WO2023024326A1 - 一种高空逃生背包及其绳索可回收式缓降器 - Google Patents
一种高空逃生背包及其绳索可回收式缓降器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023024326A1 WO2023024326A1 PCT/CN2021/136716 CN2021136716W WO2023024326A1 WO 2023024326 A1 WO2023024326 A1 WO 2023024326A1 CN 2021136716 W CN2021136716 W CN 2021136716W WO 2023024326 A1 WO2023024326 A1 WO 2023024326A1
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- hub
- rope
- main shaft
- guide
- plane
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 20
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- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000001624 hip Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
- A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
- A62B1/08—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys
- A62B1/10—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys mechanically operated
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
- A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
- A62B1/18—Other single parts for rope lowering-devices, e.g. take-up rollers for ropes, devices for shooting ropes
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of escape equipment, and in particular relates to a high-altitude escape backpack and a retractable rope descending device thereof.
- the existing slow-descent escape equipment does not limit the exit position of the rope, resulting in poor balance and low safety of the slow-descent escape equipment; and the current slow-descent escape equipment cannot be recovered in time after work, and can only be used by a single person. And in high-rise buildings, it is impossible for everyone to configure them individually, therefore, this defect of the escape device limits its popularization and application, and increases the cost of use.
- a rope retrievable descending device comprising
- the hub is rotatably mounted on the fixed frame and is used for winding the rope;
- a fixing groove is arranged on the hub and is used for fixing the end of the rope
- a guide mechanism for guiding the rope is also provided on the fixed frame, and the guide mechanism includes a first roller set and a second roller set, and the first roller set and the second roller set are vertically arranged; the first roller set and the second roller set are vertically arranged;
- the roller set is composed of two first guide rollers arranged in parallel;
- the second roller set is composed of two second guide rollers arranged in parallel, and the second guide roller for rope winding is rotatably sleeved with a bushing ;
- the distance between the inner walls on one side is L1
- the distance between the axis of the first guide roller on the side away from the user and the inner wall on the side of the fixing frame close to the user is L2, wherein
- the inner wall of the hub is provided with a first damping part
- the centrifugal block is provided with a second damping part matched with the first damping part
- the plane coincident with the axis of the hub is used as the first reference plane, so as to
- the first reference plane is used as a section of the centrifugal deceleration mechanism.
- the angle formed by the waists on both sides of the first damping part is ⁇
- the angle formed by the side walls on both sides of the second damping part is ⁇ , where ⁇ ⁇ 1.2 ⁇ .
- side plates are provided on both sides of the hub; a braking device is installed on the fixing frame to cooperate with the side plates to brake the hub; a battery for powering the braking device is installed on the fixing frame.
- the main shaft is associated with the guide rod through a one-way clutch assembly to drive the guide rod to rotate in one direction;
- the one-way clutch assembly includes a one-way bearing sleeved on the main shaft and a one-way bearing sleeved on the one-way bearing.
- the inner ring of the one-way bearing is engaged with the main shaft in anti-rotation, and the outer ring of the one-way bearing is engaged with the collar in anti-rotation, and the end of the guide rod facing the main shaft is connected with the collar.
- two sets of one-way clutch assemblies are provided, and two guide rods are matched with the same centrifugal block, and the two guide rods correspond to two sets of one-way clutch assemblies; and/or the main shaft A first enlarged diameter portion is provided on the top, and the one-way bearings of the two sets of one-way clutch assemblies are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first enlarged diameter portion.
- a baffle is provided at the end of the collar away from the first diameter-expanding part, and screws/bolts are used to pass through one of the baffles, two collars and the other baffle in turn and then fixed by bolts; and/or the An elastic piece is sheathed on the guide rod, and one end of the elastic piece is connected with the outer circumference of the collar, and the other end is connected with the centrifugal block.
- the mass of the storage battery is set to m1
- the mass of the braking device is set to m2
- the plane perpendicular to the axis of the hub is taken as the second reference plane
- the straight line intersecting and perpendicular to the axis of the hub is set as the first reference line R1
- the projection point of the center of the smallest spherical surface that can completely cover the battery on the second reference plane is E1
- the vertical distance from E1 to the first reference line R1 is L4
- the center of the smallest spherical surface that can completely cover the brake device is at
- the projected point on the second datum plane is E2
- the transmission mechanism includes a ring gear arranged on the inner wall of the hub, a plurality of planetary gears respectively meshing with the ring gear, and a sun gear sleeved on the main shaft and engaged with the main shaft to prevent rotation.
- the gear meshes with multiple planetary gears simultaneously.
- the present invention also discloses a high-altitude escape backpack, including the rope retrievable descending device described in any one of the above, and the high-altitude escape backpack also includes:
- the strap is connected with the backpack and is used for binding on the user;
- the embedded part is set on the building body and is used to connect the free end of the rope or the descending device.
- the rope is positioned to limit the position of the rope, ensuring the balance of the descending device, thereby improving safety.
- the distance between the position where the rope is pulled out from the descending device and the user is controlled to reduce the user's inclination angle when descending, thereby ensuring the balance of the user when descending with the descending device ;
- the main shaft is associated with the guide rod through the one-way clutch assembly to drive the guide rod to rotate in one direction.
- the rotating power of the hub and the main shaft will not be transmitted to the guide rod. , thereby avoiding frictional contact between the rotation of the centrifugal block and the inner wall of the hub, ensuring the rotation speed of the hub when the rope is recovered, so that the rope can be recovered quickly, so that the descending device can be used repeatedly by multiple people, reducing the use cost and improving the promotion ability.
- Fig. 1 is a perspective view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view from another angle of view of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of FIG. 1 .
- Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the centrifugal deceleration mechanism in Fig. 3 .
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view at point A in FIG. 4 .
- Fig. 6 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the cooperation between the centrifugal block and the hub in Fig. 4 .
- FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the first and second damping parts in FIG. 1 .
- Fig. 8 is a projection view of the hub and the bushing in Fig. 1 on the same reference plane.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the transmission mechanism in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the mount in FIG. 1 .
- Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the brake device installed on the slow descender in Fig. 1 .
- Fig. 13 is a perspective view of the installation and driving mechanism of the slow descender in Fig. 1 .
- FIG. 14 is an exploded view of FIG. 12 .
- Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the moment arm of the braking device and the storage battery.
- Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the moment arm of the braking device and the battery when the descender is in a tilted state.
- a high-altitude escape backpack includes a descending device 10, a strap for binding on the user and a backpack connected with the strap;
- the descending device 10 includes a fixed frame 11 and a hub 12 and a centrifugal deceleration mechanism 20;
- the fixed frame 11 is connected and fixed, and is connected with a backpack or a strap;
- the hub 12 is rotatably mounted on the fixed frame 11, and the hub 12 is set as a cylindrical structure for winding ropes;
- the centrifugal reduction mechanism 20 is associated with the hub 12 and used to limit the rotation speed of the hub 12 .
- the knapsack and straps form a structure similar to a knapsack, and the descending device 10 is fixed in the knapsack, and the free end of the rope is pulled out from the knapsack, and the free end of the rope is connected with the rope grab installed on the building body; of course , in other embodiments, the braces can be directly connected with the descending device 10 to be used alone; in the specific operation of this embodiment, during the descending process of the user wearing the straps, the descending device 10 descends synchronously with the user.
