WO2023051789A1 - Trimaran - Google Patents

Trimaran Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023051789A1
WO2023051789A1 PCT/CN2022/123281 CN2022123281W WO2023051789A1 WO 2023051789 A1 WO2023051789 A1 WO 2023051789A1 CN 2022123281 W CN2022123281 W CN 2022123281W WO 2023051789 A1 WO2023051789 A1 WO 2023051789A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
trimaran
hull
system structure
hulls
present
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/123281
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙怡然
Original Assignee
孙怡然
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 孙怡然 filed Critical 孙怡然
Publication of WO2023051789A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023051789A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • B63B1/125—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising more than two hulls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/107—Semi-submersibles; Small waterline area multiple hull vessels and the like, e.g. SWATH
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B17/00—Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B43/00—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for
    • B63B43/02—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking
    • B63B43/10—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving buoyancy
    • B63B43/14—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving buoyancy using outboard floating members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B17/00—Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • B63B2017/0054—Rests or supports for movable ship-borne equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B43/00—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for
    • B63B43/02—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking
    • B63B43/10—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving buoyancy
    • B63B43/14—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving buoyancy using outboard floating members
    • B63B2043/145—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving buoyancy using outboard floating members pneumatic, e.g. inflatable on demand

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a trimaran which utilizes three thin hulls and connects them as a whole through a strong frame at the upper part.
  • trimaran gives a detailed introduction to the trimaran. Compared with the monohull, the trimaran has a larger deck area, better stability and seakeeping.
  • trimarans are trimaran with three thin hulls sharing one main deck, such as the pictures and information of the trimaran powerboats Leen56, Leen72, Leen56 and Leen72 manufactured by the French multihull manufacturer NEEL TRIMARANS Group It can be found on Baidu that when this type of trimaran is used in waters where the wave height is lower than the main deck, the waves will impact the hull between the main deck and the waterline plane of the trimaran.
  • trimaran The larger the volume of this part of the hull, the greater the impact The greater the force of the impact of the waves, the disadvantage of this type of trimaran is that the volume of the hull between the main deck and the water plane is too large, and the volume of this part of the hull can provide the reserve buoyancy required for the normal navigation of the trimaran. There is also excess volume, and when used in waters where the wave height is lower than the main deck, waves will impact this part of the excess hull, reducing the seakeeping of this type of trimaran.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a trimaran with a structure different from that of the existing trimaran with three thin hulls sharing one main deck.
  • the hull volume between them reduces the impact force of waves on this part of the hull, making the trimaran better seakeeping.
  • the trimaran of the present invention uses a space bar system structure instead After reading this part of the hull, the entry "bar system structure" in "Baidu Encyclopedia" gives a detailed explanation of the bar system structure. Simply speaking, the bar system structure is a structure composed of several bars. All bars and all If the loads are all in the same plane, it is called a plane bar system structure, and if it is not in the same plane, it is called a space bar system structure.
  • the bar system structure of the trimaran of the present invention is a space bar system structure.
  • the bar system structure can be divided into two types according to the nodes.
  • the first type is all rigid nodes.
  • the space bar system structure of the trimaran of the present invention is a rigid frame, and the second type is a hybrid frame with both rigid nodes and hinge points. ; Because the volume of the space bar system structure is far smaller than the hull volume it replaces, so it is subjected to the power of wave impact is just little, and the seakeeping performance of this trimaran is just;
  • the lower three parts, the upper part is the upper facility, and the present invention refers to the marine facilities installed on the upper part of the space bar structure as the upper facility, and the upper facility of the trimaran of the present invention refers to the platform, railing, driver's cab, lounge, and lifting equipment.
  • the superstructure can be increased or decreased according to the purposes of the trimaran of the present invention
  • the middle part is a space bar system structure connected by bars
  • the space bar system structure of the trimaran of the present invention can bear the three
  • the bending and torsional moments generated by the hull ship in use, the spatial rod system structure of the trimaran of the present invention can adopt rods of different cross-sectional shapes and materials, the strength of the rods is different, and the number of rods used is different.
  • the distribution of the members of the space bar system structure of the hull ship can be different under the condition that the strength requirements are met.
  • connection between the bars of the space bar system structure of the trimaran in the present invention is preferably fixed connection, and the space bar system structure for reference
  • the transmission tower composed of rods, the main part of the building tower crane composed of rods, some rods of the space rod system structure in the present invention can extend into the thin hull to strengthen and strengthen the connection with the thin hull;
  • the space bar system structure of the inventive trimaran can be designed several times the actual required strength to enhance the safety of the trimaran of the present invention when designing the space bar system structure;
  • the height of the waves determines, if the height of the waves is high, the height of the space bar system structure of the trimaran is high; the bottom of the trimaran of the present invention is three thin hulls, and the parts above the waterline of the full load of the three thin hulls will be Reserve the volume of buoyancy required for the normal navigation of the trimaran of the present invention, and the upper surfaces of the three thin hulls should be smooth to reduce the impact force of waves.
  • the shapes of the parts below the waterline of the three thin hulls can It is the same as the shape of the part below the full-load waterline of the existing trimaran, and it can also be appropriately improved according to the purposes and actual conditions of the trimaran of the present invention.
  • the three thin hulls can be made into a wave-piercing type or a small waterline surface. type, or other existing types, the hull in the middle of the three thin hulls is the middle hull, and the hulls on both sides are side hulls.
  • the trimaran of the present invention allows waves to pass through the three thin hulls when in use. Or the fuel oil can freely enter and exit the cabins of the three thin hulls.
  • the entrances and exits of the three thin hulls communicating with the outside world are equipped with control devices.
  • the control devices of the storage cabin and the power cabin can be watertight doors and watertight hatches.
  • the control devices of cabins such as cabins, fuel tanks, ballast water tanks, etc., which communicate with the outside world through pipelines can be valves, pumps, etc., because the trimaran of the present invention with different purposes has different cabins communicated with the outside world, so the different purposes of the present invention
  • the control device of the inventive trimaran can be different.
  • the purpose of the control device is to control the flow of water and fuel into and out of the three thin hulls.
  • the ballast water tank can suck or discharge water through the control device water pump of the ballast water tank to adjust the fresh water tank. and the liquid volume change of the fuel tank reduce the impact of the change of the liquid volume of the fresh water tank and the fuel tank on the floating state of the trimaran of the present invention; in order to facilitate the entry and exit of the personnel and materials of the upper facilities, the trimaran of the present invention is provided with a shape similar to a submarine
  • the shape of the enclosure of the podium enclosure can be streamlined like the enclosure of the submarine podium, or it can be made into a streamlined front end and a square rear end, or other shapes.
  • the internal passage and water flow should be considered.
  • the resistance of the enclosure is designed according to the needs, the larger the volume of the enclosure, the greater the force of the wave impact, the location of the enclosure can be in the middle of the hull, or it can be front or rear, the purpose is to facilitate personnel or Materials enter and exit the mid-hull, the upper part of the enclosure is connected to the upper facilities, and can be connected to the platform of the upper facilities.
  • a waterproof cover needs to be added to the upper opening of the enclosure.
  • the waterproof cover can be watertight or weathertight. At this time, it is connected to the enclosure.
  • the control device of the cabin is a waterproof cover, and the upper part of the enclosure can also be connected to the interior of the superstructure belonging to the superstructure such as the driving cab or rest room.
  • the superstructure can be regarded as the control device of the cabin connected with the enclosure.
  • the lower part of the enclosure is connected with the mid-hull. Commonly used, for example, it is only opened during maintenance, and the watertight hatch cover can be used as a control device, and the intake pipe and exhaust pipe of the built-in engine, as well as the water inlet and drain of cooling water, do not belong to the entrance and exit of the cabin, and the cooling water
  • the amount of entry and discharge is basically the same, which has little influence on the floating state of the trimaran of the present invention; when the ship sails in water, the waves have different wave heights, different wavelengths, different wave speeds, and different waveforms, which have different impacts on the ship.
  • the wave of wave speed, wave shape is also different to different shape, different size ship influence, so experiment under real wind and wave condition, is the feasible way of determining the height of space rod system structure of trimaran of the present invention, the manufacturing process of trimaran of the present invention can be This is the case.
  • design and manufacture an experimental trimaran It is required that the three thin hulls and superstructures of the experimental trimaran be the same as the trimaran designed and used in the next step.
  • the wave height of the wave that just does not hit the superstructure is the wave height that the experimental trimaran is designed to resist. You can refer to the height of the experimental trimaran space bar system structure without changing the three thin hulls.
