WO2024021460A1 - 一种增程式混合动力***、控制方法及起重机 - Google Patents

一种增程式混合动力***、控制方法及起重机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024021460A1
WO2024021460A1 PCT/CN2022/140914 CN2022140914W WO2024021460A1 WO 2024021460 A1 WO2024021460 A1 WO 2024021460A1 CN 2022140914 W CN2022140914 W CN 2022140914W WO 2024021460 A1 WO2024021460 A1 WO 2024021460A1
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Prior art keywords
electric motor
power
engine
vehicle
power battery
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PCT/CN2022/140914
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
单增海
赵建国
刘建利
王文庆
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徐州重型机械有限公司
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Publication of WO2024021460A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024021460A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/46—Series type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
    • B60L50/62—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles charged by low-power generators primarily intended to support the batteries, e.g. range extenders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
    • B66C13/22—Control systems or devices for electric drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
    • B66C13/22—Control systems or devices for electric drives
    • B66C13/23—Circuits for controlling the lowering of the load
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/20—Drive modes; Transition between modes
    • B60L2260/26—Transition between different drive modes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and specifically relates to an extended-range hybrid power system, a control method and a crane.
  • Single-engine cranes have the following shortcomings: 1) There is a large difference in power requirements between driving and working conditions, and a power system cannot take both into consideration, resulting in high fuel consumption during boarding operations; 2) The engine runs in a low-speed and low-load area for a long time during boarding operations. The exhaust temperature is low, it is easy to deposit carbon, and the emission control calibration is complicated; 3) The waste of energy caused by the no-load operation of accessories such as air compressors, steering oil pumps, and air conditioning compressors during on-board operations.
  • the twin-engine crane has the following shortcomings: 1) The structural layout of the twin-engine crane is difficult and it takes up a large space; 2) The maintenance cost of the two sets of engines is high.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide an extended-range hybrid power system, a control method and a crane.
  • the on-board operation can select plug-in working mode, pure electric working mode, pure oil working mode and hybrid working mode. In one of the modes, you can choose pure electric driving mode or extended range driving mode when getting off the car, which helps to improve engine efficiency, reduce fuel consumption, exhaust emissions, and is environmentally friendly.
  • the first aspect provides an extended-range hybrid power system, including a power battery, an all-in-one controller, a first electric motor, a second electric motor and an engine;
  • the first electric motor is connected to a vehicle traveling mechanism
  • the engine is connected to a second electric motor, and the second electric motor is connected to a vehicle working mechanism;
  • the power battery, the first motor and the second motor are respectively connected to an all-in-one controller, and the all-in-one controller is connected to an external power supply.
  • the vehicle traveling mechanism includes a gearbox connected to the first electric motor, a transmission shaft connected to the gearbox, and a drive axle connected to the transmission shaft.
  • the engine is provided on the vehicle, the engine is connected to a first clutch, the first clutch is connected to a second electric motor, the second motor is connected to a second clutch, and the second clutch is connected to the operation of getting on the vehicle. mechanism.
  • the loading operation mechanism includes a hydraulic oil pump and a slewing device driven by the hydraulic oil pump, a luffing device, a hoisting device, a telescopic arm and a chassis leg.
  • the all-in-one controller is connected to the power battery through the BMS, and the all-in-one controller is connected to the first electric motor through the first MCU.
  • the all-in-one controller is connected to a central rotary device, and the central rotary device is connected to the second motor through the second MCU.
  • the second aspect provides a control method for the extended-range hybrid power system described in the first aspect.
  • the working modes of the vehicle operation include a plug-in working mode, a pure electric working mode, a pure oil working mode and a hybrid working mode;
  • the working modes of vehicle driving include pure electric driving mode and extended range driving mode.
  • the user can select the pure electric working mode, the engine and the second electric motor are disconnected, the second electric motor is combined with the vehicle operating mechanism, and the power battery is controlled through an all-in-one
  • the device makes the second electric motor drive the working mechanism on the vehicle to work.
