CA1132762A - Method of treating textile materials - Google Patents
Method of treating textile materialsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1132762A CA1132762A CA335,904A CA335904A CA1132762A CA 1132762 A CA1132762 A CA 1132762A CA 335904 A CA335904 A CA 335904A CA 1132762 A CA1132762 A CA 1132762A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- foamed
- dye
- textile
- finishing agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B19/00—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00
- D06B19/0088—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00 using a short bath ratio liquor
- D06B19/0094—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00 using a short bath ratio liquor as a foam
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/96—Dyeing characterised by a short bath ratio
- D06P1/965—Foam dyeing
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Coloring (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Disclosed herein is a process for treating textile materials with finishing agents wherein a first finishing agent-containing composition is applied to a textile material and a second composition, in the form of a foam, is thereafter applied to the textile prior to fixation of the the first applied composition. The first composition may also be applied in the form of a foam if desired. The com-positions may also contain reactive materials therein.
Disclosed herein is a process for treating textile materials with finishing agents wherein a first finishing agent-containing composition is applied to a textile material and a second composition, in the form of a foam, is thereafter applied to the textile prior to fixation of the the first applied composition. The first composition may also be applied in the form of a foam if desired. The com-positions may also contain reactive materials therein.
Description
i 1~L327~2 i. i Case No.l METHOD OF TREATING TEXTIL~ MATERIALS
P-1181 ll 1 l BACKGROUND OF TH~ INV~NTION
il i
P-1181 ll 1 l BACKGROUND OF TH~ INV~NTION
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2 1 This invention relates to textile materials and, more ' .' , .
3 particularly, to the application of finishing agents to textile
4 Imaterials.
~ Conventionally, the treating of textile materials with 6 !finishing agents, e.g., coloring agents or dyes, resins, soft-7 ¦eners, flame retardant agents, soil release agents and the like 8 1 involves a procedure wherein the finishing agent is either dis-9 jisolved or dispersed in a suitable liquid medium carrier such ~0 ¦¦as an aqueous or organic liquid, and then applied to the 11 i,textile, such as by passing the textile through a bath or vat 12 licontaining the solution or dispersion. Thereafter, the carrier 13 11 is removed from the fabric, usually by evaporation with or 1~ ¦,without heat. Since only a small amount of the finishing agent is needed to achieve the desired effect, a relatively large 16 i amount of carrier (water) is used to assure uniform distribu- `
17 I!tion of the finishing agent. This results in relatively large 18 l'~amounts of liquid medium which must be removed from the fabric.
19 ¦¦Consequently, a substantial amount of the cost incurred in such 20 1! processes resides in the liquid medium removal step.
21 ! For many textiles it is desired to apply more than one 22 ¦,finishing agent thereto. For example, it may be desirable to 23 first dye the textile and then apply a durable press agent or 24 to apply both durable press and soil release agents to the textile. Since relatively few of such combinations of finishing 2~ agents can be applied together from the same medium7 such 27 ll multiple agents are typically applied to the textile in a 28 I serial manner. Thus, for example, a coloring agent is first 29 !1 applied to the textile; the textile is then dried; and the 3o l colored textile then treated with a further fabric finishing ' ~ ' ?
76~ j !j i 1 ~lagent in a conventional manner and then re-dried.
2 1 In the foregoing process, the disadvantages earlier - 3 ¦ described as being associated with the conventional utilization 4 ¦of large quantities of liquid medium in the application of Ifinishing agents are necessarily multiplied. In an effort to 6 ¦avoid the difficulties involved with large amounts of liquid 7 jand the high cost of liquid removal processes, it has been 8 lattempted to conduct the serial application of finishing agents g llto a textile without intermediate drying of the textile after lo lleach application. However, this manner of operation itself 11 Iileads to serious problems. Thus, when the wet~textile to which 12 ¦¦ a first finishing agent solution or dispersion has been applied 13 ¦¦is brought into contact with a second liquid finishing agent 14 ¦!composition, e.g., when the wet textile is passed through a 15 1i bath thereof, the liquid associated with the textile from the 16 Ijfirst application serves to dilute or otherwise alter the 17 jcomposition of the second finishing agent solution or dispèrsion.
18 It is thereby nearly impossible to accurately control the 19 ¦application of specified quantities of the second finishing 20 ¦ agent to the textile, even with the utilization of complicated 21 jmeasuring devices and bath replenishment techniques.
22 I SUMMARY OF THE_INVENTION I
23 It is accordingly an object of the present invention 24 to provide a process for treating a textile with more than one finishing agent.
26 A further object of the present invention is to provide 27 a serial process for treating~a textile with at least one 2~ 1¦ finishing agent which does not require intermediate fixation of 29 the textile prior to application of a foam composition thereover.
3o ~ A till fur~her object of the present invention is to .
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,, I' , 1 I,provide a process of the type mentioned which does not present 2 lidifficulties in the control of the amounts of finishing agent 3 ¦l applied to the textile.
4 ¦ These and other objects are achieved by the provision jof a process wherein a textile is first treated with a finishing 6 ¦agent-containing composition and, prior to any significant dry-7 ¦! ing or fixation (i.e., complete removal of all liquid therefrom), 8 Ijis thereafter treated with a second covering composition which 9 l¦is applied in the form of a foam. The textile is then treated L0 ¦Ito collapse the foamed composition and effect uniform penetra- ¦
11 iition of the finishing agent into the fabric, if desired.
12 ii ` The treatment of textiles in accordance with the 13 ¦ present invention has the advantage of eliminating costly liquid 14 llremoval procedures between application of finishing agents.
15 ~ oreover, it has been found that application of the second 16 ¦ finishing agent in the subsequently applied foamed composition 17 ¦! avoids the earlier-referred to dilution effect arising from 18 ! conventional application of the second finishing agent in a lg lliquid solution or suspension slnce significantly less liquid Iper se is required when such compositions are applied as ~oams, 21 ¦and since the foam can be applied without the need for passing 22 ¦ the textile through a bath or vat containing the liquid finishing I
23 lagent composition. ~¦
24 In accordance with the present invention, the applica-25 ~tion of the first finishing agent-containing composition to the 26 ,textile can be accomplished in accordance with conventional 27 I techniques, e.g., by continuously`passing the te~tile through a 28 Ibath or vat containing the liquid composition. However, accord-29 ¦ ing to a preferred embodiment of this invention, the first finishing agent composition may be applied in the form of a ~3~
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foam. In this method of operation, this first foam applied to the textile is collapsed, prior to application of the second foam-ed composition to the textile. Such collapsing of the first ap-plied foam may occur upon application such as when using rotary screen printers and the like.
Finishing agent-containing compositions for utilization in the present invention are known in the art and typically com-prise a finishing agent and an aqueous or organic liquid carrier medium along with other known, optional ingredients.
For the case where the finishing agent-containing com-position is applied as a foam, the preparation and formulation of such foamed compositions is described in the commonly-assigned U.S. Patent No. 4,118,526 of Gregorian and Namboodri. These foamed compositions are prepared by foaming a mixture comprised of finishing agent, liquid medium and a foaming agent (foam sta-bilizer) to a blow ratio of from about 2:1 to about 20:1 to re-sult in a foamed composition having a foam density in the range of from about Q.5 gm/cc to about 0.05 gm/cc.
The various finishing agents which may be utilized in the treatment of textiles according to the present invention in-clude coloring agents, dyes, pigments, durable press agents, soil release agents, weighting agents, flame retardants, water repel-lents, softeners, and the like. Foamable, liquid compositions containing such finishing agents, and methods of ~reparing foams therefrom, are extensively described in detail in the above-men-tioned application Serial No. 584,389.
