WO2023056674A1 - 一种油冷电机散热结构及电机 - Google Patents

一种油冷电机散热结构及电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023056674A1
WO2023056674A1 PCT/CN2021/127638 CN2021127638W WO2023056674A1 WO 2023056674 A1 WO2023056674 A1 WO 2023056674A1 CN 2021127638 W CN2021127638 W CN 2021127638W WO 2023056674 A1 WO2023056674 A1 WO 2023056674A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil injection
oil
stator core
heat dissipation
stator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/127638
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张冬亮
Original Assignee
博格华纳动力驱动***(天津)有限公司
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Application filed by 博格华纳动力驱动***(天津)有限公司 filed Critical 博格华纳动力驱动***(天津)有限公司
Priority to EP21959763.0A priority Critical patent/EP4395131A1/en
Publication of WO2023056674A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023056674A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/20—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • H02K9/193—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil with provision for replenishing the cooling medium; with means for preventing leakage of the cooling medium
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and in particular relates to a heat dissipation structure of an oil-cooled motor and the motor.
  • similar oil-cooled motors mainly arrange oil pipes near the top of the motor stator and winding ends, and design oil injection holes on the oil pipes.
  • the cooling oil is sprayed from the oil injection ports to the outer surface of the stator core and the winding ends.
  • the oil circuit at the top of the stator and the oil circuit at the end of the winding are connected in parallel.
  • the oil injection pipe assembly is arranged, and only a part of the oil can be distributed between the top of the stator and the end of the winding.
  • the oil circuit on the top of the stator can only distribute less oil, and the heat dissipation performance of the motor is poor.
  • the oil After the oil is sprayed onto the top of the stator core, the oil flows along the outer surface of the iron core to the bottom of the stator core under the action of gravity. The flowing oil cannot cover the entire area of the outer surface of the stator core, and the flowing speed is low. There is still room for improvement in thermal performance.
  • the present invention provides a heat dissipation structure of an oil-cooled motor and a motor to solve the above or other former problems existing in the prior art.
  • a heat dissipation structure of an oil-cooled motor comprising:
  • Oil injection parts are set at both ends of the stator iron core, the outer diameter of the oil injection parts is not smaller than the outer diameter of the stator iron core, and the oil injection parts are in contact with the casing, so that the outer surface of the stator iron core, the machine
  • the housing and the oil injection parts form a cooling medium circulation cavity, so that the cooling medium flows along the outer surface of the stator core in the cooling medium circulation cavity;
  • the oil injection part is provided with an oil injection channel.
  • One end of the oil injection channel communicates with the cooling medium circulation cavity, and the other end communicates with the inner cavity of the motor. Make the cooling medium spray from the cooling medium circulation cavity to the stator end winding along the oil injection channel;
  • the oil injection passage includes a plurality of oil injection holes, which are sequentially arranged from one side of the oil injection component facing the stator core to the other side, and there is a distance between the axes of adjacent oil injection holes, so that A plurality of oil injection holes are arranged in an oblique direction.
  • the distance between the axes of adjacent fuel injection holes is greater than zero, so that the fuel injection channel is a hole structure with a stepped inner wall.
  • the axes of the multiple oil injection holes are all parallel to each other, and the distances between the axes of the multiple oil injection holes and the axis of the stator core decrease sequentially.
  • the widths of the plurality of oil injection holes along the circumferential direction of the stator core gradually increase.
  • the widths of the plurality of oil injection holes along the circumferential direction of the stator core are the same.
  • the shape of the fuel injection hole is circular, square, oval or rhombus.
  • the oil injection channel further includes a first oil injection hole, and the first oil injection hole is arranged at any end of the plurality of oil injection holes, or, the first oil injection hole is arranged at both ends of the plurality of oil injection holes.
  • the length of the first oil injection hole is greater than the length of any oil injection hole in the plurality of oil injection holes.
  • the oil injection channel intersects with the axis of the stator core, and has an included angle ⁇ , which satisfies the following relationship:
  • L is the length of the stator end winding
  • H is the distance from the oil outlet of the oil injection channel to the stator end winding.
  • the fuel injection part includes a plurality of silicon steel sheets of at least one type, and the plurality of silicon steel sheets are arranged coaxially with the stator core; A plurality of stator slots, the plurality of stator slots correspond to the slots of the stator iron core one by one, so as to facilitate the arrangement of the stator windings.
  • each silicon steel sheet close to the outer diameter end is provided with a plurality of oil injection holes, the plurality of oil injection holes are arranged along the circumference of the silicon steel sheet, and the plurality of oil injection holes are arranged at least on the silicon steel sheet The upper part when it is set in the motor;
  • a plurality of oil injection holes are arranged in at least one row along the radial direction of the silicon steel sheet;
  • the distances from the oil injection holes on different silicon steel sheets to the axis of the stator core are different, and the distances from the multiple oil injection holes in each row on each silicon steel sheet to the axis of the stator iron core are the same, and the spray holes on multiple silicon steel sheets
  • the positions of the oil holes are in one-to-one correspondence, and the oil injection channel structure is constructed.
  • each silicon steel sheet close to the outer diameter end is provided with multiple groups of oil injection holes, the multiple groups of oil injection holes are arranged along the circumference of the silicon steel sheet, and the multiple groups of oil injection holes are arranged at least on the silicon steel sheet The upper part when it is set in the motor;
  • Multiple groups of oil injection holes are arranged in at least one row along the radial direction of the silicon steel sheet;
  • each group of oil injection holes the distances from multiple oil injection holes to the axis of the stator core increase or decrease sequentially, and each oil injection hole corresponds to a stator slot;
  • the Nth silicon steel sheet is rotated (N-1) x (M+1) stator slot angles relative to the first silicon steel sheet and set in turn to construct a The fuel injection channel structure, where M is the number of stator slots before two adjacent fuel injection holes.
  • the outer surface of the stator core is provided with a plurality of radiators, and the plurality of radiators are arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator core.
  • each group of heat dissipation elements includes a first blocking rod, a second blocking rod and a third blocking rod, and the first blocking rod
  • the first blocking rod, the second blocking rod and the third blocking rod are all arranged along the axial direction of the stator core, and the first blocking rod and the second blocking rod are arranged on the same straight line, and the distance between the first blocking rod and the second blocking rod There is a gap between them, the third blocking rod is arranged on either side of the first blocking rod, and the third blocking rod corresponds to the position of the gap between the first blocking rod and the second blocking rod;
  • the length of the heat sink is shorter than the length of the stator core, and the plurality of heat sinks are arranged in an S shape;
  • a plurality of radiators are arranged in multiple groups, and multiple groups of radiators are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the stator core; each group of radiators is arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator core, and each radiator is connected with the stator iron
  • the axes of the cores are arranged intersecting, and the radiators in two adjacent groups are arranged alternately; along the axial direction of the stator core, the outer surface of the stator core is arranged as multiple heat dissipation areas, and each heat dissipation area is provided with multiple sets of heat dissipation
  • the inclination directions of the heat sinks in the two groups on both sides of the heat dissipation area are consistent, and the inclination directions of the heat sinks in the remaining groups except the two groups on both sides are consistent, and the inclination directions of the heat sinks in the remaining groups are consistent with the
  • the inclination directions of the heat sinks in the two groups on both sides are arranged symmetrically;
  • a plurality of radiators are arranged in multiple groups, and multiple groups of radiators are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the stator core; each group of radiators is arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator core, and each radiator is connected with the stator iron
  • a plurality of heat dissipation elements are arranged in multiple groups, and the plurality of sets of heat dissipation elements are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the stator core; each group of heat dissipation elements is arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator core, and the heat dissipation elements include a first blocking element and a The second stopper, the first stopper and the second stopper are connected, and the first stopper and the second stopper are arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator core, and the first stopper and the second stopper are arranged in steps , the radiators in two adjacent groups are arranged alternately, and the radiators in two adjacent groups are arranged symmetrically.
  • multiple fuel injection channels which are arranged so that the fuel injection component is located at least in the upper half of the motor, and the multiple fuel injection channels are sequentially arranged along the circumference of the fuel injection component.
  • the fuel injection part has an annular structure, and the fuel injection part is arranged at the end of the stator core near the outer diameter side; the distance between the axes of adjacent fuel injection holes is equal to zero, so that the fuel injection channel is a hole with a smooth inner wall structure.
  • the oil injection channel intersects with the axis of the stator core, and has an included angle ⁇ , which satisfies the following relationship:
  • L is the length of the stator end winding
  • H is the distance from the oil inlet of the fuel injection channel to the stator end winding.
  • a motor comprising the heat dissipation structure of an oil-cooled motor as described above.
  • an oil injection part there is an oil injection part, and a plurality of oil injection passages are arranged on the oil injection part.
  • the inner surface of the casing is in contact, and the oil injection parts are installed at both ends of the stator core, so that the two oil injection parts, the outer surface of the stator core and the casing form a cooling medium circulation cavity, and the cooling medium flow cavity
  • the casing part corresponding to the body is provided with an oil inlet, and the oil injection channel is arranged obliquely, pointing to the end winding of the stator, and the width of the oil inlet end of the oil injection channel is smaller than the width of the oil outlet end, so that the cooling medium is sprayed in a fan-shaped state, or , along the direction from the oil inlet end to the oil outlet end of the oil injection channel, the width of the oil injection channel is the same, so that the cooling medium is sprayed in a cylindrical state, and a larger area is sprayed on the end winding of the stator, saving oil pipes and
  • the oil injection channel is composed of multiple oil injection holes, the width of the oil injection holes is different, and the distance from each oil injection hole to the axis of the stator core is different, so that the oil injection channel is a stepped channel, increasing the flow of cooling medium speed;
  • the heat dissipation of the stator core and the end winding are connected by a series oil circuit, and each part uses the cooling medium with the largest flow rate to dissipate heat, and the utilization rate of the cooling medium is greater;
  • the cooling medium enters the inside of the cooling medium flow cavity. Due to the small width of the stepped oil injection channel, there will be oil resistance here. Under the action of the oil resistance, the cooling medium will fill the space of the cooling medium flow cavity, and all surfaces Can be in contact with the oil to achieve the effect of heat dissipation;
  • cooling parts on the outer surface of the stator core which can change the laminar flow state of the cooling medium into a turbulent flow state, increase the heat dissipation area in the middle of the stator core, increase the flow speed of the oil, and improve the heat dissipation performance of the motor.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional structure diagram of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 1A is the enlarged schematic diagram of the first kind of structure of A part in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 1 B is the enlarged schematic view of the second structure of A part in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 1 C is the enlarged schematic view of the third structure of A part in Fig. 1;
  • Figure 1D is an enlarged schematic view of the fourth structure of part A in Figure 1;
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure of part B in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cooling medium flowing inside the cooling medium circulation cavity according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the spraying state of the cooling medium on the stator end winding according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part C of Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of another perspective of the spray state of the cooling medium in the stator end winding according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure of part D of Fig. 6;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a single silicon steel sheet with an oil injection hole group according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure of part E of Fig. 8.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the heat sink arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a second structural schematic diagram of a heat sink arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of a heat sink arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of a heat sink arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a fifth structure of a heat sink arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 15 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention when the oil outlet end of the oil injection channel is located on the side of the stator core heat dissipation oil circuit close to the stator end winding;
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the flow state of the cooling medium when the oil outlet end of the oil injection channel is provided with a first oil injection hole according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 17 is a partial structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention when the fuel injection channels are arranged in two rows;
  • Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of the local structure when multiple sets of injection holes are arranged in two rows according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 19 is a schematic structural view of a stator slot between two adjacent oil injection holes in each group of oil injection holes according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a motor according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Chassis 1. Stator core 3. Fuel injection parts
  • Fuel injection hole 41 First fuel injection hole 300. Fuel injection hole area
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention
  • an embodiment of the present invention relates to a heat dissipation structure of an oil-cooled motor and a motor
  • the heat dissipation structure has an oil injection part
  • the oil injection part is arranged at both ends of the stator core
  • the oil injection part, the stator core and the casing of the motor are configured as a cooling medium circulation cavity
  • the oil injection part has an oil injection channel arranged obliquely, pointing to the winding at the end of the stator, so that the cooling medium can be sprayed directly to the end of the stator
  • oil pipes and oil pipe connectors are omitted, the structure is simple, and the installation process is simplified.