  • the trimaran of the present invention that resists different wave heights is designed.
  • the height of the space bar system structure of the trimaran of the present invention can be higher than the actual height in design.
  • the required height is 0.2 to 2 times higher; when the trimaran of the present invention is navigating in the water, it may encounter a sudden change in the weather and a sudden increase in wind and waves, exceeding the designed wave height, and a small number of waves will impact the upper facilities.
  • the superstructure of the invention trimaran will be able to withstand the impact of a small amount of waves.
  • the bar section of the space bar system structure can be circular, square, rectangular, etc.
  • the design speed of the trimaran of the present invention is high, in order to further reduce the Resistance, the cross-section of the rods of the space bar system structure impacted by waves on the trimaran of the present invention can be square at the front and rear, pointed at both ends or streamlined.
  • the bars of this shape are connected to the space bar system structure, the One side of the head faces the direction of the bow, and the cross-sectional shape of the rod should be selected according to the difficulty of material manufacturing and actual needs.
  • the three thin hulls of the trimaran of the present invention can be made into small waterplane hulls, that is, the middle hull can be made into small waterplane hulls and the two side hulls are not
  • the trimaran of the small water plane hull can also be made into a trimaran in which the middle hull and two side hulls are all small water plane hulls; because the trimaran of the present invention has reduced the superstructure to the redundant
  • the hull part, the three thin hulls of the trimaran of the present invention are subjected to little wave impact when piercing waves, so the trimaran of the present invention is also suitable for making a wave-piercing trimaran.
  • the trimaran of the present invention can adopt the power device of the existing powered trimaran; the trimaran of the present invention can also be equipped with outboard motors on the space bar system structure, and electric outboard motors or gasoline outboard motors or diesel outboard motors can be installed. machine; the trimaran of the present invention can respectively install an electric outboard motor on the space rod system structure at the symmetrical positions on both sides of the middle hull, set a storage battery inside the middle hull, and connect to two electric boats with two power lines On the outer machine, a control handle is installed on the upper facility, connected to the electric outboard machine respectively by signal lines, and by controlling the differential speed and forward and reverse rotation of the two electric outboard machines, the advancement and steering of the trimaran of the present invention are realized.
  • the trimaran of the present invention is equipped with a floating body with a watertight space on the upper part of the space bar system structure, and the floating body belongs to the upper facility.
  • the number of floating bodies can be more or less, and an annular floating body surrounding the entire platform can be set, or several floating bodies can be set around the platform, and the total volume of the floating bodies is 5% to 50% of the full-load displacement of the trimaran of the present invention.
  • the trimaran of the present invention can respectively install a slender boat-shaped or streamlined floating body on both sides of the platform; the floating body can generate buoyancy when the trimaran of the present invention increases temporary load and sinks.
  • the driver's cab lounge of the trimaran of the present invention can be weather-tight to protect the safety of personnel and equipment when the wind and waves are strong.
  • the trimaran of the present invention can be equipped with sails, sail by wind power, and the existing sail technology can be applied to the trimaran of the present invention.
  • the interior of the three thin hulls of the trimaran of the present invention is divided into several watertight compartments by watertight bulkheads, so that when one or several watertight compartments are damaged, the trimaran of the present invention will not sink.
  • the space bar system structure of the trimaran of the present invention replaces the part of the hull between the main deck and the water plane of the existing trimaran. Since the volume of the space bar system structure is far smaller than the volume of the part of the hull it replaces, the waves are reduced. To the impact force of this part of the hull, so the trimaran of the present invention is compared with the existing trimaran, under the situation that the size and shape of the hull below the water plane are all the same, the seakeeping of the trimaran of the present invention is better; The stress of each rod member of the space rod system structure of the inventive trimaran can be simulated and analyzed by computer, which facilitates the design and manufacture of the trimaran of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of a trimaran of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic rear view of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 .
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spatial bar system of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 .
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of a trimaran of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic rear view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 .
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 .
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of a trimaran of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic rear view of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 .
  • This embodiment is a sea-fishing trimaran designed for offshore fishing by the trimaran of the present invention.
  • the trimaran can take five people.
  • the trimaran can be divided into upper, middle and lower parts. The upper part is the upper facility.
  • the superstructure on the upper part of the ship includes platform 4, bridge, railing, life buoy, ceiling, telescopic mast, folding sail, anchor, anchor rope, anti-collision ball etc.
  • platform 4 is made of fiberglass, and the length and width of platform 4 are four
  • Four life buoys are hung on the railing, and a length and width are four meters.
  • the ceiling can be opened and closed. Folded, the telescopic mast can be screwed to the preset mounting screws of the platform.
  • the mast and sail can be used when the battery is out of power.
  • the middle part of the trimaran is the space bar system structure 1, and the platform 4 is connected to the space bar with rivets
  • the space bar system structure 1 is welded with angle steel and flat steel.
  • the length and width of the space bar system structure 1 are both four meters, and the height of the space bar system structure 1 is one meter.
  • Figure 4 is the three-body Schematic diagram of ship space rod system structure 1, the uppermost member of the space rod system structure 1 uses angle steel with a thickness of 5 mm and a width of 50 mm, and the remaining rods use cold-drawn flat steel with a thickness of 5 mm and a width of 50 mm. steel, and the connection method of each rod is welding.
  • the deformation of the spatial rod system structure is within the elastic limit when bearing twice the bending and torsional moment generated by the trimaran in use.
  • the lower layer The wide faces of the flat steel are on the same horizontal plane, and there are mounting holes corresponding to the bolts on the thin hull on the lower flat steel. During welding, the narrow side of the flat steel faces the bow of the trimaran.
  • the lower layer of the trimaran is made of three thin hulls made of glass fiber reinforced plastics. The cross-section of the three thin hulls is a closed half ellipse , the length of the side hull 3 is six meters, and the deck of the side hull 3 is a closed deck without openings.
  • the hull 3 is provided with bolts corresponding to the installation holes on the space bar system structure 1 during production, and the middle hull 2 is eight meters long, and the middle hull 2 is divided into five watertight compartments by the watertight bulkhead, wherein there are two watertight compartments.
  • the cabins are connected with the trimaran platform by enclosures 6, the two cabins with enclosures 6 are used as storage compartments, the other three watertight compartments are fully enclosed, and the openings of enclosures 6 on the platform 4 are provided with watertight hatches Cover, the watertight hatch is the control device of the storage compartment, the watertight hatch can prevent the trimaran from entering water when in use, and the trimaran has two storage compartments that communicate with the outside world; the middle hull 2
  • the volume is 2.3 cubic meters, the distance from the fully loaded waterline 9 to the upper surface of the middle hull 2 is 0.2 meters, the middle hull 2 has a volume of 0.6 cubic meters to provide reserve buoyancy, and each side hull 3 has 0.15 cubic meters.
  • the cubic volume provides reserve buoyancy.
  • the total weight of the entire trimaran plus personnel and supplies is 2.2 tons.
  • the reserve buoyancy of the trimaran is about 40% of its full load displacement.
  • the superstructure is about 1.2 meters away from the water surface.
  • the space bar system structure 1 of the trimaran Two electric outboard motors 7 are installed, and the electric outboard motors 7 are installed in symmetrical positions on both sides of the middle hull 2, and batteries are installed inside the middle hull 2, and the batteries have power lines to link to each other with the two electric outboard motors 7.
  • the handle on the bridge for controlling two electric outboard motors, and the signal line of the handle is connected to the electric outboard motor 7, and the trimaran can be steered by the speed difference between the two electric outboard motors 7; There may be some deviations in the weight of each component. For example, when laying up a FRP hull by hand, the weight of the hull made by different people will be different. Finally, the weight of the battery used can be adjusted to achieve the same total weight of the hull.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of a trimaran of the present invention
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic rear view of the embodiment shown in Fig. 5
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 .
  • This embodiment is a trimaran of the present invention designed for water lifesaving, water experiments, water breeding care, water leisure fishing and other purposes.
  • the trimaran is designed with ten people on board.
  • the trimaran can be Divided into upper, middle and lower parts, the upper part of the trimaran is the upper level facilities including platform 4, cab lounge 5 and railings.
  • Marine facilities such as life-saving facilities can be installed with different marine facilities according to the purposes of the trimaran.
  • the platform 4 of the ship is to be fixed on the space bar system structure 1 with planks and form.
