.
Here, if control the actuating device of transport trolley like this, that is, and transport trolley in association offside put lean on after, the torque that is produced by the actuating device of transport trolley is just big more, then is favourable.Can guarantee that thus whole association is pushed ahead all the time equably, and the assembly floor of adjacent transport trolley adjoins each other all the time basically very close to each otherly here.Can there be such danger when torque is identical, that is, because the different adjacent transpories trolley of friction drag is separated from each other.
Here, very close to each other basically being meant still can stay maximum 5cm between the assembly floor of two adjacent transpories trolley, and preferably less than the gap of 1cm, this gap is for example by the rubber convex cross-over connection of getting up.
In order to make the thrust that acts on the assembly floor not too big, if control the actuating device of transport trolley like this, that is, make on its travel direction, there not being effect to surpass the thrust of a threshold value between the adjacent transport trolley, then be favourable.Generally, described threshold value depends on the requirement of manufacturing line or delivery system, and these require particularly to be subjected to the influence of workpiece to be assembled and/or to be processed.
In addition, if transport trolley can be connected with each other by power-transfer clutch when travelling in association, then be favourable.Thus, even the control system of single transport trolley or its actuating device possibility is malfunctioning or control system is separated owing to its design can not stop the transport trolley in the association in principle, has also guaranteed association and therefore guaranteed that the assembler can move between two adjacent transpories trolley with being safe from danger.
Verifiedly particularly advantageous be, travel each other near the time power-transfer clutch kayser mutually automatically.
Not separated when travelling in association in order to ensure transport trolley, if be provided for measuring the device of the thrust that the actuating device by transport trolley produces on transport trolley, for example pressure sensor then is favourable.
Be controlled at the actuating device of the transport trolley that travels in the association this moment like this, that is, make the thrust that records be in the interval given in advance.
In order to make on the assembler walks the assembly floor of adjacent transport trolley from the assembly floor of a transport trolley with being safe from danger,, then be favourable if the assembly floor of adjacent transport trolley is spaced from each other when travelling in association less than 5cm, preferably less than 1cm.This distance then waits cross-over connection by rubber bumps.
For workpiece to be assembled and/or to be processed closely is arranged on the assembly floor for the assembler easily,, then be favourable if on transport trolley, be furnished with functional unit.This functional unit can be bay-lift technically more simply, arranges and the workpiece on it can be moved on the different height by this bay-lift.
The objective of the invention is in addition, a kind of method that starts described type is provided, reduce to be applied to power on the assembly floor by this method.
Described purpose realizes that by the method for the described type of beginning in the method, transport trolley is being driven when straight line production section is travelled by means of the actuating device that is arranged on the transport trolley in association.
The favourable improved form of this method is referring to claim 14 to 22, and its advantage can reasonably obtain from above-mentioned explanation.
Description of drawings
Below with reference to accompanying drawings one embodiment of the invention are elaborated.Shown in the figure:
Fig. 1 illustrates the birds-eye view of very simplifying of the embodiment of delivery system;
Fig. 2 illustrates the birds-eye view of amplification of the single transport trolley of delivery system shown in Figure 1.
The lateral plan of the amplification the when transport trolley that Fig. 3 illustrates delivery system shown in Figure 1 does not have workpiece thereon;
The back view of the amplification the when transport trolley that Fig. 4 illustrates delivery system shown in Figure 1 does not have workpiece thereon;
Fig. 5 illustrates and is used for connecting the simplified side view of the power-transfer clutch of transport trolley in the amplification of kayser process; And
Fig. 6 illustrates the power-transfer clutch shown in Fig. 5 of the kayser state of being in.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 illustrates an embodiment of delivery system 10 with the birds-eye view of very simplifying, and this delivery system is arranged on and is used for transmitting workpiece and assembler simultaneously on the manufacturing line 12 shown in the part in Fig. 1.Delivery system 10 comprises the driving path that is formed by guide rail 14,16.Be provided with two and produce section 18,20 in shown simplified embodiment, guide rail 14,16 is along described production section straight-line extension.Guide rail 14,16 plain cloth as far as possible is located in the fitter's shop, and wherein manufacturing line 12 may comprise the production section 18,20 of other this straight line generally.Producing between the section 18,20, guide rail 14, the 16 17 arc bendings in the highway section form the osed top driving path thus.
The transport trolley 22 that is configured to same type is in guide rail 14,16 cocycles operation, and wherein one illustrates with the birds-eye view amplification in Fig. 2.Transport trolley 22 has an assembly floor 24 respectively and carries a bay-lift 26 respectively in central authorities, in height is fixed with workpiece to be assembled on this bay-lift movably.Among the embodiment shown here, workpiece 28 is automobile body-in-whites of being ready for final assembling, and this only schematically shows in Fig. 1 and 2 very much.