  • the heat dissipation of the stator core and the end winding are connected by series oil circuits, and each part uses the maximum flow of cooling oil to dissipate heat. The utilization rate is greater, and the cooling capacity of the motor is improved.
  • a heat dissipation structure for an oil-cooled motor comprising: an oil injection part 3, the oil injection part 3 is arranged at both ends of the stator core 2, and the outer diameter of the oil injection part 3 is not smaller than the stator core 2
  • the outer diameter of the oil injection part 3 is in contact with the casing 1 of the motor, so that the outer surface of the stator core 2, the casing 1 and the oil injection part 3 form a cooling medium circulation cavity 5, so that the cooling medium is cooled
  • the medium circulation cavity 5 flows along the outer surface of the stator core 2.
  • stator core 2 Since the stator core 2 is installed in the middle of the motor casing 1, in order to allow the cooling medium to enter the cooling medium circulation cavity 5, An oil inlet 7 is communicated with the cooling medium circulation cavity 5, so that the cooling medium can enter the cooling medium circulation cavity 5 through the oil inlet 7; the cooling medium located in the cooling medium circulation cavity 5 moves along the stator
  • the outer surface of the iron core 2 circulates to cool the stator iron core 2, and the contact area between the cooling medium and the stator iron core 2 is large, and the cooling medium flows through the entire outer surface of the stator iron core 2, increasing the heat dissipation effect of the motor;
  • the oil injection part 3 is provided with an oil injection channel 4, one end of the oil injection channel 4 communicates with the cooling medium circulation cavity 5, and the other end communicates with the internal cavity of the motor, and the oil injection channel 4 faces the end of the stator from the end of the oil injection part 3
  • the direction of the winding 6 is inclined, so that the cooling medium is sprayed from the cooling medium circulation cavity 5 along the oil injection channel 4 to the stator end winding 6, and the part located outside the cooling medium circulation cavity 5 is the inner cavity of the motor body
  • the oil spray channel 4 is set so that the cooling medium flows out from the cooling medium circulation cavity 5, and is directly sprayed to the end of the stator winding, so that the cooling medium flows from the end of the stator winding through the inner surface of the stator winding , to improve the heat dissipation effect of the motor
  • the oil injection channel 4 is a hole structure, so that the cooling medium can be sprayed out, and sprayed to the stator end winding 6 quickly and accurately, so that the entire stator end
  • the cooling medium After the cooling medium enters the cooling medium circulation cavity 5, it flows in the cooling medium circulation cavity 5, flows along the outer surface of the stator core 2, and flows through the entire outer surface of the stator core 2.
  • the cooling medium From the oil injection channel 4 of the oil injection part 3 at both ends of the stator core 2, it is sprayed obliquely and sprayed on the stator end winding 6, so that the cooling medium flows through the inner surface of the stator winding, and the stator winding and the stator iron
  • the core 2 is cooled, the flow area of the cooling medium is increased, and the heat dissipation performance of the motor is improved.
  • the cooling medium is directly sprayed from the cooling medium circulation cavity 5 to the stator end winding 6, so that the heat dissipation of the stator core and the end winding
  • the line heat dissipation is connected by a series oil circuit, and each part uses the cooling medium with the largest flow rate to dissipate heat, and the utilization rate of the cooling medium is greater; the cooling medium enters the inside of the cooling medium flow cavity, and because the width of the oil injection channel is small, here
  • the oil injection part 3 is located at the ends of the two ends of the stator core 2 when it is set, and the oil injection part 3 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the ends of the stator core 2, and is arranged at least on
  • the end of the stator core 2 is located in the upper half of the motor, here, it is set that the upper half of the stator core 2 is the upper half of the stator core 2 when it is located in the motor, and the stator core 2 is located in the motor.
  • the lower half of the interior is the lower half of the stator core 2, so that the cooling medium sprays the stator end winding 6 located in the upper half of the stator core 2, and under the action of gravity, the cooling medium flows through The lower half of the stator end winding 6 and the inner surface of the stator winding cool down the temperature of the stator winding.
  • the number of fuel injection passages 4 is multiple, and it is arranged that the fuel injection part 3 is at least in the upper half of the motor inside.
  • the oil passages 4 are sequentially arranged along the circumference of the stator core 2, and spread over the position corresponding to the upper half of the stator core 2 of the oil injection part 3, or, a plurality of oil injection passages 4 are distributed throughout the oil injection part 3 The position corresponding to the entire end of the stator core 2, so that the cooling medium can spray the stator end winding 6 from various directions at different positions.
  • the number and arrangement of the fuel injection channels 4 are selected according to actual needs, and no specific requirements are made here.
  • the oil injection channels 4 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the stator core 2, and each oil injection channel 4 corresponds to a stator end winding 6, so that each stator end winding 6 is Can be sprayed with cooling medium.
  • the oil inlet end of the oil injection channel 4 can be located on the side of the end of the oil injection part 3 close to the motor housing 1. At this time, the oil outlet end of the oil injection channel 4 is located in the direction of the cooling medium circulation cavity 5 towards the inner cavity of the motor In the extended space, as shown in Figure 1A, alternatively, the oil inlet end of the oil injection channel 4 is located on the side of the oil injection part 3 close to the stator core 2, and at this time, the oil outlet end of the oil injection channel 4 is located in the cooling medium flow cavity One side of the body 5 (the side close to the stator end winding 6), as shown in Figure 15.
  • the casing 1 located on the upper part of the motor is provided with an oil inlet 7, and the oil inlet 7 communicates with the cooling medium circulation cavity 5, and is located at
  • the casing 1 of the lower part of the motor is provided with an oil outlet 8, and the oil outlet 8 communicates with the inner cavity of the motor, so that the cooling medium enters the cooling medium circulation cavity 5 from the oil inlet 7 on the upper part of the casing 1, and the While flowing in the cavity 5, the cooling medium is sprayed from the oil injection channel 4, sprayed onto the stator end winding 6, and flows through the inner surface of the stator winding under the action of gravity, and gathers in the casing.
  • the lower part of 1 flows out from the oil outlet 8 at the lower part of the casing 1.
  • This structural design saves the oil pipe and oil pipe connector in the existing design, makes the heat dissipation structure simple, the installation process is simplified, and the cooling medium flows from the inlet
  • the oil port 7 enters and sprays out from the oil injection channel 4, so that the heat dissipation of the stator core 2 and the heat dissipation of the stator end winding 6 are connected in series with the oil circuit, so that each part uses the cooling medium with the maximum flow rate to dissipate heat.
  • the utilization rate is greater, all surfaces can be in contact with the cooling medium to achieve the effect of heat dissipation, and the heat dissipation performance of the motor is improved.
  • the fuel injection channel 4 includes a plurality of fuel injection holes 40, and the plurality of fuel injection holes 40 are sequentially arranged from one side of the fuel injection component 3 facing the stator core 2 to the other side, and are relatively There is a distance between the axes of the adjacent fuel injection holes 40, so that a plurality of fuel injection holes 40 are arranged in an oblique direction.
  • the oil injection part 3 faces the stator core 2, it is arranged obliquely to the other side, and a plurality of oil injection holes 40 are connected to form an obliquely arranged oil injection channel 4, so that the cooling medium can be sprayed to On the stator end winding 6.
  • the distance between the axes of the adjacent fuel injection holes 40 is greater than or equal to zero, which is selected according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the distance between the axes of the adjacent fuel injection holes 40 is greater than zero, so that the fuel injection channel 4 is The pore structure of the stepped inner wall.
  • the axes of a plurality of fuel injection holes 40 can be arranged to intersect, or the axes of a plurality of fuel injection holes 40 are all parallel to each other, or the axes of some of the fuel injection holes 40 are arranged in parallel, and the axes of some of the fuel injection holes 40 are arranged to intersect , select according to actual needs, and no specific requirements are made here; in order to reduce the difficulty of the preparation process and improve processing efficiency, preferably, in this embodiment, the axes of the multiple oil injection holes 40 are arranged parallel to each other, and each injection hole The axis of the oil hole 40 is arranged parallel to the axis of the stator core 2, and the axes of two adjacent oil injection holes 40 are arranged parallel to each other, then the axes of a plurality of oil injection holes 40 are all arranged parallel to each other, and the axes of two adjacent oil injection holes 40 are arranged parallel to each other.
  • the distances from the plurality of oil injection holes 40 to the axis of the stator core 2 are mostly different, so that the oil injection channel 4 is in an inclined state as a whole.
  • a plurality of The distance between the axis of the oil injection hole 40 and the axis of the stator core 2 decreases successively, and is arranged in steps, so that the oil injection channel 4 is inclined from the side of the oil injection part 3 facing the stator core 2 to the stator end winding. 6 direction, so that the cooling medium can be sprayed directly onto the stator end winding 6.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the fuel injection hole 40 can be circular, or square, or elliptical, or rhombus, or other shapes, which can be selected according to actual needs, and no specific requirements are made here.
  • each fuel injection hole 40 has a certain width (the width of the fuel injection hole 40 is perpendicular to the direction from the oil inlet end to the oil outlet end of the oil injection channel 4), and a plurality of oil injection holes
  • the widths of 40 can be the same or different, or some of the fuel injection holes 40 have the same width, and some of the fuel injection holes 40 have different widths, which can be selected according to actual needs, and no specific requirements are made here.
  • Each fuel injection hole 40 has a certain height, and the height of the fuel injection hole 40 is perpendicular to the width of the fuel injection hole 40.
  • the height and width of the fuel injection hole 40 are the main dimensions of the section forming the fuel injection hole 40.
  • the heights of the fuel injection holes 40 can be the same or different, or the heights of the multiple fuel injection holes 40 are partially the same and some are different, which can be selected according to actual needs, and no specific requirements are made here.
  • the widths of the plurality of oil injection holes 40 along the circumferential direction of the stator core 2 gradually increase, so that the injection The width of the cross-section of the oil channel 4 gradually increases, so that the cooling medium sprays out in a fan-shaped state, and can spray on the stator end winding 6 in a larger area.
  • the width of the side at the oil inlet end of the fuel injection passage 4 is the smallest, and the width of this side is set as a, and the width of the side of the oil outlet end of the fuel injection passage 4 is the largest, and the width of this side is set as b, then, b>
  • the size ratio of a, a and b is selected and set according to the motor structure size and cooling medium flow rate, and no specific requirements are made here.
  • each fuel injection hole 40 is set as h, since a plurality of fuel injection holes 40 are arranged obliquely, there is a height difference between adjacent fuel injection holes 40, then viewed from the side of the oil outlet end of the fuel injection passage 4, it can A portion of the adjacent fuel injection hole 40 is shown.
  • the widths of the plurality of oil injection holes 40 along the circumferential direction of the stator core 2 are the same, so that the width of the cross section of the oil injection channel 4 is different. change, so that the cooling medium is sprayed out in a columnar state, and can be sprayed onto the stator end winding 6 quickly and accurately.
  • the spraying direction of the cooling medium at the oil outlet end of the oil injection channel 4 points to the stator end winding 6, and the oil injection channel 4 intersects the axis of the stator core 2, and has an included angle ⁇ , which satisfies the following relationship Mode:
  • L is the length of the stator end winding 6
  • H is the distance from the oil outlet of the oil injection channel 4 to the stator end winding 6, and the included angle ⁇ is selected according to the size of L and H.
  • the oil injection channel 4 also includes a first oil injection hole 41, and the first oil injection hole 41 is arranged at any end of the plurality of oil injection holes 40, or, the first oil injection hole 41 is located at both ends of a plurality of oil injection holes 40, that is, the first oil injection hole 41 is provided at the oil inlet end or the oil outlet end of the oil injection channel 4, or, at the oil inlet end and the oil outlet end of the oil injection channel 4
  • the first oil injection holes 41 are provided at the oil ends, and are selected according to actual needs, and no specific requirements are made here.
  • the length of the first oil injection hole 41 is longer than any oil injection hole 40 in the plurality of oil injection holes 40, and the length of the first oil injection hole 41 is longer than that of the plurality of oil injection holes 40. It is the longest, so that the cross-sectional shape of the oil inlet end and/or oil outlet end of the oil injection channel 4 has a relatively arranged platform structure, so that the cooling medium can flow into the oil injection channel 4 or flow out of the oil injection channel 4 stably .
  • the axis of the first oil injection hole 41 is arranged parallel to the axis of the stator core 2.
