WO2022237158A1 - 背光模组、导光板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

背光模组、导光板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022237158A1
WO2022237158A1 PCT/CN2021/137722 CN2021137722W WO2022237158A1 WO 2022237158 A1 WO2022237158 A1 WO 2022237158A1 CN 2021137722 W CN2021137722 W CN 2021137722W WO 2022237158 A1 WO2022237158 A1 WO 2022237158A1
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Prior art keywords
guide plate
light guide
microstructure
microstructures
basic
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PCT/CN2021/137722
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
方宗豹
张恒
管昊远
朱雷
于晓龙
司群英
Original Assignee
苏州维旺科技有限公司
盐城维旺科技有限公司
苏州大学
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Publication of WO2022237158A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022237158A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0015—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0065—Manufacturing aspects; Material aspects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a backlight module, a light guide plate and a preparation method thereof.
  • the light guide plate is an important part of the backlight module. With the development of thinner backlight modules, the thickness of the light guide plate is also required to be lighter and thinner. At present, the light guide plate prepared by hot embossing can be made very thin, but its resistance The top whitening effect is not good, which seriously affects the user experience and use effect. In addition, in the process of preparing the light guide plate by hot embossing, the processing time of the mold core of the light guide plate is long, and it takes about two weeks to complete a mold core. In order to obtain a light guide plate that meets the brightness requirements, it is generally necessary to adjust and prepare more than three mold cores , wasting a lot of time and making the preparation inefficient.
  • the core of the mold needs to be reprocessed, and the work repeats a lot.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a light guide plate that emits light uniformly.
  • the light guide plate takes a short time to prepare and has high light output efficiency.
  • a light guide plate including a light guide plate body, a number of highlight microstructures and a number of brightening microstructures formed on the surface of the light guide plate body, and several of the highlight
  • the microstructure makes the brightness uniformity of the light guide plate reach a basic value
  • several of the brightening microstructures further make the brightness uniformity of the light guide plate reach a target value
  • the brightness uniformity required by the target value is greater than the basic value value for the desired brightness uniformity.
  • the highlight microstructure is a concave structure formed inwardly from the light guide plate body, and has a V-shaped cross section.
  • the shape of the highlight microstructure is one of rectangle, drop shape, C shape, crescent shape, dish shape, and bamboo shape.
  • one side of the light guide plate body is a light incident surface
  • the surface of the light guide plate body includes an avoidance area close to the light incident surface, and the number of the highlighted microstructures in the avoidance area is less than that of the light incident surface. Brightens the amount of microstructure.
  • the avoidance area has an area of 5%-15% of the surface area of the light guide plate body.
  • the brightening microstructure is a raised structure, and the height of the brightening microstructure is 2.5um-4.0um.
  • the light guide plate body has a light exit surface and a microstructure surface opposite thereto, and the highlight microstructure and the brightening microstructure are formed on the microstructure surface.
  • the light guide plate body has a light-emitting surface and a microstructure surface opposite thereto, and the highlight microstructure and the brightening microstructure are formed on different surfaces.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing a light guide plate, which is used to prepare the above light guide plate, the preparation method comprising:
  • the brightness uniformity of the light guide plate is measured, and if the brightness uniformity does not reach the target value, the steps S2 and S3 are repeated until the brightness uniformity of the light guide plate reaches the target value.
  • the second microstructure is prepared by one of printing, laser and mechanical means.
  • the basic light guide plate mold core has a basic shape
  • the light guide plate mold core has a target shape
  • the target shape is obtained by cutting the basic shape according to process requirements.
  • the present invention also provides a backlight module, which includes the above-mentioned light guide plate.
  • the light guide plate of the present invention has several high-brightness microstructures that make the brightness uniformity of the light guide plate reach the basic value, and several brightening microstructures are formed on the light guide plate to improve the brightness of the light guide plate And brightness uniformity to the target value, because the preparation of the brightening microstructure is simpler, the preparation time of the light guide plate mold core is greatly shortened.
  • the combination of highlighting microstructure and brightening microstructure on the light guide plate realizes the gain reinforcement of the light output efficiency of the light guide plate.
