WO2023098853A1 - 卡博替尼共晶及制备方法以及作为药物或在药物制剂中的应用 - Google Patents

卡博替尼共晶及制备方法以及作为药物或在药物制剂中的应用 Download PDF

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WO2023098853A1
WO2023098853A1 PCT/CN2022/136101 CN2022136101W WO2023098853A1 WO 2023098853 A1 WO2023098853 A1 WO 2023098853A1 CN 2022136101 W CN2022136101 W CN 2022136101W WO 2023098853 A1 WO2023098853 A1 WO 2023098853A1
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crystal
cabozantinib
ratio
combined
xrpd
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刘晓忠
郑和校
李郡
靳奇峰
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湖南湘源美东医药科技有限公司
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/47Quinolines; Isoquinolines
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00Antineoplastic agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C59/00Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
    • C07C59/235Saturated compounds containing more than one carboxyl group
    • C07C59/245Saturated compounds containing more than one carboxyl group containing hydroxy or O-metal groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D215/00Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
    • C07D215/02Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D215/16Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D215/20Oxygen atoms
    • C07D215/22Oxygen atoms attached in position 2 or 4
    • C07D215/233Oxygen atoms attached in position 2 or 4 only one oxygen atom which is attached in position 4

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  • the present invention relates to a co-crystal formed by cabozantinib, a preparation method thereof and its application as a medicine or in a pharmaceutical preparation for the treatment of progressive, metastatic medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) patients, renal cancer and prostate cancer.
  • MTC metastatic medullary thyroid cancer
  • Cabozantinib is an anticancer drug developed by Exelixis. Its indications for the treatment of metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma and kidney cancer were approved by the FDA in November 2012 and April 2016, respectively. In addition, Its indication for the treatment of liver cancer was also approved by the FDA in January 2019. Cabozantinib is marketed as (S)-malate.
  • the Chinese patent application CN102388024A of Exeli Axis Company discloses the 1:1 malate of cabozantinib.
  • WO2015177758 A1 discloses crystal form 1, crystal form 2, crystal form 3 and crystal form 4 of compound I, wherein crystal form 4 is a better crystal form, but this crystal form also has low solubility, fluidity, compressibility, The problem of poor tensile strength and adhesion. Therefore, a large number of experimental studies are still needed to provide more crystal forms and forms with better properties to support the development of drugs.
  • Cabozantinib is a multi-target small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor, including nine targets of MET, VEGFR1 23, ROS1, RET, AXL, NTRK, and KIT.
  • cabozantinib The most common adverse reactions of cabozantinib included: diarrhea (63%), oral inflammation (51%), PPES or hand-foot syndrome (50%), weight loss (48%), decreased appetite (46%), nausea ( 43%), fatigue (41%), mouth pain (36%), hair color change (34%), taste disturbance (34%), high blood pressure (33%), constipation (27%), abdominal pain (27%) , vomiting (24%), weakness (21%), dysarthria (20%), rash (19%), dry skin (19%), headache (18%), hair loss (16%), dizziness (14%) , arthralgia (14%), dysphagia (13%), muscle cramps (12%), erythema (11%), dyspepsia (11%),
  • Grade 3-4 adverse reactions include: diarrhea (16%), PPES (hand-foot syndrome) (13%), fatigue (9%), hypertension (8%), weakness (6%), oral inflammation (5%) , weight loss (5%), decreased appetite (5%), dysphagia (4%), abdominal pain (3%), oral pain (2%), nausea (2%), dehydration (2%), erythema (1 %), hypotension (1%), rash (1%), arthralgia (1%), musculoskeletal chest pain (1%), nausea (1%).
  • the most common abnormal laboratory data in the cabozantinib group included: increased AST (86%), increased ALT (86%), decreased lymphocytes (53%), increased ALP (52%), hypocalcemia ( 52%), neutropenia (35%), thrombocytopenia (35%), hypophosphatemia (28%), hyperbilirubin (25%), hypomagnesemia (19%), hypokalemia hyperemia (18%), hyponatremia (10%).
  • the co-crystals of the present invention can meet one or more objectives such as but not limited to improved solubility, stability and bioavailability and better safety in pharmaceutical applications.
  • the present invention relates to the co-crystal of cabozantinib and gallic acid, DL-tartaric acid, maleic acid and piperazine.
  • the active substance is selected from cabozantinib
  • the co-crystal precursor is selected from gallic acid, DL-tartaric acid, maleic acid, piperazine.
  • co-crystals of the present invention are formed when cabozantinib (active pharmaceutical ingredient API) and gallic acid, DL-tartaric acid, maleic acid, piperazine (co-crystal precursor) are bound together by hydrogen bonding. In some embodiments, other non-covalent bonds and covalent interactions may also exist in the co-crystal.
  • One aspect of the invention contemplates cabozantinib-based co-crystals that provide sufficient levels of bioavailability to be therapeutically effective in pharmaceutical applications and to maintain levels for a therapeutically effective period of time.