  • the first oil injection hole 41 is set so that the cooling medium can flow smoothly. into the interior of the oil injection channel 4; when the first oil injection hole 41 is located at the oil outlet end of the oil injection channel, or when the first oil injection hole 41 is located at the oil inlet end and the oil outlet end, at this time the cooling medium flows from the first injection
  • the oil hole 41 is sprayed directly parallel to the stator end winding 6, as shown in Figure 16, and then sprayed onto the stator end winding 6 under the action of gravity.
  • the axis of the oil injection channel 4 is aligned with the stator core 2
  • the angle between the axes of may not be limited by the above formula, in this case, the angle between the axis of the oil injection channel 4 and the axis of the stator core 2 can be selected and set according to actual needs.
  • the oil injection part 3 includes a plurality of silicon steel sheets 30 of at least one type, as shown in Figures 6-9, the material of the silicon steel sheets 30 is consistent with the composition of the stator.
  • the material of the silicon steel sheets of the iron core 2 is consistent, and a plurality of silicon steel sheets 30 are arranged coaxially with the stator iron core 2, so that the oil injection parts 3 can be installed on both ends of the stator iron core 2 without hindering the movement of the motor rotor. turn.
  • the silicon steel sheets in each fuel injection part 3 can be of the same type or different types, and the type of silicon steel sheets can be selected according to actual needs.
  • the silicon steel sheet 30 is in an annular structure, and a plurality of stator slots 301 are provided along the circumferential direction near the inner diameter end side of the silicon steel sheet 30 , a plurality of stator slots 301 correspond to the slots of the stator core 2, so as to facilitate the setting of the stator winding, and the oil injection part 3 will not hinder the installation of the stator winding, and a plurality of silicon steel sheets 30 are stacked to form the oil injection part 3 Structure.
  • the structure of a type of silicon steel sheet is: a side near the outer diameter end of each silicon steel sheet 30 is provided with a plurality of oil injection holes 40, and a plurality of oil injection holes 40 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the silicon steel sheet 30, and more A fuel injection hole 40 is at least arranged on the upper half of the silicon steel sheet 30 when it is arranged in the motor, and the position of each fuel injection hole 40 corresponds to the position of each fuel injection channel 4, and a plurality of fuel injection holes 40 are located at On the position corresponding to the upper half of the stator core 2 of the silicon steel sheet 30, or a plurality of oil injection holes 40 are located in the entire circumferential direction of the silicon steel sheet 30, which is selected according to actual needs, and no specific requirements are made here; as shown in Figure 17 As shown, a plurality of oil injection holes 40 are arranged in at least one row along the radial direction of the silicon steel sheet 30, and a plurality of oil injection holes 40 arranged in the same circumferential direction form a row, then, along
  • each oil injection hole 40 is configured as an oil injection channel 4
  • the oil injection at the corresponding position of each silicon steel sheet 30 The distances from the holes 40 to the axis of the stator core 2 are different, and each corresponding position of the plurality of silicon steel sheets 30 is configured as an oil injection channel 4 by a plurality of stepped oil injection holes 40 .
  • the width of the oil injection hole 40 of each silicon steel sheet 30 can be different, so that the width of the oil inlet end of the oil injection channel 4 constructed is small, the width of the oil outlet end is large, and the cooling medium is ejected in a fan-shaped state, or, each silicon steel sheet
  • the widths of the oil injection holes 40 of the sheet 30 can be the same, so that the constructed oil injection channels 4 have the same width in the direction from the oil inlet end to the oil outlet end, and the cooling medium is ejected in a columnar state.
  • the structure of another type of silicon steel sheet is as follows: as shown in Figures 8 and 9, a side near the outer diameter end of each silicon steel sheet 30 is provided with multiple groups of oil injection holes 40, and multiple groups of oil injection holes 40 are arranged along the The circumferential direction of the silicon steel sheet 30 is set, and the multiple groups of oil injection holes 40 are at least arranged on the upper half of the silicon steel sheet 30 when it is arranged in the motor, and are arranged on the upper half of the silicon steel sheet 30 that is opposite to the upper half of the stator core 2
  • multiple groups of oil injection holes 40 are arranged in at least one row along the radial direction of the silicon steel sheet 30, and multiple groups of oil injection holes 40 arranged in the same circumferential direction form a row, then, along the silicon steel sheet 30 In the radial direction, multiple groups of fuel injection holes 40 can be arranged in one row, or multiple groups of fuel injection holes 40 can be arranged in two rows, or multiple groups of fuel injection holes 40 can be arranged in multiple rows, which can be selected and set according to actual needs ;
  • a plurality of oil injection holes 40 are arranged in sequence along the circumference of the silicon steel sheet 30, and the distance from each oil injection hole 40 to the axis of the stator core 2 is different; each group of oil injection holes In the holes 40, the distances from the multiple oil injection holes 40 to the axis of the stator core 2 increase or decrease sequentially; in each group of oil injection holes 40, each oil injection hole 40 corresponds to a stator slot 301, To facilitate the positioning of a pluralit
  • the second silicon steel sheet 30 is installed.
  • the second silicon steel sheet 30 groups of oil injection holes 40 are one-to-one with the first silicon steel sheet 30 multiple oil injection holes 40, and then rotate the angle of a stator slot 301 so that the second silicon steel sheet 30
  • the second fuel injection hole 40 corresponds to and communicates with the first fuel injection hole 40 of the first silicon steel sheet 30.
  • each group of oil injection holes 40 of the third silicon steel sheet 30 Corresponding to each group of oil injection holes 40 of the first silicon steel sheet 30, then the third silicon steel sheet 30 is rotated by the angle of two stator slots 301, so that the third oil injection hole 40 of the third silicon steel sheet 30 is in line with the The first oil injection hole 40 of the first silicon steel sheet 30 is corresponding and connected, and so on until the last silicon steel sheet 30 is installed; another example: as shown in Figure 19, when two adjacent oil injection holes 40 When there is a stator slot 301 between them, when installing the second silicon steel sheet 30, the multiple groups of oil injection holes 40 of the second silicon steel sheet 30 correspond to the multiple oil injection holes 40 of the first silicon steel sheet 30 one by one, and then rotate The angles of the two stator slots 301 make the second oil injection hole 40 of the second silicon steel sheet 30 correspond to and communicate with the first oil injection hole 40 of the first silicon steel sheet 30, and the third silicon steel sheet 30 is installed When, each group of oil injection holes 40 of the third silicon steel sheet 30
  • each silicon steel sheet 30 there is a blank area 302 between two adjacent groups of fuel injection holes 40, and the invalid hole 9 is blocked by the blank area 302, and the size of the blank area 302 is determined by the size of each group of fuel injection holes 40 areas And the number of 40 groups of oil injection holes is determined.
  • the selection of the oil injection hole 40 of the first silicon steel sheet 30 determines the selection of the oil injection holes 40 of other subsequent silicon steel sheets 30, and any group of the first silicon steel sheet 30 can be selected.
  • One oil injection hole 40 is used as the effective hole 10, which is selected according to actual installation requirements, and no specific requirements are made here.
  • a plurality of heat dissipation elements 11 are arranged on the outer surface of the stator iron core 2, as shown in Figure 10-13, the plurality of heat dissipation elements 11 are arranged along the stator core 2
  • the circumferential setting increases the flow velocity of the cooling medium, so that the cooling medium flowing on the surface of the stator core 2 changes from a laminar flow to a turbulent flow, thereby improving the heat dissipation performance of the motor.
  • the heat sink 11 is fixedly connected with the stator core 2, and the fixed connection method is preferably integrally formed.
  • Whether the heat sink 11 is arranged is determined by parameters such as the installation structure of the motor stator and the loss of the motor.
  • the outer diameter of the oil injection part 3 is greater than the outer diameter of the stator iron core 2, and the oil injection part 3 protrudes from the outer surface of the stator iron core 2, so that The outer surface of the stator core 2, the casing and the oil injection part 3 form a cooling medium circulation cavity 5;
  • the outer diameter of the oil injection part 2 can be larger than the stator
  • the outer diameter of the iron core 2, the outer diameter end of the oil injection part 3 protrudes from the outer surface of the heat sink 11, the outer surface of the stator core 2, the casing 1 and the oil injection part 3 form a cooling medium circulation cavity 5, and the heat sink 11 is located in the cooling medium circulation cavity 5; when the outer surface of the radiator 11 is in contact with the inner surface of the casing 1, at
  • a plurality of radiators 11 are arranged in multiple groups, and multiple groups of radiators 11 are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator core 2, covering the outer surface of the stator core 2, and opposite to the stator core.
  • each group of heat sinks 11 is arranged on the outer surface of the stator core 2 at a certain distance, and each group of heat sinks 11 includes first blocking rods, The second blocking rod and the third blocking rod, the first blocking rod, the second blocking rod and the third blocking rod are all arranged along the axial direction of the stator core 2, that is, the first blocking rod, the second blocking rod and the third blocking rod
  • the blocking rods are all arranged along the length direction of the stator core 2, and the first blocking rod and the second blocking rod are arranged on the same straight line, there is a gap between the first blocking rod and the second blocking rod, and one end of the first blocking rod It is aligned with one end of the stator core 2 and extends toward the other end, one end of the second blocking rod is aligned with the other end of the stator core 2, and extends toward one end, and the first blocking rod and the second blocking rod The sum of the lengths is less than the length of
  • the third blocking rod corresponds to the gap position between the first blocking rod and the second blocking rod
  • the length of the third blocking rod is not less than the length of the gap, so that the third blocking rod blocks the cooling medium , so that the cooling medium splits into two parts and flows out from both ends of the third blocking rod.
  • Multiple sets of heat sinks 11 are arranged in sequence, and the cooling medium flows out from the gap between the first blocking rod and the second blocking rod in the first group, and is blocked by the third blocking rod to separate two parts, respectively from the third blocking rod.
  • the first blocking rod and the third blocking rod are arranged in parallel, and the first blocking rod, the second blocking rod and the third blocking rod are all parallel to the axis of the stator core 2 .
  • the length of the heat sink 11 is less than the length of the stator core 2, and a plurality of heat sinks 11 are arranged in an S shape, among the plurality of heat sinks 11, one end of a heat sink 11 is connected to the stator core 2
  • One end of the second heat sink 11 is aligned with the other end of the stator core 2 and extends toward the other end, and one end of the third heat sink 11 is aligned with the stator core 2.
  • one end of the fourth radiator 11 is aligned with the other end of the stator core 2, and extended toward one end, and so on, one end of two adjacent radiators 11 and the stator core 2
  • One end is aligned, and one end of the other heat sink 11 is aligned with the other end of the stator core 2 , and the two heat sinks 11 extend toward each other in an S-shape arrangement, so that the cooling medium flows in an S-shape.
  • a plurality of radiators 11 are arranged in multiple groups, and multiple groups of radiators 11 are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the stator core 2, and the number of groups is selected and set according to actual needs; each group of radiators 11 Arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator core 2, and each radiator 11 intersects the axis of the stator core 2, the radiators 11 in two adjacent groups are arranged alternately, and the plurality of radiators 11 in each group They are all inclined and have the same inclination direction; the two sides of each heat sink 11 are arranged in steps, so that the cooling medium flowing through the heat sink 11 flows in a turbulent state; along the axial direction of the stator core 2, the stator core
  • the outer surface of 2 is set as a plurality of heat dissipation areas, and each heat dissipation area is provided with multiple sets of heat dissipation elements 11, and the inclination directions of the heat dissipation elements 11 in the two groups on both sides of the heat dis
  • a group of heat sinks 11, the inclination directions of the two sets of heat sinks 11 at the edge of each heat dissipation area are consistent, and the inclination directions of multiple groups of heat sinks 11 located inside the two edges are consistent, which is consistent with the inclination of the heat sinks 11 in the group of edges Orientation is set symmetrically.
  • the arrangement of multiple sets of heat sinks 11 divides the cooling medium into multiple flow directions, and flows through one heat sink 11, forming turbulent flow behind the heat sink 11, changing the cooling medium from a laminar flow state to a turbulent flow state, so that the cooling medium After separation, they are mixed, so that the cooling media of different temperatures can be mixed to improve the heat dissipation performance of the motor.
  • the number of heat sinks 11 in each group and the distance between adjacent heat sinks 11 are selected and set according to actual needs, and no specific requirements are set here.
  • a plurality of radiators 11 are arranged in multiple groups, and multiple groups of radiators 11 are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the stator core 2; direction, and each radiator 11 intersects with the axis of the stator core 2, the radiators 11 in two adjacent groups are arranged alternately, and the inclination directions of the radiators 11 in two adjacent groups are arranged symmetrically, the radiators 11
  • the number of groups is set according to actual needs.
