WO2022186266A1 - 化合物、化合物の製造方法及び表面処理剤の製造方法 - Google Patents
化合物、化合物の製造方法及び表面処理剤の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022186266A1 WO2022186266A1 PCT/JP2022/008825 JP2022008825W WO2022186266A1 WO 2022186266 A1 WO2022186266 A1 WO 2022186266A1 JP 2022008825 W JP2022008825 W JP 2022008825W WO 2022186266 A1 WO2022186266 A1 WO 2022186266A1
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- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 3
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- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006459 hydrosilylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ANYSGBYRTLOUPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium tetramethylpiperidide Chemical compound [Li]N1C(C)(C)CCCC1(C)C ANYSGBYRTLOUPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000003541 multi-stage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IUBQJLUDMLPAGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N([K])[Si](C)(C)C IUBQJLUDMLPAGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007870 radical polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XNRNJIIJLOFJEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;1-oxidopyridine-2-thione Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N1C=CC=CC1=S XNRNJIIJLOFJEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclohexylphosphine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C09D171/00—Coating compositions based on polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D171/02—Polyalkylene oxides
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- C07C17/263—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton by condensation reactions
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- C07C22/04—Cyclic compounds containing halogen atoms bound to an acyclic carbon atom having unsaturation in the rings containing six-membered aromatic rings
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- C07C41/18—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds
- C07C41/30—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds by increasing the number of carbon atoms, e.g. by oligomerisation
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- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/002—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from unsaturated compounds
- C08G65/005—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from unsaturated compounds containing halogens
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- C08G65/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers only
- C08G65/22—Cyclic ethers having at least one atom other than carbon and hydrogen outside the ring
- C08G65/223—Cyclic ethers having at least one atom other than carbon and hydrogen outside the ring containing halogens
- C08G65/226—Cyclic ethers having at least one atom other than carbon and hydrogen outside the ring containing halogens containing fluorine
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- C08G65/32—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
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- C08G65/32—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a compound, a method for producing a compound, and a method for producing a surface treatment agent.
- Fluorine-containing compounds are used in various fields such as agricultural chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and functional materials. There is a need to synthesize various structures by a simpler method. For example, in order to impart various functions to compounds having fluoroalkyl groups or (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chains, synthetic methods for introducing various substituents have been investigated.
- Patent Literature 1 discloses a method for producing a fluorine-containing compound in which a perfluoroalkyl bromide is added to an olefin compound by a radical reaction.
- Patent Document 1 The method of Patent Document 1 is not suitable for synthesizing compounds having a carbon-carbon double bond because the olefin reacts, and the types of electrophiles are limited. In addition, since the product can undergo further radical reaction and undergo telomerization, there is a problem that various by-products are produced.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel compound, a method for producing the same, a method for producing other compounds using the novel compound as a raw material, and a method for producing a surface treatment agent.
- the present invention provides a compound having the following structures [1] to [4], a method for producing the same, and a method for producing a surface treatment agent.
- G 1 —(CH 2 ) n —M Formula (A1) M—(CH 2 ) n —G 2 —(CH 2 ) n —M Formula (A2)
- G 1 is a fluoroalkyl group or a monovalent group having a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain
- G 2 is a fluoroalkylene group or a divalent group having a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain
- M is BR 1 R 2
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently —OH, —R 5 , —OR 5 , —O—C(O)—R 5 , or —NR 5 R 6 R 5 is a hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent or may have a heteroatom in the carbon
- G 1 -(CH 2 ) n-2 -CH CH 2 Formula (B1)
- G 1 is a monovalent group having a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain
- G2 is a divalent group having a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently a group represented by —OH, —R 5 , —OR 5 , —O—C(O)—R 5 , or —NR 5 R 6
- R 5 is a hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent or may have a heteroatom in the carbon chain
- two R 5 may be linked to form a ring structure
- R 6 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- n is an integer from 2 to 20;
- R 11 -X 1 Formula (D) G 1 —(CH 2 ) n —R 11 Formula (E1) R 11 —(CH 2 ) n —G 2 —(CH 2 ) n —R 11 formula (E2)
- G 1 is a fluoroalkyl group or a monovalent group having a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain
- G 2 is a fluoroalkylene group or a divalent group having a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain
- n is an integer from 2 to 20
- R 11 is a hydrocarbon group optionally having a substituent and optionally having a heteroatom
- X 1 is a halogen atom.