  • the cabozantinib co-crystal designed in the present invention has better solubility and stability, is convenient for storage and use; and can be directly used for the preparation of solid preparations, and has good powder properties.
  • Figure 1 shows the X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern of cabozantinib and gallic acid co-crystal.
  • Figure 2 shows the X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) patterns of cabozantinib and DL-tartaric acid co-crystals.
  • Figure 3 shows the X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) patterns of cabozantinib and maleic acid co-crystals.
  • Figure 4 shows the X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern of cabozantinib and piperazine co-crystals.
  • Figure 5 shows the effect of cabozantinib co-crystals on the survival rate of medullary thyroid cancer cells.
  • Figure 6 shows the effect of cabozantinib co-crystal on the survival rate of renal cancer cell line 786-O.
  • Figure 7 shows the effect of cabozantinib co-crystal on the survival rate of prostate cancer cell PC-3.
  • the invention relates to a co-crystal of cabozantinib and a preparation method thereof.
  • the co-crystal contains cabozantinib and the co-crystal precursors gallic acid, DL-tartaric acid, maleic acid, piperazine.
  • cabozantinib and gallic acid are combined in a 1:1 ratio.
  • the co-crystal contained an X-ray diffraction pattern as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the co-crystal has an X-ray diffraction pattern substantially similar to that shown in FIG. 1 .
  • cabozantinib and DL-tartaric acid are combined in a 1:1 ratio.
  • the co-crystal has an XRPD pattern comprised of 10.280°, 11.380°, 13.860°, 15.801°, 17.901°, 20.639°, 22.960°, and 27.881° (rounded to 10.3°, 11.4°, 13.9°, 15.8 °, 17.9°, 20.6°, 23.0° and 27.9°) (corresponding to d-spacing) peaks at diffraction angles 2 ⁇ of ⁇ 0.2°.
  • the co-crystal comprises an XRPD pattern at diffraction angles 2 ⁇ of 10.280°, 11.380°, 13.860°, 15.801°, 17.901°, 20.639°, 22.960°, and 27.881° ⁇ 0.1°. In some embodiments, the co-crystal comprises an XRPD pattern at diffraction angles 2 ⁇ of 10.280°, 11.380°, 13.860°, 15.801°, 17.901°, 20.639°, 22.960°, and 27.881° ⁇ 0.05°. In some embodiments, the co-crystal comprises an X-ray diffraction pattern as shown in FIG. 2 . In some embodiments, the co-crystal has an X-ray diffraction pattern substantially similar to that shown in FIG. 2 .
  • cabozantinib and maleic acid co-crystal are combined in a 1:1 ratio.
  • the co-crystal had an XRPD pattern comprised of 6.999°, 8.760°, 10.159°, 11.919°, 13.939°, 17.460°, 23.381° and 25.359° (rounded to 7.0°, 8.8°, 10.2°, 11.9°, respectively , 13.9°, 17.5°, 23.4 and 25.4°) (corresponding to d-spacing) peaks at diffraction angles 2 ⁇ of ⁇ 0.2°.
  • the co-crystal comprises an XRPD pattern at diffraction angles 2 ⁇ of 6.999°, 8.760°, 10.159°, 11.919°, 13.939°, 17.460°, 23.381° and 25.359° ⁇ 0.1°. In some embodiments, the co-crystal comprises an XRPD pattern at diffraction angles 2 ⁇ of 6.999°, 8.760°, 10.159°, 11.919°, 13.939°, 17.460°, 23.381°, and 25.359° ⁇ 0.05°. In some embodiments, the co-crystal comprises an X-ray diffraction pattern as shown in FIG. 3 . In some embodiments, the co-crystal has an X-ray diffraction pattern substantially similar to that shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the cabozantinib and piperazine co-crystals are combined in a 1:2 ratio.
  • the co-crystal has an XRPD pattern.
  • the co-crystal comprises an X-ray diffraction pattern as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the co-crystal has an X-ray diffraction pattern substantially similar to that shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the co-crystal of the present invention comprises: gallic acid, DL-tartaric acid, maleic acid, piperazine as co-former; and cabozantinib as co-former and active drug Ingredients (APIs).
  • cabozantinib and gallic acid, DL-tartaric acid, maleic acid are combined in a 1:1 ratio.
  • cabozantinib and maleic acid are combined in a 1:2 ratio.
  • the solid state of the co-crystal of the present invention is any crystalline polymorph or other mixture. Co-crystals can also be made in amorphous form, which can be combined with any crystalline form. In other embodiments, the solid state of the co-crystal is an amorphous form, different forms of the co-crystal of the present invention can be obtained by different crystallization processes, and the co-crystal can be made into an amorphous form using known techniques.
