WO2021248977A1 - 一种集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子及电机 - Google Patents

一种集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子及电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021248977A1
WO2021248977A1 PCT/CN2021/082826 CN2021082826W WO2021248977A1 WO 2021248977 A1 WO2021248977 A1 WO 2021248977A1 CN 2021082826 W CN2021082826 W CN 2021082826W WO 2021248977 A1 WO2021248977 A1 WO 2021248977A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cooling medium
stator
stator winding
axial
oil
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/082826
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘延海
陈旭文
李广举
张冬亮
Original Assignee
天津松正汽车部件有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 天津松正汽车部件有限公司 filed Critical 天津松正汽车部件有限公司
Priority to EP21821636.4A priority Critical patent/EP4044404A4/en
Publication of WO2021248977A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021248977A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/24—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors with channels or ducts for cooling medium between the conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/20—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
    • H02K3/52—Fastening salient pole windings or connections thereto
    • H02K3/521—Fastening salient pole windings or connections thereto applicable to stators only
    • H02K3/522—Fastening salient pole windings or connections thereto applicable to stators only for generally annular cores with salient poles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and in particular relates to a concentrated winding axial cooling motor stator and motor.
  • the main heating component is the stator coil of the motor, which generates a rotating magnetic field when the alternating current passes, and interacts with the magnetic field of the rotor to generate electromagnetic torque, so that the motor rotates.
  • the stator coil When the current passes through the stator coil, there will be energy loss under the action of resistance, which is mainly converted into heat. Therefore, how to better control the temperature rise of the stator coil is very important.
  • the heat dissipation of similar oil-cooled motors mainly adopts the oil cooling at the end of the stator and the middle of the stator core, and the rotor throws oil to the ends of the stator. Similar solutions are more suitable for distributed winding stators.
  • the concentrated winding stators have shorter ends and end structures. It is relatively scattered and has large gaps. This method has limitations for its heat dissipation.
  • the present invention provides a concentrated winding axial cooling motor stator and motor to solve the above or other former problems existing in the prior art.
  • a concentrated winding axially cooled motor stator which is arranged on the housing and includes a stator core and a stator winding.
  • the stator winding is arranged on the stator core and includes a barrier.
  • the blocking member is arranged on the stator iron core, and the blocking member is in contact with the stator winding to block the slot of the stator iron core;
  • the axial oil supply device is arranged at any end of the stator core, or the axial oil supply device is connected to the housing, and the position of the axial oil supply device corresponds to either end of the stator core;
  • the side of the axial fuel supply device close to the stator winding is provided with an oil injection hole.
  • the axis of the injection hole and the axis of the stator winding obliquely intersect, so that the outflow line of the cooling medium is inclined, from the injection hole to the axis of the stator winding
  • One end of the stator winding is extended and sprayed onto the blocking member and/or the stator winding, so that the cooling medium flows along the axial inner surface of the stator winding to the two ends of the stator winding.
  • the blocking piece and the coils of the two adjacent sets of stator windings located in the slots of the stator core are constructed to form a cooling medium circulation cavity, the oil injection hole corresponds to the cooling medium circulation cavity, and the blocking piece pair flows out from the oil injection hole The cooling medium is blocked to guide the flow line of the cooling medium, so that the cooling medium flows along the axial inner surface of the stator winding to the two ends of the stator winding.
  • the axis of the fuel injection hole extends obliquely from the fuel injection hole to the end away from the stator winding where the axial fuel supply device is provided.
  • each cooling medium circulation cavity corresponds to the position of at least one fuel injection hole
  • a plurality of oil injection holes are arranged as: adjacent oil injection holes are arranged with a cooling medium circulation cavity;
  • a plurality of fuel injection holes are arranged such that part of the fuel injection holes corresponds to a part of the cooling medium circulation cavity, and in another part of the fuel injection holes, adjacent fuel injection holes are arranged with a cooling medium circulation cavity to make the stator winding Each coil is sprayed with cooling medium.
  • the axial oil supply device also includes:
  • the oil pipe body is provided with a cavity inside the oil pipe body, and the oil injection hole is connected with the inner cavity of the oil pipe body to facilitate the flow of the cooling medium;
  • the oil inlet is connected with the oil pipe body, and the oil inlet is communicated with the internal cavity of the oil pipe body, so that the cooling medium can enter the inside of the oil pipe body.
  • cross-sectional shape of the oil pipe body is circular or polygonal.
  • the oil pipe body has an annular structure, or there are multiple oil pipe bodies, and the multiple oil pipe bodies are arranged in a ring shape with the axis of the stator winding as the center.
  • the blocking member has a flow guide portion, which is arranged opposite to the oil injection hole, and is used to change the flow direction of the cooling medium.
  • the blocking member is a slot wedge or a skeleton or insulating paper.
  • a concentrated winding motor includes the above-mentioned concentrated winding axial cooling motor stator.
  • the structure of the concentrated winding axial cooling motor stator is simple and convenient to use. It has an axial oil supply device.
  • the axial oil supply device is located at the outlet or non-outlet end of the motor stator, and is carried out from one end of the motor stator.
  • the blocking element has a flow guide, which divides the cooling medium and changes the flow direction of the cooling medium, so that the cooling medium is divided into two parts, sprayed on the axial inner surface of the concentrated winding stator coil, and along the axial direction of the coil
  • the inner surface flows to the two ends of the stator winding and flows out from both ends, which increases the heat exchange contact area between the cooling medium and the winding, and improves the heat dissipation capacity.
  • the cooling medium flows through the entire axial inner surface of the coil, which solves the problem of concentrated winding coils. The problem of excessive temperature rise in the middle and excessive temperature difference between the two ends has increased the power density;
  • the inclination angle of the axis of the oil injection hole is different, the flow rate of the cooling medium flowing to the two ends is different, and the different oil outlet angle can adjust the flow distribution of the axial flow to the two ends, so that the axial oil supply device can perform different types of stator windings. Cooling, wide application range;
  • the axial oil supply device has an oil pipe body with an internal cavity, and a side of the oil pipe body facing the stator winding is provided with a plurality of oil injection holes, the oil pipe body is arranged around the circumference of the stator winding, and the oil pipe body is installed on the stator
  • the yoke space at either end makes full use of the stator yoke and is fixed on the housing together with the stator to improve the space utilization; or, install the axial oil supply device on the housing, or integrate the axial oil supply device On the housing, when the motor stator is installed, the axial oil supply device corresponds to the position of the stator yoke, making full use of the internal space of the housing and improving the space utilization rate of the housing;
  • gearbox lubricating oil flows out of the gearbox and enters the axial oil supply device to cool the motor stator, making the gearbox body oil circuit design simpler, requiring less space, and easier to achieve .
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of an axial oil supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is another structural schematic diagram of an axial oil supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an axial oil supply device installed on the outlet end of a stator according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the axial oil supply device installed on the non-outgoing end of the stator according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of the axial oil supply device installed on the housing and matched with the stator end installation position according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a stator with an axial oil supply device installed in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the axial flow of the cooling medium when the axial oil supply device of an embodiment of the present invention is arranged at the outlet end of the stator winding coil;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the axial flow of the cooling medium when the axial oil supply device of an embodiment of the present invention is arranged at the non-outgoing end of the stator winding coil;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an axial flow of cooling medium when the axial oil supply device of an embodiment of the present invention is arranged on the housing and corresponds to the non-outgoing end of the stator winding coil;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of another axial flow of cooling medium when the axial oil supply device of an embodiment of the present invention is arranged on the housing and corresponds to the non-outgoing end of the stator winding coil;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an axial flow of cooling medium when the axial oil supply device of an embodiment of the present invention is arranged on the housing and corresponds to the outlet end of the stator winding coil;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of another axial flow of cooling medium when the axial oil supply device of an embodiment of the present invention is arranged on the housing and corresponds to the outlet end of the stator winding coil;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the end flow of the cooling medium according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a slot wedge according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the end structure of a slot wedge according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a skeleton of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the corresponding relationship between an oil injection hole and a cooling medium circulation cavity according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of the corresponding relationship between another fuel injection hole and a cooling medium circulation cavity according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 19 is a simulation diagram of a cooling scheme of the present invention using an axial spray gap of a cooling medium
  • Fig. 20 is a simulation diagram of a cooling scheme of radial spraying of the stator end and the iron core in the prior art.
  • Axial oil supply device 2. Stator winding 3. Slot wedges
  • Figure 1 shows the structure of an embodiment of the present invention, which specifically shows the structure and connection relationship of this embodiment.
  • the oil supply device is arranged to cool the stator of the concentrated winding axially cooling motor.
  • the cooling medium is directly sprayed on the axial inner surface of the concentrated winding stator coil, and the cooling medium flows along the inner surface of the stator coil to the two sides of the stator winding.
  • End flow flow out from both ends, increase the heat exchange contact area between the cooling medium and the winding, improve the heat dissipation capacity, solve the problem of excessive temperature rise in the middle of the concentrated winding coil and excessive temperature difference between the two ends, and increase the power density; at the same time, the shaft
  • the oil supply device is installed on the yoke at either end of the stator core, or installed on the housing and matched with the outlet or non-outgoing end of the stator winding to improve the space utilization of the hybrid box and the single motor housing Rate.
  • a concentrated winding axially cooled motor stator as shown in Figure 3 to Figure 6, is set on the housing.
  • the housing can be a hybrid box, or a single motor housing, or other boxes, according to Set up according to actual needs;
  • the concentrated winding axial cooling motor stator includes a stator core 4 and a stator winding 2.
  • the stator winding 2 is arranged on the stator core 4 to form an electromagnetic circuit to generate a rotating magnetic field.
  • the stator winding 2 adopts centralized wiring;
  • the stopper is arranged on the stator core 4, and the stopper is in contact with the stator winding 2 to fix the stator winding 2 and block the slot of the stator core 4.
  • the stator winding coils on both sides are configured as a cooling medium circulation cavity, so that the cooling medium flowing from the axial oil supply device 1 is convenient for the cooling medium to be sprayed to the axial inner surface of the stator winding coil.
  • the cooling medium circulation cavity is formed by The space formed by the barriers and the slots of the stator winding coils located on the two side walls of the slots of the stator core to facilitate the flow of the cooling medium;
  • the stopper is a slot wedge 3 or a skeleton 8 or insulating paper.