- the slow descender 10 can be used separately from the strap, and the slow descender 10 is fixed on the embedded part of the building, and the strap is connected to the free end of the rope. , during the descending process of the user wearing the harness, the free end of the rope descends synchronously with the user.
- the centrifugal deceleration mechanism 20 includes a main shaft 21, a one-way clutch assembly 22, a guide rod 23, a centrifugal block 24 and an elastic member 25;
- the hub 12 rotates around the main shaft 21, and drives the main shaft 21 to rotate through the transmission mechanism 30;
- the centrifugal block 24 is provided with a plurality of Two centrifugal blocks 24 are arranged at intervals along the main shaft 21, and the centrifugal blocks 24 move towards the direction away from the main shaft 21 under the action of centrifugal force; one end of the guide rod 23 is pierced through the centrifugal block 24, so that the centrifugal block 24 can slide along the guide rod 23, and the guide rod
- the other end of 23 is connected with the main shaft 21 through the one-way clutch assembly 22, thereby driving the centrifugal block 24 to rotate; the same centrifugal block 24 is connected with two guide rods 23, so that the centrifugal block 24 is connected with two guide rods 23, so that the centrifugal block 24
- the one-way clutch assembly 22 drives the guide rod 23 to rotate, and then drives the main shaft 21 to rotate synchronously.
- the centrifugal block 24 leans against the inner wall of the hub 12 under the action of centrifugal force. The greater the centrifugal force, the greater the pressure between the centrifugal block 24 and the hub 12, and the greater the friction between it and the hub 12, so that the centrifugal block 24 decelerates the hub 12, so that the hub 12 keeps rotating at a constant speed;
- the main shaft is associated with the guide rod 23 through the one-way clutch group 22 to drive the guide rod 23 to rotate in one direction.
- the one-way clutch assembly 22 may be a ratchet transmission mechanism, a one-way clutch or other one-way transmission mechanisms.
- the number of centrifugal blocks 24 in this embodiment is set to two, and the two centrifugal blocks 24 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the main shaft 21, and the two centrifugal blocks 24 compensate each other to achieve a better balance, and the deceleration effect is good.
- the inner wall of the hub 12 is provided with a first damping portion 121
- the first damping portion 121 is a protruding ring formed on the inner wall of the hub 12 along the circumferential direction of the hub 12, the The cross-section of the first damping part 121 is set as an isosceles trapezoid;
- the second damping part 241 matched with the first damping part 121 is provided on the said centrifugal block 24, and the second damping part 241 is formed along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the hub 12
- the cross-section of the second damping portion 241 is also set as an isosceles trapezoid, and the minimum width of the second damping portion 241 is smaller than the minimum width of the first damping portion 121;
- the first damping portion The side wall of 121 is in frictional contact with the side wall of the second damping part 241 , which increases the contact area between the centr
- the plane coincident with the axis of the hub is used as the first reference plane, and the first reference plane is used as the section of the centrifugal reduction mechanism.
- both sides of the first damping part 121 The included angle formed by the waist is ⁇ , and the included angle formed by the side walls on both sides of the second damping portion 241 is ⁇ , wherein ⁇ 1.2 ⁇ ; preferably, ⁇ 1.1 ⁇ ; optimally, ⁇ ⁇ 1.05 ⁇ ; ensure that the first damping part 121 is in close contact with the second damping part 241 to improve the damping effect; and limit the maximum value of ⁇ to prevent the first damping part 121 and the second damping part 24 under the same centrifugal force.
- ⁇ is set to 60°, correspondingly, 60° ⁇ 72°; preferably, 60° ⁇ 66°; optimally, 60° ⁇ 63°.
- the plane coincident with the axis of the hub is used as the first reference plane, and the first reference plane is used as the section of the centrifugal reduction mechanism.
- the waist of the first damping part 121 The distance between the edge and the side wall of the second damping part is d, wherein 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 3mm; preferably, 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 2mm; optimally, 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 1mm; so that the wheel hub 12 is in a static state or the rope is retracted In this state, there is a distance between the centrifugal block 24 and the inner wall of the wheel hub, so as to prevent the wheel hub from receiving the damping effect of the centrifugal block in the state of receiving the rope and affecting the speed of receiving the rope; A damping part quickly cooperates to ensure the corresponding speed.
- the second damping portion 241 is provided with an inner groove 242 toward one end of the main shaft 21 , the cross section of the inner groove 242 is set in a “U” shape, and communicates with the second damping portion 241
- the inner groove 242 is set, when the first damping portion 121 is in close contact with the second damping portion 241, part of the air in the second damping portion 241 is pressed into the inner groove 242, preventing the air in the second damping portion 241 from being completely
- the negative pressure is formed by extrusion to suck the first damping part 121 and the second damping part 241 tightly, so as to ensure that the centrifugal block 24 can return to the original position under the action of the elastic member 25 after stopping the rotation.
- the first damping portion 121a is an annular groove formed on the inner wall of the hub 12a along the circumferential direction of the hub 12a
- the second damping portion 241a is formed on the centrifugal wall along the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the hub 12a.
- the arc block on the outer periphery of the block 24a, the side wall of the first damping part 121a is in frictional contact with the side wall of the second damping part 241a, which increases the contact area between the centrifugal block 24a and the inner wall of the hub 12a.
- the one-way clutch assembly 22 is provided with two groups, and the two guide rods 23 connected to the same centrifugal block 24 correspond to the two sets of one-way clutch assemblies 22;
- the clutch assembly includes a one-way bearing 221 and a collar 222.
- the one-way bearing 221 is commercially available, and its structure will not be described in detail.
- the one-way bearing 221 is set on the main shaft 21, and the inner ring of the one-way bearing 221 It is connected with the main shaft 21 through a key to prevent rotation;
- the main shaft 21 is provided with a first enlarged diameter part 211, and the one-way bearings 221 of the two sets of one-way clutch assemblies 22 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first enlarged diameter part 211, thereby
- the one-way bearing 221 can be quickly positioned on the main shaft 21, and the assembly efficiency is high;
- the collar 222 is sleeved on the one-way bearing 221, and is connected with the outer ring of the one-way bearing 221 by a key to prevent rotation.
- a one-way bearing 221 is set so that the main shaft 21 can only drive the collar 222 to rotate in one direction.
- the collar 222 rotates, and then the guide rod 23 drives the centrifugal block 24 to rotate, and the centrifugal block 24 presses against the inner wall of the wheel hub 12 to decelerate the wheel hub 12 under the action of centrifugal force; characteristics, the state of the collar 222 will not be affected by the main shaft 21, to ensure that the hub 12 will not be decelerated by the centrifugal block 24 when the rope is recovered, and to improve the efficiency of rope recovery.
- two collars 222 are respectively provided with baffles 223 at the ends away from the first enlarged diameter portion 211 , and screws 224 are used to sequentially install one of the baffles 223 , the two collars 222 and the other.
- the baffle plate 223 is fixed by a nut behind the baffle plate 223.