  • co-crystals of the present invention can be prepared by methods comprising:
  • the solvent used is selected from ethanol;
  • the solvent used is selected from isopropanol;
  • the solvent used is selected from water;
  • the solvent used Solvent is selected from ethanol;
  • step (b) adding cabozantinib to dissolve or suspend in a solvent together with or after step (a);
  • reaction time can be selected from 0.1-24 hours, during which the temperature described in (a) is kept and stirred;
  • the specific conditions of the process can be adjusted, and the appropriate ratios are in the following molar ranges: 1:0.1-1:20, 1:0.2-1:20, 1:0.3-1:20, 1:0.3-1:20, 0.4-1:20, 1:0.5-1:20, 1:0.6-1:20, 1:0.7-1:20, 1:0.8-1:20, 1:0.9-1:20, 1:1- 1:20, 1:2-1:20, 1:3-1:20, 1:4-1:20, 1:5-1:20, 1:6-1:18, 1:7-1: 15. 1:8-1:13, 1:9-1:12 or 1:10-1:11.
  • a suitable ratio is about 1:1 (molar).
  • the period of time for pulping or stirring the mixture may be in the range of: 0.1-24 hours, 0.2-12 hours, 0.25-6 hours, 0.3-2 hours, 0.4-1 hours, or 0.5-1 hours Hour. In some embodiments, the time period for pulping or stirring the mixture may be about 0.5 hours.
  • co-crystal compounds can be obtained by drying, filtering, centrifuging, pipetting, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, co-crystal compounds can be obtained by centrifugation.
  • Cabozantinib co-crystal inhibits prostate cancer xenografts in nude mice
  • PC-3m cells in logarithmic growth phase were treated with 0.25% trypsin digestion solution, washed twice with PBS solution, and the cell suspension density of serum-free medium was adjusted to 1 ⁇ 10 7 /ml.
  • On an ultra-clean workbench use a 1ml disposable sterile syringe to inoculate 0.2ml of cell solution per nude mouse subcutaneously in the right quarter, with a cell number of 2 ⁇ 10 6 .
  • Subcutaneous nodules were visible to the naked eye 7 days after inoculation. 14 days after inoculation, the transplanted tumor can be seen to be about 5 mm 2 , which means that the modeling is successful.