In specific embodiments of the present invention, the application of the first finishing agent-containing composition may comprise printing the textile with a pre-selected pattern in 3L3Z~
1 I accordance with known procedures, e.g., by use of an intaglio 2 ¦I printing cylinder or a rotary screen printer. The first 3 i composition may be a conventional liquid printing composition, 4 la foamed printing composition or a powdered composition. After application, a foamed composition, with another finishing 6 agent, is applied to the textile prior to fixation of the 7 I!first applied finishing agent to the printed textile.
8 l The process of the present invention will typically 9 libe utilized for the serial application of two or more differ-~0 ¦i ing types of finishing agents to a textile, e.g., a colorant 11 ¦ and a water-repellent or a colorant and a durable press 12 i~ agent, although numerous other combinations exist.
13 ¦~ As utilized herein, textile material is intended to 14 j? include, without limitation, fabrics made from threads, yarns, 15 j; woven or knitted goods, resin bonded mats of fibers, and the 16 I like.
17 ¦ According to this invention, the second, serially 1~ I applied fabric finishing agent is applied to the textile in the 19 ¦ form of a foam while the textile still contains a first finish-20 I ing agent-containing composition (either foam, liquid or 21 I powder). Thus, as utilized hereln, applicatlon of the second 22 ¦ composition without prior fixation of the textile is intended 23 to describe and embrace processes wherein the textile has not 24 been fully dried after application of the first composition.
Hsnce, it is possible according to this invention that varying 26 degrees of liquid removal, short of complete or near-complete 27 drying, from the textile can te performed before application of 2B the second, foamed compositlon, although the economic advantages 29 of the present invention nscessarily decrease ln proportion to 3 ¦ the degree of such an intermediate liquid removal step.
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1 ~IMoreover, a certain degree of liquid removal fro~ the textile 2 ~Imay occur si~ply as a result of normal processing prior to 3 ¦~application of the second, foamed composition. For example, 4 i¦some liquid may be removed by virtue of passage of the textile through conventional squeeze rolls prior to passing to the 6 second serial application step. In the case of foam printing, 7 ¦the generally preferred manner of collapsing the foam is 8 11 accomplished by the printing screen or print roller at the 9 ¦¦instant the foam is applied to the fabric.
0 1¦ In general, the textile to which the second finish-~ ing agent composition is applied will have about 10 to 65%
12 ¦!liquid, by weight, associated therewith.
13 ll BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
14 ! FIG. 1 is as schematic representation of an embodi-i; ¦ ment depicting the process of the present invention wherein 16 the first liquid and finishing agent-containing composition 17 ¦is applied as a solution or dispersion.
18 ~ FIG. 2 is a schemàtic representation of an embodi-19 ment of the present invention wherein the first finishing agent-containing composition is applied in the form of a 21 ¦ foam.
23 The present lnvention is more fully described with 24 reference to the description of the drawings and the Examples which follow.
26 With reference to FIG. 1, a roll of fabric 10, travel-27 ling in the directlon indicated by the-arrow, is passed by 28 suitable conveying means to a bath 12 containing a pre-prepared 29 liquid, e.g., aqueous or organic liquid, solution or dispersion 3o containing an appropriate finishing agent, e.g., a dye material . . ~
~ 2t76%
l ¦Ito color the fabric. The dyed fabric is then passed through 2 ljsqueeze or compression rollers 14 and 16 which serve to remove 3 Ijsome of the liquid contained in the fabric by virtue of its 4 l~passage through the solution or dispersion. Without any further liquid removal, i.e., before complete drying, the dyed 6 fabric is cGated with a foamed finishing agent composition.
7 ¦I Thus, a foamable liquid compositior comprised of liquid, 8 I foaming agent and finishing agent, e.g. a durable press agent, 9 jlis formed into a foam in foamer 18. Foamer 18 may be any type 10 ¦,foaming device conventionally utilized in the art, e.g., Oakes, ll ~IGodwin card, Kitchenaid, etc.
12 ii The foamed composition is transferred through line 22 13 11 by pump 20 to knife 24. At this point the foamed composition 14 ll is coated onto the dyed fabric to produce a coated fabric 26.
15 ilThe coated fabric 26 then goes through nip rollers 28 and 30 to 16 ~;compress and collapse the foam and achieve penetration of il 17 !I finishing agent into the fabric. Such foam collapse may also 18 il be achieved by the application of vacuum, or a combination of l9 I~vacuum and padding. Thereafter, the impregnated fabric is 20 !!conveyed through a fixation means 32 which may be any of 21 1I those conventionally known in the art. The fixed fabric is 22 ll then wound on to take-up roll 34.
3 I An alternative embodiment of the process of the present 24 invention is shown in FIG. 2. A roll of fabric 40, travelling 2~ in the direction of the arrow by suitable conveying means, is 26 coated with a first foamed fabric finishing agent composition 27 ~ISuch a foamed composition is prepared by foaming a suitable 28 !Icomposition, e.g., a dye-containing foamable composition, in 29 ¦¦ foamer 42. The foamed composition is pumped by pump 44 through 3o l line 46 to a rotary printing screen 48 at which a predetermined 3,f2'7~
pattern is applied to the fabrlc. As men-tioned previously, with such a printing screen, the foam is caused to collapse upon appli-cation. If a procedure is employed in which the foam is not col-lapsed upon application, the so-coated fabric 50 is then passed over vacuum or padding device 56 or a combination of the two which serves to collapse the foam but which does not effect liquid re-moval from the fabric.
The so-treated fabric 66 is then coated with a second foamed finishing agent composition, formed by ~oaming a suitable composition, e.g., a durable press-containing foamable composi-tion, in foamer 58. The second foamed composition is transferred by pump 60 through line 62 to knife 64 where it is coated on the fabric. The so-coated fabric 68 then passes through nip rollers 70 and 72 to collapse the foam and deeply penetrate the finishing agent into the fabric. The fabric is then conveyed to a fixation means 74 and wound on take-up roll 76.
In the foregoing embodiments, the foamed finishing agent composition may also be applied by spraying or blowing it through '~
a nozzle onto the fabric.
The following Examples illustrate various specific features of the process of the present invention.
EXP~IPLE I
A foamable pigment composition containing 70.86~ water, 2.07~ ammonium stearate, 0.78% lauryl alcohol, 4.29~ Acrysol ASE-60 (a trademark for an acrylic polymer emulsion having 28~ solids (Rohm & Haas Co.)), 2% Valmel-45 (a trademark for a methylolated melamine), 10% Valbond-6063 (a trademark for an acrylic copolymer emulsion) and lO~ Questral Blue 3G (a trademar]c for phthalocyanine pigment) was foamed to a 3:l blow ratio and printed through a 50 mesh rotary screen on 100% cotton print cloth and 50/50 polyester/
cotton blend sheeting samples. The printing foam was collapsed by the action of the screen upon application of the ~oam to the fabric.
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3~762 A foamable durable press resin composition was prepared containing 52.10% water, 0.62% Methocel J-75MS (a trademark for an etherified hydroxyethyl cellulose), 1.37% Unamide N-72-3 (a trademark for a coconut alkanolamide from Lonza Chern. Co.), 36.16 Valre~-248 (a trademark for a modified glyoxal resin) and 9.8%
Valcat No. 7 (a trademark for a magnesium chloride catalyst). This composition was foamed to a blow ratio of 9:1 and knife coated to a thickness of 6 mils on the wet printed samples previously pre-pared as described above. The fabric samples were then vacuumed, dried and cured at 350 F.
The definition of the prints was excellent and the fab-rics possessed durable press properties tested aEter repeated laundering.
As a control, a sample of the previously described foam printed 100% cotton was passed through a conventional finishing bath of Valrez-248 (a trademark) and Valcat No. 7 (a trademark) and nipped through a vertical pad. The fabric was dried and cured as before.