  • the slot wedge 3 is provided with the slot of the stator core 4, and contacts the stator winding 2 to perform the stator winding 2 It is fixed to prevent the stator winding 2 from coming out of the slot of the stator core 4;
  • the blocking member is a skeleton 8
  • the skeleton 8 is arranged on the teeth of the stator core 4, and it is sleeved on the stator core 4 and contacts with the stator winding 2.
  • the blocking member is insulating paper, and the insulating paper is arranged on the inner wall of the slot of the stator core 4 and is opposed to the stator core 4.
  • the slot of the slot is blocked to contact the stator winding 2 to prevent the stator winding 2 from coming out of the slot of the stator core 4; or other structures, which can be selected according to actual needs, and no specific requirements are made here.
  • the axial oil supply device 1 is arranged at any end of the stator core 4, or the axial oil supply device 1 is connected to the housing, and the position of the axial oil supply device 1 corresponds to any end of the stator core 4; And, the side of the axial fuel supply device 1 close to the stator winding 2 is provided with an oil injection hole 102, the injection hole 102 corresponds to the cooling medium circulation cavity, and the blocking member blocks the cooling medium flowing out of the oil injection hole 102, The flow path of the cooling medium is guided so that the cooling medium flows along the axial inner surface of the stator winding 2 to both ends of the stator winding 2.
  • the cooling medium flowing out of the axial oil supply device 1 flows in the cooling medium circulation cavity and sprays
  • the cooling medium sprayed on the barrier and/or the coil of the stator winding 2 flows along the axial inner surface of the stator winding coil, and the cooling medium sprayed on the barrier is blocked.
  • the part blocks the cooling medium and changes the direction of the flow line of the cooling medium, turning the cooling medium into two parts.
  • the two parts of the cooling medium flow along the axial inner surface of the stator winding coil, and a part of the cooling medium flows to one end of the stator winding 2.
  • the axial oil supply device 1 is provided at either end of the stator core 4, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5, that is, the axial oil supply device 1 is connected to the stator core 4 and is installed at The outlet end 6 of the stator winding 2, or the axial oil supply device 1 is connected to the stator core 4, and is arranged at the non-outgoing end 7 of the stator winding 2, and the axial oil supply device 1 is installed on the yoke of the stator core 4 Space, and the yoke space on both sides of the stator core 4 can be installed, so that the yoke space of the stator core 4 is fully utilized, the oil circuit cross-sectional area is increased, and the space occupation of the equivalent shell is reduced, and the axial
  • the oil supply device 1 is fixedly connected with the stator core 4, which improves the space utilization rate of the housing and reduces the complexity of the design of the housing.
  • the oil pipe body 100 of the axial oil supply device 1 is provided with a connecting portion 103, and the connecting portion 103 is provided with a mounting hole.
  • the oil supply device 1 is fixedly installed in the yoke space at either end of the stator core 4, and at the same time, the motor stator is fixedly installed in the housing through the fixing bolt 5.
  • the axial oil supply device 1 is fixedly installed on the outlet end of the stator core 4.
  • the axial oil supply device 1 is arranged around the circumference of the outlet end of the stator winding 2, and the axis of the oil injection hole 102 is inclined. Intersect the axis of the stator winding 2;
  • the axial oil supply device 1 is fixedly installed on the non-outgoing end of the stator core 4, and the axial oil supply device 1 is arranged around the circumference of the non-outgoing end of the stator winding 2.
  • the axis of the oil injection hole 102 is inclined Set to intersect the axis of the stator winding 2;
  • the cooling medium is sprayed obliquely from the oil injection hole 102 and sputtered onto the barrier and/or the coils of the stator winding 2.
  • the cooling medium sprayed onto the coils of the stator winding 2 runs along the stator windings.
  • the axial inner surface of the coil flows and sprays the cooling medium on the blocking member.
  • the blocking member blocks the cooling medium sprayed from the injection hole 102, changes the flow direction of the cooling medium, and guides the flow line of the cooling medium.
  • the cooling medium is divided into two parts, and both parts of the cooling medium are sprayed onto the stator winding 2 coils, so that the cooling medium flows along the axial inner surface of the stator winding 2 coils, and a part of the cooling medium flows toward one end of the stator winding 2.
  • the other part of the cooling medium flows toward the other end of the stator winding 2 and flows out from both ends of the stator winding 2, which increases the contact area of the heat exchange between the cooling medium and the stator winding 2 and improves the heat dissipation efficiency.
  • the axial oil supply device 1 is connected to the housing, and the position of the axial oil supply device 1 corresponds to either end of the stator core 4, that is, the axial oil supply device 1 is fixedly installed on On the housing, or the axial oil supply device 1 is integrated with the housing.
  • the position of the axial oil supply device 1 corresponds to the position of the outlet end 6 or the non-outlet end 7 of the motor stator.
  • the axial oil supply device 1 is arranged around the circumferential side of the stator winding 2 and is in contact with the end surface of the stator winding 2 or at a certain distance from the end surface of the stator winding 2. It can be set according to actual needs.
  • the oil device 1 sprays the cooling medium on the coils of the stator winding 2.
  • the axial oil supply device 1 can be connected to the housing by fixing bolts 5 and other connecting parts, or the inside of the housing is formed into an axial oil supply device 1 through integral molding.
  • the axial oil supply device 1 The device 1 cooperates so that the axial oil supply device 1 is arranged around the circumference of the stator winding 2 to spray the cooling medium on the outlet end 6 or the non-outgoing end 7 of the stator winding 2 to cool the stator winding 2.
  • the axial oil supply device 1 is fixedly connected to the housing, and the axial oil supply device 1 corresponds to the non-outgoing end of the stator core 4, and the axial oil supply device 1 is connected to the non-outgoing end of the stator winding 2.
  • the side of the axial fuel supply device 1 with the injection hole 102 is approximately parallel to the end surface of the non-outgoing end of the stator winding 2, and the axis of the injection hole 102 obliquely intersects the end surface of the non-outgoing end of the stator winding 2. set up;
  • the axial oil supply device 1 is fixedly connected to the housing, and the axial oil supply device 1 corresponds to the non-outgoing end of the stator core 4, and the axial oil supply device 1 and the non-outgoing end of the stator winding 2
  • the side of the axial fuel supply device 1 with the injection hole 102 corresponds to the side of the non-outgoing end of the stator winding 2.
  • the axis of the injection hole 102 and the side of the non-outgoing end of the stator winding 2 obliquely intersect. ;
  • the axial oil supply device 1 is fixedly connected to the housing, and the axial oil supply device 1 corresponds to the outlet end of the stator core 4.
  • the axial oil supply device 1 and the outlet end of the stator winding 2 have At a certain distance, the side of the axial fuel supply device 1 provided with the fuel injection hole 102 is substantially parallel to the end surface of the outlet end of the stator winding 2, and the axis of the fuel injection hole 102 is obliquely intersected with the end face of the outlet end of the stator winding 2;
  • the axial oil supply device 1 is fixedly connected to the housing, and the axial oil supply device 1 corresponds to the outlet end of the stator core 4.
  • the axial oil supply device 1 and the outlet end of the stator winding 2 have At a certain distance, the side of the axial fuel supply device 1 provided with the fuel injection hole 102 corresponds to the side of the outlet end of the stator winding 2, and the axis of the fuel injection hole 102 and the side of the outlet end of the stator winding 2 are arranged to intersect obliquely;
  • the cooling medium is sprayed obliquely from the oil injection hole 102 and sputtered onto the barrier and/or the coils of the stator winding 2.
  • the cooling medium sprayed on the coils of the stator winding 2 runs along the stator windings.
  • the axial inner surface of the coil flows and sprays the cooling medium on the blocking member.
  • the blocking member blocks the cooling medium sprayed from the injection hole 102, changes the flow direction of the cooling medium, and guides the flow line of the cooling medium.
  • the cooling medium is divided into two parts, and both parts of the cooling medium are sprayed onto the stator winding 2 coils, so that the cooling medium flows along the axial inner surface of the stator winding 2 coils, and a part of the cooling medium flows toward one end of the stator winding 2.
  • the other part of the cooling medium flows toward the other end of the stator winding 2 and flows out from both ends of the stator winding 2, which increases the contact area of the heat exchange between the cooling medium and the stator winding 2 and improves the heat dissipation efficiency.
  • the axial oil supply device 1 is located at the outlet end 6 or the non-outgoing end 7 of the motor stator, and cools the axial inner surface of the coil of the stator winding 2 at this end.
  • the cooling medium flows along the axial inner surface of the coil of the stator winding 2 and flows toward the two ends of the stator winding 2 coil, and flows out from both ends, which increases the heat exchange between the cooling medium and the stator winding 2
  • the contact area improves the heat dissipation efficiency.
  • the cooling medium flows along the axial inner surface of the stator winding 2 coil, and flows toward the two ends of the stator winding 2 coil, flows out from both ends, and flows through the entire axis of the stator winding 2 coil To the inner surface, the problem of excessive temperature rise in the middle of the coil of the stator winding 2 and excessive temperature difference between the two ends is solved, and the power density is improved.
  • the stopper is connected to the stator core 4 and is arranged in the slot of the stator core 4, and the stopper is in contact with the stator winding 2 to fix the stator winding 2 and seal the slot of the stator core 4 Blocking prevents the coils of the stator winding 2 from coming out of the slots of the stator core 4.
  • the fuel injection hole 102 of the axial fuel supply device 1 corresponds to the slot of the stator core 4, and the fuel injection hole 102 of the axial fuel supply device 1 corresponds to the cooling medium circulation cavity in the slot of the stator core 4, After the cooling medium flows out from the oil injection hole 102, it flows in the cooling medium circulation cavity and is sprayed onto the blocking member.
  • the blocking member blocks the cooling medium sprayed from the oil injection hole 102 and changes the flow direction of the cooling medium.
  • the flow path of the cooling medium is guided to divide the cooling medium into two parts. Both parts of the cooling medium are sprayed onto the coils of the stator winding 2 so that the cooling medium flows along the axial inner surface of the stator winding 2 coils, and a part of the cooling medium is It flows toward one end of the stator winding 2, and the other part of the cooling medium flows toward the other end of the stator winding 2, and flows out from both ends of the stator winding 2, which increases the contact area of the heat exchange between the cooling medium and the stator winding 2, and improves the heat dissipation efficiency. .
  • the above-mentioned axial oil supply device 1, as shown in FIG. 1, is used for the flow of cooling medium, so that the cooling medium enters the inside of the concentrated winding axial cooling motor stator through the axial oil supply device 1, and is sprayed under the action of the blocking member.