  • the rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, 20 in each group. 1 20 rats in the treatment group were given 30 mg/kg (calculated as cabozantinib) cabozantinib and cabozantinib co-crystal for 14 consecutive days. 2 The 20 rats in the model group were administered with normal saline (30 mg/kg) for 14 consecutive days after successful modeling. 3The 20 rats in the control group were not modeled, but were only administered with normal saline (30 mg/kg) for 14 consecutive days. At the end of the treatment, the animals were sacrificed, the tumor tissues were dissected, and the tumor tissues of the three groups of rats were weighed and the tumor inhibition rates were calculated.
  • the tumor weight and tumor volume in the model group and the treatment group increased significantly; compared with the model group, the tumor weight decreased and the tumor inhibition rate increased significantly in the treatment group. And in the treatment group, the tumor inhibition rate of cabozantinib co-crystal was significantly higher than that of cabozantinib group and L-malate cabozantinib group.

Abstract

涉及卡博替尼的共晶体、其制备方法以及它作为药物或在药物制剂中的应用,更特别是用于治疗进展性转移甲状腺髓样癌(MTC)、肾癌、***癌的应用。所述共晶体具有良好的溶解度、较好的稳定性和工艺可开发性等,且制备的方法简单,成本低廉,对未来该药物的优化和开发具有重要价值。

Description

卡博替尼共晶及制备方法以及作为药物或在药物制剂中的应用 技术领域
本发明涉及卡博替尼形成的共晶体及其制备的方法以及它作为药物或在药物制剂中治疗进展性,转移甲状腺髓样癌(MTC)患者,肾癌、***癌的应用。
技术背景
卡博替尼(cabozantinib)是由Exelixis公司研发的抗癌药物,其用于治疗转移性甲状腺髓样癌、肾癌的适应症分别于2012年11月和2016年4月获FDA批准,此外,其用于治疗肝癌的适应症也于2019年1月获得FDA批准。卡博替尼以(S)-苹果酸盐的形式上市。
埃克塞里艾克西斯公司的中国专利申请CN102388024A公开了卡博替尼的1:1苹果酸盐。2012年,美国FDA批准该公司的卡博替尼苹果酸盐(1:1)上市,商品名为COMETRIQ。WO2015177758 A1公开了化合物I的晶型1,晶型2,晶型3和晶型4,其中晶型4为较优的晶型,但是该晶型同样存在溶解度低,流动性、可压性、抗张强度、黏附性较差的问题。因此,仍需要进行大量的实验研究来提供更多的性质更好的晶型和形式,以支持药物的开发。
卡博替尼代号XL184,是一个多靶点小分子酪氨酸激酶抑制剂,包括MET、VEGFR1 23、ROS1、RET、AXL、NTRK、KIT九大靶点。卡博替尼最常见的不良反应包括:腹泻(63%)、口腔炎症(51%)、PPES即手足综合征(50%)、体重减轻(48%)、食欲减退(46%)、恶心(43%)、疲乏(41%)、口腔疼痛(36%)、头发颜色改变(34%)、味觉障碍(34%)、高血压(33%)、便秘(27%)、腹痛(27%)、呕吐(24%)、虚弱(21%)、发音困难(20%)、皮疹(19%)、皮肤干燥(19%)、头痛(18%)、脱发(16%)、头晕(14%)、关节痛(14%)、吞咽困难(13%)、肌肉痉挛(12%)、红斑(11%)、消化不良(11%),
其中3-4级不良反应包括:腹泻(16%)、PPES即手足综合征(13%)、疲乏(9%)、高血压(8%)、虚弱(6%)、口腔炎症(5%)、体重减轻(5%)、食欲减退(5%)、吞咽困难(4%)、腹痛(3%)、口腔疼痛(2%)、恶心(2%)、脱水(2%)、红斑(1%)、低血压(1%)、皮疹(1%)、关节痛(1%)、肌肉骨骼胸痛(1%)、恶心(1%)。
卡博替尼组最常见实验室异常数据包括:AST升高(86%)、ALT升高(86%)、淋巴细胞减少(53%)、ALP升高(52%)、低钙血症(52%)、中性粒细胞减少(35%)、血小板减少(35%)、低磷血症(28%)、高胆红素(25%)、低镁血症(19%)、低钾血症(18%)、低钠血症(10%)。