The print exhibited severe flushing and loss of defini-tion so as to make the fabric commercially unacceptable. Therewas also some transfer of color to the pad bath.
EXA~IPLE II
.
The foamable durable press resin composition described in Example 1 was foamed to a blow ratio of 8:1 and knife coated to a thickness of 6 mils onto 100~ cotton and 50/50 polyester/cot-ton blend fabrics. The fabrics were vacuumed and, while wet, were printed utilizing the foamed pigment composition and condi-tions described in Example I.
Good print definitions and durable press properties were obtained.
~3Z~2 EXAMPLE III
-A foamable composition containing 2% Resolin Blue FBL
(a trademarkl (disperse), 1% Procion Blue HA (a trademark) (reac-tive), 1% sodium bicarbonate and 96% of a foamable composition containing 97.75~ water, 0.75% QP-52000 (a trademark for hydroxy-ethyl cellulose ~hickener from Unlon Carbide) and 1.5% Unamide N-72-3 (a trademark) was prepared and foamed to a blow ratio of 10:1.
A second durable press resin composition containing 10 50.75% water, 0.75% QP-52000 (a trademark), 35% Valrez-248 (a trademark), 3% Valsof PE-l9 (a trademark for a polyethylene emul-sion), 1% Unamide N-72-3 (a trademark) and 9.56 Valcat No. 7 (a trademark) was also foamed to a blow ratio of 10:1.
On a 65/3S polyester/cotton blend fabric, the dye foam was coated to a thickness of 20 mils and the coated fabric pulled over a vacuum (wet pick-up 45%). On the dye-applied wet fabric, the durable press foam composition was knife coated to a thick-ness of 25 mils. The fabric was then vacuumed (total wet pick-up 62~), and dried and cured at 350F for 3 minutes.
The fabric contained good durable press properties and was uniformly dyed.
A sample of the wet foam dyed fabric was also passed through a conventional finishing bath consisting of Valrez-248, Valsof PE-l9 and Valcat No. 7 (trademarks) in the same ratio as the foam finishing composition but at an 8~ solids concentration~
There was significant bleeding of color into the pad bath causing the fabric to be off-shade.
EXAMPLE IV
A sample of 65/35 polyester/cotton blend was dyed, using the beck dyeing procedure, wlth 1~ Sirius Supra Blue BRL (a trade-mark) (direct dye) and 2% Resolin Blue FBL (a trademark) (disperse) based on the weight of the fabric. After the dyeing cycle, the ~276~
fabric was rinsed, padded and vacuumed.
The durable press resin composition of Example III was foamed to a blow ratio o~ lO:l and coated to a thickness of 25 mils onto the wet beck-dyed fabric. The fabric was then padded at 35 p.s.i.g., dried at 220F and cured at 330F for 3 minutes.
The fabric possessed durable press properties and was uniformly dyed.
As a control, a sample of the wet dyed fabric was passed through a conventional finishing bath of the composition described in Example III. Again there was bleeding of the color from the fabric into the pad bath.
EX~IPLE V
A foamable disperse dye composition containing 2% Reso-lin Brill (a trademark). Yellow 7 GL (a trademark) in 98% of a composition containing 0.75% QP-52000 (a trademark), 1.5% Unamide N-72-3 ( a trademark) and 97.75% water (adjusted to a pH of 5.5 with acetic acid) was prepared and foamed to a blow ratio of 8:1.
This foamed composition was then knife coated to a thickness of 35 mils on a polyester double knit fabric. The fabric was then passed over a vacuum slot.
A second foarnable composition containing 2~ Resolin Red FB (a trademark) (Disperse Red-60) in 98% of a composition contain-; ing 0.75% QP-52000 (a trademark)j 1.5% Unamide N-72-3 (a trade-mark), and 97.75~ water (adjusted to pH 5.5) is foamed to a blow ratio of 3:1 and over printed through a 50 mesh rotary screen printer on the wet foam-dye applied polyester knit. The knit fab-ric is then dried and thermosoled at 350F for color fixation to produce special over printing effects.
EXA~IPLE VI
A foamable composition containing 4 parts Rapidogen Red KB (a trademark), l part caustic (50% soln.) and 95 parts of an alkaline foamable composition containing 3.5% 309-70 acrylic, 90,5%
.
water, 0.56 ammonia and 5.5% 309-59 ammonium stearate (20% soln.) was foamed to a blow ratio of 8:1 and knife coated to a thickness of 25 mils on a cotton sheeting sample. The coated sample was then padded at 30 p.s.i.g. (wet pick~up 40%). A second sample was foam printed through a 50 mesh rotary screen printer with the same foam.
An acid color developing foam was prepared by dissolving 2 parts acetic acid and 2 parts formic acid in 96 parts of a foam-able composition containing 1.5 parts Unamide 1~-72-3 (a trademark), 0.75 parts QP-52000 (a trademark) and 97.75 parts wa~er, and foam-ing to a 10:1 blow ratio. This foamed composition was coated to a thickness of 25 mils onto each of the above-referred to wet samples. The samples were then vacuumed from the back to collapse the foam and then steamed at 210F to remove acid vapor and water.
The color was developed and demonstrated good fixation. The print-ed fabric had excellent definition.
When the printed wet samples were deveioped by conven-tional padding through a formic/acetic acid mixture, there was color bleeding and the resulting prints had flushing, A foamable prewetting composition containing 0.5 parts Valdet-4016 (a trademark) and 94.5 parts water was prepared. The composition was foamed to a 10:1 blow ratio and 25 mils of foam was coated on a cotton velour upholstery material and padded. On the prewetted material direct dye foam was applied as follows:
A dye composition containing 1 part direct dye-Sirius Supra Blue 2RL (a trademark~ and 99 parts of a mix containing 3.5%
Valthick-70 (a trademark), 0.5% aqua ammonia, 90.5% water and 5.5 Am. stearate (20~) was foamed to 6:1 blow ratio. Then 50 miIs of the foam was coated wet-on-wet on the foam prewetted sample and the so treated sample was vacuumed and padded. The sample was then steamed for 7 minutes at 210 F and dried at 220 F.
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Uniform dyeings were ob-tained on the cotton fabric hav-ing good color fastness.
EXAMPLE VIII
A 10o solution of Procion Red MX 5B (a trademark) reac-tive dye in water was prepared. The dye solution was applied to a cotton carpet pile in a random pattern.
An alkaline composition containing 2 parts sodium hy-droxide (50% soln.) and 98 parts of a mix containing 3.5% Valthick-70 (a trademark for an acrylic acid polymer emulsion), 0.5% ammon-ia, 90.5% water and 5.5% Am. stearate (20%) was prepared. This composition was foamed to a 6:1 blow ratio and 50 mils of foam was knife coated on the aforementioned carpet pile having reactive dye applied. The carpet was vacuumed from the back side and padd-ed. Then for reactive dye fixation, the sample was wet stored for 4 hrs. and dried at 220F. The randomly applied color had good penetration inside pile.
EXAMPLE IX
A foamable composition consisting of 3.5 parts of Val-thick-70 (a trademark for an acrylic acid emulsion polymer), 0.5 `
parts of aqua ammonia,5.5 parts of a 20% solution of ammonium stearate and 90.5 parts of water was prepared.
To 95 parts of this foamable composition was added 3 parts Naphthol AS (a trademark) (C.I. Azoic Coupling component 2) and 2 parts of 50% sodium hydroxide. This mixture~was~mechanically foamed to an 8:1 blow ratio and knife coated onto cotton print cloth to a thickness of 10 mils the fabric was then padded at 30 psi.
