WO2024130581A1 - 改性护套料、护套料的制备方法及矿用卷筒电缆 - Google Patents

改性护套料、护套料的制备方法及矿用卷筒电缆 Download PDF

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WO2024130581A1
WO2024130581A1 PCT/CN2022/140600 CN2022140600W WO2024130581A1 WO 2024130581 A1 WO2024130581 A1 WO 2024130581A1 CN 2022140600 W CN2022140600 W CN 2022140600W WO 2024130581 A1 WO2024130581 A1 WO 2024130581A1
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parts
sheath
modified
sheath material
layer
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PCT/CN2022/140600
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English (en)
French (fr)
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田麒源
徐静
陈兴武
张宇鸥
孙前程
谢志滨
卢维娜
刘晶
Original Assignee
远东电缆有限公司
新远东电缆有限公司
远东复合技术有限公司
远东电缆(宜宾)有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/140600 priority Critical patent/WO2024130581A1/zh
Priority to CN202280006035.9A priority patent/CN116194527A/zh
Publication of WO2024130581A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024130581A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/04—Carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
    • C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L11/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of chloroprene
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/08—Flat or ribbon cables
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation

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  • the present application relates to the technical field of electric wires and cables, and in particular to a modified sheath material, a method for preparing the sheath material, and a mining reel cable.
  • thermosetting rubber sheathed cables are mainly divided into two categories: thermosetting rubber sheathed cables and thermoplastic polyurethane sheathed cables. Both have obvious advantages and disadvantages. Although the tear resistance and wear resistance of thermoplastic polyurethane sheath are far better than those of rubber sheath, its hardness is large and its bending ability is limited. It is easy to soften under high temperature exposure outdoors, affecting its use. Although the thermosetting rubber sheath has excellent bending performance and weather resistance, its physical properties such as tear resistance and wear resistance cannot meet the requirements of actual use conditions.
  • mining reel cables are exposed to high temperature exposure, low temperature, ground abrasion, bending and other working conditions for a long time, and the cable is prone to "shelling".
  • the maintenance time is long, causing direct production economic losses, which requires further optimization.
  • one purpose of the present application is to provide a modified sheath material and a method for preparing the sheath material, to optimize the cable sheath material, to solve the problem of sheath damage due to long-term scraping and abrasion during long-term use of the cable, and to ensure the normal service life of the cable.
  • Another object of the present application is to provide a mining reel cable, which improves the tensile strength of its sheath, ensures that the positions of each wire core are fixed during the long-term winding and movement of the cable, and avoids the shelling phenomenon.
  • the present application adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a modified sheath material comprising, by weight:
  • DuPont chloroprene rubber WM-1 110 parts; modified graphene oxide MAH-GO: 30 parts; zinc oxide: 6 parts; magnesium oxide: 3 parts; Na-22: 0.8 parts; accelerator: 1.0 parts; stearic acid: 1.0 parts; silane coupling agent KH-560: 1 part; talcum powder: 15 parts; calcium carbonate: 10 parts; plasticizer DOP: 10 parts; antioxidant ODA: 2 parts.
  • the present application adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a method for preparing a sheath material, based on the above-mentioned modified sheath material comprises the steps of:
  • Vulcanization zinc oxide, silane coupling agent KH-560, Na-22, and accelerator are added to the stationary rubber in sequence, and sulfur is added and mixed again.
  • the mixing temperature is controlled at 65°C to 70°C, and the mixing time is 3 minutes;
  • this application adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a mining drum cable comprises a main cable core, which comprises a power line core, a grounding line core and an optical fiber unit.
  • the three power line cores are regularly twisted, the optical fiber unit is inserted into the central gap of the three power line cores, and the three grounding line cores are distributed in the outer edge gaps of the three power line cores.
  • a sheath layer is extruded outside the main cable core, and the sheath layer adopts the above-mentioned modified sheath material.