由于卡博替尼的副作用很多而且发生概率比较大,对疗效和安全性有较大的影响。因此,使用共晶技术改善卡博替尼药物的基础结构,而可以改善其性质,如溶解度,稳定性,渗透性和生物利用度。本发明中的一系列卡博替尼和没食子酸,DL-酒石酸,马来酸,哌嗪作为共晶前体的共晶。本发明的共晶可以满足一个或多个目标目的,例如不限于提高溶解度,稳定性和生物利用度以及在药物应用中的更好的安全性。
发明内容
本发明涉及卡博替尼和没食子酸,DL-酒石酸,马来酸,哌嗪的共晶体。
在一些实施方案中,活性物质选自卡博替尼,在一些实施方案中,共晶前体选自没食 子酸,DL-酒石酸,马来酸,哌嗪。
在卡博替尼(活性药物成分API)和没食子酸,DL-酒石酸,马来酸,哌嗪(共晶前体)通过氢键结合在一起时,形成本发明的共晶。在一些实施方案中,其他非共价键和共价相互作用也可以存在于共晶中。
本发明的一个方面设计提供足够水平的生物利用度的基于卡博替尼的共晶,其在药物应用中是在治疗上有效的并且维持水平,持续在治疗上有效的时间段。
本发明所设计的卡博替尼共晶体,相比较于卡博替尼具有更好溶解度和稳定性,方便存储和使用;并且可直接用于固体制剂的制备,具有良好的粉体学性质。
附图说明
图1显示了卡博替尼和没食子酸共晶体的X射线粉末衍射(XRPD)图谱。
图2显示了卡博替尼和DL-酒石酸共晶体的X射线粉末衍射(XRPD)图谱。
图3显示了卡博替尼和马来酸共晶体的X射线粉末衍射(XRPD)图谱。
图4显示了卡博替尼和哌嗪共晶体的X射线粉末衍射(XRPD)图谱。
图5显示了卡博替尼共晶体对髓性甲状腺癌细胞存活率的影响。
图6显示了卡博替尼共晶体对肾癌细胞786-O存活率的影响。
图7显示了卡博替尼共晶体对***癌细胞PC-3存活率的影响。
本发明涉及卡博替尼的共晶及其制备方法。共晶包含卡博替尼和共晶前体没食子酸,DL-酒石酸,马来酸,哌嗪。
在一些实施方案中,卡博替尼和没食子酸以1:1的比例结合。共晶体包含如图1所示的X射线衍射图谱。在一些实施方案中,共晶体具有基本上类似于图1所示的X射线衍射图谱。
在一些实施方案中,卡博替尼和DL-酒石酸以1:1的比例结合。共晶体具有XRPD图谱,所述XRPD图谱包含在10.280°,11.380°,13.860°,15.801°,17.901°,20.639°,22.960°,和27.881°(分别四舍五入至10.3°,11.4°,13.9°,15.8°,17.9°,20.6°,23.0°和27.9°)(分别对应于
Figure PCTCN2022136101-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2022136101-appb-000002
的d-间距)±0.2°的衍射角2θ处的峰。在一些实施方案中,共晶体包含在10.280°,11.380°,13.860°,15.801°,17.901°,20.639°,22.960°,和27.881°±0.1°的衍射角2θ处的XRPD图谱。在一些实施方案中,共晶体包含在10.280°,11.380°,13.860°,15.801°,17.901°,20.639°,22.960°,和27.881°±0.05°的衍射角2θ处的XRPD图谱。在一些实施方案中,共晶体包含如图2所示的X射线衍射图谱。在一些实施方案中,共晶体具有基本上类似于图2所示的X射线衍射图谱。
在一些实施方案中,卡博替尼和马来酸共晶体以1:1的比例结合。共晶体具有XRPD图谱,所述XRPD图谱包含在6.999°,8.760°,10.159°,11.919°,13.939°,17.460°,23.381°和25.359°(分别四舍五入至7.0°,8.8°,10.2°,11.9°,13.9°,17.5°,23.4和25.4°)(分别对应于
Figure PCTCN2022136101-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2022136101-appb-000004
的d-间距)±0.2°的衍射角2θ处的峰。在一些实施方案中,共晶体包含在6.999°,8.760°,10.159°,11.919°,13.939°,17.460°,23.381°和25.359°±0.1°的衍射角2θ处的XRPD图谱。在一些实施方案中,共晶体包含在6.999°,8.760°,10.159°,11.919°,13.939°,17.460°,23.381°和25.359°±0.05°的衍射角2θ处的XRPD图谱。在一些实施方案中,共晶体包含如图3所示的X射线衍射图谱。在一些实施方案中,共晶体具有基本上类似于图3所示的X射线衍射图谱。
在一些实施方案中,卡博替尼和哌嗪共晶体以1:2的比例结合。共晶体具有XRPD图谱。在一些实施方案中,共晶体包含如图4所示的X射线衍射图谱。在一些实施方案中,共晶体具有基本上类似于图4所示的X射线衍射图谱。
