WO2023274410A1 - 调光件及其制作方法、透光组件、车辆 - Google Patents

调光件及其制作方法、透光组件、车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023274410A1
WO2023274410A1 PCT/CN2022/103414 CN2022103414W WO2023274410A1 WO 2023274410 A1 WO2023274410 A1 WO 2023274410A1 CN 2022103414 W CN2022103414 W CN 2022103414W WO 2023274410 A1 WO2023274410 A1 WO 2023274410A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dimming
layer
conductive layer
substrate
film
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/103414
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
水方
林寿
冯涛
王加赋
郑国新
Original Assignee
福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202110749492.4A external-priority patent/CN113671729B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202111004531.4A external-priority patent/CN113867012B/zh
Application filed by 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司
Priority to KR1020247000825A priority Critical patent/KR20240019309A/ko
Priority to EP22832222.8A priority patent/EP4361710A1/en
Priority to CN202280047197.7A priority patent/CN117916652A/zh
Publication of WO2023274410A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023274410A1/zh
Priority to US18/397,492 priority patent/US20240126106A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/0121—Operation of devices; Circuit arrangements, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J3/00—Antiglare equipment associated with windows or windscreens; Sun visors for vehicles
    • B60J3/04—Antiglare equipment associated with windows or windscreens; Sun visors for vehicles adjustable in transparency
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/0102—Constructional details, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E06B2009/2464—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds featuring transparency control by applying voltage, e.g. LCD, electrochromic panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1345—Conductors connecting electrodes to cell terminals
    • G02F1/13452—Conductors connecting driver circuitry and terminals of panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/48—Variable attenuator

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of vehicle spare parts, in particular to a dimming component and a manufacturing method thereof, a light-transmitting component, and a vehicle.
  • Vehicles are one of the important means of transportation for human beings.
  • the window glass of some vehicles has a dimming effect due to the addition of dimming components, making the driving environment more comfortable and less luxurious.
  • the dimmer is an electronic light control product, which can control whether the dimmer is transparent or not through electronic control.
  • the structural setting of the dimming element is unreasonable, the function of the dimming element will be affected.
  • the application provides a dimmer and a manufacturing method thereof, a light-transmitting component, and a vehicle.
  • the structural design of the dimmer can ensure that the dimmer can perform its own function normally.
  • the present application provides a dimming element, the dimming element includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a dimming film, and the dimming film includes a first substrate, a first conductive layer, A dimming layer, a second conductive layer, and a second base, the dimming layer, the first conductive layer, and the second conductive layer form a storage space, and the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged in the storage space , the first electrode is attached to the side of the first conductive layer away from the first substrate and is electrically connected to the first conductive layer, and the second electrode is attached to the side of the second conductive layer away from the first substrate.
  • One side of the second base is electrically connected to the second conductive layer.
  • the accommodating space includes a first subspace and a second subspace arranged at intervals, the first electrode is arranged in the first subspace, and the second electrode is arranged in the second subspace.
  • the dimmer further includes a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer, the first electrode is bonded and electrically connected to the first conductive layer through the first adhesive layer, and the second electrode The second adhesive layer is bonded and electrically connected to the second conductive layer.
  • the dimmer has a sealing structure, at least part of the sealing structure is arranged along the periphery of the dimmer, and the first base and the second base are connected at the sealing structure.
  • the present application also provides a method for manufacturing a dimmer, and the method includes:
  • a dimming film includes a stacked first film layer, a dimming layer and a second film layer, the first film layer includes a stacked first substrate and a first conductive layer, and the second The film layer includes a second substrate and a second conductive layer stacked, the dimming layer is located between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, and the dimming film includes a first region and a second region ;
  • a second electrode is pasted on the second conductive layer located in the first region.
  • the first film layer and the second film layer located in the first region are peeled away from each other to reveal the light-adjusting layer in the first region.
  • removing at least part of the dimming layer on the first conductive layer located in the first region includes:
  • attaching the first electrode on the first conductive layer located in the first region includes:
  • first adhesive layer on the surface of the first conductive layer located in the first region away from the first substrate, or forming a first adhesive layer on the surface of the first electrode;
  • the first electrode is attached to the first conductive layer located in the first region through the first adhesive layer.
  • a sealing structure is formed on the periphery of the dimming film, wherein the first base and the second base at the sealing structure are connected.
  • forming a sealing structure at the periphery of the dimming film includes:
  • the dimming film is arranged between the first processing part and the second processing part, wherein the first processing part abuts against the first base of the dimming film, and the second processing part abuts against the the second substrate of the dimming film;
  • a sealing structure is formed on the periphery of the dimming film by the cooperation of the first processing part and the second processing part, wherein the first processing part can rotate and the second processing part can vibrate.
  • the present application also provides a dimming element, the dimming element includes a dimming film, and the dimming film includes a first substrate, a functional layer, and a second substrate that are sequentially stacked; A sealing structure is provided on the periphery of the structure, and the sealing structure is formed by wrapping the functional layer with the first substrate and the second substrate.
  • the first base and the second base respectively include a base body part and a base edge part
  • the functional layer is located between the base body part of the first base and the base body part of the second base
  • the base edge part forms A sealing structure is used to cover the functional layer.
  • the sealing structure is formed by abutting and melting the first substrate and the second substrate.
  • At least one groove structure is provided on the outer edge of the dimmer, and the sealing structure is located at the groove structure.
  • a filling portion is provided on a side of the groove structure away from the sealing structure.
  • the groove structure is formed by melting and contracting the first substrate and/or the second substrate toward the direction of the functional layer.
  • the groove structure runs through the peripheral edge of the functional layer and communicates with the surface of the functional layer adjacent to the first substrate and/or the surface of the functional layer adjacent to the second substrate.
  • the groove structure includes a step structure or a groove structure.
  • a dam structure is left, and the distance between the dam structure and the groove structure is 0.5mm-10mm.
  • the longitudinal section of the sealing structure at the groove structure is V-shaped, U-shaped, W-shaped, M-shaped, X-shaped, I-shaped, II-shaped, or III-shaped or a combination thereof.
  • the functional layer includes a first conductive layer, a dimming layer and a second conductive layer which are sequentially stacked.
  • the dimmer further includes at least one notch.
  • the present application also provides a method for manufacturing a dimming element, and the method for manufacturing the dimming element includes:
  • dimming element comprising a first substrate, a functional layer and a second substrate sequentially stacked
  • a processing mold is set on the side of the first substrate away from the functional layer, and a carrying platform is set on the side of the second base away from the functional layer;
  • the mold presses the first base, and vibrates back and forth with the second base parallel to the direction of the mold, and relative to the bearing table along the horizontal direction parallel to the ground plane, to generate vibration on the functional layer Local friction, so that the local functional layer next to the mold is more easily pulverized and pushed to both sides, while the first substrate and the second substrate become locally molten near the mold;
  • the functional layer forms a groove structure under the action of local friction, and after the first substrate abuts against the second substrate in a high-temperature molten state, it is cooled and solidified to form a sealing structure;
  • At least one complete sealing structure is formed in the peripheral edge of the dimmer to complete the edge sealing.
  • the range of the vibration frequency is 20KHz-40KHz.
  • the mold includes at least one concave-convex pattern parallel to the outside of the mold, and the width of the concave-convex pattern on the mold ranges from 0.2 mm to 10 mm.
  • the groove structure runs through the peripheral edge of the functional layer and communicates with the surface of the functional layer adjacent to the first substrate and/or the surface of the functional layer adjacent to the second substrate.
  • the dimmer is further provided with a dam structure located on the periphery of the groove structure, and after the "form at least one sealing structure in the outer peripheral edge of the dimmer and complete the edge sealing", the The manufacturing method of the dimming member also includes:
  • the dam structure is excised.
  • the surface of the first substrate and/or the second substrate facing away from the functional layer is provided with a filling portion.
  • the thickness of the filling portion in the stacking direction is 1/3-1/2 times the thickness of the first base or the second base in the stacking direction.
  • a filling portion is provided on a side of the groove structure away from the sealing structure.
  • the present application also provides a light-transmitting component, the light-transmitting component includes a first light-transmitting member, a second light-transmitting member and a light-adjusting member, and the light-adjusting member is located between the first light-transmitting member and the light-transmitting member. between the second light-transmitting members.
  • the present application further provides a vehicle, the vehicle includes a light-transmitting component.
  • Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the vehicle that the embodiment of the present application provides;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a light-transmitting component provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the light-transmitting assembly shown in Fig. 2 along line A-A;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a dimmer provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the dimmer shown in Fig. 4 along the line B-B;
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the dimming element shown in Fig. 4 along line C-C;
  • Fig. 7 is a connection relationship diagram between the first electrode and the first insulator provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a diagram of the connection relationship between the second electrode and the second insulator provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is another cross-sectional view of the dimmer shown in Fig. 4 along line B-B;
  • FIG. 10 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a dimming element provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 12 is a sectional view of the structure shown in Fig. 11 along the D-D line;
  • Fig. 13 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 14 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 15 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 16 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 17 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 18 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 19 is a layout diagram of the first electrode and the second electrode provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 20 is another layout diagram of the first electrode and the second electrode provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 21 is a flow chart of a manufacturing method of a dimmer provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 22 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 21;
  • Fig. 23 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 21;
  • Fig. 24 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 21;
  • Fig. 25 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 21;
  • Fig. 26 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 21;
  • Fig. 27 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 21;
  • Fig. 28 is a flow chart of a manufacturing method of a dimmer provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 29 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 28;
  • Fig. 30 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a dimmer provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 31 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 30;
  • Fig. 32 is a flow chart of a manufacturing method of a dimmer provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 33 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 32;
  • Fig. 34 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 32;
  • Fig. 35 is a flow chart of a manufacturing method of a dimmer provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 36 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 35;
  • Fig. 37 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 35;
  • Fig. 38 is a flow chart of a manufacturing method of a dimmer provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 39 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 38;
  • Fig. 40 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 38;
  • Fig. 41 is a flow chart of a manufacturing method of a dimmer provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 42 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 41;
  • Fig. 43 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 41;
  • Fig. 44 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 41;
  • Fig. 45 is a structural diagram corresponding to the manufacturing method of the dimming element shown in Fig. 41;
  • Fig. 46 is a schematic diagram of a sealing structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 47 is a schematic diagram of a sealing structure provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 48 is a schematic top view of the light-adjustable film provided in Embodiment (1) of the present application.
  • Figure 49 is a schematic cross-sectional view along line I-I in Figure 48;
  • Fig. 50 is a side view of the sealing edge of the first base with filler provided in Embodiment (2) of the present application;
  • Fig. 51 is a side view of the sealing structure providing the molten filling part of the first base in Embodiment (3) of the present application;
  • Fig. 52 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the multi-channel sealing structure of the dimming film provided in the fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 53 is a schematic diagram of the step structure provided in Embodiment (5) of the present application.
  • Fig. 54 is a schematic top view of the dimming film provided in Embodiment (6) of the present application.
  • Fig. 55 is a schematic flow chart of the edge sealing method of the dimming film provided in Embodiment (7) of the present application;
  • Fig. 56 is a schematic diagram of the mold and the carrying platform provided in the embodiment (eight) of the present application;
  • FIG. 57 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the dimming component provided in Embodiment (9) of the present application.
  • FIG. 58 is a schematic top view of the vehicle provided in Embodiment (10) of the present application.
  • Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 are used below to introduce various aspects of the dimming element provided by the present application.
  • Example 1 comes from the previous application with application number 202111004531.4
  • Example 2 comes from the previous application with application number 202110749492.4.
  • the numbering of each part of the dimming element in embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 is different, they are essentially the same, that is to say, the features in embodiment 1 can be applied to embodiment 2, and similarly, embodiment 2 The features in 2 can also be applied to embodiment 1.
  • vehicle 1 can be but not limited to sedan, multi-purpose vehicle (MPV), sports utility vehicle (SUV), off-road vehicle (ORV), pick-up truck, van , passenger cars, trucks, etc.
  • MPV multi-purpose vehicle
  • SUV sports utility vehicle
  • ORV off-road vehicle
  • pick-up truck van
  • passenger cars passenger cars, trucks, etc.
  • the vehicle 1 includes the light-transmitting component 10 described in any of the following embodiments.
  • the vehicle 1 may further include a vehicle frame 20 , and the light-transmitting component 10 is directly or indirectly carried on the vehicle frame 20 .
  • the light-transmitting component 10 is used to transmit light, so as to ensure sufficient light in the vehicle and provide vision for the occupants in the vehicle.
  • the light-transmitting component 10 can be a front windshield, a rear windshield, a sunroof, a door window, a rear side window, etc. of the vehicle 1 .
  • the light-transmitting component 10 can change the light transmittance (thus causing the change of the haze), that is, the light-transmitting component 10 is highly transparent when powered on, and is hazy and opaque when powered off.
  • the so-called opacity does not mean that the light is completely blocked by the light-transmitting component 10, but that the light-transmitting component 10 blocks most of the light, so that the outside of the car cannot see the inside of the car, and the inside of the car cannot see the outside of the car. Part of the light can enter the car through the light-transmitting component 10, thereby preventing the car from completely entering darkness.
  • the present application also provides a light-transmitting assembly 10 , which includes a light-transmitting element 120 and a dimming element 110 described in any of the following implementation manners.
  • the light adjusting element 110 is carried on the light transmitting element 120 .
  • the light-transmitting member 120 is made of a transparent material, and its material may be, but not limited to, glass, plastic, and the like.
  • the light-transmitting member 120 may include a transparent first light-transmitting member 121 and a second light-transmitting member 122 .
  • the dimmer 110 is disposed between the first light-transmitting member 121 and the second light-transmitting member 122 , so that the dimmer 110 can be protected by the first light-transmitting member 121 and the second light-transmitting member 122 .
  • the transparent component 10 further includes a transparent first connection layer 130 and a second connection layer 140 .
  • the first transparent member 121 is bonded to the dimming member 110 through the first connecting layer 130 .
  • the second transparent member 122 is bonded to the dimming member 110 through the second connection layer 140 .
  • the shape of the light-transmitting component 10 can be, but not limited to, a circle, an ellipse, a positive direction, a rectangle, and the like.
  • the light-transmitting component 10 can be applied in, but not limited to, windows of vehicles 1 , windows of houses, partition doors of bathrooms, partition doors of meeting rooms, and the like.
  • the dimmer 110 in the light-transmitting component 10 provided in the above-mentioned embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • the present application also provides a dimming element 110 , the dimming element 110 includes a first electrode 111 , a second electrode 112 , and a dimming film 113 .
  • the light-adjusting film 113 includes a first base 1131a, a first conductive layer 1131b, a light-adjusting layer 1133, a second conductive layer 1132b, and a second base 1132a which are sequentially stacked.
  • the light-adjusting layer 1133 , the first conductive layer 1131b and the second conductive layer 1132b form a receiving space Z.
  • the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112 are disposed in the accommodation space Z.
  • the first electrode 111 is attached to a side of the first conductive layer 1131b away from the first substrate 1131a, so that the first electrode 111 is electrically connected to the first conductive layer 1131b.
  • the second electrode 112 is attached to a side of the second conductive layer 1132b away from the second substrate 1132a, so that the second electrode 112 is electrically connected to the second conductive layer 1132b.
  • the material of the first base 1131a and the second base 1132a is preferably polyethylene terephthalate (PET), also can be polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyimide (PI), polyethylene naphthalate It is composed of polymers such as ethylene glycol ester (PEN).
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PVA polyvinyl alcohol
  • PI polyimide
  • PEN polyethylene glycol ester
  • the material of the first conductive layer 1131b and the second conductive layer 1132b is preferably tin-doped indium oxide (also known as indium tin oxide, ITO), or fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) or aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO). It can also be a material formed by doping these materials and then doping metal gold, silver, copper, etc.
  • ITO indium tin oxide
  • FTO fluorine-doped tin oxide
  • AZO aluminum-doped zinc oxide
  • the dimming layer 1133 can be polymer dispersed liquid crystal (polymer dispersed liquid crystal, PDLC), electrochromic (Electrochromic, EC), nano light valve (light value, LV), suspended particle (Suspended- Particle Devices, SPD), liquid crystal (Liquid Crystal, LC) and other dimming materials.
  • PDLC polymer dispersed liquid crystal
  • electrochromic Electrochromic
  • EC electrochromic
  • nano light valve light value, LV
  • suspended particle Supended- Particle Devices, SPD
  • liquid crystal Liquid Crystal, LC
  • the dimming member 110 may further include a first insulating member 114 for wrapping the first electrode 111 .
  • the first insulating member 114 has a first opening K1 to expose one side of the first electrode 111 .
  • the side of the first electrode 111 exposed in the first opening K1 is electrically connected to the first conductive layer 1131b.
  • the side of the first insulating member 114 facing away from the first opening K1 is connected to the second conductive layer 1132b, so that the first electrode 111 and the second conductive layer 1132b are insulated.
  • the dimming member 110 may further include a second insulating member 115 for wrapping the second electrode 112 .
  • the second insulating member 115 has a second opening K2 to expose one side of the second electrode 112 .
  • a side of the second electrode 112 exposed in the second opening K2 is electrically connected to the second conductive layer 1132b.
  • a side of the second insulating member 115 away from the second opening K2 is connected to the first conductive layer 1131b, so that the second electrode 112 is insulated from the first conductive layer 1131b.
  • the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112 are used to connect to a power source, and the power source may be a current source or a voltage source.
  • the power source may be a current source or a voltage source.
  • the dimmer 110 When the dimmer 110 is energized, an electric field is formed between the first conductive layer 1131b and the second conductive layer 1132b, and the dimmer layer 1133 changes from the first state to the second state under the action of the electric field, and the dimmer in the second state
  • the optical layer 1133 can transmit most of the light, so that the dimming element 110 is in a transparent state, and at this time, the haze level of the dimming element 110 is the lowest, and the haze is the smallest.
  • the dimming layer 1133 can be in the third state by controlling the intensity of the electric field formed between the first conductive layer 1131b and the second conductive layer 1132b, so that the dimming element 110 is in a transparent state.
  • the third state includes a plurality of sub-states
  • the dimmer 110 includes a plurality of different haze levels
  • each sub-state corresponds to a haze level, when the intensity of the electric field is greater, the dimmer 110
  • the lower the haze level of 110 that is, the greater the transparency of the dimming element 110, so that the dimming element 110 can be switched between multiple (greater than or equal to four) different haze levels, thereby expanding the dimming Applicable scenarios of Item 110.
  • the orthographic projection of the light-adjusting film 113 on the first light-transmitting member 121 all falls within the range of the first light-transmitting member 121
  • the orthographic projection of the light-adjusting film 113 on the second light-transmitting member 122 all falls within the range of the first light-transmitting member 121.
  • the length and width of the light-adjusting film 113 are both less than or equal to the length and width of the first light-transmitting member 121 and the second light-transmitting member 122, thereby facilitating protection
  • the dimming film 113 is not damaged by the outside world.
  • first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112 protrude from the light-adjusting film 113 to the edge of the first light-transmitting member 121 and the second light-transmitting member 122, that is, part of the first electrode 111 and part of the second light-transmitting member
  • the two electrodes 112 are exposed outside the first light-transmitting member 121 and the second light-transmitting member 122 , so as to facilitate the connection of the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112 to a power source.