  • the two sides of each heat sink 11 are set in steps, so that the flow rate of the cooling medium flowing through the heat sink 11 increases.
  • the setting of multiple sets of heat sinks 11 separates the cooling medium into multiple flow in two flow directions, and flow through a heat sink 11, forming turbulent flow behind the heat sink 11, changing the cooling medium from a laminar flow state to a turbulent flow state, so that the cooling medium is separated and then mixed, so that the cooling medium at different temperatures is mixed, Improve the cooling performance of the motor.
  • a plurality of heat sinks 11 are arranged in multiple groups, and multiple groups of heat sinks 11 are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the stator core; the number of heat sinks 11 in each group is multiple, and each The cooling elements 11 in one group are arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator core; the cooling elements 11 include a first blocking element and a second blocking element, the first blocking element is connected to the second blocking element, and the first blocking element is connected to the second blocking element.
  • the two stoppers are arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator core, that is, the axis of the first stopper is perpendicular to the axis of the stator core, the axis of the second stopper is perpendicular to the axis of the stator core, and the axis of the first stopper is perpendicular to the axis of the stator core.
  • the first blocking member and the second blocking member are arranged in parallel, and the first blocking member and the second blocking member are arranged in steps, so that the flow velocity of the cooling medium flowing through the heat sink 11 increases, and the heat sinks 11 in two adjacent groups are arranged alternately, And the heat sinks 11 in two adjacent groups are symmetrically arranged to separate the cooling medium into multiple flow directions, and flow through one heat sink 11 to form turbulent flow behind the heat sink 11, transforming the cooling medium from a laminar flow state to a turbulent flow State, so that the cooling medium is separated and then mixed, so that the cooling medium of different temperatures can be mixed to improve the heat dissipation performance of the motor.
  • a motor comprising the heat dissipation structure of an oil-cooled motor as described above.
  • the cooling medium enters the cooling medium circulation cavity 5 from the oil inlet 7 on the upper part of the casing 1, and circulates in the cavity along the outer surface of the stator core 2, and during the flow, It is sprayed from the oil injection channel 4 of the oil injection part 3 at both ends of the stator core 2, and is directly sprayed onto the stator end winding 6, and the cooling medium flows through the inner surface of the stator winding under the action of gravity, and the The inner space of the lower half of the housing converges and flows out from the oil outlet 8 of the lower half of the casing 1; when the cooling medium is sprayed from the oil injection channel 4, the cooling medium is sprayed in a fan shape due to the different widths of the oil injection holes 40.
  • the lower cooling medium will fill the cooling medium circulation space, and all surfaces can be in contact with the cooling medium to achieve the effect of heat dissipation; From laminar flow state to turbulent flow state, separation and remixing, the flow speed of cooling medium is increased, and the heat dissipation performance of the motor is improved.
  • the structure of the fuel injection part 3 and the fuel injection passage 4 in this embodiment are different, and the rest are the same.
  • the structure of the fuel injection part 3 and the structure of the fuel injection passage 4 will be described below.
  • the oil injection part 3 has an annular structure, and the oil injection part 3 is arranged on the end of the stator core 2 close to the outer diameter side, and the outer diameter of the oil injection part 3 is in line with the motor.
  • the inner diameter of the casing 1 is adapted so that the outer diameter surface of the fuel injection part 3 is in contact with the inner surface of the casing 1, the inner diameter of the fuel injection part 3 is smaller than the outer diameter of the stator core 2, and the inner diameter of the fuel injection part 3 is larger than that of the stator
  • a cooling medium circulation cavity 5 is formed on the surface.
  • the oil injection part 3 has a certain thickness, and the oil injection channel 4 is arranged obliquely, from the side facing the end face of the stator core 2 to the other side, pointing to the end winding 6 of the stator.
  • the oil injection channel 4 includes a plurality of oil injection holes 40, and the plurality of oil injection holes 40 are sequentially arranged from one side of the oil injection component facing the stator core to the other side, and the distance between the axes of adjacent oil injection holes 40 is equal to zero, so that
  • the fuel injection channel 4 is a hole structure with a smooth inner wall, that is, the axes of the multiple fuel injection holes coincide and are coaxially arranged.
  • the fuel injection channel 4 is a through hole and is a light hole, and the processing technology is simple.
  • the fuel injection part 3 can be an annular plate-shaped structure. At this time, a plurality of fuel injection holes 40 are integrally formed to form the structure of the fuel injection channel 4; or, the fuel injection part 3 can also be made of a plurality of annular silicon steel sheets, Each annular silicon steel sheet is provided with an oil injection hole 40, and the oil injection holes 40 on multiple annular silicon steel sheets are coaxially arranged.
  • the thickness of the fuel injection component 3 is selected according to actual needs, and no specific requirements are made here.
  • the diameter of the oil injection channel 4 can be a constant diameter structure, and can also be a variable diameter structure.