  • the tubing body 100 is provided with a cavity inside the tubing body 100 to facilitate the flow of the cooling medium.
  • the cooling medium flows in the inner cavity of the tubing body 100.
  • the cooling medium flows to each coil position of the stator winding 2.
  • the cooling medium affects the stator winding 2 Each coil is cooled;
  • the oil inlet 101, the oil inlet 101 is connected with the oil pipe body 100, and the oil inlet 101 is connected with the internal cavity of the oil pipe body 100, so that the cooling medium enters the oil pipe body 100, and the cooling medium enters the oil pipe body 100 from the oil inlet 101 Flow inside the internal cavity of the tubing body 100;
  • the fuel injection hole 102 is provided on the side of the axial fuel supply device 1 close to the stator winding 2, that is, the fuel injection hole 102 is provided on the side of the fuel pipe body 100 close to the coil surface of the stator winding 2, and the fuel injection hole 102 is connected with the internal cavity of the oil pipe body 100 to facilitate the cooling medium to flow out.
  • the number of injection holes 102 is multiple, so that the cooling medium sprays and cools the various coils of the stator winding 2 from different positions and different directions;
  • the axis of the hole 102 intersects with the axis of the stator winding 2 obliquely, so that the outflow line of the cooling medium is in an inclined state, extending from the oil injection hole 102 to one end of the axis of the stator winding 2, and spraying to the barrier and/or the stator winding 2
  • the cooling medium flows along the axial inner surface of the stator winding 2 to the two ends of the stator winding 2.
  • the axis of the stator winding 2 and the axis of the oil pipe body 100 are arranged coaxially, that is, the axis of the oil injection hole 102 and the oil pipe body
  • the axes of 100 are arranged obliquely and intersectingly, so that the outflow line of the cooling medium is inclined, extending from the injection hole 102 to one end of the axis of the oil pipe body 100, and the cooling medium flowing out of the oil injection hole 102 is obliquely ejected from the oil pipe body 100.
  • the cooling medium sprayed on the barrier and/or the coil of the stator winding 2 flows along the axial inner surface of the stator winding coil, and the cooling medium sprayed on the barrier is blocked.
  • the cooling medium changes the flow direction of the cooling medium and divides the cooling medium into two parts, so that the two parts of the cooling medium are sprayed on the axial inner surface of the stator winding 2 coil, the cooling medium flows along the inner surface of the stator winding 2 coil, and a part of the cooling medium faces One end of the stator winding 2 flows, and the other part of the cooling medium flows toward the other end of the stator winding 2 so that the cooling medium flows through the entire axial inner surface of the stator winding 2 coil to cool the stator winding 2 coil.
  • the axis of the fuel injection hole 102 is inclined from the fuel injection hole 102 to the direction away from the end of the stator winding 2 where the axial fuel supply device 1 is provided.
  • the axis of the fuel injection hole 102 is inclined.
  • the axis of the injection hole 102 is inclined from the injection hole 102 Extend to one end of the stator winding 2, and the stator winding end is away from the end where the axial fuel supply device 1 is provided.
  • the fuel injection hole 102 The inclined direction of the axis is extending from the fuel injection hole 102 to the non-outgoing end 7 of the stator winding 2.
  • each cooling medium circulation cavity corresponds to the position of at least one fuel injection hole 102, so that the cooling medium flowing out of the fuel injection hole 102 is sprayed onto the blocking member, that is, ,
  • Each stator core 4 has a cooling medium circulation cavity in the slot, and each cooling medium circulation cavity corresponds to at least one oil injection hole 102, that is, each cooling medium circulation cavity can be connected to an oil injection hole 102.
  • the holes 102 correspond, or, each cooling medium circulation cavity may correspond to two or more oil injection holes 102, which can be set according to actual needs.
  • the multiple oil injection holes 102 are arranged such that adjacent oil injection holes 102 are arranged with a cooling medium circulation cavity, and the multiple oil injection holes 102 are arranged with a plurality of cooling medium circulation cavities.
  • There is a cooling medium circulation cavity between adjacent oil injection holes 102 that is, the number of oil injection holes 102 is half of the number of cooling medium circulation cavities.
  • the two cooling medium circulation cavities on both sides of the cooling medium circulation cavity do not correspond to the oil injection hole 102, and there is a cooling medium circulation cavity between the adjacent oil injection holes 102, and the cooling medium circulation cavity does not correspond to the oil injection hole 102.
  • one side of each coil is sprayed with a cooling medium to cool the coil.
  • a plurality of fuel injection holes 102 are arranged such that part of the fuel injection holes 102 corresponds to a part of the cooling medium circulation cavity, and in another part of the fuel injection holes 102, adjacent fuel injection holes 102 are separated from each other.
  • the medium circulation cavity is set, part of the oil injection hole 102 corresponds to a part of the cooling medium circulation cavity, and another part of the oil injection hole 102 is spaced apart from another part of the cooling medium circulation cavity, that is, part of the oil injection hole 102 and part of the cooling medium
  • the circulation cavities correspond one by one, and each injection hole 102 corresponds to a cooling medium circulation cavity; the number of the other part of the injection hole 102 is less than half of the number of the other part of the cooling medium circulation cavity, in this part of the injection hole 102
  • the two cooling medium circulation cavities on both sides of the cooling medium circulation cavity do not correspond to the oil injection holes 102.
  • the setting method of the fuel injection hole 102 is selected according to the actual oil quantity in the oil circuit, and no specific requirements are made here.
  • each cooling medium circulation cavity and an oil injection hole 102 corresponds to a slot of the stator iron core 4, and the distance between adjacent fuel injection holes 102 is consistent with the distance between two adjacent slots of the stator iron core 4, so as to facilitate the fuel injection holes 102 corresponds to the cooling medium circulation cavity, and a plurality of oil injection holes 102 are arranged at equal intervals, that is, the oil injection holes 102 are located on the side of the oil pipe body 100 facing the stator winding 2, so that the cooling medium is directly sprayed from the oil pipe body 100 Spray on the coils of the stator winding 2, the number of injection holes 102 is the same as the number of slots in the stator core 4, and the position of each injection hole 102 corresponds to the slot of each stator core 4, so that The cooling medium flowing from the
  • Each injection hole 102 corresponds to a slot of the stator core 4.
  • each stator core 4 The inside of the slot has two sets of coil slots, and there is a gap between the slot portions of the two coils.
  • the slot portions of the two coils and the barrier constitute a cooling medium circulation cavity, and the oil injection hole 102 and the cooling medium circulation cavity
  • the cooling medium when the cooling medium is sprayed from the injection hole 102, it flows along the cooling medium circulation cavity, and due to the flow pressure of the cooling medium, the cooling medium has a certain length when it is sprayed from the injection hole 102, and it is directly sprayed.
  • the axis of the oil injection hole 102 and the axis of the oil pipe body 100 obliquely intersect each other. Different inclination angles correspond to different cooling medium injection angles of the oil injection hole 102, so as to adjust the axial flow to the stator winding.
  • the flow rate of the cooling medium at both ends of 2 is, the cooling medium sprayed from the injection hole 102 is sprayed obliquely to the inner surface of the stator winding 2, and the cooling medium outflow line 104 has a certain inclination angle and can be sprayed at the same
  • the stopper changes the direction of the flow line of the cooling medium sprayed from each injection hole 102, and divides the cooling medium into two parts, so that the two parts of the cooling medium are sprayed to
  • the stator winding 2 coil the cooling medium flows along the axial inner surface of the coil, one part flows toward one end of the stator winding, and the other part flows toward the other end of the stator winding 2, so that the cooling medium flows through the entire coil of the stator winding 2, increasing The heat exchange contact area cools the stator winding 2.
  • the shape of the fuel injection hole 102 may be a circle, a square, a triangle, a polygon, or other shapes, which can be selected according to actual needs, and no specific requirements are made here.
  • the cooling medium enters the inner cavity of the oil pipe body 100 from the oil inlet 101, flows in the inner cavity of the oil pipe body 100, and flows out from the oil injection hole 102, because the axis of the oil injection hole 102 and the axis of the oil pipe body 100 are inclined to intersect.
  • the cooling medium spraying net is constructed as a cone-shaped cooling medium with the axis of the oil pipe body 100 as the axis.
  • the cooling medium is sprayed on the axial inner surface of the stator winding 2 coil and flows along the axial inner surface of the stator winding 2 coil to the stator winding 2.
  • the above-mentioned oil pipe body 100 has a cavity inside to facilitate the flow of the cooling medium, and in order to achieve cooling of all the stator coils, the oil pipe body 100 is arranged around the circumference of the stator winding 2 , Surround the stator winding 2 in it, so that after the cooling medium is sprayed from the oil pipe body 100, the flow direction is changed by the blocking member and then sprayed onto the axial inner surface of each coil of the stator winding 2.
  • the cooling medium is along the stator winding coil
  • the inner surface flows and flows out from the two ends of the coil, which increases the heat exchange contact area between the cooling medium and the stator winding 2 so that the cooling medium takes away the heat generated by the stator coil as much as possible, thereby realizing the cooling of the stator while avoiding the stator winding. 2
  • the temperature in the middle of the coil is too high, and the temperature difference between the two ends is too large.
  • the oil pipe body 100 may have a ring structure, as shown in FIG.
  • One side of the stator winding 2 is provided with a plurality of fuel injection holes 102, and the axis of the fuel injection hole 102 inclines and the inclination angle is set according to the installation position of the oil pipe body 100.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the tubing body 100 can be round or polygonal, that is, the cross-sectional shape of the tubing body 100 can be a circle, an ellipse, a square, a trapezoid, or other shapes, which can be selected according to actual needs. Make specific requirements.
  • the number of the oil inlet 101 is at least one, which supplies the cooling medium for the oil pipe body 100.
  • the oil inlet 101 can be located at the other side of the oil pipe body 100 away from the injection hole 102.
  • One side, or, the oil inlet 101 is provided on the side of the oil pipe body 100 perpendicular to the side where the fuel injection hole 102 is provided, or other setting methods, which are set according to actual requirements, and no specific requirements are made here.
  • each oil pipe body 100 is provided with a plurality of oil injection holes 102 on one side facing the stator winding 2, and each oil pipe body 100 is provided with at least one oil inlet 101, so as to facilitate uniformity in each oil pipe body 100.