  • the sheath layer comprises an inner sheath and an outer sheath
  • the modified sheath material is extruded and formed by a continuous vulcanization rubber extruder
  • a Kevlar fiber braided reinforcement layer is arranged between the inner sheath and the outer sheath.
  • the thickness of the inner sheath is 2.0 mm
  • the thickness of the outer sheath is 3.2 mm
  • the weaving density of the Kevlar fiber braided reinforcement layer is ⁇ 82%
  • the weaving angle is controlled at 39° to 50°
  • the weaving pitch is not less than 100 mm.
  • the power core comprises a tinned soft copper power core conductor, which is wrapped with a semi-conductive nylon tape, and a conductor shielding layer, an EPDM rubber insulation layer and an insulation shielding layer are sequentially extruded outside the semi-conductive nylon tape.
  • the thickness of the semi-conductive nylon tape is 0.12 mm
  • the overlap rate is ⁇ 15%
  • the conductor shielding layer, the EPDM rubber insulation layer and the insulation shielding layer are a three-layer co-extrusion structure
  • the nominal thickness of the conductor shielding layer is 0.7 mm
  • the nominal thickness of the EPDM rubber insulation layer is 4.5 mm
  • the nominal thickness of the insulation shielding layer is 0.7 mm.
  • the optical fiber unit comprises a single-mode or multi-mode anti-bending optical fiber, an aramid fiber reinforcement layer is braided outside the single-mode or multi-mode anti-bending optical fiber, and a high-temperature resistant fluoroplastic sheath is extruded outside the aramid fiber reinforcement layer.
  • the weaving density of the aramid fiber reinforcement layer is 30% to 40%, the weaving angle is controlled at 39° to 50°, the weaving pitch is not less than 50 mm, and the thickness of the high temperature resistant fluoroplastic sheath is 1 mm.
  • the grounding wire core comprises a tinned soft copper grounding wire core conductor, and a semi-conductive shielding layer is extruded outside the tinned soft copper grounding wire core conductor.
  • the beneficial effects of the present application are that the modified sheath material, the preparation method of the sheath material and the mining drum cable have the following advantages:
  • Modified graphene oxide (MAH-GO) is selected as a new type of high-performance filler to prepare high-strength, high-tear resistance and high-wear-resistant chloroprene rubber sheath material.
  • the modified graphene increases the bonding ability with the chloroprene rubber molecules, and the graphene hexagonal honeycomb structure can further improve the physical properties of the chloroprene rubber, solving the problem of sheath damage due to long-term scraping and abrasion during long-term use of the cable, meeting the harsh working conditions of the mine, and thus ensuring the normal service life of the cable;
  • a bending-resistant optical fiber unit is placed at the center of the cable to monitor the temperature change and path status inside the cable.
  • the optical fiber unit is reinforced with aramid yarn to ensure stable transmission of optical signals during the cable winding and movement.
  • Kevlar fiber braiding plus double-layer sheath makes the inner and outer sheaths bond more tightly, improves the tensile strength of the sheath, ensures that the position of each core is fixed during the long-term winding and movement of the cable, and avoids the shelling phenomenon.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mining drum cable provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the modification reaction mechanism of graphene oxide in the modified sheath material provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • 1-power line core 11-tinned soft copper power line core conductor; 12-semi-conductive nylon tape; 13-conductor shielding layer; 14-ethylene propylene rubber insulation layer; 15-insulation shielding layer;
  • 2-optical fiber unit 21-single-mode or multi-mode anti-bending optical fiber; 22-aramid fiber reinforcement layer; 23-high temperature resistant fluoroplastic sheath;
  • 3-grounding wire core 31-tinned soft copper grounding wire core conductor; 32-semi-conductive shielding layer;
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements.
  • a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may include the first feature being in direct contact with the second feature, or may include the first feature being in contact with the second feature through another feature between them instead of being in direct contact.
  • a first feature being “above”, “above” and “above” a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • a first feature being “below”, “below” and “below” a second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.