  • the diameter of the oil injection channel 4 is a variable diameter structure, the diameter of the oil inlet end is small, and the diameter of the oil outlet end Large, so that the cooling medium sprayed out from the oil injection channel 4 is sprayed out in a fan-shaped state.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the fuel injection channel 4 can be circular, square, oval, diamond, or other shapes, which can be selected and set according to actual needs, and no specific requirements are set here.
  • the oil injection channel 4 is arranged to intersect the axis of the stator core 2, and has an included angle ⁇ , and the included angle ⁇ satisfies the following relationship:
  • L is the length of the stator end winding 6
  • H is the distance from the oil inlet of the oil injection channel 4 to the stator end winding 6, and the included angle ⁇ is selected according to the size of L and H.
  • a motor comprising the heat dissipation structure of an oil-cooled motor as described above.
  • the cooling medium enters the cooling medium circulation cavity 5 from the oil inlet 7 on the upper part of the casing 1, and circulates in the cavity along the outer surface of the stator core 2, and during the flow, It is sprayed from the oil injection channel 4 of the oil injection part 3 at both ends of the stator core 2, and is directly sprayed onto the stator end winding 6, and the cooling medium flows through the inner surface of the stator winding under the action of gravity, and the The inner space of the lower half of the casing converges and flows out from the oil outlet 8 of the lower half of the casing 1; when the cooling medium is sprayed from the oil injection channel 4, the cooling medium is fan-shaped due to the variable diameter structure of the oil injection channel 4 Spray, increase the spray area of the cooling medium, and increase the heat dissipation area; after the cooling medium enters the cooling medium circulation cavity 5, due to the small width of the oil injection channel 4, there will be oil resistance here.
  • the cooling medium will fill the cooling medium circulation space, and all surfaces can be in contact with the cooling medium to achieve the effect of heat dissipation; when the cooling medium circulates in the cooling medium circulation cavity 5, under the blocking effect of the heat sink 11, the cooling The medium changes from laminar flow state to turbulent flow state, separates and remixes, increases the flow speed of the cooling medium, and improves the heat dissipation performance of the motor.
  • an oil injection part there is an oil injection part, and a plurality of oil injection passages are arranged on the oil injection part.
  • the inner surface of the casing is in contact, and the oil injection parts are installed at both ends of the stator core, so that the two oil injection parts, the outer surface of the stator core and the casing form a cooling medium circulation cavity, and the cooling medium flow cavity
  • the casing part corresponding to the body is provided with an oil inlet, and the oil injection channel is arranged obliquely, pointing to the end winding of the stator, and the width of the oil inlet end of the oil injection channel is smaller than the width of the oil outlet end, so that the cooling medium is sprayed in a fan-shaped state, or , along the direction from the oil inlet end to the oil outlet end of the oil injection channel, the width of the oil injection channel is the same, so that the cooling medium is sprayed in a cylindrical state, and a larger area is sprayed on the end winding of the stator, saving oil pipes and
  • the oil injection channel is a stepped channel to increase the flow speed of the cooling medium; the heat dissipation of the stator core and the end winding are connected by a series oil circuit, and each part uses the cooling medium with the largest flow rate to dissipate heat, and the utilization of the cooling medium
  • the cooling rate is higher; the cooling medium enters the cooling medium flow cavity, because the width of the stepped oil injection channel is small, there will be oil resistance here, and the cooling medium will fill the space of the cooling medium flow cavity under the action of the oil resistance , all the surfaces can be in contact with the oil to achieve the effect of heat dissipation; there is a heat sink on the outer surface of the stator core, which can change the laminar flow state of the cooling medium into a turbulent flow state, and increase the heat dissipation area in the middle of the stator core , Increase the flow rate of oil and improve the heat dissipation performance of the motor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种油冷电机散热结构及电机，包括：喷油部件，喷油部件设于定子铁芯的两端，喷油部件的外径不小于定子铁芯的外径，且喷油部件与机壳接触，以使得定子铁芯的外表面、机壳与喷油部件构造出冷却介质流通腔体，以便于冷却介质在冷却介质流通腔体内沿着定子铁芯外表面流动；喷油部件设有喷油通道，喷油通道的一端与冷却介质流通腔体连通，另一端与电机内部腔体连通，喷油通道由喷油部件的端面向定子端部绕组方向倾斜设置，以使得冷却介质从冷却介质流通腔体沿着喷油通道喷淋至定子端部绕组上。本发明的有益效果是定子铁芯散热与端部绕线散热采用串联冷却油路设计，减少了淋油部件，每个部分使用最大流量的冷却介质对其散热，冷却介质的利用率更大。

Description

一种油冷电机散热结构及电机 技术领域
本发明属于电机技术领域，尤其是涉及一种油冷电机散热结构及电机。
背景技术
近年来，随着国家政策的倾斜，新能源汽车有了飞速的发展，各大汽车及零部件厂商都在研发满足市场需求的新能源汽车及其配套设施，电机作为核心零部件之一，已开始与变速箱集成或与控制器等集成一体，随着功率密度要求越来越高，不管是作为一个整体还是单电机，其散热问题也变得更加重要，因此，对冷却方式也有了更高的要求。
目前同类油冷电机主要是在电机定子顶部及绕线端部附近布置油管且在油管上设计喷油孔，冷却油从喷油口喷射到定子铁芯外圆面及绕线端部。上述结构中定子顶部的油路与绕线端部的油路为并联连结，该并联结构是布设喷油管组件，定子顶部与绕线端部只能分配其中的一部分油液。一般情况下定子顶部的油路只能分配到较少的油液，电机的散热性能较差。
油液喷淋到定子铁芯顶部后，油液在重力的作用下沿着铁芯外表面流淌到定子铁芯底部。流淌的油液不能覆盖定子铁芯外表面的全部区域，流淌的速度较低。散热性能还有提高的空间。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本发明提供一种油冷电机散热结构及电机，以解决现有技术存在的以上或者其他前者问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种油冷电机散热结构，包括，
喷油部件，喷油部件设于定子铁芯的两端，喷油部件的外径不小于定子铁芯的外径，且喷油部件与机壳接触，以使得定子铁芯的外表面、机壳与喷油部件构造出冷却介质流通腔体，以便于冷却介质在冷却介质流通腔体内沿 着定子铁芯外表面流动；
喷油部件设有喷油通道，喷油通道的一端与冷却介质流通腔体连通，另一端与电机内部腔体连通，喷油通道由喷油部件的端面向定子端部绕组方向倾斜设置，以使得冷却介质从冷却介质流通腔体沿着喷油通道喷淋至定子端部绕组上；
喷油通道包括多个喷油孔，多个喷油孔沿着喷油部件的面向定子铁芯的一侧面至另一侧面依次设置，且相邻喷油孔的轴线之间具有距离，以使得多个喷油孔呈倾斜方向设置。
进一步的，相邻喷油孔的轴线之间的距离大于零，使得喷油通道为阶梯状内壁的孔结构。
进一步的，多个喷油孔的轴线均相互平行，多个喷油孔的轴线与定子铁芯的轴线的距离依次减小。
进一步的，沿着喷油通道的进油端至出油端方向，多个喷油孔的沿着定子铁芯的周向方向的宽度逐渐增大。
进一步的，沿着喷油通道的进油端至出油端方向，多个喷油孔的沿着定子铁芯的周向方向的宽度相同。
进一步的，喷油孔的形状为圆形、方形、椭圆形或菱形。
进一步的，喷油通道还包括第一喷油孔，第一喷油孔设于多个喷油孔的任一端，或，第一喷油孔设于多个喷油孔的两端。
进一步的，沿着定子铁芯的轴线方向，第一喷油孔的长度大于多个喷油孔中的任一喷油孔的长度。
进一步的，喷油通道与定子铁芯的轴线相交设置，具有一夹角α,夹角α满足以下关系式：
0<α<arctan(L/H)
其中，L为定子端部绕组的长度，H为喷油通道的出油口至定子端部绕 组的距离。
进一步的，喷油部件包括多个至少一种类型的硅钢片，多个硅钢片均与定子铁芯同轴设置；硅钢片为环形结构，硅钢片的靠近内径端侧沿着周向方向设有多个定子槽，多个定子槽与定子铁芯的槽一一对应，以便于定子绕组的设置。