Transport trolley 22 forms association 30 along producing section 18,20, and assembly floor 24 adjoins each other basically very close to each otherly in this association.Form one by this way for the continuable current surface of assembler, the assembler can move on this surface when assembling workpiece 28.
For the sake of clarity, not shown workpiece 28 in Fig. 3 and 4 is so can more easily pick out bay-lift 26.This bay-lift in height is adjustable by means of the transmission device 34 of cultrating, as known in the art.In order to prevent that the assembler from may enter into the transmission device 34 of cultrating, seal with respect to assembly floor 24 with bellows 36 around the bay-lift 26, wherein in Fig. 4, removed bellows 36, so that can see the transmission device 34 of cultrating transverse to guide rail 14,16 ground.
As shown in Fig. 3 and 4, transport trolley 22 moves on guide rail 14,16 by means of roller 38.Roller pair 40 can drive by means of actuating device, for example by means of electrical motor 42.Electrical motor 42 is connected with the transport trolley control system 46 at control motor 42 by lead 44.Transport trolley control system 46 for example is known processor unit itself.
Transport trolley control system 46 comprises receiving element 48 and transmitting element 50, carries out radio communication by means of this transport trolley control system of described unit and appreciable master control system 52 in Fig. 1, also will illustrate in greater detail it below.Certainly, the communication between transport trolley control system 46 and the master control system 52 also can be by contact rail by means of wipe contact or also can carry out contactlessly.
Transport trolley 22 is provided with the position transduser 54 with read head 56, and this read head can be read the position code 58 that for example is installed on guide rail 14,16 inboards.Position transduser 54 passes to transport trolley control system 46 by the position data of the transport trolley 22 that lead 60 will record like this, and this transport trolley control system combines described data and passes to master control system 52 with the signal that can distribute to definite transport trolley 22.
Fig. 5 and 6 shows power-transfer clutch 62, and the assembly floor 24 of adjacent transport trolley 22 can link by this power-transfer clutch.Power-transfer clutch 62 comprises the crotch 64 that is fixed on the assembly floor 24 and is fixed on swing claw 66 on the adjacent assembly floor 24.Crotch 64 and swing claw 66 all are " L " shape basically, and have touching face in the slope (Auflauffl  che) 68.Swing claw 66 is supporting swingably on its long end, and wherein oscillating axle extends perpendicular to the travel direction of transport trolley 22, this travel direction Fig. 5 with 6 in and identically among Fig. 1 represent by arrow 70.
On the sensing travel direction of the assembly floor 24 of transport trolley 22 distolateral, pressure sensor 72 is installed, to be determined on the travel direction 70 thrust effect, that produce by the electrical motor 42 of transport trolley 22, the output signal of this pressure sensor passes to the transport trolley control system 46 of corresponding transport trolley 22 by lead 74, and passes to master control system 52 by this transport trolley control system with the signal that can distribute to this transport trolley 22 combinedly.
On assembly floor 24, above pressure sensor, be provided with rubber bumps 76.
Above-mentioned delivery system 10 is worked by following mode:
Locate to be provided with respectively a position code 58 in the intermediate location 78,80,82,84 (Fig. 1) that the section 17 and the straight line of guide rail 14,16 arc-shaped bends are produced between the section 18,20.Here, among the embodiment shown here, and the position code at travel direction 70 corresponding intermediate location 78,80 places of transport trolley 22 section 17 of representing arc-shaped bend and straight line produce intermediate location between sections 18,20.In addition two position codes 58 at intermediate location 82,84 places correspondingly represent straight line produce section 18,20 and arc-shaped bend sections 17 between intermediate location.
Cross the position code 58 that for example is positioned at intermediate location 82 places if be positioned at the transport trolley 22A of association's 30 front ends, then master control system 52 identifies according to the position signal of transmission, and relevant transport trolley 22A is just leaving straight line production section 18 now and sailing the section 17 of guide rail 14,16 arc-shaped bends into.
Under the superincumbent situation, the control signal that master control system 52 improves the torque that makes electrical motor 42 passes to the transport trolley control system 46 of transport trolley 22A.The transport trolley control system 46 of transport trolley 22A is accessory drive 42 correspondingly now, makes the speed of transport trolley 22A improve with respect to its speed in association 30.
Now, transport trolley 22A crosses the section 17 of guide rail 14,16 arc-shaped bends with the speed that improves, and 78 places up to the in-position are promptly corresponding to the transport trolley 22B among Fig. 1.The speed that has improved with respect to the speed of the transport trolley 22A in association 30 is being desirable aspect the productive output of manufacturing line 12, and transport trolley 22 is produced section 18,20 from one as quickly as possible and arrived the next section of producing thus.
