WO2023035644A1 - 因应气候变迁水资源调适***的高强度道路 - Google Patents

因应气候变迁水资源调适***的高强度道路 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023035644A1
WO2023035644A1 PCT/CN2022/091725 CN2022091725W WO2023035644A1 WO 2023035644 A1 WO2023035644 A1 WO 2023035644A1 CN 2022091725 W CN2022091725 W CN 2022091725W WO 2023035644 A1 WO2023035644 A1 WO 2023035644A1
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Prior art keywords
structural
road
formwork
water
drainage
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PCT/CN2022/091725
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陈瑞文
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陈瑞文
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Application filed by 陈瑞文 filed Critical 陈瑞文
Priority to IL311273A priority Critical patent/IL311273A/en
Priority to GB2400963.1A priority patent/GB2623677A/en
Priority to KR1020247006421A priority patent/KR20240036098A/ko
Priority to AU2022344215A priority patent/AU2022344215A1/en
Priority to MA64617A priority patent/MA64617A1/fr
Priority to CA3231137A priority patent/CA3231137A1/en
Publication of WO2023035644A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023035644A1/zh
Priority to CONC2024/0002754A priority patent/CO2024002754A2/es

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
    • E03F1/002—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water with disposal into the ground, e.g. via dry wells
    • E03F1/005—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water with disposal into the ground, e.g. via dry wells via box-shaped elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
    • E03F5/10—Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
    • E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C3/00—Foundations for pavings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C3/00—Foundations for pavings
    • E01C3/04—Foundations produced by soil stabilisation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
    • E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
    • E03F3/04—Pipes or fittings specially adapted to sewers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C2201/00—Paving elements
    • E01C2201/20—Drainage details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-strength road for a water resource adjustment system in response to climate change, especially a system with a high-strength structural space constructed underground, and various types of road pavement or permeable pavement or pavements constructed above the structural space. Water-permeable materials are added to provide a high-strength and high-load road surface that can withstand the heavy pressure of vehicles.
  • the traditional permeable pavement needs to prevent rainwater from infiltrating the roadbed and subgrade. It cannot allow rainwater to infiltrate the subgrade. Therefore, drainage facilities must be installed to drain rainwater through drainage ditches. It is a pity that precious water resources cannot be retained. Therefore, designing a new form of road with water permeability and underground structures with high-strength water storage space can be used as a water conservation effect.
  • a series connection between the ground and the ground is designed to be more resistant to heavy pressure, and can withstand tens of tons or more.
  • the main motivation of the present invention is the high-load road repeatedly rolled by 100-ton vehicles, and the system formwork space where the above-ground and underground structural spaces are built together to create a water storage and drainage system.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-strength road for a water resource adjustment system in response to climate change, which is equipped with a hollow unit body that is combined into an underground structure space through concrete grout pouring and solidification, and a permeable pavement or ordinary cement or asphalt is laid above the space Made of asphalt, the underground structure space can be buried under the ground for water storage and drainage. It becomes an artificial road subgrade.
  • the underground reservoir has both the functions of rivers and drainage ditches. , in response to the heavy pressure of vehicles passing by and the erosion of heavy rain on the ground, and the chance of preventing floods and droughts from happening.
  • the high-load, high-strength underground structure space is mainly equipped with reinforced concrete support columns formed in the system formwork to enhance the strength of the road under high load and heavy pressure, and to avoid damage to the road caused by heavy vehicles.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a high-strength road with a water resource adjustment system in response to climate change, which can be applied to roads, airports, parks, squares and parking lots, and can withstand heavy pressure and withstand tens of tons or A high-load pavement repeatedly rolled by a 100-ton vehicle, and a system template space water storage and drainage system that can also build a structural space above and below the ground.
  • the high-strength road of the climate change water resource adjustment system designed by the present invention is formed by setting a hollow unit structure formwork through concrete grout pouring and solidification to form an underground structure space, and then laying a pavement above the underground structure space , the hollow unit body is formed by combining at least one structural formwork and a plurality of side plates; the upper surface of the structural formwork is provided with a plate, and a through hole and at least one through pipe are arranged on the plate, and the structural formwork and the side plates are combined and laid Afterwards, concrete slurry is poured into the structural formwork pipe, and after solidification, an underground structural space with high supporting strength and a water resource adjustment road with storage and drainage systems are formed.