  • the cab and Rest room is connected as a whole, and the wheelhouse rest room 5 of this ship is made of glass fiber reinforced plastics, and the wheelhouse rest room 5 is fixed on the space bar system structure 1 with screw, and the exits such as the doors and windows of the wheelhouse rest room 5 communicate with the outside world can reach Weathertight, the trimaran installs the superstructure facilities that are afraid of being wetted by water inside the cab lounge 5; the trimaran is equipped with two floating bodies 8 on both sides of the platform, and the floating bodies 8 are fixed to the space bar system by screws.
  • the floating body 8 can be replaced as required, the shape of the floating body 8 can be a ship type or a torpedo type, and the total volume of the two floating bodies 8 can be 10% to 20% of the full load displacement; the trimaran is preferably
  • the floating body 8 is made of fiberglass, torpedo type, and the length is ten meters.
  • the volume of each floating body 8 is 1.8 cubic meters.
  • the floating body 8 is installed on both sides of the platform 4. When the trimaran sinks with a temporary load , the floating body 8 will contact the water surface to provide buoyancy; the middle part of the trimaran is a space rod structure 1 welded by rectangular steel pipes. The cross-section of these rectangular steel pipes is 160 mm long and 80 mm wide.
  • the space rod system structure 1 adds rods connected to the thin hull on the space rod structure shown in Figure 4.
  • the rods connected to the thin hull A part protrudes into the inside of the thin hull and is welded together with the steel bulkhead inside the thin hull.
  • the space bar system structure 1 can withstand the bending and torsion moments generated by the trimaran in use.
  • the lower part of the trimaran is three thin hulls made of steel plates through bending, stamping, and welding.
  • the hull is a small waterplane area trimaran.
  • the interior of the middle hull 2 of the trimaran is divided into eight watertight compartments by steel plates, wherein storage compartments, ballast water tanks, engine compartments, fresh water tanks, oil tanks, etc. are arranged.
  • a steel surrounding shell 6 stretches into the driver's cab lounge 5, and the opening of the surrounding shell 6 in the driver's cab rest room 5 has a watertight hatch cover. This hatch cover is exactly the control device of the storage compartment.
  • the ballast water tank inside the mid-hull 2 has pipes communicating with the outside world below the waterline, the ballast water tank controls the amount of ballast water through a water pump, and the water pump is the control device for the ballast water tank, and the fresh water tank inside the mid-hull 2
  • the water pumps and valves are the control devices of the fresh water tank.
  • the oil tank inside the mid-hull 2 has pipelines to communicate with the outside world.
  • the sealing cover It is the control device of the oil tank.
  • the engine compartment inside the hull has a watertight hatch that communicates with the outside world. This hatch is the control device of the engine compartment.
  • the midhull 2 of the trimaran is fifteen meters long, and the steel plates forming the midhull are eight millimeters thick.
  • the cross-sectional area of the middle hull 2 is 1.35 square, the volume of the middle hull 2 is fifteen cubic meters, and the side hull 3 is formed by stamping and bending welding of five millimeters thick steel plates.
  • the side hull 3 is long thirteen meters, and the cross-sectional area in the middle of the side hull is 0.3 square meters, and the volume of a single side hull 3 is three cubic meters, and the space rod system structure is eight meters long, five meters wide, three
  • the distance from a skinny hull to the platform is two meters.
  • the full load weight of the trimaran is 15 tons.
  • the weight when fully loaded includes the weight of the trimaran plus the weight of personnel, materials and ballast water.
  • the weight error generated during manufacturing and the weight difference of personnel and materials can be adjusted to 15 tons through ballast water.
  • the volume of the hull below the full-load waterline 9 is about 15 cubic meters, and the volume of three thin hulls above the full-load waterline 9
  • the confined space is about 6 cubic meters, plus 3.6 cubic meters of the two floating bodies 8, the reserve buoyancy of the trimaran is about 64%.
  • the trimaran can be changed by replacing the floating bodies 8 with different volumes.
  • the reserve buoyancy of the trimaran, the distance from the fully loaded waterline 9 of the ship to the bottom of the cab lounge 5 is 2.4 meters, and the trimaran can sail safely in wave height waters below 1.8 meters.
  • an electric outboard motor is respectively installed, the electric power of the electric outboard motor is provided by a storage battery, and the electric outboard motor can assist the trimaran to turn.
  • the three thin hulls and the space bar system structure of the trimaran of the present invention can be constructed separately, which is convenient for improving shipbuilding efficiency and reducing shipbuilding cost.
  • the trimaran of the present invention can adopt thin hulls of various shapes as required, such as wave-piercing type, small waterline surface type, etc.; when the space rod system structure of the trimaran of the present invention meets the requirements of strength, multiple Three different structures, the trimaran of the present invention that the superstructure and three thin hulls are all the same can adopt different space bar system structures, the space bar system structure and the thin hull of the trimaran of the present invention can be made of metal materials, also It can be made of composite materials; the trimaran of the present invention can be installed with facilities on existing ships as required.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a trimaran. The trimaran has a different structure from an existing trimaran in which three thin hulls share one main deck. In the trimaran, a spatial rod system structure (1) replaces partial hulls between the main deck and a waterplane of the existing trimaran, such that the volume of the partial hulls is reduced, and impact force of waves on the partial hulls is reduced. The trimaran has better wave resistance. The trimaran can be divided into upper, middle, and lower portions which are connected. The upper portion comprises upper layer facilities, and the upper layer facilities refer to facilities mounted on the upper portion of the trimaran, such as a platform (4), a cab, a lounge, and a lifting device. The middle portion is the spatial rod system structure (1) consisting of rods. The lower portion comprises three thin hulls. The spatial rod system structure (1) can withstand bending and torsional moments generated by the trimaran in use. An enclosure (6) is communicated between the middle hull (2) and the upper layer facilities in the trimaran. The trimaran of the present invention can further be designed to be a small-waterplane trimaran.

Description

三体船Trimaran 技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种利用三个瘦型船体，通过上部的强力构架连成一体的三体船。The invention relates to a trimaran which utilizes three thin hulls and connects them as a whole through a strong frame at the upper part.
背景技术Background technique
《百度百科》中，“三体船”这一词条对三体船做了详细介绍，三体船同单体船比有更大的甲板面积，更好的稳性和耐波性。现有三体船中有一种类型是三个瘦型船体共用一个主甲板的三体船，例如法国多体船制造商NEEL TRIMARANS集团制造的三体动力艇Leen56、Leen72，Leen56和Leen72的图片和资料可以在百度上搜索到，该类型三体船在波浪的高度低于主甲板的水域使用时，波浪会冲击三体船主甲板与水线面之间的船体，这部分船体的体积越大，受到波浪冲击的力量越大，该类型三体船的缺点是主甲板与水线面之间的船体体积过大，这部分船体的体积在提供该三体船正常航行所需储备浮力的情况下，还有多余的体积，在波浪高度低于主甲板的水域使用时，波浪会冲击到这部分多余船体，降低了该类型三体船的耐波性。In "Baidu Encyclopedia", the term "trimaran" gives a detailed introduction to the trimaran. Compared with the monohull, the trimaran has a larger deck area, better stability and seakeeping. One of the existing trimarans is a trimaran with three thin hulls sharing one main deck, such as the pictures and information of the trimaran powerboats Leen56, Leen72, Leen56 and Leen72 manufactured by the French multihull manufacturer NEEL TRIMARANS Group It can be found on Baidu that when this type of trimaran is used in waters where the wave height is lower than the main deck, the waves will impact the hull between the main deck and the waterline plane of the trimaran. The larger the volume of this part of the hull, the greater the impact The greater the force of the impact of the waves, the disadvantage of this type of trimaran is that the volume of the hull between the main deck and the water plane is too large, and the volume of this part of the hull can provide the reserve buoyancy required for the normal navigation of the trimaran. There is also excess volume, and when used in waters where the wave height is lower than the main deck, waves will impact this part of the excess hull, reducing the seakeeping of this type of trimaran.
技术问题technical problem
本发明要解决的技术问题是，提供一种与现有三个瘦型船体共用一个主甲板的三体船结构不同的三体船，该三体船缩减了现有三体船主甲板与水线面之间的船体体积，减小了波浪对这部分船体的冲击力量，使该三体船耐波性更好。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a trimaran with a structure different from that of the existing trimaran with three thin hulls sharing one main deck. The hull volume between them reduces the impact force of waves on this part of the hull, making the trimaran better seakeeping.