  • This preferred embodiment provides a modified sheath material, which includes the following components by mass:
  • DuPont neoprene WM-1 110 parts;
  • Zinc oxide 6 parts
  • Silane coupling agent KH-560 1 part;
  • Plasticizer DOP 10 parts
  • Antioxidant ODA 2 parts.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram of the chemical reaction mechanism of MAH grafted modified GO.
  • Modified graphene oxide (MAH-GO) was selected as a new type of high-performance filler to prepare high-strength, high-tear and high-wear-resistant chloroprene rubber sheath material.
  • This method of modifying graphene oxide can introduce larger anhydride groups into the GO surface and elongate the molecular chain, which further expands the interlayer spacing.
  • chloroprene rubber is modified with MAH-GO, the compatibility with chloroprene rubber and the bonding ability between the two phases will be increased. Therefore, the physical properties of chloroprene rubber such as wear resistance, tear strength and tensile strength are significantly improved.
  • MAH-GO is obtained by chemically modifying graphene, which increases the graphene layer spacing and the binding ability with chloroprene rubber molecules.
  • the graphene hexagonal "honeycomb structure" can also further improve the physical properties of chloroprene rubber.
  • the preparation method of the modified graphene oxide/chloroprene rubber sheath material comprises the following steps:
  • Vulcanization zinc oxide, silane coupling agent KH-560, Na-22, and accelerator are added to the stationary rubber in sequence, and sulfur is added and mixed again.
  • the mixing temperature is controlled at 65°C to 70°C, and the mixing time is 3 minutes;
  • the present embodiment also provides a mining drum cable, which includes a main cable core, the main cable core includes a power core 1, a grounding core 3 and an optical fiber unit 2.
  • the three power cores 1 are regularly twisted, the optical fiber unit 2 is inserted into the central gap of the three power cores 1, and the three grounding cores 3 are distributed in the outer edge gaps of the three power cores 1.
  • a sheath layer 4 is extruded outside the main cable core, and the sheath layer 4 adopts the above-mentioned modified sheath material.
  • the power core 1 comprises a tinned soft copper power core conductor 11, with a cross-sectional area of 95 mm2, 437 copper wires, a wire diameter of 0.505 mm, a strand bundle pitch ratio of not more than 20, and an outermost twisted pitch ratio of not more than 10 during re-twisting;
  • the tinned soft copper power core conductor 11 is wrapped with a semi-conductive nylon tape 12 with a thickness of 0.12 mm and an overlap rate of ⁇ 15%;
  • the semi-conductive nylon tape 12 is sequentially extruded with a conductor shielding layer 13, an EPDM rubber insulation layer 14 and an insulation shielding layer 15, preferably a three-layer co-extrusion structure, and the production equipment is a #150+90+60 continuous sulfur rubber extruder, the nominal thickness of the conductor shielding layer 13 is 0.7 mm, the nominal thickness of the EPDM rubber insulation layer 14 is 4.5 mm, and the nominal thickness of the insulation shielding layer 15 is 0.7 mm.
  • the optical fiber unit 2 includes a single-mode or multi-mode anti-bending optical fiber 21, which is braided with an aramid fiber reinforcement layer 22 on the outside. It is produced by a 24-spindle braiding machine, with each spindle having one twisted 400D fiber yarn, a braiding density of 30% to 40%, a braiding angle controlled at 39° to 50°, and a braiding pitch of not less than 50mm.
  • the aramid fiber reinforcement layer 22 is extruded with a high-temperature resistant fluoroplastic sheath 23 with a thickness of 1mm, so that the optical fiber unit 2 as a whole has excellent high-temperature resistance, tensile strength, and bending resistance, ensuring stable transmission of optical signals.
  • the grounding core 3 comprises a tinned soft copper grounding core conductor 31, with a cross-sectional area of 16 mm2, 119 copper wires, a wire diameter of 0.403 mm, a strand bundle pitch ratio of no more than 20, and an outermost layer twisted pitch ratio of no more than 10 during re-twisting; the tinned soft copper grounding core conductor 31 is extruded with a semi-conductive shielding layer 32, and the production equipment is a #90 continuous sulfur rubber extruder.