  • the electrodes are directly inserted into the light-adjusting layer, and the electrodes are spaced apart from the conductive layer.
  • this arrangement will lead to adverse consequences.
  • the dimming layer is usually an insulating material, it is difficult to form an electrical connection between the electrodes and the conductive layer. Even if an electrical connection is formed, the dimming layer between the electrodes and the conductive layer will be a relatively large resistance. When the dimmer is energized, this area will heat up due to high resistance, and after a long time of work, the dimmer may be damaged due to heat accumulation.
  • the voltage distributed to the conductive layer becomes smaller, so that the electric field formed by the conductive layer is not strong enough, and the dimming element always has a certain degree of haze, and cannot enter a highly transparent state.
  • inserting the electrode into the light-adjusting layer will cause the part to be too thick.
  • it is easy to break due to excessive stress. The first light-transmitting member and the second light-transmitting member are broken, and even if they are not broken, air bubbles will be generated due to inconsistent thickness.
  • the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112 are respectively arranged in the storage space Z formed by the first conductive layer 1131b, the dimming layer 1133 and the second conductive layer 1132b, so that the location of the storage space Z will not be affected.
  • the dimmer 110 at the position is too thick, thereby avoiding problems of cracks and air bubbles during the subsequent installation of the first light-transmitting member 121 and the second light-transmitting member 122 .
  • the first electrode 111 is attached to the first conductive layer 1131b to form an electrical connection
  • the second electrode 112 is attached to the second
  • the conductive layer 1132b forms an electrical connection
  • the dimmer layer 1133 distributes the voltage so that the dimmer 110 always has a certain degree of haze. Therefore, the dimmer 110 provided in the present application can ensure normal performance of its own function.
  • the storage space Z includes a first subspace Z1 and a second subspace Z2 arranged at intervals.
  • the first electrode 111 is disposed in the first subspace Z1.
  • the second electrode 112 is disposed in the second subspace Z2. Since the first subspace Z1 and the second subspace Z2 are arranged at intervals, it means that there is no first electrode 111 and second electrode 112 in the interval area between the first subspace Z1 and the second subspace Z2, therefore, the partial regulation
  • the optical layer 1133 can be disposed in the spaced area without the technical problems caused by the above-mentioned light-adjusting layer 1133 .
  • disposing the dimming layer 1133 in the spaced area can increase the total adjustable area of the dimming member 110, that is, the haze can also be adjusted in the spaced area.
  • the shapes of the first subspace Z1 and the second space may be, but not limited to, circular, positive, rectangular, elliptical, triangular, etc.
  • the dimmer 110 further includes a first adhesive layer 1134 and a second adhesive layer 1135 .
  • the first electrode 111 is bonded and electrically connected to the first conductive layer 1131b through the first adhesive layer 1134 .
  • the second electrode 112 is bonded and electrically connected to the second conductive layer 1132b through the second adhesive layer 1135 .
  • the first adhesive layer 1134 and the second adhesive layer 1135 are made of conductive material and have a certain degree of adhesiveness, specifically, but not limited to, conductive adhesive tape, conductive silver paste, anisotropic conductive adhesive, metal tape and the like.
  • first conductive layer 1131b the surfaces of the first conductive layer 1131b, the second conductive layer 1132b, the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112 are difficult to be absolutely flat.
  • the first conductive layer 1131b and the first electrode 111 are used as an example to illustrate below. If the first conductive layer 1131b and the first electrode 111 are in direct contact for electrical connection, there must be a gap between the first conductive layer 1131b and the first electrode 111. The existence of the gap will increase the on-resistance between the first electrode 111 and the first conductive layer 1131b.
  • the first electrode 111 and the first conductive layer 1131b are connected by using the first adhesive layer 1134 with conductivity, so that the above-mentioned resistance can be eliminated or reduced.
  • the first adhesive layer 1134 can fill at least part of the gap between the first electrode 111 and the first wire layer, thereby reducing the above-mentioned resistance, and, after the first adhesive layer 1134 is cured, That is, a firm connection can be formed, so that the peel strength between the first electrode 111 and the first conductive layer 1131b is improved.
  • the second electrode 112 and the second conductive layer 1132b achieve the same effect of conductive bonding through the second adhesive layer 1135 , which will not be described in detail here.
  • the dimmer 110 has a sealing structure M, and at least part of the sealing structure M is disposed along the periphery of the dimmer 110 .
  • the first base 1131a and the second base 1132a at the sealing structure M are connected and fused together, that is, the peripheries of the first base 1131a and the second base 1132a are connected to form the sealing structure M, so that Foreign objects are isolated from the first substrate 1131 a and the second substrate 1132 a to prevent foreign objects from entering the dimming film 113 and damaging the dimming layer 1133 .
  • the peeling strength at the edge of the dimming film 113 can be increased (about 50 times that before unsealing), so as to avoid the separation of the film layers from each other due to bending of the dimming film 113.
  • the sunroof is 3D curved glass
  • the curved area of the dimming film 113 will be subject to greater stress, and there will be a partial probability of peeling off (the gap between the two substrates becomes larger). Therefore, after forming the sealing structure M Then this problem can be overcome.
  • the first connection layer 130 and the second connection layer 140 used to bond the light-transmitting member 120 and the dimming member 110 contain a plasticizer.
  • the inside of the dimming film 113 will contact the dimming layer 1133, thereby causing damage to the dimming layer 1133.
  • the periphery of the dimming layer 1133 fails, and the invalid area cannot exert the corresponding light control function.
  • a sealing structure M is provided on the periphery of the dimmer 110 so as to prevent the plasticizer from entering.
  • the sealing structure M is in the shape of a ravine (or called a depression), and the sealing structure M is 1/3-1/2 shorter than the effective working area of the dimming film 113 .
  • the grooves can all be located on the same side of the light-adjusting film 113 , or can be located on different sides (that is, the concave directions are opposite). Taking the rectangular shape of the sealing structure M as an example, the four grooves can be on the same side (that is, the four grooves have the same concave direction), or they can be on different sides (that is, the four grooves have the same concave direction in part, but not in the same direction).
  • part of the first substrate and part of the second substrate are respectively removed from the opposite sides of the dimming film, thereby exposing part of the first conductive layer and part of the second conductive layer,
  • the exposed first conductive layer is used for electrically connecting the first electrode
  • the exposed second conductive layer is used for electrically connecting the second electrode.
  • the sealing structure as in the present application cannot be formed in the preset region, so foreign objects (such as Plasticizer) can enter the interior of the dimming film through the preset area, and then cause damage to the dimming film.
  • the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112 are respectively connected to the first conductive layer 1131b and the second conductive layer 1132b from the inside of the dimming film 113, so it is not necessary to remove the first base 1131a and the second base 1132a, Thereby, the sealing structure M described above can be formed.
  • the present application also provides a manufacturing method of the dimming element 110 .
  • the manufacturing method includes but not limited to steps S100, S200, S300, S400, S500, S600, and the introduction of steps S100, S200, S300, S400, S500, S600 is as follows.
  • the dimming film 113 includes a first film layer 1131, a dimming layer 1133 and a second film layer 1132 stacked, please refer to FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 .
  • the first film layer 1131 includes a first substrate 1131a and a first conductive layer 1131b that are stacked.
  • the second film layer 1132 includes a second substrate 1132a and a second conductive layer 1132b that are stacked.
  • the dimming layer 1133 is located between the first conductive layer 1131b and the second conductive layer 1132b. That is to say, the first base 1131a, the first conductive layer 1131b, the dimming layer 1133, the second conductive layer 1132b, and the second base 1132a are sequentially stacked.
  • the shape of the dimming film 113 may be, but not limited to, a circle, a rectangle, an ellipse, a triangle, etc., and a rectangle is used as an example for illustration in this application.
  • the light-adjusting film 113 includes a first area A1 and a second area A2, that is, part of the light-adjusting film 113 forms the first area A1, and another part of the light-adjusting film 113 forms the second area A2.
  • the first area A1 in this application will change as the position of the light-adjusting film 113 changes, that is, when the light-adjusting film 113 in the first area A1 changes from the first position to the second position , the light-adjusting film 113 located at the second position constitutes the first area A1.
  • the preparation process of the dimmer 110 will be described in conjunction with the first area A1 and the second area A2 below.
  • the so-called peeling refers to tearing the first film layer 1131 and the second film layer 1132 apart.
  • the peeling method can be manual, that is, the operator directly tears the first film layer 1131 and the second film layer 1132 by hand.
  • the peeling method can also be mechanical operation.
  • part of the light-adjusting layer 1133 is attached to the first conductive layer 1131b of the first film layer 1131, and another part of the light-adjusting layer 1133 is attached to the second conductive layer 1131b of the second film layer 1132. on the conductive layer 1132b.
  • the second film layer 1132 is fixed, and the first film layer 1131 is peeled away from the second film layer 1132. After the peeling operation is completed, the first area A1 and the second area A2 The first film layer 1131 is connected in a curved or bent shape, as shown in FIG. 13 . In another embodiment, the first film layer 1131 is fixed, and the second film layer 1132 is peeled away from the first film layer 1131. After the peeling operation is completed, the first area A1 and the second area A2 The second film layer 1132 is connected in a curved or bent shape.
  • the first film layer 1131 is peeled toward the second film layer 1132, and at the same time, the second film layer 1132 is peeled away from the first film layer 1131.
  • the first film layer 1131 in the first region A1 and the second region A2 is connected in a curved or bent shape
  • the second film layer 1132 in the first region A1 and the second region A2 is connected in a curved or bent shape.
  • the first region A1 is composed of the peeled first film layer 1131 , the second film layer 1132 , and the light-adjusting layer 1133 .
  • S300 Clear at least a part of the dimming layer 1133 on the first conductive layer 1131b in the first area A1, please refer to FIG. 14 .
  • an organic solvent ethanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, etc.
  • S400 Paste the first electrode 111 on the first conductive layer 1131b located in the first region A1, please refer to FIG. 15 .
  • the first electrode 111 is attached to the side of the first conductive layer 1131b away from the first substrate 1131a, so that the first electrode 111 and the first conductive layer 1131b form an electrical connection relationship.
  • S500 Clear at least a part of the dimming layer 1133 on the second conductive layer 1132b in the first area A1, please refer to FIG. 16 .
  • S600 Paste the second electrode 112 on the second conductive layer 1132b located in the first region A1, please refer to FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 . That is to say, the second electrode 112 is attached on the side of the second conductive layer 1132b away from the second substrate 1132a, so that the second electrode 112 and the second conductive layer 1132b form an electrical connection relationship.
  • steps S300, S400, S500, and S600 are performed in sequence.
  • steps S300 and S500 are first performed sequentially (or simultaneously), and then steps S400 and S600 are performed sequentially (or simultaneously).
  • the light-adjusting layer is not removed, but the electrodes are directly inserted into the light-adjusting layer, and the electrodes are spaced apart from the conductive layer.
  • this arrangement will lead to adverse consequences.
  • the dimming layer is usually an insulating material, it is difficult to form an electrical connection between the electrodes and the conductive layer. Even if an electrical connection is formed, the dimming layer between the electrodes and the conductive layer will be a relatively large resistance.
  • the resistor When the dimmer is energized, the resistor will generate heat, which may damage the dimmer due to heat accumulation after working for a long time.
  • the resistor will also distribute part of the voltage, resulting in insufficient voltage distributed to the conductive layer, so that the electric field strength formed by the conductive layer is not enough, and then the dimmer always has a certain degree of haze and cannot enter a transparent state.
  • inserting the electrode into the light-adjusting layer will cause the part to be too thick, and in the process of sandwiching the light-adjusting element between the first light-transmitting element and the second light-transmitting element, it is easy to cause the first light-transmitting element part and the second light-transmitting part are broken.
  • the first light-transmitting member 121 and the second light-transmitting member 122 please refer to the previous related embodiments.
  • the dimming layer 1133 on the first conductive layer 1131b and the second conductive layer 1132b in the first area A1 has been removed.
  • the dimmer 110, and the dimmer 110 always have a certain technical problem of haze.
  • first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112 can be arranged at the same end of the dimming film 113 (as shown in FIG. 18 ), or at different ends (as shown in FIGS. 19 and 20 ). In this application, the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112 are disposed at the same end for illustration, but it should not be considered as limiting the dimmer 110 provided by this application.
  • the step "S200: Peel the first film layer 1131 and the second film layer 1132 located in the first region A1 away from each other. Opening to reveal the light-adjusting layer 1133" in the first region A1 may include steps S210, S220, S230, and S240, and the introduction of steps S210, S220, S230, and S240 is as follows.
  • the first preset path S1 may be a straight line or a curve.
  • the cutting tool may be, but not limited to, scissors, a blade, etc., as long as the first sub-region A11 can be formed by cutting.
  • the second preset path S2 may be a straight line or a curve.
  • the cutting tool may be, but not limited to, scissors, a blade, etc., as long as the second sub-region A12 can be formed by cutting. It should be noted that the second sub-region A12 does not overlap with the first sub-region A11.
  • steps S210, S220, S230, and S240 are performed in sequence.
  • steps S210 and S230 are first performed sequentially (or simultaneously), and then steps S220 and S240 are performed sequentially (or simultaneously).
  • first preset path S1 and the second preset path S2 are straight lines, they can be parallel to each other (as shown in FIG. 25 ), or perpendicular to each other, or their extension directions intersect.
  • the first area A1 further includes a third sub-area A13, and the third sub-area A13 is located between the first sub-area A11 and the second sub-area A12, that is, the third sub-area A13
  • the first sub-area A11 and the second sub-area A12 are arranged at intervals. Therefore, the third sub-region A13 does not need to be peeled off, and the light-adjusting layer 1133 in the third sub-region A13 does not need to be removed, so that the total adjustable area of the light-adjustable element 110 can be increased.
  • the third sub-region A13 can also realize haze adjustment.
  • the first sub-area A11 and the second sub-area A12 correspond to the first sub-space Z1 and the second sub-space Z2 respectively, that is to say, the first sub-space Z1 is located in the first sub-area A11 Inside, the second sub-space Z2 is located in the first sub-area A11.
  • the first sub-space Z1 and the second sub-space Z2 please refer to the description in the previous structural embodiments.
  • step S300 remove at least part of the light-adjusting layer 1133 on the first conductive layer 1131b in the first region A1" may include step S310,
  • the introduction of step S310 is as follows.
  • S310 Clear the dimming layer 1133 on the first conductive layer 1131b and the second conductive layer 1132b located in the first sub-region A11, please refer to FIG. 29 .
  • the first conductive layer 1131b is used to attach the first electrode 111 .
  • the first film layer 1131 and the second film layer 1132 need to be closed together so that the dimming film 113 returns to the state before it is peeled off.
  • the first electrode 111 is located between the first conductive layer 1131b and the second conductive layer 1132b.
  • the dimming layer 1133 on the second conductive layer 1132b is not removed, then after being closed, the side of the first electrode 111 facing the second conductive layer 1132b is in contact with the dimming layer 1133 .
  • the light-adjusting film 113 may be exposed to the sun for a long time, for example, the light-adjusting film 113 is applied to the sunroof of the vehicle 1, and it is unavoidable to be exposed to the sun in summer. Exposure to sunlight may cause the dimming layer 1133 to produce some substances that can damage the first electrode 111 , thereby causing damage to the first electrode 111 , which may lead to failure of the dimming element 110 after a period of time.
  • the substance produced by the light-adjusting layer 1133 may also act on the above-mentioned first adhesive layer 1134, so that the adhesive performance of the first adhesive layer 1134 is reduced.
  • the light-adjusting layer 1133 on the first conductive layer 1131b and the second conductive layer 1132b are removed at the same time, so that the above-mentioned problems may be avoided.
  • step S500: remove at least part of the light-adjusting layer 1133 on the second conductive layer 1132b in the first region A1" may include step S510,
  • the introduction of step S510 is as follows.
  • Step S510 Clear the dimming layer 1133 on the first conductive layer 1131b and the second conductive layer 1132b located in the second sub-region A12, please refer to FIG. 31 .
  • Step S510 is the same as the above step S310, and the introduction of step S510 can refer to the description in the above step S310, which will not be repeated here.
  • the step "S400: Attach the first electrode 111 on the first conductive layer 1131b located in the first region A1" may include steps S410 and S420, regarding step S410 , The introduction of S420 is as follows.
  • S410 Form a first adhesive layer 1134 on the surface of the first conductive layer 1131b located in the first region A1 away from the first substrate 1131a, or form a first adhesive layer on the surface of the first electrode 111 Layer 1134, please refer to FIG. 33 .
  • the first adhesive layer 1134 may be formed on the first conductive layer 1131b first, and then the first electrode 111 is attached on the first conductive layer 1131b. In another implementation manner, the first adhesive layer 1134 may also be formed on the first electrode 111 first, and then the first electrode 111 is attached on the first conductive layer 1131b.
  • the first adhesive layer 1134 can be, but not limited to, conductive adhesive tape, conductive silver paste, anisotropic conductive adhesive, metal tape and other materials with adhesive and conductive capabilities. The conductive silver paste is used for illustration.
  • the conductive silver paste is coated on the surface of the first conductive layer 1131b away from the first substrate 1131a, and then the first electrode 111 is attached on the conductive silver paste, and finally The conductive silver paste can be cured by drying, so that the first electrode 111 is firmly bonded to the first conductive layer 1131b.
  • the conductive silver paste may also be coated on the first electrode 111 first, and then the first electrode 111 is attached to the first conductive layer 1131b through the conductive silver paste. Finally, the conductive silver paste can be cured by drying, so that the first electrode 111 is firmly bonded to the first conductive layer 1131b.
  • the step "S600: attaching the second electrode 112 on the second conductive layer 1132b located in the first region A1" may include steps S610 and S620, regarding step S610 ,
  • the introduction of S620 is as follows.
  • S610 Form a second adhesive layer 1135 on the surface of the second conductive layer 1132b located in the first region A1 away from the second substrate 1132a, or form a second adhesive layer on the surface of the second electrode 112 Layer 1135, please refer to FIG. 36 .
  • steps S610 and S620 For the introduction of steps S610 and S620, refer to the descriptions of the above steps S410 and S420 correspondingly, and details will not be repeated here.
  • step S700 may also be included.
  • the introduction about S700 is as follows.
  • S700 Form a sealing structure M on the periphery of the dimming film 113, wherein the first base 1131a and the second base 1132a at the sealing structure M are connected, please refer to FIG. 39 and FIG. 40 .
  • the so-called peripheral edge refers to the edge of the dimming film 113, that is to say, the sealing structure M is formed at the edge of the dimming film 113, and after the sealing structure M is formed, the first substrate 1131a and the second substrate at the corresponding positions 1132a are connected together, so that foreign objects can be prevented from entering the interior of the dimming film 113 .
  • the first conductive layer is between the first substrate 1131a and the second substrate 1132a 1131b, a dimming layer 1133, and a second conductive layer 1132b.
  • the first conductive layer 1131b between the first substrate 1131a and the second substrate 1132a are the first conductive layer 1131b, the second conductive layer 1132b, the first electrode 111, and the second conductive layer 1132b.
  • the two electrodes 112 , the first adhesive layer 1134 , and the second adhesive layer 1135 please refer to the related drawings in the previous embodiments for details.
  • the sealing structure M intersects the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112, and except the positions of the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112, the first substrate 1131a and The second substrate 1132a is connected, that is, only the first substrate 1131a and the second substrate 1132a at the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112 are separated.