  • the hollow unit body is constructed by combining two upper and lower structural templates and four side panels.
  • the upper and lower structural templates have plates on the upper surface and through holes on the plates. And at least one through pipe, the upper and lower structural formworks are provided with corresponding tenons and mortises around the plates, so that the upper and lower structural formworks of two adjacent units can be spliced together with tenons;
  • the side plate is provided with a through hole, and a buckle structure is provided at the side edge, so that the side plate can be quickly buckled on the outside of the upper and lower structural templates, so as to be built into a hollow body; Concrete grouting, when the two upper and lower structural formworks are combined, the upper and lower side pipes will be combined into a hollow formwork grouting pipe, and concrete grout will be poured into the hollow grouting pipe to form an underground structural space system with high supporting strength .
  • the hollow unit body is covered with non-woven fabric for backfilling with soil or concrete grout.
  • the effective gain of the present invention lies in that when a large amount of rain falls on the road surface, the rainwater can be collected through various permeable pavements or permeable pipes and introduced into the ground, and then further stored in the construction space of the high-strength structural formwork buried under the ground, which can not only effectively prevent the surface
  • the opportunity for floods can also be used to replenish groundwater resources and store and recycle rainwater for subsequent reuse.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the high-strength road of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of a local structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded schematic diagram of the structure of the hollow unit body of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional appearance view of Fig. 3 assembled in the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 a is the enlarged schematic diagram of the partial structure of Fig. 4 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of overlapping extension of structural templates of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 a is the enlarged schematic diagram of the partial structure of Fig. 5 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of laying non-woven fabrics on the upper side before the grouting operation in the duct of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure formwork of the present invention with a hollow pipe column beside the through pipe.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of combining the present invention with a permeable asphalt pavement.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a high-strength road structure completed by pouring concrete slurry into the through pipe of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of drainage in an underground space according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the present invention, where the hollow unit bodies are stacked up and down and the through pipes are connected in series to prepare for pouring concrete grout.
  • Fig. 12 is an exploded schematic diagram of the structure of the upper hollow unit body of the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the lining side plate under the hollow unit structure formwork of the present invention.
  • the present invention is provided with a hollow unit body 30a which is poured and solidified with concrete grout to form an underground structural space 30, and a permeable pavement 10 is laid on the structural space.
  • a permeable pavement 10 is a permeable pavement structure designed by the inventor of this case in the early years with permeable pipes 10a or permeable holes formed by drilling holes, which can quickly guide ground rainwater and store it in the high-supporting underground structure space storage and drainage system of this case. middle.
  • the gravel gradation 20 is laid under the permeable pavement 10, which can quickly receive the rainwater infiltrated from the road surface through the permeable pavement 10, and enter the underground space 30 system equipment to prevent waterlogging.
  • the hollow unit body 30a of the present invention is formed by combining a structural template 31 and a plurality of side plates 32; the upper surface of the structural template 31 is provided with a plate 312, and a through hole is provided on the plate 312 311 and at least one through pipe 33, the plate 312 is provided with a recessed part 313, the structural formwork 31 and the side plate 32 are combined into a hollow unit body, after laying on the roadbed, pour concrete slurry into the through pipe 33, and form a high support structure after solidification Strong underground structural space system.
  • a plurality of corresponding tenons 317 and tenon grooves 318 are provided around the plates 312 of the structural formwork 31, so that the structural formwork 31 of two adjacent hollow units can be tenoned together. spliced together.
  • the side plate 32 is provided with a through hole 321 to provide the side of the hollow unit body 30a to enter the water, and at the same time, the position of the side edge of the buckle groove 319 is provided corresponding to the structural template 31, so as to be provided with a buckle structure, this figure
  • the buckle structure is designed as a hook 322, which can quickly buckle the side plate 32 on the outside of the structural formwork 31 of each unit body 30a, so as to form a hollow body structure.