~ A second foamable composition~consisting of 1.5 parts of Valdet CC (a trademark for a fatty acid diethanolamide~manu-factured by Valchem) 0.75 parts of Cellosize QP-52000 (a trademark for a hydroxyethyl cellulose manu~factured by Union Carbide) and 97.75 parts of water was prepared.
'~ . .,."1 7~
To 90 parts of this second foamable composition was added 8 parts of Fast Scarlet 2G salt (a trademark) (C.I. Azoic Diazo Component 3) and 2 parts of acetic acid. The composition was mechanically foamed to an 8:1 blow ratio and a 10 mil coating was applied to the wet fabric samples previously coated with the first compositlon, The sample was padded at 30 psi~ and exposed to air for 3 minutes.
The fabric was then dried. The dried fabric was soaped to remove the uncoupled components. Good color development was achieved.
EXAMPLE X
A first foamable composition consisting of 3.5 parts of Acrysol ASE-60 (a trademark for an acrylic acid emulsion polymer manufactured by Rohm and Haas), 0.5 parts of aqua ammonia, 5.8 parts of a 20% solution of ammonium stearate and 90.2 parts of water was prepared.
To 100 parts of the foamable composition was added 6 parts of Sodyesul Liquid Blue 4BGCF (a trademark) (C.I. Leuco Sulfur Blue 13) and 6 parts of Sodified B (a trademark for a solu-tion of sodium sulfide manufactured by Southern Dyestuff Company)and 3 parts of soda ash.
~ he composition was mechanically foamed to a 6:1 blow ratio. Fifty mils of the foamed composition was then knife coated onto a cotton corduroy fabric. The coated fabric was passed over a vacuum slot and then padded at 30 psi.
A second fabric sample was coated with 25 mils of the foamed composition and padded only.
Both samples were steamed at 210 F for 5 minutes.
A foamable oxidizing composition consisting of 1 part of Valdet CC (a trademark), 1 part of acetic acid, 1 part of 35%
hydrogen peroxide solution and 97 parts of water was prepared.
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This composi-tion was foamed -to a lO:l blow ratio and 200 rnils of the foam was knife coated onto the previously wet steamed samples. The thus coated fabric samples were passed over a vacuum slot to draw the foarn into the fabric. The dye was oxi-dized.
The sarnples were then dried. The sulfur dyed cotton corduroys possessed level dyeiny and good color fastness properties.
EXAMPLE XI
A foamable vat pigment composition consisting of 96 parts of thefirst foamable composition described in Example X and 4 parts of Vat Yellow 4 paste (a trademark of Ciba Geigy) was pre-pared.
The cornposition was foamed to an 8:1 blow ratio and then knife coated to a thickness of 25 mils onto cotton sheeting.
The coated fabric was then padded and dried.
A second foamable reducing composition was prepared from 5 parts of 50~ sodium hydroxide solution, 3 parts of sodium hydrosulfite, 2 parts of Valdet CC (a trademark~ and 90 parts of water. This composition was then mechanically foamed to an 8:1 blow ratio and a lO0 mil coating applied to the previous vat pig ment coated fabric. The fabric was then passed over a vacuum slot and steamed at 210F for 5 minutes for reduction of vat pigment.
The wet steamed fabric was then oxidized to develop '- ' , .
~32~7~2 1 and fix the color by applying the foamed oxidizing composition 2 previou~ly described in Example X. The fabric was then dried.
A vel dyeing with good fastness propertie~ was obtained.
~2 18`~ .
27 .
'~ ~
~ Conventionally, the treating of textile materials with 6 !finishing agents, e.g., coloring agents or dyes, resins, soft-7 ¦eners, flame retardant agents, soil release agents and the like 8 1 involves a procedure wherein the finishing agent is either dis-9 jisolved or dispersed in a suitable liquid medium carrier such ~0 ¦¦as an aqueous or organic liquid, and then applied to the 11 i,textile, such as by passing the textile through a bath or vat 12 licontaining the solution or dispersion. Thereafter, the carrier 13 11 is removed from the fabric, usually by evaporation with or 1~ ¦,without heat. Since only a small amount of the finishing agent is needed to achieve the desired effect, a relatively large 16 i amount of carrier (water) is used to assure uniform distribu- `
17 I!tion of the finishing agent. This results in relatively large 18 l'~amounts of liquid medium which must be removed from the fabric.
19 ¦¦Consequently, a substantial amount of the cost incurred in such 20 1! processes resides in the liquid medium removal step.
21 ! For many textiles it is desired to apply more than one 22 ¦,finishing agent thereto. For example, it may be desirable to 23 first dye the textile and then apply a durable press agent or 24 to apply both durable press and soil release agents to the textile. Since relatively few of such combinations of finishing 2~ agents can be applied together from the same medium7 such 27 ll multiple agents are typically applied to the textile in a 28 I serial manner. Thus, for example, a coloring agent is first 29 !1 applied to the textile; the textile is then dried; and the 3o l colored textile then treated with a further fabric finishing ' ~ ' ?
76~ j !j i 1 ~lagent in a conventional manner and then re-dried.
2 1 In the foregoing process, the disadvantages earlier - 3 ¦ described as being associated with the conventional utilization 4 ¦of large quantities of liquid medium in the application of Ifinishing agents are necessarily multiplied. In an effort to 6 ¦avoid the difficulties involved with large amounts of liquid 7 jand the high cost of liquid removal processes, it has been 8 lattempted to conduct the serial application of finishing agents g llto a textile without intermediate drying of the textile after lo lleach application. However, this manner of operation itself 11 Iileads to serious problems. Thus, when the wet~textile to which 12 ¦¦ a first finishing agent solution or dispersion has been applied 13 ¦¦is brought into contact with a second liquid finishing agent 14 ¦!composition, e.g., when the wet textile is passed through a 15 1i bath thereof, the liquid associated with the textile from the 16 Ijfirst application serves to dilute or otherwise alter the 17 jcomposition of the second finishing agent solution or dispèrsion.
18 It is thereby nearly impossible to accurately control the 19 ¦application of specified quantities of the second finishing 20 ¦ agent to the textile, even with the utilization of complicated 21 jmeasuring devices and bath replenishment techniques.
22 I SUMMARY OF THE_INVENTION I
23 It is accordingly an object of the present invention 24 to provide a process for treating a textile with more than one finishing agent.
26 A further object of the present invention is to provide 27 a serial process for treating~a textile with at least one 2~ 1¦ finishing agent which does not require intermediate fixation of 29 the textile prior to application of a foam composition thereover.
3o ~ A till fur~her object of the present invention is to .
li l ~:13Z7~
,, I' , 1 I,provide a process of the type mentioned which does not present 2 lidifficulties in the control of the amounts of finishing agent 3 ¦l applied to the textile.
4 ¦ These and other objects are achieved by the provision jof a process wherein a textile is first treated with a finishing 6 ¦agent-containing composition and, prior to any significant dry-7 ¦! ing or fixation (i.e., complete removal of all liquid therefrom), 8 Ijis thereafter treated with a second covering composition which 9 l¦is applied in the form of a foam. The textile is then treated L0 ¦Ito collapse the foamed composition and effect uniform penetra- ¦
11 iition of the finishing agent into the fabric, if desired.
12 ii ` The treatment of textiles in accordance with the 13 ¦ present invention has the advantage of eliminating costly liquid 14 llremoval procedures between application of finishing agents.