  • part of the first substrate and part of the second substrate are removed to reveal part of the first conductive layer and part of the second conductive layer, and then the second substrate is directly One electrode is attached to the first conductive layer, and the second electrode is attached to the second conductive layer.
  • This process does not involve the above peeling operation.
  • this preparation method cannot form a sealing structure as shown in the present application at the position where the electrode is placed, and foreign objects (such as plasticizers) can enter the interior of the dimming film through this position, thereby causing damage to the dimming film.
  • the first electrode 111 and the second electrode 112 are respectively connected to the first conductive layer 1131b and the second conductive layer 1132b from the inside of the dimming film 113, so there is no need to remove the first base 1131a and the second base 1132a , so that the above-mentioned sealing structure M can be formed.
  • the peeling strength at the edge of the dimming film 113 can be increased (about 50 times that before unsealing), so as to avoid the separation of the film layers from each other due to bending of the dimming film 113.
  • the sunroof is a 3D curved surface
  • the curved area of the dimming film 113 will be subject to greater stress, and there will be a partial probability of peeling off (the gap between the two substrates becomes larger), therefore, after the sealing structure M is formed, then This problem can be overcome.
  • the step “S700: form a sealing structure M on the periphery of the dimming film 113, wherein the first substrate 1131a and the second substrate 1132a at the sealing structure M "Connecting" may include steps S710, S720, and S730, and the introduction of steps S710, S720, and S730 is as follows.
  • S710 Provide the first workpiece 2 and the second workpiece 3, please refer to FIG. 42 .
  • the first processing part 2 abuts against the first base 1131 a of the light-adjusting film 113
  • the second processing part 3 abuts against the second base 1132 a of the light-adjusting film 113 .
  • S730 Form a sealing structure M on the periphery of the dimming film 113 by using the cooperation of the first processing part 2 and the second processing part 3, that is, the periphery of the first base 1131a and the second base 1132a connected to form the sealing structure M, please refer to FIG. 44 .
  • the first processing part 2 is a carrying platform, which is used to carry the dimming film 113 , and its shape can be, but not limited to, a circle, an ellipse, a rectangle, and the like.
  • the second processing part 3 is in the shape of a wheel, and is used to cooperate with the first processing part 2 to form a tight abutting effect on the dimming film 113 .
  • the first processing part 2 can rotate, and the second processing part 3 can vibrate.
  • the first base at the edge of the dimming film 113 1131a and the second substrate 1132a are fused together to form the sealing structure M and obtain the dimmer 110 .
  • the sealing structure M is in the shape of a ravine (or called a depression), and the sealing structure M is 1/3-1/2 shorter than the effective working area of the dimming film 113 .
  • the grooves can all be located on the same side of the light-adjusting film 113 , or can be located on different sides (that is, the concave directions are opposite). Taking the rectangular shape of the sealing structure M as an example, the four grooves can be on the same side (that is, the four grooves have the same concave direction), or they can be on different sides (that is, the four grooves have the same concave direction in part, but not in the same direction).
  • the first processing part 2 can rotate relative to the dimming film 113. During the rotation, there is sliding friction between the first processing part 2 and the first base 1131a, and the sliding friction will generate heat so that the temperature of the first base 1131a raised.
  • the second processing part 3 can drive the dimming film 113 to vibrate (high-frequency vibration) relative to the first processing part 2.
  • the vibration between the first processing part 2 and the first base 1131a, and the A high-frequency pressing effect will be formed between the workpiece 3 and the second base 1132a to form high-frequency friction. Therefore, under the joint action of the first workpiece 2 and the second workpiece 3, the first substrate 1131a and the second substrate 1132a will heat up and reach a state of regional melting, and then fuse together. Sealing structure M with good sealing effect. It should be noted that, during the vibration process, the first conductive layer 1131b, the second conductive layer 1132b, and the dimming layer 1133 corresponding to the first workpiece 2 are crushed.
  • the second processing part 3 can rotate around the preset axis L, and the preset axis L is parallel to the direction of the first processing part 2 toward the second processing part 3, defining the second processing
  • the action point (indirect action) on the workpiece 3 that is abutted by the first workpiece 2 is the abutment point O, and the distance from the preset axis L to the abutment point O is greater than or equal to the preset distance H, and the preset distance H is greater than zero.
  • the contact point O since the preset distance H is set to be greater than zero, during the rotation of the second workpiece 3 around the preset axis L, the contact point O will also rotate around the preset axis L, that is to say , the abutting point O is a changing point, so as to prevent the first workpiece 2 from repeatedly acting on the same point on the second workpiece 3, thereby avoiding the formation of the above-mentioned depression.
  • the change of the contact point O can also make the sealing structure M form a certain width D (please refer to FIG. 44 ), thereby enhancing the sealing effect of the dimming film 113 .
  • the sealing structure M is generally in the shape of a ring, which may be, but not limited to, a circular ring, a rectangular ring (as shown in FIG. 44 ), an elliptical ring, and the like.
  • the specific shape can be determined according to the direction of the edge of the light-adjusting film 113 , which is not limited here.
  • openings can be added around the edges of the dimming film 113 to avoid wrinkles in the light-transmitting member 120 with a 3D curved surface.
  • the first processing part 2 needs to move along the predetermined path relative to the dimming film 113. It is assumed that the direction (overall shape of the sealing structure M) moves to abut against different positions on the dimming film 113 to form the sealing structure M step by step.
  • the formation of the sealing structure M along the preset direction can be realized only by the movement of the first processing part 2, or can be realized by driving the movement of the dimming film 113 by the second processing part 3, or can be realized by driving the movement of the dimming film 113 by other foreign objects. .
  • the sealing structure M may include a first substructure M1 , a second substructure M2 and a third substructure M3 .
  • the first sub-structure M1 is formed at the junction of the first sub-region A11 and the third sub-region A13.
  • the second sub-structure M2 is formed at the junction of the second sub-region A12 and the third sub-region A13.
  • the third substructure M3 is formed along the edge of the light adjusting film 113 for sealing the edge of the light adjusting film 113 .
  • first sub-area A11, the second sub-area A12, and the third sub-area A13 are cut along the first preset path S1 and the second preset path S2, therefore, the first preset path S1 There is an opening at the position of and the second predetermined path S2, and this opening also needs to be sealed.
  • the first substructure M1 is formed along the first preset path S1, that is, the first substructure M1 is formed on the first preset path S1, and The direction of the first preset path S1 is the same, as shown in FIG. 46 .
  • the first preset path S1 is surrounded by the first substructure M1 and the third substructure M3, that is, the first substructure M1 and the third substructure M3 form an enclosing circle, and the first preset path Assume that the path S1 is located within the enclosing circle, as shown in FIG. 47 .
  • the second substructure M2 is formed along the second preset path S2, that is, the second substructure M2 is formed on the second preset path S2, and The direction of the second preset path S2 is the same, as shown in FIG. 46 .
  • the second preset path S2 is surrounded by the second substructure M2 and the third substructure M3, that is, the second substructure M2 and the third substructure M3 form an enclosing circle, and the second preset path S2 Assume that path S2 is located within the encircling circle, as shown in FIG. 47 .
  • FIG. 48 is a schematic top view of the dimming element provided in the implementation (1) mode of this application;
  • Figure 49 is a section along the line I-I in Figure 48 View schematic diagram.
  • the dimming element 1 includes a dimming film, and the dimming film includes a first base 11, a functional layer 12 and a second base 13 which are sequentially stacked; a sealing structure 15 is provided on the periphery of the functional layer 12; The sealing structure 15 is formed by wrapping the functional layer 12 with the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 13 .
  • the functional layer 12 includes a first conductive layer 121 , a dimming layer 122 and a second conductive layer 123 which are sequentially stacked.
  • the light-adjusting layer 122 When voltage or current is applied to the first conductive layer 121 and the second conductive layer 123, the light-adjusting layer 122 is energized, and the light-adjusting element 1 enters an energized state; when the first conductive layer 121 and the When no voltage or current is applied to the second conductive layer 123, the dimming layer 122 is powered off, and the dimming element 1 is in a powered off state.
  • the dimmer 1 can also be controlled in other ways to adjust the power-on and power-off states, which is not limited in the present application.
  • the functional layer may also have other functions, such as communication or display and other functions, and should not be limited to the function of dimming.
  • the dimmer 1 is a multilayer composite structure that can adjust the reflection or transmission properties of transmitted light, for example, polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), suspended particle device (SPD), dichroic dye liquid crystal film (LC ), electrochromic (EC) film, etc.
  • PDLC polymer dispersed liquid crystal
  • SPD suspended particle device
  • LC dichroic dye liquid crystal film
  • EC electrochromic
  • the light adjusting element 1 is described as an example of PDLC.
  • the functional layer 12 of the light adjusting element 1 is powered off, the haze of the light adjusting element 1 is relatively large.
  • the light passes through the dimmer 1, and the functional layer 12 blocks most of the light, so that the dimmer 1 is in an opaque state when the power is off; when the functional layer 12 of the dimmer 1 is powered on , the functional layer 12 becomes transparent and no longer blocks light, and most of the light passes through the dimming element 1 , so that the dimming element 1 is in a transparent state when energized.
  • the functional layer 12 is sensitive to the environment and the gas around the diaphragm, such as water vapor or plasticizer, which will cause the diaphragm around the functional layer to lose its dimming ability, and may continue to deteriorate as time increases and the temperature increases. Therefore, it is necessary to Edge sealing is performed on the functional layer 12 to form the sealing structure 15 to effectively protect the functional layer 12 .
  • the sealing structure 15 is formed on the outer periphery of the outer edge of the dimmer 1 in a completely closed manner. Therefore, the dimmer 110 provided in the present application can ensure normal performance of its own function.
  • the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 13 are locally rubbed with high frequency near the processing mold, and the local conductive layer and functional layer 12 materials between the two substrates are crushed and flow to the two substrates.
  • the peeling strength of the dimmer 1 is effectively enhanced, and the overall mechanical strength is relatively high.
  • there will be no short circuit between the first conductive layer 121 and the second conductive layer 123 which improves the yield and reliability of the product.
  • the dimmer 1 includes a first base 11, a functional layer 12, and a second base 13 that are sequentially stacked, and the first base 11 and the second base 12 respectively include a base main body 1a and the base edge portion 1b, the base main body portion 1a, 1b is used to hold or clamp the functional layer 12, and the base edge portion 1b forms a sealing structure for covering the functional layer 12.
  • the total thickness of the first substrate 11 and the first conductive layer 121 in the stacking direction is the same as the thickness of the first substrate 12 and the second conductive layer 13 in the stacking direction.
  • the total thickness is the same, about 187 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the dimming layer 122 in the stacking direction is about 11 ⁇ m, that is to say, the total thickness of the dimming element 1 in the stacking direction is about 385 ⁇ m.
  • At least one groove structure 14 is provided on the outer edge of the dimming element 1 , and the sealing structure is located at the groove structure 14 .
  • the length of the groove structure 14 in the stacking direction is about 270 ⁇ m. In other possible embodiments, the length of the groove structure 14 in the stacking direction may change due to changes in actual operations. .
  • the thickness of the first conductive layer 121 and the second conductive layer 123 in the stacking direction is relatively small, and the thickness value is usually on the order of hundreds of nm, which is far below 5 ⁇ m, and they are respectively different from the first conductive layer 121 and the second conductive layer 123.
  • the substrate 11 and the second substrate 13 are very closely combined, therefore, in this application, the first conductive layer 121 and the second conductive layer 123 can be approximately regarded as the first substrate 11 in the lamination direction. Or a part of the second substrate 13 .
  • the material in the light-adjusting layer 122 at the groove structure 14 will be extruded, so that the groove structure is transparent or translucent.
  • the sealing structure 15 is integrated with the first substrate 11 and/or the second substrate 13 .
  • the sealing structure 15 is formed by melting and shrinking the first substrate 11 and/or the second substrate 13 toward the direction of the functional layer 12 .
  • the longitudinal section of the groove structure 14 located on the first base 11 is trapezoidal, and in other possible implementation manners, the longitudinal section of the groove structure 14 may also be Rectangular, elliptical, etc., the present application does not limit this.
  • the groove structure 14 runs through the functional layer 12 and communicates with the surface of the functional layer 12 adjacent to the first substrate 11 and/or the surface of the functional layer 12 adjacent to the second substrate 13 .
  • the first substrate 11 in a high-temperature molten state flows through the groove structure 14 to the second substrate 13 and fills the groove structure 14 to form the sealing structure 15 due to the action of gravity.
  • the second substrate 13 in a high-temperature molten state may also flow to the first substrate 11 through the groove structure 14 due to the action of gravity; it may also be The first substrate 11 and the second substrate 13 fill the groove structure 14 at the same time, which is not limited in the present application.
  • the sealing structure 15 is formed by melting and contracting the first substrate 11 toward the direction of the functional layer 12, and the first substrate 11 is away from the functional layer 12. One side is at least partially invaginated.
  • FIG. 50 is a schematic diagram of raising the first base provided in the second embodiment of the present application.
  • the corresponding part of the first base 11 is pre-filled with a raised part to form a filling portion 111, and the first base 11 melts and flows into the groove structure 14.
  • the filling part 111 can complement the sunken part of the first substrate 11 and is melted so that the side of the first substrate 11 facing away from the functional layer 12 is relatively flat.
  • the thickness of the filling portion 111 in the stacking direction is 1/3-1/2 times the thickness of the first base 11 or the second base 13 in the stacking direction.
  • FIG. 51 is a schematic diagram of filling the first substrate provided in Embodiment (3) of the present application.
  • the difference between this embodiment (3) and embodiment (2) is that, while forming the groove structure 14, the filling part 111 is filled in the recessed part of the first base 11, so that the first The surface of the substrate 11 away from the functional layer 12 is relatively flat.
  • the groove structure 14 basically disappears, and the cost is increased but it is more beautiful.
  • the dimming element 1 is applied to such as a frameless car window (but not limited thereto)
  • the material of the filling part 111 and the first base 11 can be the same or different; the so-called “filling up” can be roughly filling up, that is, the upper surface of the main body part of the base body and the filling part are approximately equal to each other. flush, or completely filled, so that the main body of the base body is flush with the upper surface of the filling portion. It can be understood that the groove structure 14 may also be formed first, and then the sealing structure 15 is “filled up” with the filling portion 111 .
  • Fig. 52 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the dimming element provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • the longitudinal section of the sealing structure 15 at the groove structure 14 is U-shaped or I-shaped or II-shaped or III-shaped or a combination thereof.
  • the longitudinal section of the sealing structure 15 at the groove structure 14 is U-shaped; as shown in Figure 52, the longitudinal section of the sealing structure 15 at the groove structure 14 is The cut surface is type III.
  • the sealing structure 15 of type III and the first base 11 and the second base 13 can be regarded as having 6 force-bearing contact surfaces, while the sealing structure 15 of type U and the second base 13
  • the first base 11 and the second base 13 can be regarded as having two force-bearing contact surfaces. Therefore, under other conditions being the same, the III-type sealing structure 15 can provide stronger peel strength than the U-type sealing structure 15 .
  • the U-shaped sealing structure 15 is easier and more convenient to manufacture than the III-shaped sealing structure 15 .
  • sealing structure 15 has different adjustments to the peeling strength of the dimmer 1 .
  • the accompanying drawings 49 and 52 of this application are only some possible implementations, which do not mean that this application limits the shape of the sealing structure 15 .
  • the sealing structure 15 may also have other shapes, which are not limited in the present application.
  • the groove structure 14 includes a step structure or a groove structure.
  • a dam structure 16 is provided on the periphery of the groove structure 14, and the dam structure 16 connects the dimmer 1 around the groove and the dimmer 1 inside the groove. 1 Complete electrical isolation, the distance between the dam structure 16 and the groove structure 14 is 0.5mm-10mm.
  • the dam structure 16 includes the first base 11 , the functional layer 12 and the second base 13 which are partially stacked in sequence, but after the edge sealing of the dimmer 1 is completed, , the dam structure 16 loses its dimming effect, and exists as a further protection of the sealing structure 15 .
  • the distance between the dam structure 16 and the groove structure 14 is 0.5mm-10mm, preferably, the distance between the dam structure 16 and the groove structure 14 is 3mm-7mm, Specifically, the distance between the dam structure 16 and the groove structure 14 may be 5.1 mm, 5.7 mm, 6.4 mm, etc., which is not limited in the present application.
  • FIG. 53 is a schematic diagram of the stepped structure provided in Embodiment (5) of the present application.
  • the dam structure 16 in the groove structure 14 is cut off to form the dimming element 1 with almost no non-dimming area, so as to meet the emerging demand for borderless dimming laminated glass or other components and structures. .
  • the dimming element 1 further includes a conductive element 17, and the conductive element 17 is electrically connected to the first conductive layer 121 and the second conductive layer 123 respectively. connect.
  • the conductive element 17 is used to transmit current to the first conductive layer 121 and the second conductive layer 123 , so that the dimming element 1 enters an electrified state. It can be understood that when the conductive member 17 stops transmitting current to the first conductive layer 121 and the second conductive layer 123 , the dimming member 1 enters a power-off state.
  • the conductive member 17 includes a first electrode and a second electrode. Wherein, the first electrode is electrically connected to the first conductive layer 121 , and the second electrode is electrically connected to the second conductive layer 123 .
  • FIG. 54 is a schematic top view of the dimmer provided in Embodiment (6) of the present application.
  • the dimmer 1 further includes at least one notch 18 , and the opening direction of the notch 18 may be substantially perpendicular to the stacking direction of the dimmer 1 outward.
  • the opening direction of the notch 18 is shown by the arrow in FIG. 54 .
  • the opening shape of the notch 18 is U-shaped.
  • the shape of the notch 18 can also be V-shaped or other shapes, and the size can also be different. Size matching is not listed in the drawings, and the application does not limit the shape of the notch 18 . It should be added that the notch is preferably formed before the dimmer is sealed.
  • At least one notch 18 is provided on the periphery of the dimming member 1, so that the area of the notch 18 of the dimming member 1 after molding is hidden in the dimming area. Under the black edge of piece 1, it can effectively avoid wrinkles. Then, sealing the area of the notch 18 and the outer periphery of the dimming element 1 can isolate the functional layer 12 of the dimming element 1 from the outside world, avoiding the influence of external water vapor and plasticizer.
  • the present application also provides a manufacturing method of the dimming element, please refer to FIG. 55 , which is a schematic flow chart of the manufacturing method of the dimming element provided in Embodiment (7) of the present application.
  • the manufacturing method of the dimmer includes steps S801, S802, S803, S804, S805, and S806. Details of steps S801, S802, S803, S804, S805, and S806 are as follows.
  • dimming element 1 please refer to the above description, and details are not repeated here.
  • FIG. 56 is a schematic diagram of the mold and the carrying platform provided in the eighth embodiment of the present application.
  • the mold 2 is in the shape of a circular wheel and abuts against the first base 11 .
  • the carrying table vibrates at high frequency, pulverizes the part of the functional layer of the first substrate 11 in contact with the mold 2, and pushes them into the mold 2
  • the first substrate and the second substrate are directly rubbed and melted at high temperature; the submillimeter membrane edge sealing is completed in sub-seconds; the round wheel continues to rotate at a constant speed, and the above process is repeated at the new position.