  • the structure of the structural template 31 is not only provided with a through pipe 33 in the center, but also provided with four hollow pipe columns 314 around the periphery of the through pipe 33 .
  • the through pipe 33 or the hollow pipe column 314 is preferably designed to have a tapered inner wall.
  • the end of each hollow pipe column 314 of the structural template 31 is lined with a side plate 32, so that when facing an uneven bottom surface or When the bottom surface is easy to sag, it will need to be paved, as shown in Figure 13, after the joints are embedded and fixed, the side panels 32 will be provided with lap joints on the sides.
  • a through pipe 33 is provided on the structural formwork 31 to become a hollow formwork grouting pipeline, and under the through pipe 33 or the hollow pipe column 314, the optional Lay sand layer 21 as the case may be, and under sand layer 21 also will select to make base with concrete layer 22 as required, and the through pipe 33 of this hollow grouting pipeline wherein selects and also can cast reinforcing bar 34 as required, as Fig.
  • the interior of the hollow water storage unit 30a can be pre-pierced with a pipe 35 to facilitate the threading and arrangement of related water supply, drainage, electric wires, telephone lines, cable TV fiber optic cables and other pipelines.
  • a hollow unit body 30a is formed by pouring and solidifying concrete grout to form an underground space 30, and then laying a permeable pavement 10 or common cement or asphalt above the water storage space.
  • the pavement 10 adopts the permeable pavement pavement paved with permeable asphalt, and the rainwater is except through the permeable pavement to infiltrate and get rid of accumulated water, so that the rainwater can be collected so that it can be extracted and reused by the pumping equipment 37, as shown in Figure 1 .
  • the drainage function described in the structural space under the road surface of the present invention is planned according to the drainage demand or on any side close to the river channel, and an overflow hole 36 is provided to communicate between the underground space 30 of the present invention and the river channel, through the infiltration of the road surface When the height of the rainwater reaches the overflow hole 36, it is directly discharged, which becomes the same function as the drainage ditch under the road surface.
  • the hollow unit structural formwork of this case is stacked up and down, so that the structural formwork 31 of the hollow unit body 30a
  • the through pipes 33 are connected in series to form a formwork channel for pouring concrete slurry.
  • the concrete solidifies into a concrete support column, and the system formwork is still kept outside to protect the concrete support column from being eroded by water, and also to protect the concrete from oxidation and aging, becoming a deeper and larger concrete support column.
  • the space below the road is a high-intensity groundwater resource adjustment structure space.
  • the hollow unit body 30a under different embodiments of the present invention is changed to be composed of 2 structural templates, including an upper structural template 31a and a lower structural template 31b combined with 4 side plates 32; when combined, make Two of the upper structural formwork 31a and the lower structural formwork 31b with the same structure are symmetrically stacked up and down, and the four side plates 32 are fastened to the surrounding edges of the upper structural formwork 31a and the lower structural formwork 31b to form a structure. Hollow body with space.
  • the design of the present invention has a high-load, high-strength pressure-resistant space under the road surface, and at the same time provides a water storage and drainage system, thereby achieving a large-area water storage and drainage effect in a relatively short period of time, and has the effect of preventing regional flooding and drought.
  • the opportunity also provides rainwater to slowly infiltrate into the underground soil layer to replenish groundwater resources. In this way, it can effectively and quickly drain the ground in a short period of time, recycle rainwater and replenish groundwater.
  • the present invention has the following practical advantages:
  • the underground structural space composed of a structural template form not only has high void ratio and high support, but also has multiple characteristics such as light texture, small size and high reusability, which can make construction more convenient and fast , reduce the construction period, reduce costs, and also have environmental protection effects.