进一步的，每一个硅钢片的靠近外径端的一侧均设置有多个喷油孔，多个喷油孔沿着硅钢片的周向设置，且多个喷油孔至少被设置于硅钢片的设置于电机内时的上半部分；
多个喷油孔沿着硅钢片的径向方向至少呈一排设置；
不同的硅钢片上的喷油孔至定子铁芯的轴线的距离不相同，每一个硅钢片上的每一排中的多个喷油孔至定子铁芯的轴线的距离相同，多个硅钢片上的喷油孔的位置均一一对应，构造出喷油通道结构。
进一步的，每一个硅钢片的靠近外径端的一侧均设置有多组喷油孔，多组喷油孔沿着硅钢片的周向设置，且多组喷油孔至少被设置于硅钢片的设置于电机内时的上半部分；
多组喷油孔沿着硅钢片的径向方向至少呈一排设置；
每一组喷油孔中，多个喷油孔至定子铁芯的轴线的距离依次增大或依次减小，每一个喷油孔与一个定子槽相对应；
多个硅片在安装时，以第一个硅钢片为基础，第N个硅钢片相对第一个硅钢片旋转(N-1)x(M+1)个定子槽角度依次进行设置，构造出喷油通道结构,其中，M为相邻两个喷油孔之前的定子槽的数量。
进一步的，定子铁芯的外表面设有多个散热件，多个散热件沿着定子铁芯的周向设置。
进一步的，多个散热件被设置为多组，多组散热件沿着定子铁芯周向依次设置；每一组散热件均包括第一阻挡杆、第二阻挡杆和第三阻挡杆，第一 阻挡杆、第二阻挡杆与第三阻挡杆均沿着定子铁芯的轴线方向设置，且第一阻挡杆与第二阻挡杆设于同一直线上，第一阻挡杆与第二阻挡杆之间具有间隙，第三阻挡杆设于第一阻挡杆的任一侧，且第三阻挡杆与第一阻挡杆与第二阻挡杆之间的间隙位置相对应；
或，散热件的长度小于定子铁芯的长度，且多个散热件呈S型设置；
或，多个散热件被设置为多组，多组散热件沿着定子铁芯轴线方向依次设置；每一组散热件沿着定子铁芯的周向方向设置，且每一个散热件与定子铁芯的轴线相交设置，相邻两组中的散热件交错设置；沿着定子铁芯的轴线方向，定子铁芯的外表面被设置为多个散热区，每一个散热区内设置有多组散热件，散热区的两侧的两组内的散热件的倾斜方向相一致，除去两侧的两组的其余组内的散热件的倾斜方向相一致，且其余组内的散热件的倾斜方向与两侧的两组内的散热件的倾斜方向对称设置；
或，多个散热件被设置为多组，多组散热件沿着定子铁芯轴线方向依次设置；每一组散热件沿着定子铁芯的周向方向设置，且每一个散热件与定子铁芯的轴线相交设置，相邻两组中的散热件交错设置，且相邻两组中的散热件的倾斜方向对称设置；
或，多个散热件被设置为多组，多组散热件沿着定子铁芯轴线方向依次设置；每一组散热件沿着定子铁芯的周向方向设置，散热件包括第一阻挡件和第二阻挡件，第一阻挡件与第二阻挡件连接，且第一阻挡件与第二阻挡件均沿着定子铁芯的周向方向设置，第一阻挡件与第二阻挡件呈阶梯设置，相邻两组中的散热件交错设置，且相邻两组中的散热件对称设置。
进一步的，喷油通道的数量为多个，被设置为喷油部件至少位于电机内部时的上半部分，多个喷油通道沿着喷油部件的周向依次设置。
进一步的，喷油部件为环形结构，且喷油部件设于定子铁芯的靠近外径侧的端部；相邻喷油孔的轴线之间的距离等于零，使得喷油通道为内壁光滑 的孔结构。
进一步的，喷油通道与定子铁芯的轴线相交设置，具有一夹角α,夹角α满足以下关系式：
0<α<arctan(L/H)
其中，L为定子端部绕组的长度，H为喷油通道的进油口至定子端部绕组的距离。
一种电机，包括如上述的油冷电机散热结构。
由于采用上述技术方案，具有喷油部件，在喷油部件上设置有多个喷油通道，多个喷油通道沿着定子铁芯的周向方向设置，喷油部件的外径端与电机的机壳内表面接触，且喷油部件安装在定子铁芯的两端，以使得两个喷油部件、定子铁心外表面与机壳构造出一个冷却介质流通腔体，并与该冷却介质流通腔体相对应的机壳部分设置有进油口，喷油通道倾斜设置，指向定子端部绕组，且喷油通道的进油端的宽度小于出油端的宽度，使得冷却介质呈扇形状态喷出，或，沿着喷油通道的进油端至出油端方向，喷油通道的宽度相同，使得冷却介质呈柱形状态喷出，更大面积的喷淋至定子端部绕组上，省却了油管及油管连接件，结构简单，简化安装工艺，提高散热效率；
喷油通道由多个喷油孔构成，喷油孔的宽度不同，每一个喷油孔至定子铁芯的轴线的距离不相同，以使得喷油通道为阶梯式通道，增大冷却介质的流动速度；
定子铁芯散热与端部绕线散热采用串联油路连接，每个部分使用最大流量的冷却介质对其散热，冷却介质的利用率更大；
冷却介质进入冷却介质流动腔体内部，由于阶梯型喷油通道的宽度较小，此处会有油阻，在油阻的作用下冷却介质会充满冷却介质流动腔体的空间中，所有的表面都能与油液接触起到散热的效果；
在定子铁芯的外表面设有散热件，能够将冷却介质的层流状态变为湍流 状态，增大定子铁芯中部的散热面积，增大油液的流动速度，提高电机的散热性能。
附图说明
图1是本发明的一实施例的电机的剖视结构示意图；
图1A是图1中的A部的第一种结构的放大示意图；
图1B是图1中的A部的第二种结构的放大示意图；
图1C是图1中的A部的第三种结构的放大示意图；
图1D是图1中的A部的第四种结构的放大示意图；
图2是图1中的B部的放大结构示意图；
图3是本发明的一实施例的冷却介质在冷却介质流通腔体内部流动状态示意图；
图4是本发明的一实施例的冷却介质在定子端部绕组的喷淋状态示意图；
图5是图4的C部放大结构示意图；
图6是本发明的一实施例的冷却介质在定子端部绕组的喷淋状态的另一视角的示意图；
图7是图6的D部放大结构示意图；
图8是本发明的一实施例的具有喷油孔组的单片硅钢片结构示意图；
图9是图8的E部放大结构示意图；
图10是本发明的一实施例的散热件设置的第一种结构示意图；
图11是本发明的一实施例的散热件设置的第二种结构示意图；
图12是本发明的一实施例的散热件设置的第三种结构示意图；
图13是本发明的一实施例的散热件设置的第四种结构示意图；
图14是本发明的一实施例的散热件设置的第五种结构示意图；
图15是本发明的一实施例的喷油通道的出油端位于定子铁芯散热油路 靠近定子端部绕组一侧时的结构示意图；
图16是本发明的一实施例的喷油通道的出油端设有第一喷油孔时的冷却介质流动状态示意图；
图17是本发明的一实施例的喷油通道呈两排设置时的局部结构示意图；
图18是本发明的一实施例的多组喷油孔呈两排设置时的局部结构示意图；
图19是本发明的一实施例的每组喷油孔中相邻两个喷油孔之间具有一个定子槽时的结构示意图；
图20是本发明的实施例二的电机的剖视结构示意图。
图中：
1、机壳                2、定子铁芯         3、喷油部件
4、喷油通道            5、冷却介质流通腔体 6、定子端部绕组
7、进油口              8、出油口           9、无效孔
10、有效孔             11、散热件          30、硅钢片
40、喷油孔             41、第一喷油孔      300、喷油孔区域
301、定子槽            302、空白区域
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
图1示出了本发明的一实施例的示意图，本发明的一实施例涉及一种油冷电机散热结构及电机，该散热结构具有喷油部件，喷油部件设于定子铁芯的两端，喷油部件、定子铁芯与电机的机壳构造成冷却介质流通腔体，喷油部件具有倾斜设置的喷油通道，指向定子端部绕组，以使得冷却介质能够直接喷淋至定子端部绕组上，省却了油管及油管连接件，结构简单，简化安装 工艺，定子铁芯散热与端部绕线散热采用串联油路连接，每个部分使用最大流量的冷却油对其散热，冷却油的利用率更大，电机散热能力得到提升。
实施例一
一种油冷电机散热结构，如图1-4所示，包括：喷油部件3，喷油部件3设于定子铁芯2的两端，喷油部件3的外径不小于定子铁芯2的外径，且喷油部件3与电机的机壳1接触，以使得定子铁芯2的外表面、机壳1与喷油部件3构造出冷却介质流通腔体5，以便于冷却介质在冷却介质流通腔体5内沿着定子铁芯2外表面流动，由于定子铁芯2安装的位置位于电机机壳1的中部位置，所以，为使得冷却介质能够进入该冷却介质流通腔体5内，与该冷却介质流通腔体5连通有一进油口7，以使得冷却介质能够通过该进油口7进入冷却介质流通腔体5内；位于该冷却介质流通腔体5内的冷却介质沿着定子铁芯2的外表面流通，对定子铁芯2进行降温，且冷却介质与定子铁芯2的接触面积大，冷却介质流经整个定子铁芯2的外表面，增大电机的散热效果；
喷油部件3设有喷油通道4，喷油通道4的一端与冷却介质流通腔体5连通，另一端与电机内部腔体连通，喷油通道4由喷油部件3的端面向定子端部绕组6方向倾斜设置，以使得冷却介质从冷却介质流通腔体5沿着喷油通道4喷淋至定子端部绕组6上，位于该冷却介质流通腔体5的外侧的部分均为电机内部腔体，喷油通道4的设置，使得冷却介质从冷却介质流通腔体5内流出，并直接喷淋至定子绕组的端部，以使得冷却介质从定子绕组的端部流经定子绕组的内表面，提高电机的散热效果；且喷油通道4为孔结构，以使得冷却介质能够喷射而出，快速准确的喷淋至定子端部绕组6上，使得整个定子端部绕组6喷淋有冷却介质，对定子端部绕组6进行散热。
冷却介质进入该冷却介质流通腔体5后，在该冷却介质流通腔体5内流动，并沿着定子铁芯2的外表现流动，流经定子铁芯2的整个外表面，同时， 冷却介质从定子铁芯2的两端的喷油部件3的喷油通道4倾斜喷射而出，喷淋至定子端部绕组6上，进而使得冷却介质流经定子绕组的内表面，对定子绕组及定子铁芯2进行降温，增大冷却介质的流经面积，提高电机的散热性能，冷却介质从冷却介质流通腔体5直接喷淋至定子端部绕组6上，以使得定子铁芯散热与端部绕线散热为串联油路连接，每个部分使用最大流量的冷却介质对其散热，冷却介质的利用率更大；冷却介质进入冷却介质流动腔体内部，由于喷油通道的宽度较小，此处会有油阻，在油阻的作用下冷却介质会充满冷却介质流动腔体的空间中，所有的表面都能与油液接触起到散热的效果。
具体地，如图1所示，喷油部件3在设置时，位于定子铁芯2的两端的端部，且喷油部件3沿着定子铁芯2的端部的周向设置，至少布设于定子铁芯2的端部的位于电机内部时的上半部分，这里，设定：定子铁芯2位于电机内部时的上半部分为定子铁芯2的上半部分，定子铁芯2位于电机内部时的下半部分为定子铁芯2的下半部分，以使得冷却介质对位于定子铁芯2的上半部分的定子端部绕组6进行喷淋，并在重力作用下，冷却介质流经下半部分定子端部绕组6及定子绕组内表面，对定子绕组进行降温。
喷油通道4的数量为多个，被设置为喷油部件3至少位于电机内部时的上半部分，多个喷油通道4沿着喷油部件3的周向依次设置，即，多个喷油通道4沿着定子铁芯2的周向依次设置，遍布于喷油部件3的与定子铁芯2的上半部分相对应的位置，或者，多个喷油通道4遍布于喷油部件3的与定子铁芯2的整个端部相对应的位置，以使得冷却介质能够在不同位置从各个方向对定子端部绕组6进行喷淋。喷油通道4的数量及设置方式根据实际需求进行选择，这里不做具体要求。
优选的，在本实施例中，喷油通道4沿着定子铁芯2的周向均匀设置，且每一个喷油通道4对应一个定子端部绕组6，以使得每一个定子端部绕组 6都能够喷淋有冷却介质。
喷油通道4的进油端可以位于喷油部件3的靠近电机壳体1的一端的侧面，此时，喷油通道4的出油端位于冷却介质流通腔体5向电机内部腔体方向延伸的空间内，如图1A所示，或者，喷油通道4的进油端位于喷油部件3靠近定子铁芯2的侧面，此时，喷油通道4的出油端位于冷却介质流通腔体5的一侧(靠近定子端部绕组6的一侧)，如图15所示。
为了简化散热结构，减少占用电机机壳1内部空间，在本实施例中，位于电机的上部分的机壳1设有进油口7，进油口7与冷却介质流通腔体5连通，位于电机的下部分的机壳1设有出油口8，出油口8与电机内部腔体连通，以使得冷却介质从机壳1上部的进油口7进入冷却介质流通腔体5内，在该冷却介质流通腔体5内流动的同时，从喷油通道4喷出，喷淋至定子端部绕组6上，并在重力的作用下，流经定子绕组的内表面，并汇聚在机壳1的下部，从机壳1下部的出油口8流出，此种结构设计，省去了现有设计中的油管及油管连接件，使得散热结构简单，安装工艺得到简化，且冷却介质从进油口7进入，并从喷油通道4喷出，使得定子铁芯2散热与定子端部绕组6散热为串联油路连接，使得每个部分使用最大流量的冷却介质对其散热，冷却介质的利用率更大，所有的表面都能与冷却介质接触起到散热的效果，电机的散热性能得到提高。
如图1A-1D所示，喷油通道4包括多个喷油孔40，多个喷油孔40沿着喷油部件3的面向定子铁芯2的一侧面至另一侧面依次设置，且相邻喷油孔40的轴线之间具有距离，以使得多个喷油孔40呈倾斜方向设置，喷油通道4由多个喷油孔40依次连接构成，且多个喷油孔40在连接设置时，从喷油部件3的面向定子铁芯2的一侧面向另一侧面倾斜设置，多个喷油孔40均连通，构造出倾斜设置的喷油通道4，以便于冷却介质能够喷淋至定子端部绕组6上。
该相邻喷油孔40的轴线之间的距离大于等于零，根据实际需求进行选择，在本实施例中，该相邻喷油孔40的轴线之间的距离大于零，使得喷油通道4为阶梯状内壁的孔结构。
多个喷油孔40的轴线可以是相交设置，或者是，多个喷油孔40的轴线均相互平行，或者是，部分喷油孔40的轴线平行设置，部分喷油孔40的轴线相交设置，根据实际需求进行选择，这里不做具体要求；为了减小制备工艺的难度，提高加工效率，优选的，在本实施例中，多个喷油孔40的轴线均相互平行设置，每一个喷油孔40的轴线与定子铁芯2的轴线平行设置，且相邻两个喷油孔40的轴线相互平行设置，则多个喷油孔40的轴线均相互平行设置，相邻两个喷油孔40的轴线之间具有一定的距离，以使得多个喷油孔40倾斜设置，进而使得喷油通道4倾斜设置，该距离根据实际的喷油通道4的倾斜设置的角度决定，这里不做具体要求。
由于喷油通道4倾斜设置，则多个喷油孔40至定子铁芯2的轴线的距离大部分不相同，使得喷油通道4整体呈倾斜状态，在本实施例中，优选的，多个喷油孔40的轴线与定子铁芯2的轴线的距离依次减小，呈阶梯式设置，以使得喷油通道4从喷油部件3的面向定子铁芯2的一侧面倾斜向定子端部绕组6方向，使得冷却介质能够直接喷淋至定子端部绕组6上。
喷油孔40的截面形状可以是圆形，或者是方形，或者是椭圆形，或者是菱形，或者是其他形状，根据实际需求进行选择，这里不做具体要求。
如图4-7所示，每一个喷油孔40具有一定的宽度(该喷油孔40的宽度与喷油通道4的进油端至出油端方向相垂直设置)，多个喷油孔40的宽度可以相同，也可以不相同，或者，部分喷油孔40的宽度相同，部分喷油孔40的宽度不相同，根据实际需求进行选择，这里不做具体要求。每一个喷油孔40具有一定的高度，该喷油孔40的高度与喷油孔40的宽度相垂直，该喷油孔40的高度与宽度为构成喷油孔40的截面的主要尺寸，多个喷油孔 40的高度可以相同，也可以不相同，或者，多个喷油孔40部分相同，部分不相同，根据实际需求进行选择，这里不做具体要求。