  • the power is lower than the design threshold A, the user is reminded to exit the pure electric working mode;
  • the engine When the user selects the pure oil working mode, the engine is combined with the second motor, and the second motor is combined with the working mechanism on the vehicle.
  • the engine drives the working mechanism on the vehicle through the rotor of the second motor.
  • the second electric motor acts as a generator to charge the power battery;
  • the engine When the user selects the hybrid working mode, the engine is combined with the second electric motor, and the second electric motor is combined with the work mechanism for getting on the car.
  • the engine drives the work mechanism for getting on the car through the rotor of the second motor.
  • the second electric motor is driven in a timely manner to adjust the engine torque output so that the engine operates in a high-efficiency economic zone.
  • the user can select the pure electric driving mode.
  • the power battery uses the all-in-one controller to make the first electric motor drive the disembarking driving mechanism to work, realizing the vehicle driving.
  • the power is lower than When designing threshold A, the user is reminded to exit the pure electric working mode;
  • the power battery uses the all-in-one controller to drive the first electric motor to drive the disembarking driving mechanism to realize the whole vehicle driving; when the power battery power is lower than the design At the threshold A, the engine and the second motor are combined, and the second motor is disconnected from the working mechanism of the vehicle. The engine starts, driving the second motor to generate electricity, and charges the power battery through the all-in-one controller.
  • the all-in-one controller enables the first electric motor to drive the disembarking traveling mechanism to realize vehicle driving; when the power battery power is higher than the design threshold B, the engine stops working, and the power battery uses the all-in-one controller to enable the first electric motor to drive the disembarking traveling mechanism.
  • the vehicle travels until the power battery power is lower than the design threshold A, and the engine starts again, and so on; when the power battery power is between threshold A and threshold B, the engine starts generating electricity in a timely manner according to the power demand of the vehicle when the vehicle is off the vehicle to avoid The power battery is drained too quickly.
  • a crane which includes the extended-range hybrid power system described in the first aspect, and adopts the control method described in the second aspect to realize loading and unloading operations.
  • the on-board operation has plug-in working mode, pure electric working mode, pure oil working mode and hybrid working mode; among them, plug-in working mode and pure electric working mode have zero fuel consumption; in pure electric working mode, the engine Directly drive the on-board operation to avoid high-voltage system failure and product failure, which improves the crane's working adaptability; in hybrid working mode, when the engine and motor work together, the torque is large and the working efficiency is high, and the motor can adjust the engine torque. Improve engine efficiency and reduce fuel consumption.
  • Figure 1 is a diagram of the working mode of a single-engine crane in the background technology of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a diagram of the working mode of the twin-engine crane in the background technology of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the range-extended hybrid power system in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • this embodiment provides an extended-range hybrid power system, including a power battery, an all-in-one controller, an electric motor 1, an electric motor 2 and an engine.
  • the power battery is installed in the car.
  • the power battery is connected to the all-in-one controller through the BMS.
  • the all-in-one controller is connected to the central slewing device.
  • the central slewing device is connected to the motor 2 through MCU2.
  • the high-voltage power of the power battery passes through the BMS and the all-in-one controller.
  • the controller, central rotary device, and MCU2 are transmitted to the motor 2.
  • the all-in-one controller is connected to the electric motor 1 through MCU1, and the electric motor 1 is connected to the disembarking traveling mechanism; the disembarking traveling mechanism includes a gearbox connected to the electric motor 1, a transmission shaft connected to the gearbox, and a drive axle connected to the transmission shaft.
  • the high-voltage power from the power battery is transmitted to the electric motor 1 through the BMS, all-in-one controller, and MCU1.
  • the electric motor 1 is connected to the drive axle through the gearbox and transmission shaft to get off the vehicle and drive.
  • the engine is located on the upper vehicle.
  • the engine is connected to a clutch 1.
  • the clutch 1 is connected to the input shaft of the electric motor 2.
  • the output shaft of the electric motor 2 is connected to a clutch 2.
  • the clutch 2 is connected to the upper vehicle operating mechanism.