  • the sheath layer 4 comprises an inner sheath 41 and an outer sheath 43, which are respectively extruded by a continuous sulfur rubber extruder to form a modified sheath material.
  • the material has excellent physical properties: tensile strength ⁇ 16N/ mm2 , elongation at break ⁇ 500%, tear strength ⁇ 15N/mm, relative abrasion ⁇ 160mm3 , and excellent weather resistance and oil resistance, meeting the actual requirements of the mine working environment.
  • the thickness of the inner sheath 41 is 2.0 mm, and the thickness of the outer sheath 43 is 3.2 mm.
  • the production equipment is a #150 continuous vulcanization rubber extruder.
  • the sheath material is vulcanized and formed in the steam pipeline under the influence of pressure and temperature.
  • the startup temperatures are: 60°C for the feeding section, 65°C for the screw, and 80°C for the head.
  • the vulcanization gas pressure in the steam pipeline is 7 bar to 8 bar, and the startup speed is 5 m/min.
  • a Kevlar fiber braided reinforcement layer 42 is provided between the inner sheath 41 and the outer sheath 43, and is produced by a 32-spindle braiding machine, each spindle having 3 strands of twisted 1500D fiber filaments, a braiding density ⁇ 82%, a braiding angle controlled at 39° to 50°, and a braiding pitch of not less than 100 mm.
  • the Kevlar fiber braided reinforcement layer 42 increases the bonding degree between the inner sheath 41 and the outer sheath 43 on the one hand, and improves the tensile strength of the sheath layer 4 on the other hand.
  • the modified sheath material wraps and fixes the internal total cable core position, ensuring the compactness of the cable internal structure, effectively avoiding the problem of cable shedding during the winding and moving process, and increasing the service life of the cable.