本发明的共晶体包含:没食子酸,DL-酒石酸,马来酸,哌嗪作为共晶前体(co-former);和卡博替尼,作为共晶前体(co-former)和活性药物成分(API)。
在一些实施方案中,卡博替尼和没食子酸,DL-酒石酸,马来酸以1:1的比例结合。
在一些实施方案中,卡博替尼和马来酸以1:2的比例结合。
本发明的共晶的固体状态是任何结晶多晶型或其他混合物。共晶还可以制成无定形形式,其可以与任何晶型组合。在其它实施方案中,共晶的固体状态是无定形形式,本发明共晶的不同形式可以通过不同的结晶过程获得,并且可以用已知技术将共晶制成无定形形式。
本发明的共晶体可以通过包括以下方法制备:
(a)将所述没食子酸,DL-酒石酸,马来酸,哌嗪分别溶解或混悬在溶剂中,可选将溶液或分散体加热至高于室温且低于所述溶液或分散体的沸点的温度;
优选地,对于所述没食子酸,所用溶剂选自乙醇;对于所述DL-酒石酸,所用溶剂选自异丙醇;对于所述马来酸,所用溶剂选自水;对于所述哌嗪,所用溶剂选自乙醇;
(b)与步骤(a)一起或之后分别加入卡博替尼溶解或混悬在溶剂中;
(c)反应时间可选0.1-24个小时,期间保持上述(a)所述的温度并进行搅拌;
(d)将经步骤(a),(b),(c)的溶液或分散体冷却至环境温度或以下;
(e)可选地使部分或所有的所述溶剂蒸发;以及
(f)过滤出所得的共晶体。
在一些实施方案中,可以调整方法的具体条件,该适当的比例在下述的摩尔范围内:1:0.1-1:20、1:0.2-1:20、1:0.3-1:20、1:0.4-1:20、1:0.5-1:20、1:0.6-1:20、1:0.7-1:20、1:0.8-1:20、1:0.9-1:20、1:1-1:20、1:2-1:20、1:3-1:20、1:4-1:20、1:5-1:20、1:6-1:18、1:7-1:15、1:8-1:13、1:9-1:12或1:10-1:11。在一些实施方案中,适当比例为约1:1(摩尔)。在一些实施方案中,用于制浆或搅拌混合物的时间段可以在下述范围内:0.1-24小时、0.2-12小时、0.25-6小时、0.3-2小时、0.4-1小时或0.5-1小时。在一些实施方案中,用于制浆或搅拌混合物的时间段可以为约0.5小时。在一些实施方案中,共晶化合物可经干燥、过滤、离心、移液或它们的组合获得。在一些实施方案中,可以通过离心获得共晶化合物。
实施例1
在25ml茄形瓶中加入84.8mg(0.5mmol)没食子酸和5ml乙醇,搅拌0.5小时溶解,加入50mg(0.1mmol)卡博替尼,加热至70℃,搅拌4小时后停止加热,冷却至室温,旋干溶剂,真空40℃干燥,得到共晶体粗品,经XRPD检测为无定形。
实施例2
在25ml茄形瓶中加入33.92mg(0.2mmol)没食子酸和12ml乙醇,搅拌0.5小时溶解,再加入100mg(0.2mmol)卡博替尼,加热至70℃,搅拌4小时后自然冷却到室温,将溶剂旋干,再加入5ml乙醇,搅拌3小时,过滤,得到晶体粗品,用乙醇和庚烷处理,真空40℃干燥,得到109.95mg共晶体。通过XRPD和HPLC检测,确定为无定形以及比例为1:1。
实施例3
在25ml茄形瓶中加入67.84mg(0.4mmol)没食子酸和22ml乙醇,搅拌0.5小时溶解,再加入200mg(0.4mmol)卡博替尼,加热至70℃,搅拌4小时后自然冷却到室温,将溶剂旋干,再加入5ml乙醇,搅拌3小时,过滤,得到晶体粗品,用乙醇和庚烷处理, 真空40℃干燥,得到231.14mg共晶体。通过XRPD和HPLC检测,确定为无定形以及比例为1:1。
实施例4
在50ml茄形瓶中加入101.76mg(0.6mmol)没食子酸和30ml乙醇,搅拌0.5小时溶解,再加入300mg(0.6mmol)卡博替尼,加热至70℃,搅拌4小时后自然冷却到室温,将溶剂旋干,再加入5ml乙醇,搅拌3小时,过滤,得到晶体粗品,用乙醇和庚烷处理,真空40℃干燥,得到357.90mg共晶体。通过XRPD和HPLC检测,确定为无定形以及比例为1:1。
实施例5
在25ml茄形瓶中加入149.64mg(1.0mmol)DL-酒石酸和10ml异丙醇,搅拌0.5小时,再加入50mg(0.1mmol)卡博替尼,加热至70℃,搅拌4小时后自然冷却到室温,旋干溶剂,真空40℃干燥,得到共晶体粗品,经XRPD检测有特征峰。
实施例6
在25ml茄形瓶中加入29.93mg(0.2mmol)DL-酒石酸和5ml异丙醇,加热至70℃,搅拌0.5小时溶解,加入100mg(0.2mmol)卡博替尼,搅拌6小时后自然冷却到室温,再将反应物冰浴至0-5℃,搅拌3小时,过滤,得到晶体粗品,用异丙醇和庚烷处理,真空40℃干燥,得到110.39mg共晶体。通过XRPD和HPLC检测,确定晶型以及比例为1:1。
实施例7
在25ml茄形瓶中加入89.78mg(0.6mmol)DL-酒石酸和11ml异丙醇,加热至70℃,搅拌0.5小时溶解,加入300mg(0.6mmol)卡博替尼,搅拌6小时后自然冷却到室温,再将反应物冰浴至0-5℃,搅拌3小时,过滤,得到晶体粗品,用异丙醇和庚烷处理,真空40℃干燥,得到329.09mg共晶体。通过XRPD和HPLC检测,确定晶型以及比例为1:1。
实施例8