  • the working mechanism on the vehicle includes a hydraulic oil pump connected to the clutch 2 and a slewing device, luffing device, hoisting device, telescopic arm and chassis legs driven by the hydraulic oil pump.
  • the hydraulic oil pump can be driven by the electric motor 2, or the engine can be driven by the clutch 1 and the rotor of the electric motor 2, or it can be driven by both.
  • the hydraulic oil pump drives the upper hydraulic system to perform rotation, luffing, hoisting and telescopic operations.
  • the hydraulic oil pump is connected to the central slewing device and can also transfer hydraulic oil to complete the outrigger operations of the lower vehicle.
  • the all-in-one controller is also connected to an external power supply for plug-in operation.
  • the engine, electric motor 1, electric motor 2, and power battery are connected to each other through an MCU or BMS and an all-in-one controller.
  • the central slewing device transmits hydraulic pressure, high-voltage electricity, and communication signals for getting on and off the vehicle. High-voltage electric transmission for getting on and off the vehicle can be achieved through high-voltage slip rings.
  • the engine is arranged in the form of getting on the car, which can not only extend the range for getting off the car, but also drive the getting on the car for work.
  • the engine on the car is connected to the hydraulic oil pump through the clutch, the electric motor 2, and the parallel structure of the engine and the electric motor is realized. type.
  • the power battery, BMS and all-in-one controller are arranged on the vehicle. In other embodiments, the power battery, BMS and all-in-one controller can also be arranged on the vehicle.
  • the clutch 2 may not be installed, and the engine drives the electric motor 2 to generate electricity to extend the range of the vehicle, and the hydraulic oil pump of the vehicle is constantly running.
  • any one or more actions of rotation, luffing, and hoisting can be driven by a motor.
  • this embodiment provides a control method for the extended-range hybrid power system described in Embodiment 1.
  • the working modes of the on-board operation include plug-in working mode, pure electric working mode, pure oil working mode and hybrid working mode.
  • Automobile working mode; the working mode of getting off the vehicle includes pure electric driving mode and extended range driving mode.
  • the user can select the pure electric working mode. Similar to the plug-in working mode, the clutch 1 between the engine and the electric motor 2 is disconnected, and the electric motor 2 is connected to the hydraulic pressure. The clutch 2 between the oil pumps is combined, and the power battery drives the motor 2 through the BMS, all-in-one controller, central slewing device, and MUC2. The motor 2 drives the hydraulic oil pump to realize the upper vehicle rotation, luffing, telescopic, winch, and chassis outriggers, etc. action. When the power is lower than the design threshold A, the user is reminded to exit the pure electric working mode.
  • the design threshold A for example, 30%
  • the user can choose the pure oil working mode.
  • the clutch 1 between the engine and the motor 2 is combined, and the clutch 2 between the motor 2 and the hydraulic oil pump is combined.
  • the engine drives the hydraulic oil pump through clutch 1, the motor 2 rotor, and the clutch 2 to realize the rotation of the vehicle. Luffing, telescopic, hoisting and chassis outrigger movements.
  • the electric motor 2 does not output power, but can act as a generator to charge the power battery when the power battery power is lower than the threshold C.
  • Clutch 1 between the engine and motor 2 is combined, and clutch 2 between motor 2 and the hydraulic oil pump is combined.
  • the engine drives the hydraulic oil pump through clutch 1, motor 2 rotor, and clutch 2.
  • the electric motor 2 is driven in a timely manner to adjust the engine torque output, so that the engine works in a high-efficiency economic zone, reducing fuel consumption and exhaust emissions.
  • the user can select the pure electric driving mode.
  • the power battery drives motor 1 through BMS, all-in-one controller, and MUC1.
  • Motor 1 is driven through the gearbox, transmission shaft, and axle. The whole vehicle travels.
  • the battery power is lower than the design threshold A, the user is reminded to switch modes.
  • the power battery drives the motor 1 through the BMS, all-in-one controller, and MUC1, and the electric motor 1 is driven by the variable speed The box, transmission shaft and axle drive the entire vehicle.