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Abstract

本申请涉及电线电缆技术领域，尤其涉及一种改性护套料、护套料的制备方法及矿用卷筒电缆，其中，包括以下组分：杜邦氯丁橡胶WM-1：110份；改性氧化石墨烯MAH-GO：30份；氧化锌：6份；氧化镁：3份；Na-22：0.8份；促进剂：1.0份；硬脂酸：1.0份；硅烷偶联剂KH-560：1份；滑石粉：15份；碳酸钙：10份；增塑剂DOP：10份；防老剂ODA：2份。上述改性护套料选择改性氧化石墨烯作为高性能填料制备氯丁橡皮护套材料，增大了与氯丁橡胶分子之间的结合能力，提高了氯丁橡胶的物理性能，由此制备而成的矿用卷筒电缆的护套，解决了电缆长期使用时因护套长期刮磨而破损问题，满足了矿场恶劣的使用工况，进而保证了电缆的正常使用寿命。

Description

改性护套料、护套料的制备方法及矿用卷筒电缆 技术领域
本申请涉及电线电缆技术领域，尤其涉及一种改性护套料、护套料的制备方法及矿用卷筒电缆。
背景技术
现阶段我国矿场用的卷筒电缆使用工况较为恶劣，电缆在卷绕移动过程中难免会受到矿石地面的摩擦，导致电缆外护套极易出现破损现象，进而影响使用寿命。
目前矿用卷筒电缆主要分为两类：热固性橡皮护套电缆和热塑性聚氨酯护套电缆，两者优缺点明显，其中热塑性聚氨酯护套虽然抗撕、耐磨性能远优于橡皮护套，但硬度较大弯曲能力受到限制，并在户外高温暴晒下易出现软化现象影响使用；热固性橡皮护套虽然弯曲性能以及耐候性能优异，但抗撕、耐磨等物理性能不能很好满足实际使用工况的要求。
矿用卷筒电缆在卷绕移动过程中，长期面临高温暴晒、低温、地面刮磨、弯曲等工况，且易出现电缆“脱壳”现象，发生故障时维修时间较长，造成直接生产经济损失，需要进一步优化。
发明内容
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。
基于上述问题，本申请的一个目的在于提供一种改性护套料及护套料的制备方法，优化电缆护套材料，解决电缆长期使用时因护套长期刮磨而破损问题，进而保证电缆的正常使用寿命。
本申请的另一个目的在于提供一种矿用卷筒电缆，提高其护套抗拉强度，保证电缆在长期卷绕移动过程中各线芯位置固定，避免脱壳现象。
为达上述目的，第一方面，本申请采用以下技术方案：
一种改性护套料，其按质量份计包括：
杜邦氯丁橡胶WM-1：110份；改性氧化石墨烯MAH-GO：30份；氧化锌：6份；氧化镁：3份；Na-22：0.8份；促进剂：1.0份；硬脂酸：1.0份；硅烷偶联剂KH-560：1份；滑石粉：15份；碳酸钙：10份；增塑剂DOP：10份；防老剂ODA：2份。
为达上述目的，第二方面，本申请采用以下技术方案：
一种护套料的制备方法，基于上述的改性护套料，包括步骤：
(1)混炼：在密炼机中依次加入杜邦氯丁橡胶WM-1、改性氧化石墨烯MAH-GO、硬脂酸、防老剂ODA、增塑剂DOP、滑石粉、氧化镁、碳酸钙，混炼温度控制在80℃～85℃，混炼时间为7min，将混炼好的橡胶静置5h；
(2)硫化：向静置的橡胶依次加入氧化锌、硅烷偶联剂KH-560、Na-22、促进剂再次加硫混炼，混炼温度控制在65℃～70℃，混炼时间为3min；
(3)制片：将硫化处理后的橡胶放入压延机压制成宽度为800mm、厚度为0.9mm的胶片，再通过冷片机冷却橡胶温度，得到最终的改性护套料。
为达上述目的，第三方面，本申请采用以下技术方案：
一种矿用卷筒电缆，其包括总缆芯，总缆芯包括动力线芯、接地线芯和光纤单元，三个动力线芯正规绞合，光纤单元穿设于三个动力线芯的中心缝隙中，三个接地线芯分布于三个动力线芯的外缘缝隙中，总缆芯外挤出有护套层，护套层采用上述的改性护套料。
特别地，护套层包括内护套和外护套，分别由连硫挤橡机将改性护套料挤 出成型，内护套与外护套之间设置有凯夫拉纤维编织加强层。
特别地，内护套的厚度为2.0mm，外护套的厚度为3.2mm，凯夫拉纤维编织加强层的编织密度≥82％，编织角度控制在39°～50°，编织节距不小于100mm。
特别地，动力线芯包括镀锡软铜动力线芯导体，镀锡软铜动力线芯导体外绕包有半导电尼龙包带，半导电尼龙包带外依次挤包有导体屏蔽层、乙丙橡皮绝缘层和绝缘屏蔽层。
特别地，半导电尼龙带的厚度为0.12mm，搭盖率≥15％，导体屏蔽层、乙丙橡皮绝缘层和绝缘屏蔽层为三层共挤结构，导体屏蔽层的标称厚度为0.7mm，乙丙橡皮绝缘层的标称厚度为4.5mm，绝缘屏蔽层的标称厚度为0.7mm。