  • the edge banding work is carried out continuously until the outer perimeter is fully closed and complete edge banding is completed.
  • the carrying platform 3 can be a circular anvil with a flat surface, which abuts against the second base 13 and is used to carry the dimming element 1 .
  • the mold 2 is also used to drive the dimmer 1 to perform a translational movement on the bearing platform 3 along the rolling direction of the mold 2, so as to adjust the dimmer 1 differently. Parts are polished.
  • the mold presses the first base, and vibrates back and forth with the second base parallel to the direction of the mold and relative to the bearing table along the horizontal direction parallel to the ground plane, to generate partial vibration on the functional layer friction;
  • the mold 2 grinds the first substrate 11, the first substrate 11 and the functional layer 12 will generate local friction due to continuous vibration and displacement.
  • the direction of the mold 2 vibrates at a high frequency, and drives the second base 13 to vibrate and displace, thereby causing local friction between the second base 13 and the functional layer 12, and the local frictional heat generation temperature rises, Make it easier for the local functional layer next to the mold to be pulverized and pushed to both sides, while the first substrate and the second substrate become molten locally near the mold;
  • the structural strength of the dimming layer 122 is weaker than that of the first conductive layer 121 and the second conductive layer 123, the first base 11 and the second base Under the local friction of 13, the light-adjusting layer 122 in the functional layer 12 is firstly removed by friction, and pushed by the mold 2 to gather on both sides of the mold 2 in the grinding direction. Further, the first conductive layer 121 and the second conductive layer 123 rub against and tear each other, and are pushed and gathered by the mold 2 on both sides of the grinding direction of the mold 2 to form the Groove structure 14.
  • the functional layer forms a groove structure under the action of local friction, and after the first substrate abuts against the second substrate in a high-temperature molten state, it is cooled and solidified to form a dense sealing structure;
  • the local temperature of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 13 rises rapidly under continuous local friction, and after passing through the softening temperature, they reach a melting temperature and then partially melt.
  • the melted part of the first substrate 11 flows to the second substrate 13 due to gravity, and merges with the melted part of the second substrate 13 to form a groove structure.
  • the sealing structure 15 is formed after the melted parts of the first base 11 and the second base 13 are cooled and solidified, and the sealing structure 15 is firmly connected to the first base 11 and the second base 13 to strengthen The peel strength of the overall structure of the dimmer 1 is improved.
  • the so-called peel strength refers to the maximum force required when the materials pasted together are peeled per unit width from the contact surface.
  • the peel strength of the dimmer 1 at a peeling angle of 180° is 0.059 N (Newton)/mm; after the sealing structure 15 is formed, Under the same peeling angle, the peeling strength at the sealing structure 15 is 2.5 N/mm, which is 50 times higher.
  • step S804 is completed within 0.01-100 milliseconds by adjusting parameters such as the grinding speed of the mold 2 and the vibration frequency of the bearing table 3 . It can be understood that, for example, increasing the grinding speed of the mold 2 and increasing the vibration frequency of the carrier table 3 can shorten the time-consuming process of step S804; and vice versa, slowing down the grinding speed of the mold 2, The reduced vibration frequency of the carrying platform 3 can prolong the time-consuming process of step S804, which is not limited in the present application and can be adjusted according to actual conditions.
  • the dimmer 1 can be driven to move by the rolling of the mold 2, so that the above steps can be repeated at different parts of the dimmer 1 to form a plurality of continuous dimmers.
  • the sealing structure 15 makes the continuous sealing structure 15 form a whole, and communicates with the two opposite boundaries of the dimmer 1 perpendicular to the stacking direction to complete the edge sealing.
  • the above steps can also be repeated on the other side of the dimming element 1 to form another sealing structure that communicates with the opposite borders of the dimming element 1 perpendicular to the stacking direction. 15. It can be understood that the functional layer 12 located between the adjacent sealing structures 15 is protected by the sealing structure 15 to avoid damage to the functional layer 12 by external ambient gas or solvent.
  • the sealing structure 15 is basically transparent or translucent.
  • the PDLC is an opaque film with high haze
  • the SPD and EC are colored films. Therefore, the manufacturing method of the dimming element provided in the present application has a high degree of visualization, and the integrity and reliability of the sealing edge can be judged according to the transparency of the sealing structure 15 of the dimming element 1 and other characteristics.
  • the first substrate 11 after the first substrate 11 is melted at high temperature, it flows into and fills the groove structure 14, so that the first substrate 11 forms the sealing structure 15 after cooling and solidifying.
  • the sealing structure 15 is firmly connected to the second base 13 , which enhances the peeling strength of the dimmer 1 .
  • the surface structure of the dimmer 1 is relatively uniform, the overall strength is relatively high, and it is not easy to be damaged.
  • the distance between the mold 2 and the carrying platform 3 is smaller than the thickness of the dimmer 1 in the stacking direction.
  • the distance between the mold 2 and the carrying platform 3 is smaller than the thickness of the dimmer 1 in the stacking direction, so that the mold 2 exerts a pressing force on the first base 11 and at the same time , the carrying platform 3 exerts a pressing force on the second base 13 , that is, the dimming element 1 is sandwiched between the mold 2 and the carrying platform 3 .
  • the smaller the distance between the mold 2 and the carrying platform 3 the better the local friction effect of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 13 on the functional layer 12, but in order to avoid the The extrusion force caused by the mold 2 and the bearing platform 3 will cause damage to the dimmer 1, and the distance between the mold 2 and the bearing platform 3 should not be too small.
  • the difference between the thickness of the dimmer 1 in the stacking direction and the distance between the mold 2 and the carrier 3 should be an intensity threshold, and the intensity threshold is based on the intensity threshold of the dimmer 1
  • the hierarchical structure and material of 1 may change, which is not limited in this application.
  • the carrying platform 3 generates high-frequency vibration, and the vibration frequency ranges from 20KHz to 40KHz.
  • the carrying platform 3 generates high-frequency vibrations to drive the second base 13 to vibrate, thereby generating local friction with the functional layer 12 . It can be understood that the vibration frequency of the carrying platform 3 affects the degree of local friction between the second substrate 13 and the functional layer 12 .
  • the vibration frequency of the carrying platform 3 ranges from 20KHz to 40KHz, preferably, the vibration frequency of the carrying platform 3 ranges from 27KHz to 36KHz. Specifically, the vibration frequency of the carrying platform 3 may be 29KHz, 31KHz, or 35KHz, which is not limited in the present application.
  • the mold 2 includes at least one mold 21 surrounding the outside of the mold 2 , and the width of the mold 21 surrounding the mold 2 ranges from 0.2 mm to 10 mm.
  • the mold 2 grinds the first substrate 11, mainly because the mold 21 and the first substrate 11 produce local friction, that is to say, the formation and shape of the groove structure 14 are consistent with The mold 21 is related.
  • the width of the mold 21 surrounding the mold 2 directly affects the aperture size of the groove structure 14 .
  • the width range of the mold 21 surrounding the mold 2 is 0.2mm-10mm, preferably, the width range of the mold 21 surrounding the mold 2 is 0.5mm-3mm , more preferably, the width range of the mold 21 surrounding the mold 2 is 0.8mm-2.6mm, specifically, the width of the mold 21 surrounding the mold 2 can be 1mm, 1.5mm , 2.0 mm, etc., as long as the groove structure 14 can pass through the melted part of the first substrate 11 or the second substrate 13 , the present application is not limited thereto.
  • a plurality of the molds 21 are arranged at intervals to form the groove structures 14 of different shapes, and further form the sealing structures 15 of different shapes.
  • at least one mold 21 may produce local friction with the first substrate 11
  • another mold 21 may produce local friction with the second substrate 12 .
  • shape of the mold 21 will affect the shape of the groove structure 14 .
  • the mold 21 can also be single, including at least one concave-convex pattern parallel to the outside of the mold, such as simple patterns such as rectangles and circles, or various complex patterns such as lace, sawtooth, tire texture, etc., so that it is finally formed on
  • the shape of the sealing structure 15 in the groove structure 14 is more beautiful.
  • the groove structure can be single-track, or double-track, or multi-track. When there are more than two lanes, preferably at least one lane is continuous and complete.
  • the mold 21 can also have a special shape, and can have one or more tooth marks (such as similar to tire texture), and the tooth marks can be continuous, discontinuous, or staggered, which is conducive to forming a strong
  • the sealing structure 15 of peel strength and edge sealing strength is not limited in this application.
  • the groove structure 14 runs through the functional layer 12, communicating with the surface of the functional layer 12 adjacent to the first substrate 11 and/or the functional layer adjacent to the second substrate. 13 surfaces.
  • the groove structure 14 includes a step structure or a groove structure, and in the "at least one sealing structure is formed in the dimmer to complete the edge sealing" Afterwards, the manufacturing method of the dimmer further includes step S806, and the detailed description of step S806 is as follows.
  • dam structure 16 can also be cut off, especially when making a borderless dimming laminated glass without printed black borders (not limited thereto), so as to reduce the occupied volume of the dimming member 1 , so that the dimmer 1 can be integrated into laminated glass or other components or structures with fewer non-dimming edges.
  • the mold 2 is made of metal.
  • the mold 2 is made of metal, because metal usually has better heat dissipation and strength. It can be understood that, on the one hand, when the mold 2 is processing the first substrate 11, a large amount of heat will be generated due to friction.
  • the mold 2 is made of metal material, the mold 2 can be made better heat dissipation, which is conducive to the continuation of the work; on the other hand, the mold 2 needs a certain strength to process the first base 11, usually, metal materials have greater strength, so that The mold 2 processes the first substrate 11 .
  • the groove structure 14 penetrates the functional layer 12, and communicates with the surface of the functional layer 12 adjacent to the first substrate 11 and/or the functional layer. 12 is adjacent to the surface of the second substrate 13 .
  • the groove structure 14 communicates with the surface of the functional layer 12 adjacent to the first substrate 11 and the surface of the functional layer 12 adjacent to the second substrate 13, so that the first conductive layer 121, A side of the dimming layer 122 and the second conductive layer 123 adjacent to the groove structure 14 forms a fault structure.
  • laser or mechanical devices may be used to cut the dimmer 1, so that the first conductive layer 121 and the second conductive layer 123 often have a short circuit phenomenon. A step in which a high voltage breaks down a short circuit.
  • the first conductive layer 121, the dimming layer 122 and the second conductive layer 123 form a fault structure on the side adjacent to the groove structure 14, which avoids the The first conductive layer 121 and the second conductive layer 123 may be short-circuited, which saves the manufacturing steps of the dimmer 1 .
  • the thickness ranges of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 13 in the stacking direction are 30 ⁇ m-200 ⁇ m respectively
  • the functional layer 12 includes first conductive layers 121 stacked in sequence , the dimming layer 122 and the second conductive layer 123, the thickness ranges of the first conductive layer 121 and the second conductive layer 123 in the lamination direction are respectively 0.1 ⁇ m-5 ⁇ m, and the square resistance ranges are 5-5 ⁇ m respectively.
  • the thickness of the dimming layer 122 in the stacking direction ranges from 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the dimming device 1 is usually applied in glass.
  • the thickness of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 13 in the stacking direction The thickness ranges are 30 ⁇ m-200 ⁇ m, preferably, the thickness ranges of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 13 in the stacking direction are 45 ⁇ m-185 ⁇ m, specifically, the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 13
  • the thickness of the second substrate 13 in the stacking direction may be 50 ⁇ m, 100 ⁇ m, 180 ⁇ m, etc., which is not limited in this application.
  • the thickness ranges of the first conductive layer 121 and the second conductive layer 123 in the stacking direction are 0.1 ⁇ m-5 ⁇ m, preferably, the first conductive layer 121 and the second conductive layer 123
  • the thickness ranges in the stacking direction are 0.5 ⁇ m-3 ⁇ m, specifically, the thicknesses of the first conductive layer 121 and the second conductive layer 123 in the stacking direction can be 1 ⁇ m, 1.7 ⁇ m, 2.4 ⁇ m, etc. respectively. It can be understood that, in other possible implementation manners, the thicknesses of the first conductive layer 121 and the second conductive layer 123 in the stacking direction may also be different, which is not limited in the present application.
  • the thickness of the dimmer layer 122 in the lamination direction is in the range of 10 ⁇ m-20 ⁇ m; when the dimmer 1 is an SPD, In the case of EC, the thickness of the dimming layer 122 in the lamination direction is in the range of 1 ⁇ m-20 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the light-adjusting layer 122 in the stacking direction ranges from 4 ⁇ m to 18 ⁇ m. Specifically, the thickness of the light-adjusting layer 122 in the stacking direction may be 7 ⁇ m, 9 ⁇ m, 13 ⁇ m, etc. be restricted.
  • the material of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 13 is any one of PET, PMMA and PC.
  • polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and polycarbonate (PC) are polymer materials with excellent thermoplasticity.
  • the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 13 are made of PET.
  • the first base 11 and the second base 13 are made of polymer materials with excellent thermoplasticity, so that the first base 11 and the second base 13 can be better under the action of local friction.
  • the sealing structure 15 is formed after being cooled and solidified.
  • the materials of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 13 can also be other materials, as long as the formation of the sealing structure 15 is not affected, this application does not impose limit.
  • FIG. 57 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the light-transmitting component provided in the ninth embodiment of the present application.
  • the light-transmitting component 4 includes a first light-transmitting member 41, a second light-transmitting member 42, and the light-adjusting member 1 as described above.
  • the light-adjusting member 1 is interposed between the first light-transmitting member 41 and the second light-transmitting member Between the two light-transmitting members 42 .
  • the light-transmitting component 4 usually further includes a connecting portion 42, the first light-transmitting member 41 is connected to the first base 11 of the dimming member 1 through the connecting portion 43, and the second transparent glass 42 is connected through the connecting portion 43.
  • the connecting portion 43 is connected to the second base 13 of the dimming element 1 .
  • the first light-transmitting member or the second light-transmitting member can be made of inorganic glass, organic glass, or a mixture of the two, respectively.
  • the connecting portion 43 is made of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) material.
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • the adhesive layer in the light-transmitting component such as PVB
  • plasticizer and other materials to improve the performance of the polymer material.
  • the dimming element is PDLC material
  • the increase Materials such as plastics will make the part of the outer periphery of the dimming element about 3-15mm lose the dimming function, that is, become transparent and have no dimming effect, and will further spread with time. Even if no plasticizer is used, such as EVA, it will deteriorate by 2-12mm under high temperature conditions.
  • the dimming element in the prior art needs to pass a 1000-hour thermal aging test at a high temperature of 110°C.
  • the present application also provides a vehicle 5 , please also refer to FIG. 58 , which is a schematic top view of the vehicle provided in Embodiment (10) of the present application.
  • the vehicle 5 employs a light-transmitting assembly 4 as described above.
  • the vehicle 5 further includes a vehicle frame 51 , and the light-transmitting component 4 is carried and installed on the vehicle frame 51 .
  • the light-transmitting component 4 please refer to the above description, and details will not be repeated here.