  • the clutch 1 between the engine and the electric motor 2 is combined, the clutch 2 between the electric motor 2 and the hydraulic oil pump is disconnected, the engine starts, and drives the electric motor 2 to generate electricity.
  • One controller and BMS charge the battery, and at the same time drive the motor 1 through MCU2, the central slewing device, the all-in-one controller, and MCU1 to drive the vehicle; when the power battery power is higher than the threshold B, the engine stops working and the power battery passes Motor 1 drives the vehicle until the power battery power is lower than the design threshold A, and the engine starts again, and so on; when the power battery power is between threshold A and threshold B, the engine will also start in time according to the power demand for driving when the vehicle is off. Generate electricity to prevent the power battery from being consumed too quickly.
  • threshold A and threshold B are, for example, threshold A is 30% and threshold B is 90%.
  • threshold A is 30%
  • threshold B is 90%.
  • This embodiment provides a crane, which is equipped with the extended-range hybrid power system described in Embodiment 1, and adopts the control method described in Embodiment 2 to realize boarding operations and dismounting operations.
  • you can choose to operate the hydraulic system driven by the motor or the hydraulic system driven by the engine.
  • the engine can also be combined with the motor in parallel to drive the hydraulic system.
  • the electric motor is used to realize pure electric driving when getting off the car.
  • the engine can generate electricity to provide electric energy for getting off the car and driving.
  • the onboard engine has smaller power, so the vehicle consumes less fuel, has less carbon emissions, and is cleaner.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种增程式混合动力***、控制方法及起重机，属于工程机械技术领域。增程式混合动力***包括动力电池、多合一控制器、第一电动机、第二电动机和发动机；所述第一电动机连接有下车行驶机构；所述发动机连接第二电动机，所述第二电动机连接有上车作业机构；所述动力电池、第一电动机和第二电动机分别连接多合一控制器，所述多合一控制器连接有外接电源。本发明上车作业可选择插电工作模式、纯电工作模式、纯油工作模式和混动工作模式之一，下车行驶可选择纯电行驶模式或增程行驶模式，有助于提高发动机工作效率，减少燃油消耗、尾气排放，环保性强。