特别地，光纤单元包括单模或多模抗弯曲光纤，单模或多模抗弯曲光纤外编织有芳纶纤维加强层，芳纶纤维加强层外挤包有耐高温氟塑料护套。
特别地，芳纶纤维加强层的编织密度30％～40％，编织角度控制在39°～50°，编织节距不小于50mm，耐高温氟塑料护套的厚度为1mm。
特别地，接地线芯包括镀锡软铜接地线芯导体，镀锡软铜接地线芯导体外挤包有半导电屏蔽层。
综上，本申请的有益效果为，所述改性护套料、护套料的制备方法及矿用卷筒电缆具有以下优势：
1)选择改性后的氧化石墨烯(MAH-GO)作为新型的高性能填料制备高强度、高抗撕、高耐磨的氯丁橡皮护套材料，改性石墨烯增大了与氯丁橡胶分子之间的结合能力，且石墨烯六边形蜂窝结构可以进一步提高氯丁橡胶的物理性能，解决了电缆长期使用时因护套长期刮磨而破损问题，满足了矿场恶劣的使用工况，进而保证了电缆的正常使用寿命；
2)在电缆中心位置放置耐弯曲光纤单元，可实现监测电缆内部温度变化和 通路状态的目的，光纤单元采用芳纶丝编织加强，保证了在电缆卷绕移动过程中光信号稳定传输；
3)凯夫拉纤维编织加双层护套的结构设计，使得内外护套之间粘结更加紧密，提高护套抗拉强度，保证电缆在长期卷绕移动过程中各线芯位置固定，避免了脱壳现象。
在阅读并理解了附图和详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本文技术方案的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本申请的实施例一起用于解释本文的技术方案，并不构成对本文技术方案的限制。
图1是本申请实施例提供的矿用卷筒电缆的结构示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的改性护套料中氧化石墨烯的改性反应机理图。
图中：
1-动力线芯；11-镀锡软铜动力线芯导体；12-半导电尼龙包带；13-导体屏蔽层；14-乙丙橡皮绝缘层；15-绝缘屏蔽层；
2-光纤单元；21-单模或多模抗弯曲光纤；22-芳纶纤维加强层；23-耐高温氟塑料护套；
3-接地线芯；31-镀锡软铜接地线芯导体；32-半导电屏蔽层；
4-护套层；41-内护套；42-凯夫拉纤维编织加强层；43-外护套。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的零部件或具有相同或类似功能的零部件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本申请，而不 能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”、“固定”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接，可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一特征和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一特征和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
下面结合附图并通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本申请的技术方案。
本优选实施例提供一种改性护套料，其按质量份计包括如下组分：
杜邦氯丁橡胶WM-1：110份；
改性氧化石墨烯MAH-GO：30份；
氧化锌：6份；
氧化镁：3份；
Na-22：0.8份；
促进剂：1.0份；
硬脂酸：1.0份；
硅烷偶联剂KH-560：1份；
滑石粉：15份；
碳酸钙：10份；
增塑剂DOP：10份；
防老剂ODA：2份。
其中，改性氧化石墨烯中GO表面上的羟基(-OH)和马来酸酐(MAH)单体发生化学反应，促使五元环结构开环进而接枝到氧化石墨烯表面，羟基含量下降，形成新的酯基基团，图2为MAH接枝改性GO的化学反应机理图。
选择改性后的氧化石墨烯(MAH-GO)作为新型的高性能填料制备高强度、高抗撕、高耐磨的氯丁橡皮护套材料，这种改性氧化石墨烯的方法可以将体积较大的酸酐基团引入GO表面且分子链伸长，促使得片层间距被进一步撑大，当用MAH-GO改性氯丁橡胶后，会增大与氯丁橡胶的相容性和两相之间的结合能力，因此，氯丁橡胶在耐磨性、抗撕强度、抗拉强度等物理性能方面提升明显。