- the inner diameter of the one-way bearing 221 is smaller than the outer diameter of the one-way bearing 221, so that the baffle 223 at least partially abuts against one end of the one-way bearing 221, so that the baffle 223 cooperates with the first enlarged diameter portion 211 to limit the one-way bearing 221.
- the hub 12 is provided with two support rings 13, and the support rings 13 are respectively installed on the main shaft 21 through bearings, so as to adapt to the working condition that there is a difference in speed between the main shaft 21 and the hub 12, And the two supporting rings 13 and the hub 12 enclose a cavity, and the centrifugal reduction mechanism 20 is installed in the cavity.
- the transmission mechanism 30 includes a ring gear 31, a planetary gear 32 and a sun gear 33; Integral structure; the planetary gear 32 is provided with a plurality, and the plurality of planetary gears 32 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the ring gear 31, and mesh with the ring gear 31 respectively, and the planetary gear 32 is installed on the fixed frame 11 through a connecting shaft above; the central gear 33 is sleeved on the main shaft 21, and is connected with the main shaft 21 through a key to prevent rotation, and the central gear 33 and a plurality of planetary gears 32 are meshed at the same time; the hub 12 rotates, and the power transmission through the transmission mechanism Drive the main shaft 21 to rotate, the rotation direction of the main shaft 21 is opposite to the rotation direction of the wheel hub 12, the main shaft 21 drives the centrifugal block 24 to rotate, and then the rotation direction of the centrifugal block 24 is opposite to the rotation direction of the wheel hub
- the fixed frame 11 includes two support plates 111 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hub 12 and a plurality of connecting columns connecting the two support plates 111 respectively, so that the fixed frame 11 is arranged into two parts structure to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the hub 12; specifically, the connecting columns include a first connecting column 1121 and a second connecting column 1122, and the support plate 111 is symmetrically provided with two first connecting columns near the direction of the rope exit of the hub 12 1121, the first connecting column 1121 not only plays the role of connecting, but also restricts the rope, so as to facilitate the winding of the rope; the support plate 111 is provided with a second connecting column 1122 in the direction away from the hub 12, and the second connecting The diameter of the column 1122 is larger than that of the first connecting column 1121, and the second connecting column 1122 can be hung on the embedded parts of the building body, so as to fix the descender 10, and the user connects the free end of the rope to descend.
- the connecting columns include a first connecting column 1121 and
- the fixed frame 11 is also provided with a guiding mechanism for guiding the rope, the guiding mechanism includes a first roller set 41 and a second roller set 42, the first The set of rollers 41 and the second set of rollers 42 are vertically arranged to locate the ropes; the first set of rollers 41 is composed of two first guide rollers 411 arranged in parallel, and a supply rail is provided between the two first guide rollers 411.
- the gap through which the rope passes; the second roller set 42 is composed of two second guide rollers 421 arranged in parallel, and a shaft sleeve 422 is rotatably sleeved on the second guide roller 421 for the rope to be wound, and the shaft sleeve Between 422 and another second guide roller 421, there is a gap for the rope to pass through.
- the outer diameter of the shaft sleeve 422 is greater than that of all the guide rollers, which increases the bending radius of the rope and reduces the damage of the rope.
- the rope is especially obvious, and the bending force of the rope is also reduced, and the rope is retracted and released more smoothly.
- the plane coincident with the axis of the hub is used as the first reference plane, and the first reference plane is used as the section of the centrifugal reduction mechanism.
- the first guide on the side away from the user is L1
- the distance between the axis of the first guide roller away from the user side and the support plate near the user side is L2, wherein L1:L2 is 1: 1.5-1.8; preferably, L1:L2 is 1:1.6-1.7; optimally, L1:L2 is 1:1.72; by limiting the relationship between L1 and L2, the distance between the position where the rope is pulled out from the descent device and the user is controlled. The distance between them reduces the user's inclination angle when descending, thereby ensuring the balance when the user carries the descending device 10 when descending.
- the diameter of the side plate 15 is set as D1
- the diameter of the sleeve is set as D2
- the plane perpendicular to the axis of the hub is used as the second reference plane
- the axis of the sleeve is at the second reference plane
- the projection point above is the first reference point C1
- the projection point of the hub axis on the second reference plane is the second reference point C2, where the length of the line connecting C1 and C2 is L3, (0.54-0.6)*(D1+ D2)>L3>0.5(D1+D2); preferred, (0.56-0.58)*(D1+D2)>L3>0.5(D1+D2); optimal, 0.57*(D1+D2)>L3> 0.5(D1+D2); while ensuring the bending radius of the rope, the distance between the guide mechanism and the hub 12 is reduced to make the structure compact, thereby reducing the overall space occupied by the descender 10.
- both ends of the second guide roller 421 are rotatably connected to the support plates 111 respectively, and the first guide roller 411 group is installed between the two support plates 111 through the mounting seat 412 .
- the mounting seat 412 is composed of two subsections 4121 of the same shape connected end to end, and is fixed by fastening screws.
- the first guide roller 411 is installed between the two subsections 4121, so that the second guide roller 421 and the first guide roller 411 is vertical to limit the position of the rope, and the first and second guide rollers are easy to install in this installation method.
- side plates 15 are installed on both sides of the hub 12, and the side plates 15 and the outer wall of the hub 12 form a wire groove, and the ropes are wound in the wire grooves to facilitate rope retraction. winding, and limit the rope wound on the hub 12; the hub 12 is also provided with a fixing groove 121 for fixing the end of the rope, so as to facilitate the fixed connection of the rope.
- the rope is made of steel wire, nylon, plastic or carbon fiber material, and the rope is wrapped with a fireproof layer or made of added fireproof material.
- the present embodiment is steel wire.
- the rope has been treated with fire prevention and can withstand high temperatures above 1000 degrees to improve safety.
- a backpack board 16 is installed on one side of the support board 111 , and the backpack board 16 is provided with a plurality of connection holes 161 that can be connected with a backpack or a strap, and the connection method is simple.
- a brake device 51 is installed on the side support plate 111 away from the backpack board 16, and the brake device 51 is purchased, and its structure will not be described in detail.
- the brake device 51 and the side plate 15 Cooperate with the brake hub 12, so that after the user descends to a non-dangerous floor height, the brake device 51 can restrict the rotation of the hub 12, and then quickly escape.
- a storage battery 52 electrically connected to the braking device 51 is installed on the side support board 111 away from the backpack board 16 for powering the braking device 51 .
- a drive mechanism 60 associated with the main shaft 21 to drive the rotation of the main shaft 21 is installed on the side support plate 111 away from the backpack board 16, and then through the main shaft 21 through the transmission mechanism 30 Drive the wheel hub 12 to rotate to recover the rope, so that the slow descender 10 returns to the initial state, which is convenient for reuse;
- the driving mechanism 60 includes a first bevel gear 61, a second bevel gear 62, a transmission case 63, a motor 64 and a motor seat 65
- the first bevel gear 61 is sheathed on the main shaft 21, and is connected with the main shaft 21 through a key to prevent rotation;
- the second bevel gear 62 meshes with the first bevel gear 61 and is connected to the output shaft of the motor 64;
- the outer diameter of the first bevel gear 61 is larger than the outer diameter of the second bevel gear 62, so that the main shaft 21 obtains a higher rotational speed and ensures the efficiency of the hub 12 to recover the rope;
- the transmission case 63 is installed on the
- the mass of the battery 52 is set to m1
- the mass of the braking device 51 is set to m2
- the plane perpendicular to the axis of the hub 12 is used as the second reference plane, so as to intersect and be perpendicular to the axis of the hub 12
- the straight line is the first reference line R1
- the projection point of the center of the smallest spherical surface that can completely cover the storage battery 52 on the second reference plane is E1
- the vertical distance from E1 to the first reference line R1 is L4, so that it can completely cover the storage battery 52.