Description

一种增程式混合动力***、控制方法及起重机 技术领域
本发明属于工程机械技术领域，具体涉及一种增程式混合动力***、控制方法及起重机。
背景技术
随着科学技术的不断发展，全球对环境治理、能源短缺等问题持续关注，国家对工程机械行业的能源消耗不断重视，整个工程机械行业朝着节能减排、绿色环保的方向发展。
目前，传统汽车起重机通过发动机驱动底盘行驶和上车作业，两种状态的功率需求不同，底盘行驶功率远高于上车作业功率，发动机需要根据底盘行驶进行匹配。在上车作业时，由于发动机功率大，发动机往往不能工作在高效区，造成燃油消耗率较高；吨位越大，功率差异越明显，大吨位起重机则多采用双发配置，在底盘和上车分别配置发动机分别满足行驶和作业功率，但整机成本、重量会相应增加。发动机的长时间工作伴随大量有害气体的排放，经济性较差，在行驶和作业时的噪声也会对驾驶员和周边环境产生影响。
为解决此问题，市场上出现了以电能为动力源的起重机或插电式混合动力起重机，由于电池续航能力弱，纯电式起重机的路面行驶和上车作业的适应能力较差；插电式混合动力起重机的底盘发动机在上车作业时往往无法工作在高效率区间。
现有的起重机主要分别为单发式起重机和双发式起重机。如图1所示，对于单发式起重机，底盘发动机一方面为底盘行驶提供动力，另一方面在上车作业时，发动机通过离合器、变速箱、取力器驱动油泵为上车液压***提供动力。如图2所示，对于双发式起重机，底盘发动机和上车发动机分别为底盘行驶和上车作业提供动力支持。
单发式起重机存在以下缺点：1)行驶与作业工况需求功率差异大，一套动力***无法兼顾，上车作业时油耗大；2)上车作业时发动机长时间运行在低速低负荷区域，排气温度低、易积碳，排放控制标定复杂；3)上车作业时空压机、转向油泵、空调压缩机等附件空载运行带来的能耗浪费。双发式起重机存在以下缺点：1)双发式起重机结构布置困难、占用空间大；2)两套发动机维护保养成本高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中的不足，提供一种增程式混合动力***、控制方法及起重机，上车作业可选择插电工作模式、纯电工作模式、纯油工作模式和混动工作模式之一，下车行驶可选择纯电行驶模式或增程行驶模式，有助于提高发动机工作效率，减少燃油消耗、尾气排放，环保性强。
本发明提供了如下的技术方案：
第一方面，提供一种增程式混合动力***，包括动力电池、多合一控制器、第一电动机、第二电动机和发动机；
所述第一电动机连接有下车行驶机构；
所述发动机连接第二电动机，所述第二电动机连接有上车作业机构；
所述动力电池、第一电动机和第二电动机分别连接多合一控制器，所述多合一控制器连接有外接电源。
进一步的，所述下车行驶机构包括与第一电动机连接的变速箱、与变速箱连接的传动轴以及与传动轴连接的驱动车桥。
进一步的，所述发动机设于上车，所述发动机连接有第一离合器，所述第一离合器连接第二电动机，所述第二电动机连接有第二离合器，所述第二离合器连接上车作业机构。
进一步的，所述上车作业机构包括液压油泵以及由液压油泵驱动的回转装置、变幅装置、卷扬装置、伸缩臂和底盘支腿。
进一步的，所述多合一控制器通过BMS连接动力电池，所述多合一控制器通过第一MCU连接第一电动机。
进一步的，所述多合一控制器连接有中心回转装置，所述中心回转装置通过第二MCU连接第二电动机。
第二方面，提供一种第一方面所述的增程式混合动力***的控制方法，上车作业的工作模式包括插电工作模式、纯电工作模式、纯油工作模式和混动工作模式；下车行驶的工作模式包括纯电行驶模式和增程行驶模式。
进一步的，对于上车作业：
当有外接电源时，自动进入插电工作模式，发动机与第二电动机之间断开，第二电动机与上车作业机构之间结合，外接电源通过多合一控制器使第二电动机驱动上车作业机构 工作，同时，外接电源通过多合一控制器为动力电池充电；
当动力电池电量充足且电量高于设计阈值A时，用户能够选择纯电工作模式，发动机与第二电动机之间断开，第二电动机与上车作业机构之间结合，动力电池通过多合一控制器使第二电动机驱动上车作业机构工作，当电量低于设计阈值A时，提醒用户退出纯电工作模式；