优选的，在本实施例中，沿着喷油通道4的进油端至出油端方向，多个喷油孔40的沿着定子铁芯2的周向方向的宽度逐渐增大，使得喷油通道4的横截面的宽度逐渐增大，以使得冷却介质以扇形状态喷淋而出，能够更大面积的喷淋至定子端部绕组6上。
位于喷油通道4的进油端的一侧的宽度最小，设定该侧宽度为a，位于喷油通道4的出油端的一侧的宽度最大，设定该侧宽度为b，则，b>a，a与b的尺寸比例根据电机结构尺寸及冷却介质流量等数据进行选择设置，这里不做具体要求。
设定每一个喷油孔40的高度为h，由于多个喷油孔40倾斜设置，相邻喷油孔40之间具有高度差，则从喷油通道4的出油端一侧看，能够显示出相邻的喷油孔40的一部分。
或者，沿着喷油通道4的进油端至出油端方向，多个喷油孔40的沿着定子铁芯2的周向方向的宽度相同，使得喷油通道4的横截面的宽度不变，以使得冷却介质以柱形状态喷淋而出，能够快速、准确地喷淋至定子端部绕组6上。
喷油通道4的出油端处的冷却介质喷淋出的方向指向定子端部绕组6，喷油通道4与定子铁芯2的轴线相交设置，具有一夹角α,夹角α满足以下关系式：
0<α<arctan(L/H)
其中，L为定子端部绕组6的长度，H为喷油通道4的出油口至定子端部绕组6的距离，根据L和H的大小进行夹角α的选择。
进一步优化方案，如图1A-1D所示，喷油通道4还包括第一喷油孔41，第一喷油孔41设于多个喷油孔40的任一端，或，第一喷油孔41设于多个 喷油孔40的两端，即，在喷油通道4的进油端或出油端设有第一喷油孔41，或者，在喷油通道4的进油端与出油端均设置有第一喷油孔41，根据实际需求进行选择，这里不做具体要求。沿着定子铁芯2的轴线方向，第一喷油孔41的长度大于多个喷油孔40中的任一喷油孔40，第一喷油孔41的长度在多个喷油孔40中是最长的，以使得喷油通道4的进油端和/或出油端的截面形状具有相对设置的平台结构，以使得冷却介质能够稳定的流入喷油通道4或稳定的流出喷油通道4。
第一喷油孔41的轴线与定子铁芯2的轴线平行设置，当第一喷油孔41位于喷油通道4的进油端时，第一喷油孔41的设置，以便于冷却介质顺利的进入喷油通道4内部；当第一喷油孔41位于喷油通道的出油端，或当第一喷油孔41位于进油端和出油端时，此时冷却介质从第一喷油孔41直接相对平行于定子端部绕组6喷射出，如图16所示，然后在重力作用下喷淋至定子端部绕组6上，此时，喷油通道4的轴线与定子铁芯2的轴线之间的夹角可以不用上述公式进行限定，此种情况下，喷油通道4的轴线与定子铁芯2的轴线之间的夹角可以根据实际需求进行选择设置。
为使得喷油通道4的多个喷油孔40呈阶梯设置，喷油部件3包括多个至少一种类型的硅钢片30，如图6-9所示，该硅钢片30的材质与构成定子铁芯2的硅钢片的材质相一致，多个硅钢片30均与定子铁芯2同轴设置，以便于将喷油部件3安装在定子铁芯2的两端，且不会妨碍电机转子的转动。每一个喷油部件3中的硅钢片可以是同类型，也可以是不同类型，硅钢片的类型根据实际需求进行选择。
为使得硅钢片30能够安装在定子铁芯2的两端，在本实施例中，硅钢片30为环形结构，硅钢片30的靠近内径端侧的沿着周向方向设有多个定子槽301，多个定子槽301与定子铁芯2的槽一一对应，以便于定子绕组的设置，且喷油部件3不会妨碍定子绕组的安装，多个硅钢片30相叠加构造成 喷油部件3的结构。
一种类型的硅钢片的结构为：每一个硅钢片30的靠近外径端的一侧均设置有多个喷油孔40，多个喷油孔40沿着硅钢片30的周向设置，且多个喷油孔40至少被设置于硅钢片30的设置于电机内时的上半部分，每一个喷油孔40的位置与每一个喷油通道4的位置相对应，多个喷油孔40位于硅钢片30的与定子铁芯2上半部分相对应的位置上，或者，多个喷油孔40位于硅钢片30的整个周向，根据实际需求进行选择，这里不做具体要求；如图17所示，多个喷油孔40沿着硅钢片30的径向方向至少呈一排设置，设于同一周向上的多个喷油孔40为一排，则，沿着硅钢片30的径向方向，多个喷油孔40设置成一排，或者，多个喷油孔40设置成两排，或者是多个喷油孔40设置成多排，根据实际需求进行选择设置；不同的硅钢片30上的喷油孔40至定子铁芯2的轴线的距离不相同，每一个硅钢片30上的同一排上的喷油孔40至定子铁芯2的轴线的距离相同，多个硅钢片30上的喷油孔40的位置均一一对应，构造出喷油通道4结构，多个硅钢片30在叠加时，每一个位置的相对应的喷油孔40先相对应，按照喷油孔40至定子铁芯2的轴线的距离逐渐减小的趋势依次叠加相应的硅钢片30，以使得每一个喷油孔40构造成一个喷油通道4，且每一个硅钢片30的相对应位置的喷油孔40至定子铁芯2的轴线的距离不相同，则多个硅钢片30的每一个相对应位置由多个阶梯式排布的喷油孔40构造成一个喷油通道4。每一个硅钢片30的喷油孔40的宽度可以不相同，以使得构造出的喷油通道4进油端宽度小，出油端宽度大，冷却介质呈扇形状态喷出，或者，每一个硅钢片30的喷油孔40的宽度可以相同，以使得构造出的喷油通道4的从进油端至出油端方向宽度一致，冷却介质呈柱形状态喷出。
或者，另一种类型的硅钢片的结构为：如图8和9所示，每一个硅钢片30的靠近外径端的一侧均设置有多组喷油孔40，多组喷油孔40沿着硅钢片 30的周向设置，且多组喷油孔40至少被设置于硅钢片30的设置于电机内时的上半部分，设于硅钢片30的与定子铁芯2的上半部分相对应的位置，沿着周向方向，设置多组喷油孔40，或者，沿着硅钢片30的整个周向方向，设置多组喷油孔40，根据实际需求进行选择，这里不做具体要求。如图18所示，多组喷油孔40沿着硅钢片30的径向方向至少呈一排设置，设于同一周向上的多组喷油孔40为一排，则，沿着硅钢片30的径向方向，多组喷油孔40可以设置成一排，或者，多组喷油孔40可以设置成两排，或者是多组喷油孔40可以设置成多排，根据实际需求进行选择设置；每一组喷油孔40中，多个喷油孔40沿着硅钢片30的周向依次设置，且每一个喷油孔40至定子铁芯2的轴线的距离不同；每一组喷油孔40中，多个喷油孔40至定子铁芯2的轴线的距离依次增大或依次减小；每一组喷油孔40中，每一个喷油孔40与一个定子槽301相对应，以便于多个硅钢片30在叠加时进行定位；多个硅钢片在安装时，以第一个硅钢片30为基础，第N个硅钢片30相对第一个硅钢片30旋转(N-1)x(M+1)个定子槽301角度依次进行设置，构造出喷油通道4结构，例如，当相邻两个喷油孔40之间不具有定子槽301时，安装第二个硅钢片30时，将第二个硅钢片30多组喷油孔40与第一个硅钢片30的多个喷油孔40一一对应，然后旋转一个定子槽301的角度，使得第二个硅钢片30的第二个喷油孔40与第一个硅钢片30的第一个喷油孔40相对应且连通，第三个硅钢片30安装时，将第三个硅钢片30的各组喷油孔40与第一个硅钢片30的各组喷油孔40相对应，然后将第三个硅钢片30旋转两个定子槽301的角度，使得第三个硅钢片30的第三个喷油孔40与第一个硅钢片30的第一个喷油孔40相对应且连通，依次类推，直至最后一个硅钢片30安装完；又例如：如图19所示，当相邻两个喷油孔40之间具有一个定子槽301时，安装第二个硅钢片30时，将第二个硅钢片30多组喷油孔40与第一个硅钢片30的多个喷油孔40一一对应，然后旋转2个定子槽301 的角度，使得第二个硅钢片30的第二个喷油孔40与第一个硅钢片30的第一个喷油孔40相对应且连通，第三个硅钢片30安装时，将第三个硅钢片30的各组喷油孔40与第一个硅钢片30的各组喷油孔40相对应，然后将第三个硅钢片30旋转4个定子槽301的角度，使得第三个硅钢片30的第三个喷油孔40与第一个硅钢片30的第一个喷油孔40相对应且连通，依次类推，直至最后一个硅钢片30安装完；此时，所有的硅钢片30中，只有与第一个硅钢片30的第一个喷油孔40相对应的喷油孔40连通，其余的均不连通，即，在每一组喷油孔40中，只有一个喷油孔40为有效孔10，其余为无效孔9，所有硅钢片30在安装时，旋转方向一致，以此构造成的喷油通道4中的喷油孔40呈阶梯式设置。
在每一个硅钢片30中，相邻两组喷油孔40之间具有一空白区域302，无效孔9即被空白区域302遮挡，空白区域302的大小由每一组喷油孔40区域的大小及喷油孔40组数来决定。在本实施例中，第一个硅钢片30的喷油孔40的选择决定着后续的其他硅钢片30的喷油孔40的选择，可以选择第一个硅钢片30的每一组中的任一个喷油孔40作为有效孔10，根据实际安装需求进行选择，这里不做具体要求。
进一步优化方案，为了增大定子铁芯2的散热面积，在定子铁芯2的外表面设有多个散热件11，如图10-13所示，多个散热件11沿着定子铁芯2的周向设置，增大冷却介质的流动速度，使得在定子铁芯2的表面流动的冷却介质由层流流动变位湍流流动，从而提高电机的散热性能。散热件11与定子铁芯2固定连接，该固定连接方式优选为一体成型。
散热件11是否布置由电机定子的安装结构、电机的损耗等参数决定。当定子铁芯2的外表面未设置散热件11时，此时，喷油部件3的外径大于定子铁芯2的外径，喷油部件3凸出定子铁芯2的外表面，以使得定子铁芯2的外表面、机壳和喷油部件3构成冷却介质流通腔体5；当定子铁芯2的 外表面设置散热件11时，此时，喷油部件2的外径可以大于定子铁芯2的外径，喷油部件3的外径端凸出散热件11的外表面，定子铁芯2的外表面、机壳1和喷油部件3构成冷却介质流通腔体5，散热件11位于该冷却介质流通腔体5内；当散热件11的外表面与机壳1的内表面接触时，此时，喷油部件3的外径等于定子铁芯2的外径，喷油部件3的外径端与散热件11的外表面平齐，散热件11位于该冷却介质流通腔体5内，并将该冷却介质流通腔体5分割成多个相互连通的流通通道，以便于冷却介质流动。
其中，如图10所示，多个散热件11被设置为多组，多组散热件11沿着定子铁芯2周向依次设置，布设满定子铁芯2的外表面，对在定子铁芯2的外表面流动的冷却介质进行阻挡，改变冷却介质的流动状态；每组散热件11以一定的间距设置在定子铁芯2的外表面，每一组散热件11均包括第一阻挡杆、第二阻挡杆和第三阻挡杆，第一阻挡杆、第二阻挡杆与第三阻挡杆均沿着定子铁芯2的轴线方向设置，即，第一阻挡杆、第二阻挡杆与第三阻挡杆均沿着定子铁芯2的长度方向设置，且第一阻挡杆与第二阻挡杆设于同一直线上，第一阻挡杆与第二阻挡杆之间具有间隙，第一阻挡杆的一端与定子铁芯2的一端相对齐，并向另一端方向延伸，第二阻挡杆的一端与定子铁芯2的另一端相对齐，向一端方向延伸，且第一阻挡杆与第二阻挡杆的长度之和小于定子铁芯2的长度，以使得第一阻挡杆与第二阻挡杆之间具有间隙，以便于冷却介质能够从该间隙内通过，第三阻挡杆设于第一阻挡杆的任一侧，且第三阻挡杆与第一阻挡杆与第二阻挡杆之间的间隙位置相对应，第三阻挡杆的长度不小于该间隙的长度，以使得第三阻挡杆对冷却介质进行阻挡，使得冷却介质分流出两部分，从该第三阻挡杆的两端流出。多组散热件11依次设置，冷却介质从第一组中的第一阻挡杆与第二阻挡杆之间的间隙流出，经第三阻挡杆阻挡，分离出两部分，分别从第三阻挡杆的两端流出，再次从第二组中的第一阻挡杆与第二阻挡杆之间的间隙流出，再次被第三阻 挡杆阻挡，分离出两部分，流入下一组，依次类推，冷却介质流经定子铁芯2的整个外表面。同时，冷却介质在定子铁芯2表面流动的同时，从定子铁芯2的两端的喷油通道4流出，喷淋至定子端部绕组6。
优选的，在本实施例中，第一阻挡杆与第三阻挡杆平行设置，第一阻挡杆、第二阻挡杆与第三阻挡杆均与定子铁芯2的轴线相平行。
或者，如图11所示，散热件11的长度小于定子铁芯2的长度，且多个散热件11呈S型设置，多个散热件11中，一个散热件11的一端与定子铁芯2的一端对齐，并向另一端方向延伸，第二个散热件11的一端与定子铁芯2的另一端对齐，并向一端方向延伸，第三个散热件11的一端与定子铁芯2的一端对齐，并向另一端方向延伸，第四个散热件11的一端与定子铁芯2的另一端对齐，并向一端方向延伸，依次类推，相邻两个散热件11一端与定子铁芯2的一端对齐，另一个散热件11的一端与定子铁芯2的另一端对齐，两个散热件11相向延伸，呈S型设置，使得冷却介质呈S型流动。
或者，如图12所示，多个散热件11被设置为多组，多组散热件11沿着定子铁芯2轴线方向依次设置，组数根据实际需求进行选择设置；每一组散热件11沿着定子铁芯2的周向方向设置，且每一个散热件11与定子铁芯2的轴线相交设置，相邻两组中的散热件11交错设置，每一组中的多个散热件11均倾斜设置，且倾斜方向一致；每一个散热件11的两侧面呈阶梯状设置，以使得流经散热件11的冷却介质以湍流状态流动；沿着定子铁芯2的轴线方向，定子铁芯2的外表面被设置为多个散热区，每一个散热区内设置有多组散热件11，散热区的两侧的两组内的散热件11的倾斜方向相一致，除去两侧的两组的其余组内的散热件11的倾斜方向相一致，且其余组内的散热件11的倾斜方向与两侧的两组内的散热件11的倾斜方向对称设置，在每一个散热区内具有多组散热件11，每一个散热区的边缘的两组的散热件11的倾斜方向一致，位于两个边缘内部的多组散热件11的倾斜方向一致， 与边缘的组内的散热件11的倾斜方向对称设置。
多组散热件11的设置，将冷却介质分隔成多个流动方向流动，且流经一个散热件11，在散热件11后面形成湍流，将冷却介质由层流状态转变成湍流状态，使得冷却介质分离后再混合，使得不同温度的冷却介质进行混合，提高电机的散热性能。
每一组中的散热件11的数量及相邻散热件11之间的距离根据实际需求进行选择设置，这里不做具体要求。
或者，如图13所示，多个散热件11被设置为多组，多组散热件11沿着定子铁芯2轴线方向依次设置；每一组散热件11沿着定子铁芯2的周向方向设置，且每一个散热件11与定子铁芯2的轴线相交设置，相邻两组中的散热件11交错设置，且相邻两组中的散热件11的倾斜方向对称设置，散热件11的组数根据实际需求进行设置，每一个散热件11的两侧面呈阶梯设置，以使得流经散热件11的冷却介质的流动速度增加，多组散热件11的设置，将冷却介质分隔成多个流动方向流动，且流经一个散热件11，在散热件11后面形成湍流，将冷却介质由层流状态转变成湍流状态，使得冷却介质分离后再混合，使得不同温度的冷却介质进行混合，提高电机的散热性能。
或，如图14所示，多个散热件11被设置为多组，多组散热件11沿着定子铁芯轴线方向依次设置；每一组中的散热件11的数量为多个，且每一组中的散热件11沿着定子铁芯的周向方向设置；散热件11包括第一阻挡件和第二阻挡件，第一阻挡件与第二阻挡件连接，且第一阻挡件与第二阻挡件均沿着定子铁芯的周向方向设置，即，第一阻挡件的轴线与定子铁芯的轴线垂直设置，第二阻挡件的轴线与定子铁芯的轴线垂直设置，第一阻挡件与第二阻挡件平行设置，且第一阻挡件与第二阻挡件呈阶梯设置，以使得流经散热件11的冷却介质的流动速度增加，相邻两组中的散热件11交错设置，且相邻两组中的散热件11对称设置，将冷却介质分隔成多个流动方向流动， 且流经一个散热件11，在散热件11后面形成湍流，将冷却介质由层流状态转变成湍流状态，使得冷却介质分离后再混合，使得不同温度的冷却介质进行混合，提高电机的散热性能。