  • the oil injection hole 102 of each oil pipe body 100 sprays the cooling medium to cool the coils of the stator winding 2 from different positions and different angles.
  • the cross-sectional shape of any tubing body 100 is circular or polygonal, that is, the cross-sectional shape of any tubing body 100 can be a circle, an ellipse, a square, a trapezoid, or other shapes.
  • the selection is made according to actual needs, and it is not done here. Specific requirements.
  • the number of the oil pipe body 100 is two, and the two oil pipe bodies 100 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the stator winding 2 and are arranged around the circumference of the stator winding 2.
  • Each oil pipe body 100 is arranged on one side facing the stator winding 2
  • the oil inlets 101 of the two oil pipe bodies 100 are relatively close to each other, so that the oil inlets 101 of the two oil pipe bodies 100 can be the same as the outside.
  • An oil inlet pipe is connected for the input of cooling medium.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the oil pipe body 100 is square, which is easy to adjust the position of the injection hole 102 and the angle of the injection hole 102 (cooling medium outflow line 104), and the injection hole 102 is easy to operate during processing. .
  • the cross-sectional shape of the internal cavity of the tubing body 100 can be the same as the cross-sectional shape of the tubing body 100, or the cross-sectional shape of the internal cavity of the tubing body 100 is different from the cross-sectional shape of the tubing body 100, which can be set according to actual needs. No specific requirements are made here.
  • the above-mentioned stopper has a guide portion 300 which is arranged opposite to the position of the injection hole 102.
  • the cooling medium sprayed obliquely from the injection hole 102 flows in the cooling medium circulation cavity, and sputters on the guide of the stopper.
  • the guide part 300 blocks the cooling medium. As shown in Figs.
  • the flow direction is changed from obliquely intersecting the axial direction of the stator winding 2 to a state approximately parallel to the axis of the stator winding 2.
  • the cooling medium is divided into two parts, and the two parts of the cooling medium are along the axial direction of the stator winding 2 Part of the cooling medium flows toward one end of the stator winding 2 and the other part of the cooling medium flows toward the other end of the stator winding 2.
  • the flow of the cooling medium away from the axial oil supply device 1 is relatively large, so that the cooling medium It can flow through the entire axial inner surface of the stator winding coil; at the same time, the flow guide 300 of the blocking member guides the flow of the cooling medium at the two ends of the stator winding 2 so that the cooling medium is located on the same stator core 4
  • the two ends of the multiple sets of coils in the slot flow and flow out from both ends.
  • the slot wedge 3 has a slot wedge body
  • the slot wedge body has a plate-like structure
  • the guide portion 300 is provided on a side surface of the slot wedge body
  • the two guide portions 300 are protruded on one side surface of the slot wedge body, and the junction of the two guide portions 300 transitions in plane, so that the cross-sectional shape of the structure formed by the two guide portions 300 and the slot wedge body is trapezoidal.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the slot wedge 3 is a trapezoid
  • the guide portion 300 is arranged opposite to the injection hole 102, so that the cooling medium sputtered to the guide portion 300 flows in two directions, so that the flow direction of the cooling medium varies from the stator
  • the state in which the axial direction of the winding 2 intersects obliquely is changed to a state approximately parallel to the axis of the stator winding 2 so that the cooling medium is split at the end of the stator winding 2 close to the axial oil supply device 1 and divided into two parts along the coil
  • One part flows toward one end of the stator winding, and the other part flows toward the other end of the stator winding, flows through the coils of the stator winding 2, and cools the coils of the stator winding 2.
  • the height L of the slot wedge 3 is adapted to the height of the stator winding 2, that is, the height L of the slot wedge 3 is greater than the height of the teeth of the stator core 4. The more cooling medium on the slot wedge 3, the more the amount of cooling medium guided to the ends of both sides of the stator winding 2, and the larger the corresponding heat dissipation contact area.
  • the height L of the slot wedge 3 is selected according to actual needs, and no specific requirements are made here.
  • the width W of the slot wedge 3 is adapted to the width of the slot of the stator core 4. The closer the width W of the slot wedge 3 is to the width of the slot of the stator core 4, the more cooling medium will be collected at the end of the stator winding 2. The larger the dispersion area.
  • the width W of the slot wedge 3 is selected according to actual requirements, and no specific requirements are made here.
  • the frame 8 is sleeved on the teeth of the stator core 4.
  • the two adjacent frame guides 800 block the slots of the stator core 4 to prevent The stator winding 2 comes out of the slot of the stator core 4, and at the same time, the cooling medium sputtered to the frame guide portion 800 flows in two directions, so that the flow direction of the cooling medium is obliquely intersecting with the axial direction of the stator winding 2 Change to a state approximately parallel to the axis of the stator winding 2 so that the cooling medium is divided into two parts at the end of the stator winding 2 close to the axial oil supply device 1, and flows along the axial inner surface of the coil, and one part faces One end of the stator winding 2 flows, and the other part flows toward the other end of the stator winding 2, flows through each coil of the stator winding 2, and cools each coil of the stator winding 2.
  • a concentrated winding motor includes the above-mentioned concentrated winding axial cooling motor stator.
  • the tubing body 100 is made into a ring-shaped structure with a square cross-sectional shape, that is, the tubing body 100 is a ring-shaped tubular structure, and the cross-sectional shape is square, and the cross-sectional shape of the internal cavity is circular, and the tubing body 100 is fixedly installed in The yoke space at one end of the stator core 4 is located at the outlet end 6 of the stator winding 2.
  • a side of the oil pipe body 100 facing the stator winding 2 is provided with a plurality of oil injection holes 102.
  • the axis of the fuel injection hole 102 and the axis of the stator winding 2 obliquely intersect, that is, the cooling medium sprayed from the fuel injection hole 102 is sprayed obliquely toward the non-outgoing end 6 of the stator winding 2.
  • the cooling medium is ejected from the injection hole 102 under pressure, flows in the cooling medium circulation cavity, reaches the slot wedge 3, and contacts the guide portion 300 of the slot wedge 3. Because the guide portion 300 is inclined
  • the number of guide parts 300 is two, the cooling medium is divided, and the direction of the cooling medium outflow line 104 is changed.
  • the axial oil supply device 1 is installed on the yoke of the stator core 4 to make full use of the motor stator yoke space and improve the space utilization rate of the housing.
  • the cooling medium is preferably gearbox lubricating oil. After the gearbox lubricating oil flows out of the gearbox, it enters the axial oil circuit structure to cool the motor stator, so that the gearbox body oil circuit design is simple, the required space is smaller, and it is easy to realize.
  • the cooling medium axial spraying gap is used for cooling and the existing radial spraying of the stator end and the core center for cooling simulation results are compared, as shown in Figure 19 and Figure 20, where the two simulation schemes use the same cooling
  • Axial spray gap the maximum temperature of the stator is 136°C (located in the middle of the stator), and the end winding of the stator is 130°C.
  • the axial oil supply device has an oil pipe body with an internal cavity, and the side of the oil pipe body facing the stator winding is provided with multiple oil injections. Hole, the tubing body is arranged around the circumference of the stator winding, and the tubing body is installed in the yoke space at either end of the motor stator, making full use of the stator yoke and fixing it on the housing together with the stator, which improves the space utilization rate; or , Install the axial oil supply device on the shell, or integrate the axial oil supply device on the shell.
  • the axial oil supply device corresponds to the position of the stator yoke, making full use of the internal space of the shell. Improve the space utilization of the shell; the axial oil supply device is located at the outlet or non-outlet end of the motor stator, and the cooling medium is sprayed from one end of the motor stator, and the axis of the oil injection hole of the axial cooling structure and the stator winding The axis of the cooling medium is arranged obliquely and intersectingly, so that the cooling medium outflow line is obliquely sprayed toward the other end of the motor stator, and after passing through the stator winding coil, it is blocked by the stopper in the stator core slot.
  • the stopper has a flow guide part to divert the cooling medium. Change the flow direction of the cooling medium so that the cooling medium is directly sprayed on the axial inner surface of the concentrated winding stator coil, and flows along the axial inner surface of the coil to the two ends of the stator winding, and flows out from both ends, which improves the cooling
  • the heat exchange contact area between the medium and the winding improves the heat dissipation capacity.
  • the cooling medium flows through the entire axial inner surface of the coil, which solves the problem of excessive temperature rise in the middle of the concentrated winding coil and excessive temperature difference between the two ends, and improves the power density ;
  • the inclination angle of the axis of the fuel injection hole is different, the flow of the cooling medium flowing to the two ends is different.
  • Different oil outlet angles can adjust the flow distribution of the axial flow to the two ends, so that the axial oil supply device can be used for different types of stator windings.
  • the axial oil supply device can be used for different types of stator windings.