当用户选择纯油工作模式时，发动机与第二电动机之间结合，第二电动机与上车作业机构之间结合，发动机通过第二电动机的转子驱动上车作业机构工作，当动力电池的电量低时，第二电动机充当发电机为动力电池充电；
当用户选择混动工作模式时，发动机与第二电动机之间结合，第二电动机与上车作业机构之间结合，发动机通过第二电动机的转子驱动上车作业机构工作，同时，针对上车作业负载情况、发动机效率和动力电池电量，第二电动机适时驱动，调节发动机扭矩输出，使发动机工作在高效经济区。
进一步的，对于下车行驶：
当动力电池电量充足且电量高于设计阈值A时，用户能够选择纯电行驶模式，动力电池通过多合一控制器使第一电动机驱动下车行驶机构工作，实现整车行驶，当电量低于设计阈值A时，提醒用户退出纯电工作模式；
当用户选择增程行驶模式时，如果动力电池电量充足且高于设计A时，动力电池通过多合一控制器使第一电动机驱动下车行驶机构实现整车行驶；当动力电池电量低于设计阈值A时，发动机与第二电动机之间结合，第二电动机与上车作业机构之间断开，发动机启动，带动第二电动机发电，通多合一控制器为动力电池充电，同时通过多合一控制器使第一电动机驱动下车行驶机构实现整车行驶；当动力电池电量高于设计阈值B时，发动机停止工作，动力电池通过多合一控制器使第一电动机驱动下车行驶机构工作实现整车行驶，直到动力电池电量低于设计阈值A，发动机再次启动，如此反复；当动力电池的电量介于阈值A和阈值B之间时，发动机根据下车行驶用电功率需求适时开启发电以避免动力电池电量消耗过快。
第三方面，提供一种起重机，包括第一方面所述的增程式混合动力***，采用第二方面所述的控制方法实现上车作业和下车行驶。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
(1)下车行驶具有纯电行驶模式和增程行驶模式；纯电行驶模式时，燃油零消耗；增 程行驶模式时，由于发动机不需要直接驱动车辆行驶，发动机不需要根据行驶功率需求改变输出功率，发动机始终处于高效经济区发电，且发动机排量、功率小于传统燃油车发动机排量、功率，因此减小了行驶过程中的燃油消耗和尾气排放量，节能减排；此外，车辆行驶过程中，由于采用电机驱动，车辆加速性能强、噪声小，驾驶舒适性更好；
(2)上车作业具有插电工作模式、纯电工作模式、纯油工作模式和混动工作模式；其中，插电工作模式和纯电工作模式，燃油零消耗；纯电工作模式下，发动机直接驱动上车作业，避免高压***故障，产品不能工作，提高了起重机工作适应性；混动工作模式下，发动机与电机共同作业时，扭矩大、作业效率高，电机可以对发动机扭矩进行调节，提高发动机工作效率，降低了燃油消耗。
附图说明
图1是本发明背景技术中单发式起重机工作模式图；
图2是本发明背景技术中双发式起重机工作模式图；
图3是本发明实施例中增程式混合动力***的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
如图3所示，本实施例提供一种增程式混合动力***，包括动力电池、多合一控制器、电动机1、电动机2和发动机。
动力电池设于下车，动力电池通过BMS连接多合一控制器，多合一控制器连接有中心回转装置，中心回转装置通过MCU2连接电动机2，动力电池的高压电通过BMS、多合一控制器、中心回转装置、MCU2传递给电动机2。多合一控制器通过MCU1连接电动机1，电动机1连接有下车行驶机构；下车行驶机构包括与电动机1连接的变速箱、与变速箱连接的传动轴以及与传动轴连接的驱动车桥。动力电池的高压电通过BMS、多合一控制器、MCU1传递给电动机1，电动机1通过变速箱、传动轴连接驱动车桥，进行下车行驶。
发动机设于上车，发动机连接有离合器1，离合器1连接电动机2的输入轴，电动机2的输出轴连接有离合器2，离合器2连接上车作业机构。上车作业机构包括与离合器2连接的液压油泵以及由液压油泵驱动的回转装置、变幅装置、卷扬装置、伸缩臂 和底盘支腿。液压油泵可由电动机2驱动，或者发动机通过离合器1、电动机2转子驱动，也可由两者共同驱动。液压油泵驱动上车液压***进行回转、变幅、卷扬及伸缩等作业，同时，液压油泵与中心回转装置相连，也可传递液压油，完成下车支腿作业。多合一控制器还连接有外接电源，用于实现插电工作模式。
本实施例中，发动机、电动机1、电动机2、动力电池，通过MCU或BMS与多合一控制器相互连接，中心回转装置传递上下车的液压、高压电和通讯信号。上下车的高压电传输可通过高压滑环实现。
本实施例中发动机布置在上车的形式，既可以为下车行驶进行增程，同时可以驱动上车进行作业，上车发动机通过离合器、电动机2与液压油泵连接，实现了发动机与电动机并联构型。