15 ~ oreover, it has been found that application of the second 16 ¦ finishing agent in the subsequently applied foamed composition 17 ¦! avoids the earlier-referred to dilution effect arising from 18 ! conventional application of the second finishing agent in a lg lliquid solution or suspension slnce significantly less liquid Iper se is required when such compositions are applied as ~oams, 21 ¦and since the foam can be applied without the need for passing 22 ¦ the textile through a bath or vat containing the liquid finishing I
23 lagent composition. ~¦
24 In accordance with the present invention, the applica-25 ~tion of the first finishing agent-containing composition to the 26 ,textile can be accomplished in accordance with conventional 27 I techniques, e.g., by continuously`passing the te~tile through a 28 Ibath or vat containing the liquid composition. However, accord-29 ¦ ing to a preferred embodiment of this invention, the first finishing agent composition may be applied in the form of a ~3~
'.,. I
.
L32~
foam. In this method of operation, this first foam applied to the textile is collapsed, prior to application of the second foam-ed composition to the textile. Such collapsing of the first ap-plied foam may occur upon application such as when using rotary screen printers and the like.
Finishing agent-containing compositions for utilization in the present invention are known in the art and typically com-prise a finishing agent and an aqueous or organic liquid carrier medium along with other known, optional ingredients.
For the case where the finishing agent-containing com-position is applied as a foam, the preparation and formulation of such foamed compositions is described in the commonly-assigned U.S. Patent No. 4,118,526 of Gregorian and Namboodri. These foamed compositions are prepared by foaming a mixture comprised of finishing agent, liquid medium and a foaming agent (foam sta-bilizer) to a blow ratio of from about 2:1 to about 20:1 to re-sult in a foamed composition having a foam density in the range of from about Q.5 gm/cc to about 0.05 gm/cc.
The various finishing agents which may be utilized in the treatment of textiles according to the present invention in-clude coloring agents, dyes, pigments, durable press agents, soil release agents, weighting agents, flame retardants, water repel-lents, softeners, and the like. Foamable, liquid compositions containing such finishing agents, and methods of ~reparing foams therefrom, are extensively described in detail in the above-men-tioned application Serial No. 584,389.
In specific embodiments of the present invention, the application of the first finishing agent-containing composition may comprise printing the textile with a pre-selected pattern in 3L3Z~
1 I accordance with known procedures, e.g., by use of an intaglio 2 ¦I printing cylinder or a rotary screen printer. The first 3 i composition may be a conventional liquid printing composition, 4 la foamed printing composition or a powdered composition. After application, a foamed composition, with another finishing 6 agent, is applied to the textile prior to fixation of the 7 I!first applied finishing agent to the printed textile.
8 l The process of the present invention will typically 9 libe utilized for the serial application of two or more differ-~0 ¦i ing types of finishing agents to a textile, e.g., a colorant 11 ¦ and a water-repellent or a colorant and a durable press 12 i~ agent, although numerous other combinations exist.
13 ¦~ As utilized herein, textile material is intended to 14 j? include, without limitation, fabrics made from threads, yarns, 15 j; woven or knitted goods, resin bonded mats of fibers, and the 16 I like.
17 ¦ According to this invention, the second, serially 1~ I applied fabric finishing agent is applied to the textile in the 19 ¦ form of a foam while the textile still contains a first finish-20 I ing agent-containing composition (either foam, liquid or 21 I powder). Thus, as utilized hereln, applicatlon of the second 22 ¦ composition without prior fixation of the textile is intended 23 to describe and embrace processes wherein the textile has not 24 been fully dried after application of the first composition.
Hsnce, it is possible according to this invention that varying 26 degrees of liquid removal, short of complete or near-complete 27 drying, from the textile can te performed before application of 2B the second, foamed compositlon, although the economic advantages 29 of the present invention nscessarily decrease ln proportion to 3 ¦ the degree of such an intermediate liquid removal step.
. I
!
,, , ~32~6z 1. !
1 ~IMoreover, a certain degree of liquid removal fro~ the textile 2 ~Imay occur si~ply as a result of normal processing prior to 3 ¦~application of the second, foamed composition. For example, 4 i¦some liquid may be removed by virtue of passage of the textile through conventional squeeze rolls prior to passing to the 6 second serial application step. In the case of foam printing, 7 ¦the generally preferred manner of collapsing the foam is 8 11 accomplished by the printing screen or print roller at the 9 ¦¦instant the foam is applied to the fabric.
0 1¦ In general, the textile to which the second finish-~ ing agent composition is applied will have about 10 to 65%
12 ¦!liquid, by weight, associated therewith.
13 ll BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
14 ! FIG. 1 is as schematic representation of an embodi-i; ¦ ment depicting the process of the present invention wherein 16 the first liquid and finishing agent-containing composition 17 ¦is applied as a solution or dispersion.
18 ~ FIG. 2 is a schemàtic representation of an embodi-19 ment of the present invention wherein the first finishing agent-containing composition is applied in the form of a 21 ¦ foam.
23 The present lnvention is more fully described with 24 reference to the description of the drawings and the Examples which follow.
26 With reference to FIG. 1, a roll of fabric 10, travel-27 ling in the directlon indicated by the-arrow, is passed by 28 suitable conveying means to a bath 12 containing a pre-prepared 29 liquid, e.g., aqueous or organic liquid, solution or dispersion 3o containing an appropriate finishing agent, e.g., a dye material . . ~
~ 2t76%
l ¦Ito color the fabric. The dyed fabric is then passed through 2 ljsqueeze or compression rollers 14 and 16 which serve to remove 3 Ijsome of the liquid contained in the fabric by virtue of its 4 l~passage through the solution or dispersion. Without any further liquid removal, i.e., before complete drying, the dyed 6 fabric is cGated with a foamed finishing agent composition.
7 ¦I Thus, a foamable liquid compositior comprised of liquid, 8 I foaming agent and finishing agent, e.g. a durable press agent, 9 jlis formed into a foam in foamer 18. Foamer 18 may be any type 10 ¦,foaming device conventionally utilized in the art, e.g., Oakes, ll ~IGodwin card, Kitchenaid, etc.
12 ii The foamed composition is transferred through line 22 13 11 by pump 20 to knife 24. At this point the foamed composition 14 ll is coated onto the dyed fabric to produce a coated fabric 26.
15 ilThe coated fabric 26 then goes through nip rollers 28 and 30 to 16 ~;compress and collapse the foam and achieve penetration of il 17 !I finishing agent into the fabric. Such foam collapse may also 18 il be achieved by the application of vacuum, or a combination of l9 I~vacuum and padding. Thereafter, the impregnated fabric is 20 !!conveyed through a fixation means 32 which may be any of 21 1I those conventionally known in the art. The fixed fabric is 22 ll then wound on to take-up roll 34.
3 I An alternative embodiment of the process of the present 24 invention is shown in FIG. 2. A roll of fabric 40, travelling 2~ in the direction of the arrow by suitable conveying means, is 26 coated with a first foamed fabric finishing agent composition 27 ~ISuch a foamed composition is prepared by foaming a suitable 28 !Icomposition, e.g., a dye-containing foamable composition, in 29 ¦¦ foamer 42. The foamed composition is pumped by pump 44 through 3o l line 46 to a rotary printing screen 48 at which a predetermined 3,f2'7~
pattern is applied to the fabrlc. As men-tioned previously, with such a printing screen, the foam is caused to collapse upon appli-cation. If a procedure is employed in which the foam is not col-lapsed upon application, the so-coated fabric 50 is then passed over vacuum or padding device 56 or a combination of the two which serves to collapse the foam but which does not effect liquid re-moval from the fabric.
The so-treated fabric 66 is then coated with a second foamed finishing agent composition, formed by ~oaming a suitable composition, e.g., a durable press-containing foamable composi-tion, in foamer 58. The second foamed composition is transferred by pump 60 through line 62 to knife 64 where it is coated on the fabric. The so-coated fabric 68 then passes through nip rollers 70 and 72 to collapse the foam and deeply penetrate the finishing agent into the fabric. The fabric is then conveyed to a fixation means 74 and wound on take-up roll 76.