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Abstract
一种高空逃生背包及其绳索可回收式缓降器,包括固定架(11);轮毂(12),可转动安装于所述固定架(11)上,用于缠绕绳索;固定槽(121),设于所述轮毂(12)上,用于固定绳索端部;所述固定架(11)上还设置有用于对绳索进行导向的导向机构,所述导向机构包括第一辊组(41)和第二辊组(42),该第一辊组(41)和第二辊组(42)相垂直设置;所述第一辊组(41)由两根平行设置的第一导向辊(411)构成;所述第二辊组(42)由两根平行设置的第二导向辊(421)构成,并且供绳索折绕的第二导向辊(421)上可转动套设有轴套(422)。该缓降器通过设置第一辊组(41)和第二辊组(42),对绳索进行定位以限制出绳位置,保证缓降器的平衡性,从而提高安全性。
Description
本发明属于逃生设备技术领域,尤其是涉及一种高空逃生背包及其绳索可回收式缓降器。
目前,城市化建设的步伐越来越快,城市用地的紧张致使高层楼房越来越多,在高楼层发生火灾等灾难危情时,人们撤离事故现场的方式十分有限,而且危险系数很高,在此背景下,诞生了高楼层缓降逃生设备,然而目前的缓降逃生设备的减速机构,存在可靠性低、缓降效果不佳,使得缓降逃生设备的安全性能较低,如果使用可能会带来极其严重的后果。
现有的缓降逃生设备并未对绳索的出口位置进行限定,导致缓降逃生设备的平衡性差,使用安全性低;并且目前的缓降逃生设备工作后无法及时回收,只能单人使用。而高层建筑中,不可能人人都单独配置,因此,逃生器的这种缺陷限制了其推广和应用,增加了使用成本。
发明内容
本发明为了克服现有技术的不足,提供一种绳索可回收缓降器及采用该缓降器的高空逃生背包。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:一种绳索可回收式缓降器,包括
固定架;
轮毂,可转动安装于所述固定架上,用于缠绕绳索;
固定槽,设于所述轮毂上,用于固定绳索端部;
所述固定架上还设置有用于对绳索进行导向的导向机构,所述导向机构包括第一辊组和第二辊组,该第一辊组和第二辊组相垂直设置;所述第一辊组由两根平行设置的第一导向辊构成;所述第二辊组由两根平行设置的第二导向辊构成,并且供绳索折绕的第二导向辊上可转动套设有轴套;以与轮毂轴线重合的平面作为第一基准面,以该第一基准面作离心减速机构的截面,在此截面上,远离使用者一侧的第一导向辊的轴线与固定架远离使用者一侧的内壁之间的距离为L1,远离使用者一侧的第一导向辊的轴线与固定架靠近使用者一侧的内壁之间的距 离为L2,其中L1:L2为1:1.5-1.8。
可选的,所述轮毂内壁上设有第一阻尼部,所述离心块上设有与第一阻尼部相配合的第二阻尼部,以与轮毂轴线重合的平面作为第一基准面,以该第一基准面作离心减速机构的截面,在此截面上,第一阻尼部两侧腰边形成的夹角为α,第二阻尼部两侧侧壁形成的夹角为β,其中β≤α≤1.2β。
可选的,所述轮毂的两侧设置有有侧板;所述固定架上安装有与侧板配合以制动轮毂得到刹车装置;所述固定架上设有用于为刹车装置供电的蓄电池。
可选的,还包括与所述轮毂相关联以限制所述轮毂的转动速度的离心减速机构,该离心减速机构包括穿设于所述轮毂且可转动设于所述固定架上的主轴、多个沿主轴圆周方向设置的导杆、可滑动套设于所述导杆的离心块,所述轮毂通过传动机构驱动主轴旋转;当主轴带动导杆转动时,离心块在离心力的作用下与轮毂内壁摩擦配合;所述固定架上还设有与所述主轴相关联以驱动主轴转动的驱动机构,该驱动装置包括设于所述固定架上的传动机箱、设于传动机箱内且与主轴止转配合的第一锥齿轮、设于传动机箱内且与第一锥齿轮啮合的第二锥齿轮、用于驱动第二锥齿轮转动的电机,所述电机通过电机座安装于固定架上。
可选的,所述主轴通过单向离合组件与导杆相关联以驱动导杆单向转动;该单向离合组件包括套设于所述主轴的单向轴承及套设于所述单向轴承的套环,所述单向轴承的内圈与主轴止转配合,且该单向轴承的外圈与套环止转配合,所述导杆朝向主轴一端与套环相连。
可选的,所述单向离合组件设有两组,且与同一离心块配合有两根所述导杆,两根导杆与两组单向离合组件一一对应;和/或所述主轴上设有第一扩径部,两组单向离合组件的单向轴承对称设于第一扩径部两侧。
可选的,所述套环远离第一扩径部一端设有挡板,利用螺钉/螺栓依次穿过其中一个挡板、两个套环及另一个挡板后由螺栓固定;和/或所述导杆上套设有弹性件,所述弹性件一端与套环外周相接,另一端与离心块相接。
可选的,所述轮毂的两侧设置有侧板;将侧板的直径设为D1,轴套的直径设为D2,以垂直于轮毂轴线的平面为第二基准面,以轴套轴线在第二基准面上的投影点为第一基准点C1,以轮毂轴线在第二基准面上的投影点为第二基准点C2,以C1与C2连线的长度为L3,其中(0.54-0.6)*(D1+D2)>L3>0.5(D1+D2)。
可选的,所述蓄电池的质量设为m1,刹车装置的质量设为m2,以垂直于轮毂轴线的平面为第二基准面,以与轮毂轴线相交且竖直的直线为第一基准线R1,以能完全包覆蓄电池的最小球面的中心在第二基准面上的投影点为E1,E1至第一基准线R1的垂直距离为L4,以能完全包覆刹车装置的最小球面的中心在第二基准面上的投影点为E2,E2至第一基准线R1的垂直距离为L5,其中m1*L4=(0.8-1.2)m2*L5;和/或当缓降器整体处于倾斜状态时,以经过主轴轴线且竖直设置的平面为第三基准面,以能完全包覆蓄电池的最小球面的中心在第三基准面上的投影点为E3,以能完全包覆刹车装置的最小球面的中心在第三基准面上的投影点为E4,以轮毂轴线在第三基准面上的投影与E3E4连线的交点为E5,以经过E5且水平的直线为第二基准线R2,E3至第二基准线R2的垂直距离为L6,E4至第二基准线R2的垂直距离为L7,其中m1*L6=(0.8-1.2)m2*L6。
可选的,所述传动机构包括设于所述轮毂内壁上的齿圈、多个分别与齿圈啮合的行星齿轮、套设于所述主轴且与主轴止转配合的中心齿轮,所述中心齿轮与多个行星齿轮同时啮合。
本发明还公开了一种高空逃生背包,包括如上述任一项所述的绳索可回收式缓降器,该高空逃生背包还包括:
背包,所述缓降器安装于背包内;
背带,与背包相连,用于绑缚在使用者身上;
预埋件,设置于楼体上,用于连接绳索自由端或缓降器。
综上所述,本发明的有益效果如下:
1、通过设置第一辊组和第二辊组,对绳索进行定位以限制出绳位置,保证缓降器的平衡性,从而提高安全性。
2、通过设置轴套,增加了绳索的折弯半径,减少绳索的损坏,对于钢制绳索尤其明显,也降低了绳索的折弯受力,绳索收放更加顺畅;
3、通过限定L1与L2的关系,控制绳索由缓降器拉出位置与使用者之间的间距,减小使用者在下降时的倾斜角度,进而保证使用者携带缓降器下降时平衡性;
4、设置离心块与轮毂配合,当离心块通过导杆随主轴转动时,离心块在离心力的作用下与轮毂内壁摩擦配合,进而调整轮毂运转时的转速,可靠性高,且 缓降效果好,提高安全性能;
5、主轴通过单向离合组件与导杆相关联以驱动导杆单向转动,当需要对绳索进行回收时,因单向离合组件的特性,轮毂和主轴转动的动力并不会传递至导杆,进而避免离心块转动与轮毂内壁发生摩擦接触,保证绳索回收时轮毂的转速,使得绳索可以快速回收,从而缓降器可以供重复供多人使用,降低使用成本,提高推广能力。