  • the high-strength road of the water resource adjustment system in response to climate change in the present invention is used to construct an underground storage and drainage structural space that has both underground space and high-strength supporting water resource adjustment and utilization benefits, and has industrial advantages.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)

Abstract

一种因应气候变迁水资源调适***的高强度道路，设有中空单元体的结构***模板经混凝土浆灌注凝固结合成地下结构空间，于地下结构空间上方铺设为道路或铺面而成，中空单元体至少设有一片结构模板及多个侧板结合而成；模板上表面设有板片，于板片上设有透孔及至少一通管，当结构***模板与侧板结合铺设后灌注混凝土浆，凝固后形成具有高支撑性强度的地下结构空间；借此，取代如传统道路的排水沟及水沟盖等排水***基础建设，并利用道路预留孔或钻孔洞或透水铺面或由路旁抽排水孔下导雨水后储存于地下空间的储水与排水***，有效的储水防范区域性积水，提供更大的排水空间***，不设置排水沟时则能规划出使道路变得更宽、更安全美观的都市更新容貌，同时作为水资源调适的最佳方法，能防止传统排水沟蚊虫孳生及恶臭，彻底改善传统道路建设带来的环境污染与灾害等。

Description

因应气候变迁水资源调适***的高强度道路 技术领域
本发明一种因应气候变迁水资源调适***的高强度道路，尤指一种建构出地下设有高强度的结构空间***，于结构空间的上方搭配建构各种型态道路铺面或透水性铺面或加设透水材料，兼具能够耐车辆重压的高强度高乘载路面。
背景技术
由于都市不断进步扩张，在各种人为设施大量兴建下，道路面积持续增加，造成集水区逐渐丧失原有的保水能力，导致地表径流量大幅增加，传统道路因不透水造成大量表面径流，也是造成都市内涝的主要原因之一，再加上地球暖化造成气候变迁的冲击，使得各都会地区面临更大的防洪压力，加上传统治水着重在点及线的治水，兴建各种大小型水库及排水沟等设施，极端气候常常突如其来暴雨量降临，传统道路及排水沟无法因应强降雨造成都市内涝，经常产生大面积区域因排水性不良的积水甚至大面积淹水，传统治水的标准及道路建设的标准及观念已经不能因应气候变迁所需。
一般的传统道路，阻绝了水、空气于地面上与地底下自然循环，造成道路区域地下形成缺水、缺氧的「生态沙漠」；传统道路为因应重车行走，必须夯实路基并设置排水沟，因此道路的路基不能含水且无法储水的缺点，因此传统道路无论是一般道路或是透水铺面道路，或是高乘载高流量公路都必须夯实路基，封闭路床防止雨水进入路床或路基，避免造成路基泡水软化坍塌凹陷，造成公安人命损伤。
因此传统透水铺面路面需要非常防范雨水入渗路床及路基，不能允许雨水入渗路基，因此必须设置排水设施将雨水经由排水沟排掉，无法留住珍贵的水资源甚是可惜。故设计一种具透水性且地下建构有高强度储水空间筑体的新形态道路，能作为保水的功效。
传统道路于透水功能及地下储水功能上，传统道路不能全面透水，也不能全面储水，更会造成大量表面径流，也是造成都市内涝的主要原因。