  • the highlight microstructure is used to provide the brightness gain of the light guide plate, and the brightening microstructure makes the light guide plate have anti
  • the top white function can avoid hot spots and adjust local optical trends.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a light guide plate shown in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the light guide plate shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of the drop-shaped highlight microstructure of the light guide plate shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the drop-shaped highlight microstructure of the light guide plate shown in FIG. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of the C-shaped highlight microstructure of the light guide plate shown in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the C-shaped highlight microstructure of the light guide plate shown in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of the crescent-shaped highlight microstructure of the light guide plate shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the crescent-shaped highlight microstructure of the light guide plate shown in FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of the dish-shaped highlight microstructure of the light guide plate shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the dish-shaped highlight microstructure of the light guide plate shown in FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a structural diagram of the bamboo-shaped highlight microstructure of the light guide plate shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the bamboo-shaped highlight microstructure of the light guide plate shown in FIG. 11;
  • a light guide plate 100 shown in an embodiment of the present application includes a light guide plate body 1, and several highlight microstructures 2 and several brightening microstructures 3 formed on the surface of the light guide plate body 1, Several bright microstructures 2 make the brightness uniformity of the light guide plate 100 reach the basic value, and several brightening microstructures 3 further make the brightness uniformity of the light guide plate 100 reach the target value, and the brightness uniformity required by the target value is greater than that required by the basic value brightness uniformity.
  • the high-brightness microstructure 2 and the brightening microstructure 3 are set together to realize the gain reinforcement of the light output efficiency of the light guide plate 100, the high-brightness microstructure 2 is used to provide the brightness gain of the light guide plate 100, and the brightening microstructure 3 is used to eliminate Top white defects on the surface of the light guide plate 100, elimination of hot spots at light incidents, and adjustment of local optical trends.
  • the highlight microstructure 2 is formed from the light guide plate body 1 inwardly and concavely, please refer to Figure 3 to Figure 12, the shape of the highlight microstructure 2 formed on the surface of the light guide plate body 1 is rectangular, drop-shaped, C-shaped, crescent-shaped , dish-shaped, bamboo-shaped, etc., but not limited thereto, can also be other shapes, which are not listed one by one here.
  • the section of the highlight microstructure 2 is a V-shaped structure, and the apex angles of several highlight microstructures 2 are the same, and the specific apex angles of the highlight microstructure 2 are not specifically limited here.
  • the brightening microstructure 3 includes a raised structure, specifically a central protrusion, and its edge is a concave ring-shaped structure, and the height of the brightening microstructure 3 is 2.5um-4.0um.
  • the light guide plate body 1 has four sides and two upper and lower surfaces, one of which is a light-emitting surface for emitting light, and the other surface is a microstructure surface, and at least one of the four sides is a light-incident end surface, which is close to the light-incident end surface
  • the light guide plate body 1 is prone to hot spot (HotSpot).
  • the HotSpot phenomenon refers to the phenomenon that in the side light guide backlight module using LED as the light source, due to the limitation of the divergence angle of the LED light source, the light column appears bright in the area of the light guide plate 100 close to the LED light source, resulting in uneven brightness and darkness. This phenomenon reduces the uniformity of the light output from the light guide plate 100 and also affects the subjective effect of the backlight.
  • the brightness uniformity of the obtained light guide plate 100 has a numerical value, which is called a basic value, and the range of the basic value is 70%-85%, that is, the light guide plate
  • the brightness uniformity of 100 reaches 70%-85%, while the high-brightness microstructure 2 provides 80%-95% of the required brightness of the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate 100, and the target value is 105%-120% of the base value.
  • the method for measuring the brightness uniformity of the light guide plate 100 is to select a certain number of test points on the surface of the light guide plate 100.
  • the number of test points can be 9 points, 13 points, 25 points, or 121 points, and measure the brightness of the test points to calculate
  • the brightness uniformity the method for measuring the brightness of the light guide plate 100 is the prior art, and will not be repeated here.
  • the highlight microstructure 2 and the brightening microstructure 3 are formed on at least one surface of the light guide plate body 1 , and in this embodiment, the highlight microstructure 2 and the brightening microstructure 3 are formed on the surface of the microstructure.
  • the highlight microstructure 2 and the brightening microstructure 3 can also be formed on different surfaces, and in other embodiments, the highlight microstructure 2 can also be formed on the light-emitting surface.