In the foregoing embodiments, the foamed finishing agent composition may also be applied by spraying or blowing it through '~
a nozzle onto the fabric.
The following Examples illustrate various specific features of the process of the present invention.
EXP~IPLE I
A foamable pigment composition containing 70.86~ water, 2.07~ ammonium stearate, 0.78% lauryl alcohol, 4.29~ Acrysol ASE-60 (a trademark for an acrylic polymer emulsion having 28~ solids (Rohm & Haas Co.)), 2% Valmel-45 (a trademark for a methylolated melamine), 10% Valbond-6063 (a trademark for an acrylic copolymer emulsion) and lO~ Questral Blue 3G (a trademar]c for phthalocyanine pigment) was foamed to a 3:l blow ratio and printed through a 50 mesh rotary screen on 100% cotton print cloth and 50/50 polyester/
cotton blend sheeting samples. The printing foam was collapsed by the action of the screen upon application of the ~oam to the fabric.
~, ., ,~
3~762 A foamable durable press resin composition was prepared containing 52.10% water, 0.62% Methocel J-75MS (a trademark for an etherified hydroxyethyl cellulose), 1.37% Unamide N-72-3 (a trademark for a coconut alkanolamide from Lonza Chern. Co.), 36.16 Valre~-248 (a trademark for a modified glyoxal resin) and 9.8%
Valcat No. 7 (a trademark for a magnesium chloride catalyst). This composition was foamed to a blow ratio of 9:1 and knife coated to a thickness of 6 mils on the wet printed samples previously pre-pared as described above. The fabric samples were then vacuumed, dried and cured at 350 F.
The definition of the prints was excellent and the fab-rics possessed durable press properties tested aEter repeated laundering.
As a control, a sample of the previously described foam printed 100% cotton was passed through a conventional finishing bath of Valrez-248 (a trademark) and Valcat No. 7 (a trademark) and nipped through a vertical pad. The fabric was dried and cured as before.
The print exhibited severe flushing and loss of defini-tion so as to make the fabric commercially unacceptable. Therewas also some transfer of color to the pad bath.
EXA~IPLE II
.
The foamable durable press resin composition described in Example 1 was foamed to a blow ratio of 8:1 and knife coated to a thickness of 6 mils onto 100~ cotton and 50/50 polyester/cot-ton blend fabrics. The fabrics were vacuumed and, while wet, were printed utilizing the foamed pigment composition and condi-tions described in Example I.
Good print definitions and durable press properties were obtained.
~3Z~2 EXAMPLE III
-A foamable composition containing 2% Resolin Blue FBL
(a trademarkl (disperse), 1% Procion Blue HA (a trademark) (reac-tive), 1% sodium bicarbonate and 96% of a foamable composition containing 97.75~ water, 0.75% QP-52000 (a trademark for hydroxy-ethyl cellulose ~hickener from Unlon Carbide) and 1.5% Unamide N-72-3 (a trademark) was prepared and foamed to a blow ratio of 10:1.
A second durable press resin composition containing 10 50.75% water, 0.75% QP-52000 (a trademark), 35% Valrez-248 (a trademark), 3% Valsof PE-l9 (a trademark for a polyethylene emul-sion), 1% Unamide N-72-3 (a trademark) and 9.56 Valcat No. 7 (a trademark) was also foamed to a blow ratio of 10:1.
On a 65/3S polyester/cotton blend fabric, the dye foam was coated to a thickness of 20 mils and the coated fabric pulled over a vacuum (wet pick-up 45%). On the dye-applied wet fabric, the durable press foam composition was knife coated to a thick-ness of 25 mils. The fabric was then vacuumed (total wet pick-up 62~), and dried and cured at 350F for 3 minutes.
The fabric contained good durable press properties and was uniformly dyed.
A sample of the wet foam dyed fabric was also passed through a conventional finishing bath consisting of Valrez-248, Valsof PE-l9 and Valcat No. 7 (trademarks) in the same ratio as the foam finishing composition but at an 8~ solids concentration~
There was significant bleeding of color into the pad bath causing the fabric to be off-shade.
EXAMPLE IV
A sample of 65/35 polyester/cotton blend was dyed, using the beck dyeing procedure, wlth 1~ Sirius Supra Blue BRL (a trade-mark) (direct dye) and 2% Resolin Blue FBL (a trademark) (disperse) based on the weight of the fabric. After the dyeing cycle, the ~276~
fabric was rinsed, padded and vacuumed.
The durable press resin composition of Example III was foamed to a blow ratio o~ lO:l and coated to a thickness of 25 mils onto the wet beck-dyed fabric. The fabric was then padded at 35 p.s.i.g., dried at 220F and cured at 330F for 3 minutes.
The fabric possessed durable press properties and was uniformly dyed.
As a control, a sample of the wet dyed fabric was passed through a conventional finishing bath of the composition described in Example III. Again there was bleeding of the color from the fabric into the pad bath.
EX~IPLE V
A foamable disperse dye composition containing 2% Reso-lin Brill (a trademark). Yellow 7 GL (a trademark) in 98% of a composition containing 0.75% QP-52000 (a trademark), 1.5% Unamide N-72-3 ( a trademark) and 97.75% water (adjusted to a pH of 5.5 with acetic acid) was prepared and foamed to a blow ratio of 8:1.
This foamed composition was then knife coated to a thickness of 35 mils on a polyester double knit fabric. The fabric was then passed over a vacuum slot.
A second foarnable composition containing 2~ Resolin Red FB (a trademark) (Disperse Red-60) in 98% of a composition contain-; ing 0.75% QP-52000 (a trademark)j 1.5% Unamide N-72-3 (a trade-mark), and 97.75~ water (adjusted to pH 5.5) is foamed to a blow ratio of 3:1 and over printed through a 50 mesh rotary screen printer on the wet foam-dye applied polyester knit. The knit fab-ric is then dried and thermosoled at 350F for color fixation to produce special over printing effects.
EXA~IPLE VI
A foamable composition containing 4 parts Rapidogen Red KB (a trademark), l part caustic (50% soln.) and 95 parts of an alkaline foamable composition containing 3.5% 309-70 acrylic, 90,5%
.
water, 0.56 ammonia and 5.5% 309-59 ammonium stearate (20% soln.) was foamed to a blow ratio of 8:1 and knife coated to a thickness of 25 mils on a cotton sheeting sample. The coated sample was then padded at 30 p.s.i.g. (wet pick~up 40%). A second sample was foam printed through a 50 mesh rotary screen printer with the same foam.
An acid color developing foam was prepared by dissolving 2 parts acetic acid and 2 parts formic acid in 96 parts of a foam-able composition containing 1.5 parts Unamide 1~-72-3 (a trademark), 0.75 parts QP-52000 (a trademark) and 97.75 parts wa~er, and foam-ing to a 10:1 blow ratio. This foamed composition was coated to a thickness of 25 mils onto each of the above-referred to wet samples. The samples were then vacuumed from the back to collapse the foam and then steamed at 210F to remove acid vapor and water.
The color was developed and demonstrated good fixation. The print-ed fabric had excellent definition.
When the printed wet samples were deveioped by conven-tional padding through a formic/acetic acid mixture, there was color bleeding and the resulting prints had flushing, A foamable prewetting composition containing 0.5 parts Valdet-4016 (a trademark) and 94.5 parts water was prepared. The composition was foamed to a 10:1 blow ratio and 25 mils of foam was coated on a cotton velour upholstery material and padded. On the prewetted material direct dye foam was applied as follows:
A dye composition containing 1 part direct dye-Sirius Supra Blue 2RL (a trademark~ and 99 parts of a mix containing 3.5%
Valthick-70 (a trademark), 0.5% aqua ammonia, 90.5% water and 5.5 Am. stearate (20~) was foamed to 6:1 blow ratio. Then 50 miIs of the foam was coated wet-on-wet on the foam prewetted sample and the so treated sample was vacuumed and padded. The sample was then steamed for 7 minutes at 210 F and dried at 220 F.