为对抗地球暖化减轻环境负荷及其造成的负面冲击，推动的低冲击开发技术，在推行低冲击开发技术二十多年来都被质疑部分未臻完善，尤其淹水或干旱及高温因地球暖化极端气候影响，有时反而愈来愈严重。推动的低冲击开发技术维护费用非常高，考虑提供一种能永续发展及符合经济效益、方便维护，才是其最大优良条件及诱因，而海绵城市建设构想是一 种在城市中建设防洪防涝并希望能兼具有生态环保功能的新型城市都市计划建设；比如兴建透水路面以代替非透水的路面，下雨时能吸水、蓄水、渗水另外会分别在公园、广场设置地下储水扑满储水等。气候干燥炎热时，能释放水气改善热岛效应，防止地球暖化等情况，海绵城市建设的做法及材料，其中的透水砖透水功能与水扑满储水功能等，一般皆不能承受重压，更不能永续稳固牢靠而适应例如地震摇晃或地面上重车辗压破坏，只能使用在人行道、公园、广场非重车能到之处，以防止重车辗压造成陷落而致公安疑虑。而道路两旁仍旧需要设置排水沟以排放地表面的雨水，因此城市排水沟都容易造成环境污染，而且容易堵塞，也不容易维护干净清洁，排水沟的排水口一旦堵塞垃圾，且于外观上也形成一种视觉上的不美观。
为此，因应搭配地面上各种透水铺面设施的建构，为了有效将所导入地下的雨水能够有效的储存再利用，因此设计一种地上与地下串联能够更耐重压，经得起数十吨或百吨重车辆反复辗压的高乘载道路，达成地上、地下共筑结构空间的***模板空间产生储水排水***，为本发明的主要动机。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的，在于提供一种因应气候变迁水资源调适***的高强度道路，设有中空单元体经混凝土浆灌注凝固结合成地下结构空间，于该空间上方铺设透水铺面或一般水泥或柏油沥青而成，地下结构空间能埋设于地底下作为储水、排水，成为一种人工道路路基的地下水库兼具河流、排水沟功能，储水后有效就地将水资源提供方便再抽取再利用，因应地面上有可能发生车辆行经而重压及大雨的冲刷与防止水旱灾害发生的机会。高承载、高强度的地下结构空间主要设有***模板中所形成增强的混凝土支撑柱，作为增强道路高乘载及受重压的强度，能避免重车行驶对道路造成破坏。
本发明的另一目的，在于提供一种因应气候变迁水资源调适***的高强度道路，能应用在道路、机场、公园、广场及停车场设置，能够更耐重压，经得起数十吨或百吨重车辆反复辗压的高乘载铺面，同时也能在地上与地下共筑结构空间的一种***模板空间储水排水***。
为达上述目的，本发明设计的因应气候变迁水资源调适***的高强度道路中，设有中空单元体结构模板经混凝土浆灌注凝固结合成地下结构空间，再于地下结构空间上方铺设铺面而成，所述中空单元体至少设有一片结构模板及多个侧板结合而成；该结构模板上表面设有板片，于板片上设有透孔及至少一通管，结构模板与侧板结合铺设后于结构模板通管中灌注混凝土浆，凝固后以形成具有高支撑性强度的地下结构空间，具有储、排水***的水资源调 适道路。
于一实施例，所述中空单元体，构造设有2片上、下结构模板及4片侧板结合而成，该上、下结构模板，上表面设有板片，于板片上设有透孔及至少一通管，于上、下结构模板其板片的周围处设有相对应的凸榫及榫槽，使两相邻的单元体其上、下结构模板能相互榫合的拼接在一起；该侧板，板上设有透孔，于侧缘位置设有卡扣结构，供侧板快速的卡扣搭设于上、下结构模板外侧，借以搭设成为一中空体；于中空单元体外部进行混凝土浆灌注，当两上、下结构模板对合时上、下侧通管将对合成为一中空模板灌浆管道，于中空灌浆管道中灌注混凝土浆，形成具有高支撑性强度的地下结构空间***。
于另一实施例，于所述中空单元体外部包覆不织布而进行回填泥土或混凝土浆灌注。
本发明的有效增益在于；当路面大量降雨时，则能通过各种透水铺面或透水管而收集雨水导入地下，再由地底下所埋设的高强度结构模板构造空间进一步储存，不仅能有效防止地表发生水灾的机会，并亦能作为回补地下水资源，将雨水储存回收以利后续再利用。
本发明的其它特点及具体实施例于以下配合附图的详细说明中，进一步了解。
附图说明
图1为本发明高强度道路剖面示意图。
图2为本发明局部构造放大示意图。
图3为本发明中空单元体构造分解示意图。
图4为本发明图3组合后立体外观图。
图4 a为本发明图4的局部构造放大示意图。
图5为本发明结构模板相互搭接延伸示意图。
图5 a为本发明图5的局部构造放大示意图。
图6为本发明通管中灌浆作业前上方铺设不织布示意图。
图7为本发明结构模板于通管旁设中空管柱示意图。
图8为本发明与透水柏油路面结合的示意图。
图9为本发明通管中灌注混凝土浆完成高强度道路结构示意图。
图10为本发明地下空间进行排水示意图。
图11为本发明将中空单元体采上下迭设方式将通管串联后预备灌注混凝土浆作业示意图。