另外，通过化学改性石墨烯得到MAH-GO，增大了石墨烯层间距，增大与氯丁橡胶分子之间的结合能力，且石墨烯六边形“蜂窝结构”也可以进一步提高氯丁橡胶的物理性能。
上述改性氧化石墨烯/氯丁橡皮护套料的制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)混炼：在密炼机中依次加入杜邦氯丁橡胶WM-1、改性氧化石墨烯MAH-GO、硬脂酸、防老剂ODA、增塑剂DOP、滑石粉、氧化镁、碳酸钙，混炼温度控制在80℃～85℃，混炼时间为7min，将混炼好的橡胶静置5h；
(2)硫化：向静置的橡胶依次加入氧化锌、硅烷偶联剂KH-560、Na-22、促进剂再次加硫混炼，混炼温度控制在65℃～70℃，混炼时间为3min；
(3)制片：将硫化处理后的橡胶放入压延机压制成宽度为800mm、厚度为0.9mm的胶片，再通过冷片机冷却橡胶温度，得到最终的改性护套料。
对此，请参阅图1所示，本实施例还提供一种矿用卷筒电缆，其包括总缆芯，总缆芯包括动力线芯1、接地线芯3和光纤单元2，三个动力线芯1正规绞合，光纤单元2穿设于三个动力线芯1的中心缝隙中，三个接地线芯3分布于三个动力线芯1的外缘缝隙中，总缆芯外挤出有护套层4，护套层4采用上述的改性护套料。
其中，动力线芯1包括镀锡软铜动力线芯导体11，截面积为95mm 2，铜丝根数为437，丝径为0.505mm，股线束合节径比不大于20，复绞时最外层绞合节径比不大于10；镀锡软铜动力线芯导体11外绕包有半导电尼龙包带12，厚度为0.12mm，搭盖率≥15％；半导电尼龙包带12外依次挤包有导体屏蔽层13、乙丙橡皮绝缘层14和绝缘屏蔽层15，优选为三层共挤结构，生产设备为#150+90+60连硫挤橡机，导体屏蔽层13的标称厚度为0.7mm，乙丙橡皮绝缘层14的标称厚度为4.5mm，绝缘屏蔽层15的标称厚度为0.7mm。
光纤单元2包括单模或多模抗弯曲光纤21，单模或多模抗弯曲光纤21外编织有芳纶纤维加强层22，采用24锭编织机生产，每锭1股加捻400D纤维丝，编织密度30％～40％，编织角度控制在39°～50°，编织节距不小于50mm；由于电缆在外护工序选择蒸汽管道硫化，因此芳纶纤维加强层22外挤包有耐高温氟塑料护套23，厚度为1mm，使得光纤单元2整体具备优异的耐高温、抗拉、耐弯曲性能，确保光信号稳定传输。
接地线芯3包括镀锡软铜接地线芯导体31，截面积为16mm 2，铜丝根数为119，丝径为0.403mm，股线束合节径比不大于20，复绞时最外层绞合节径比不大于10；镀锡软铜接地线芯导体31外挤包有半导电屏蔽层32，生产设备为#90连硫挤橡机。
护套层4包括内护套41和外护套43，分别由连硫挤橡机将改性护套料挤出 成型，该材料具有优异的物理性能：抗张强度≥16N/mm 2，断裂伸长率≥500％，抗撕强度≥15N/mm，相对磨耗量≤160mm 3，同时具备优异的耐候性和耐油性，符合矿场作业环境的实际需求。
内护套41的厚度为2.0mm，外护套43的厚度为3.2mm，生产设备为#150连硫挤橡机，护套料在蒸气管道内受到压力、温度的影响硫化成型，开机温度分别为：送料段为60℃，螺杆为65℃，机头为80℃，蒸汽管道内硫化气压为7bar～8bar，开机速度为5m/min。
内护套41与外护套43之间设置有凯夫拉纤维编织加强层42，采用32锭编织机生产，每锭3股加捻1500D纤维丝，编织密度≥82％，编织角度控制在39°～50°，编织节距不小于100mm。
凯夫拉纤维编织加强层42一方面增大了内护套41与外护套43的粘结程度，另一方面改善了护套层4的抗拉强度，改性护套料包裹固定内部总缆芯位置，确保电缆内部结构紧凑，有效避免电缆在卷绕移动过程中的脱壳问题，增大了电缆的使用寿命。
以上实施例只是阐述了本申请的基本原理和特性，本申请不受上述事例限制，在不脱离本申请精神和范围的前提下，本申请还有各种变化和改变，这些变化和改变都落入要求保护的本申请范围内。本申请要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种改性护套料，其中，按质量份计包括：