- the present invention provides a novel compound, a method for producing the same, a method for producing other compounds using the novel compound as a raw material, and a method for producing a surface treatment agent.
- (A1) is referred to as compound (A1).
- Compounds and the like represented by other formulas are also in accordance with these.
- (Poly)oxyfluoroalkylene is a generic term for oxyfluoroalkylene and polyoxyfluoroalkylene.
- a fluoroalkyl group is a collective term for a perfluoroalkyl group and a partial fluoroalkyl group.
- a perfluoroalkyl group means a group in which all hydrogen atoms of an alkyl group are substituted with fluorine atoms.
- a partial fluoroalkyl group is an alkyl group in which one or more hydrogen atoms are substituted with fluorine atoms and which has one or more hydrogen atoms. That is, a fluoroalkyl group is an alkyl group having one or more fluorine atoms.
- "Reactive silyl group” is a general term for hydrolyzable silyl groups and silanol groups (Si-OH), and "hydrolyzable silyl group” is a group that can be hydrolyzed to form a silanol group. means.
- a "surface layer” means a layer formed on the surface of a substrate.
- " ⁇ " indicating a numerical range means that the numerical values before and after it are included as lower and upper limits.
- the compound according to the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as the present compound) is a compound represented by formula (A1) or formula (A2) below.
- G 1 —(CH 2 ) n —M Formula (A1) M—(CH 2 ) n —G 2 —(CH 2 ) n —M Formula (A2)
- G 1 is a fluoroalkyl group or a monovalent group having a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain
- G 2 is a fluoroalkylene group or a divalent group having a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain
- M is BR 1 R 2
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently —OH, —R 5 , —OR 5 , —O—C(O)—R 5 , or —NR 5 R 6
- R 5 is a hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent or may have a heteroatom in the carbon chain, and two R 5
- the present compound has a structure in which a fluoroalkyl chain or (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain and an alkyl chain are linked by a carbon-carbon bond or an oxygen-carbon bond, not through various bonds such as an ester bond or an amide bond. and the alkyl chain has a boron-based substituent (M).
- M boron-based substituent
- the present compound has excellent chemical stability because the fluoroalkyl chain or (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain and the alkyl chain are linked without any bond.
- this compound has a substituent M on the alkyl chain.
- the present compound having such a structure is a fluoroalkyl chain or (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain with various functionalities, which is easy to introduce a substituent at the position of M by one-step or multi-step reaction. It is a compound suitable as a raw material for obtaining
- the fluoroalkyl group for G 1 may be a linear fluoroalkyl group or a fluoroalkyl group having a branched or ring structure.
- the number of carbon atoms in the fluoroalkyl group may be appropriately adjusted depending on the application of the present compound. From the viewpoint of ease of production of the present compound and high yield in the production of other compounds using the present compound as a raw material, it is preferably 1 to 30, more preferably 1 to 20, and further preferably 1 to 10. 1 to 6 are particularly preferred.
- fluoroalkyl groups include CF 3 —, CHF 2 —, CF 3 CF 2 —, CF 3 CHF—, CF 3 CF 2 CF 2 —, CF 3 CHFCF 2 —, CF 3 CHFCHF—, CF 3 CF ( CF3 )-, CF3CF2CF2CF2- , CF3CHFCF2CF2- , CF3CF ( CF3 ) -CF2- , CF3C ( CF3 ) 2 - CF2- , CF 3CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 —, CF 3 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 —, fluorocyclobutyl group, fluorocyclopentyl group, fluorocyclohexyl group and the like.
- the monovalent group having a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain in G 1 has —O— at the terminal that bonds to CH 2 in formula (A1), or has a carbon chain of 2 or more carbon atoms—carbon A fluoroalkyl group having —O— between atoms or including both. From the standpoint of ease of production, etc., G1 preferably has a structure represented by the following formula ( G1-1 ).