图12为本发明上层中空单元体构造分解示意图。
图13为本发明中空单元体结构模板下衬设侧板示意图。
具体实施方式
参图1、2，本发明设有中空单元体30a经混凝土浆灌注凝固结合成地下结构空间30，于结构空间上方铺设透水铺面10而成。该透水铺面10其中一种为本案发明人早年所设计具有透水管10a或钻孔洞形成透水孔的透水铺面结构，能快速导入地面雨水储存于本案高支撑性强度的地下结构空间储、排水***中。
该透水铺面10下方铺设碎石级配20，能快速接受路面经由透水铺面10下渗的雨水，进入地下空间30***设备中防止内涝产生。
参图3、4、4a，本发明中空单元体30a设有一片结构模板31及多个侧板32结合而成；结构模板31上表面设有板片312，于板片312上设有透孔311及至少一通管33，板片312上设有凹陷部313，结构模板31与侧板32结合成一中空单元体，铺设于路基后于通管33中灌注混凝土浆，凝固后形成具有高支撑性强度的地下结构空间***。
参图5、5a、6，于结构模板31其板片312的周围处更设有多个相对应的凸榫317及榫槽318，使两相邻的中空单元体其结构模板31相互榫合的拼接在一起。
参图3，该侧板32，板上设有透孔321，提供中空单元体30a侧面入水，同时对应于结构模板31设有该扣槽319侧缘位置，为设有卡扣结构，本图卡扣结构设计为卡勾322，能供侧板32快速的卡扣搭设于各单元体30a的结构模板31外侧，借以组成一中空体结构。
参图7，结构模板31构造除中央设有一通管33，并于通管33周缘再设有4支中空管柱314。该通管33或中空管柱314较佳为设计成具锥度的内壁，同时于结构模板31各中空管柱314的端部则衬设侧板32，使当面对不平整底面或是容易软陷的底面时，将需要加以铺衬，如图13所示，相互结合嵌固定位后，于侧边再提供侧板32的搭接扣合。
参图6、8、9，当本发明于组合成中空单元体30a，于结构模板31上设有通管33成为一中空模板灌浆管道，于通管33或中空管柱314下方则选择性视情况铺设沙层21，且于沙层21下也将视需要选择以混凝土层22做打底，该中空灌浆管道的通管33其中视需要选择也能施放钢筋34，如图8，而整个搭组多个中空单元体30a结构体于该通管33灌注混凝土浆时，一体成形于外部包覆不织布30b后循着透孔301灌注入混凝土浆302，因此当混凝土凝结后，该中空灌浆管道内所凝固成的混凝土支撑柱，将会凝固成一高强度筑体，形成类似房屋结构的柱体结构一般；以塑造形成如地底水库一般坚固的筑体设施，建构埋设于地底下，更耐于受到地震的摇晃冲击及大型重车辗压而不受路面塌陷损坏，易于维持路面平坦。
值得一提的是，该中空储水单元体30a内部，更能预先穿设有管道35，以方便相关供水、排水、电线、电话线、有线电视光纤电缆等管线的穿线配设。
参图9，本发明，设有中空单元体30a经混凝土浆灌注凝固结合成地下空间30，再于储水空间上方铺设透水铺面10或一般水泥或柏油沥青而成。其中铺面10当采用透水柏油铺设成的透水铺面路面，雨水除了经由透水铺面下渗排除积水，如此达到雨水的收集以便能利用抽水设备37抽出再利用，如图1所示。
参图10，而本发明路面下结构空间所述的排水功能，则是依排水需求规划或是任何于靠近河道侧，设置溢水孔36连通于本发明地下空间30与河道间，通过路面下渗的雨水高度达溢水孔36时直接排出，成为路面下的排水沟一样功能。
参图11、12，本发明另一实施例，当要增加路面下高强度结构空间储、排水时，将本案的中空单元体结构模板进行上下堆叠，使中空单元体30a其中的结构模板31内通管33串联成一灌注混凝土浆的模板通道，进行灌注后混凝土凝固成混凝土支撑柱，外面仍保有***模板保护混凝土支撑柱避免受水侵蚀，也保护混凝土防止其氧化而老化，成为更深更大的道路下方空间高强度的地下水资源调适结构空间。
如图12，本发明不同的实施例下该中空单元体30a，改变为由2片结构模板，包含上结构模板31a及下结构模板31b与4片侧板32结合而成；当组合时，使构造相同两个该上结构模板31a及下结构模板31b呈上、下相互对称对合堆叠，而4片侧板32扣合于上结构模板31a、下结构模板31b的四周边缘，以搭设成为一具空间的中空体。