在25ml茄形瓶中加入115.72mg(1.0mmol)马来酸和5ml水,搅拌0.5小时,再加入50mg(0.1mmol)卡博替尼,加热至70℃,搅拌4小时后自然冷却到室温,旋干溶剂,真空40℃干燥,得到共晶体粗品,经XRPD检测有特征峰。
实施例9
在25ml茄形瓶中加入23.14mg(0.2mmol)马来酸和5ml水,加热至70℃,搅拌0.5小时溶解,加入100mg(0.2mmol)卡博替尼,搅拌6小时后自然冷却到室温,再将反应物冰浴至0-5℃,搅拌3小时,过滤,得到晶体粗品,用水和庚烷处理,真空40℃干燥,得到101.77mg共晶体。通过XRPD和HPLC检测,确定晶型以及比例为1:1。
实施例10
在50ml茄形瓶中加入69.43mg(0.6mmol)马来酸和15ml水,加热至70℃,搅拌0.5小时溶解,加入300mg(0.6mmol)卡博替尼,搅拌6小时后自然冷却到室温,再将反应物冰浴至0-5℃,搅拌3小时,过滤,得到晶体粗品,用水和庚烷处理,真空40℃干燥,得到326.61mg共晶体。通过XRPD和HPLC检测,确定晶型以及比例为1:1。
实施例11
在25ml茄形瓶中加入85.88mg(1.0mmol)哌嗪和8ml乙醇,搅拌0.5小时,再加入50mg(0.1mmol)卡博替尼,加热至70℃,搅拌4小时后自然冷却到室温,旋干溶剂,真空40℃干燥,得到共晶体粗品,经XRPD检测为无定形。
实施例12
在25ml茄形瓶中加入34.34mg(0.4mmol)哌嗪和10ml乙醇,搅拌0.5小时溶解, 再加入100mg(0.2mmol)卡博替尼,加热至70℃,搅拌4小时后自然冷却到室温,将溶剂旋干,再加入5ml乙醇,搅拌3小时,过滤,得到晶体粗品,用乙醇和庚烷处理,真空40℃干燥,得到114.83mg共晶体。通过XRPD和HPLC检测,确定为无定形以及比例为1:2。
实施例13
在25ml茄形瓶中加入68.68mg(0.8mmol)哌嗪和15ml乙醇,搅拌0.5小时溶解,再加入200mg(0.4mmol)卡博替尼,加热至70℃,搅拌4小时后自然冷却到室温,将溶剂旋干,再加入5ml乙醇,搅拌3小时,过滤,得到晶体粗品,用乙醇和庚烷处理,真空40℃干燥,得到223.54mg共晶体。通过XRPD和HPLC检测,确定为无定形以及比例为1:2。
实施例14
在50ml茄形瓶中加入103.06mg(0.12mmol)哌嗪和27ml乙醇,搅拌0.5小时溶解,再加入300mg(0.6mmol)卡博替尼,加热至70℃,搅拌4小时后自然冷却到室温,将溶剂旋干,再加入10ml乙醇,搅拌3小时,过滤,得到晶体粗品,用乙醇和庚烷处理,真空40℃干燥,得到339.22mg共晶体。通过XRPD和HPLC检测,确定为无定形以及比例为1:2。
实施例15
通过MTT法检测卡博替尼共晶体对髓性甲状腺癌细胞、肾癌细胞786-O和***癌细胞PC-3增殖的抑制作用,如图5、图6和图7所示,卡博替尼共晶体能有效的增强对髓性甲状腺癌细胞、肾癌细胞786-O和***癌细胞PC-3的抑制作用,强于卡博替尼本身,而卡博替尼共晶体对这三种细胞的杀伤力更强,表明卡博替尼共晶体增强了药物的抗肿瘤效应,显示较强的抗肿瘤作用。
对比例1
在25ml茄形瓶中加入68.85mg(0.5mmol)水杨酸和5ml水,加热至70℃,搅拌0.5小时,加入50mg(0.1mmol)卡博替尼,搅拌6小时后自然冷却到室温,再将反应物冰浴至0-5℃,搅拌3小时,过滤,得到粗品,用异丙醇和庚烷处理,真空40℃干燥,得到102.56mg样品。通过XRPD检测样品图谱与卡博替尼图谱重叠,未形成共晶体。
对比例2
在25ml茄形瓶中加入84.8mg(0.5mmol)没食子酸和5ml甲苯,搅拌0.5小时溶解,加入50mg(0.1mmol)卡博替尼,加热至70℃,搅拌4小时后停止加热,冷却至室温,旋干溶剂,真空40℃干燥,得到共晶体粗品,通过XRPD检测样品图谱与卡博替尼图谱重叠,未形成共晶体。
对比例3
在25ml茄形瓶中加入149.64mg(1.0mmol)DL-酒石酸和10ml异丙醇,搅拌0.5小时,再加入50mg(0.1mmol)卡博替尼,室温(25℃)下反应,搅拌4小时后自然冷却到室温,旋干溶剂,真空40℃干燥,得到共晶体粗品,通过XRPD检测样品图谱与DL-酒石酸图谱重叠,未形成共晶体。
对比例4
在25ml茄形瓶中加入17.17mg(0.2mmol)哌嗪和10ml乙醇,搅拌0.5小时溶解,再加入200mg(0.4mmol)卡博替尼,加热至70℃,搅拌4小时后自然冷却到室温,将溶剂旋干,再加入5ml乙醇,搅拌3小时,过滤,得到晶体粗品,用乙醇和庚烷处理,真空40℃干燥,得到180.96mg共晶体。通过XRPD检测样品图谱与卡博替尼图谱重叠,未形成 共晶体。
卡博替尼共晶体抑制裸鼠***癌移植瘤试验
处于对数生长期的PC-3m细胞以0.25%胰蛋白酶消化液处理,PBS液洗涤2次,无血清培养基细胞悬液密度调整至1×10 7/ml。保存于无菌离心管中,保温带至动物房。于超净工作台上,用1ml一次性无菌注射器进行操作,在裸鼠右季肋皮下接种细胞液0.2ml/只,含细胞数2×10 6。接种后7天肉眼可见皮下结节。接种后14天可见移植瘤约5mm 2左右,即为造模成功。