一种电机，包括如上述的油冷电机散热结构。
该电机在工作时，冷却介质从机壳1上部的进油口7进入冷却介质流通腔体5内，并在该腔体内沿着定子铁芯2的外表面流通，并在流动的过程中，从定子铁芯2的两端的喷油部件3的喷油通道4喷出，直接喷淋至定子端部绕组6上，冷却介质在重力的作用下流经定子绕组的内表面，并在机壳1的下半部的内部空间汇聚，从机壳1下半部分的出油口8流出；冷却介质从喷油通道4喷出时，由于喷油孔40的宽度不同，使得冷却介质呈扇形状态喷出，增大冷却介质的喷淋面积，增大散热面积；冷却介质进入冷却介质流通腔体5内后，由于喷油通道4的宽度较小，此处会有油阻，在油阻的作用下冷却介质会充满冷却介质流通空间中，所有的表面都能与冷却介质接触起到散热的效果；冷却介质在冷却介质流通腔体5内流通时，在散热件11的阻挡作用下，冷却介质由层流状态变为湍流状态，分离再混合，提高冷却介质的流动速度，提高电机的散热性能。
实施例二
本实施例与实施例一相比，喷油部件3的结构及喷油通道4的结构不相同，其余的均相同，下面对喷油部件3的结构及喷油通道4的结构进行说明。
在本实施例中，如图20所示，喷油部件3为环形结构，且喷油部件3设于定子铁芯2的靠近外径侧的端部，该喷油部件3的外径与电机的机壳1的内径相适应，使得喷油部件3的外径表面与机壳1内表面接触，喷油部件3的内径小于定子铁芯2的外径，且喷油部件3的内径大于定子端部绕组6的外径，以使得喷油部件3安装在定子铁芯2的靠近外径一侧的端部，两个喷油部件3、定子铁芯2的外表面及机壳1的内表面构造出一个冷却介质流 通腔体5。
喷油部件3具有一定的厚度，喷油通道4倾斜设置，从面向定子铁芯2的端面的一侧面向另一侧面倾斜设置，指向定子端部绕组6，在本实施例中，喷油通道4包括多个喷油孔40，多个喷油孔40沿着喷油部件的面向定子铁芯的一侧面至另一侧面依次设置，相邻喷油孔40的轴线之间的距离等于零，使得喷油通道4为内壁光滑的孔结构，即，多个喷油孔的轴线重合，同轴设置，该喷油通道4为通孔，且为光孔，加工工艺简单。
喷油部件3可以是一环形板状结构，此时，多个喷油孔40一体成型，构造出喷油通道4的结构；或者，喷油部件3也可以是由多个环形硅钢片构成，每一个环形硅钢片上设置有一个喷油孔40，多个环形硅钢片上的喷油孔40同轴设置。
喷油通道4的数量为多个，沿着喷油部件3的周向方向依次设置，喷油部件3的厚度根据实际需求进行选择，这里不做具体要求。
喷油通道4的直径可以是等径结构，也可以是变径结构，在本实施例中，优选的，该喷油通道4的直径为变径结构，进油端的直径小，出油端的直径大，使得从喷油通道4喷淋出的冷却介质呈扇形状态喷淋出。
该喷油通道4的截面形状可以是圆形，也可以是方形，或者是椭圆形，或者是菱形，或者是其他形状，根据实际需求进行选择设置，这里不做具体要求。
在本实施例中，喷油通道4与定子铁芯2的轴线相交设置，具有一夹角α,夹角α满足以下关系式：
0<α<arctan(L/H)
其中，L为定子端部绕组6的长度，H为喷油通道4的进油口至定子端部绕组6的距离，根据L和H的大小进行夹角α的选择。
一种电机，包括如上述的油冷电机散热结构。
该电机在工作时，冷却介质从机壳1上部的进油口7进入冷却介质流通腔体5内，并在该腔体内沿着定子铁芯2的外表面流通，并在流动的过程中，从定子铁芯2的两端的喷油部件3的喷油通道4喷出，直接喷淋至定子端部绕组6上，冷却介质在重力的作用下流经定子绕组的内表面，并在机壳1的下半部的内部空间汇聚，从机壳1下半部分的出油口8流出；冷却介质从喷油通道4喷出时，由于喷油通道4为变径结构，使得冷却介质呈扇形状态喷出，增大冷却介质的喷淋面积，增大散热面积；冷却介质进入冷却介质流通腔体5内后，由于喷油通道4的宽度较小，此处会有油阻，在油阻的作用下冷却介质会充满冷却介质流通空间中，所有的表面都能与冷却介质接触起到散热的效果；冷却介质在冷却介质流通腔体5内流通时，在散热件11的阻挡作用下，冷却介质由层流状态变为湍流状态，分离再混合，提高冷却介质的流动速度，提高电机的散热性能。
由于采用上述技术方案，具有喷油部件，在喷油部件上设置有多个喷油通道，多个喷油通道沿着定子铁芯的周向方向设置，喷油部件的外径端与电机的机壳内表面接触，且喷油部件安装在定子铁芯的两端，以使得两个喷油部件、定子铁心外表面与机壳构造出一个冷却介质流通腔体，并与该冷却介质流通腔体相对应的机壳部分设置有进油口，喷油通道倾斜设置，指向定子端部绕组，且喷油通道的进油端的宽度小于出油端的宽度，使得冷却介质呈扇形状态喷出，或，沿着喷油通道的进油端至出油端方向，喷油通道的宽度相同，使得冷却介质呈柱形状态喷出，更大面积的喷淋至定子端部绕组上，省却了油管及油管连接件，结构简单，简化安装工艺，提高散热效率；喷油通道由多个喷油孔构成，喷油孔的宽度不同，每一个喷油孔至定子铁芯的轴线的距离不相同，以使得喷油通道为阶梯式通道，增大冷却介质的流动速度；定子铁芯散热与端部绕线散热采用串联油路连接，每个部分使用最大流量的冷却介质对其散热，冷却介质的利用率更大；冷却介质进入冷却介质流动腔 体内部，由于阶梯型喷油通道的宽度较小，此处会有油阻，在油阻的作用下冷却介质会充满冷却介质流动腔体的空间中，所有的表面都能与油液接触起到散热的效果；在定子铁芯的外表面设有散热件，能够将冷却介质的层流状态变为湍流状态，增大定子铁芯中部的散热面积，增大油液的流动速度，提高电机的散热性能。
以上对本发明的实施例进行了详细说明，但所述内容仅为本发明的较佳实施例，不能被认为用于限定本发明的实施范围。凡依本发明申请范围所作的均等变化与改进等，均应仍归属于本发明的专利涵盖范围之内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种油冷电机散热结构，其特征在于：包括，
    喷油部件，所述喷油部件设于定子铁芯的两端，所述喷油部件的外径不小于所述定子铁芯的外径，且所述喷油部件与机壳接触，以使得所述定子铁芯的外表面、所述机壳与所述喷油部件构造出冷却介质流通腔体，以便于冷却介质在所述冷却介质流通腔体内沿着所述定子铁芯外表面流动；
    所述喷油部件设有喷油通道，所述喷油通道的一端与所述冷却介质流通腔体连通，另一端与电机内部腔体连通，所述喷油通道由所述喷油部件的端面向定子端部绕组方向倾斜设置，以使得冷却介质从所述冷却介质流通腔体沿着所述喷油通道喷淋至所述定子端部绕组上；
    所述喷油通道包括多个喷油孔，所述多个喷油孔沿着所述喷油部件的面向所述定子铁芯的一侧面至另一侧面依次设置，相邻所述喷油孔的轴线之间具有距离，以使得所述多个喷油孔呈倾斜方向设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的油冷电机散热结构，其特征在于：所述相邻喷油孔的轴线之间的距离大于零，使得所述喷油通道为阶梯状内壁的孔结构。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的油冷电机散热结构，其特征在于：所述多个喷油孔的轴线均相互平行，所述多个喷油孔的轴线与所述定子铁芯的轴线的距离依次减小。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的油冷电机散热结构，其特征在于：沿着所述喷油通道的进油端至出油端方向，所述多个喷油孔的沿着所述定子铁芯的周向方向的宽度逐渐增大。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的油冷电机散热结构，其特征在于：沿着所述喷油通道的进油端至出油端方向，所述多个喷油孔的沿着所述定子铁芯的周向方向的宽度相同。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的油冷电机散热结构，其特征在于：所述喷 油孔的形状为圆形、方形、椭圆形或菱形。
  7. 根据权利要求2-6任一项所述的油冷电机散热结构，其特征在于：所述喷油通道还包括第一喷油孔，所述第一喷油孔设于所述多个喷油孔的任一端，或，所述第一喷油孔设于所述多个喷油孔的两端。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的油冷电机散热结构，其特征在于：沿着所述定子铁芯的轴线方向，所述第一喷油孔的长度大于所述多个喷油孔中的任一喷油孔的长度。
  9. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的油冷电机散热结构，其特征在于：所述喷油通道与所述定子铁芯的轴线相交设置，具有一夹角α,夹角α满足以下关系式：
    0<α<arctan(L/H)
    其中，L为所述定子端部绕组的长度，H为所述喷油通道的出油口至所述定子端部绕组的距离。
  10. 根据权利要求2-6和8任一项所述的油冷电机散热结构，其特征在于：所述喷油部件包括多个至少一种类型的硅钢片，多个所述硅钢片均与所述定子铁芯同轴设置；所述硅钢片为环形结构，所述硅钢片的靠近内径端侧沿着周向方向设有多个定子槽，所述多个定子槽与所述定子铁芯的槽一一对应，以便于定子绕组的设置。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的油冷电机散热结构，其特征在于：每一个所述硅钢片的靠近外径端的一侧均设置有多个所述喷油孔，多个所述喷油孔沿着所述硅钢片的周向设置，且多个所述喷油孔至少被设置于所述硅钢片的设置于电机内时的上半部分；
    所述多个喷油孔沿着所述硅钢片的径向方向至少呈一排设置；
    不同的所述硅钢片上的所述喷油孔至所述定子铁芯的轴线的距离不相同，每一个所述硅钢片上的每一排中的多个所述喷油孔至所述定子铁芯的轴 线的距离相同，多个所述硅钢片上的喷油孔的位置均一一对应，构造出所述喷油通道结构。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的油冷电机散热结构，其特征在于：每一个所述硅钢片的靠近外径端的一侧均设置有多组喷油孔，所述多组喷油孔沿着所述硅钢片的周向设置，且所述多组喷油孔至少被设置于所述硅钢片的设置于电机内时的上半部分；
    所述多组喷油孔沿着所述硅钢片的径向方向至少呈一排设置；
    每一组喷油孔中，多个喷油孔至所述定子铁芯的轴线的距离依次增大或依次减小，每一个所述喷油孔与一个所述定子槽相对应；
    多个所述硅片在安装时，以第一个所述硅钢片为基础，第N个所述硅钢片相对第一个所述硅钢片旋转(N-1)x(M+1)个所述定子槽角度依次进行设置，构造出所述喷油通道结构,其中，M为相邻两个所述喷油孔之前的定子槽的数量。
  13. 根据权利要求1-6、8和11-12任一项所述的油冷电机散热结构，其特征在于：所述定子铁芯的外表面设有多个散热件，所述多个散热件沿着所述定子铁芯的周向设置。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的油冷电机散热结构，其特征在于：所述多个散热件被设置为多组，多组所述散热件沿着所述定子铁芯周向依次设置；每一组所述散热件均包括第一阻挡杆、第二阻挡杆和第三阻挡杆，所述第一阻挡杆、所述第二阻挡杆与所述第三阻挡杆均沿着所述定子铁芯的轴线方向设置，且所述第一阻挡杆与所述第二阻挡杆设于同一直线上，所述第一阻挡杆与所述第二阻挡杆之间具有间隙，所述第三阻挡杆设于所述第一阻挡杆的任一侧，且所述第三阻挡杆与所述第一阻挡杆与所述第二阻挡杆之间的间隙位置相对应；
    或，所述散热件的长度小于所述定子铁芯的长度，且多个所述散热件呈 S型设置；
    或，所述多个散热件被设置为多组，多组所述散热件沿着所述定子铁芯轴线方向依次设置；每一组所述散热件沿着所述定子铁芯的周向方向设置，且每一个散热件与所述定子铁芯的轴线相交设置，相邻两组中的所述散热件交错设置；沿着所述定子铁芯的轴线方向，所述定子铁芯的外表面被设置为多个散热区，每一个所述散热区内设置有多组所述散热件，所述散热区的两侧的两组内的所述散热件的倾斜方向相一致，除去两侧的两组的其余组内的所述散热件的倾斜方向相一致，且所述其余组内的所述散热件的倾斜方向与所述两侧的两组内的所述散热件的倾斜方向对称设置；
    或，所述多个散热件被设置为多组，多组所述散热件沿着所述定子铁芯轴线方向依次设置；每一组所述散热件沿着所述定子铁芯的周向方向设置，且每一个散热件与所述定子铁芯的轴线相交设置，相邻两组中的所述散热件交错设置，且相邻两组中的所述散热件的倾斜方向对称设置；
    或，所述多个散热件被设置为多组，多组所述散热件沿着所述定子铁芯轴线方向依次设置；每一组所述散热件沿着所述定子铁芯的周向方向设置，所述散热件包括第一阻挡件和第二阻挡件，所述第一阻挡件与所述第二阻挡件连接，且所述第一阻挡件与所述第二阻挡件均沿着所述定子铁芯的周向方向设置，所述第一阻挡件与所述第二阻挡件呈阶梯设置，所述相邻两组中的所述散热件交错设置，且相邻两组中的所述散热件对称设置。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的油冷电机散热结构，其特征在于：所述喷油通道的数量为多个，被设置为所述喷油部件至少位于所述电机内部时的上半部分，多个所述喷油通道沿着所述喷油部件的周向依次设置。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的油冷电机散热结构，其特征在于：所述喷油部件为环形结构，且所述喷油部件设于所述定子铁芯的靠近外径侧的端部；所述相邻喷油孔的轴线之间的距离等于零，使得所述喷油通道为内壁光 滑的孔结构。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的油冷电机散热结构，其特征在于：所述喷油通道与所述定子铁芯的轴线相交设置，具有一夹角α,夹角α满足以下关系式：
    0<α<arctan(L/H)
    其中，L为所述定子端部绕组的长度，H为所述喷油通道的进油口至所述定子端部绕组的距离。
  18. 一种电机，其特征在于：包括如权利要求1-17任一项所述的油冷电机散热结构。
PCT/CN2021/127638 2021-10-08 2021-10-29 一种油冷电机散热结构及电机 WO2023056674A1 (zh)

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