图1为本发明实施例一的立体图。
图2为图1另一视角的立体图。
图3为图1的部分剖视结构图。
图4为图3中离心减速机构的剖视图。
图5为图4中A处的放大图。
图6为图4中离心块与轮毂配合的部分结构示意图。
图7为图1中第一、第二阻尼部的另一实施方式的结构示意图。
图8为图1中轮毂和轴套在同一基准面上的投影图。
图9为图1中传动机构的结构示意图。
图10为图1中安装座的剖视图。
图11为图1中轮毂的立体图。
图12为图1中缓降器安装刹车装置的立体图。
图13为图1中缓降器安装驱动机构的立体图。
图14为图12的***图。
图15为刹车装置和蓄电池的力臂示意图。
图16为缓降器处于倾斜状态下刹车装置和蓄电池的力臂示意图。
为了使本技术领域的人员更好的理解本发明方案,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述。
如图1-3所示,一种高空逃生背包,包括缓降器10、用于绑缚在使用者身上的背带及与背带连接的背包;所述缓降器10包括固定架11、轮毂12及离心减速机构20;所述固定架11连接固定,并与背包或背带连接;所述轮毂12可 转动安装在固定架11上,该轮毂12设为圆筒结构,用于缠绕绳索;所述离心减速机构20与轮毂12相关联,用于限制轮毂12的转动速度。
本实施例中背包和背带形成类似双肩背包结构,缓降器10固定在背包内,绳索的自由端由背包中拉出,且绳索的自由端与安装在楼体上的抓绳器连接;当然,于其他实施例中,所述背带可以与缓降器10直接连接以单独使用;本实施例下具体操作时,穿戴有背带的使用者下降过程中,缓降器10随使用者同步下降。
当然,于其他实施例中,缓降器10可与背带分开使用,将缓降器10固定在楼体的预埋件上,并将背带与绳索的自由端连接,本实施例下具体操作时,穿戴有背带的使用者下降过程中,绳索自由端随使用者同步下降。
参考图3-5,在一些实施例中,所述离心减速机构20包括主轴21、单向离合组件22、导杆23、离心块24及弹性件25;所述主轴21两端分别可转动设于固定架11上,且该主轴21的轴线与轮毂12的中心线重合,所述轮毂12绕主轴21转动,并通过传动机构30带动主轴21回转;所述离心块24设有多个,多个离心块24沿主轴21间隔设置,离心块24在离心力的作用朝向远离主轴21方向移动;所述导杆23一端穿设于离心块24,使得离心块24可沿导杆23滑动,导杆23另一端通过单向离合组件22与主轴21连接,从而带动离心块24转动;同一个离心块24连接有两根导杆23,使得离心块24在滑动过程中不会出现卡死的情况,运行更加平稳;所述弹性件25设为弹簧,套设于导杆23,且位于离心块24与单向离合组件22之间,设置弹性件25,支撑离心块24,使得弹性件在静止状态下能够托起离心块,使得多个离心块24初始状态下与主轴21之间的间距保持一致,保证多个离心块24位置状态改变的同步性,且弹性件25与离心块24所受离心力共同作用调节离心块24与轮毂12之间的摩擦力;当离心块随主轴转动时,离心块所受的离心力能够克服弹性件的回复力与轮毂内壁接触,进而调整轮毂12运转时的转速;并且当离心块停止转动后,离心块在弹簧回复力的作用下回复初始位置。
主轴21转动时,通过单向离合组件22带动导杆23转动,进而驱动主轴21同步转动,离心块24在离心力的作用下顶靠在轮毂12内壁上,主轴21旋转速度越快,离心块24所受离心力越大,离心块24与轮毂12之间的压力越大,进 而其与轮毂12的之间的摩擦力越大,从而离心块24对轮毂12进行减速,使得轮毂12保持匀速转动;并且主轴通过单向离合组22件与导杆23相关联以驱动导杆23单向转动,当需要对绳索进行回收时,因单向离合组件22的特性,轮毂12和主轴21转动的动力并不会传递至导杆23,进而避免离心块24转动与轮毂12内壁发生摩擦接触,保证绳索回收时轮毂12的转速,使得绳索可以快速回收,从而缓降器10可以供重复供多人使用,降低使用成本,提高推广能力。
当然,于其他实施例中,所述单向离合组件22可以是棘轮传动机构、单向离合器或者其他的单向传动机构均可。
优选的,本实施例中离心块24的数量设为两个,两个离心块24相对主轴21对称设置,两个离心块24相互补偿已达到更好的平衡,减速效果好。
参考图4和图5,在一些实施例中,所述轮毂12内壁上设有第一阻尼部121,该第一阻尼部121为沿轮毂12圆周方向形成于轮毂12内壁上的凸环,该第一阻尼部121的截面设为等腰梯形;所述离心块24上设有与第一阻尼部121相配合的第二阻尼部241,该第二阻尼部241为沿轮毂12内壁圆周方向形成于离心块24外周上的弧槽,该第二阻尼部241的截面同样设为等腰梯形,且第二阻尼部241的最小宽度小于第一阻尼部121的最小宽度;所述第一阻尼部121侧壁与第二阻尼部241侧壁摩擦接触,增大离心块24与轮毂12内壁的接触面积,提高离心块24对轮毂12的减速效果。
在如图5所示,一些实施例中,以与轮毂轴线重合的平面作为第一基准面,以该第一基准面作离心减速机构的截面,在此截面上,第一阻尼部121两侧腰边形成的夹角为α,第二阻尼部241两侧侧壁形成的夹角为β,其中β≤α≤1.2β;优选的,β≤α≤1.1β;最优的,β≤α≤1.05β;保证第一阻尼部121与第二阻尼部241紧密接触,提高阻尼效果;并且限定α的最大值,防止在离心块24在受同等离心力的作用下,第一阻尼部121与第二阻尼部241过度卡紧导致两者之间的摩擦力过大,避免轮毂12运转过程中出现卡顿现象,保证轮毂12经离心块24减速后最终能够匀速运转。于本实施例中,β设为60°,相应的,60°≤α≤72°;优选的,60°≤α≤66°;最优的,60°≤α≤63°。
如图6所示,在一些实施例中,以与轮毂轴线重合的平面作为第一基准面,以该第一基准面作离心减速机构的截面,在此截面上,第一阻尼部121的腰边与 第二阻尼部侧壁之间的间距为d,其中0≤d<3mm;优选的,0≤d<2mm;最优的,0≤d<1mm;使得在轮毂12静止状态或收绳状态下,离心块24与轮毂内壁之间具有间距,避免收绳状态下轮毂收到离心块的阻尼作用影响收绳速度;另外,此间距下离心块受离心力作用能够使得第二阻尼部与第一阻尼部快速配合,保证相应速度。
参考图4和图5,在一些实施例中,所述第二阻尼部241朝向主轴21一端设有内槽242,该内槽242截面设为“U”形,且与第二阻尼部241连通;设置内槽242,当第一阻尼部121与第二阻尼部241紧密接触时,第二阻尼部241内的部分空气被压入至内槽242,避免第二阻尼部241内的空气被完全挤出而形成负压将第一阻尼部121和第二阻尼部241吸紧,保证离心块24在停止转动后可以在弹性件25的作用下恢复初始位置。
当然,参考图7,于其他实施例中,所述第一阻尼部121a为沿轮毂12a圆周方向形成于轮毂12a内壁上的环槽,第二阻尼部241a为沿轮毂12a内壁圆周方向形成于离心块24a外周上的弧块,所述第一阻尼部121a侧壁与第二阻尼部241a侧壁摩擦接触,增大离心块24a与轮毂12a内壁的接触面积。