  • it has a wide range of applications; using gearbox lubricating oil as the cooling medium, the lubricating oil flows out of the gearbox and enters the axial oil supply device to cool the motor stator, making the gearbox body oil circuit design simpler and more required The space is smaller and easier to implement.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子及电机。上述电机定子包括阻挡件和轴向供油装置，阻挡件与定子绕组接触，对定子铁芯的槽口进行封堵，阻挡件与位于定子铁芯的槽内的相邻两组定子绕组线圈构造成一冷却介质流通腔体；轴向供油装置设于定子铁芯的任一端部，或，轴向供油装置与壳体连接，轴向供油装置的位置与定子铁芯的任一端相对应；轴向供油装置靠近定子绕组的一侧设有喷油孔，喷油孔的轴线与定子绕组的轴线倾斜相交设置，喷淋至阻挡件和/或定子绕组上，使得冷却介质沿着定子绕组轴向内表面向定子绕组两端流动。本发明的有益效果是轴向供油装置位于电机定子的出线端或非出线端，提高了冷却介质与绕组的热交换接触面积，提升了散热能力。

Description

一种集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子及电机
本申请要求于2020年6月09日提交至中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202010518076.9、发明名称为“一种集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子及电机”的专利申请的优先权。
技术领域
本发明属于电机技术领域，尤其是涉及一种集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子及电机。
背景技术
近年来，新能源汽车有了飞速的发展，各大汽车及零部件厂商都在研发满足市场需求的新能源汽车及其配套设施，电机作为核心零部件之一，已开始与变速箱集成或与控制器等集成一体，随着功率密度要求越来越高，不管是作为一个整体还是单电机，其散热问题也变得更加重要，因此，对冷却方式也有了更高的要求。
而在电机工作过程中，主要发热部件为电机定子线圈，其在交变电流通过时产生旋转磁场，与转子的磁场相互作用，产生电磁扭矩，从而电机转动。电流经过定子线圈时在电阻作用下会有能量损失，主要转化为热量，因此，如何更好地控制定子线圈的温升非常重要。目前同类油冷电机散热主要采取定子端部及定子铁芯中部油冷，转子甩油至定子两侧端部方式，类似方案比较适合分布绕组定子，集中绕组定子因端部较短且端部结构比较分散，空隙较大，此方式对其散热有局限性。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本发明提供一种集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子及电机，以解决现有技术存在的以上或者其他前者问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子，设于壳体上，包括定子铁芯和定子绕组，定子绕组设于定子铁芯上，还包括阻挡件和轴向供油装置，其中，
阻挡件设于定子铁芯上，且阻挡件与定子绕组相接触，对定子铁芯的槽口进行封堵；
轴向供油装置设于定子铁芯的任一端部，或，轴向供油装置与壳体连接，且轴向供油装置的位置与定子铁芯的任一端相对应；以及
轴向供油装置靠近定子绕组的一侧设有喷油孔，喷油孔的轴线与定子绕组的轴线倾斜相交设置，使得冷却介质的流出线路呈倾斜状态，从喷油孔向定子绕组的轴线的一端延伸，喷淋至阻挡件和/或定子绕组上，使得冷却介质沿着定子绕组轴向内表面向定子绕组两端流动。
进一步的，阻挡件与位于定子铁芯的槽内的相邻两组定子绕组的线圈构造成一冷却介质流通腔体，喷油孔与冷却介质流通腔体相对应，阻挡件对从喷油孔流出的冷却介质进行阻挡，对冷却介质的流动线路进行导向，使得冷却介质沿着定子绕组轴向内表面向定子绕组两端流动。
进一步的，喷油孔的轴线自喷油孔向远离定子绕组设有轴向供油装置的一端倾斜延伸。
进一步的，喷油孔的数量为多个，每一个冷却介质流通腔体与至少一个喷油孔的位置相对应；
或，多个喷油孔被布置为：相邻喷油孔间隔一个冷却介质流通腔体设置；
或，多个喷油孔被布置为：部分喷油孔与部分冷却介质流通腔体相对应，另一部分喷油孔中，相邻喷油孔间隔一个冷却介质流通腔体设置，以使得定子绕组的每个线圈均被冷却介质喷淋。
进一步的，轴向供油装置还包括，
油管本体，油管本体内部设有腔体，喷油孔与油管本体内部腔体连通，以便于冷却介质流动；
进油口，进油口与油管本体连接，且进油口与油管本体内部腔体连通，以便于冷却介质进入油管本体内部。
进一步的，油管本体的截面形状为圆形或多边形。
进一步的，油管本体为环形结构，或者，油管本体为多个，多个油管本体以定子绕组的轴线为中心呈环形设置。
进一步的，阻挡件具有导流部，导流部与喷油孔相对设置，用于改变冷却介质的流动方向。
进一步的，阻挡件为槽楔或骨架或绝缘纸。
一种集中绕组电机，包括上述的集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子。
由于采用上述技术方案，使得集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子的结构简单，使用方便，具有轴向供油装置，轴向供油装置位于电机定子的出线端或非出线端，从电机定子的一端进行冷却介质的喷淋，且轴向冷却结构的喷油孔的轴线与定子绕组的轴线倾斜相交设置，使得冷却介质流出线路倾斜向电机定子的另一端喷射，喷淋至阻挡件上且被阻挡件阻挡，阻挡件具有导流部，对冷却介质进行分流，改变冷却介质的流动方向，使得冷却介质分割成两部分，喷淋到集中绕组定子线圈的轴向内表面，并沿着线圈的轴向内表面向定子绕组的两端流动，并从两端流出，提高了冷却介质与绕组的热交换接触面积，提升了散热能力，冷却介质流经线圈的整个轴向内表面，解决了集中绕组线圈中部温升过高、两个端部温差过大问题，提升了功率密度；
喷油孔轴线的倾斜角度不同，则流向两端的冷却介质的流量不同，不同出油角度可调整轴向流往两端部的流量分配，使得轴向供油装置能够对不同类型的定子绕组进行冷却，适用范围广；
该轴向供油装置具有内部腔体的油管本体，且油管本体面向定子绕组的一侧面设有多个喷油孔，油管本体环绕设于定子绕组的周侧，且油管本体安装在电机定子的任一端的轭部空间，充分利用定子轭部，与定子一起固定在壳体上，提高了空间利用率；或者，将轴向供油装置安装在壳体上，或将轴向供油装置集成在壳体上，电机定子安装时轴向供油装置与定子轭部位置相对应，充分利用壳体内部空间，提高壳体的空间利用率；
采用变速箱润滑油作为冷却介质，润滑油从变速箱流出后进入轴向供油装置，对电机定子进行冷却，使得变速箱体油路设计变得更简单、所需空间更小，更容易实现。
附图说明
图1是本发明的一实施例的轴向供油装置的一种结构示意图；
图2是本发明的一实施例的轴向供油装置的另一种结构示意图；
图3是本发明的一实施例的轴向供油装置安装在定子的出线端的结构示意图；
图4是本发明的一实施例的轴向供油装置安装在定子的非出线端的结构示意图；
图5是本发明的一实施例的轴向供油装置安装在壳体上与定子端部安装位置相配合的结构示意图；
图6是本发明的一实施例的安装有轴向供油装置的定子结构示意图；
图7是本发明的一实施例的轴向供油装置设于定子绕组线圈出线端时冷却介质轴向流动示意图；
图8是本发明的一实施例的轴向供油装置设于定子绕组线圈非出线端时冷却介质轴向流动示意图；
图9是本发明的一实施例的轴向供油装置设于壳体上且与定子绕组线圈非出线端相对应时冷却介质一种轴向流动示意图；
图10是本发明的一实施例的轴向供油装置设于壳体上且与定子绕组线圈非出线端相对应时冷却介质另一种轴向流动示意图；
图11是本发明的一实施例的轴向供油装置设于壳体上且与定子绕组线圈出线端相对应时冷却介质一种轴向流动示意图；
图12是本发明的一实施例的轴向供油装置设于壳体上且与定子绕组线圈出线端相对应时冷却介质另一种轴向流动示意图；
图13是本发明的一实施例的冷却介质的端部流动示意图；
图14是本发明的一实施例的槽楔的结构示意图；
图15是本发明的一实施例的槽楔的端部结构示意图；
图16是本发明的一实施例的骨架的结构示意图；
图17是本发明的一实施例的一种喷油孔与冷却介质流通腔体对应关系结构示意图；
图18是本发明的一实施例的另一种喷油孔与冷却介质流通腔体对应关系结构示意图；
图19是本发明采用冷却介质轴向喷淋间隙进行冷却的方案仿真图；
图20是现有技术中径向喷淋定子端部及铁心中部进行冷却的方案仿真图。
图中：
1、轴向供油装置    2、定子绕组    3、槽楔
4、定子铁芯        5、固定螺栓    6、出线端
7、非出线端        100、油管本体  101、进油口
102、喷油孔        103、连接部    104、冷却介质流出线路
300、导流部        L、槽楔的高度  W、槽楔的宽度
8、骨架            800、骨架导流部
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
图1示出了本发明一实施例的结构，具体示出了本实施例的结构及连接关系，本实施例涉及一种集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子及电机，用于新能源汽车，轴向供油装置的设置，对集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子进行轴向冷却，冷却介质直接喷淋到集中绕组定子线圈的轴向内表面，且冷却介质沿着定子线圈的内表面向定子绕组的两端流动，从两端流出，提高了冷却介质与绕组的热交换接触面积，提升散热能力，解决集中绕组线圈中部温升过高、两个端部温差过大问题，提升功力密度；同时，轴向供油装置安装在定子铁芯任一端的轭部，或安装在壳体上并与定子绕组的出线端或非出线端位置相配合，提高混动箱体和单电机壳体的空间利用率。