技术解决方案technical solution
在现有三体船主甲板与水线面之间的船体体积，在提供该三体船正常航行所需储备浮力的情况下，还有多余的船体体积，本发明三体船采用空间杆系结构代替了这部分船体，《百度百科》中“杆系结构”这一词条，对杆系结构做了详细的解释，简单来说杆系结构是由若干杆件组成的结构，全部杆件和全部载荷均处于同一平面内的，称为平面杆系结构，不处于同一平面内的称为空间杆系结构，本发明三体船的杆系结构是空间杆系结构，本发明三体船的空间杆系结构按照结点可分为两种，第一种全部为刚结点，本发明三体船空间杆系结构为刚架，第二种为刚结点和铰结点并存的混合型构架；由于空间杆系结构的 体积远远小于它所替代的船体体积，所以它受到波浪冲击的力量就小，该三体船耐波性就好；本发明三体船可分为相连接的上中下三部分，上部是上层设施，本发明把安装在空间杆系结构上部的船用设施称为上层设施，本发明三体船的上层设施是指平台、栏杆、驾驶室、休息室、起重设备，救生装置等船用设施，上层设施根据本发明三体船的用途可增加、可减少，中部是由杆件连接成的空间杆系结构，本发明三体船的空间杆系结构可以承受该三体船在使用时产生的弯曲和扭转力矩，本发明三体船的空间杆系结构，可以采用不同截面形状、不同材料的杆件，杆件的强度不同，所用杆件数量不同，本发明三体船空间杆系结构在满足强度要求的情况下各杆件分布可以不同，本发明三体船空间杆系结构的杆件之间的连接，优先选用固定连接，可供参考的空间杆系结构有杆件组成的输电塔、杆件组成的建筑塔吊主体部分，本发明所述空间杆系结构的部分杆件可以伸入瘦型船体内部，用来加强、加固与瘦型船体的连接；本发明三体船的空间杆系结构在设计时，可以设计数倍于实际所需强度，以增强本发明三体船的安全性；空间杆系结构的高度要根据该三体船所使用水域的波浪高度决定，如果波浪的高度高，那么该三体船的空间杆系结构的高度就高；本发明三体船的下部是三个瘦型船体，三个瘦型船体满载水线以上部分要留出本发明三体船正常航行所需储备浮力的体积，三个瘦型船体的上表面要做的平顺，以减小波浪的冲击力量，三个瘦型船体满载水线以下部分的形状可以和现有三体船满载水线以下部分的形状相同，也可以根据本发明三体船的用途和实际情况适当改进，三个瘦型船体可以做成穿浪型，也可以做成小水线面型，或者其它现有类型，三个瘦型船体中间那个船体为中船体，两侧的船体为侧船体，本发明三体船在使用时允许波浪没过三个瘦型船体，为了不让水或燃油自由出入三个瘦型船体的舱室，三个瘦型船体与外界相通舱室的出入口都设有控制装置，例如储物舱、动力舱的控制装置可以是水密门、水密舱盖等，淡水舱、燃油舱、压载水舱等通过管道与外界相通的舱室的控制装置可以是阀门、泵等，因为不同用途的本发明三体船有不同的与外界相通的舱室，所以不同用途的本发明三体船的控制装置可以不同，控制装置的用途就是控制水和燃油进出三个瘦型船体，例如压载水舱可以通过压载水舱的控制装置水泵吸入或排出水，来调节淡水舱和燃油舱的液体量变化，减小淡水舱和燃油舱液体量变化对 本发明三体船漂浮状态的影响；为了便于上层设施的人员和物资出入中船体，本发明三体船设置了外形类似潜艇指挥台围壳的围壳，围壳的形状可以像潜艇指挥台围壳那样做成流线型，也可以做成前端流线型后端方型，或者其它形状，设计围壳形状时要考虑内部通道和水的阻力，围壳的体积根据需要设计，围壳的体积越大，受波浪冲击的力量越大，围壳的位置可以在中船体的中部，也可以靠前或靠后，目的是方便人员或物资进出中船体，围壳上部与上层设施相连接，可以与上层设施的平台连接，此时围壳上口需要加防水盖，防水盖可以是水密也可以是风雨密，此时与围壳相通舱室的控制装置是防水盖，围壳的上部也可以连入驾驶室或休息室等属于上层设施的上层建筑内部，驾驶室或休息室的门窗等与外界相通的出入口要做到风雨密，此时该上层建筑可以看作是与围壳相通舱室的控制装置，围壳下部连接中船体，围壳内部为人员和物资的上下通道，如果需要可设置多个围壳，如果一些舱室的出入口不常用，例如只在检修时才开启，可以设水密舱口盖作为控制装置，内置发动机的进气管道和排气管道和冷却水的进水口和排水口，不属于舱室的出入口，而且冷却水的进入量和排出量基本相同，对本发明三体船漂浮状态影响很小；船在水中航行时，波浪的波高不同、波长不同、波速不同、波形不同，对船的影响不同，同样波高、波长、波速、波形的波浪对不同形状、不同大小的船影响也不同，所以在真正风浪条件下实验，是确定本发明三体船空间杆系结构高度的可行办法，本发明三体船的制造过程可以是这样的，首先设计并制造一艘实验用三体船，要求实验用三体船的三个瘦型船体和上层设施都与下一步设计使用的三体船相同，当实验用三体船在水中航行时，刚好冲击不到上层设施的波浪的浪高，就是该实验用三体船设计抵御浪高，可参考实验用三体船空间杆系结构的高度，在不改变三个瘦型船体和上层设施的情况下，通过改变空间杆系结构的高度，设计出抵御不同浪高的本发明三体船，为了安全，本发明三体船的空间杆系结构的高度在设计时可以比实际所需高度高零点二倍至两倍；本发明三体船在水里航行时，有可能遇到天气骤变风浪突然加大，超过设计的浪高，少数波浪会冲击到上层设施，本发明三体船的上层设施要能够承受少量波浪的冲击。The hull volume between the main deck and the water plane of the existing trimaran, in the case of providing the reserve buoyancy required for the normal navigation of the trimaran, still has excess hull volume. The trimaran of the present invention uses a space bar system structure instead After reading this part of the hull, the entry "bar system structure" in "Baidu Encyclopedia" gives a detailed explanation of the bar system structure. Simply speaking, the bar system structure is a structure composed of several bars. All bars and all If the loads are all in the same plane, it is called a plane bar system structure, and if it is not in the same plane, it is called a space bar system structure. The bar system structure of the trimaran of the present invention is a space bar system structure. The bar system structure can be divided into two types according to the nodes. The first type is all rigid nodes. The space bar system structure of the trimaran of the present invention is a rigid frame, and the second type is a hybrid frame with both rigid nodes and hinge points. ; Because the volume of the space bar system structure is far smaller than the hull volume it replaces, so it is subjected to the power of wave impact is just little, and the seakeeping performance of this trimaran is just; The lower three parts, the upper part is the upper facility, and the present invention refers to the marine facilities installed on the upper part of the space bar structure as the upper facility, and the upper facility of the trimaran of the present invention refers to the platform, railing, driver's cab, lounge, and lifting equipment. , life-saving devices and other marine facilities, the superstructure can be increased or decreased according to the purposes of the trimaran of the present invention, the middle part is a space bar system structure connected by bars, and the space bar system structure of the trimaran of the present invention can bear the three The bending and torsional moments generated by the hull ship in use, the spatial rod system structure of the trimaran of the present invention can adopt rods of different cross-sectional shapes and materials, the strength of the rods is different, and the number of rods used is different. The distribution of the members of the space bar system structure of the hull ship can be different under the condition that the strength requirements are met. The connection between the bars of the space bar system structure of the trimaran in the present invention is preferably fixed connection, and the space bar system structure for reference The transmission tower composed of rods, the main part of the building tower crane composed of rods, some rods of the space rod system structure in the present invention can extend into the thin hull to strengthen and strengthen the connection with the thin hull; The space bar system structure of the inventive trimaran can be designed several times the actual required strength to enhance the safety of the trimaran of the present invention when designing the space bar system structure; The height of the waves determines, if the height of the waves is high, the height of the space bar system structure of the trimaran is high; the bottom of the trimaran of the present invention is three thin hulls, and the parts above the waterline of the full load of the three thin hulls will be Reserve the volume of buoyancy required for the normal navigation of the trimaran of the present invention, and the upper surfaces of the three thin hulls should be smooth to reduce the impact force of waves. The shapes of the parts below the waterline of the three thin hulls can It is the same as the shape of the part below the full-load waterline of the existing trimaran, and it can also be appropriately improved according to the purposes and actual conditions of the trimaran of the present invention. The three thin hulls can be made into a wave-piercing type or a small waterline surface. type, or other existing types, the hull in the middle of the three thin hulls is the middle hull, and the hulls on both sides are side hulls. The trimaran of the present invention allows waves to pass through the three thin hulls when in use. Or the fuel oil can freely enter and exit the cabins of the three thin hulls. The entrances and exits of the three thin hulls communicating with the outside world are equipped with control devices. For example, the control devices of the storage cabin and the power cabin can be watertight doors and watertight hatches. The control devices of cabins such as cabins, fuel tanks, ballast water tanks, etc., which communicate with the outside world through pipelines can be valves, pumps, etc., because the trimaran of the present invention with different purposes has different cabins communicated with the outside world, so the different purposes of the present invention The control device of the inventive trimaran can be different. The purpose of the control device is to control the flow of water and fuel into and out of the three thin hulls. For example, the ballast water tank can suck or discharge water through the control device water pump of the ballast water tank to adjust the fresh water tank. and the liquid volume change of the fuel tank reduce the impact of the change of the liquid volume of the fresh water tank and the fuel tank on the floating state of the trimaran of the present invention; in order to facilitate the entry and exit of the personnel and materials of the upper facilities, the trimaran of the present invention is provided with a shape similar to a submarine The shape