- R f0 is a fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- R f1 is a fluoroalkylene group having 1 carbon atoms
- R f2 is a fluoroalkylene group having 2 carbon atoms
- R f3 is a fluoroalkylene group having 3 carbon atoms
- R f4 is a fluoroalkylene group having 4 carbon atoms
- R f5 is a fluoroalkylene group having 5 carbon atoms
- R f6 is a fluoroalkylene group having 6 carbon atoms
- R f7 is a fluoroalkylene group having 1
- the bonding order of (R f1 O) to (R f6 O) in formula (G1-1) is arbitrary.
- m1 to m6 in formula (G1-1) represent the number of (R f1 O) to (R f6 O), respectively, and do not represent the arrangement.
- (R f5 O) m5 indicates that the number of (R f5 O) is m5, and does not indicate the block arrangement structure of (R f5 O) m5 .
- the order of (R f1 O) to (R f6 O) does not represent the order of bonding of the respective units.
- the end of G 1 that binds to CH 2 is -O-.
- the fluoroalkylene group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms may be a linear fluoroalkylene group or a fluoroalkylene group having a branched or ring structure.
- m1 + m2 + m3 + m4 + m5 + m6 is an integer of 1 to 200, that is, G 1 is a polyoxyfluoroalkylene chain from the viewpoint of water and oil repellency and fingerprint removability.
- G 1 is a polyoxyfluoroalkylene chain from the viewpoint of water and oil repellency and fingerprint removability.
- m7 is preferably 1 from the viewpoint of chemical stability of compound (A1).
- R f1 examples include -CF 2 - and -CHF-.
- R f2 examples include -CF 2 CF 2 -, -CHFCF 2 -, -CHFCHF-, -CH 2 CF 2 -, and -CH 2 CHF-.
- R f3 include -CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 -, -CF 2 CHFCF 2 -, -CF 2 CH 2 CF 2 -, -CHFCF 2 CF 2 -, -CHFCHFCF 2 -, -CHFCHFCHF-, - CHFCH2CF2- , -CHFCH2CF2- , -CH2CF2CF2- , -CH2CHFCF2- , -CH2CH2CF2- , -CH2CF2CHF- , -CH2CHFCHF _ _ -, -CH 2 CH 2 CHF-, -CF(CF 3 )-CF 2 -, -CF(CHF 2 )-CF 2 -, -CF(CH 2 F)-CF 2 -, -CF(CH 3 ) -CF 2 -, -CF(CF 3 )-CHF-, -CF(CHF 2 )-CHF-, -CF(CH 2 F)-CF 2
- R f4 include -CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 -, -CHFCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 -, -CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 -, -CF 2 CHFCF 2 CF 2 -, -CHFCHFCF 2CF2- , -CH2CHFCF2CF2- , -CF2CH2CF2CF2- , -CHFCH2CF2CF2- , -CH2CH2CF2CF2- , -CHFCF2CHFCF2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - -, -CH 2 CF 2 CHFCF 2 -, -CF 2 CHFCHFCF 2 -, -CHFCHFCHFCF 2 -, -CH 2 CHFCHFCF 2 -, -CF 2 CH 2 CHFCF 2 -, -CHFCH 2 CHFCF 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2CHFCF2- , -CF2CH2CH2CF2- , -
- R f5 include -CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 -, -CHFCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 -, -CH 2 CHFCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 -, -CF 2 CHFCF 2 CF 2 CF2- , -CHFCHFCF2CF2CF2- , -CH2CHFCF2CF2CF2- , -CF2CH2CF2CF2CF2- , -CHFCH2CF2CF2- , -CH _ _ _ _ _ _ 2CH2CF2CF2CF2- , -CF2CF2CHFCF2CF2- , -CHFCF2CHFCF2CF2- , -CH2CF2CHFCF2CF2- , -CH2CF2CHFCF2CF2- , -CH2CF2CHFCF2CF2- , -CF2CF2CHFCF2CF2- , -CH2CF2CHFCF2CF2- , -CF2CF
- R f6 include -CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 -, -CF 2 CF 2 CHFCHFCF 2 CF 2 -, -CHFCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 -, -CHFCHFCHFCHFCHFCHF- , -CHFCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CH 2 -, -CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CH 2 -, -cycloC 6 F 10 - and the like.
- R f0 and R f7 are the same as those listed above for R f1 to R f6 .