参考图3和图4,在一些实施例中,所述单向离合组件22设有两组,与同一离心块24连接的两根导杆23和两组单向离合组件22一一对应;该离合组件包括单向轴承221及套环222,所述单向轴承221为市面购买得到,其结构不在赘述,该单向轴承221套设于主轴21上,且所述单向轴承221的内圈与主轴21通过键连接以止转配合;所述主轴21上设有第一扩径部211,两组单向离合组件22的单向轴承221对称设于第一扩径部211两侧,从而单向轴承221可以在主轴21上快速定位,装配效率高;所述套环222套设于单向轴承221,且与单向轴承221的外圈通过键连接以止转配合,所述导杆23朝向套环222一端与套环222螺接;设置单向轴承221,使得主轴21只能带动套环222单向转动,当绳索拉出时,主轴21正向转动,通过单向轴承221带动套环222转动,进而导杆23驱动离心块24转动,离心块24在离心力作用下顶靠轮毂12内壁以对轮毂12减速;当绳索回收时,主轴21反向转动,因单向轴承221的特性,套环222的状态不会受主轴21影响,保证绳索回收时轮毂12不会受离心块24的减速作用,提高绳索回收效率。
参考图4,在一些实施例中,两个套环222远离第一扩径部211一端分别设有挡板223,并且采用螺钉224依次其中其中一个挡板223、两个套环222及另一个挡板223后由螺母固定,在对两个挡板223进行固定的同时,使得两个套环222同步运动,提高离心块24的稳定性;并且该挡板223设为环状,挡板223的内径小于单向轴承221的外径,使得挡板223至少部分与单向轴承221一端抵靠,从而挡板223与第一扩径部211配合对单向轴承221进行限位。
参考图3,在一些实施例中,所述轮毂12上设置有两个支撑环13,该支撑环13分别通过轴承安装于主轴21上,以适应主轴21和轮毂12存在转速差的工况,并且两个支撑环13与轮毂12合围成以空腔,所述离心减速机构20安装与空腔内。
参考图3、图4和图9,在一些实施例中,所述传动机构30包括齿圈31、行星齿轮32及中心齿轮33;所述齿圈31设于轮毂12内壁上,与轮毂12设为一体结构;所述行星齿轮32设有多个,多个行星齿轮32沿齿圈31的圆周方向间隔布置,且分别与齿圈31啮合,该行星齿轮32通过一连接轴安装于固定架11上;所述中心齿轮33套设于主轴21上,与主轴21通过键连接以止转配合,且该中心齿轮33和多个行星齿轮32同时啮合;轮毂12转动,通过该传动机构的动力传递带动主轴21旋转,主轴21的转动方向和轮毂12的转动方向相反,主轴21带动离心块24旋转,进而使得离心块24的旋转方向与轮毂12的旋转方向相反,从而离心块24对轮毂12起减速作用。
参考图1,在一些实施例中,所述固定架11包括两个对称设于轮毂12两侧的支板111和多个分别连接两个支板111的连接柱,将固定架11设置成分体结构,方便轮毂12的拆装;具体的,所述连接柱包括第一连接柱1121及第二连接柱1122,所述支板111靠近轮毂12的出绳方向对称设有两根第一连接柱1121,该第一连接柱1121既起到连接的作用,也对绳索起限制作用,方便绳索缠绕;所述支板111远离轮毂12的出绳方向设置有第二连接柱1122,且第二连接柱1122的直径大于第一连接柱1121的直径,该第二连接柱1122可悬挂于楼体的预埋件上,从而将缓降器10固定,使用者连接绳索的自由端以下降。
参考图1-3,在一些实施例中,所述固定架11上还设置有用于对绳索进行导向的导向机构,所述导向机构包括第一辊组41和第二辊组42,该第一辊组41 和第二辊组42相垂直设置,对绳索进行定位;所述第一辊组41由两根平行设置的第一导向辊411构成,两根第一导向辊411之间设有供绳索穿过的间隙;所述第二辊组42由两根平行设置的第二导向辊421构成,并且供绳索折绕的第二导向辊421上可转动套设有轴套422,并且轴套422与另一个第二导向辊421之间设有供绳索穿过的间隙,该轴套422的外径大于所有导向辊的外径,增加了绳索的折弯半径,减少绳索的损坏,对于钢制绳索尤其明显,也降低了绳索的折弯受力,绳索收放更加顺畅。
参考图3,在一些实施例中,以与轮毂轴线重合的平面作为第一基准面,以该第一基准面作离心减速机构的截面,在此截面上,远离使用者一侧的第一导向辊的轴线与远离使用者一侧的支板的距离为L1,远离使用者一侧的第一导向辊的轴线与靠近使用者一侧的支板的距离为L2,其中L1:L2为1:1.5-1.8;优选的,L1:L2为1:1.6-1.7;最优的,L1:L2为1:1.72;通过限定L1与L2的关系,控制绳索由缓降器拉出位置与使用者之间的间距,减小使用者在下降时的倾斜角度,进而保证使用者携带缓降器10下降时平衡性。
参考图8,在一些实施例中,将侧板15的直径设为D1,轴套的直径设为D2,以垂直于轮毂轴线的平面为第二基准面,以轴套轴线在第二基准面上的投影点为第一基准点C1,以轮毂轴线在第二基准面上的投影点为第二基准点C2,其中C1与C2连线的长度为L3,(0.54-0.6)*(D1+D2)>L3>0.5(D1+D2);优选的,(0.56-0.58)*(D1+D2)>L3>0.5(D1+D2);最优的,0.57*(D1+D2)>L3>0.5(D1+D2);在保证绳索折弯半径的同时,减小导向机构与轮毂12之间的距离,使得结构紧凑,从而减小缓降器10整体所占的空间。
参考图15,在一些实施例中,所述第二导向辊421的两端分别与支板111可转动连接,第一导向辊411组通过安装座412安装于两个支板111之间,该安装座412由两个形状相同的分部4121首尾连接构成,并通过紧固螺钉固定,第一导向辊411安装于两个分部4121之间,从而使得第二导向辊421与第一导向辊411垂直,对绳索进行限位,并且此安装方式下第一、第二导向辊安装便捷。
参考图11,在一些实施例中,所述轮毂12的两侧安装有侧板15,所述侧板15与所述轮毂12外壁构成线槽,所述绳索缠绕在线槽中,方便绳索收放缠绕,并对缠绕于轮毂12上的绳索进行限位;所述轮毂12上还设置固定绳索端部的固 定槽121,方便绳索固定连接。
在一些实施例中,所述绳索为钢丝、尼龙、塑料或碳纤维材料制成,所述绳索外包裹有防火层或添加防火材料制成。本实施例为钢丝。所述绳索经过防火处理,能够耐1000度以上高温,提高安全性。
参考图12,在一些实施例中,其中一侧的支板111上安装有背包板16,该背包板16上安装有多个可与背包或背带连接的连接孔161,连接方式简单。
参考图12,在一些实施例中,远离背包板16的一侧支板111上安装有刹车装置51,该刹车装置51为购买得到,其结构不再赘述,所述刹车装置51与侧板15配合以制动轮毂12,从而使用者在下降至无危险的楼层高度后,可通过刹车装置51限制轮毂12的转动,进而快速逃生。其中远离背包板16的一侧支板111上安装有与刹车装置51的电连接的蓄电池52,用于为刹车装置51供电。