For transport trolley 22B, master control system 52 identifies according to the position signal that transmits at intermediate location 78 places, and relevant transport trolley 22B is just leaving the section 17 of guide rail 14,16 arc-shaped bends now and sailing straight line into and produce section 20.
Now, master control system 52 control signal that the torque that makes electrical motor 42 is reduced passes to the transport trolley control system 46 of transport trolley 22B.
Collide in order to ensure transport trolley 22B and to travel on its fwd transport trolley 22C, the torque of the electrical motor 42 of transport trolley 22B is greater than the torque of the electrical motor 42 that is in the transport trolley 22C in the association 30.
Arrive transport trolley 22C place up to transport trolley 22B, and before the assembly floor 24 of transport trolley 22A touched on the assembly floor 24 that bumps against transport trolley 22C, the pressure sensor 72 generation zero-signals of transport trolley 22B were because this sensor can not detect reaction pressure.
If contacting of the assembly floor 24 of the pressure sensor 72 of transport trolley 22B and transport trolley 22C towards the distolateral of this sensor, as shown in Figure 6, then pressure sensor 72 transmits a signal by the transport trolley control system 46 of transport trolley 22B to master control system 52, and this signal reflection transport trolley 22B is applied to the size of the thrust on the transport trolley 22C.
Master control system 52 is the single transpories trolley 22 in the control association 30 like this, that is, torque that the electrical motor 42 by transport trolley 22 produces or thrust are in the interval given in advance.
Can guarantee that thus transport trolley 22--for example transport trolley 22B--for example applies little thrust on the transport trolley 22C--at the transport trolley 22--that travels in front all the time, prevents opening clearance between assembly floor thus.
In by rubber bumps 76 assembly floors 24 spaced apart from each other, the detection of thrust also can be carried out by means of rang sensor.Because rubber bumps 76 elastic bucklings, thrust is big more, and the distance that adjacent assembly floor is 24 is just more little.
Except by in promoting association the thrust that applies between the single assembly floor 24 is controlled transport trolley 22, also can control the actuating device 42 of transport trolley 22 by the speed-torque adjustment (device) that makes up.Here, amount speed is defined as being slightly larger than the actual speed that reaches.Torque limit guarantees that the thrust of 24 of assembly floors can be not excessive.Here, the electric current by electrical motor 42 can be with the yardstick that acts on the torque that is produced by electrical motor 42.
In order further to improve safety, transport trolley is provided with power-transfer clutch 62.
If when transport trolley 22B has sailed straight line into and produces section 20, for example the distance between two of transport trolley 22B and 22C assembly floors reduces, and then two of power-transfer clutch 62 touching faces 68 are touched mutually, swing claw 66 thus and are lifted, as shown in Figure 5.If the distance that assembly floor is 24 further reduces, then swing claw 66 kayser takes place, as shown in Figure 6.
Here, be fixed on the close clearance that rubber bumps 76 on the assembly floor 24 of transport trolley 22B stays between being enclosed between the assembly floor 24 that adjoins each other.
As shown in Figure 6, in the transport trolley 22 in association 30, between the kayser projection (Rastnase) of claw 64,66, leave gap 86.Thus, under the distance between the assembly floor of two adjacent transpories trolley 22 of usually wishing-this distance is at least less than 5cm, and preferably swing claw 66 and do not bear drag load less than 1cm-.
By the additional power-transfer clutch 62 that is provided with,, just can prevent all under any circumstance that they can be separated from each other in straight line production section 18,20 in association 30 as long as two adjacent transpories trolley 22 travel.
When power-transfer clutch is set, produces intermediate location 82 between the section 17 of section 18,20 and arc-shaped bend and 84 places at each straight line of guide rail 14,16 or just in time before it, be respectively equipped with the device that is used for loosen the clutch 62.This device can for example be the push rod from the swing claw 66 of following pushing power-transfer clutch 62.
In case of necessity, power-transfer clutch 62 also can be guaranteed (maintenance) association 30 individually.In this case, needn't control transport trolley 22 like this, that is, the thrust that the electrical motor 42 by transport trolley 22 is produced is positioned at interval given in advance.
But except the power-transfer clutch that mechanical type unclamps, also can use electromagnet, this electromagnet is fixed on the end face of transport trolley 22 and switchable current.