    杜邦氯丁橡胶WM-1：110份；改性氧化石墨烯MAH-GO：30份；氧化锌：6份；氧化镁：3份；Na-22：0.8份；促进剂：1.0份；硬脂酸：1.0份；硅烷偶联剂KH-560：1份；滑石粉：15份；碳酸钙：10份；增塑剂DOP：10份；防老剂ODA：2份。
  2. 一种根据权利要求1所述的改性护套料的制备方法，包括步骤：
    (1)混炼：在密炼机中依次加入杜邦氯丁橡胶WM-1、改性氧化石墨烯MAH-GO、硬脂酸、防老剂ODA、增塑剂DOP、滑石粉、氧化镁、碳酸钙，混炼温度控制在80℃～85℃，混炼时间为7min，将混炼好的橡胶静置5h；
    (2)硫化：向静置的橡胶依次加入氧化锌、硅烷偶联剂KH-560、Na-22、促进剂再次加硫混炼，混炼温度控制在65℃～70℃，混炼时间为3min；
    (3)制片：将硫化处理后的橡胶放入压延机压制成宽度为800mm、厚度为0.9mm的胶片，再通过冷片机冷却橡胶温度，得到最终的改性护套料。
  3. 一种矿用卷筒电缆，其中，包括总缆芯，所述总缆芯包括动力线芯、接地线芯和光纤单元，三个所述动力线芯正规绞合，所述光纤单元穿设于三个动力线芯的中心缝隙中，三个所述接地线芯分布于三个动力线芯的外缘缝隙中，所述总缆芯外挤出有护套层，所述护套层采用权利要求1所述的改性护套料。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的矿用卷筒电缆，其中：所述护套层包括内护套和外护套，分别由连硫挤橡机将所述改性护套料挤出成型，所述内护套与所述外护套之间设置有凯夫拉纤维编织加强层。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的矿用卷筒电缆，其中：所述内护套的厚度为2.0mm，所述外护套的厚度为3.2mm，所述凯夫拉纤维编织加强层的编织密度≥82％，编织角度控制在39°～50°，编织节距不小于100mm。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的矿用卷筒电缆，其中：所述动力线芯包括镀锡软铜动力线芯导体，所述镀锡软铜动力线芯导体外绕包有半导电尼龙包带，所述半导电尼龙包带外依次挤包有导体屏蔽层、乙丙橡皮绝缘层和绝缘屏蔽层。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的矿用卷筒电缆，其中：所述半导电尼龙带的厚度为0.12mm，搭盖率≥15％，所述导体屏蔽层、所述乙丙橡皮绝缘层和所述绝缘屏蔽层为三层共挤结构，所述导体屏蔽层的标称厚度为0.7mm，所述乙丙橡皮绝缘层的标称厚度为4.5mm，所述绝缘屏蔽层的标称厚度为0.7mm。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的矿用卷筒电缆，其中：所述光纤单元包括单模或多模抗弯曲光纤，所述单模或多模抗弯曲光纤外编织有芳纶纤维加强层，所述芳纶纤维加强层外挤包有耐高温氟塑料护套。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的矿用卷筒电缆，其中：所述芳纶纤维加强层的编织密度30％～40％，编织角度控制在39°～50°，编织节距不小于50mm，所述耐高温氟塑料护套的厚度为1mm。
  10. 根据权利要求3所述的矿用卷筒电缆，其中：所述接地线芯包括镀锡软铜接地线芯导体，所述镀锡软铜接地线芯导体外挤包有半导电屏蔽层。
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CN112863759A (zh) * 2021-03-03 2021-05-28 远东电缆有限公司 一种无卤低烟环保型卷筒卷盘智能电缆及制备方法
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US20110200289A1 (en) * 2010-02-12 2011-08-18 Hatachi Cable, Ltd. High voltage cabtire cable
CN202758651U (zh) * 2012-07-13 2013-02-27 江苏亨通电力电缆有限公司 额定电压3.6/6kV-12/20kV光电复合中压卷筒电缆
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