参考图13和图14,在一些实施例中,远离背包板16的一侧支板111上还安装有与主轴21相关联以驱动主轴21转动的驱动机构60,进而通过主轴21通过传动机构30带动轮毂12转动以回收绳索,使得缓降器10恢复到初始状态,方便重复利用;所述驱动机构60包括第一锥齿轮61、第二锥齿轮62、传动机箱63、电机64及电机座65;所述第一锥齿轮61套设于主轴21,且与主轴21通过键连接以止转配合;所述第二锥齿轮62与第一锥齿轮61啮合,且与电机64的输出轴连接;所述第一锥齿轮61的外径大于第二锥齿轮62的外径,从而使得主轴21获得更高的转速,保证轮毂12回收绳索的效率;所述传动机箱63安装于支板111上,并与支板111合围成传动腔,对第一、第二锥齿轮进行保护,所述电机64的输出轴至少部分伸入传动腔内与第二锥齿轮62连接;所述电机座65安装于支板111上,用于固定电机64;其中蓄电池52安装于支板111或电机64上,该蓄电池52分别同时为刹车装置51和电机64供电。
参考图15,在一些实施例中,蓄电池52的质量设为m1,刹车装置51的质量设为m2,以垂直于轮毂12轴线的平面为第二基准面,以与轮毂12轴线相交且竖直的直线为第一基准线R1,以能完全包覆蓄电池52的最小球面的中心在第二基准面上的投影点为E1,E1至第一基准线R1的垂直距离为L4,以能完全包覆刹车装置51的最小球面的中心在第二基准面上的投影点为E2,E2至第一基准线R1的垂直距离为L5,其中m1*L4=(0.8-1.2)m2*L5,优选的, m1*L4=(0.9-1.1)m2*L5,最优的,m1*L4=m2*L5;通过设置蓄电池52和刹车装置51的安装位置,使得蓄电池52和刹车装置51因偏离轮毂12轴线产生的力矩相互抵消,提高缓降器整体的平衡性。
参考图16,当缓降器整体处于倾斜状态时,以经过主轴轴线R0且竖直设置的平面为第三基准面,以能完全包覆蓄电池52的最小球面的中心在第三基准面上的投影点为E3,以能完全包覆刹车装置51的最小球面的中心在第三基准面上的投影点为E4,以轮毂轴线在第三基准面上的投影与E3E4连线的交点为E5,以经过E5且水平的直线为第二基准线R2,E3至第二基准线R2的垂直距离为L6,E4至第二基准线R2的垂直距离为L7,其中m1*L6=(0.8-1.2)m2*L6,优选的,m1*L6=(0.9-1.1)m2*L7,最优的,m1*L6=m2*L7;通过设置蓄电池52和刹车装置51的安装位置,调整缓降器在使用时的倾斜角度,且提高缓降器整体的平衡性。
以上所述的实施方式,并不构成对该技术方案保护范围的限定。任何在上述实施方式的精神和原则之内所作的修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在该技术方案的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
- 一种绳索可回收式缓降器,其特征在于:包括固定架(11);轮毂(12),可转动安装于所述固定架(11)上,用于缠绕绳索;固定槽(121),设于所述轮毂(12)上,用于固定绳索端部;所述固定架(11)上设置有用于对绳索进行导向的导向机构,所述导向机构包括第一辊组(41)和第二辊组(42),该第一辊组(41)和第二辊组(42)相垂直设置;所述第一辊组(41)由两根平行设置的第一导向辊(411)构成;所述第二辊组(42)由两根平行设置的第二导向辊(421)构成,并且供绳索折绕的第二导向辊(421)上可转动套设有轴套(422);以与轮毂轴线重合的平面作为第一基准面,以该第一基准面作离心减速机构的截面,在此截面上,远离使用者一侧的第一导向辊(411)的轴线与固定架(11)远离使用者一侧的内壁之间的距离为L1,远离使用者一侧的第一导向辊(411)的轴线与固定架(11)靠近使用者一侧的内壁之间的距离为L2,其中L1:L2为1:1.5-1.8。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种绳索可回收式缓降器,其特征在于:所述轮毂(12)的两侧设置有有侧板(15);所述固定架(11)上安装有与侧板(15)配合以制动轮毂(12)得到刹车装置(51);所述固定架(11)上设有用于为刹车装置(51)供电的蓄电池(50)。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种绳索可回收式缓降器,其特征在于:还包括与所述轮毂(12)相关联以限制所述轮毂(12)的转动速度的离心减速机构(20),该离心减速机构(20)包括穿设于所述轮毂(12)且可转动设于所述固定架上的主轴(21)、多个沿主轴(21)圆周方向设置的导杆(23)、可滑动套设于所述导杆(23)的离心块(24),所述轮毂(12)通过传动机构(30)驱动主轴(21)旋转;当主轴(21)带动导杆(23)转动时,离心块(24)在离心力的作用下与轮毂(12)内壁摩擦配合;所述固定架上还设有与所述主轴(21)相关联以驱动主轴(21)转动的驱动机构(60),该驱动装置(60)包括设于所述固定架(11)上的传动机箱(63)、设于传动机箱(63)内且与主轴(21)止转配合的第一锥齿轮61、设于传动机箱(63)内且与第一锥齿轮(61)啮合的第二锥齿轮(62)、用于驱动第二锥齿轮(62)转动的电机(64),所述电机(64)通过电机座(65)安 装于固定架(11)上。
- 根据权利要求3所述的一种绳索可回收式缓降器,其特征在于:所述主轴(21)通过单向离合组件(22)与导杆(23)相关联以驱动导杆(23)单向转动;该单向离合组件(22)包括套设于所述主轴(21)的单向轴承(221)及套设于所述单向轴承(221)的套环(222),所述单向轴承(221)的内圈与主轴(21)止转配合,且该单向轴承(221)的外圈与套环(222)止转配合,所述导杆(23)朝向主轴(21)一端与套环(222)相连。
- 根据权利要求4所述的一种绳索可回收式缓降器,其特征在于:所述单向离合组件(22)设有两组,且与同一离心块(24)配合有两根所述导杆(23),两根导杆(23)与两组单向离合组件(22)一一对应;和/或所述主轴(21)上设有第一扩径部(211),两组单向离合组件(22)的单向轴承(221)对称设于第一扩径部(211)两侧;
- 根据权利要求5所述的一种绳索可回收式缓降器,其特征在于:所述套环(222)远离第一扩径部(211)一端设有挡板(223),利用螺钉/螺栓依次穿过其中一个挡板(223)、两个套环(222)及另一个挡板(223)后由螺栓固定;和/或所述导杆(23)上套设有弹性件(25),所述弹性件(25)一端与套环(222)外周相接,另一端与离心块(24)相接。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种绳索可回收式缓降器,其特征在于:所述轮毂(12)的两侧设置有侧板(15);将侧板(15)的直径设为D1,轴套(422)的直径设为D2,以垂直于轮毂(12)轴线的平面为第二基准面,以轴套(422)轴线在第二基准面上的投影点为第一基准点C1,以轮毂(12)轴线在第二基准面上的投影点为第二基准点C2,以C1与C2连线的长度为L3,其中(0.54-0.6)*(D1+D2)>L3>0.5(D1+D2)。