Claims (20)

1. one kind was used in transmitting workpiece (28) of last while of manufacturing line (12) that has at least one straight line production section (18,20) and assembler's delivery system, and wherein, described delivery system (10) comprises the affined transport trolley of a plurality of tracks (22), described transport trolley
A) has extend an and assembly floor that for the assembler, can walk (24) on whole transport trolley length respectively;
B) forming association (30) when travelling along manufacturing line (12), in association, the assembly floor (24) of adjacent transport trolley (22) adjoins each other basically very close to each otherly; And
C) have oneself a actuating device (42) respectively,
Described delivery system is characterised in that, can control the actuating device (42) of transport trolley (22) like this, that is, make described actuating device produce section (18,20) at transport trolley along straight line and drive described transport trolley (22) when travelling in described association (30).
2. delivery system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, can control the actuating device (42) of transport trolley (22) like this, promptly, after one transport trolley (22) leans in association (30) more, then make the torque that produces by the actuating device (42) of transport trolley (22) big more.
3. delivery system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, can control the actuating device (42) of transport trolley (22) like this, that is, make that the travel direction (70) in transport trolley (22) is gone up the thrust that does not have to surpass a threshold value between adjacent transport trolley (22).
4. as each described delivery system of above-mentioned claim, it is characterized in that, can interconnect by power-transfer clutch (62) when transport trolley (22) travels in association (30).
5. delivery system as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described power-transfer clutch (62) is automatically mutual kayser when touching mutually.
6. delivery system as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that described power-transfer clutch comprises electromagnet.
7. as each described delivery system of above-mentioned claim, it is characterized in that transport trolley (22) is provided with and is used for the device (72) of mensuration by the thrust of actuating device (42) generation of transport trolley (22).
8. delivery system as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, the device (72) of the thrust that the described actuating device (42) that is used for measuring by transport trolley (22) produces is pressure sensor (72).
9. as each described delivery system of above-mentioned claim, it is characterized in that, be furnished with the rang sensor that is used for determining distance between the adjacent assembly floor (24) on the transport trolley (22).
10. as each described delivery system of above-mentioned claim, it is characterized in that the assembly floor (24) of adjacent transport trolley (22) is spaced from each other less than 5cm when travelling, preferably less than 1cm in association (30).
11. each the described delivery system as above-mentioned claim is characterized in that, is furnished with functional unit (26) on transport trolley (22).
12. delivery system as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, described functional unit (26) is bay-lift (26), utilizes described bay-lift the workpiece (28) that is arranged on this bay-lift can be moved on the differing heights.
13. be used for producing section (18 along having at least one straight line, 20) manufacturing line (12) while transmitting workpiece (28) and assembler's method, wherein, the affined transport trolley of a plurality of tracks (22) can form association (30) along manufacturing line (12) when travelling, described transport trolley (22) has respectively and extends on whole transport trolley length, and the assembly floor that for the assembler, can walk (24), in described association (30), the assembly floor (24) of adjacent transport trolley (22) adjoins each other basically very close to each otherly, described method is characterised in that, producing section (18 along straight line, when 20) travelling, in association (30), drive transport trolley (22) by means of the actuating device (42) that is arranged on the transport trolley (22).
14. method as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, drives transport trolley (22) like this by means of actuating device (42), that is, transport trolley (22) by afterwards being arranged in association (30), makes that then the thrust that is produced by actuating device (42) is big more more.
15. as claim 13 or 14 described methods, it is characterized in that, drive transport trolley (22) like this by means of actuating device (42), make do not surpassing on the travel direction (70) of thrust in transport trolley (22) of threshold value between the adjacent transport trolley (22).
16. each the described method as claim 13 to 15 is characterized in that, can interconnect by power-transfer clutch (62) when transport trolley (22) travels in association (30).
17. method as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, described power-transfer clutch (62) is automatically mutual kayser when touching.
18. each the described method as claim 13 to 17 is characterized in that, measures the thrust that the actuating device (42) by transport trolley (22) produces by means of being arranged on device (72) on the transport trolley (22).
19. method as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, measures the thrust that is produced by the actuating device (42) of transport trolley (22) by means of pressure sensor (72).
20. each the described method as claim 13 to 19 is characterized in that, when travelling in association (30), the assembly floor (24) of adjacent transport trolley (22) is spaced from each other less than 5cm, preferably less than 1cm.
CNA2006800270860A 2005-07-25 2006-05-20 Transport system and method for simultaneously transporting workpieces and assemblers on a production line Pending CN101228064A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005034582.4 2005-07-25
DE102005034582A DE102005034582B4 (en) 2005-07-25 2005-07-25 Conveyor system and method for the simultaneous transport of workpieces and fitters in a production line

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN101228064A true CN101228064A (en) 2008-07-23

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US (1) US20080276827A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1907268A1 (en)
CN (1) CN101228064A (en)
DE (1) DE102005034582B4 (en)
WO (1) WO2007012360A1 (en)

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