. -~ - . . ,, , , -.
3~L3~7~
Uniform dyeings were ob-tained on the cotton fabric hav-ing good color fastness.
EXAMPLE VIII
A 10o solution of Procion Red MX 5B (a trademark) reac-tive dye in water was prepared. The dye solution was applied to a cotton carpet pile in a random pattern.
An alkaline composition containing 2 parts sodium hy-droxide (50% soln.) and 98 parts of a mix containing 3.5% Valthick-70 (a trademark for an acrylic acid polymer emulsion), 0.5% ammon-ia, 90.5% water and 5.5% Am. stearate (20%) was prepared. This composition was foamed to a 6:1 blow ratio and 50 mils of foam was knife coated on the aforementioned carpet pile having reactive dye applied. The carpet was vacuumed from the back side and padd-ed. Then for reactive dye fixation, the sample was wet stored for 4 hrs. and dried at 220F. The randomly applied color had good penetration inside pile.
EXAMPLE IX
A foamable composition consisting of 3.5 parts of Val-thick-70 (a trademark for an acrylic acid emulsion polymer), 0.5 `
parts of aqua ammonia,5.5 parts of a 20% solution of ammonium stearate and 90.5 parts of water was prepared.
To 95 parts of this foamable composition was added 3 parts Naphthol AS (a trademark) (C.I. Azoic Coupling component 2) and 2 parts of 50% sodium hydroxide. This mixture~was~mechanically foamed to an 8:1 blow ratio and knife coated onto cotton print cloth to a thickness of 10 mils the fabric was then padded at 30 psi.
~ A second foamable composition~consisting of 1.5 parts of Valdet CC (a trademark for a fatty acid diethanolamide~manu-factured by Valchem) 0.75 parts of Cellosize QP-52000 (a trademark for a hydroxyethyl cellulose manu~factured by Union Carbide) and 97.75 parts of water was prepared.
'~ . .,."1 7~
To 90 parts of this second foamable composition was added 8 parts of Fast Scarlet 2G salt (a trademark) (C.I. Azoic Diazo Component 3) and 2 parts of acetic acid. The composition was mechanically foamed to an 8:1 blow ratio and a 10 mil coating was applied to the wet fabric samples previously coated with the first compositlon, The sample was padded at 30 psi~ and exposed to air for 3 minutes.
The fabric was then dried. The dried fabric was soaped to remove the uncoupled components. Good color development was achieved.
EXAMPLE X
A first foamable composition consisting of 3.5 parts of Acrysol ASE-60 (a trademark for an acrylic acid emulsion polymer manufactured by Rohm and Haas), 0.5 parts of aqua ammonia, 5.8 parts of a 20% solution of ammonium stearate and 90.2 parts of water was prepared.
To 100 parts of the foamable composition was added 6 parts of Sodyesul Liquid Blue 4BGCF (a trademark) (C.I. Leuco Sulfur Blue 13) and 6 parts of Sodified B (a trademark for a solu-tion of sodium sulfide manufactured by Southern Dyestuff Company)and 3 parts of soda ash.
~ he composition was mechanically foamed to a 6:1 blow ratio. Fifty mils of the foamed composition was then knife coated onto a cotton corduroy fabric. The coated fabric was passed over a vacuum slot and then padded at 30 psi.
A second fabric sample was coated with 25 mils of the foamed composition and padded only.
Both samples were steamed at 210 F for 5 minutes.
A foamable oxidizing composition consisting of 1 part of Valdet CC (a trademark), 1 part of acetic acid, 1 part of 35%
hydrogen peroxide solution and 97 parts of water was prepared.
-- 1~ --':
~ ~L3~7~
This composi-tion was foamed -to a lO:l blow ratio and 200 rnils of the foam was knife coated onto the previously wet steamed samples. The thus coated fabric samples were passed over a vacuum slot to draw the foarn into the fabric. The dye was oxi-dized.
The sarnples were then dried. The sulfur dyed cotton corduroys possessed level dyeiny and good color fastness properties.
EXAMPLE XI
A foamable vat pigment composition consisting of 96 parts of thefirst foamable composition described in Example X and 4 parts of Vat Yellow 4 paste (a trademark of Ciba Geigy) was pre-pared.
The cornposition was foamed to an 8:1 blow ratio and then knife coated to a thickness of 25 mils onto cotton sheeting.
The coated fabric was then padded and dried.
A second foamable reducing composition was prepared from 5 parts of 50~ sodium hydroxide solution, 3 parts of sodium hydrosulfite, 2 parts of Valdet CC (a trademark~ and 90 parts of water. This composition was then mechanically foamed to an 8:1 blow ratio and a lO0 mil coating applied to the previous vat pig ment coated fabric. The fabric was then passed over a vacuum slot and steamed at 210F for 5 minutes for reduction of vat pigment.
The wet steamed fabric was then oxidized to develop '- ' , .
~32~7~2 1 and fix the color by applying the foamed oxidizing composition 2 previou~ly described in Example X. The fabric was then dried.
A vel dyeing with good fastness propertie~ was obtained.
~2 18`~ .
27 .
'~ ~
Claims (17)
OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A process of treating textile materials which comprises the steps of:
a) applying a first finishing agent-containing composition to a textile material;
b) applying a second composition, in the form of a foam, to said textile material containing said first composi-tion prior to fixation of said first composition;
c) collapsing the subsequently applied foamed composition so as to force said first finishing agent contain-ing composition into said textile; and d) thereafter fixing said finishing agent to said textile material.
a) applying a first finishing agent-containing composition to a textile material;
b) applying a second composition, in the form of a foam, to said textile material containing said first composi-tion prior to fixation of said first composition;
c) collapsing the subsequently applied foamed composition so as to force said first finishing agent contain-ing composition into said textile; and d) thereafter fixing said finishing agent to said textile material.
2. The process according to claim 1 wherein said first finishing agent-containing composition is in a liquid form and is applied to the textile material in the form of a foam and wherein said foam is collapsed prior to application of said later applied second foam composition.
3. The process according to claim 1 wherein said finishing agent is selected from the group consisting of coloring materials, durable press agents, water repellent agents, soil release agents, softeners, weighting agents and fire retardant agents.
4. The process according to claim 3 wherein said finishing agent in said first composition comprises a coloring material.
5. The process according to claim 1 wherein said collapsing step causes the foamed composition to penetrate substantially the entire thickness of said textile material.
6. The process according to claim 2 wherein said second composition includes therein a finishing agent.
7. The process according to claim 2 wherein both said first and second compositions are foamed compositions applied to said textile material by knife-coating said compo-sitions onto said textile material.
8. The process according to claim 2 wherein applica-ion of said first finishing agent composition includes applying foamed composition including therein a coloring material to be applied onto the textile material in a pre-selected pattern.
9. The process according to claim 1 wherein applica-tion of said first finishing agent containing composition comprises applying a powdered finishing agent onto the textile material.
10. The process according to claim 2 wherein collapse of said second foam composition is achieved by application of a vacuum, padding or a combination of vacuum and padding.
11. The process according to claim 1 wherein said second foamed composition includes an aqueous finishing agent which is prepared by forming a mixture comprised of liquid medium, finishing agent and foaming agent, and foaming the mixture to a blow ratio in the range of from about 2:1 to about 20:1 to produce a foam having a foam density in the range of from about 0.5 gm/cc to about 0.05 gm/cc.