本实施例中动力电池、BMS和多合一控制器布置在下车，在其它实施例中动力电池、BMS和多合一控制器也可布置在上车。
在其它实施例中，也可不安装离合器2，发动机带动电动机2发电为下车增程时，上车液压油泵常转。
在其它实施例中，回转、变幅、卷扬任意一个或多个动作可通过电机驱动。
实施例2
如图3所示，本实施例提供一种实施例1所述的增程式混合动力***的控制方法，上车作业的工作模式包括插电工作模式、纯电工作模式、纯油工作模式和混动工作模式；下车行驶的工作模式包括纯电行驶模式和增程行驶模式。
(1)对于上车作业：
当有外接电源时，自动进入插电工作模式，发动机与电动机2之间的离合器1断开，电动机2与液压油泵之间的离合器2结合，外接电源通过多合一控制器、中心回转装置传递高压电至MCU2，在MCU2控制下，电动机2直接驱动液压油泵进行工作，实现上车回转、变幅、伸缩、卷扬以及底盘支腿等动作，发动机处于熄火状态。同时，外接电源通过多合一控制器、BMS为动力电池充电。
当动力电池电量充足且电量高于设计阈值A(例如30％)时，用户可以选择纯电工作模式，与插电工作模式类似，发动机与电动机2之间的离合器1断开，电动机2与液压油泵之间的离合器2结合，动力电池通过BMS、多合一控制器、中心回转装置、MUC2驱动电动机2，电动机2带动液压油泵实现上车回转、变幅、伸缩、卷扬以及底 盘支腿等动作。电量低于设计阈值A时，提醒用户退出纯电工作模式。
用户可以选择纯油工作模式，发动机与电动机2间的离合器1结合，电动机2与液压油泵间的离合器2结合，发动机通过离合器1、电动机2转子、离合器2驱动液压油泵工作，实现上车回转、变幅、伸缩、卷扬以及底盘支腿等动作。该模式下，电动机2不输出动力，但可以在动力电池电量低于阈值C时充当发电机为动力电池充电。
用户可以选择混动工作模式，发动机与电动机2间的离合器1结合，电动机2与液压油泵间的离合器2结合，发动机通过离合器1、电动机2转子、离合器2驱动液压油泵工作。此过程中，针对上车负载情况、发动机效率和电池电量，电动机2适时驱动，调节发动机扭矩输出，使发动机工作在高效经济区，减少燃油消耗和尾气排放。
(2)对于下车行驶：
当动力电池电量充足且电量高于设计阈值A时，用户可以选择纯电行驶模式，动力电池通过BMS、多合一控制器、MUC1驱动电动机1，电动机1在通过变速箱、传动轴、车轴驱动整车行驶。当电池电量低于设计阈值A时，提醒用户进行模式切换。
当用户选择增程行驶模式时，如果动力电池电量充足且高于设计阈值A时，与纯电行驶模式类似，动力电池通过BMS、多合一控制器、MUC1驱动电动机1，电动机1在通过变速箱、传动轴、车轴驱动整车行驶。当动力电池电量低于设计阈值A时，发动机与电动机2间的离合器1结合，电动机2与液压油泵间的离合器2断开，发动机启动，带动电动机2发电，通过MCU2、中心回转装置、多合一控制器、BMS为电池充电，同时通过MCU2、中心回转装置、多合一控制器、MCU1驱动电动机1，进而驱动车辆行驶；当动力电池电量高于阈值B时，发动机停止工作，动力电池通过电动机1驱动车辆行驶，直到动力电池电量低于设计阈值A，发动机再次启动，如此反复；当动力电池的电量在阈值A和阈值B之间时，发动机也会根据下车行驶用电功率需求适时开启发电，以避免动力电池电量消耗过快。
前述涉及到的阈值A和阈值B，如阈值A为30％、阈值B为90％。当动力电池的电量低于30％要退出纯电模式，然后发动机开始发电，电量高于90％时，停止发电。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种起重机，装配有实施例1所述的增程式混合动力***，采用实施例2所述的控制方法实现上车作业和下车行驶。上车作业时，可选择电机驱动上车液压***作业或者发动机驱动上车液压***作业，发动机还能与电机并联混合驱动上车作业。下 车行驶时，利用电动机实现下车纯电行驶，在行驶过程中发动机可进行发电为下车行驶提供电能。上车发动机相比传统底盘行驶发动机，功率较小，因此车辆燃油消耗小、碳排放少、更加清洁。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变形，这些改进和变形也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种增程式混合动力***，其特征在于，包括动力电池、多合一控制器、第一电动机、第二电动机和发动机；
    所述第一电动机连接有下车行驶机构；