  • the area on the surface of the light guide plate 100 close to the light-incident end face is the avoidance area 4, and the highlight microstructure 2 in the avoidance area 4 provides 50%-60% of the required brightness, that is, the area near the light-incident end face
  • a small amount of high-brightness microstructures 2 are formed on the surface area of the light guide plate body 1 on the light end surface, so as to reduce the reflection and refraction of light, so that the light is not gathered at the entrance as much as possible, thereby avoiding the generation of hot spots.
  • the area of the escape area 4 is 5%-15% of the surface area of the light guide plate body 1 .
  • the remaining brightness required by the avoidance area 4 can be provided by the brightening microstructure 3 .
  • the present invention also provides a preparation method for preparing the above-mentioned light guide plate, which includes:
  • the first microstructure of the mold core of the basic light guide plate is prepared by grayscale etching or mechanical processing, and can also be prepared by other methods, which are not specifically limited here.
  • the first microstructure The structure is prepared by a grayscale photolithography process.
  • the specific structure of the first microstructure is prepared according to the specific structure of the desired highlight microstructure. It should be noted that the light guide plate obtained by using the basic light guide plate mold core needs to meet the brightness uniformity to meet the basic value (70%-85%), and the brightness to meet the basic value (80%-95%).
  • the base material of the light guide plate is provided, and a number of high-brightness microstructures are formed on the surface of the base material of the light guide plate by hot embossing by using the basic light guide plate mold core, and the brightness and brightness uniformity of the light guide plate obtained are tested. Then repeat the preparation process of the basic light guide plate mold core until the basic light guide plate mold core is prepared. Using the basic light guide plate mold core can obtain a light guide plate with brightness uniformity and brightness that meet the required basic value at the same time.
  • a qualified light guide plate mold has a long production period, usually one week to one month, or even longer. It should be noted that a qualified light guide plate mold is; the brightness and The brightness uniformity must reach the target value. Generally, it is necessary to adjust the preparation of the light guide plate mold for more than three times, so that the brightness and brightness uniformity of the obtained light guide plate can reach the target value.
  • the preparation of the light guide plate mold core is time-consuming.
  • this application uses the light guide plate mold core whose brightness and brightness uniformity reach the basic value as the base plate, and first prepares the basic light guide plate mold cores of different sizes.
  • a light guide plate whose luminance and luminance uniformity reach basic values can be produced.
  • the preparation time of the basic light guide plate core is significantly shorter than the preparation time of the qualified light guide core. Generally, no adjustment is required, or only one or two adjustments are required to obtain the required basic light guide plate core.
  • the second microstructure is prepared by one of printing, laser and mechanical methods, and the second microstructure can also be prepared by other methods, which are not specifically limited here.
  • the second microstructure is prepared by laser technology.
  • the second microstructure is prepared according to the specific structure of the desired brightening microstructure. Specifically, please refer to FIG. 13.
  • the second microstructure 5 is a crater shape, with a crater 51 in the middle, a crater 52 on the edge, and a crater 52.
  • the specific height can be set according to actual needs.
  • the core of the basic light guide plate can be reused many times.
  • the surface structure of the kernel is consistent with that of the master mold kernel, and there is no need to reprocess and adjust the first microstructure to prepare a new light guide plate mold kernel.
  • the basic light guide plate mold cores of different sizes can be prepared in advance.
  • the basic light guide plate mold cores of the same size are selected, and then the second microstructure is formed on the surface by laser, printing, or mechanical means.
  • Form a light guide plate with a corresponding microstructure by embossing test the brightness of the light guide plate and repeat the preparation process of forming a brightening microstructure on the basic mold core until the brightness uniformity of the light guide plate reaches the target value.
  • the basic light guide plate mold core has a basic shape
  • the light guide plate mold core has a target shape
  • the target shape is obtained by cutting the basic shape according to the process requirements, that is, it is only necessary to select the basic light guide plate mold core of the required size, Then, according to the actual needs, the basic light guide plate mold core is cut into the required target shape, and then the second microstructure is formed on the surface to obtain the light guide plate mold core.
  • the brightness and brightness of the light guide plate obtained based on the light guide plate mold core are uniform reached the target value. Even if the power, size and spacing of the lamp beads have changed, it is only necessary to form a second microstructure on the surface of the core of the basic light guide plate according to this change.
  • the mold core only needs to adjust the second microstructure, which greatly shortens the preparation time.
  • the cutting method is an existing technology, and will not be repeated here, such as machine cutting, manual cutting, and the like.
  • the present invention also provides a backlight module, specifically a side light type backlight module, including a substrate, a plurality of lamp beads installed on the substrate, a light guide plate, and a lamp located between the substrate and the light guide plate for reflecting light. Reflective film. Because the brightening microstructure is a raised structure, the distance between the light guide plate and the reflective film is the raised height of the brightening microstructure, that is, 2.5um-4.0um.
  • the distance between the light guide plate and the reflective film of the backlight module is less than 2.5um, when the user presses the liquid crystal display prepared by the backlight module, the light guide plate will be in contact with the reflective film. Short, the attraction between the light guide plate and the reflective film is relatively large. When the user releases the LCD screen, due to the existence of the attraction force, the rebound force of the light guide plate is relatively small, and it will take a long time for the light guide plate and the reflective film to fully will separate, so that the white dot where you touch will be visible on the display for a long time before disappearing.
  • the distance between the light guide plate and the reflective film in this embodiment is greater than 2.5um.
  • the distance between the light guide plate and the reflective film is longer, and the attraction force decreases sharply.
  • the resilience of the light guide plate is much greater than the attractive force, so the light guide plate and the reflective film can be separated immediately, so that the white dot at the touch will disappear on the display screen after the user releases the LCD screen. It will not affect the user experience and usage effect.
  • the height of the light-enhancing microstructure protrusions of the light guide plate in this embodiment is between 2.5 um and 4.0 um, which has relatively good light guiding performance and anti-whitening function.
  • the light guide plate of the present invention has several high-brightness microstructures that make the brightness uniformity of the light guide plate reach the basic value, and several brightening microstructures are formed on the light guide plate to improve the brightness and brightness uniformity of the light guide plate
  • the preparation time for the mold core of the light guide plate is greatly shortened due to the simpler preparation for forming the brightening microstructure.
  • the combination of highlighting microstructure and brightening microstructure on the light guide plate realizes the gain reinforcement of the light output efficiency of the light guide plate.
  • the highlight microstructure is used to provide the brightness gain of the light guide plate, and the brightening microstructure makes the light guide plate have anti
  • the top white function can avoid hot spots and adjust local optical trends.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

一种导光板（100），包括导光板本体（1）、以及形成在导光板本体（1）表面上的若干高亮微结构（2）和若干提亮微结构（3），若干高亮微结构（2）使得具有基础形状的导光板（100）的亮度均匀性达到基础值，若干提亮微结构（3）进一步使得具有目标形状的导光板（100）的亮度均匀性达到目标值，目标值所需要的亮度均匀性大于基础值所需要的亮度均匀性。导光板（100）上高亮微结构（2）和提亮微结构（3）的搭配设置，实现了导光板（100）出光效率的增益补强，高亮微结构（2）用于提供导光板（100）的亮度增益，提亮微结构（3）使导光板（100）具备了抗顶白功能，能够避免热斑产生、以及能够调整局部的光学趋势。

Description

背光模组、导光板及其制备方法
本申请要求了申请日为2021年05月08日，申请号为202110499643.5的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种背光模组、导光板及其制备方法。
背景技术
导光板作为背光模组的重要组成部分，随着背光模组薄型化的发展，对导光板的厚度也要求越来越轻薄，目前热压印制备的导光板可做到很薄，但其抗顶白效果不佳，严重影响用户体验和使用效果。此外，热压印制备导光板的过程中，导光板模仁的加工时间长，一版模仁大约需要两周才能完成，为了得到满足亮度要求的导光板，一般需要调整制备三次以上的模仁，浪费了大量的时间，制备效率低下。在背光模组中灯珠的排布、尺寸以及导光板的形状等限制条件下，为了满足导光板中出光面的亮度均匀性，需要重新加工模仁，工作重复量大。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种均匀出光的导光板，该导光板制备时长短且出光效率高、具有抗顶白功能，能够消除入光处的热斑并能够调整局部光学趋势。
为达到上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种导光板，包括导光板本体、以及形成在所述导光板本体表面上的若干高亮微结构和若干提亮微结构，若干所述高亮微结构使得所述导光板的亮度均匀性达到基础值，若干所述提亮微结构进一步使得所述导光板的亮度均匀性达到目标值，所述目标值所需要的亮度均匀性大于所述基础值所需要的亮度均匀性。
进一步地，所述高亮微结构为内凹结构，自所述导光板本体向内内凹形成，截面为V形结构。
进一步地，所述高亮微结构的形状为为长方形、水滴形、C形、月牙形、碟形、竹节形中的一种。
进一步地，所述导光板本体一侧为入光面，所述导光板本体表面包括靠近所述入光面的避让区，所述避让区中的所述高亮微结构的数量少于所述提亮微结构的数量。
进一步地，所述避让区的面积为所述导光板本体表面面积的5％-15％。
进一步地，所述提亮微结构为凸起结构，所述提亮微结构的高度为2.5um-4.0um。
进一步地，所述导光板本体具有出光面和与之相对的微结构面，所述高亮微结构和所述提亮微结构形成在所述微结构面。
进一步地，所述导光板本体具有出光面和与之相对的微结构面，所述高亮微结构和所述提亮微结构形成在不同表面。