of the enclosure of the podium enclosure can be streamlined like the enclosure of the submarine podium, or it can be made into a streamlined front end and a square rear end, or other shapes. When designing the enclosure shape, the internal passage and water flow should be considered. The resistance of the enclosure, the volume of the enclosure is designed according to the needs, the larger the volume of the enclosure, the greater the force of the wave impact, the location of the enclosure can be in the middle of the hull, or it can be front or rear, the purpose is to facilitate personnel or Materials enter and exit the mid-hull, the upper part of the enclosure is connected to the upper facilities, and can be connected to the platform of the upper facilities. At this time, a waterproof cover needs to be added to the upper opening of the enclosure. The waterproof cover can be watertight or weathertight. At this time, it is connected to the enclosure. The control device of the cabin is a waterproof cover, and the upper part of the enclosure can also be connected to the interior of the superstructure belonging to the superstructure such as the driving cab or rest room. The doors and windows of the driving cab or rest room, etc. At this time, the superstructure can be regarded as the control device of the cabin connected with the enclosure. The lower part of the enclosure is connected with the mid-hull. Commonly used, for example, it is only opened during maintenance, and the watertight hatch cover can be used as a control device, and the intake pipe and exhaust pipe of the built-in engine, as well as the water inlet and drain of cooling water, do not belong to the entrance and exit of the cabin, and the cooling water The amount of entry and discharge is basically the same, which has little influence on the floating state of the trimaran of the present invention; when the ship sails in water, the waves have different wave heights, different wavelengths, different wave speeds, and different waveforms, which have different impacts on the ship. The wave of wave speed, wave shape is also different to different shape, different size ship influence, so experiment under real wind and wave condition, is the feasible way of determining the height of space rod system structure of trimaran of the present invention, the manufacturing process of trimaran of the present invention can be This is the case. First, design and manufacture an experimental trimaran. It is required that the three thin hulls and superstructures of the experimental trimaran be the same as the trimaran designed and used in the next step. When the experimental trimaran is in When navigating in the water, the wave height of the wave that just does not hit the superstructure is the wave height that the experimental trimaran is designed to resist. You can refer to the height of the experimental trimaran space bar system structure without changing the three thin hulls. In the case of superstructures, by changing the height of the space bar system structure, the trimaran of the present invention that resists different wave heights is designed. For safety, the height of the space bar system structure of the trimaran of the present invention can be higher than the actual height in design. The required height is 0.2 to 2 times higher; when the trimaran of the present invention is navigating in the water, it may encounter a sudden change in the weather and a sudden increase in wind and waves, exceeding the designed wave height, and a small number of waves will impact the upper facilities. The superstructure of the invention trimaran will be able to withstand the impact of a small amount of waves.
本发明三体船设计航速低时空间杆系结构的杆件截面可以是圆形、方 形、长方形等，本发明三体设计船航速高时，为了进一步减小本发明三体船在航行时的阻力，本发明三体船被波浪冲击到的空间杆系结构的杆件的截面可以为前尖后方形、两头尖形或流线形，该形状的杆件在连接空间杆系结构时，尖头的一面向着船头方向，要根据材料制造的难易和实际需要选择杆件截面形状。When the design speed of the trimaran of the present invention is low, the bar section of the space bar system structure can be circular, square, rectangular, etc. When the design speed of the trimaran of the present invention is high, in order to further reduce the Resistance, the cross-section of the rods of the space bar system structure impacted by waves on the trimaran of the present invention can be square at the front and rear, pointed at both ends or streamlined. When the bars of this shape are connected to the space bar system structure, the One side of the head faces the direction of the bow, and the cross-sectional shape of the rod should be selected according to the difficulty of material manufacturing and actual needs.
为了进一步增强本发明三体船的耐波性，本发明三体船的三个瘦型船体可以做成小水线面船体，即可以做成中船体为小水线面船体而两个侧船体不是小水线面船体的三体船，也可以做成中船体和两个侧船体都是小水线面船体的三体船；因为本发明三体船缩减了上层设施到水线面之间多余的船体部分，本发明三体船的三个瘦型船体在穿浪时受到波浪的冲击力量小，所以本发明三体船还适合做成穿浪型三体船。In order to further enhance the seakeeping of the trimaran of the present invention, the three thin hulls of the trimaran of the present invention can be made into small waterplane hulls, that is, the middle hull can be made into small waterplane hulls and the two side hulls are not The trimaran of the small water plane hull can also be made into a trimaran in which the middle hull and two side hulls are all small water plane hulls; because the trimaran of the present invention has reduced the superstructure to the redundant The hull part, the three thin hulls of the trimaran of the present invention are subjected to little wave impact when piercing waves, so the trimaran of the present invention is also suitable for making a wave-piercing trimaran.
本发明三体船可以采用现有动力三体船的动力装置；本发明三体船还可以在空间杆系结构上安装船外机，可以安装电动船外机或汽油船外机或柴油船外机；本发明三体船可以在中船体两侧对称位置的空间杆系结构上各安装了一台电动船外机，在中船体内部设置蓄电池，用两条电源线分别连接到两台电动船外机上，在上层设施上安装控制手柄，通过信号线分别连接到电动船外机上，通过控制两台电动船外机的差速和正反转，来实现本发明三体船的前进和转向。The trimaran of the present invention can adopt the power device of the existing powered trimaran; the trimaran of the present invention can also be equipped with outboard motors on the space bar system structure, and electric outboard motors or gasoline outboard motors or diesel outboard motors can be installed. machine; the trimaran of the present invention can respectively install an electric outboard motor on the space rod system structure at the symmetrical positions on both sides of the middle hull, set a storage battery inside the middle hull, and connect to two electric boats with two power lines On the outer machine, a control handle is installed on the upper facility, connected to the electric outboard machine respectively by signal lines, and by controlling the differential speed and forward and reverse rotation of the two electric outboard machines, the advancement and steering of the trimaran of the present invention are realized.
为了加大本发明三体船的储备浮力，增强本发明三体船的安全性，本发明三体船在空间杆系结构的上部安装了具有水密空间的浮体，浮体属于上层设施，根据需要浮体的数目可多可少，可以设置一个环绕整个平台的环形浮体，也可以在平台周边设置若干个浮体，浮体的总体积为本发明三体船满载排水量的百分之五至百分之五十；本发明三体船可以在平台的两侧各安装一个细长的船型或流线型浮体；浮体能够在本发明三体船增加临时性载荷而下沉时产生浮力。In order to increase the reserve buoyancy of the trimaran of the present invention and enhance the safety of the trimaran of the present invention, the trimaran of the present invention is equipped with a floating body with a watertight space on the upper part of the space bar system structure, and the floating body belongs to the upper facility. The number of floating bodies can be more or less, and an annular floating body surrounding the entire platform can be set, or several floating bodies can be set around the platform, and the total volume of the floating bodies is 5% to 50% of the full-load displacement of the trimaran of the present invention. The trimaran of the present invention can respectively install a slender boat-shaped or streamlined floating body on both sides of the platform; the floating body can generate buoyancy when the trimaran of the present invention increases temporary load and sinks.