一种集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子，如图3-图6所示，设于壳体上，该壳体可以是混动箱体，或者是单电机壳体，或者是其他箱体，根据实际需求进行设置；
该集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子包括定子铁芯4和定子绕组2，定子绕组2设于定子铁芯4上，构成电磁电路，产生旋转磁场，定子绕组2采用集中式布线；
还包括轴向供油装置1和阻挡件，其中，
阻挡件设于定子铁芯4上，阻挡件与定子绕组2相接触，对定子绕组2进行固定并对定子铁芯4的槽口进行封堵，阻挡件与位于定子铁芯4的槽内的两侧定子绕组线圈构造成一冷却介质流通腔体，以使得从轴向供油装置1流出的冷却介质流动，便于冷却介质喷淋至定子绕组线圈的轴向内表面，该冷却介质流通腔体由阻挡件、位于定子铁芯的槽两侧壁上的定子绕组线圈的槽部分构成的空间，以便于冷却介质流动；
该阻挡件为槽楔3或骨架8或绝缘纸，当阻挡件为槽楔3时，槽楔3设有定子铁芯4的槽的槽口处，与定子绕组2接触，对定子绕组2进行固定，防止定子绕组2从定子铁芯4的槽内出来；当阻挡件为骨架8时，骨架8设于定子铁芯4的齿部，套装在定子铁芯4上，与定子绕组2接触，对定子绕组2进行固定，防止定子绕组2从定子铁芯4的槽内出来；或者，该阻挡件为绝缘纸，绝缘纸设于定子铁芯4的槽的内壁上，且对定子铁芯4的槽的槽口进行封堵，与定子绕组2接触，防止定子绕组2从定子铁芯4的槽内出来；或者是其他结构，根据实际需求进行选择，这里不做具体要求。
轴向供油装置1设于定子铁芯4的任一端部，或，轴向供油装置1与壳体连接，且轴向供油装置1的位置与定子铁芯4的任一端相对应；以及，轴向供油装置1靠近定子绕组2的一侧设有喷油孔102，喷油孔102与冷却介质流通腔体相对应，阻挡件对从喷油孔102流出的冷却介质进行阻挡，对冷却介质的流动线路进行导向，使得冷却介质沿着定子绕组2轴向内表面向定子绕组2两端流动，从轴向供油装置1流出的冷却介质，在冷却介质流通腔体内流动，喷淋至阻挡件和/或定子绕组2的线圈上，喷淋至定子绕组2的线圈上的冷却介质，沿着定子绕组线圈的轴向内表面流动，喷淋至阻挡件上的冷却介质，阻挡件对冷却介质进行阻挡，并改变冷却介质的流动线路方向，将冷却介质变为两部分，两部分冷却介质分别沿着定子绕组线圈的轴向内表面流动，一部分冷却介质向定子绕组2的一端流动，另一部分冷却介质向定子绕组2的另一端流动，使得冷却介质流经整个定子绕组2的轴向内表面，冷却介质与整个定子绕组线圈充分接触，增大热交换接触面积，提升散热能力。
具体地，轴向供油装置1设于定子铁芯4的任一端部，如图3、图4和图5所示，也就是，轴向供油装置1与定子铁芯4连接，设于定子绕组2的出线端6，或者，轴向供油装置1与定子铁芯4连接，设于定子绕组2的非出线端7，将轴向供油装置1安装在定子铁芯4的轭部空间，且定子铁芯4的两侧的轭部空间皆可安装，使得定子铁芯4的轭部空间充分利用，提高油路截面积，同时减少对等壳体的空间的占用，将轴向供油装置1与定子铁芯4固定连接，提高壳体的空间利用率，降低壳体的设计的复杂性。轴向供油装置1安装在定子铁芯4的任一端部时，轴向供油装置1的油管本体100设有连接部103，连接部103设有安装孔，通过固定螺栓5，将轴向供油装置1固定安装在定子铁芯4的任一端部的轭部空间，同时，通过该固定螺栓5，将电机定子固定安装在壳体内。
如图7所示，轴向供油装置1固定安装在定子铁芯4的出线端，轴向供油装置1环绕设于定子绕组2的出线端的周侧，喷油孔102的轴线倾斜设置，与定子绕组2的轴线相交；
如图8所示，轴向供油装置1固定安装在定子铁芯4的非出线端，轴向供油装置1环绕设于定子绕组2的非出线端的周侧，喷油孔102的轴线倾斜设置，与定子绕组2的轴线相交；
在上述两种结构下，冷却介质从喷油孔102倾斜喷出，溅射到阻挡件和/或定子绕组2的线圈上，喷淋至定子绕组2的线圈上的冷却介质，沿着定子绕组线圈的轴向内表面流动，喷淋至阻挡件上的冷却介质，阻挡件对从喷油孔102喷出的冷却介质进行阻挡，改变冷却介质的流动方向，对冷却介质的流动线路进行导向，将冷却介质分割为两部分，两部分冷却介质均喷淋至定子绕组2线圈上，使得冷却介质沿着定子绕组2的线圈的轴向内表面流动，一部分冷却介质向着定子绕组2的一端流动，另一部分冷却介质向着定子绕组2的另一端流动，从定子绕组2的两端流出，增大了冷却介质与定子绕组2的热交换的接触面积，提高了散热效率。
或者，如图5所示，轴向供油装置1与壳体连接，且轴向供油装置1的位置与定子铁芯4的任一端相对应，即，轴向供油装置1固定安装于壳体上，或者轴向供油装置1与壳体集成设置，电机定子安装在壳体内时，轴向供油装置1的位置与电机定子的出线端6或非出线端7的位置相对应，轴向供油装置1环设于定子绕组2的周侧，与定子绕组2该端的端部表面接触，或者与定子绕组2该端的端部表面有一定距离，根据实际需求进行设置，轴向供油装置1对定子绕组2的线圈进行冷却介质的喷淋。轴向供油装置1可以通过固定螺栓5等连接件与壳体连接，或者，壳体内部通过一体成型构造成出轴向供油装置1，电机定子安装在壳体内时与该轴向供油装置1相配合，使得轴向供油装置1环绕设于定子绕组2的周侧，对定子绕组2的出线端6或非出线端7进行冷却介质的喷淋，对定子绕组2进行冷却降温。
如图9所示，轴向供油装置1与壳体固定连接，且轴向供油装置1与定子铁芯4的非出线端相对应，轴向供油装置1与定子绕组2的非出线端具有一定距离，轴向供油装置1设有喷油孔102的一侧与定子绕组2的非出线端的端面大致平行设置，喷油孔102的轴线与定子绕组2的非出线端的端面倾斜相交设置；
如图10所示，轴向供油装置1与壳体固定连接，且轴向供油装置1与定子铁芯4的非出线端相对应，轴向供油装置1与定子绕组2的非出线端具有一定距离，轴向供油装置1设有喷油孔102的一侧与定子绕组2的非出线端的侧面相对应，喷油孔102的轴线与定子绕组2的非出线端的侧面倾斜相交设置；
如图11所示，轴向供油装置1与壳体固定连接，且轴向供油装置1与定子铁芯4的出线端相对应，轴向供油装置1与定子绕组2的出线端具有一定距离，轴向供油装置1设有喷油孔102的一侧与定子绕组2的出线端的端面大致平行设置，喷油孔102的轴线与定子绕组2的出线端的端面倾斜相交设置；
如图12所示，轴向供油装置1与壳体固定连接，且轴向供油装置1与定子铁芯4的出线端相对应，轴向供油装置1与定子绕组2的出线端具有一定距离，轴向供油装置1设有喷油孔102的一侧与定子绕组2的出线端的侧面相对应，喷油孔102的轴线与定子绕组2的出线端的侧面倾斜相交设置；
在上述四种结构下，冷却介质从喷油孔102倾斜喷出，溅射到阻挡件和/或定子绕组2的线圈上，喷淋至定子绕组2的线圈上的冷却介质，沿着定子绕组线圈的轴向内表面流动，喷淋至阻挡件上的冷却介质，阻挡件对从喷油孔102喷出的冷却介质进行阻挡，改变冷却介质的流动方向，对冷却介质的流动线路进行导向，将冷却介质分割为两部分，两部分冷却介质均喷淋至定子绕组2线圈上，使得冷却介质沿着定子绕组2的线圈的轴向内表面流动，一部分冷却介质向着定子绕组2的一端流动，另一部分冷却介质向着定子绕组2的另一端流动，从定子绕组2的两端流出，增大了冷却介质与定子绕组2的热交换的接触面积，提高了散热效率。
无论哪一种轴向供油装置1的安装方式，轴向供油装置1均位于电机定子的出线端6或非出线端7，对该端的定子绕组2的线圈的轴向内表面进行冷却介质的喷淋，冷却介质沿着定子绕组2的线圈的轴向内表面流动，且向着定子绕组2线圈的两端流动，并从两端流出，增大了冷却介质与定子绕组2的热交换的接触面积，提高了散热效率，冷却介质沿着定子绕组2的线圈的轴向内表面流动，且向着定子绕组2线圈的两端流动，从两端流出，流经定子绕组2的线圈的整个轴向内表面，解决了定子绕组2的线圈中部温升过高、两端温差过大的问题，提升了功率密度。
阻挡件与定子铁芯4连接，设于定子铁芯4的槽的槽口，且阻挡件与定子绕组2相接触，对定子绕组2进行固定，对定子铁芯4的槽的槽口进行封堵，防止定子绕组2线圈从定子铁芯4的槽内部出来。轴向供油装置1的喷油孔102与定子铁芯4的槽相对应，且轴向供油装置1的喷油孔102与定子铁芯4的槽内的冷却介质流通腔体相对应，使得冷却介质从喷油孔102流出后，在冷却介质流通腔体内流动，喷淋至阻挡件上，阻挡件对从喷油孔102喷出的冷却介质进行阻挡，改变冷却介质的流动方向，对冷却介质的流动线路进行导向，将冷却介质分割为两部分，两部分冷却介质均喷淋至定子绕组2线圈上，使得冷却介质沿着定子绕组2的线圈的轴向内表面流动，一部分冷却介质向着定子绕组2的一端流动，另一部分冷却介质向着定子绕组2的另一端流动，从定子绕组2的两端流出，增大了冷却介质与定子绕组2的热交换的接触面积，提高了散热效率。
上述的轴向供油装置1，如图1所示，用于冷却介质的流动，使得冷却介质经该轴向供油装置1进入集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子内部，在阻挡件的作用下喷淋至定子绕组2线圈的轴向内表面，并沿着线圈轴向内表面向定子绕组2的两端流动，其包括，
油管本体100，油管本体100内部设有腔体，以便于冷却介质流动，冷却介质在油管本体100的内部腔体内流动，冷却介质流动至定子绕组2的各个线圈位置，冷却介质对定子绕组2的各个线圈进行冷却；
进油口101，进油口101与油管本体100连接，且进油口101与油管本体100内部腔体连通，以便于冷却介质进入油管本体100内部，冷却介质从进油口101进入油管本体100的内部腔体内部，在油管本体100的内部腔体内流动；