12. The process according to claim 1 wherein said first finishing agent is applied as a foamed printing compo-sition by means of a rotary screen printer or intaglio print-ing cylinder.
13. The process according to claim 1 wherein said first finishing agent is applied as a foamed printing compo-sition to a pile substrate.
14. A process for dyeing textile materials which com-prises the steps of:
a) preparing a foamed dye containing composition which includes a reactive material therein;
b) applying said foamed dye containing composi-tion to said textile material;
c) collapsing said foamed dye containing composi-tion;
d) preparing a second foamed composition contain-ing therein a material suitable to interact with said reactive material in said foamed dye containing composition;
e) applying said second foamed composition to said textile material containing said foamed dye containing composition prior to fixation thereof;
f) collapsing said second foamed composition so as to achieve penetration of said dye into said textile material;
g) allowing said reactive material in said foamed dye containing material to interact with the material in said second foamed composition; and h) thereafter drying and fixing the dye in said textile material.
a) preparing a foamed dye containing composition which includes a reactive material therein;
b) applying said foamed dye containing composi-tion to said textile material;
c) collapsing said foamed dye containing composi-tion;
d) preparing a second foamed composition contain-ing therein a material suitable to interact with said reactive material in said foamed dye containing composition;
e) applying said second foamed composition to said textile material containing said foamed dye containing composition prior to fixation thereof;
f) collapsing said second foamed composition so as to achieve penetration of said dye into said textile material;
g) allowing said reactive material in said foamed dye containing material to interact with the material in said second foamed composition; and h) thereafter drying and fixing the dye in said textile material.
15. The process according to claim 14 wherein said foamed dye containing includes a reactive dye material therein and is applied to a cellulosic fabric and said second foamed composition is alkaline so as to develop said reactive dye material.
16. A process for dyeing textile materials which com-prises the steps of:
a) preparing a dye containing composition which includes a reactive material therein;
b) applying said dye containing composition to said textile material;
c) preparing a foamed composition containing therein a material suitable to interact with said reactive material in said dye containing composition;
d) applying said foamed composition to said textile material containing said dye containing composition prior to fixation thereof;
e) collapsing said foamed composition so as to achieve penetration of said dye into said textile material;
f) allowing said reactive material in said dye containing material to interact with the material in said foamed composition; and g) thereafter drying and fixing the dye in said textile material.
a) preparing a dye containing composition which includes a reactive material therein;
b) applying said dye containing composition to said textile material;
c) preparing a foamed composition containing therein a material suitable to interact with said reactive material in said dye containing composition;
d) applying said foamed composition to said textile material containing said dye containing composition prior to fixation thereof;
e) collapsing said foamed composition so as to achieve penetration of said dye into said textile material;
f) allowing said reactive material in said dye containing material to interact with the material in said foamed composition; and g) thereafter drying and fixing the dye in said textile material.
17. The process according to claim 16 wherein said dye containing composition includes a reactive dye material therein and is applied to a cellulosic fabric and said foamed composition is alkaline so as to develop said reactive dye material.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US94382978A | 1978-09-19 | 1978-09-19 | |
| US943,829 | 1978-09-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1132762A true CA1132762A (en) | 1982-10-05 |
Family
ID=25480341
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA335,904A Expired CA1132762A (en) | 1978-09-19 | 1979-09-18 | Method of treating textile materials |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0009721B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS55500762A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU525522B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7905992A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1132762A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2051885B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE8003726L (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1980000545A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0030919B1 (en) * | 1979-12-14 | 1983-08-17 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Process for the improvement, especially dyeing, optical brightening or finishing of fibrous textile materials |
| DE3020668C2 (en) * | 1980-05-30 | 1984-03-08 | Küsters, Eduard, 4150 Krefeld | Method of treating a web with foam |
| EP0048348A1 (en) * | 1980-09-16 | 1982-03-31 | Ramisch Kleinewefers GmbH | Method and apparatus for the regular coating of sheet-like materials with liquids, liquors or pastes |
| FR2498214A1 (en) * | 1981-01-19 | 1982-07-23 | Protex Manuf Prod Chimiq | Applying foam contg. additives e.g. dyes on e.g. textile fabric - using rotary printing frame into which the foam is injected |
| ATE15240T1 (en) * | 1981-02-11 | 1985-09-15 | Ciba Geigy Ag | PROCESS FOR DYING OR FINISHING TEXTILE FIBER MATERIALS. |
| DE3301607A1 (en) * | 1983-01-19 | 1984-07-26 | Mathias 4815 Schloss Holte Mitter | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TREATING, PRINTING OR COLORING GOODS |
| DE3563547D1 (en) * | 1984-05-18 | 1988-08-04 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Process for dyeing or printing fabrics containing cellulose with vat dyes |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2971458A (en) * | 1957-12-30 | 1961-02-14 | Interchem Corp | Process of coloring textile materials |
| US3030232A (en) * | 1958-02-17 | 1962-04-17 | Morgenstern David | Surface decoration of sheet material |
| GB1134221A (en) * | 1965-01-29 | 1968-11-20 | Courtaulds Ltd | Improvements in and relating to the dyeing of pile fabrics |
| US3762860A (en) * | 1971-05-27 | 1973-10-02 | Dexter Chemical Corp | Foam dyeing process |
| US3990840A (en) * | 1972-03-24 | 1976-11-09 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Process and device for the dyeing and/or finishing of textile plane articles |
| US3969780A (en) * | 1972-05-04 | 1976-07-20 | Henderson James M | Continuous carpet dyeing process |
| US3954404A (en) * | 1972-06-22 | 1976-05-04 | Rca Corporation | Diphenyl continuous foam dyeing with fabric running over rolls in foam bath |
| AR205639A1 (en) * | 1974-04-03 | 1976-05-21 | Hoechst Ag | PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING STAINS AND STAMPINGS ON FIBROUS CELLULOSIC MATERIALS |
| US3932129A (en) * | 1974-07-17 | 1976-01-13 | Rick Anthony Porter | Space dyed yarn production using dense foams |
| CH1132075A4 (en) * | 1975-05-28 | 1977-02-15 | ||
| BE853697A (en) * | 1975-06-06 | 1977-08-16 | United Merchants & Mfg | FABRIC TREATMENT PROCESS |
| US4099913A (en) * | 1976-03-25 | 1978-07-11 | Union Carbide Corporation | Foams for treating fabrics |
| DE2722083B2 (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1980-10-02 | Union Carbide Corp., New York, N.Y. (V.St.A.) | Process for the continuous treatment of a porous fabric, textile or paper substrate by applying foamed agents |
-
1979
- 1979-09-18 JP JP50164279A patent/JPS55500762A/ja active Pending
- 1979-09-18 WO PCT/US1979/000759 patent/WO1980000545A1/en unknown
- 1979-09-18 CA CA335,904A patent/CA1132762A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-09-18 GB GB8015024A patent/GB2051885B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-09-19 EP EP19790103530 patent/EP0009721B1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-09-19 BR BR7905992A patent/BR7905992A/en unknown
- 1979-09-19 AU AU50970/79A patent/AU525522B2/en not_active Ceased
-
1980
- 1980-05-19 SE SE8003726A patent/SE8003726L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU525522B2 (en) | 1982-11-11 |
| EP0009721A1 (en) | 1980-04-16 |
| JPS55500762A (en) | 1980-10-09 |
| GB2051885A (en) | 1981-01-21 |
| SE8003726L (en) | 1980-05-19 |
| WO1980000545A1 (en) | 1980-04-03 |
| EP0009721B1 (en) | 1983-07-27 |
| GB2051885B (en) | 1982-10-20 |
| AU5097079A (en) | 1980-03-27 |
| BR7905992A (en) | 1980-06-03 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |