WO2023017596A1 - Dispositif d'antenne - Google Patents

Dispositif d'antenne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023017596A1
WO2023017596A1 PCT/JP2021/029707 JP2021029707W WO2023017596A1 WO 2023017596 A1 WO2023017596 A1 WO 2023017596A1 JP 2021029707 W JP2021029707 W JP 2021029707W WO 2023017596 A1 WO2023017596 A1 WO 2023017596A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
conductor
antenna device
antenna
axial direction
frequency
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2021/029707
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
拓弥 宮坂
寛明 坂本
英俊 牧村
研悟 西本
泰弘 西岡
良夫 稲澤
Original Assignee
三菱電機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to JP2022520389A priority Critical patent/JP7090830B1/ja
Priority to PCT/JP2021/029707 priority patent/WO2023017596A1/fr
Publication of WO2023017596A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023017596A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/44—Resonant antennas with a plurality of divergent straight elements, e.g. V-dipole, X-antenna; with a plurality of elements having mutually inclined substantially straight portions
    • H01Q9/46—Resonant antennas with a plurality of divergent straight elements, e.g. V-dipole, X-antenna; with a plurality of elements having mutually inclined substantially straight portions with rigid elements diverging from single point

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to an antenna device.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses an antenna structure in which an antenna device combines a bow-tie antenna serving as an excitation element and a non-excitation loop antenna surrounding it.
  • the non-excited loop antenna is resonated, so the usable frequency band is limited. Therefore, in the antenna structure disclosed in Patent Document 1, there is a problem that high bidirectional directivity cannot be obtained over a wide frequency band.
  • the present disclosure has been made to solve the above problems, and aims to provide an antenna device capable of obtaining high two-way directivity over a wide frequency band.
  • An antenna device includes a first conductor that forms a ground plane, and a length dimension in a first axial direction that contacts the surface of the first conductor and is parallel to the surface of the first conductor. a second conductor; and a third conductor disposed between the first conductor and the second conductor and connected to a surface of the first conductor via a feeding point; The conductor has an opening surface orthogonal to the first axial direction.
  • high bidirectional directivity can be obtained over a wide frequency band.
  • FIG. 1 is a front perspective view showing the configuration of an antenna device according to Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the configuration of an antenna device according to Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 1 is a front view showing the configuration of an antenna device according to Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. It is a front perspective view showing the configuration of a conventional antenna device.
  • 1 is a plan view showing the configuration of a conventional antenna device;
  • FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram comparing the antenna device according to Embodiment 1 and a conventional antenna device;
  • 6A is a diagram showing the current amplitude and current phase of model 1 corresponding to the configuration of the antenna device according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 6B is a diagram showing the current amplitude and current phase of model 2 corresponding to the configuration of the conventional antenna device.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a radiation pattern on the XY plane in model 1 and a radiation pattern on the XY plane in model 2;
  • 1 is a front perspective view showing the configuration of an antenna device to which the operating principle of a waveguide is applied;
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the configuration of an antenna device to which the operating principle of a waveguide is applied;
  • FIG. 1 is a front view showing the configuration of an antenna device to which the operating principle of a waveguide is applied;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the electric field intensity in the Y-axis direction in a TE10 mode excitation conductor; It is a figure which shows the directivity of an antenna device.
  • FIG. 12A is a diagram showing directivity in the XY plane in the antenna device.
  • FIG. 12B is a diagram showing directivity in the ZX plane in the antenna device. It is a figure which shows the electric field distribution of an antenna device.
  • FIG. 13A is a diagram showing the electric field distribution on the aperture plane of the second conductor of the antenna device.
  • FIG. 13B is a diagram showing the electric field distribution on the aperture plane of the second conductor of the antenna device.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram comparing the directional gain of the antenna device according to Embodiment 1 and the directional gain of a conventional antenna device; 4 is a front view showing another configuration of the antenna device according to Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the frequency characteristics of the directional gain of the antenna device when the length of the second conductor is changed stepwise;
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing frequency characteristics of radiation efficiency of the antenna device when the width of the second conductor in the antenna device according to Embodiment 2 is changed stepwise;
  • FIG. 11 is a front perspective view showing the configuration of an antenna device according to Embodiment 3;
  • FIG. 11 is a front view showing the configuration of an antenna device according to Embodiment 3; It is a figure which shows the relationship between a reflection coefficient and a frequency.
  • FIG. 20A is a diagram corresponding to the specified low-power radio.
  • FIG. 20B is a diagram corresponding to Wi-Fi.
  • FIG. 4 shows the current distribution in the second conductor;
  • FIG. 21A is a current distribution diagram when the resonance frequency is 928 MHz.
  • FIG. 21B is a current distribution diagram when the resonance frequency is 2.484 GHz.
  • FIG. 12 is a front perspective view showing another configuration of the antenna device according to Embodiment 3;
  • FIG. 11 is a front perspective view showing still another configuration of the antenna device according to Embodiment 3;
  • FIG. 12 is a front perspective view showing the configuration of an antenna device according to Embodiment 4;
  • FIG. 12 is a front view showing the configuration of an antenna device according to Embodiment 4; It is a figure explaining the outline
  • 4 is a diagram showing directions of currents flowing through the antenna device according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 12 is a front perspective view showing the configuration of an antenna device according to Embodiment 5;
  • Embodiment 1 An antenna device 10 according to Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 16. FIG.
  • FIG. 1 is a front perspective view showing the configuration of the antenna device 10 according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the configuration of the antenna device 10 according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a front view showing the configuration of the antenna device 10 according to Embodiment 1.
  • the front-rear direction of the antenna device 10 is indicated by an arrow in the X-axis direction, and the left-right direction (or width direction) is indicated by the Y-axis direction.
  • the height direction is indicated by an arrow in the Z-axis direction. Each arrow points in the positive direction.
  • the X-axis direction constitutes the first axis direction
  • the Y-axis direction constitutes the second axis direction.
  • the antenna device 10 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 includes a first conductor 11, a second conductor 12, a third conductor 13, and a feeding point .
  • the first conductor 11 is a ground plane that extends infinitely on the XY plane. Note that the first conductor 11 may be a ground plane that extends finitely on the XY plane.
  • the second conductor 12 is formed, for example, by bending a flat metal plate downward on both left and right sides. Therefore, the second conductor 12 has left and right side wall portions 12a and 12b and a top plate portion 12c. Also, the second conductor 12 has two opening surfaces 12d orthogonal to the X-axis direction. These opening surfaces 12d are formed in a rectangular shape.
  • the side wall portion 12a is arranged on the left side of the antenna device 10 when viewed from the front.
  • the side wall portion 12b is arranged on the right side when viewed from the front of the antenna device 10 .
  • the lower ends of the side walls 12 a and 12 b are in contact with the surface of the first conductor 11 .
  • the top plate portion 12c is arranged parallel to the first conductor 11 and is not in contact with the first conductor 11 .
  • the length dimension of the second conductor 12 is the length L.
  • the width dimension of the second conductor 12 is the width W.
  • the height dimension of the second conductor 12 is height H.
  • the third conductor 13 is formed in a linear shape extending in the Z-axis direction. This third conductor 13 is covered with the second conductor 12 . Also, the third conductor 13 is arranged between the first conductor 11 and the second conductor 12 . The upper end of the third conductor 13 is not in contact with the top plate portion 12 c of the second conductor 12 .
  • the feeding point 14 is for exciting the third conductor 13 .
  • This feeding point 14 connects the surface of the first conductor 11 and the lower end of the third conductor 13 . Also, the feeding point 14 is arranged at the center of the second conductor 12 on the XY plane.
  • the operating principle of the array antenna is used for the lower frequency band, and the operating principle of the waveguide is used for the higher frequency band.
  • the operating principle of the antenna device 10 is not completely divided into the above two operating principles, but the operating principle of the array antenna is dominated by the lower frequency band, and the higher frequency band is guided. It is to be dominant in the operating principle of the wave tube.
  • the low-side frequency band is the 920 MHz frequency band corresponding to the specified low-power radio
  • the high-side frequency band is the 2.4 GHz frequency band corresponding to Wi-Fi.
  • FIG. 4 the principle of operation of an array antenna applied to the frequency band on the low frequency side will be explained using FIGS. 4 to 6.
  • FIG. 4 the principle of operation of an array antenna applied to the frequency band on the low frequency side will be explained using FIGS. 4 to 6.
  • the antenna device 10 shown in FIG. 1 by supplying power to the feeding point 14 , a current flows through the third conductor 13 and an electromagnetic field is generated from the third conductor 13 .
  • This electromagnetic field couples with the second conductor 12 so that current also flows in the second conductor 12 . Therefore, the side walls 12a and 12b in contact with the first conductor 11 and the third conductor 13 form a three-element array.
  • the length corresponding to the length L of the second conductor 12 is The thickness is almost negligible. Therefore, in the antenna device disclosed in Patent Document 1, the current flowing through the non-excited loop element is small, and high gain in the longitudinal direction cannot be obtained.
  • the second conductor 12 corresponding to the parasitic loop element has a three-dimensional structure having a length L in the X-axis direction. The volume through which the current flows in the second conductor 12 is increased.
  • FIG. 4 is a front perspective view showing the configuration of a conventional antenna device 10A.
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the configuration of a conventional antenna device 10A.
  • An antenna device 10A shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 has a structure in which the second conductor 12 and the third conductor 13 of the antenna device 10 are formed in a sheet shape.
  • the antenna device 10A shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 includes a first conductor 11, a feed point 14, a non-excited loop element conductor 15, and an excited element conductor 16.
  • the parasitic loop element conductor 15 has left and right vertical side portions 15a and 15b, an upper side portion 15c, and an opening surface 15d.
  • the vertical side portion 15a is arranged on the left side of the upper side portion 15c when viewed from the front of the antenna device 10A.
  • the vertical side portion 15b is arranged on the right side of the upper side portion 15c when viewed from the front of the antenna device 10A.
  • the lower ends of the vertical sides 15 a and 15 b are in contact with the surface of the first conductor 11 .
  • the upper side portion 15 c is arranged parallel to the first conductor 11 and does not contact the first conductor 11 .
  • the height dimension of the vertical sides 15a and 15b is the height H.
  • the length dimension of the upper side portion 15c (the width dimension of the non-excited loop element conductor 15) is the width W.
  • the width W is the width W.
  • the non-excited loop element conductor 15 is assumed to be a sheet-like one that does not have a thickness in the X-axis direction, but its thickness is actually about 18 ⁇ m. That is, in the antenna device 10A shown in FIG. 4, the length L of the antenna device 10 shown in FIG.
  • the excitation element conductor 16 is formed in a sheet shape extending in the Z-axis direction. This excitation element conductor 16 is covered with a non-excitation loop element conductor 15 . Also, the excitation element conductor 16 is arranged between the first conductor 11 and the non-excitation loop element conductor 15 . The upper end of the excitation element conductor 16 is not in contact with the non-excitation loop element conductor 15 .
  • model 1 a structure in which the length L of the second conductor 12 is 50 mm is hereinafter referred to as model 1.
  • FIG. 1 A structure having sheet-like non-excitation loop element conductors 15 and excitation element conductors 16 like the antenna device 10A shown in FIG.
  • the non-exciting loop element conductor 15 and the exciting element conductor 16 are formed in a sheet shape, so although they cannot stand by themselves, they have a practical structure for mounting on the board. It's becoming In addition, the parasitic loop element conductor 15 and the excitation element conductor 16 are made of metal in order to eliminate the influence of dielectric loss and the like caused by the substrate.
  • FIG. 6A is a diagram showing the current amplitude and current phase of model 1 corresponding to the configuration of the antenna device 10 according to the first embodiment.
  • the frequency is, for example, 928 MHz.
  • the current amplitude value of the side wall portions 12a and 12b is a relative value when the value of the current flowing through the third conductor 13 is 1, and is 0.60A.
  • the current phase value of the side walls 12a and 12b is a relative value when the current phase value of the third conductor 13 is 0, and is 40°.
  • FIG. 6B is a diagram showing the current amplitude and current phase of model 2 corresponding to the configuration of the conventional antenna device 10A.
  • the frequency is, for example, 928 MHz.
  • the current amplitude value of the vertical sides 15a and 15b is a relative value when the value of the current flowing through the excitation element conductor 16 is 1, and is 0.15A.
  • the current phase value of the vertical sides 15a and 15b is a relative value when the current phase value of the excitation element conductor 16 is 0, and is 25°.
  • the side wall portions 12a and 12b and the vertical side portions 15a and 15b have almost no current phase value, but the current amplitude values of the side wall portions 12a and 12b are different from those of the vertical side portions 15a and 15b. It is larger than the current amplitude value of 15b. Therefore, the antenna device 10 has an increased gain in the X-axis direction compared to the conventional antenna device 10A.
  • the electric field distribution can be obtained by using the following formula (1), for example, can be calculated.
  • N is the number of elements
  • d is the antenna element interval
  • ⁇ is the angle of the direction in which the electric field is to be obtained. Note that ⁇ is the wavelength.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a radiation pattern on the XY plane in model 1 and a radiation pattern on the XY plane in model 2.
  • FIG. The dashed line in FIG. 7 indicates the radio wave radiation pattern of model 1, and the solid line in FIG. 7 indicates the radiation pattern of model 2.
  • the radiation pattern shown in FIG. 7 is obtained using the above formula (1).
  • the antenna device 10 has an increased gain in the X-axis direction compared to the conventional antenna device 10A.
  • FIG. 8 the principle of operation of waveguides applied to the higher frequency band will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 15.
  • FIG. 8 is a front perspective view showing the configuration of an antenna device 10B to which the principle of waveguide operation is applied.
  • FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the configuration of an antenna device 10B to which the principle of waveguide operation is applied.
  • FIG. 10 is a front view showing the configuration of an antenna device 10B to which the principle of waveguide operation is applied.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the electric field intensity in the TE10 mode excitation conductor 17 in the Y-axis direction.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the directivity of the antenna devices 10 and 10B.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram showing electric field distributions of the antenna devices 10 and 10B.
  • An antenna device 10B shown in FIG. 8 has a structure including a TE10 mode excitation conductor 17 instead of the third conductor 13 and feeding point 14 in the antenna device 10 shown in FIG. That is, the antenna device 10B includes a first conductor 11, a second conductor 12, and a TE10 mode excitation conductor 17.
  • FIG. 8 shows a structure including a TE10 mode excitation conductor 17 instead of the third conductor 13 and feeding point 14 in the antenna device 10 shown in FIG. That is, the antenna device 10B includes a first conductor 11, a second conductor 12, and a TE10 mode excitation conductor 17.
  • the TE10 mode excitation conductor 17 is provided between the first conductor 11 and the second conductor 12 .
  • the TE10 mode is a fundamental (lowest-order) mode in which an electromagnetic field propagates through a waveguide, and indicates a mode that has an electric field component only in the Z-axis direction. For this reason, in the antenna device 10B shown in FIGS.
  • the electric field strength in the Y-axis direction in the TE10 mode excitation conductor 17 has a minimum value at the side wall portions 12a and 12b and a maximum value at the central portion between the side wall portions 12a and 12b.
  • FIG. 12A is a diagram showing the directivity of the antenna devices 10 and 10B on the XY plane when the length L of the second conductor 12 is 50 mm.
  • FIG. 12B is a diagram showing the directivity in the ZX plane of the antenna devices 10 and 10B when the length L of the second conductor 12 is 50 mm.
  • the solid lines in FIGS. 12A and 12B indicate the directivity of the antenna device 10, and the dashed lines indicate the directivity of the antenna device 10B.
  • the frequency is 2.484 GHz, for example.
  • FIG. 13A is a diagram showing the electric field distribution on the opening surface 12d of the second conductor 12 of the antenna device 10 when the length L of the second conductor 12 is 50 mm.
  • FIG. 13B is a diagram showing the electric field distribution at the aperture 12d of the second conductor 12 of the antenna device 10B when the length L of the second conductor 12 is 50 mm.
  • the direction of the electric field when the third conductor 13 is excited is parallel to the opening surface 12 d of the second conductor 12 .
  • 13B in the antenna device 10B, the direction of the electric field when excited by the TE10 mode excitation conductor 17 is parallel to the opening surface 12d of the second conductor 12.
  • the electromagnetic field when the third conductor 13 is excited and the electromagnetic field when excited by the TE10 mode excitation conductor 17 are almost the same. Therefore, in the antenna device 10, the second conductor 12 operates as a waveguide, and the second conductor 12 exhibits the effect of a waveguide.
  • the antenna device 10 can improve the directivity of the waveguide in the X-axis direction.
  • the antenna device 10 according to Embodiment 1 can increase the directional gain in the X-axis direction by increasing the length L of the second conductor 12 .
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram comparing the directional gain of the antenna device 10 according to Embodiment 1 and the directional gain of the conventional antenna device 10A.
  • the horizontal axis of FIG. 14 indicates frequency [GHz], and the vertical axis of FIG. 14 indicates directivity gain [dBi] in the X-axis direction.
  • a solid line in FIG. 14 indicates the directional gain of the antenna device 10 .
  • the dashed line in FIG. 14 indicates the directional gain of the conventional antenna device 10A.
  • the directional gain of the antenna device 10 is larger than the directional gain of the conventional antenna device 10B in a wide frequency band.
  • the frequency band ranges, for example, from 0.8 to 3.0 GHz.
  • FIG. 15 is a front view showing another configuration of the antenna device 10 according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 15 , in the antenna device 10 , the upper end of the third conductor 13 may abut on the top plate portion 12 c of the second conductor 12 .
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the frequency characteristics of the directional gain of the antenna device 10 when the length L of the second conductor 12 is changed stepwise.
  • the horizontal axis in FIG. 16 indicates frequency [GHz], and the vertical axis in FIG. 16 indicates directivity gain [dBi] in the X-axis direction.
  • FIG. 16 shows an example in which the length L of the second conductor 12 is changed stepwise to 50 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm, 250 mm and 300 mm.
  • the frequency ranges, for example, from 0.5 to 2.5 GHz.
  • the relationship is [(3/4)* ⁇ ] ( ⁇ is the wavelength). Therefore, it is desirable that the upper limit of the length L for the frequency to be used is [(3/4)* ⁇ ].
  • the antenna device 10 includes the first conductor 11 that constitutes the ground plane, and the first axis that is in contact with the surface of the first conductor 11 and parallel to the surface of the first conductor 11.
  • a second conductor 12 having a length dimension in the direction and disposed between the first conductor 11 and the second conductor 12, with respect to the surface of the first conductor 11, via the feeding point 14
  • a connecting third conductor 13 is provided, and the second conductor 12 has an opening surface 12d perpendicular to the first axial direction. Therefore, the antenna device 10 can obtain high bidirectional (X-axis direction) directivity over a wide frequency band.
  • the upper limit of the length dimension of the second conductor 12 is from 1/2 wavelength to 1/4 wavelength of the lowest frequency of the operating frequency band. Therefore, the antenna device 10 can prevent deterioration of bidirectional directivity.
  • the second conductor 12 has a width dimension in a second axial direction orthogonal to the first axial direction, and the width dimension of the second conductor 12 is the lowest frequency of the operating frequency band. is a value corresponding to 1/2 wavelength of . Therefore, the antenna device 10 can prevent deterioration of bidirectional directivity.
  • the second conductor 12 includes a top plate portion 12c arranged parallel to the surface of the first conductor 11 and provided on both sides of the top plate portion 12c. side walls 12a and 12b that abut on the surface of the . Therefore, the antenna device 10 can obtain high bidirectional directivity over a wide frequency band with a simple configuration.
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram showing frequency characteristics of radiation efficiency of the antenna device 10 when the width of the second conductor 12 is changed stepwise in the antenna device according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram showing frequency characteristics of radiation efficiency of the antenna device 10 when the width W of the second conductor 12 is changed stepwise.
  • the horizontal axis of FIG. 17 indicates frequency [GHz], and the vertical axis of FIG. 17 indicates radiation efficiency [dB].
  • This FIG. 17 shows an example in which the width W is changed stepwise to 50 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm and 200 mm.
  • the frequency ranges, for example, from 0.5 to 2.5 GHz.
  • the waveguide When considering the second conductor 12 as a waveguide, the waveguide has an index called a cutoff frequency. At frequencies below this cut-off frequency, electromagnetic waves do not propagate in the waveguide and are rapidly attenuated.
  • the cutoff frequency is the frequency at which the width of the waveguide is half a wavelength. For example, if the width W of the second conductor 12 is 150 mm, the cutoff frequency is 1 GHz where 150 mm is the half wavelength.
  • electromagnetic waves with a frequency of 1 GHz or less are attenuated without propagating through the material of the second conductor 12 . Attenuation of electromagnetic waves can be confirmed by radiation efficiency. If a decrease in radiation efficiency is observed, this means that the electromagnetic waves are attenuated by the cutoff frequency.
  • the radiation efficiency does not significantly decrease even at 900 MHz and 800 MHz where the frequency is less than 1 GHz.
  • the frequency of the electromagnetic wave becomes lower than 1 GHz, the radiation efficiency of the electromagnetic wave is greatly reduced.
  • the second conductor 12 does not have the length L necessary for the electromagnetic waves to completely attenuate, the radiation efficiency does not decrease even at frequencies slightly lower than 1 GHz. That is, electromagnetic waves propagate without attenuation.
  • the second conductor 12 with a width W other than 150 mm can also be used.
  • the antenna device 10 can prevent the radiation efficiency from deteriorating over a wide frequency band by setting the width W of the second conductor 12 to approximately the cutoff frequency.
  • Embodiment 3 An antenna device 30 according to Embodiment 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 18 to 23. FIG.
  • the antenna device 10 according to Embodiment 1 increases the directional gain over a wide frequency band.
  • the operating band of this antenna device 10 is only the range of the resonance frequency of the third conductor 13 .
  • the antenna device 30 according to Embodiment 3 widens its operating band by changing the excitation element to a tapered monopole antenna 31 .
  • FIG. 18 is a front perspective view showing the configuration of the antenna device 30 according to Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 19 is a front view showing the configuration of the antenna device 30 according to the third embodiment.
  • the antenna device 30 includes a first conductor 11, a second conductor 12, a third conductor 13, a feeding point 14, and a tapered monopole antenna as the third conductor. 31.
  • a tapered monopole antenna 31 is arranged between the first conductor 11 and the second conductor 12 .
  • a lower end of the tapered monopole antenna 31 is in contact with the first conductor 11 via the feeding point 14 .
  • the upper end of tapered monopole antenna 31 is not in contact with second conductor 12 .
  • the height dimension of the tapered monopole antenna 31 is the height Ht.
  • the tapered monopole antenna 31 has a tapered structure in which the width dimension gradually increases from the lower end to the upper end.
  • the third conductor 13 of Embodiment 1 is a filamentary monopole.
  • the operating band of the antenna device 30 is limited to the resonance frequency range of the third conductor 13 .
  • the antenna device 30 uses a tapered monopole antenna 31 instead of the third conductor 13 . Therefore, in the antenna device 30, resonance occurs due to coupling with the second conductor 12 in addition to the resonance of the tapered monopole antenna 31 itself, so that the operating band is increased.
  • the third conductor 13, which is a filamentary monopole is coupled with the second conductor 12, but the coupling force is weak.
  • the tapered monopole antenna 31 is strongly coupled with the second conductor 12, leading to an increase in the operating band of the antenna device 30.
  • FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the relationship between reflection coefficient and frequency.
  • the horizontal axis in FIG. 20 indicates frequency [GHz], and the vertical axis in FIG. 20 indicates directivity gain [dBi] in the X-axis direction.
  • This FIG. 20 shows an example in which the length L of the second conductor 12 is changed stepwise to 50 mm, 100 mm and 150 mm.
  • FIG. 20A is a diagram corresponding to the specified low-power radio, and the frequency band shown in FIG. 20A is 0.5 to 1.0 GHz.
  • FIG. 20B is a diagram corresponding to Wi-Fi, and the frequency band shown in FIG. 20B is 2.0 to 2.8 GHz.
  • the reflection coefficient is -10 dB or less regardless of the value of the length L. This is because the height Ht of the tapered monopole antenna 31 is about 1/4 wavelength of 2.4 GHz.
  • resonance can be confirmed at 750 MHz when the length L is 50 mm. Also, when the length L is 100 mm, resonance can be confirmed at 900 MHz. Furthermore, when the length L is 150 mm, resonance can be confirmed at 920 MHz, and the reflection coefficient is -10 dB or less.
  • the antenna device 30 can be made dual-band by providing the tapered monopole antenna 31, and the resonance frequency on the low frequency side can be changed by changing the length L of the second conductor 12. be able to. This is because the resonance on the low frequency side utilizes the coupling between the excitation element and the second conductor 12 .
  • FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the current distribution of the second conductor 12.
  • FIG. 21A is a current distribution diagram when the resonance frequency is 928 MHz.
  • FIG. 21B is a current distribution diagram when the resonance frequency is 2.484 GHz. Note that the length L of the second conductor 12 is 150 mm. As is clear from FIG. 21, it can be understood that the resonance on the low frequency side utilizes the coupling between the second conductor 12 and the tapered monopole antenna 31 .
  • a monoconical antenna 32 having a monoconical antenna shape or a branched antenna shape A branched monopole antenna 33 may be provided.
  • FIG. 22 is a front perspective view showing the configuration of an antenna device 30A according to Embodiment 3.
  • the antenna device 30A includes a first conductor 11, a second conductor 12, a third conductor 13, a feeding point 14, and a monoconical antenna 32 as the third conductor.
  • the monoconical antenna 32 is obtained by forming the third conductor 13 into a monoconical antenna shape.
  • the monoconical antenna 32 is arranged between the first conductor 11 and the second conductor 12 .
  • the lower end of the monoconical antenna 32 is in contact with the first conductor 11 via the feeding point 14 .
  • the upper end of monoconical antenna 32 is not in contact with second conductor 12 .
  • the monoconical antenna 32 has a conical shape whose diameter gradually increases from the lower end to the upper end.
  • FIG. 23 is a front perspective view showing the configuration of an antenna device 30B according to Embodiment 3.
  • the antenna device 30B includes a first conductor 11, a second conductor 12, a third conductor 13, a feeding point 14, and a branch monopole antenna 33 as the third conductor.
  • the branch monopole antenna 33 is obtained by making the third conductor 13 into a branch antenna shape.
  • the branched monopole antenna 33 has an antenna main body 33a and a branched antenna 33b.
  • the antenna main body 33a extends linearly in the Z-axis direction.
  • the branch antenna 33b is provided so as to branch off from the middle portion of the antenna main body 33a with respect to the antenna main body 33a.
  • a branch monopole antenna 33 is arranged between the first conductor 11 and the second conductor 12 . At this time, the lower end of the antenna main body 33a is in contact with the first conductor 11 via the feeding point 14. As shown in FIG. The upper end of the antenna main body 33 a and the upper end of the branch antenna 33 b are not in contact with the second conductor 12 .
  • the antenna main body 33a and the branch antenna 33b have different element lengths, they have different resonant frequencies. Therefore, in the antenna device 30B, the antenna main body 33a and the branch antenna 33b resonate at two mutually different frequencies.
  • the antenna devices 30A and 30B can be made dual-band, like the antenna device 30.
  • the third conductor is the tapered monopole antenna 31 that tapers from the feeding point 14 toward the second conductor 12 . Therefore, the antenna device 30 can widen its operating band.
  • the third conductor is a monoconical antenna 32 that expands conically from the feed point 14 toward the second conductor 12 . Therefore, the antenna device 30A can widen its operating band.
  • the third conductor is a branched monopole antenna 33
  • the branched monopole antenna 33 is composed of an antenna main body 33a and a branched antenna 33b branched from the middle portion of the antenna main body 33a. and Therefore, the antenna device 30B can widen its operating band.
  • Embodiment 4 An antenna device 40 according to Embodiment 4 will be described with reference to FIGS. 24 and 25. FIG.
  • FIG. 24 is a front perspective view showing the configuration of the antenna device 40 according to Embodiment 4.
  • FIG. FIG. 25 is a front view showing the configuration of the antenna device 40 according to the fourth embodiment.