本发明所设计的路面下具有高乘载、高强度的耐压空间同时提供具储水、排水***，进而达到较短时间大面积的储水与排水效果，具有防范地区淹水、旱灾发生的机会，也同时提供雨水慢慢下渗至地底土壤层以回补地下水资源，如此即能获得使地面上一短时间有效快速排水并回收雨水及补充地下水的功能。
由上可知，本发明具有如下实用优点：
1、提供道路为中空又高乘载、高强度结构型的地下空间，作为储水、排水防灾***，类似人工地下水库、水道设施，于雨水汛期方便自动蓄水防灾，更能以简便的抽水设备提供地面上后续雨水反复再利用、反复再循环的环保效益，以达到充份储水以及回收雨水资源再利用的功效。
2、利用一种结构性模板形式所拼组成的地下结构空间，不仅具有高空隙率与高支撑性，且质地轻、体积小以及再利用性高等多重特质，能够使在施工方面更加方便、快速，减少施 工期、降低成本、同时亦具环保功效。
3、改善传统道路与水利建设的不协调及防灾与水资源调适，更能化解水旱灾发生的机会，与传统道路容易坍塌的公安事件发生。
4、改善地表径流量，降低水、旱灾害发生的机会，同时亦能回补地下水资源，不仅能达到基地保水目的，更能打造一种确实有效的海绵城市生态环境。
5、改进了传统道路必须夯实路基阻绝水、空气于地上地下无法自然循环的缺点，提供一种更注重防灾与环境生态的设施。
6.改善传统水资源运用及治水以点(例如水库)供水不易，维护困难，经费高等缺点，及线(例如排水沟)需要常常清理维护，又有恶臭，蚊虫、蟑螂、老鼠等造成环境污染的治水缺点。
综上所述，本发明因应气候变迁水资源调适***的高强度道路，借以建构一种同时兼具地下空间与高强度支撑性的水资源调适利用效益的地下储、排水结构空间，具有产业上利用的价值，依法提出专利申请，以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，当不能以此限定本发明实施的范围；故，凡依本发明申请专利范围及发明说明书内容所作的简单的等效变化与修饰，皆应仍属本发明专利涵盖的范围内。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种因应气候变迁水资源调适***的高强度道路，设有中空单元体结构模板经混凝土浆灌注凝固结合成地下结构空间，于地下结构空间上方铺设铺面而成，其特征在于：所述中空单元体至少设有一片结构模板及多个侧板结合而成；该结构模板上表面设有板片，于板片上设有透孔及至少一通管，结构模板与侧板结合铺设后于结构模板通管中灌注混凝土浆，凝固后以形成具有高支撑性强度的地下结构空间，具有储、排水***的水资源调适道路。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的因应气候变迁水资源调适***的高强度道路，其特征在于：所述中空单元体该结构模板，于其板片的周围处设有相对应的凸榫及榫槽，使两相邻的单元体其结构模板能相互榫合的拼接在一起；该侧板，板上设有透孔，于侧缘位置设有卡扣结构。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的因应气候变迁水资源调适***的高强度道路，其特征在于：所述中空单元体，构造设有2片上、下结构模板及4片侧板结合而成。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的因应气候变迁水资源调适***的高强度道路，其特征在于：其中结构模板的板片于通管周缘设有中空管柱。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的因应气候变迁水资源调适***的高强度道路，其特征在于：其中该结构模板于板片顶部四周设有扣槽，且该侧板于侧缘位置所设的卡扣结构设为卡勾。
PCT/CN2022/091725 2021-09-10 2022-05-09 因应气候变迁水资源调适***的高强度道路 WO2023035644A1 (zh)

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