本发明三体船的驾驶室休息室可以风雨密，在风浪大时保护人员和设备安全。The driver's cab lounge of the trimaran of the present invention can be weather-tight to protect the safety of personnel and equipment when the wind and waves are strong.
本发明三体船可以加装风帆，借助风力航行，可以把现有的风帆技术应用到本发明三体船上。The trimaran of the present invention can be equipped with sails, sail by wind power, and the existing sail technology can be applied to the trimaran of the present invention.
本发明三体船的三个瘦型船体的内部由水密隔壁，分割成若干个水密隔舱，这样在一个或者数个水密隔舱受到损坏时，本发明三体船不会沉没。The interior of the three thin hulls of the trimaran of the present invention is divided into several watertight compartments by watertight bulkheads, so that when one or several watertight compartments are damaged, the trimaran of the present invention will not sink.
有益效果Beneficial effect
本发明三体船的空间杆系结构，替代了现有三体船主甲板到水线面之间的部分船体，由于空间杆系结构的体积远远小于其所替代的部分船体体积，减小了波浪对这部分船体的冲击力量，所以本发明三体船与现有三体船相比，在水线面以下船体的大小和形状都相同的情况下，本发明三体船的耐波性更好；本发明三体船的空间杆系结构的各个杆件的受力可以通过计算机模拟和分析，便于本发明三体船的设计和制造。The space bar system structure of the trimaran of the present invention replaces the part of the hull between the main deck and the water plane of the existing trimaran. Since the volume of the space bar system structure is far smaller than the volume of the part of the hull it replaces, the waves are reduced. To the impact force of this part of the hull, so the trimaran of the present invention is compared with the existing trimaran, under the situation that the size and shape of the hull below the water plane are all the same, the seakeeping of the trimaran of the present invention is better; The stress of each rod member of the space rod system structure of the inventive trimaran can be simulated and analyzed by computer, which facilitates the design and manufacture of the trimaran of the present invention.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明三体船一种实施方式的侧视示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of a trimaran of the present invention.
图2是图1所示实施方式的后视示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic rear view of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 .
图3是图1所示实施方式的俯视示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 .
图4是图1所示实施方式的空间杆系结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spatial bar system of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 .
图5是本发明三体船一种实施方式的侧视示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of a trimaran of the present invention.
图6是图5所示实施方式的后视示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic rear view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 .
图7是图5所示实施方式的俯视示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 .
本发明的最佳实施方式BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
图1是本发明三体船的一种实施方式的侧视示意图，图2为图1所述实施方式的后视示意图，图3为图1所述实施方式的俯视示意图。该实施方式是本发明三体船为近海垂钓设计的海钓三体船，该三体船可乘坐五人，该三体船可分为上中下三部分，上部是上层设施，该三体船上部的上层设施包括平台4、驾驶台、栏杆、救生圈、顶棚、伸缩桅杆、折叠帆、锚、锚绳、防撞球等，平台4由玻璃钢制成，平台4的长和宽都是四米、平台4的正中间为一个玻璃钢制成的驾驶台，平台4周围为高为一米的栏杆，栏杆上挂了四个救生圈，一个长和宽都是四米的顶棚，顶棚可打开和收起，伸缩桅杆可以用螺丝固定在平台预设的安装螺丝上，桅杆和帆可在蓄电池没电时使用，该三体船的中部是空间杆系结构1，平台4用铆钉连接在空间杆系结构1上，空间杆系结构1用角钢和扁钢焊接而成，空间杆系结构1的长和宽都是四米，空间杆系结构1的高 是一米，图4是该三体船空间杆系结构1的示意图，该空间杆系结构1的最上层杆件用的是五毫米厚五十毫米宽的角钢，其余杆件用的是五毫米厚五十毫米宽的冷拔扁钢，各杆件的连接方式是焊接，该空间杆系结构在承受两倍该三体船在使用时产生的弯曲和扭转力矩时形变在弹性限度以内，为了便于安装三个瘦型船体，下层扁钢的宽面在同一水平面上，下层扁钢上有和瘦型船体上的螺栓对应的安装孔，为了减小该三体船在波浪中前进时的阻力，该空间杆系结构1上下层之间的扁钢在焊接时窄的一面向着该三体船船头方向，该三体船的下层是玻璃钢制作的三个瘦型船体，三个瘦型船体的横截面为封闭的半个椭圆，侧船体3长为六米，侧船体3的甲板为无开口的封闭甲板，单个侧船体3的体积为零点四立方米，每个侧船体内部由水密隔壁分成五个水密隔舱，侧船体3在制作时设置了与空间杆系结构1上的安装孔对应的螺栓，中船体2长为八米，由水密隔壁把中船体2分为五个水密隔舱，其中有两个水密隔舱有围壳6与该三体船平台相连，这两个有围壳6的船舱作为储物舱，另外三个水密隔舱为全封闭，围壳6在平台4上的开口设水密舱口盖，水密舱口盖就是储物舱的控制装置，水密舱口盖可以让该三体船在使用时不会进水，该三体船只有两个储物舱与外界相通；中船体2的体积为二点三立方米，满载水线9到中船体2上表面的距离为零点二米，中船体2有零点六立方的体积提供储备浮力，每个侧船体3有零点一五立方的体积提供储备浮力，整个三体船加上人员物资的总重是二点二吨，该三体船的储备浮力是其满载排水量的大约百分之四十，该三体船在使用时上层设施距离水面约一点二米，该三体船在浪高一米以下的水域航行时，越过三个瘦型船体的波浪冲击不到上层设施；该三体船的空间杆系结构1上安装着两台电动船外机7，电动船外机7安装在中船体2两侧对称位置，中船体2内部安装着蓄电池，蓄电池有电源线与两台电动船外机7相连，上层设施的驾驶台上有控制两台电动船外机的手柄，手柄的信号线连接电动船外机7，该三体船可通过两台电动船外机7的转速差别实现转向；该三体船在制作时各部件的重量可能有些偏差，例如手糊玻璃钢船体时不同人做出的船体重量会有差异，最终可以通过调节所用蓄电池的重量来达到船体总重的一致。Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of a trimaran of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic rear view of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 , and Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 . This embodiment is a sea-fishing trimaran designed for offshore fishing by the trimaran of the present invention. The trimaran can take five people. The trimaran can be divided into upper, middle and lower parts. The upper part is the upper facility. The superstructure on the upper part of the ship includes platform 4, bridge, railing, life buoy, ceiling, telescopic mast, folding sail, anchor, anchor rope, anti-collision ball etc., platform 4 is made of fiberglass, and the length and width of platform 4 are four In the middle of the platform 4, there is a bridge made of fiberglass, and around the platform 4 is a railing that is one meter high. Four life buoys are hung on the railing, and a length and width are four meters. The ceiling can be opened and closed. Folded, the telescopic mast can be screwed to the preset mounting screws of the platform. The mast and sail can be used when the battery is out of power. The middle part of the trimaran is the space bar system structure 1, and the platform 4 is connected to the space bar with rivets On the system structure 1, the space bar system structure 1 is welded with angle steel and flat steel. The length and width of the space bar system structure 1 are both four meters, and the height of the space bar system structure 1 is one meter. Figure 4 is the three-body Schematic diagram of ship space rod system structure 1, the uppermost member of the space rod system structure 1 uses angle steel with a thickness of 5 mm and a width of 50 mm, and the remaining rods use cold-drawn flat steel with a thickness of 5 mm and a width of 50 mm. steel, and the connection method of each rod is welding. The deformation of the spatial rod system structure is within the elastic limit when bearing twice the bending and torsional moment generated by the trimaran in use. In order to facilitate the installation of three thin hulls, the lower layer The wide faces of the flat steel are on the same horizontal plane, and there are mounting holes corresponding to the bolts on the thin hull on the lower flat steel. During welding, the narrow side of the flat steel faces the bow of the trimaran. The lower layer of the trimaran is made of three thin hulls made of glass fiber reinforced plastics. The cross-section of the three thin hulls is a closed half ellipse , the length of the side hull 3 is six meters, and the deck of the side hull 3 is a closed deck without openings. The hull 3 is provided with bolts corresponding to the installation holes on the space bar system structure 1 during production, and the middle hull 2 is eight meters long, and the middle hull 2 is divided into five watertight compartments by the watertight bulkhead, wherein there are two watertight compartments. The cabins are connected with the trimaran platform by enclosures 6, the two cabins with enclosures 6 are used as storage compartments, the other three watertight compartments are fully enclosed, and the openings of enclosures 6 on the platform 4 are provided with watertight hatches Cover, the watertight hatch is the control device of the storage compartment, the watertight hatch can prevent the trimaran from entering water when in use, and the trimaran has two storage compartments that communicate with the outside world; the middle hull 2 The volume is 2.3 cubic meters, the distance from the fully loaded waterline 9 to the upper surface of the middle hull 2 is 0.2 meters, the middle hull 2 has a volume of 0.6 cubic meters to provide reserve buoyancy, and each side hull 3 has 0.15 cubic meters. The cubic volume provides reserve buoyancy. The total weight of the entire trimaran plus personnel and supplies is 2.2 tons. The reserve buoyancy of the trimaran is about 40% of its full load displacement. When the trimaran is in use The superstructure is about 1.2 meters away from the water surface. When the trimaran sails in waters with a wave height of less than one meter, the waves passing over the three thin hulls cannot impact the superstructure; the space bar system structure 1 of the trimaran Two electric outboard motors 7 are installed, and the electric outboard motors 7 are installed in symmetrical positions on both sides of the middle hull 2, and batteries are installed inside the middle hull 2, and the batteries have power lines to link to each other with the two electric outboard motors 7. There is a handle on the bridge for controlling two electric outboard motors, and the signal line of the handle is connected to the electric outboard motor 7, and the trimaran can be steered by the speed difference between the two electric outboard motors 7; There may be some deviations in the weight of each component. For example, when laying up a FRP hull by hand, the weight of the hull made by different people will be different. Finally, the weight of the battery used can be adjusted to achieve the same total weight of the hull.