  • the antenna device 40 according to the fourth embodiment has a structure including a second conductor 41 instead of the second conductor 12 of the antenna device 10 according to the first embodiment.
  • the antenna device 40 includes a first conductor 11 , a third conductor 13 , a feeding point 14 and a second conductor 41 .
  • the second conductor 12 according to Embodiment 1 has a rectangular shape when viewed from the front of the antenna device 10
  • the second conductor 41 according to Embodiment 4 has a rectangular shape when viewed from the front of the antenna device 40. and has a semi-elliptical shape.
  • the second conductor 41 is made of metal, for example.
  • the second conductor 41 is provided on the surface of the first conductor 11 with the feeding point 14 as the center.
  • the second conductor 41 covers the third conductor 13 from above.
  • the length dimension of the second conductor 41 is the length L.
  • the second conductor 41 has a long-axis radius A in the Y-axis direction and a short-axis radius B in the Z-axis direction. Note that the major axis direction radius A and the minor axis direction radius B are dimensional values different from each other.
  • the second conductor 41 has two opening surfaces 41a perpendicular to the X-axis direction. These opening surfaces 41a are formed in a semi-elliptical shape.
  • the principle of an array antenna is applied to the antenna device 40.
  • the third conductor 13 excited by the feeding point 14 is coupled with the second conductor 41, so that current flows through them. Therefore, the antenna device 40 can increase the directional gain in the X-axis direction in a wide frequency band.
  • the major axis direction radius A and the minor axis direction radius B have different dimension values, but the major axis direction radius A and the minor axis direction radius B may have the same dimension value. That is, the second conductor 41 may be semicircular. In this case, even if the second conductor 41 is formed in a semicircular shape, the antenna device 40 has a directivity gain in the X-axis direction in a wide frequency band in the same manner as when the second conductor 41 is formed in a semielliptical shape. can be increased.
  • the second conductor 12 is formed in a semi-elliptical shape or a semi-circular shape when viewed from the first axial direction. Therefore, the antenna device 40 can obtain high bidirectional directivity over a wide frequency band with a simple configuration.
  • Embodiment 5 An antenna device 50 according to Embodiment 5 will be described with reference to FIGS. 26 and 28. FIG.
  • the antenna device 10 according to Embodiment 1 has a structure in which the second conductor 12 and the third conductor 13 are provided on one surface of the first conductor 11 .
  • the antenna device 50 according to Embodiment 5 has a structure that is symmetrical with respect to the XY plane by removing the first conductor 11 using image theory.
  • the image theory is that when an electric current and a ground plane exist in a certain space, they are symmetrical with respect to the ground plane, have the same size, have opposite tangential directions, and the same normal direction. There is a directional image current.
  • FIG. 26 is a diagram explaining the outline of the image theory. As shown in FIG. 26, current 51 and image current 52 exist symmetrically with respect to ground plane 53 . It is assumed that the ground plane 53 is on the ZX plane and the current 51 exists in the -Y-axis direction.
  • an image current 52 exists in the +Y-axis direction.
  • the distance from the image current 52 to the ground plane 53 is equal to the distance from the current 51 to the ground plane 53 .
  • the magnitude of the image current 52 is equal to the magnitude of the current 51 .
  • the tangential direction (X-axis direction) of the image current 52 to the ground plane 53 is opposite to the tangential direction of the current 51 to the ground plane 53 .
  • the direction of the normal to the ground plane 53 of the image current 52 (orientation in the Y-axis direction) is the same as the direction of the normal to the ground plane 53 of the current 51 .
  • an electromagnetic field is generated only on the side of the ground plane 53 where the current 51 exists, and no electromagnetic field is generated on the side of the ground plane 53 where the image current 52 exists. Therefore, when the ground plane 53 is removed from the space, it is necessary to use the image current 52 in order to express an equivalent electromagnetic field.
  • FIG. 27 is a diagram showing directions of the current 51 flowing through the antenna device 10 according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 27, a current 51 and an image current 52 are flowing through the antenna device 10 . In FIG. 27, the flow of the current 51 is indicated by a solid line, and the flow of the image current 52 is indicated by a broken line.
  • a current 51 flows through the second conductor 12 and the third conductor 13 by being excited from the feeding point 14 to the third conductor 13 .
  • the image current 52 is the image current of the current 51 using image theory. Applying the image theory to the flow of the current 51 in this way, it can be considered that there exists an image current 52 that is the object of the current 51 for the first conductor 11 .
  • FIG. 28 is a front perspective view showing the configuration of the antenna device 50 according to Embodiment 5.
  • FIG. The antenna device 50 according to the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 28 has a structure symmetrical with respect to the XY plane by removing the first conductor 11 serving as the ground plane from the antenna device 10 according to the first embodiment. is.
  • the antenna device 50 has a second conductor 54 , a third conductor 55 and a feeding point 14 .