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Abstract

一种调光件（110），包括第一电极（111）、第二电极（112）、调光膜（113），调光膜（113）包括依次层叠设置的第一基底（1131a）、第一导电层（1131b）、调光层（1133）、第二导电层（1132b）、第二基底（1132a），调光层（1133）、第一导电层（1131b）、第二导电层（1132b）形成收容空间（Z），第一电极（111）和第二电极（112）设置于收容空间（Z）内，第一电极（111）贴附于第一导电层（1131b）背离第一基底（1131a）的一侧且电连接于第一导电层（1131b），第二电极（112）贴附于第二导电层（1132b）背离第二基底（1132a）的一侧且电连接于第二导电层（1132b）。调光件（110）的结构设计可以确保调光件（110）正常的发挥自身功能。还提供了包括调光件（110）的透光组件（10），以及包括透光组件（10）的车辆（1）。

Description

调光件及其制作方法、透光组件、车辆
本申请要求于2021年8月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111004531.4、申请名称为“调光件及其制作方法、透光组件、车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权；本申请还要求于2021年7月1日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110749492.4、申请名称为“调光膜及其封边方法、调光组件及车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权，上述在先申请的内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及车辆零配件技术领域，具体涉及一种调光件及其制作方法、透光组件、车辆。
背景技术
车辆是人类重要的交通代步工具之一。部分车辆的车窗玻璃由于加入了调光件而具有调光作用，驾驶环境更舒适，更轻奢。其中，调光件是一种电子控光产品，通过电控可以控制调光件透明与否。然而，若调光件的结构设置不合理，将影响调光件的功能。
发明内容
本申请提供调光件及其制作方法、透光组件、车辆，所述调光件的结构设计可以确保调光件正常的发挥自身功能。
第一方面，本申请提供一种调光件，所述调光件包括第一电极、第二电极、调光膜，所述调光膜包括依次层叠设置的第一基底、第一导电层、调光层、第二导电层、第二基底，所述调光层、第一导电层、第二导电层形成收容空间，所述第一电极和所述第二电极设置于所述收容空间内，所述第一电极贴附于所述第一导电层背离所述第一基底的一侧且电连接于所述第一导电层，所述第二电极贴附于所述第二导电层背离所述第二基底的一侧且电连接于所述第二导电层。
其中，所述收容空间包括间隔设置的第一子空间和第二子空间，所述第一电极设置于所述第一子空间内，所述第二电极设置于所述第二子空间内。
其中，所述调光件还包括第一粘接层和第二粘接层，所述第一电极通过第一粘接层粘接且电连接于所述第一导电层，所述第二电极通过第二粘接层粘接且电连接于所述第二导电层。
其中，所述调光件具有密封结构，至少部分所述密封结构沿所述调光件的周缘设置，所述密封结构处的第一基底和第二基底相连接。
第二方面，本申请还提供一种调光件的制作方法，所述制作方法包括：
提供调光膜，所述调光膜包括层叠设置第一膜层、调光层及第二膜层，所述第一膜层包括层叠设置的第一基底和第一导电层，所述第二膜层包括层叠设置的第二基底和第二导电层，所述调光层位于所述第一导电层和所述第二导电层之间，所述调光膜包含第一区域和第二区域；
将位于所述第一区域内的所述第一膜层和所述第二膜层往远离彼此的方向相背剥开，以显露出所述第一区域内的所述调光层；
清除位于所述第一区域内的所述第一导电层上的至少部分所述调光层；
在位于所述第一区域内的第一导电层上贴附第一电极；
清除位于所述第一区域内的所述第二导电层上的至少部分所述调光层；
在位于所述第一区域内的第二导电层上贴附第二电极。
其中，“将位于所述第一区域内的所述第一膜层和所述第二膜层往远离彼此的方向相背剥开，以显露出所述第一区域内的所述调光层”包括：
沿第一预设路径裁剪位于所述第一区域内的调光膜，以形成第一子区域；
将位于所述第一子区域内的所述第一膜层和所述第二膜层往远离彼此的方向相背剥开，以显露出位于所述第一子区域内的所述调光层；
沿第二预设路径裁剪位于所述第一区域内的调光膜，以形成第二子区域；
将位于所述第二子区域内的所述第一膜层和所述第二膜层往远离彼此的方向相背剥开，以显露出位于所述第二子区域内的所述调光层。
其中，“清除位于所述第一区域内的所述第一导电层上的至少部分所述调光层”包括：
清除位于所述第一子区域内的所述第一导电层和所述第二导电层上的所述调光层。
其中，“在位于所述第一区域内的第一导电层上贴附第一电极”包括：
在位于所述第一区域内的第一导电层背离所述第一基底的表面形成第一粘接层，或，在所述第一电极的表面形成第一粘接层；
将所述第一电极通过所述第一粘接层贴附于位于所述第一区域内的第一导电层。
其中，“在位于所述第一区域内的第二导电层上贴附第二电极”之后，还包括：
在所述调光膜的周缘形成密封结构，其中，所述密封结构处的第一基底和第二基底相连接。
其中，“在所述调光膜的周缘形成密封结构”包括：
提供第一加工件和第二加工件；
将所述调光膜设置于第一加工件和第二加工件之间，其中，所述第一加工件抵接于所述调光膜的第一基底，所述第二加工件抵接于所述调光膜的第二基底；
利用所述第一加工件和所述第二加工件的配合作用在所述调光膜的周缘形成密封结构，其中，所述第一加工件可转动，所述第二加工件可振动。
第三方面，本申请还提供一种调光件，所述调光件包括调光膜，所述调光膜包括依次层叠设置的第一基底、功能层及第二基底；在所述功能层的***设有一密封结构，所述密封结构通过第一基底与第二基底包裹所述功能层形成。
其中，所述第一基底、第二基底分别包括基底主体部和基底边缘部，所述功能层位于第一基底的基底主体部和第二基底的基底主体部之间，所述基底边缘部形成一密封结构，用于包覆所述功能层。
其中，所述密封结构通过第一基底与所述第二基底相互抵接熔融形成。
其中，在所述调光件的外边缘，至少设有一凹槽结构，所述密封结构位于所述凹槽结构处。
其中，所述凹槽结构背离所述密封结构的一侧设置有填充部。
其中，所述凹槽结构通过所述第一基底和/或所述第二基底朝功能层的方向熔融内缩形成。
其中，所述凹槽结构贯穿所述功能层外周边缘，连通所述功能层邻近所述第一基底的表面和/或所述功能层邻近所述第二基底的表面。
其中，所述凹槽结构包括台阶结构或沟槽结构。
其中，于所述凹槽结构的***处，留设有一围坝结构，所述围坝结构距离所述沟槽结构 的范围为0.5mm-10mm。
其中，所述密封结构在所述凹槽结构处的纵切面呈V型或者U型或者W型或者M型或者X型或者I型或者II型或者III型或者前述组合。
其中，所述功能层包括依次层叠设置的第一导电层、调光层及第二导电层。
其中，所述调光件还至少包括一凹口。
第四方面，本申请还提供一种调光件的制作方法，所述调光件的制作方法包括：
(1)提供调光件，所述调光件包括依次层叠设置的第一基底、功能层及第二基底；
(2)在所述第一基底背离所述功能层的一侧设置加工模具，所述第二基底背离所述功能层的一侧设置承载台；
(3)所述模具压紧所述第一基底，并与第二基底作平行于模具方向，且沿地平面平行的水平方向与承载台作相对的来回往复的振动，对所述功能层产生局部摩擦，使得模具紧邻的局部功能层更容易被粉粹，并被推向两侧，同时第一基底和第二基底在模具附近局部变成熔融状态；
(4)所述功能层在局部摩擦的作用下形成凹槽结构，所述第一基底在高温熔融状态下与所述第二基底相互抵接后，冷却固化以形成密封结构；
(5)在所述调光件外周边缘内形成至少一个完整的密封结构，完成封边。
其中，所述振动频率的范围为20KHz-40KHz。
其中，所述模具包括至少一条平行于所述模具外侧的凹凸图案，所述凹凸图案在所述模具上的宽度范围为0.2mm-10mm。
其中，所述凹槽结构贯穿所述功能层外周边缘，连通所述功能层邻近所述第一基底的表面和/或所述功能层邻近所述第二基底的表面。
其中，所述调光件还留设一位于所述凹槽结构***的围坝结构，在所述“在所述调光件外周边缘内形成至少一个密封结构，完成封边”之后，所述调光件的制作方法还包括：
切除所述围坝结构。
其中，在形成所述凹槽结构之前，所述第一基底和/或所述第二基底背离所述功能层的一侧表面设置有填充部。
其中，所述填充部在层叠方向上的厚度范围为所述第一基底或所述第二基底在层叠方向上的厚度的1/3-1/2倍。
其中，在形成所述凹槽结构之后或者同时，于所述凹槽结构背离所述密封结构的一侧设置有填充部。
第五方面，本申请还提供一种透光组件，所述透光组件包括第一透光件、第二透光件及调光件，所述调光件位于所述第一透光件与所述第二透光件之间。
第六方面，本申请还提供一种车辆，所述车辆包括透光组件。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施方式中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的车辆的示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的透光组件的示意图；
图3为图2所示的透光组件沿A-A线的剖视图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的调光件的示意图；
图5为图4所示的调光件沿B-B线的一剖视图；
图6为图4所示的调光件沿C-C线的剖视图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的第一电极和第一绝缘件的连接关系图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的第二电极和第二绝缘件的连接关系图；
图9为图4所示的调光件沿B-B线的另一剖视图；
图10为本申请一实施例提供的调光件的制作方法的流程图；
图11为对应于图10所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图12为图11所示的结构沿D-D线的剖视图；
图13为对应于图10所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图14为对应于图10所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图15为对应于图10所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图16为对应于图10所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图17为对应于图10所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图18为对应于图10所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图19为本申请实施例提供的第一电极和第二电极的一布置形式图；
图20为本申请实施例提供的第一电极和第二电极的另一布置形式图；
图21为本申请另一实施例提供的调光件的制作方法的流程图；
图22为对应于图21所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图23为对应于图21所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图24为对应于图21所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图25为对应于图21所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图26为对应于图21所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图27为对应于图21所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图28为本申请又一实施例提供的调光件的制作方法的流程图；
图29为对应于图28所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图30为本申请又一实施例提供的调光件的制作方法的流程图；
图31为对应于图30所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图32为本申请又一实施例提供的调光件的制作方法的流程图；
图33为对应于图32所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图34为对应于图32所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图35为本申请又一实施例提供的调光件的制作方法的流程图；
图36为对应于图35所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图37为对应于图35所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图38为本申请又一实施例提供的调光件的制作方法的流程图；
图39为对应于图38所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图40为对应于图38所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图41为本申请又一实施例提供的调光件的制作方法的流程图；
图42为对应于图41所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图43为对应于图41所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图44为对应于图41所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图45为对应于图41所示的调光件的制作方法的结构图；
图46为本申请一实施例提供的密封结构的示意图；
图47为本申请另一实施例提供的密封结构的示意图；
图48为本申请实施方式(一)提供的调光膜俯视示意图；
图49为图48中沿I-I线的剖视示意图；
图50为本申请实施方式(二)提供第一基底带填充料的封边侧视图；
图51为本申请实施方式(三)提供第一基底熔融填充部的密封结构侧视图；
图52为本申请实施方式(四)提供的调光膜多道密封结构剖视示意图；
图53为本申请实施方式(五)提供的台阶结构示意图；
图54为本申请实施方式(六)提供的调光膜俯视示意图；
图55为本申请实施方式(七)提供的调光膜封边方法流程示意图；
图56为本申请实施方式(八)提供的模具及承载台示意图；
图57为本申请实施方式(九)提供的调光组件剖视示意图；
图58为本申请实施方式(十)提供的车辆俯视示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有付出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本文中提及“实施例”或“实施方式”意味着，结合实施例或实施方式描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
下面以实施例1和实施例2来介绍本申请提供的关于调光件的各方面内容。其中，实施例1来自于申请号为202111004531.4的在先申请，实施例2来自于申请号202110749492.4的在先申请。需说明的是，实施例1和实施例2中对于调光件各部分的编号虽然不同，但是实质相同，也就是说，实施例1中的特征可以应用到实施例2中，同样，实施例2中的特征也可以应用到实施例1中。
实施例1(图1至图47)
请参照图1，本申请提供了一种车辆1，所述车辆1可以但不仅限于为轿车、多用途汽车(MPV)、运动型多用途汽车(SUV)、越野车(ORV)、皮卡、面包车、客车、货车等。
所述车辆1包括以下任意实施方式中所描述的透光组件10。所述车辆1还可以包括车架20，所述透光组件10直接或间接的承载于所述车架20。
所述透光组件10用于透过光线，以确保车内光线充足以及为车内人员提供视野。所述透光组件10可以为车辆1的前挡风窗、后挡风窗、天窗、车门窗、后侧窗等。
所述透光组件10可以改变透光度(从而引起雾度的变化)，即透光组件10通电时高透，断电时模糊而不透明。其中，所谓的不透明并非是指光线完全被透光组件10阻隔，而是指透光组件10阻挡了大部分光线，使得车外不能看到车内，车内不能看到车外，并且，仍有部分 光线可以透过透光组件10进入到车内，从而避免车内完全进入黑暗。
请参照图2，本申请还提供一种透光组件10，所述透光组件10包括透光件120及以下任意实施方式中所述的调光件110。所述调光件110承载于所述透光件120。其中，所述透光件120为透明材质，其材质可以但不仅限于为玻璃、塑料等。
所述透光件120可以包括透明的第一透光件121和第二透光件122。所述调光件110设置于所述第一透光件121和所述第二透光件122之间，从而可以通过第一透光件121和第二透光件122保护调光件110。
请参照图3，所述透光组件10还包括透明的第一连接层130和第二连接层140。所述第一透光件121通过第一连接层130粘接于所述调光件110。所述第二透光件122通过第二连接层140粘接于所述调光件110。
所述透光组件10的形状可以但不仅限于为圆形、椭圆形、正方向、长方形等。所述透光组件10可以但不仅限于应用在车辆1的窗户、房屋的窗户、洗浴间的隔断门、会议室的隔断门等等领域。
下面结合附图详细介绍上述实施例提供的透光组件10中的调光件110。
请参照图4至图6，本申请还提供一种调光件110，所述调光件110包括第一电极111、第二电极112、调光膜113。其中，所述调光膜113包括依次层叠设置的第一基底1131a、第一导电层1131b、调光层1133、第二导电层1132b、第二基底1132a。所述调光层1133、第一导电层1131b、第二导电层1132b形成收容空间Z。所述第一电极111和所述第二电极112设置于所述收容空间Z内。所述第一电极111贴附于所述第一导电层1131b背离所述第一基底1131a的一侧，以使得所述第一电极111电连接于所述第一导电层1131b。所述第二电极112贴附于所述第二导电层1132b背离所述第二基底1132a的一侧，以使得所述第二电极112电连接于所述第二导电层1132b。
所述第一基底1131a和第二基底1132a的材料优选为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)，也可以是聚乙烯醇(PVA)、聚酰亚胺(PI)、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN)等聚合物构成。
所述第一导电层1131b和第二导电层1132b的材料优选为掺锡氧化铟(也称氧化铟锡，ITO)，也可以是掺氟氧化锡(FTO)或者掺铝的氧化锌(AZO)构成，还可以是这些材料掺杂再掺杂金属金、银、铜等形成的材料。
所述调光层1133可以是卷对卷生产的聚合物分散液晶(polymer dispersed liquid crystal，PDLC)、电致变色(Electrochromic，EC)、纳米光阀(light value，LV)、悬浮粒子(Suspended-Particle Devices，SPD)、液晶(Liquid Crystal，LC)等调光材料。
可选的，请参照图7，所述调光件110还可以包括第一绝缘件114，所述第一绝缘件114用于包裹第一电极111。所述第一绝缘件114具有第一开口K1，以显露出第一电极111的一侧。所述第一电极111显露于第一开口K1的一侧电连接于第一导电层1131b。所述第一绝缘件114背离所述第一开口K1的一侧连接于第二导电层1132b，从而使得第一电极111和第二导电层1132b绝缘设置。请参照图8，所述调光件110还可以包括第二绝缘件115，所述第二绝缘件115用于包裹第二电极112。所述第二绝缘件115具有第二开口K2，以显露出第二电极112的一侧。所述第二电极112显露于第二开口K2的一侧电连接于第二导电层1132b。所述第二绝缘件115背离所述第二开口K2的一侧连接于第一导电层1131b，从而使得第二电极112和第一导电层1131b绝缘设置。
所述第一电极111和第二电极112用于连接电源，所述电源可以是电流源或者电压源。当调光件110断电时，调光层1133处于第一状态，处于第一状态的调光层1133可以阻挡绝 大部分光线，从而使得调光件110处于不透明状态，此时调光件110的雾度等级最高，雾度较大。当调光件110通电时，第一导电层1131b和第二导电层1132b之间形成电场，调光层1133在该电场的作用下由第一状态转变为第二状态，处于第二状态的调光层1133可以透过绝大部分光线，从而使得调光件110处于透明状态，此时调光件110的雾度等级最低，雾度最小。