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种绳索可回收式缓降器,其特征在于:所述蓄电池(52)的质量设为m1,刹车装置(51)的质量设为m2,以垂直于轮毂(12)轴线的平面为第二基准面,以与轮毂(12)轴线相交且竖直的直线为第一基准线R1,以能完全包覆蓄电池(52)的最小球面的中心在第二基准面上的投影点为E1,E1至第一基准线R1的垂直距离为L4,以能完全包覆刹车装置(51)的最小球面的中心在第二基准面上的投影点为E2,E2至第一基 准线R1的垂直距离为L5,其中m1*L4=(0.8-1.2)m2*L5;和/或当缓降器整体处于倾斜状态时,以经过主轴轴线且竖直设置的平面为第三基准面,以能完全包覆蓄电池(52)的最小球面的中心在第三基准面上的投影点为E3,以能完全包覆刹车装置(51)的最小球面的中心在第三基准面上的投影点为E4,以轮毂(12)轴线在第三基准面上的投影与E3E4连线的交点为E5,以经过E5且水平的直线为第二基准线R2,E3至第二基准线R2的垂直距离为L6,E4至第二基准线R2的垂直距离为L7,其中m1*L6=(0.8-1.2)m2*L6。
- 根据权利要求3所述的一种绳索可回收式缓降器,其特征在于:所述传动机构包括设于所述轮毂(12)内壁上的齿圈(31)、多个分别与齿圈(31)啮合的行星齿轮(32)、套设于所述主轴(21)且与主轴(21)止转配合的中心齿轮(33),所述中心齿轮(33)与多个行星齿轮(32)同时啮合。
- 一种高空逃生背包,其特征在于:包括如权利要求1-8任一项所述的绳索可回收式缓降器,该高空逃生背包还包括:背包,所述缓降器安装于背包内;背带,与背包相连,用于绑缚在使用者身上。预埋件,设置于楼体上,用于连接绳索自由端或缓降器。
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US20060017047A1 (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2006-01-26 | Trever Calver | Powered rope climbing apparatus |
CN102281923A (zh) * | 2008-09-19 | 2011-12-14 | 安全降落技术有限公司 | 跌落保护*** |
WO2014080092A2 (fr) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-05-30 | Peltier Marcel José | Dispositif ralentisseur, pour la descente de charge lourde |
CN108404306A (zh) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-08-17 | 台州市洛克赛工具有限公司 | 一种智能逃生背包 |
CN208003273U (zh) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-10-26 | 南阳及时星应急救援装备有限公司 | 一种单减速缓降装置 |
CN209575549U (zh) * | 2018-03-02 | 2019-11-05 | 台州市洛克赛工具有限公司 | 一种智能逃生背包 |
CN113117270A (zh) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-07-16 | 深圳市聚龙聚安科技有限公司 | 一种缓降速度可控的高楼逃生背包 |
CN113559429A (zh) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-10-29 | 金华捷科工具有限公司 | 一种高空逃生背包及其绳索可回收式缓降器 |
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2021
- 2021-08-23 CN CN202110966956.7A patent/CN113559429A/zh not_active Withdrawn
- 2021-12-09 WO PCT/CN2021/136716 patent/WO2023024326A1/zh unknown
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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GB2057871A (en) * | 1979-07-31 | 1981-04-08 | Bloder H | Life saving equipment for roping down persons |
US4359139A (en) * | 1979-07-31 | 1982-11-16 | Hans Bloder | Lifesaving apparatus for roping down persons |
CN2566880Y (zh) * | 2002-12-03 | 2003-08-20 | 哈尔滨市圣利达消防科技有限公司 | 往复式缓降器 |
US20060017047A1 (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2006-01-26 | Trever Calver | Powered rope climbing apparatus |
CN102281923A (zh) * | 2008-09-19 | 2011-12-14 | 安全降落技术有限公司 | 跌落保护*** |
WO2014080092A2 (fr) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-05-30 | Peltier Marcel José | Dispositif ralentisseur, pour la descente de charge lourde |
CN208003273U (zh) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-10-26 | 南阳及时星应急救援装备有限公司 | 一种单减速缓降装置 |
CN108404306A (zh) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-08-17 | 台州市洛克赛工具有限公司 | 一种智能逃生背包 |
CN209575549U (zh) * | 2018-03-02 | 2019-11-05 | 台州市洛克赛工具有限公司 | 一种智能逃生背包 |
CN113117270A (zh) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-07-16 | 深圳市聚龙聚安科技有限公司 | 一种缓降速度可控的高楼逃生背包 |
CN113559429A (zh) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-10-29 | 金华捷科工具有限公司 | 一种高空逃生背包及其绳索可回收式缓降器 |
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