喷油孔102，喷油孔102设于轴向供油装置1靠近定子绕组2的一侧，即，喷油孔102设于油管本体100靠近定子绕组2线圈面的一侧，且喷油孔102与油管本体100内部腔体连通，以便于冷却介质流出，喷油孔102的数量为多个，使得冷却介质从不同位置不同方向对定子绕组2的各个线圈进行喷淋冷却；其中，喷油孔102的轴线与定子绕组2的轴线倾斜相交设置，使得冷却介质的流出线路呈倾斜状态，从喷油孔102向定子绕组2的轴线的一端延伸，喷淋至阻挡件和/或定子绕组2的线圈上，使得冷却介质沿着定子绕组2轴向内表面向定子绕组2两端流动，定子绕组2的轴线与油管本体100的轴线同轴设置，即，喷油孔102的轴线与油管本体100的轴线倾斜相交设置，使得冷却介质的流出线路呈倾斜状态，从喷油孔102向油管本体100的轴线的一端延伸，从喷油孔102流出的冷却介质从油管本体100倾斜喷出，喷淋至阻挡件和/或定子绕组2的线圈上，喷淋至定子绕组2的线圈上的冷却介质，沿着定子绕组线圈的轴向内表面流动，喷淋至阻挡件上的冷却介质，阻挡件改变冷却介质的流动方向，将冷却介质分割成两部分，使得两部分冷却介质喷淋至定子绕组2线圈的轴向内表面，冷却介质沿着定子绕组2线圈内表面流动，一部分冷却介质向着定子绕组2的一端流动，另一部分冷却介质向着定子绕组2的另一端流动，使得冷却介质流经定子绕组2线圈的整个轴向内表面，对定子绕组2线圈进行冷却。
喷油孔102的轴线倾斜方向为从喷油孔102向远离定子绕组2设有轴向供油装置1的一端方向延伸，喷油孔102的轴线倾斜设置，由于轴向供油装置1位于定子绕组2的一端，为使得冷却介质喷淋至阻挡件上，并经阻挡件改变冷却介质的流动方向，喷淋至定子绕组2线圈上，喷油孔102的轴线倾斜方向为从喷油孔102向定子绕组2一端延伸，且该定子绕组端为远离设有轴向供油装置1的一端，如，若轴向供油装置1设于定子绕组2的出线端6，则，喷油孔102的轴线倾斜方向为从喷油孔102向定子绕组2的非出线端7延伸。
该喷油孔102的数量为多个，每一个冷却介质流通腔体与至少一个喷油孔102的位置相对应，以使得从喷油孔102流出的冷却介质喷淋至阻挡件上，也就是，每一个定子铁芯4的槽内均有一个冷却介质流通腔体，每一个冷却介质流通腔体与至少一个喷油孔102相对应，即，每一个冷却介质流通腔体可以与一个喷油孔102相对应，或者，每一个冷却介质流通腔体可以与两个或多个喷油孔102相对应，根据实际需求进行设置。
或者，如图17所示，多个喷油孔102被布置为：相邻喷油孔102间隔一个冷却介质流通腔体设置，多个喷油孔102与多个冷却介质流通腔体间隔设置，相邻喷油孔102之间间隔一个冷却介质流通腔体，也就是，喷油孔102的数量为冷却介质流通腔体的数量的一半，当一个喷油孔102与一个冷却介质流通腔体相对应时，该冷却介质流通腔体两侧的两个冷却介质流通腔体不与喷油孔102对应，相邻喷油孔102之间具有一个冷却介质流通腔体，该冷却介质流通腔体不对应喷油孔102，使得每个线圈有一侧被冷却介质喷淋，对线圈进行冷却。
或者，如图18所示，多个喷油孔102被布置为：部分喷油孔102与部分冷却介质流通腔体相对应，另一部分喷油孔102中，相邻喷油孔102间隔一个冷却介质流通腔体设置，部分喷油孔102与部分冷却介质流通腔体相对应，另一部分喷油孔102与另一部分冷却介质流通腔体间隔设置，也就是，部分喷油孔102与部分冷却介质流通腔体一一对应，每一个喷油孔 102对应一个冷却介质流通腔体；另一部分喷油孔102的数量少于另一部分冷却介质流通腔体的数量的一半，在该部分喷油孔102与冷却介质流通腔体对应关系中，一个喷油孔102与一个冷却介质流通腔体对应时，该冷却介质流通腔体的两侧的两个冷却介质流通腔体不对应喷油孔102，相邻两个喷油孔102之间具有一个不对应喷油孔102的冷却介质流通腔体，使得该部分冷却介质流通腔体内的两个线圈有一侧被冷却介质喷淋，进行冷却。
喷油孔102的设置方式，根据实际油路油量进行选择，这里不做具体要求。
为实现上述的对定子绕组2的各个线圈进行冷却，冷却介质能够喷淋至定子绕组2的各个线圈上，在本实施例中，优选的，每一个冷却介质流通腔体与一个喷油孔102相对应，每一个喷油孔102与一个定子铁芯4的槽相对应，相邻喷油孔102之间的距离与定子铁芯4的相邻两槽的距离相一致，以便于喷油孔102与冷却介质流通腔体相对应，多个喷油孔102等间距设置，也就是，喷油孔102位于油管本体100面向定子绕组2的一侧面，使得冷却介质从油管本体100喷出后直接喷淋至定子绕组2的线圈上，喷油孔102的数量与定子铁芯4的槽的数量相一致，每一个喷油孔102的位置与每一个定子铁芯4的槽相对应，以使得从喷油孔102流出的冷却介质喷淋至定子绕组2的线圈上，每一个喷油孔102对应一个定子铁芯4的槽，当定子绕组2为集中式绕组时，每一个定子铁芯4的槽的内部具有两组线圈的槽部分，两个线圈的槽部分之间具有间隙，两个线圈的槽部分与阻挡件构成冷却介质流通腔体，喷油孔102与该冷却介质流通腔体相对应，冷却介质从喷油孔102喷出时，沿着该冷却介质流通腔体流动，且由于冷却介质流动压力的存在，冷却介质从喷油孔102喷出时具有一定的长度，直接喷淋至阻挡件上，同时，喷油孔102的轴线与油管本体100的轴线倾斜相交设置，不同的倾斜角度对应不同的喷油孔102的冷却介质喷出角度，进而调整轴向流往定子绕组2的两端部的冷却介质的流量，则，从喷油孔102喷出的冷却介质向定子绕组2的内侧面倾斜喷出，冷却介质流出线路104具有一定的倾斜角，能够喷淋在同一个定子铁芯4的槽的内部的各个阻挡件上，阻挡件改变从各个喷油孔102喷出的冷却介质的流动线路方向，将冷却介质分割成两部分，使得两部分冷却介质喷淋至定子绕组2线圈上，冷却介质沿着线圈的轴向内表面流动，一部分向着定子绕组的一端流动，另一部分向着定子绕组2的另一端流动，使得冷却介质流经整个定子绕组2的线圈，增加热交换接触面积，对定子绕组2进行冷却降温。
该喷油孔102的形状可以是圆形，或者是方形，或者是三角形，或者是多边形，或者是其他形状，根据实际需求进行选择，这里不做具体要求。
冷却介质从进油口101进入油管本体100的内部腔体内，并在油管本体100的内部腔体内流动，从喷油孔102流出，由于喷油孔102的轴线与油管本体100的轴线倾斜相交设置，使得从喷油孔102流出的冷却介质倾斜喷出，且多个喷出的冷却介质的延长线相交于同一直线，构造成以油管本体100的轴线为轴线的锥形的冷却介质喷淋网，从不同位置不同角度对定子绕组2线圈进行冷却介质喷淋，冷却介质喷淋在定子绕组2线圈的轴向内表面，并沿着定子绕组2线圈的轴向内表面流动，向定子绕组2的两端流动，从两端流出，流经定子绕组2线圈的整个轴向内表面，增大冷却介质与定子绕组2的热交换接触面积，对定子绕组线圈进行冷却降温。
如图1所示，上述的油管本体100内部具有腔体，以便于冷却介质的流动，且为能够实现对所有的定子线圈进行冷却降温，则将油管本体100环绕设于定子绕组2的周侧，将定子绕组2环绕于其中，使得冷却介质从油管本体100喷出后，经阻挡件改变流动方向后喷淋至定子绕组2的各个线圈的轴向内表面，冷却介质沿着定子绕组线圈的内表面流动，从线圈的两端流出，提高了冷却介质与定子绕组2的热交换接触面积，使得冷却介质尽可能带走了定子线圈产生的热量，从而实现了定子冷却降温，同时避免定子绕组2的线圈中部温度过高、两端温差过大。
为实现上述油管本体100对定子绕组2的环绕设置，该油管本体100可以为环形结构，如图1所示，环绕设于定子绕组2的外部，与定子绕组2同轴设置，油管本体100面向定子绕组2的一侧面设有多个喷油孔102，喷油孔102的轴线倾斜方向及倾斜角度根据油管本体100的安装位置进行设置。该油管本体100的截面形状可以是圆形，或者是多边形，即，该油管本体100的截面形状可以是圆形、椭圆形、方形或梯形，或者是其他形状，根据实际需求进行选择，这里不做具体要求。当油管本体100为环形结构时，其进油口101的数量至少为一个，为油管本体100进行冷却介质的供给，进油口101可以设于油管本体100的远离设有喷油孔102的另一侧面，或者，进油口101设于油管本体100的与设有喷油孔102的一侧面相垂直的一侧面，或者是其他设置方式，根据实际需求进行设置，这里不做具体要求。
或者，如图2所示，该油管本体100为多个，多个油管本体100以定子绕组2的轴线为中心呈环形设置，多个油管本体100构成环形结构，沿着定子绕组2的轴向环绕设置，每一个油管本体100面向定子绕组2的一侧面均设有多个喷油孔102，且每一个油管本体100均设有至少一个进油口101，以便于每一个油管本体100内均有冷却介质流动，每一个油管本体100的喷油孔102均喷射出冷却介质，从不同位置不同角度对定子绕组2的线圈进行冷却降温。任一油管本体100的截面形状为圆形或多边形，即，任一油管本体100的截面形状可以是圆形、椭圆形、方形或梯形，或者是其他形状，根据实际需求进行选择，这里不做具体要求。如，油管本体100的数量为两个，两个油管本体100沿着定子绕组2的周向设置，环绕设于定子绕组2的周侧，每一个油管本体100面向定子绕组2的一侧面均设有多个喷油孔102，对定子绕组2的线圈进行冷却介质的喷淋，两个油管本体100的进油口101相对靠近设置，使得两个油管本体100的进油口101能够与外部同一个进油管连接，进行冷却介质的输入。
优选的，在本实施例中，该油管本体100的横截面形状为方形，易于调整喷油孔102位置及喷油孔102角度(冷却介质流出线路104)，且喷油孔102加工时操作方便。
油管本体100的内部腔体的截面形状可以与油管本体100的截面形状相同，或者是，油管本体100的内部腔体的截面形状与油管本体100的截面形状不相同，根据实际需求进行设定，这里不做具体要求。
上述的阻挡件具有导流部300，导流部300与喷油孔102位置相对设置，从喷油孔102倾斜喷出的冷却介质在冷却介质流通腔体内流动，溅射在阻挡件的导流部300上，导流部300对冷却介质进行阻挡，如图7-图13所示，改变冷却介质流出线路104的方向，对溅射在导流部300上的冷却介质进行导向，使得冷却介质的流动方向由与定子绕组2的轴向倾斜相交的 状态变更为与定子绕组2的轴线大致平行的状态，将冷却介质分割成两部分，两部分冷却介质沿着定子绕组2的线圈的轴向内表面流动，一部分冷却介质向着定子绕组2的一端流动，另一部分冷却介质向着定子绕组2的另一端流动，其中，流向远离设有轴向供油装置1的冷却介质流动比较大，使得冷却介质能够流经定子绕组线圈的整个轴向内表面；同时，阻挡件的导流部300对冷却介质在定子绕组2的两个端部的流量进行导向，使得冷却介质向位于同一定子铁芯4的槽内的多组线圈的两个端部流动，并从两端流出。