本发明还提供一种导光板的制备方法，用以制备如上所述的导光板，所述制备方法包括：
S1、提供表面形成有若干第一微结构的基础导光板模仁；
S2、在所述基础导光板模仁表面形成若干第二微结构，得到导光板模仁；
S3、利用所述导光板模仁通过热压印方式形成导光板，其中，所述第一微结构在所述导光板上对应形成高亮微结构，所述第二微结构在所述导光板上对应形成提亮微结构；
进一步地，测量所述导光板的亮度均匀性，若所述亮度均匀性未达到目标值，则重复所述步骤S2和步骤S3，直至所述导光板的亮度均匀性达到所述目标值。
进一步地，所述第二微结构通过印刷、激光以及机械方式中的一种制备得到。
进一步地，所述基础导光板模仁具有基础形状，所述导光板模仁具有目标形状，所述目标形状由所述基础形状依据工艺需求进行裁剪得到。
本发明还提供一种背光模组，包括如上所述的导光板。
本发明的有益效果在于：本发明的导光板上具有若干使得导光板的亮度均匀性达到基础值的高亮微结构、并在导光板上形成有若干提亮微结构，以提高 导光板的亮度和亮度均匀性到目标值，由于形成提亮微结构的制备更为简单，大大缩短了导光板模仁的制备时长。导光板上高亮微结构和提亮微结构的搭配设置，实现了导光板出光效率的增益补强，高亮微结构用于提供导光板的亮度增益，提亮微结构使导光板具备了抗顶白功能，能够避免热斑产生、以及能够调整局部的光学趋势。
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段，并可依照说明书的内容予以实施，以下以本发明的较佳实施例并配合附图详细说明如后。
附图说明
图1为本发明一实施例所示的导光板的结构图；
图2为图1中所示的导光板的剖面图；
图3为图1中所示的导光板的水滴形高亮微结构的结构图；
图4为图3中所示的导光板的水滴形高亮微结构的剖面图；
图5为图1中所示的导光板的C形高亮微结构的结构图；
图6为图5中所示的导光板的C形高亮微结构的剖面图；
图7为图1中所示的导光板的月牙形高亮微结构的结构图；
图8为图7中所示的导光板的月牙形高亮微结构的剖面图；
图9为图1中所示的导光板的碟形高亮微结构的结构图；
图10为图9中所示的导光板的碟形高亮微结构的剖面图；
图11为图1中所示的导光板的竹节形高亮微结构的结构图；
图12为图11中所示的导光板的竹节形高亮微结构的剖面图；
图13为第一微结构的剖面图；
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
此外，下面所描述的本发明不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
请参见图1和图2，本申请一实施例所示的导光板100，包括导光板本体1、以及形成在导光板本体1表面上的若干高亮微结构2和若干提亮微结构3，若干高亮微结构2使得导光板100的亮度均匀性达到基础值，若干提亮微结构3进一步使得导光板100的亮度均匀性达到目标值，目标值所需要的亮度均匀性大于基础值所需要的亮度均匀性。其中，高亮微结构2和提亮微结构3搭配设置，实现导光板100出光效率的增益补强，高亮微结构2用于提供导光板100的亮度增益，提亮微结构3用于消除导光板100表面的顶白缺陷和消除入光处的热斑、以及调整局部光学趋势。
高亮微结构2为自导光板本体1向内内凹形成，请参见图3至图12，高亮微结构2在导光板本体1表面形成的形状为长方形、水滴形、C形、月牙形、碟形、竹节形等，但不仅限于此，还可以为其他形状，在此不一一列举。高亮微结构2的截面为V形结构，且若干高亮微结构2的顶角的角度相同，高亮微结构2具体的顶角角度在此不做具体限定。
请参见图2，提亮微结构3包括凸起结构，具体为中间突起，其边缘为凹陷圆环状结构，提亮微结构3的高度为2.5um-4.0um。
导光板本体1具有四个侧面和上下两个表面，其中一个表面为用以出光的出光面，另一个面为微结构面，四个侧面中至少有一个侧面为入光端面，靠近入光端面的导光板本体1容易产生热斑(HotSpot)。HotSpot现象就是指在用LED作光源的侧导光背光模组中，由于LED光源的发散角受到限制在导光板100靠近LED光源的区域出现光柱亮，而产生亮暗不均的现象。这种现象降低了导光板100出光的均匀性，同时也影响着背光的主观效果。
在导光板本体1上形成若干高亮微结构2，得到的导光板100的亮度均匀性具有一个数值，该数值称为基础值，该基础值的范围为70％-85％，即该导光板100的亮度均匀性达到70％-85％，同时高亮微结构2提供导光板100出光面所需亮度的80％-95％，目标值为基础值的105％-120％。导光板100的亮度均匀性的 测量方法为在导光板100表面选取一定数量的测试点，测试点的数量可以是9点，13点，25点，121点，测量测试点的亮度，从而计算出亮度均匀性，对导光板100的亮度的测量方法为现有技术，在此不再赘述。
高亮微结构2和提亮微结构3至少形成在导光板本体1的一个表面上，本实施例中，高亮微结构2和提亮微结构3形成在微结构面上。高亮微结构2和提亮微结构3也可形成在不同表面，在其他实施例中，高亮微结构2也可形成在出光面上。