可选的，在一些实施方式中，可以通过控制第一导电层1131b和第二导电层1132b之间形成的电场的强度，使得调光层1133处于第三状态，从而使得调光件110处于透明和不透明之间的状态。进一步可选的，所述第三状态包括多个子状态，所述调光件110包括多个不同的雾度等级，且每个子状态对应一个雾度等级，当电场的强度越大，调光件110的雾度等级就越低，即调光件110的透明度越大，从而可以实现调光件110在多个(大于或等于四个)不同的雾度等级之间转换，进而可以扩大调光件110的适用场景。
其中，调光膜113在第一透光件121上的正投影全部落入第一透光件121的所在范围内，且调光膜113在第二透光件122上的正投影全部落入第二透光件122的所在范围内，换而言之，调光膜113的长度和宽度均小于或等于第一透光件121、第二透光件122的长度和宽度，从而有利于保护调光膜113不被外界破坏。
进一步的，所述第一电极111和第二电极112自调光膜113伸出于第一透光件121和第二透光件122的边缘，也就是说，部分第一电极111和部分第二电极112显露于第一透光件121和第二透光件122之外，从而有利于第一电极111和第二电极112连接电源。
在相关技术中，直接将电极插设于调光层之中，电极与导电层间隔设置，然而，该设置形式会导致不良后果。具体的，一方面，由于调光层通常为绝缘材料，导致电极和导电层不易形成电连接，即使形成电连接，电极和导电层之间的调光层将是一个较大的电阻。当调光件通电时，该区域会因为高电阻发热，在长时间工作后，可能因热量累积而损坏调光件。同时，该调光层还会因为高电阻导致导电层分配到的电压变小，使得导电层形成的电场强度不够，进而造成调光件始终具有一定的雾度，而不能进入高透明状态。另一方面，将电极插设于调光层之中会导致该部位过厚，在将调光件夹设在第一透光件和第二透光件的过程中，容易因应力过大而造成第一透光件和第二透光件碎裂，即使不碎裂，也会因厚度不一致而产生气泡。
而在本申请中，第一电极111和第二电极112分别设置在第一导电层1131b、调光层1133和第二导电层1132b形成的收容空间Z内，从而不会造成收容空间Z所在位置处的调光件110过厚，进而可以避免后续在安装第一透光件121和第二透光件122的过程中产生碎裂和气泡的问题。并且，由于第一电极111贴附于第一导电层1131b而形成电连接，第一电极111和第一导电层1131b之间不存在调光层1133，同时，第二电极112贴附于第二导电层1132b而形成电连接，第二电极112和第二导电层1132b之间不存在调光层1133，从而可以克服由调光层1133带来的因热量累积而损坏调光件110，以及因调光层1133分配电压而使得调光件110始终具有一定的雾度的技术问题。因此，本申请提供的调光件110能够确保自身功能的正常发挥。
请参照图4和图6，所述收容空间Z包括间隔设置的第一子空间Z1和第二子空间Z2。所述第一电极111设置于所述第一子空间Z1内。所述第二电极112设置于所述第二子空间Z2内。由于第一子空间Z1和第二子空间Z2间隔设置，则意味着第一子空间Z1和第二子空间Z2之间的间隔区域不存在第一电极111和第二电极112，因此，部分调光层1133则可以设置在该间隔区域内，而不会产生上述调光层1133所带来的技术问题。可以理解的是，在该 间隔区域内设置调光层1133可以增大调光件110总的可调控区域，也就是说，间隔区域处也可进行雾度调节。其中，所述第一子空间Z1和第二空间的形状可以但不仅限于为圆形、正方向、长方形、椭圆形、三角形等。
请参照图6，所述调光件110还包括第一粘接层1134和第二粘接层1135。所述第一电极111通过第一粘接层1134粘接且电连接于所述第一导电层1131b。所述第二电极112通过第二粘接层1135粘接且电连接于所述第二导电层1132b。其中，所述第一粘接层1134和第二粘接层1135为导电材质且具有一定粘接性，具体可以但不仅限于为导电胶布、导电银浆、异方性导电胶、金属胶带等。
可以理解的是，由于工艺限制，第一导电层1131b、第二导电层1132b、第一电极111和第二电极112的表面难以做到绝对平整。下面以第一导电层1131b和第一电极111进行示例性说明，若第一导电层1131b和第一电极111直接接触进行电性连接，则第一导电层1131b和第一电极111之间必然存在间隙，该间隙的存在会导致第一电极111和第一导电层1131b之间的导通电阻增大。在本实施例中，使用具有导电能力的第一粘接层1134来连接第一电极111和第一导电层1131b，则可以消除或减小上述电阻。具体的，在使用第一粘接层1134粘接第一电极111和第一导电层1131b的初始时刻，由于第一粘接层1134具有一定的延展性(比如导电胶布)或流动性(比如导电银浆)，因此，第一粘接层1134可以填充至少部分与第一电极111和第一导线层之间的间隙，从而可以减小上述电阻，并且，待第一粘接层1134固化后，即可形成牢固连接，使得第一电极111和第一导电层1131b的剥离强度提升。第二电极112和第二导电层1132b通过第二粘接层1135实现导电粘接的效果同理，在此不再详述。
请参照图9，所述调光件110具有密封结构M，至少部分所述密封结构M沿所述调光件110的周缘设置。所述密封结构M处的第一基底1131a和第二基底1132a相连接且融合在一起，也就是说，第一基底1131a和第二基底1132a的周缘相连接形成所述密封结构M，从而可以将外物隔离在第一基底1131a和第二基底1132a之外，以避免外物进入调光膜113内部而破坏调光层1133。同时，在形成密封结构M后，可以增大调光膜113边缘处的剥离强度(大约是未密封前的50倍)，从而可以避免调光膜113因弯曲而造成各膜层出现相互脱离的问题，比如，天窗是3D曲面玻璃，调光膜113的弯曲区域会受到较大的应力，会有部分概率出现剥开(两层基底之间的间隙变大)，因此，形成密封结构M后则可以克服该问题。
具体来讲，用于粘接上述透光件120和调光件110的第一连接层130和第二连接层140中含有增塑剂，若该增塑剂通过调光膜113的边缘进入到调光膜113的内部，则会接触到调光层1133，进而对调光层1133造成破坏，从整体上则体现为调光层1133的周缘失效，失效区域不能发挥出相应的控光功能。本实施方式中，在调光件110的周缘设置密封结构M，从而可以阻挡增塑剂进入。
需说明的是，密封结构M呈沟壑状(或称凹陷状)，密封结构M处比调光膜113的有效工作区矮1/3-1/2。沟壑可以全部位于调光膜113的同一侧，也可以位于不同侧(即凹陷方向相反)。以密封结构M呈矩形为例，四条沟壑可以在同侧(即四条沟壑的凹陷方向相同)，也可以在异侧(即四条沟壑的凹陷方向部分相同，部分不相同)。
在另一相关技术中，为便于贴附电极，从调光膜的相背两侧分别去掉部分第一基底和部分第二基底，从而将部分第一导电层和部分第二导电层显露出来，显露出的第一导电层用于电性连接第一电极，显露出的第二导电层用于电性连接第二电极。然而，由于部分第一基底和部分第二基底被去掉(以下将去掉基底的区域称之为预设区域)，因而在预设区域无法形成如同本申请中的密封结构，那么，外物(比如增塑剂)则可以通过该预设区域进入到调光膜 的内部，进而对调光膜造成破坏。在本申请中，第一电极111和第二电极112从调光膜113的内部分别连接于第一导电层1131b和第二导电层1132b，因此不需要去掉第一基底1131a和第二基底1132a，从而可以形成上述密封结构M。
请参照图10，本申请还提供一种调光件110的制作方法。关于调光件110的介绍请参照前面任意实施方式种的附图及描述。所述制作方法包括但不仅限于步骤S100、S200、S300、S400、S500、S600，关于步骤S100、S200、S300、S400、S500、S600的介绍如下。
S100：提供调光膜113，所述调光膜113包括层叠设置第一膜层1131、调光层1133及第二膜层1132，请参照图11和图12。
所述第一膜层1131包括层叠设置的第一基底1131a和第一导电层1131b。所述第二膜层1132包括层叠设置的第二基底1132a和第二导电层1132b。所述调光层1133位于所述第一导电层1131b和所述第二导电层1132b之间。也就是说，第一基底1131a、第一导电层1131b、调光层1133、第二导电层1132b、第二基底1132a依次层叠设置。
所述调光膜113的形状可以但不仅限于为圆形、矩形、椭圆形、三角形等，本申请中以矩形进行示例性说明。
所述调光膜113包含第一区域A1和第二区域A2，即部分调光膜113构成第一区域A1，另一部分调光膜113构成第二区域A2。需说明的是，本申请中的第一区域A1会随着调光膜113位置的变化而变化，也就是说，当第一区域A1的调光膜113由第一位置转变到第二位置时，位于第二位置的调光膜113构成第一区域A1。下面结合第一区域A1和第二区域A2来辅助描述调光件110的制备过程。
S200：将位于所述第一区域A1内的所述第一膜层1131和所述第二膜层1132往远离彼此的方向相背剥开，以显露出所述第一区域A1内的所述调光层1133，请参照图13。
其中，所谓的剥开是指将第一膜层1131和第二膜层1132撕开。在剥开过程中，第一膜层1131和第二膜层1132往背离彼此的方向上相对运动。剥开方式可以是手动，即操作者用手直接将第一膜层1131和第二膜层1132撕开，在其他实施方式中，剥开方式也可以是机械操作。
需说明的是，调光膜113被剥开后，部分调光层1133附着在第一膜层1131的第一导电层1131b上，另一部分调光层1133附着在第二膜层1132的第二导电层1132b上。
在一种实施方法中，第二膜层1132固定不动，将第一膜层1131往背离第二膜层1132的方向剥开，剥开操作完成后，第一区域A1和第二区域A2的第一膜层1131呈弯曲或弯折形态连接，如图13所示。在另一种实施方式中，第一膜层1131固定不动，将第二膜层1132往背离第一膜层1131的方向剥开，剥开操作完成后，第一区域A1和第二区域A2的第二膜层1132呈弯曲或弯折形态连接。在又一实施方式中，将第一膜层1131往第二膜层1132的方向剥开，同时，将第二膜层1132往背离第一膜层1131的方向剥开，剥开操作完成后，第一区域A1和第二区域A2的第一膜层1131呈弯曲或弯折形态连接，且第一区域A1和第二区域A2的第二膜层1132呈弯曲或弯折形态连接。在上述三种实施方式中，第一区域A1由剥开后的第一膜层1131、第二膜层1132、调光层1133构成。
S300：清除位于所述第一区域A1内的所述第一导电层1131b上的至少部分所述调光层1133，请参照图14。
具体的，在完成剥开操作后，利用有机溶剂(乙醇、乙酸乙酯、丙酮等)清理被剥开部分(第一区域A1)的第一导电层1131b上的调光层1133，以使得第一导电层1131b背离第一基底1131a的一侧显露出来。
S400：在位于所述第一区域A1内的第一导电层1131b上贴附第一电极111，请参照图15。
也就是说，将第一电极111贴附在第一导电层1131b背离第一基底1131a的一侧，使得第一电极111和第一导电层1131b形成电连接关系。
S500：清除位于所述第一区域A1内的所述第二导电层1132b上的至少部分所述调光层1133，请参照图16。
具体的，在完成剥开操作后，利用有机溶剂(乙醇等)清理被剥开部分(第一区域A1)的第二导电层1132b上的调光层1133，以使得第二导电层1132b背离第二基底1132a的一侧显露出来。
S600：在位于所述第一区域A1内的第二导电层1132b上贴附第二电极112，请参照图17和图18。也就是说，将第二电极112贴附在第二导电层1132b背离第二基底1132a的一侧，使得第二电极112和第二导电层1132b形成电连接关系。
需说明的是，上述步骤S300、S400、S500、S600的先后执行顺序存在多种可行的实施方式。在一种实施方式中，步骤S300、S400、S500、S600依次进行。在另一种实施方式中，步骤S300、S500首先依次进行(或同时进行)，然后步骤S400、S600再依次进行(或同时进行)。
在相关技术中，未清除上述调光层，而是直接将电极插设于调光层之中，电极与导电层间隔设置，然而，该设置形式会导致不良后果。具体的，一方面，由于调光层通常为绝缘材料，导致电极和导电层不易形成电连接，即使形成电连接，电极和导电层之间的调光层将是一个较大的电阻。当调光件通电时，该电阻会发热，在长时间工作后，可能因热量累积而损坏调光件。而且，该电阻还会分配部分电压，导致导电层分配到的电压不足，使得导电层形成的电场强度不够，进而造成调光件始终具有一定的雾度，而不能进入透明状态。另一方面，将电极插设于调光层之中会导致该部位过厚，在将调光件夹设在第一透光件和第二透光件的过程中，容易造成第一透光件和第二透光件碎裂。关于第一透光件121和第二透光件122的介绍请参照前面相关的实施例。
本实施例中，在贴附第一电极111、第二电极112之前，已将位于第一区域A1内的第一导电层1131b、第二导电层1132b上的调光层1133清除掉，在贴附后，第一电极111和第一导电层1131b之间，以及第二电极112和第二导电层1132b之间则不存在功能，从而可以克服由调光层1133带来的因热量累积而损坏调光件110，以及调光件110始终具有一定的雾度的技术问题。同时，由于第一区域A1内的调光层1133已被清除，从而可以为第一电极111和第二电极112提供放置空间，进而可以避免因调光件110在设置第一电极111和第二电极112的位置处过厚而导致的碎裂问题。
需说明的是，所述第一电极111和第二电极112可以设置于调光膜113的同一端(如图18所示)，也可以设置于不同端(如图19和图20所示)，本申请仅以第一电极111和第二电极112设置在同一端进行示例性说明，但不应视为是对本申请提供的调光件110构成限制。
请参照图21，在上述实施例中，所述步骤“S200：将位于所述第一区域A1内的所述第一膜层1131和所述第二膜层1132往远离彼此的方向相背剥开，以显露出所述第一区域A1内的所述调光层1133”可以包括步骤S210、S220、S230、S240，关于步骤S210、S220、S230、S240的介绍如下。
S210：沿第一预设路径S1裁剪位于所述第一区域A1内的调光膜113，以形成第一子区域A11，请参照图22。
其中，第一预设路径S1可以是直线，也可以是曲线。裁剪的工具可以但不仅限于为剪刀、刀片等，只要能够裁剪形成所述第一子区域A11即可。
S220：将位于所述第一子区域A11内的所述第一膜层1131和所述第二膜层1132往远离彼此的方向相背剥开，以显露出位于所述第一子区域A11内的所述调光层1133，请参照图23至图24。关于剥开过程的介绍可以参考上述步骤S200中的介绍。
S230：沿第二预设路径S2裁剪位于所述第一区域A1内的调光膜113，以形成第二子区域A12，请参照图25。
其中，第二预设路径S2可以是直线，也可以是曲线。裁剪的工具可以但不仅限于为剪刀、刀片等，只要能够裁剪形成所述第二子区域A12即可。需说明的是，所述第二子区域A12和所述第一子区域A11不重叠。
S240：将位于所述第二子区域A12内的所述第一膜层1131和所述第二膜层1132往远离彼此的方向相背剥开，以显露出位于所述第二子区域A12内的所述调光层1133，请参照图26至图27。关于剥开过程的介绍可以参考上述步骤S200中的介绍。
需说明的是，上述步骤S210、S220、S230、S240的先后执行顺序存在多种可行的实施方式。在一种实施方式中，步骤S210、S220、S230、S240依次进行。在另一种实施方式中，步骤S210、S230首先依次进行(或同时进行)，然后步骤S220、S240再依次进行(或同时进行)。
还需说明的是，当第一预设路径S1和第二预设路径S2为直线时，两者可以相互平行(如图25所示)，或者相互垂直，或者两者的延伸方向相交。
请参照图25，可选的，所述第一区域A1还包括第三子区域A13，所述第三子区域A13位于第一子区域A11和第二子区域A12之间，也就是说，第一子区域A11和第二子区域A12间隔设置。因此，第三子区域A13不需进行剥开操作，第三子区域A13中的调光层1133也就不用去除，从而可以增大调光件110总的可调控区域，换而言之，第三子区域A13也可实现雾度调节。在本实施方式中，所述第一子区域A11和第二子区域A12分别对应于上述第一子空间Z1和第二子空间Z2，也就是说，第一子空间Z1位于第一子区域A11内，第二子空间Z2位于第一子区域A11内，关于第一子空间Z1和第二子空间Z2的介绍请参照前面结构实施例中的描述。
请参照图28，在上述实施例中，所述步骤“S300：清除位于所述第一区域A1内的所述第一导电层1131b上的至少部分所述调光层1133”可以包括步骤S310，关于步骤S310的介绍如下。
S310：清除位于所述第一子区域A11内的所述第一导电层1131b和所述第二导电层1132b上的所述调光层1133，请参照图29。
由前面的介绍可知，第一导电层1131b用于贴附第一电极111。第一电极111在贴附完成后，需要使第一膜层1131和第二膜层1132合拢，以使调光膜113回到未剥开前的状态。在合拢后，第一电极111则位于第一导电层1131b和第二导电层1132b之间。
若第二导电层1132b上的调光层1133未清除，那么在合拢后，第一电极111面向于第二导电层1132b的一侧则与调光层1133相接触。可以理解的是，在某些情况下，调光膜113可能处于长时间暴晒的状态，例如，调光膜113应用于车辆1的天窗，在夏季难以避免会出现暴晒的情况。暴晒可能会造成调光层1133产生一些可破坏第一电极111的物质，从而使得第一电极111受损，在一段时间后，进而可能导致调光件110失效。同时，调光层1133产生的物质也可能作用于上述第一粘接层1134，使得第一粘接层1134的粘接性能下降。在本实施 例中，同时将第一导电层1131b和第二导电层1132b上的调光层1133都清除掉，从而可能避免上述问题。
请参照图30，在上述实施例中，所述步骤“S500：清除位于所述第一区域A1内的所述第二导电层1132b上的至少部分所述调光层1133”可以包括步骤S510，关于步骤S510的介绍如下。
S510：清除位于所述第二子区域A12内的所述第一导电层1131b和所述第二导电层1132b上的所述调光层1133，请参照图31。步骤S510与上述步骤S310同理，关于步骤S510的介绍可以参考上述步骤S310中的描述，在此不再赘述。
请参照图32，在上述实施例中，所述步骤“S400：在位于所述第一区域A1内的第一导电层1131b上贴附第一电极111”可以包括步骤S410、S420，关于步骤S410、S420的介绍如下。
S410：在位于所述第一区域A1内的第一导电层1131b背离所述第一基底1131a的表面形成第一粘接层1134，或，在所述第一电极111的表面形成第一粘接层1134，请参照图33。
S420：将所述第一电极111通过所述第一粘接层1134贴附于位于所述第一区域A1内的第一导电层1131b，请参照图34。
具体的，在一种实施方式中，可以先在第一导电层1131b上形成第一粘接层1134，然后再将第一电极111贴附在第一导电层1131b上。在另一种实施方式中，也可以先在第一电极111上形成第一粘接层1134，然后再将第一电极111贴附在第一导电层1131b上。其中，所述第一粘接层1134可以但不仅限于为导电胶布、导电银浆、异方性导电胶、金属胶带等具有粘接能力和导电能力的材料。以导电银浆进行示例性说明，在一种实施方式中，在第一导电层1131b背离第一基底1131a的表面涂覆导电银浆，然后将第一电极111贴附在导电银浆上，最后可通过烘干操作将导电银浆固化，从而使得第一电极111牢固粘接于第一导电层1131b上。在另一种实施方式中，也可以先将导电银浆涂覆于第一电极111，然后再将第一电极111通过导电银浆贴附于第一导电层1131b。最后可通过烘干操作将导电银浆固化，从而使得第一电极111牢固粘接于第一导电层1131b上。
可以理解的是，使用具有导电能力的第一粘接层1134来连接第一电极111和第一导电层1131b，可以消除或减小第一电极111和第一导电层1131b之间的导通电阻，具体原理可参照结构实施例中的描述。
请参照图35，在上述实施例中，所述步骤“S600：在位于所述第一区域A1内的第二导电层1132b上贴附第二电极112”可以包括步骤S610、S620，关于步骤S610、S620的介绍如下。
S610：在位于所述第一区域A1内的第二导电层1132b背离所述第二基底1132a的表面形成第二粘接层1135，或，在所述第二电极112的表面形成第二粘接层1135，请参照图36。
S620：将所述第二电极112通过所述第二粘接层1135贴附于位于所述第一区域A1内的第二导电层1132b，请参照图37。
关于步骤S610、S620的介绍对应参照上述步骤S410、S420中的描述，在此不再赘述。
请参照图38，在以上所述的实施例中，所述步骤“S600：在位于所述第一区域A1内的第二导电层1132b上贴附第二电极112”之后，还可以包括步骤S700，关于S700的介绍如下。
S700：在所述调光膜113的周缘形成密封结构M，其中，所述密封结构M处的第一基底1131a和第二基底1132a相连接，请参照图39和图40。
其中，所谓的周缘是指调光膜113的边缘，也就是说，在调光膜113的边缘处形成所述密封结构M，形成密封结构M后，对应位置的第一基底1131a和第二基底1132a连接在一起，从而可以避免外物进入到调光膜113的内部。