如图14和图15所示，当阻挡件为槽楔3时，该槽楔3具有槽楔本体，该槽楔本体为板状结构，导流部300设于槽楔本体的一侧面，且导流部300的数量为两个，对称设于槽楔本体的同一侧面，导流部300所在的平面与槽楔本体的该侧面相交设置，两个导流部300所在的平面也相交设置，使得两个导流部300凸设于槽楔本体的一侧面上，两个导流部300的连接处平面过渡，使得两个导流部300与槽楔本体构成的结构的截面形状为梯形，即，槽楔3的横截面形状为梯形，导流部300与喷油孔102相对设置，使得溅射到导流部300的冷却介质向两个方向流动，使得冷却介质的流动方向由与定子绕组2的轴向倾斜相交的状态变更为与定子绕组2的轴线大致平行的状态，使得冷却介质在定子绕组2靠近轴向供油装置1的端部进行分流，分割成两部分，沿着线圈的轴向内表面流动，一部分向着定子绕组的一端流动，另一部分向着定子绕组的另一端流动，流经定子绕组2的各个线圈，对定子绕组2的各个线圈进行冷却。
槽楔3的高度L与定子绕组2的高度相适应，即，槽楔3的高度L大于定子铁芯4的齿部的高度，与定子绕组2的两侧端部高度越接近，溅射到槽楔3上的冷却介质越多，导向定子绕组2的两侧端部的冷却介质的量越多，对应散热接触面积越大。槽楔3的高度L根据实际需求进行选择，这里不做具体要求。
槽楔3的宽度W与定子铁芯4的槽的宽度相适应，槽楔3的宽度W越接近定子铁芯4的槽的宽度，集聚在定子绕组2端部的冷却介质越多，冷却介质的分散面积越大。槽楔3的宽度W根据实际需求进行选择，这里不做具体要求。
如图16所示，当阻挡件为骨架8时，骨架8套装在定子铁芯4的齿部上，相邻两个骨架导流部800将定子铁芯4的槽的槽口封堵，防止定子绕组2从定子铁芯4的槽内出来，同时使得溅射到骨架导流部800的冷却介质向两个方向流动，使得冷却介质的流动方向由与定子绕组2的轴向倾斜相交的状态变更为与定子绕组2的轴线大致平行的状态，使得冷却介质在定子绕组2靠近轴向供油装置1的端部进行分流，分割成两部分，沿着线圈的轴向内表面流动，一部分向着定子绕组2的一端流动，另一部分向着定子绕组2的另一端流动，流经定子绕组2的各个线圈，对定子绕组2的各个线圈进行冷却。
一种集中绕组电机，包括上述的的集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子。
下面举例进行具体说明。
例如，将油管本体100做成截面形状为方形的环状结构，即，油管本体100为环形管状结构，且截面形状为方形，内部空腔的截面形状为圆形，将油管本体100固定安装在定子铁 芯4的一端的轭部空间，且位于定子绕组2的出线端6，油管本体100面向定子绕组2的一侧面设有多个喷油孔102，每一个喷油孔102的位置与定子铁芯4的一个槽相对应，喷油孔102的轴线与定子绕组2的轴线倾斜相交设置，即，从喷油孔102喷出的冷却介质向着定子绕组2非出线端6方向倾斜喷出，冷却介质在压力的作用下，从喷油孔102喷射出后，在冷却介质流通腔体内流动，抵达槽楔3处，与槽楔3的导流部300相接触，由于导流部300为斜面设置，且导流部300的数量为两个，对冷却介质进行分流，改变冷却介质流出线路104方向，一部分向着定子绕组2的出线端6流动，一部分向着定子绕组2的非出线端7流动，且每一部分的冷却介质沿着线圈的轴向内表面流动，从定子绕组2的两端流出，提高冷却介质与定子绕组2的热交换接触面积，提高散热能力，同时解决集中绕组线圈中部温升过高、两端温差过大问题，提升了功率密度，将轴向供油装置1安装在定子铁芯4的轭部，充分利用电机定子轭部空间，提高壳体的空间利用率。该冷却介质优选为变速箱润滑油，变速箱润滑油从变速箱流出后，进入轴线油路结构，对电机定子进行冷却，使得变速箱体油路设计简单、所需空间更小、便于实现。
采用冷却介质轴向喷淋间隙进行冷却与现有的径向喷淋定子端部及铁心中部进行冷却的仿真结果进行对比，如图19和图20所示，其中，两个仿真方案采用相同冷却油流量，相同冷却油油温，电机工作于相同工况条件下，其结果为：径向喷淋定子端部及铁心中部：定子最高温度174℃(位于定子中部)，定子端部绕组166℃；轴向喷淋间隙：定子最高温度136℃(位于定子中部)，定子端部绕组130℃。
由此可以知道，采用轴向喷淋，冷却降温效果更好。
由于采用上述技术方案，使得集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子的结构简单，使用方便，该轴向供油装置具有内部腔体的油管本体，且油管本体面向定子绕组的一侧面设有多个喷油孔，油管本体环绕设于定子绕组的周侧，且油管本体安装在电机定子的任一端的轭部空间，充分利用定子轭部，与定子一起固定在壳体上，提高了空间利用率；或者，将轴向供油装置安装在壳体上，或将轴向供油装置集成在壳体上，电机定子安装时轴向供油装置与定子轭部位置相对应，充分利用壳体内部空间，提高壳体的空间利用率；轴向供油装置位于电机定子的出线端或非出线端，从电机定子的一端进行冷却介质的喷淋，且轴向冷却结构的喷油孔的轴线与定子绕组的轴线倾斜相交设置，使得冷却介质流出线路倾斜向电机定子的另一端喷射，穿过定子绕组线圈后被定子铁芯槽内的阻挡件阻挡，阻挡件具有导流部，对冷却介质进行分流，改变冷却介质的流动方向，使得冷却介质直接喷淋到集中绕组定子线圈的轴向内表面，并沿着线圈的轴向内表面向定子绕组的两端流动，并从两端流出，提高了冷却介质与绕组的热交换接触面积，提升了散热能力，冷却介质流经线圈的整个轴向内表面，解决了集中绕组线圈中部温升过高、两个端部温差过大问题，提升了功率密度；喷油孔轴线的倾斜角度不同，则流向两端的冷却介质的流量不同，不同出油角度可调整轴向流往两端部的流量分配，使得轴向供油装置能够对不同类型的定子绕组进行冷却，适用范围广；采用变速箱润滑油作为冷却介质，润滑油从变速箱流出后进入轴向供油装置，对电机定子进行冷却，使得变速箱体油路设计变得更简单、所需空间更小，更容易实现。
以上对本发明的实施例进行了详细说明，但所述内容仅为本发明的较佳实施例，不能被认为用于限定本发明的实施范围。凡依本发明申请范围所作的均等变化与改进等，均应仍归属于本发明的专利涵盖范围之内。

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  1. 一种集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子，设于壳体上，包括定子铁芯(4)和定子绕组(2)，所述定子绕组(2)设于所述定子铁芯(4)上，其特征在于：还包括阻挡件和轴向供油装置(1)，其中，
    所述阻挡件设于所述定子铁芯(4)上，且所述阻挡件与所述定子绕组(2)相接触，对所述定子铁芯(4)的槽口进行封堵；
    所述轴向供油装置(1)设于所述定子铁芯(4)的任一端部，或，所述轴向供油装置(1)与所述壳体连接，且所述轴向供油装置(1)的位置与所述定子铁芯(4)的任一端相对应；以及
    所述轴向供油装置(1)靠近所述定子绕组(2)的一侧设有喷油孔(102)，所述喷油孔(102)的轴线与所述定子绕组(2)的轴线倾斜相交设置，使得冷却介质的流出线路呈倾斜状态，从所述喷油孔(102)向所述定子绕组(2)的轴线的一端延伸，喷淋至所述阻挡件和/或所述定子绕组(2)上，使得冷却介质沿着所述定子绕组(2)轴向内表面向所述定子绕组(2)两端流动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子，其特征在于：所述阻挡件与位于所述定子铁芯(4)的槽内的相邻两组所述定子绕组(2)的线圈构造成一冷却介质流通腔体，所述喷油孔(102)与所述冷却介质流通腔体相对应，所述阻挡件对从所述喷油孔(102)流出的冷却介质进行阻挡，对冷却介质的流动线路进行导向，使得所述冷却介质沿着所述定子绕组(2)轴向内表面向所述定子绕组(2)两端流动。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子，其特征在于：所述喷油孔(102)的轴线自所述喷油孔(102)向远离所述定子绕组(2)设有轴向供油装置(1)的一端倾斜延伸。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子，其特征在于：所述喷油孔(102)的数量为多个，每一个所述冷却介质流通腔体与至少一个所述喷油孔(102)的位置相对应；
    或，多个所述喷油孔(102)被布置为：相邻所述喷油孔(102)间隔一个所述冷却介质流通腔体设置；
    或，多个所述喷油孔(102)被布置为：部分所述喷油孔(102)与部分所述冷却介质流通腔体相对应，另一部分所述喷油孔(102)中，相邻所述喷油孔(102)间隔一个所述冷却介质流通腔体设置，以使得所述定子绕组(2)的每个线圈均被冷却介质喷淋。
  5. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子，其特征在于：所述轴向供油装置(1)还包括，
    油管本体(100)，所述油管本体(100)内部设有腔体，所述喷油孔(102)与所述油管本体(100)内部腔体连通，以便于冷却介质流动；
    进油口(101)，所述进油口(101)与所述油管本体(100)连接，且所述进油口(101)与所述油管本体(100)内部腔体连通，以便于冷却介质进入所述油管本体(100)内部。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子，其特征在于：所述油管本体(100)的截面形状为圆形或多边形。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子，其特征在于：所述油管本体(100)为环形结构，或者，所述油管本体(100)为多个，多个所述油管本体(100)以所述定子绕组(2)的轴线为中心呈环形设置。
  8. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子，其特征在于：所述阻挡件具有导流部(300)，所述导流部(300)与所述喷油孔(102)相对设置，用于改变冷却介质的流动方向。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子，其特征在于：所述阻挡件为槽楔(3)或骨架(8)或绝缘纸。
  10. 一种集中绕组电机，其特征在于：包括如权利要求1-9任一项所述的集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子。
PCT/CN2021/082826 2020-06-09 2021-03-24 一种集中绕组轴向冷却电机定子及电机 WO2021248977A1 (zh)

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