为了解决HotSpot现象，本实施例中，导光板100表面靠近入光端面的区域为避让区4，避让区4中的高亮微结构2提供50％-60％所需的亮度，即在靠近入光端面的导光板本体1表面的区域形成较少量的高亮微结构2，以此减少对光的反射和折射，使光线尽量不在入口处聚集形成，从而避免热斑的产生。避让区4的面积为导光板本体1表面面积的5％-15％。避让区4所需的其余的亮度由提亮微结构3提供即可。
本发明还提供了一种用以制备上述导光板的制备方法，其包括：
S1、提供表面形成有若干第一微结构的基础导光板模仁；
S2、在基础导光板模仁表面形成若干第二微结构，得到导光板模仁；
S3、利用导光板模仁通过热压印方式形成导光板，其中，第一微结构在导光板上对应形成高亮微结构，第二微结构在导光板上对应形成提亮微结构。
其中，步骤S1中，基础导光板模仁的第一微结构通过灰度刻蚀或机械加工方式制备得到，还可以使用其他方式制备，在此不做具体限定，本实施例中，第一微结构通过灰度光刻工艺制备得到。第一微结构的具体结构根据期望的高亮微结构的具体结构制备。需要说明的是，利用基础导光板模仁得到的导光板需要满足亮度均匀性满足基础值(70％-85％)，同时亮度满足基础值(80％-95％)。具体的，提供导光板基材，利用基础导光板模仁，通过热压印方式在导光板基材的表面形成若干高亮微结构，得到的导光板，检测导光板的亮度和亮度均匀性，然后重复基础导光板模仁的制备流程，直到制备出基础导光板模仁，利用基础导光板模仁能够得到亮度均匀性和亮度同时满足要求基础值的导光板。
一个合格的导光板模仁的制作周期长，通常需要一周到一个月，甚至更长时长，需要说明的是，合格的导光板模仁为；依据该导光板模仁得到的导光板的亮度和亮度均匀性都要达到目标值，一般需要调整制备导光板模仁三次以上，才能使得到的导光板的亮度和亮度均匀性达到目标值。
导光板模仁制备费时，为了缩短制备周期，本申请将亮度和亮度均匀性达到基础值的导光板模仁作为基础板，首先制备出不同尺寸的基础导光板模仁，利用基础导光板模仁可制备出亮度和亮度均匀性达到基础值的导光板。很显然，基础导光板模仁的制备时长明显小于合格导光模仁的制备时长，一般无需调整，或是仅需要调整制备一两次即可得到所需的基础导光板模仁。
步骤S2中，第二微结构通过印刷、激光以及机械方式中的一种制备得到，第二微结构还可以使用其他方式制备，在此不做具体限定。本实施例中，第二微结构通过激光工艺制备得到。第二微结构根据期望的提亮微结构的具体结构制备，具体的，请参见图13，第二微结构5为火山口形貌，中间为火山坑51，边缘为火山口52，火山口52的具体高度可以根据实际需要进行设置。然后通过热压印方式形成具有对应网点结构的导光板，测试导光板亮度均匀性，若亮度均匀性未达到目标值，则重复在基础模仁上形成第二微结构的制备流程，即重复步骤S2和步骤S3直至导光板的亮度均匀性达到目标值。在基础导光板模仁调整一次第二微结构所需的时长为1-2h，此时长一般小于调整一次第一微结构所需要的时间，由此缩短了导光板模仁的制备时长。
关于热压印加工技术制备高亮微结构和提亮微结构的方法为现有技术，在此不再赘述。
另外，基础导光板模仁可多次重复使用，下次制备相同尺寸的导光板时，只需要将该导光板模仁模板利用精密电铸的方式重新复制出一个子模仁就可，子模仁的表面结构跟母模仁的结构一致，无需再加工调整第一微结构制备新的导光板模仁。
可预先制备好不同尺寸的基础导光板模仁，当需要制备导光板时，选取相同尺寸的基础导光板模仁，然后在其表面通过激光、印刷、或机械方式形成第 二微结构，通过热压印方式形成具有对应微结构的导光板，测试导光板亮度并重复在基础模仁上形成提亮微结构的制备流程，直至导光板的亮度均匀性达到目标值。
在后续需要制备亮度和亮度均匀性满足目标值的导光板时，找到相应尺寸的基础导光板模仁，只需要在基础导光板模仁上调整第二微结构即可，得到导光板的亮度和亮度均匀性到达目标值，并能够消除导光板表面的顶白缺陷和入光处的热斑。基于基础导光板模仁制备导光板模仁的时长为1-2h，完成合格的导光板模仁的制作，只需要调整第二微结构两三次即可。
需要说明的是，为了消除导光板的入光处的热斑(hotspot)，需要经过专业的设计，将提亮微结构按照一定规律进行排布，实现写出入光口热斑的目的，同时提升导光板的整体亮度和亮度均匀性，达到目标值。
在实际应用中，为了配合不同功率、不同尺寸、或者不同间距的灯珠，或者缺失顶角或凹槽的导光板本体，都需要重新制定导光板模仁来制备导光板，为了使导光板的亮度和亮度均匀性达到目标值，需要多次调整改进导光板模仁，目标值越高，调整次数越多，每调整一次导光板模仁，就需要花费两周左右的时间。而本实施例中，基础导光板模仁具有基础形状，导光板模仁具有目标形状，目标形状由基础形状依据工艺需求进行裁剪得到，即，只需要选取所需尺寸的基础导光板模仁，然后根据实际需要将该基础导光板模仁裁剪成所需的目标形状后，再在其表面形成第二微结构，得到导光板模仁，基于导光板模仁得到的导光板的亮度和亮度均匀性达到目标值。即使灯珠的功率、尺寸和间距发生了变化，只需要在基础导光板模仁表面根据这个变化形成第二微结构即可，在得到同样性能的导光板的情况下，无需重新制备基础导光板模仁，只需要调整第二微结构即可，大大缩短了制备时长。需要说明的是，裁剪方式为现有技术，在此不再赘述，比如机器裁剪，手动裁剪等。
本发明还提供一种背光模组，具体为侧灯式背光模组，包括，基板、安装在基板上的多个灯珠、导光板、以及位于基板和导光板之间且用以反射光线的反射膜。因提亮微结构为凸起结构，导光板与反射膜之间的距离为提亮微结构 凸起高度，即2.5um-4.0um。