需说明的是，在形成所述密封结构M之前，第一基底1131a和第二基底1132a为间隔状态，在第二区域A2内，第一基底1131a和第二基底1132a之间为第一导电层1131b、调光层1133、第二导电层1132b，在第一区域A1内，第一基底1131a和第二基底1132a之间为第一导电层1131b、第二导电层1132b、第一电极111、第二电极112、第一粘接层1134、第二粘接层1135，具体请参照前面实施例中的相关附图。在形成所述密封结构M之后，密封结构M与第一电极111和第二电极112相交，且除了第一电极111和第二电极112的位置处，其余密封结构M处的第一基底1131a和第二基底1132a相连接，即仅有第一电极111和第二电极112处的第一基底1131a和第二基底1132a是间隔状态。
上述结构实施例中已提到，在相关技术中，为便于贴附电极，去掉部分第一基底和部分第二基底，以显露出部分第一导电层和部分第二导电层，然后直接将第一电极贴附于第一导电层，且将第二电极贴附于第二导电层，该过程未涉及到上述剥开操作。然而，该制备方式无法在设置电极的位置形成如图本申请中的密封结构，外物(比如增塑剂)从而可以通过该位置进入到调光膜的内部，进而对调光膜造成破坏。而在本申请中，第一电极111和第二电极112从调光膜113的内部分别连接于第一导电层1131b和第二导电层1132b，因此不需要去掉第一基底1131a和第二基底1132a，从而可以形成上述密封结构M。同时，在形成密封结构M后，可以增大调光膜113边缘处的剥离强度(大约是未密封前的50倍)，从而可以避免调光膜113因弯曲而造成各膜层出现相互脱离的问题，比如，天窗是3D曲面，调光膜113的弯曲区域会受到较大的应力，会有部分概率出现剥开(两层基底之间的间隙变大)，因此，形成密封结构M后则可以克服该问题。
请参照图41，在一种实施方式中，所述步骤“S700：在所述调光膜113的周缘形成密封结构M，其中，所述密封结构M处的第一基底1131a和第二基底1132a相连接”可以包括步骤S710、S720、S730，关于步骤S710、S720、S730的介绍如下。
S710：提供第一加工件2和第二加工件3，请参照图42。
S720：将所述调光膜113设置于第一加工件2和第二加工件3之间，请参照图43。
其中，所述第一加工件2抵接于所述调光膜113的第一基底1131a，所述第二加工件3抵接于所述调光膜113的第二基底1132a。
S730：利用所述第一加工件2和所述第二加工件3的配合作用在所述调光膜113的周缘形成密封结构M，也就是说，第一基底1131a和第二基底1132a的周缘相连接形成所述密封结构M，请参照图44。
具体的，第一加工件2为承载台，其用于承载调光膜113，其形状可以但不仅限于为圆形、椭圆形、矩形等。第二加工件3为轮状，且用于配合第一加工件2，以对调光膜113形成紧密的抵接效果。其中，所述第一加工件2可转动，所述第二加工件3可振动，通过第一加工件2和第二加工件3的配合作用，使得调光膜113的边缘处的第一基底1131a和第二基底1132a融合为一体，从而形成所述密封结构M，获得调光件110。
需说明的是，密封结构M呈沟壑状(或称凹陷状)，密封结构M处比调光膜113的有效工作区矮1/3-1/2。沟壑可以全部位于调光膜113的同一侧，也可以位于不同侧(即凹陷方向相反)。以密封结构M呈矩形为例，四条沟壑可以在同侧(即四条沟壑的凹陷方向相同)，也可以在异侧(即四条沟壑的凹陷方向部分相同，部分不相同)。
下面具体介绍第一加工件2和第二加工件3在配合作用下使得第一基底1131a和第二基底1132a结合的过程。
所述第一加工件2可相对于调光膜113转动，在转动过程中，第一加工件2和第一基底 1131a之间存在滑动摩擦，滑动摩擦将产生热量而使得第一基底1131a的温度升高。同时，所述第二加工件3可带动调光膜113相对于第一加工件2振动(高频振动)，在振动过程中，第一加工件2和第一基底1131a之间，以及第二加工件3和第二基底1132a之间都会形成高频的抵压效果进而形成高频摩擦。因此，在第一加工件2和第二加工件3共同的作用下，第一基底1131a和第二基底1132a将升温并达到区域熔融状态，进而融合在一起，待冷却后，则可以形成具有较好密封效果的密封结构M。需说明的是，在振动过程中，对应于第一加工件2处的第一导电层1131b、第二导电层1132b、调光层1133被粉碎。
可选的，请参照图45，所述第二加工件3可围绕预设轴L旋转，所述预设轴L平行于第一加工件2朝向第二加工件3的方向，定义第二加工件3上被第一加工件2抵接的作用点(间接作用)为抵接点O，所述预设轴L到抵接点O的距离大于或等于预设距离H，所述预设距离H大于零。可以理解的是，由于第二加工件3在密封的过程中会振动，若第二加工件3以抵接点O为中心点旋转，第二加工件3上的抵接点O的位置处则会因第一加工件2的长时间抵接而形成凹陷，最终可能损坏调光膜113。在本实施例中，由于将预设距离H设置为大于零，因此，在第二加工件3围绕预设轴L旋转的过程中，抵接点O也将围绕预设轴L旋转，也就是说，抵接点O为变化的点，从而避免第一加工件2重复作用于第二加工件3上的同一点，进而可以避免形成上述凹陷。而且，抵接点O变化还可以使得密封结构M形成一定的宽度D(请参照图44)，从而可以增强调光膜113的密封效果。
进一步的，所述密封结构M总体呈环状，该环状可以但不仅限于为圆形环、矩形环(如图44所示)、椭圆形环等。具体形状可以根据调光膜113的边缘走向而定，在此不做限定。
可选的，调光膜113的四周边缘还可以加开口(比如锯齿状，半圆形、矩形等，数量不限)，以避免应用在呈3D曲面的透光件120中出现褶皱。
可以理解的是，要形成密封结构M的总体形状，需要使第一加工件2和调光膜113之间产生相对运动，换而言之，第一加工件2需要相对调光膜113沿预设走向(密封结构M的总体形状)移动，以抵接于调光膜113上不同的位置，逐步形成密封结构M。沿预设走向形成密封结构M可以仅通过第一加工件2的运动实现，也可以通过第二加工件3带动调光膜113运动实现，还可以通过其他外物带动调光膜113运动来实现。
请参照图46，所述密封结构M可以包括第一子结构M1、第二子结构M2和第三子结构M3。其中，所述第一子结构M1形成于第一子区域A11和第三子区域A13的交界处。所述第二子结构M2形成于第二子区域A12和第三子区域A13的交界处。所述第三子结构M3沿调光膜113的边缘走向形成，用于密封调光膜113的边缘。可以理解的是，由于第一子区域A11、第二子区域A12、第三子区域A13为沿第一预设路径S1和第二预设路径S2裁剪而成，因此，第一预设路径S1和第二预设路径S2的位置处存在开口，该开口也需要进行密封。
对于第一子结构M1而言，在一种实施方式中，所述第一子结构M1沿第一预设路径S1形成，即第一子结构M1形成于第一预设路径S1上，且与第一预设路径S1的走向相同，如图46所示。在另一种实施方式中，第一预设路径S1被围设与第一子结构M1和第三子结构M3之中，即第一子结构M1和第三子结构M3形成包围圈，第一预设路径S1位于该包围圈内，如图47所示。
对于第二子结构M2而言，在一种实施方式中，所述第二子结构M2沿第二预设路径S2形成，即第二子结构M2形成于第二预设路径S2上，且与第二预设路径S2的走向相同，如图46所示。在另一种实施方式中，第二预设路径S2被围设与第二子结构M2和第三子结构M3之中，即第二子结构M2和第三子结构M3形成包围圈，第二预设路径S2位于该包围圈 内，如图47所示。
实施例2(图48至图58)
本申请提供了一种调光件1，请一并参阅图48及图49，图48为本申请实施(一)方式提供的调光件俯视示意图；图49为图48中沿I-I线的剖视示意图。所述调光件1包括调光膜，所述调光膜包括依次层叠设置的第一基底11、功能层12及第二基底13；在所述功能层12的***设有一密封结构15；所述密封结构15通过第一基底11与第二基底13包裹所述功能层12形成。
需要说明的是，为了更好的观察所述调光件1的整体结构及组件，以透视的形式显示于图48中，并不代表其中的整体结构及组件设置于所述第一基底11之上。在本实施方式中，所述功能层12包括依次层叠设置的第一导电层121、调光层122及第二导电层123。当所述第一导电层121及所述第二导电层123施加电压或电流时，所述调光层122通电，所述调光件1进入通电状态；当所述第一导电层121及所述第二导电层123没有施加电压或电流时，所述调光层122断电，所述调光件1处于断电状态。可以理解的，在其它可能的实施方式中，还可以通过其它方式控制所述调光件1调整通电、断电状态，本申请对此不加以限制。可以理解的，功能层除了具有光控的作用，也可以是具有其他作用，比如具有通讯或者显示等其他功能，不宜具有调光的功能为限。
所述调光件1是一种可以调节透过光线反射或透射性质的多层复合结构，例如，聚合物分散液晶(PDLC)、悬浮粒子装置(SPD)、二色性染料液晶膜片(LC)、电致变色(EC)膜片等。在本实施方式中，以所述调光件1为PDLC为例进行说明，当所述调光件1的所述功能层12断电时，所述调光件1的雾度较大，当光线穿过所述调光件1，所述功能层12阻挡了大部分光线，使得所述调光件1在断电时为不透明状态；当所述调光件1的所述功能层12通电时，所述功能层12变透明，不再阻挡光线，光线大部分穿透所述调光件1，使得所述调光件1在通电时为透明状态。
所述功能层12对环境和膜片周围的气体如水气或增塑剂较为敏感，导致功能层周边部分膜片失去调光能力，并且可能随着时间增长和温度提高而不断地恶化，故需要对所述功能层12进行封边处理，以形成所述密封结构15，从而有效地保护所述功能层12。优选的，密封结构15完全封闭地形成于调光件1的外边缘外周。因此，本申请提供的调光件110能够确保自身功能的正常发挥。
可以理解的，在本实施方式(一)中，所述第一基底11与第二基底13在加工模具附近局部高频摩擦，两基底之间的局部导电层及功能层12材料粉碎并流向两侧；高温熔融后，比如250～300℃，使得所述第一基底11抵接第二基底13，冷却固化后形成高致密度的调光件密封结构15，可以使得功能层的吸水率1％以下，有效增强了调光件1的剥离强度，整体机械强度较大。同时，第一导电层121和第二导电层123不会出现短路，提高成品率和产品的可靠性。
或者，请再次参阅图49，所述调光件1包括依次层叠设置的第一基底11、功能层12及第二基底13，所述第一基底11、第二基底12分别包括基底主体部1a和基底边缘部1b，所述基底主体部1a、1b用于保持或者夹持所述功能层12，所述基底边缘部1b形成一密封结构，用于包覆所述功能层12。
在本实施方式(一)中，所述第一基底11与所述第一导电层121在层叠方向上的总厚度与所述第一基底12与所述第二导电层13在层叠方向上的总厚度相同，均大约为187μm，所述调光层122在层叠方向上的厚度大约为11μm，也就是说，所述调光件1在层叠方向上的总 厚度大约为385μm。
请再次参阅图49，在所述调光件1的外边缘，至少设有一凹槽结构14，所述密封结构位于所述凹槽结构14处。在本实施方式中，所述凹槽结构14在层叠方向上的长度大约为270μm，在其它可能的实施方式中，所述凹槽结构14在层叠方向上的长度可能由于实际操作的变化而改变。
需要说明的是，所述第一导电层121及所述第二导电层123在层叠方向上的厚度较小，厚度值通常在几百nm级别，远低于5μm，且分别与所述第一基底11及所述第二基底13结合的非常紧密，因此，在本申请中，所述第一导电层121及所述第二导电层123在层叠方向上可近似看作所述第一基底11或所述第二基底13的一部分。所述凹槽结构14处的所述调光层122中的材料会被挤出，从而呈现凹槽结构呈透明或半透明状态。在一种可能的实施方式中，所述密封结构15，与所述第一基底11和/或所述第二基底13形成浑然一体。
具体的，在一种可能的实施方式中，所述密封结构15通过第一基底11和/或第二基底13朝功能层12的方向熔融内缩形成。
具体的，在本实施方式中，所述凹槽结构14位于所述第一基底11的部分的纵切面为梯形，在其它可能的实施方式中，所述凹槽结构14的纵切面还可以是矩形、椭圆形等，本申请对此不加以限制。
所述凹槽结构14贯穿所述功能层12，连通所述功能层12邻近所述第一基底11的表面和/或所述功能层12邻近所述第二基底13的表面。高温熔融状态下的所述第一基底11由于受到重力的作用，通过所述凹槽结构14流向所述第二基底13并填充所述凹槽结构14，以形成所述密封结构15。可以理解的，在其它可能的实施方式中，还可以是高温熔融状态下的所述第二基底13由于受到重力的作用，通过所述凹槽结构14流向所述第一基底11；还可以是所述第一基底11及所述第二基底13同时填充所述凹槽结构14，本申请对此不加以限制。
需要说明的是，在本实施方式中，由所述第一基底11朝所述功能层12的方向熔融内缩形成所述密封结构15，则所述第一基底11背离所述功能层12的一侧有至少部分内陷。
为了避免这一问题，请一并参阅图50，图50为本申请实施方式(二)提供的垫高第一基底示意图。具体的，在形成所述凹槽结构14之前，在所述第一基底11对应的部分预先填充垫高部分以形成填充部111，在所述第一基底11熔化并流入所述凹槽结构14，并冷却固化后，所述填充部111可以补充所述第一基底11内陷的部分，经过熔融以使得所述第一基底11背离所述功能层12的一侧较为平整。在本实施方式中，所述填充部111在层叠方向上的厚度范围为所述第一基底11或所述第二基底13在层叠方向上的厚度的1/3-1/2倍。
在其它可能的实施方式中，请一并参阅图51，图51为本申请实施方式(三)提供的填充第一基底示意图。本实施方式(三)与实施方式(二)的区别在于，在形成所述凹槽结构14同时，在所述第一基底11内陷的部分填充所述填充部111，以使得所述第一基底11背离所述功能层12的一侧表面较为平整。外观上，凹槽结构14基本消失，成本虽然有所提高但是更加美观。尤其是，当该调光件1应用于诸如无边框车窗时(但不以此为限)，可以优选考虑采用这种形成凹槽结构14同时再用填充部111“填平”密封结构15。需要说明的是，所述填充部111与所述第一基底11的材料可以相同，也可以不同；所谓“填平”，可以是大致填平，即使得基体主体部与填充部的上表面大致平齐，也可以是完全填平，使得基体主体部与填充部的上表面平齐。可以理解的是，也可以是先形成凹槽结构14，再用填充部111“填平”密封结构15。
在一种可能的实施方式中，请一并参阅图49及图52，图52为本申请实施方式(四)提 供的调光件剖视示意图。所述密封结构15在所述凹槽结构14处的纵切面呈U型或者I型或者II型或者III型或者前述组合。
具体的，如图49所示，所述密封结构15在所述凹槽结构14处的纵切面呈U型；如图52所示，所述密封结构15在所述凹槽结构14处的纵切面呈III型。可以理解的，III型的所述密封结构15与所述第一基底11及所述第二基底13可视为有6个受力接触面，而U型的所述密封结构15与所述第一基底11及所述第二基底13可视为有2个受力接触面。因此，在其它条件相同的情况下，III型的所述密封结构15相较于U型的所述密封结构15能够提供更强的剥离强度。而另一方面，U型的所述密封结构15相较于III型的所述密封结构15制作更加简单、方便。
可以理解的，不同所述密封结构15的形状对所述调光件1的剥离强度的调整不同。本申请附图49、附图52仅仅是一些可能的实施方式，并不代表本申请限制了所述密封结构15的形状。在其它可能的实施方式中，所述密封结构15还可以是其它形状，本申请对此不加以限制。
在一种可能的实施方式中，请再次参阅图48，凹槽结构14包括台阶结构或沟槽结构。当所述凹槽结构14为沟槽结构时，于所述凹槽结构14的***处，设有一围坝结构16，该围坝结构16将槽***调光件1与槽内圈调光件1完全电隔离，所述围坝结构16距离所述凹槽结构14的范围为0.5mm-10mm。
需要说明的是，所述围坝结构16中包括部分依次层叠设置的所述第一基底11、所述功能层12及所述第二基底13，但在所述调光件1完成封边后，所述围坝结构16失去调光作用，而作为进一步保护所述密封结构15的存在。
在本实施方式中，所述围坝结构16距离所述凹槽结构14的范围为0.5mm-10mm，优选的，所述围坝结构16距离所述凹槽结构14的范围为3mm-7mm，具体的，所述围坝结构16距离所述凹槽结构14的距离可以是5.1mm、5.7mm、6.4mm等，本申请对此不加以限制。
当所述凹槽结构14为台阶结构时，请一并参阅图53，图53为本申请实施方式(五)提供的台阶结构示意图。所述凹槽结构14中的所述围坝结构16被切除，以形成几乎没有不调光面积的所述调光件1，以满足新兴的无边框调光夹层玻璃或其它组件、结构制造需要。
在一种可能的实施方式中，请再次参阅图48，所述调光件1还包括导电件17，所述导电件17分别与所述第一导电层121及所述第二导电层123电连接。所述导电件17用于传输电流至所述第一导电层121及所述第二导电层123，以使得所述调光件1进入通电状态。可以理解的，当所述导电件17停止传输电流至所述第一导电层121及所述第二导电层123，所述调光件1进入断电状态。
所述导电件17包括第一电极和第二电极。其中，第一电极电连接于第一导电层121，第二电极电连接于第二导电层123。
在一种可能的实施方式中，请一并参阅图54，图54为本申请实施方式(六)提供的调光件俯视示意图。所述调光件1还至少包括一凹口18，所述凹口18的开设方向可以大致垂直于所述调光件1的层叠方向向外。
具体的，所述凹口18的开设方向如图54箭头所示。在本实施方式(六)中，所述凹口18的开设形状为U型，在其它可能的实施方式中，所述凹口18的形状还可以是V型或者其他形状，且尺寸也可以不同大小搭配，在附图中并未一一列举，本申请对所述凹口18的形状不加以限定。需要补充说明的是，该凹口优选在调光件进行封边之前形成。
需要说明的是，目前较多玻璃，例如车辆上的前档玻璃、车门玻璃、天窗玻璃等，都是 双曲球面形状。因此，一张平整的膜片在双曲球面玻璃上成型后无法铺展开，将产生较多褶皱。
可以理解的，本实施方式(六)通过在所述调光件1的周边开设至少一个所述凹口18，使得成型后的所述调光件1的凹口18区域隐藏在所述调光件1的黑边下，同时可以有效避免褶皱的出现。再将凹口18区域及所述调光件1的外周进行封边，即可将所述调光件1的所述功能层12与外界隔绝开，避免受到外界水汽以及增塑剂的影响。
接下来，将介绍依据本申请提供的所述调光件1的一种调光件的制作方法。本申请还提供了一种调光件的制作方法，请一并参阅图55，图55为本申请实施方式(七)提供的调光件的制作方法流程示意图。所述调光件的制作方法包括步骤S801、S802、S803、S804、S805、S806，步骤S801、S802、S803、S804、S805、S806的详细介绍如下。
S801，提供调光件，所述调光件包括依次层叠设置的第一基底、功能层及第二基底；
具体的，所述调光件1请参阅上文描述，在此不再赘述。
S802，在所述第一基底背离所述功能层的一侧设置加工模具，所述第二基底背离所述功能层的一侧设置承载台；
具体的，请一并参阅图56，图56为本申请实施方式(八)提供的模具及承载台示意图。在本实施方式中，所述模具2为圆轮形状，并抵接于所述第一基底11。当所述模具2开始对所述第一基底11压制时，承载台高频振动，将所述第一基底11与所述模具2接触的部分功能层粉粹，并推集到所述模具2的两侧；接着第一基底和第二基底直接摩擦，高温熔融；在亚秒时间内完成亚毫米膜片封边；圆轮继续均速转动，在新的位置上重复上述过程。这样，封边工作连续不断地开展下去，直到完成外周全封闭完整封边。
所述承载台3可以选用圆型、表面平整的铁砧，抵接于所述第二基底13并用于承载所述调光件1。当所述模具2滚动时，所述模具2还用于带动所述调光件1在所述承载台3上沿所述模具2的滚动方向作平移运动，以对所述调光件1不同部位进行打磨。
S803，所述模具压紧所述第一基底，并与第二基底作平行于模具方向，且沿地平面平行的水平方向与承载台作相对的来回往复的振动，对所述功能层产生局部摩擦；
具体的，当所述模具2对所述第一基底11打磨时，所述第一基底11与所述功能层12由于不断振动、位移而产生局部摩擦，同时，所述承载台3沿平行于所述模具2的方向作高频振动，并带动所述第二基底13产生振动、位移，从而使得所述第二基底13与所述功能层12产生局部摩擦，局部摩擦生热温度升高，使得模具紧邻的局部功能层更容易被粉粹，并被推向两侧，同时第一基底和第二基底在模具附近局部变成熔融状态；
在本实施方式中，由于所述调光层122的结构强度相对于所述第一导电层121及第二导电层123的结构强度较弱，在所述第一基底11及所述第二基底13的局部摩擦作用下，所述功能层12中的所述调光层122先被摩擦除去，并被所述模具2推集于所述模具2的打磨方向的两侧。进一步的，所述第一导电层121与所述第二导电层123之间互相摩擦、撕裂，并被所述模具2推集于所述模具2的打磨方向的两侧，以形成所述凹槽结构14。
S804，所述功能层在局部摩擦的作用下形成凹槽结构，所述第一基底在高温熔融状态下与所述第二基底相互抵接后，冷却固化以形成致密的密封结构；
所述第一基底11以及所述第二基底13在持续的局部摩擦作用下局部温度迅速升高，在经过了软化温度后，达到熔化温度进而局部熔化。所述第一基底11熔化的部分由于重力作用，流向所述第二基底13，并与所述第二基底13的熔化部分融为一体，形成凹槽结构。待所述第一基底11及所述第二基底13熔化的部分冷却固化后形成所述密封结构15，所述密封结构 15牢固连接于所述第一基底11及所述第二基底13，增强了所述调光件1的整体结构的剥离强度。
所谓剥离强度是指，粘贴在一起的材料，从接触面进行单位宽度剥离时所需要的最大力。举例而言，在本实施方式中，形成所述密封结构15之前，所述调光件1在剥离角度180°下的剥离强度为0.059N(牛顿)/mm；形成所述密封结构15之后，在相同剥离角度下，所述密封结构15处的剥离强度为2.5N/mm，提高了50倍的剥离强度。