  • the second conductor 54 has a structure in which the second conductor 12 is symmetrical with respect to the XY plane. Therefore, the length dimension of the second conductor 54 is the length L. As shown in FIG. The width dimension of the second conductor 54 is the width W. As shown in FIG. The height dimension of the second conductor 54 is 2H. The height 2H of the second conductors 54 is twice the height H of the second conductors 12 . Also, the second conductor 54 has two opening surfaces 54a orthogonal to the X-axis direction. These opening surfaces 54a are formed in a rectangular shape.
  • the third conductor 55 has a structure in which the third conductor 13 is provided as a target with respect to the XY plane. Therefore, the third conductor 13 has a monopole antenna shape, whereas the third conductor 55 has a dipole antenna shape.
  • the antenna device 50 as a whole has a structure that is symmetrical with respect to the XY plane.
  • this antenna device 50 has a structure in which the antenna device 10 is provided as a target with respect to the XY plane by applying the image theory, it is possible to obtain the same effect as that of the antenna device 10 .
  • the antenna device 50 sandwiches the surface of the first conductor 11 to be removed using image theory, and extends in the first axial direction parallel to the surface of the first conductor 11. and a third conductor 55 arranged inside the second conductor 54 and connected to the surface of the first conductor 11 via the feeding point 14.
  • the second conductor 54 and the third conductor 55 are symmetrical structures with respect to the first conductor 11, the second conductor 54 having an opening surface 54a orthogonal to the first axial direction. Therefore, the antenna device 50 can obtain high bidirectional (X-axis direction) directivity over a wide frequency band.
  • the aperture surface 54a is formed in a rectangular shape. Therefore, the antenna device 50 can obtain high bidirectional directivity over a wide frequency band with a simple configuration.
  • the present disclosure can freely combine each embodiment, modify any component of each embodiment, or omit any component in each embodiment. .
  • the antenna device can obtain high two-way directivity over a wide frequency band by including the opening surface of the second conductor orthogonal to the first axial direction. suitable for use.
  • antenna device 11 first conductor, 12 second conductor, 12a, 12b side wall portion, 12c top plate portion, 12d opening surface, 13 third conductor , 14 feed point, 15 non-excited loop element conductor, 15a, 15b vertical side portion, 15c upper side portion, 15d opening surface, 16 excitation element conductor, 17 TE10 mode excitation conductor, 31 tapered monopole antenna, 32 monoconical antenna, 33 branch monopole antenna, 33a antenna main body, 33b branch antenna, 41 second conductor, 41a aperture, 51 current, 52 image current, 53 ground plane, 54 second conductor, 54a aperture, 55 third conductor.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

Un dispositif d'antenne (10) comprend un premier conducteur (11) qui constitue une base, un deuxième conducteur (12) qui est en contact avec une surface du premier conducteur (11) et présente la dimension de longueur dans une première direction axiale parallèle à la surface du premier conducteur (11), et un troisième conducteur (13) qui est disposé entre le premier conducteur (11) et le deuxième conducteur (12) et qui est connecté à la surface du premier conducteur (11) par l'intermédiaire d'un point d'alimentation (14). Le deuxième conducteur (12) présente une face ouverte (12d) qui est orthogonale à la première direction axiale.
PCT/JP2021/029707 2021-08-12 2021-08-12 Dispositif d'antenne WO2023017596A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

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JP2022520389A JP7090830B1 (ja) 2021-08-12 2021-08-12 アンテナ装置
PCT/JP2021/029707 WO2023017596A1 (fr) 2021-08-12 2021-08-12 Dispositif d'antenne

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2021/029707 WO2023017596A1 (fr) 2021-08-12 2021-08-12 Dispositif d'antenne

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5784032A (en) * 1995-11-01 1998-07-21 Telecommunications Research Laboratories Compact diversity antenna with weak back near fields
JP2005124061A (ja) * 2003-10-20 2005-05-12 Toyota Motor Corp ループアンテナ装置
JP2008219853A (ja) * 2007-02-08 2008-09-18 Hitachi Kokusai Electric Inc アンテナ装置
JP2012034307A (ja) * 2010-08-03 2012-02-16 Yagi Antenna Co Ltd 低姿勢広帯域無指向性アンテナ

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004096572A (ja) * 2002-09-02 2004-03-25 Uniden Corp 屋内移動通信装置

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5784032A (en) * 1995-11-01 1998-07-21 Telecommunications Research Laboratories Compact diversity antenna with weak back near fields
JP2005124061A (ja) * 2003-10-20 2005-05-12 Toyota Motor Corp ループアンテナ装置
JP2008219853A (ja) * 2007-02-08 2008-09-18 Hitachi Kokusai Electric Inc アンテナ装置
JP2012034307A (ja) * 2010-08-03 2012-02-16 Yagi Antenna Co Ltd 低姿勢広帯域無指向性アンテナ

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