如果背光模组的导光板与反射膜之间距离小于2.5um，当用户按下该背光模组制备的液晶显示屏时，导光板与反射膜接触，由于导光板与反射膜之间的距离较短，导光板与反射膜之间吸引力比较大，当用户松开液晶显示屏时，由于吸引力的存在，导光板的回弹力相对较小，要经过很长一段时间导光板与反射膜才会分开，这样在显示屏上就会看到触碰处的白点很长时间才会消失。
本实施例中的导光板与反射膜之间的距离大于2.5um，当用户按下液晶显示屏时，导光板与反射膜之间距离较长，吸引力急剧变小，当用户松开液晶显示屏时，导光板的回弹力比吸引力大很多，因此导光板与反射膜能够立即分开，这样在显示屏上就会看到触碰处的白点在用户松开液晶显示屏后就消失，不会影响用户体验和使用效果。本实施例中的导光板的提亮微结构凸起高度在2.5um-4.0um之间，具有比较良好的导光性能和抗顶白功能。
综上，本发明的导光板上具有若干使得导光板的亮度均匀性达到基础值的高亮微结构、并在导光板上形成有若干提亮微结构，以提高导光板的亮度和亮度均匀性到目标值，由于形成提亮微结构的制备更为简单，大大缩短了导光板模仁的制备时长。导光板上高亮微结构和提亮微结构的搭配设置，实现了导光板出光效率的增益补强，高亮微结构用于提供导光板的亮度增益，提亮微结构使导光板具备了抗顶白功能，能够避免热斑产生、以及能够调整局部的光学趋势。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种导光板，其特征在于，包括导光板本体、以及形成在所述导光板本体表面上的若干高亮微结构和若干提亮微结构，若干所述高亮微结构使得所述导光板的亮度均匀性达到基础值，若干所述提亮微结构进一步使得所述导光板的亮度均匀性达到目标值，所述目标值大于所述基础值。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的导光板，其特征在于，所述基础值的范围为70％-85％，所述目标值为基础值的105％-120％。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的导光板，其特征在于，所述高亮微结构为内凹结构，自所述导光板本体向内内凹形成，截面为V形结构。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的导光板，其特征在于，所述高亮微结构的形状为长方形、水滴形、C形、月牙形、碟形、竹节形中的一种。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的导光板，其特征在于，所述导光板本体一侧为入光面，所述导光板本体表面包括靠近所述入光面的避让区，所述避让区中的所述高亮微结构的数量少于所述提亮微结构的数量。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的导光板，其特征在于，所述避让区的面积为所述导光板本体表面面积的5％-15％。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的导光板，其特征在于，所述提亮微结构包括凸起结构，所述提亮微结构的高度为2.5um-4.0um。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的导光板，其特征在于，所述导光板本体具有出光面和与之相对的微结构面，所述高亮微结构和所述提亮微结构形成在所述微结构面。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的导光板，其特征在于，所述导光板本体具有出光面和与之相对的微结构面，所述高亮微结构和所述提亮微结构形成在不同表面。
  10. 一种导光板的制备方法，其特征在于，用以制备如权利要求1-9任一项所述的导光板，所述制备方法包括：
    S1、提供表面形成有若干第一微结构的基础导光板模仁；
    S2、在所述基础导光板模仁表面形成若干第二微结构，得到导光板模仁；
    S3、利用所述导光板模仁通过热压印方式形成导光板，其中，所述第一微结构在所述导光板上对应形成高亮微结构，所述第二微结构在所述导光板上对应形成提亮微结构。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的导光板的制备方法，其特征在于，测量所述导光板的亮度均匀性，若所述亮度均匀性未达到目标值，则重复所述步骤S2和步骤S3，直至所述导光板的亮度均匀性达到所述目标值。
  12. 如权利要求10所述的导光板的制备方法，其特征在于，所述第二微结构通过印刷、激光以及机械方式中的一种制备得到。
  13. 如权利要求10所述的导光板的制备方法，其特征在于，所述基础导光板模仁具有基础形状，所述导光板模仁具有目标形状，所述目标形状由所述基础形状依据工艺需求进行裁剪得到。
  14. 一种背光模组，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-9任一项所述的导光板。
PCT/CN2021/137722 2021-05-08 2021-12-14 背光模组、导光板及其制备方法 WO2022237158A1 (zh)

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