    所述发动机连接第二电动机，所述第二电动机连接有上车作业机构；
    所述动力电池、第一电动机和第二电动机分别连接多合一控制器，所述多合一控制器连接有外接电源。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的增程式混合动力***，其特征在于，所述下车行驶机构包括与第一电动机连接的变速箱、与变速箱连接的传动轴以及与传动轴连接的驱动车桥。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的增程式混合动力***，其特征在于，所述发动机设于上车，所述发动机连接有第一离合器，所述第一离合器连接第二电动机，所述第二电动机连接有第二离合器，所述第二离合器连接上车作业机构。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的增程式混合动力***，其特征在于，所述上车作业机构包括液压油泵以及由液压油泵驱动的回转装置、变幅装置、卷扬装置、伸缩臂和底盘支腿。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的增程式混合动力***，其特征在于，所述多合一控制器通过BMS连接动力电池，所述多合一控制器通过第一MCU连接第一电动机。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的增程式混合动力***，其特征在于，所述多合一控制器连接有中心回转装置，所述中心回转装置通过第二MCU连接第二电动机。
  7. 一种权利要求1～6任一项所述的增程式混合动力***的控制方法，其特征在于，上车作业的工作模式包括插电工作模式、纯电工作模式、纯油工作模式和混动工作模式；下车行驶的工作模式包括纯电行驶模式和增程行驶模式。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的增程式混合动力***的控制方法，其特征在于，对于上车作业：当有外接电源时，自动进入插电工作模式，发动机与第二电动机之间断开，第二电动机与上车作业机构之间结合，外接电源通过多合一控制器使第二电动机驱动上车作业机构工作，同时，外接电源通过多合一控制器为动力电池充电；
    当动力电池电量充足且电量高于设计阈值A时，用户能够选择纯电工作模式，发动机与第二电动机之间断开，第二电动机与上车作业机构之间结合，动力电池通过多合一控制器使第二电动机驱动上车作业机构工作，当电量低于设计阈值A时，提醒用户退出纯电工作模式；
    当用户选择纯油工作模式时，发动机与第二电动机之间结合，第二电动机与上车作业机 构之间结合，发动机通过第二电动机的转子驱动上车作业机构工作，当动力电池的电量低时，第二电动机充当发电机为动力电池充电；
    当用户选择混动工作模式时，发动机与第二电动机之间结合，第二电动机与上车作业机构之间结合，发动机通过第二电动机的转子驱动上车作业机构工作，同时，针对上车作业负载情况、发动机效率和动力电池电量，第二电动机适时驱动，调节发动机扭矩输出，使发动机工作在高效经济区。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的增程式混合动力***的控制方法，其特征在于，对于下车行驶：当动力电池电量充足且电量高于设计阈值A时，用户能够选择纯电行驶模式，动力电池通过多合一控制器使第一电动机驱动下车行驶机构工作，实现整车行驶，当电量低于设计阈值A时，提醒用户退出纯电工作模式；
    当用户选择增程行驶模式时，如果动力电池电量充足且高于设计A时，动力电池通过多合一控制器使第一电动机驱动下车行驶机构实现整车行驶；当动力电池电量低于设计阈值A时，发动机与第二电动机之间结合，第二电动机与上车作业机构之间断开，发动机启动，带动第二电动机发电，通多合一控制器为动力电池充电，同时通过多合一控制器使第一电动机驱动下车行驶机构实现整车行驶；当动力电池电量高于设计阈值B时，发动机停止工作，动力电池通过多合一控制器使第一电动机驱动下车行驶机构工作实现整车行驶，直到动力电池电量低于设计阈值A，发动机再次启动，如此反复；当动力电池的电量介于阈值A和阈值B之间时，发动机根据下车行驶用电功率需求适时开启发电以避免动力电池电量消耗过快。
  10. 一种起重机，其特征在于，包括权利要求1～6任一项所述的增程式混合动力***，采用权利要求7～9任一项所述的控制方法实现上车作业和下车行驶。
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