本发明的实施方式Embodiments of the present invention
图5是本发明三体船一种实施方式的侧视示意图，图6是图5所述实施 方式的后视示意图，图7是图5所述实施方式的俯视示意图。该实施方式是本发明三体船为水上救生、水上实验、水上养殖看护、水上休闲垂钓等用途设计的小水线面三体船，该三体船设计船上人员十人，该三体船可分为上中下三部分，该三体船的上部是上层设施包括平台4、驾驶室休息室5、栏杆。救生设施等船用设施，根据该三体船的用途，可安装不同的船用设施，该船的平台4是用木板使用螺丝固定在空间杆系结构1上面而成，该三体船的驾驶室和休息室连为一体，该船的驾驶室休息室5为玻璃钢制成，驾驶室休息室5用螺丝固定在空间杆系结构1上，驾驶室休息室5的门窗等与外界相通的出口可以达到风雨密，该三体船把怕水浸湿的上层设施都安装在驾驶室休息室5内部；该三体船在平台的两侧安装着两个浮体8，浮体8通过螺丝固定在空间杆系结构1上，浮体8可以根据需要更换，浮体8的形状可以是船型或鱼雷型，两个浮体8的总体积可以为满载排水量的百分之十至百分之二十；该三体船优选的浮体8由玻璃钢制作，鱼雷型，长度为十米，每个浮体8的体积为一点八立方米，浮体8安装在平台4两侧，该三体船在增加临时性载荷而下沉时，浮体8会接触水面提供浮力；该三体船的中部是由矩形钢管焊接成的空间杆系结构1，这些矩形钢管的横截面长一百六十毫米，宽八十毫米，矩形钢管厚六毫米，该矩形钢管在焊接时窄面向船头方向，平台以下露在外面的矩形管外部都粘着特质的流线型塑料外套，还有可供更换的一头尖的塑料外套和两头尖的塑料外套，塑料外套的作用是在三体船前进时，减小阻力，该空间杆系结构1在图4所示空间杆系结构上增加了连接瘦型船体的杆件，这些连接瘦型船体的杆件的一部分伸入瘦型船体内部，与瘦型船体内部钢质的隔舱板焊接在一起，该空间杆系结构1能够承受该三体船在使用时产生的弯曲和扭转力矩。该三体船的下部是三个由钢板经过弯曲、冲压、焊接而成的瘦型船体，该三体船的中船体2水线面比常规三体船的中船体水线面小，该三体船为小水线面三体船。该三体船的中船体2内部由钢板隔成八个水密隔舱，其中设有储物舱、压载水舱、发动机舱、淡水舱、油料舱等，中船体2的储物舱上有一个钢质围壳6伸入驾驶室休息室5，围壳6在驾驶室休息室5内的开口有一个水密舱口盖，该舱口盖就是储物舱的控制装置，围壳6外形为流线型，中船体2内部的压载水舱有管道在水线以下与外界相通，压载水舱通过水泵控制压载水量，该水泵为压载水舱的 控制装置，中船体2内部的淡水舱有水泵和阀门控制与外界相通的管道，该水泵和阀门为淡水舱的控制装置，中船体2内部的油料舱有管道与外界相通，在油料舱管道的出口，有一个密封盖，该密封盖就是油料舱的控制装置，该中船体内部的发动机舱，有一个水密的舱口盖与外界相通，该舱口盖就是发动机舱的控制装置，该舱口盖在该三体船上岸检修时可以打开，该三体船发动机舱内有一台一百五十马力柴油发动机，可带动中船体2后部的螺旋桨，该发动机的进气口和排气口都有管道直通平台以上，该发动机的冷却水进口在船水线以下，冷却水出口在水线以上，该三体船中船体2长十五米，构成中船体的钢板厚八毫米，中船体2正中间横截面面积为一点三五平方，中船体2的体积为十五立方米，侧船体3由五毫米厚钢板冲压、弯曲焊接而成，侧船体3为全封闭的中空结构，每个侧船体3内部由五毫米厚钢板隔成五个密闭的隔舱，侧船体3长十三米，侧船体中间截面面积为零点三平方，单个侧船体3的体积是三立方，空间杆系结构长八米、宽五米，三个瘦型船体到平台的距离为两米，该三体船满载重量十五吨，满载时的重量包括该三体船的重量加上人员物资还有压载水的重量，该三体船在制造时产生的重量误差还有人员物资的重量差别，都可通过压载水调整到十五吨，满载水线9以下船体体积约十五立方米，满载水线9以上三个瘦型船体的密闭空间约六立方米，加上两个浮体8的三点六立方米，该三体船储备浮力约为百分之六十四，该三体船可通过更换不同体积的浮体8，来改变该三体船的储备浮力，该船的满载水线9到驾驶室休息室5底部的距离为二点四米，该三体船在一点八米以下浪高水域可安全航行，该船还在中船体2两侧的空间杆系结构1上，各安装了一台电动船外机，电动船外机的电力由蓄电池提供，电动船外机可协助该三体船转弯。Fig. 5 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of a trimaran of the present invention, Fig. 6 is a schematic rear view of the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 , and Fig. 7 is a schematic top view of the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 . This embodiment is a trimaran of the present invention designed for water lifesaving, water experiments, water breeding care, water leisure fishing and other purposes. The trimaran is designed with ten people on board. The trimaran can be Divided into upper, middle and lower parts, the upper part of the trimaran is the upper level facilities including platform 4, cab lounge 5 and railings. Marine facilities such as life-saving facilities can be installed with different marine facilities according to the purposes of the trimaran. The platform 4 of the ship is to be fixed on the space bar system structure 1 with planks and form. The cab and Rest room is connected as a whole, and the wheelhouse rest room 5 of this ship is made of glass fiber reinforced plastics, and the wheelhouse rest room 5 is fixed on the space bar system structure 1 with screw, and the exits such as the doors and windows of the wheelhouse rest room 5 communicate with the outside world can reach Weathertight, the trimaran installs the superstructure facilities that are afraid of being wetted by water inside the cab lounge 5; the trimaran is equipped with two floating bodies 8 on both sides of the platform, and the floating bodies 8 are fixed to the space bar system by screws. On the structure 1, the floating body 8 can be replaced as required, the shape of the floating body 8 can be a ship type or a torpedo type, and the total volume of the two floating bodies 8 can be 10% to 20% of the full load displacement; the trimaran is preferably The floating body 8 is made of fiberglass, torpedo type, and the length is ten meters. The volume of each floating body 8 is 1.8 cubic meters. The floating body 8 is installed on both sides of the platform 4. When the trimaran sinks with a temporary load , the floating body 8 will contact the water surface to provide buoyancy; the middle part of the trimaran is a space rod structure 1 welded by rectangular steel pipes. The cross-section of these rectangular steel pipes is 160 mm long and 80 mm wide. mm, the rectangular steel pipe is narrowly facing the direction of the bow when welding, and the outside of the rectangular pipe exposed under the platform is covered with a special streamlined plastic jacket, and there are also replaceable plastic jackets at one end and two pointed plastic jackets, plastic The function of the jacket is to reduce the resistance when the trimaran is moving forward. The space rod system structure 1 adds rods connected to the thin hull on the space rod structure shown in Figure 4. The rods connected to the thin hull A part protrudes into the inside of the thin hull and is welded together with the steel bulkhead inside the thin hull. The space bar system structure 1 can withstand the bending and torsion moments generated by the trimaran in use. The lower part of the trimaran is three thin hulls made of steel plates through bending, stamping, and welding. The hull is a small waterplane area trimaran. The interior of the middle hull 2 of the trimaran is divided into eight watertight compartments by steel plates, wherein storage compartments, ballast water tanks, engine compartments, fresh water tanks, oil tanks, etc. are arranged. A steel surrounding shell 6 stretches into the driver's cab lounge 5, and the opening of the surrounding shell 6 in the driver's cab rest room 5 has a watertight hatch cover. This hatch cover is exactly the control device of the storage compartment. Streamlined, the ballast water tank inside the mid-hull 2 has pipes communicating with the outside world below the waterline, the ballast water tank controls the amount of ballast water through a water pump, and the water pump is the control device for the ballast water tank, and the fresh water tank inside the mid-hull 2 There are water pumps and valves to control the pipelines communicating with the outside world. The water pumps and valves are the control devices of the fresh water tank. The oil tank inside the mid-hull 2 has pipelines to communicate with the outside world. There is a sealing cover at the outlet of the oil tank pipeline. The sealing cover It is the control device of the oil tank. The engine compartment inside the hull has a watertight hatch that communicates with the outside world. This hatch is the control device of the engine compartment. Open, there is a 150-horsepower diesel engine in the engine compartment of the trimaran, which can drive the propeller at the rear of the midhull 2. The air intake and exhaust of the engine are piped directly above the platform, and the cooling of the engine The water inlet is below the waterline of the ship, and the cooling water outlet is above the waterline. The