需要说明的是，在本实施方式中，通过调整所述模具2的打磨速度、所述承载台3的振动频率等参数，使得步骤S804的过程在0.01-100毫秒内完成。可以理解的，例如，将所述模具2的打磨速度加快、所述承载台3的振动频率提高，可以缩短步骤S804的过程耗时；反之亦然，将所述模具2的打磨速度减慢、所述承载台3的振动频率降低，可以延长步骤S804的过程耗时，本申请对此不加以限制，可以根据实际情况作出调整。
S805，在所述调光件外周边缘内形成至少一个完整的密封结构，完成封边。
具体的，在本实施方式中，可以通过所述模具2滚动，带动所述调光件1移动，从而在所述调光件1的不同部位重复上述步骤，即可形成多个连续的所述密封结构15，使得连续的所述密封结构15形成一个整体，连通所述调光件1垂直于层叠方向上相对的两侧边界，完成封边。在其它可能的实施方式中，还可以在所述调光件1的另一侧重复上述步骤，形成另一个连通所述调光件1垂直于层叠方向上相对的两侧边界的所述密封结构15。可以理解的，位于相邻所述密封结构15之间的所述功能层12受到所述密封结构15的保护，避免外界环境气体或溶剂对所述功能层12造成损害。
需要说明的是，在本实施方式中，所述密封结构15为基本透明或半透明的。在所述调光件1为断电状态时，PDLC为高雾度的不透明膜片，SPD及EC为带有颜色的膜片。因此，本申请提供的所述调光件的制作方法可视化程度高，可以根据所述调光件1的所述密封结构15的透明程度等特征判断封边的完整性和可靠性。
可以理解的，在本实施方式中，所述第一基底11在高温熔融后，流入并填充所述凹槽结构14，使得所述第一基底11在冷却固化后形成所述密封结构15，所述密封结构15牢固连接于所述第二基底13，增强了所述调光件1的剥离强度。同时，所述调光件1的表面结构较为均匀，整体强度较大，不易受到损坏。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述模具2与所述承载台3之间的距离小于所述调光件1在层叠方向上的厚度。
具体的，所述模具2与所述承载台3之间的距离小于所述调光件1在层叠方向上的厚度，以使得所述模具2对所述第一基底11造成挤压力的同时，所述承载台3对所述第二基底13造成挤压力，也就是说，所述调光件1夹设于所述模具2及所述承载台3之间。
可以理解的，所述模具2与所述承载台3之间的距离越小，所述模具2对所述第一基底11造成的挤压力越大，所述承载台3对所述第二基底13造成的挤压力也越大。虽然说所述模具2与所述承载台3之间的距离越小，所述第一基底11及所述第二基底13对所述功能层12产生的局部摩擦效果越好，但为了避免所述模具2以及所述承载台3造成的挤压力对所述调光件1造成损害，所述模具2与所述承载台3之间的距离也不宜过小。在本实施方式中，所述调光件1在层叠方向上的厚度与所述模具2与所述承载台3之间的距离的差值应强度阈值，所述强度阈值根据所述调光件1的层级结构、材质可能发生变化，本申请对此不加以限制。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述承载台3产生高频振动，且振动频率的范围为 20KHz-40KHz。
具体的，所述承载台3产生高频振动以带动所述第二基底13产生振动，从而与所述功能层12产生局部摩擦。可以理解的，所述承载台3的振动频率影响所述第二基底13与所述功能层12的局部摩擦的程度。
在本实施方式中，所述承载台3的振动频率的范围为20KHz-40KHz，优选的，所述承载台3的振动频率的范围为27KHz-36KHz。具体的，所述承载台3的振动频率可以是29KHz、31KHz、35KHz，本申请对此不加以限制。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述模具2包括至少一条围设于所述模具2外侧的模具21，所述模具21在所述模具2上围设的宽度范围为0.2mm-10mm。
具体的，所述模具2对所述第一基底11进行打磨，主要是所述模具21与所述第一基底11产生局部摩擦，也就是说，所述凹槽结构14的形成以及形状都与所述模具21的相关。所述模具21在所述模具2上围设的宽度，直接影响了所述凹槽结构14的孔径大小。在本实施方式中，所述模具21在所述模具2上围设的宽度范围为0.2mm-10mm，优选的，所述模具21在所述模具2上围设的宽度范围为0.5mm-3mm，更优选的，所述模具21在所述模具2上围设的宽度范围为0.8mm-2.6mm，具体的，所述模具21在所述模具2上围设的宽度可以是1mm、1.5mm、2.0mm等，只要不影响所述凹槽结构14可以通过所述第一基底11或所述第二基底13的熔融部分，本申请对此不加以限制。
如图56所示，当所述模具21的数量大于等于两个时，多个所述模具21间隔设置，可以形成不同形状的所述凹槽结构14，进而形成不同形状的所述密封结构15。需要说明的是，所述多个模具21，可以是至少一条模具21与所述第一基底11产生局部摩擦，而另一模具21与所述第二基底12产生局部摩擦。可以理解的，所述模具21的形状会影响所述凹槽结构14的形状。所述模具21也可以单个，包括至少一条平行于所述模具外侧的凹凸图案，如矩形、圆形等简单图案，也可以是花边、锯齿、轮胎纹理等各种复杂图案，以使得最终形成于所述凹槽结构14内的所述密封结构15的形状更加美观。凹槽结构可以是单道，或者双道，或者多道。双道以上时，优选至少有一道是连续并且完整的。此外，模具21还可以具有特殊的形状，可以有一道或多道齿印(如类似轮胎纹理)，齿印可以是连续的，也可以是不连续的，或者交错排列，有利于形成具有较强剥离强度、封边强度的所述密封结构15，本申请对此不加以限制。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述凹槽结构14贯穿所述功能层12，连通所述功能层12邻近所述第一基底11的表面和/或所述功能层邻近所述第二基底13的表面。
在一种可能的实施方式中，请再次参阅图54，所述凹槽结构14包括台阶结构或沟槽结构，在所述“在所述调光件内形成至少一个密封结构，完成封边”之后，所述调光件的制作方法还包括步骤S806，步骤S806的详细介绍如下。
S806，切除所述沟槽结构的围坝结构，以形成所述台阶结构。具体的，所述围坝结构16还可以被切除，尤其是在制作无印刷黑边的无边框调光夹层玻璃时(不以此为限)，以减小所述调光件1的占用体积，使得所述调光件1可以集成于不调光边缘更少的夹层玻璃或其它组件或结构中。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述模具2的材质为金属材质。具体的，所述模具2为金属材质，由于金属材质通常具有较好的散热性及强度。可以理解的，一方面，所述模具2在对所述第一基底11进行加工时，由于摩擦会产生较大的热量，当所述模具2为金属材质时，可以使得所述模具2更好的进行散热，从而有利于工作的持续进行；另一方面，所述模具2需 要一定的强度才能对所述第一基底11进行加工，通常情况下，金属材质都具有较大的强度，以便于所述模具2对所述第一基底11进行加工。
在一种可能的实施方式中，请再次参阅图49，所述凹槽结构14贯穿所述功能层12，连通所述功能层12邻近所述第一基底11的表面和/或所述功能层12邻近所述第二基底13的表面。
具体的，所述凹槽结构14连通所述功能层12邻近所述第一基底11的表面与所述功能层12邻近所述第二基底13的表面，以使得所述第一导电层121、所述调光层122及所述第二导电层123邻近所述凹槽结构14的一侧形成断层结构。需要说明的是，在现有技术中，可能使用激光或机械器件对所述调光件1进行切割，使得所述第一导电层121与所述第二导电层123经常出现短路现象，还需要高电压击穿短路部分的步骤。
可以理解的，在本实施方式中，所述第一导电层121、所述调光层122及所述第二导电层123邻近所述凹槽结构14的一侧形成断层结构，避免了所述第一导电层121与所述第二导电层123可能出现短路的问题，节省了所述调光件1的制作步骤。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一基底11及所述第二基底13在层叠方向上的厚度范围分别为30μm-200μm，所述功能层12包括依次层叠设置的第一导电层121、调光层122及第二导电层123，所述第一导电层121及所述第二导电层123在层叠方向上的厚度范围分别为0.1μm-5μm，且方阻值范围分别为5-200Ω/□，所述调光层122在层叠方向上的厚度范围为1μm-20μm。
需要说明的是，所述调光件1通常应用于玻璃中，为了避免玻璃的整体厚度过厚，在本实施方式中，所述第一基底11及所述第二基底13在层叠方向上的厚度范围分别为30μm-200μm，优选的，所述第一基底11及所述第二基底13在层叠方向上的厚度范围分别为45μm-185μm，具体的，所述第一基底11及所述第二基底13在层叠方向上的厚度可以是50μm、100μm、180μm等，本申请对此不加以限制。
具体的，所述第一导电层121及所述第二导电层123在层叠方向上的厚度范围分别为0.1μm-5μm，优选的，所述第一导电层121及所述第二导电层123在层叠方向上的厚度范围分别为0.5μm-3μm，具体的，所述第一导电层121及所述第二导电层123在层叠方向上的厚度分别可以是1μm、1.7μm、2.4μm等。可以理解的，在其它可能的实施方式中，所述第一导电层121与所述第二导电层123在层叠方向上的厚度还可以是不同的，本申请对此不加以限制。
在本实施方式中，需要说明的是，当所述调光件1为PDLC时，所述调光层122在层叠方向上的厚度范围为10μm-20μm；当所述调光件1为SPD、EC时，所述调光层122在层叠方向上的厚度范围为1μm-20μm。优选的，所述调光层122在层叠方向上的厚度范围为4μm-18μm，具体的，所述调光层122在层叠方向上的厚度可以是7μm、9μm、13μm等，本申请对此不加以限制。
在一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一基底11与所述第二基底13的材质为PET、PMMA、PC中的任意一种。
具体的，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚碳酸酯(PC)均为具有优秀的热塑性的聚合物材质。优选的，所述第一基底11与所述第二基底13的材质为PET。可以理解的，所述第一基底11与所述第二基底13选用具有优秀的热塑性的聚合物材质，以使得所述第一基底11与所述第二基底13在局部摩擦的作用下更好地熔融，并通过所述凹槽结构14互相融为一体，冷却固化后形成所述密封结构15。
可以理解的，在其它可能的实施方式中，所述第一基底11与所述第二基底13的材质还可以是其它材质，只要不影响所述密封结构15的形成，本申请对此不加以限制。
本申请还提供了一种透光组件4，请一并参阅图57，图57为本申请实施方式(九)提供的透光组件剖视示意图。所述透光组件4包括第一透光件41、第二透光件42及如上文所述的调光件1，所述调光件1夹设于所述第一透光件41与第二透光件42之间。
具体的，所述调光件1请参阅上文描述，在此不再赘述。所述透光组件4通常还包括连接部42，所述第一透光件41通过所述连接部43与所述调光件1的所述第一基底11连接，第二玻透明42通过所述连接部43与所述调光件1的所述第二基底13连接。第一透光件或第二透光件可以分别采用无机玻璃、有机玻璃，或者两种混合等。
在本实施方式中，所述连接部43采用聚乙烯醇缩丁醛酯(PVB)材料。可以理解的，所述调光件1应用于所述透光组件4，具有较强的剥离强度，所述调光件1可牢固固定于所述透光组件4中。所述调光件1的层级结构较为均匀，整体强度较大，不易受到损坏，同时使得所述透光组件4更加美观。
需要补充说明的是，在现有技术中，透光组件中的粘合层，比如PVB往往还需要加入增塑剂等材料以改善高分子材料的性能，当调光件为PDLC材料时，增塑剂等材料会使得调光件的外周缘大约3-15mm左右的部分失去调光功能，即变为透明并不具备调光作用，且会随着时间增长进一步扩散。即便采用无增塑剂，如EVA合片后，高温条件也会劣化2～12mm。现有技术的调光件进行封边后，还需要通过在110℃下的高温下进行1000小时热老化测试。实验表明，通过本申请提供的调光件的制作方法制作的调光件，其外周缘仅有1mm左右甚至不超过0.9mm的部分失去调光功能，并且不存在进一步扩散的问题，相对于现有技术具有较大改善以及更优的技术效果。
本申请还提供了一种车辆5，请一并参阅图58，图58为本申请实施方式(十)提供的车辆俯视示意图。所述车辆5采用包括如上文所述的透光组件4。
需要说明的是，通常情况下，所述车辆5还包括车架51，所述透光组件4承载安装于所述车架51上。具体的，所述透光组件4请参阅上文描述，在此不再赘述。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本申请的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型，这些改进和润饰也视为本申请的保护范围。

Claims (27)

  1. 一种调光件，其特征在于，所述调光件包括第一电极、第二电极、调光膜，所述调光膜包括依次层叠设置的第一基底、第一导电层、调光层、第二导电层、第二基底，所述调光层、第一导电层、第二导电层形成收容空间，所述第一电极和所述第二电极设置于所述收容空间内，所述第一电极贴附于所述第一导电层背离所述第一基底的一侧且电连接于所述第一导电层，所述第二电极贴附于所述第二导电层背离所述第二基底的一侧且电连接于所述第二导电层。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的调光件，其特征在于，所述收容空间包括间隔设置的第一子空间和第二子空间，所述第一电极设置于所述第一子空间内，所述第二电极设置于所述第二子空间内。
  3. 如权利要求1-2任意一项所述的调光件，其特征在于，所述调光件具有密封结构，至少部分所述密封结构沿所述调光件的周缘设置，所述密封结构处的第一基底和第二基底相连接。
  4. 一种调光件的制作方法，其特征在于，所述制作方法包括：
    提供调光膜，所述调光膜包括层叠设置第一膜层、调光层及第二膜层，所述第一膜层包括层叠设置的第一基底和第一导电层，所述第二膜层包括层叠设置的第二基底和第二导电层，所述调光层位于所述第一导电层和所述第二导电层之间，所述调光膜包含第一区域和第二区域；
    将位于所述第一区域内的所述第一膜层和所述第二膜层往远离彼此的方向相背剥开，以显露出所述第一区域内的所述调光层；
    清除位于所述第一区域内的所述第一导电层上的至少部分所述调光层；
    在位于所述第一区域内的第一导电层上贴附第一电极；
    清除位于所述第一区域内的所述第二导电层上的至少部分所述调光层；
    在位于所述第一区域内的第二导电层上贴附第二电极。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的调光件的制作方法，其特征在于，“将位于所述第一区域内的所述第一膜层和所述第二膜层往远离彼此的方向相背剥开，以显露出所述第一区域内的所述调光层”包括：
    沿第一预设路径裁剪位于所述第一区域内的调光膜，以形成第一子区域；
    将位于所述第一子区域内的所述第一膜层和所述第二膜层往远离彼此的方向相背剥开，以显露出位于所述第一子区域内的所述调光层；
    沿第二预设路径裁剪位于所述第一区域内的调光膜，以形成第二子区域；
    将位于所述第二子区域内的所述第一膜层和所述第二膜层往远离彼此的方向相背剥开，以显露出位于所述第二子区域内的所述调光层。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的调光件的制作方法，其特征在于，“清除位于所述第一区域内的所述第一导电层上的至少部分所述调光层”包括：
    清除位于所述第一子区域内的所述第一导电层和所述第二导电层上的所述调光层。
  7. 如权利要求4所述的调光件的制作方法，其特征在于，“在位于所述第一区域内的第一导电层上贴附第一电极”包括：
    在位于所述第一区域内的第一导电层背离所述第一基底的表面形成第一粘接层，或，在所述第一电极的表面形成第一粘接层；
    将所述第一电极通过所述第一粘接层贴附于位于所述第一区域内的第一导电层。
  8. 如权利要求4-7任意一项所述的调光件的制作方法，其特征在于，“在位于所述第一区域内的第二导电层上贴附第二电极”之后，还包括：
    在所述调光膜的周缘形成密封结构，其中，所述密封结构处的第一基底和第二基底相连接。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的调光件的制作方法，其特征在于，“在所述调光膜的周缘形成密封结构”包括：
    提供第一加工件和第二加工件；
    将所述调光膜设置于第一加工件和第二加工件之间，其中，所述第一加工件抵接于所述调光膜的第一基底，所述第二加工件抵接于所述调光膜的第二基底；
    利用所述第一加工件和所述第二加工件的配合作用在所述调光膜的周缘形成密封结构，其中，所述第一加工件可转动，所述第二加工件可振动。
  10. 一种调光件，其特征在于，所述调光件包括调光膜，所述调光膜包括依次层叠设置的第一基底、功能层及第二基底；在所述功能层的***设有一密封结构，所述密封结构通过第一基底与第二基底包裹所述功能层形成。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的调光件，其特征在于，所述第一基底、第二基底分别包括基底主体部和基底边缘部，所述功能层位于第一基底的基底主体部和第二基底的基底主体部之间，所述基底边缘部形成一密封结构，用于包覆所述功能层。
  12. 如权利要求10所述的调光件，其特征在于，所述密封结构通过第一基底与所述第二基底相互抵接熔融形成。
  13. 如权利要求10所述的调光件，其特征在于，在所述调光件的外边缘，至少设有一凹槽结构，所述密封结构位于所述凹槽结构处。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的调光件，其特征在于，所述凹槽结构背离所述密封结构的一侧设置有填充部。
  15. 如权利要求13所述的调光件，其特征在于，所述凹槽结构通过所述第一基底和/或所述第二基底朝功能层的方向熔融内缩形成。
  16. 如权利要求13所述的调光件，其特征在于，所述凹槽结构贯穿所述功能层外周边缘，连通所述功能层邻近所述第一基底的表面和/或所述功能层邻近所述第二基底的表面。
  17. 如权利要求13所述的调光件，其特征在于，所述凹槽结构包括台阶结构或沟槽结构。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的调光件，其特征在于，于所述凹槽结构的***处，留设有一围坝结构，所述围坝结构距离所述沟槽结构的范围为0.5mm-10mm。
  19. 一种调光件的制作方法，其特征在于，所述调光件的制作方法包括：
    (1)提供调光件，所述调光件包括依次层叠设置的第一基底、功能层及第二基底；
    (2)在所述第一基底背离所述功能层的一侧设置加工模具，所述第二基底背离所述功能层的一侧设置承载台；
    (3)所述模具压紧所述第一基底，并与第二基底作平行于模具方向，且沿地平面平行的水平方向与承载台作相对的来回往复的振动，对所述功能层产生局部摩擦，使得模具紧邻的局部功能层更容易被粉粹，并被推向两侧，同时第一基底和第二基底在模具附近局部变成熔融状态；
    (4)所述功能层在局部摩擦的作用下形成凹槽结构，所述第一基底在高温熔融状态下与所述第二基底相互抵接后，冷却固化以形成密封结构；
    (5)在所述调光件外周边缘内形成至少一个完整的密封结构，完成封边。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的调光件的制作方法，其特征在于，所述承载台的振动频率的范围为20KHz-40KHz。
  21. 如权利要求19所述的调光件的制作方法，其特征在于，所述模具包括至少一条平行于所述模具外侧的凹凸图案，所述凹凸图案在所述模具上的宽度范围为0.2mm-10mm。
  22. 如权利要求19所述的调光件的制作方法，其特征在于，所述调光件还留设一位于所述凹槽结构***的围坝结构，“在所述调光件外周边缘内形成至少一个密封结构，完成封边”之后，所述调光件的制作方法还包括：
    切除所述围坝结构。
  23. 如权利要求19所述的调光件的制作方法，其特征在于，在形成所述凹槽结构之前，所述第一基底和/或所述第二基底背离所述功能层的一侧表面设置有填充部。
  24. 如权利要求23所述的调光件的制作方法，其特征在于，所述填充部在层叠方向上的厚度范围为所述第一基底或所述第二基底在层叠方向上的厚度的1/3-1/2倍。
  25. 如权利要求19所述的调光件的制作方法，其特征在于，在形成所述凹槽结构之后或者同时，于所述凹槽结构背离所述密封结构的一侧设置有填充部。
  26. 一种透光组件，其特征在于，所述透光组件包括第一透光件、第二透光件及如权利要求1-3、10-18任意一项所述的调光件，所述调光件位于所述第一透光件与所述第二透光件之间。
  27. 一种车辆，其特征在于，所述车辆包括如权利要求26所述的透光组件。
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