随机将大鼠分为3组,各20只。①治疗组20只大鼠分别用30mg/kg(以卡博替尼计)卡博替尼和卡博替尼共晶体连续进行14d灌胃。②模型组20只大鼠成功造模后连续进行14d的生理盐水(30mg/kg)灌胃。③对照组20只大鼠未实施造模,仅连续进行14d的生理盐水(30mg/kg)灌胃。治疗结束处死动物,剖取肿瘤组织,取三组大鼠的肿瘤组织称量质量并计算其抑瘤率。利用游标卡尺测量出移植瘤的短径(W)及长径(L),计算瘤体的体积:V=W2×L×0.52;抑瘤率(%)=(空白荷瘤组的平均肿瘤质量-各实验组的平均肿瘤质量)/空白荷瘤组的平均肿瘤质量×100%。
与对照组相比,模型组和治疗组和瘤体重量、瘤体体积显著增多;与模型组对比,治疗组瘤体质量下降,肿瘤抑制率升高明显。且治疗组中,卡博替尼共晶体的抑制肿瘤率明显高于卡博替尼组和L-苹果酸卡博替尼组。
溶解度测试
溶解度测试数据如表1所示。
表1
Figure PCTCN2022136101-appb-000005
稳定性测试
稳定性测试数据如表2~表3所示。
表2
Figure PCTCN2022136101-appb-000006
表3
Figure PCTCN2022136101-appb-000007

Claims (15)

  1. 共晶体,由卡博替尼作为活性物质与作为共晶前体的其他化合物形成共晶;其中,所述共晶前体选自下述化合物类中的一种或多种:DL-酒石酸,没食子酸,马来酸,哌嗪。
  2. 权利要求1的共晶体,其中所述的卡博替尼和所述共晶前体DL-酒石酸,没食子酸,马来酸以1:1的比例结合,其中所述的卡博替尼和所述共晶前体哌嗪以1:2的比例结合。
  3. 权利要求1的共晶体,所述共晶体选自以下:
    包含以1:1比例结合的卡博替尼和DL-酒石酸的共晶体,
    包含以1:1比例结合的卡博替尼和没食子酸的共晶体,
    包含以1:1比例结合的卡博替尼和马来酸的共晶体,和
    包含以1:2比例结合的卡博替尼和哌嗪的共晶体。
  4. 权利要求1的共晶体,其包含以1:1比例结合的卡博替尼和DL-酒石酸的共晶体,具有包含在10.280°,11.380°,13.860°,15.801°,17.901°,20.639°,22.960°,和27.881°±0.2°的衍射角2θ处的峰的X-射线衍射粉末衍射(XRPD)图谱。
  5. 权利要求1的共晶体,其包含以1:1比例结合的卡博替尼和没食子酸的共晶体,具有无定形的X-射线衍射粉末衍射(XRPD)图谱。
  6. 权利要求1的共晶体,其包含以1:1比例结合的卡博替尼和马来酸的共晶体,具有包含在6.999°,8.760°,10.159°,11.919°,13.939°,17.460°,23.381°和25.359°±0.2°的衍射角2θ处的峰的X-射线衍射粉末衍射(XRPD)图谱。
  7. 权利要求1的共晶体,其包含以1:2比例结合的卡博替尼和哌嗪的共晶体,具有无定形的X-射线衍射粉末衍射(XRPD)图谱。
  8. 药物组合物,其包含权利要求1~7种任一项的共晶体化合物,任选地还包含制药学上允许的载体。
  9. 权利要求8的药物组合物,其中所述化合物以任何结晶多晶型或无定形形式或其混合物的固体状态存在。
  10. 一种用于制备根据权利要求9所述的共晶体的方法,包括下述步骤:
    (a)将所述共晶前体没食子酸,DL-酒石酸,马来酸,哌嗪分别溶解或混悬在溶剂中,可选将溶液或分散体加热至高于室温且低于所述溶液或分散体的沸点的温度;
    优选地,对于所述没食子酸,所用溶剂选自乙醇;对于所述DL-酒石酸,所用溶剂选自异丙醇;对于所述马来酸,所用溶剂选自水;对于所述哌嗪,所用溶剂选自乙醇;
    (b)与步骤(a)一起或之后分别加入卡博替尼溶解或混悬在溶剂中;
    (c)反应时间可选0.1-24个小时,期间保持上述(a)所述的温度并进行搅拌;
    (d)将经步骤(a),(b),(c)的溶液或分散体冷却至环境温度或以下;
    (e)可选地使部分或所有的所述溶剂蒸发;以及
    (f)过滤出所得的共晶体。
  11. 权利要求10所述的方法所制备的包含以1:1比例结合的卡博替尼和没食子酸的共晶体,并且具有如图1所示的XRPD图谱。
  12. 权利要求10所述的方法所制备的包含以1:1比例结合的卡博替尼和DL-酒石酸的共晶体,并且具有如图2所示的XRPD图谱。
  13. 权利要求10所述的方法所制备的包含以1:1比例结合的卡博替尼和马来酸的共 晶体,并且具有如图3所示的XRPD图谱。
  14. 权利要求10所述的方法所制备的包含以1:2比例结合的卡博替尼和哌嗪的共晶体,并且具有如图4所示的XRPD图谱。
  15. 权利要求1-7任一项所述的共晶体或权利要求8-9任一项所述的药物组合物在制备药物中的应用,所述药物用于治疗进展性转移甲状腺髓样癌(MTC)、肾癌、***癌。
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