midhull 2 of the trimaran is fifteen meters long, and the steel plates forming the midhull are eight millimeters thick. The cross-sectional area of the middle hull 2 is 1.35 square, the volume of the middle hull 2 is fifteen cubic meters, and the side hull 3 is formed by stamping and bending welding of five millimeters thick steel plates. Become five airtight compartments, the side hull 3 is long thirteen meters, and the cross-sectional area in the middle of the side hull is 0.3 square meters, and the volume of a single side hull 3 is three cubic meters, and the space rod system structure is eight meters long, five meters wide, three The distance from a skinny hull to the platform is two meters. The full load weight of the trimaran is 15 tons. The weight when fully loaded includes the weight of the trimaran plus the weight of personnel, materials and ballast water. The weight error generated during manufacturing and the weight difference of personnel and materials can be adjusted to 15 tons through ballast water. The volume of the hull below the full-load waterline 9 is about 15 cubic meters, and the volume of three thin hulls above the full-load waterline 9 The confined space is about 6 cubic meters, plus 3.6 cubic meters of the two floating bodies 8, the reserve buoyancy of the trimaran is about 64%. The trimaran can be changed by replacing the floating bodies 8 with different volumes. The reserve buoyancy of the trimaran, the distance from the fully loaded waterline 9 of the ship to the bottom of the cab lounge 5 is 2.4 meters, and the trimaran can sail safely in wave height waters below 1.8 meters. On the space bar system structure 1 on both sides of the middle hull 2, an electric outboard motor is respectively installed, the electric power of the electric outboard motor is provided by a storage battery, and the electric outboard motor can assist the trimaran to turn.
工业实用性Industrial Applicability
本发明三体船的三个瘦型船体和空间杆系结构，可以分别建造，便于提高造船效率，降低造船成本。The three thin hulls and the space bar system structure of the trimaran of the present invention can be constructed separately, which is convenient for improving shipbuilding efficiency and reducing shipbuilding cost.
序列表自由内容Sequence Listing Free Content
本发明三体船，可以根据需要采用多种形状的瘦型船体，例如穿浪型、小水线面型等；本发明三体船的空间杆系结构在满足强度的要求时，可以采用多种不同结构，上层设施和三个瘦型船体都相同的本发明三体船可以采用不同 的空间杆系结构，本发明三体船的空间杆系结构和瘦型船体可用金属材料制成，也可用复合材料制成；本发明三体船可以根据需要安装现有船舶上的设施。The trimaran of the present invention can adopt thin hulls of various shapes as required, such as wave-piercing type, small waterline surface type, etc.; when the space rod system structure of the trimaran of the present invention meets the requirements of strength, multiple Three different structures, the trimaran of the present invention that the superstructure and three thin hulls are all the same can adopt different space bar system structures, the space bar system structure and the thin hull of the trimaran of the present invention can be made of metal materials, also It can be made of composite materials; the trimaran of the present invention can be installed with facilities on existing ships as required.

Claims (8)

  1. 一种利用三个瘦型船体，通过上部的强力构架连成一体的动力三体船，其特征是：本发明三体船可分为相连接的上中下三部分，上部是上层设施，中部是由杆件连接成的空间杆系结构(1)，下部是三个瘦型船体，中船体(2)有围壳(6)和上层设施相连通，三个瘦型船体与外界相通舱室的出入口有控制装置。A power trimaran that utilizes three thin hulls and is connected as a whole through a strong frame on the upper part. It is a space bar system structure (1) connected by bars, the lower part is three thin hulls, the middle hull (2) is connected with the upper facilities by an enclosure (6), and the three thin hulls communicate with the outside world. There are control devices at the entrance and exit.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述三体船，其特征是：所述三体船能够被波浪冲击到的空间杆系结构(1)的杆件的横截面是前尖后方形或两头尖形或流线形，该杆件在连接时杆件截面尖头所指方向与船头所指方向相同。According to the trimaran according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cross-section of the rods of the space rod system structure (1) that can be impacted by waves on the trimaran is square at the front and pointed at both ends or streamlined Shape, when the rod is connected, the direction pointed by the tip of the cross section of the rod is the same as that pointed by the bow.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述三体船，其特征是：所述三体船的三个瘦型船体的中船体2为小水线面船体。According to the trimaran according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the middle hull 2 of the three thin hulls of the trimaran is a small water plane hull.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述三体船，其特征是：所述三体船的空间杆系结构(1)上安装着两台电动船外机(7)，电动船外机(7)安装在中船体(2)两侧对称位置，中船体(2)内部安装着蓄电池，蓄电池有电源线与两台电动船外机(7)相连，上层设施上有控制两台电动船外机的手柄，手柄的信号线连接电动船外机(7)。According to the trimaran according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: two electric outboard motors (7) are installed on the space bar system structure (1) of the trimaran, and the electric outboard motors (7) are installed in the middle The two sides of the hull (2) are located symmetrically, and batteries are installed inside the middle hull (2). The batteries are connected to the two electric outboard motors (7) by power lines. Connect the signal wire of the electric outboard motor (7).
  5. 根据权利要求1所述三体船，其特征是：本发明三体船在平台的两侧安装着两个细长的船型或鱼雷型浮体(8)，两个浮体(8)的总体积为本发明三体船排水量的百分之十至百分之二十。According to the described trimaran of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the trimaran of the present invention is equipped with two slender ship-shaped or torpedo-type floating bodies (8) on both sides of the platform, and the total volume of the two floating bodies (8) is Ten percent to twenty percent of the displacement of the trimaran of the present invention.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述三体船，其特征是：所述三体船的驾驶室休息室(5)的门、窗等与外界的出入口可以风雨密。According to the trimaran according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the entrances and exits between the doors and windows of the cab lounge (5) of the trimaran and the outside world can be weathertight.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述三体船，其特征是：所述三体船安装着风帆。According to the trimaran according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said trimaran is equipped with sails.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述三体船，其特征是：所述三体船的三个瘦型船体内部由水密舱壁分割成多个水密隔舱。The trimaran according to claim 1, wherein the interior of the three thin hulls of the trimaran is divided into multiple watertight compartments by watertight bulkheads.
PCT/CN2022/123281 2021-10-01 2022-09-30 Trimaran WO2023051789A1 (en)

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CN103818518A (en) * 2014-03-03 2014-05-28 朱晓义 Novel ship body structure
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CN114802586A (en) * 2021-10-01 2022-07-29 孙怡然 Three-body ship

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