- -cycloC 4 F 6 - means a perfluorocyclobutanediyl group, a specific example of which is a perfluorocyclobutane-1,2-diyl group.
- -cycloC 5 F 8 - means a perfluorocyclopentanediyl group, and specific examples thereof include a perfluorocyclopentane-1,3-diyl group.
- -cycloC 6 F 10 - means a perfluorocyclohexanediyl group, a specific example of which is a perfluorocyclohexane-1,4-diyl group.
- G1 is a monovalent group having a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain in view of superior water/oil repellency, abrasion resistance, and fingerprint stain removability. is preferred, and a monovalent group having a polyoxyfluoroalkylene chain is more preferred. Among them, it is preferable to have structures represented by the following formulas (F1) to (F3).
- the bonding order of (R f1 O) and (R f2 O) and (R f2 O) and (R f4 O) is arbitrary.
- (R f1 O) and (R f2 O) may be alternately arranged, (R f1 O) and (R f2 O) may be arranged in blocks, or may be randomly arranged.
- formula (F3) m1 is preferably 1-30, more preferably 1-20.
- m2 is preferably 1-30, more preferably 1-20.
- m2 is preferably 1-30, more preferably 1-20.
- m4 is preferably 1-30, more preferably 1-20.
- m3 is preferably 1-30, more preferably 1-20.
- the fluoroalkylene group for G2 may be linear, branched, or have a cyclic structure.
- the number of carbon atoms in the fluoroalkylene group is preferably from 1 to 30, more preferably from 1 to 20, even more preferably from 1 to 10, and particularly preferably from 1 to 6, from the viewpoint of increasing the yield of the present production method.
- Specific examples of the fluoroalkylene group include those listed above for R f1 to R f6 .
- the divalent group having a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain in G 2 is, in formula (A2), two terminals bonded to CH 2 each independently having —O—, or a carbon chain having 2 or more carbon atoms is a fluoroalkylene group having —O— between the carbon-carbon atoms of or a combination thereof.
- G2 preferably has a structure represented by the following formula ( G2-1 ).
- m0+m1+m2+m3+m4+m5+m6 is an integer of 2 to 200, that is, G2 is a polyoxyfluoroalkylene chain in terms of water and oil repellency and fingerprint removability. is preferably Further, for example, from the viewpoint of chemical stability of the compound (A2), m0 is preferably 0 or m7 is 1, more preferably m0 is 0 and m7 is 1. .
- G2 When the resulting compound ( A2 ) is used as a surface treatment agent or a raw material thereof, G2 has excellent water and oil repellency, abrasion resistance, and fingerprint stain removability. It preferably has a structure represented by formula (F6).
- the bonding order of (R f1 O) and (R f2 O) and (R f2 O) and (R f4 O) is arbitrary.
- (R f1 O) and (R f2 O) may be alternately arranged, (R f1 O) and (R f2 O) may be arranged in blocks, or may be randomly arranged.
- m1 is preferably 1-30, more preferably 1-20.
- m2 is preferably 1-30, more preferably 1-20.
- m2 is preferably 1-30, more preferably 1-20.
- m4 is preferably 1-30, more preferably 1-20.
- m3 is preferably 1-30, more preferably 1-20.
- the ratio of fluorine atoms in the fluoroalkyl chains or (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chains in G 1 and G 2 [ ⁇ number of fluorine atoms / (number of fluorine atoms + number of hydrogen atoms) ⁇ ⁇ 100 (%)] is water repellent From the viewpoint of excellent oil repellency and fingerprint removability, it is preferably 40% or more, more preferably 50% or more, and even more preferably 60% or more. Further, the molecular weight of the (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain portion is preferably 200 to 30,000, more preferably 600 to 25,000, even more preferably 800 to 20,000, and 1,000 from the viewpoint of abrasion resistance. ⁇ 8,000 is particularly preferred.
- M represents a boron-based substituent BR 1 R 2 , where R 1 and R 2 are each independently —OH, —R 5 , —OR 5 , —O—C(O)—R 5 , or —NR 5
- R 6 is a hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent or may have a heteroatom in the carbon chain, and two R 5 are linked to A ring structure may be formed
- R 6 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the hydrocarbon group for R 5 includes an aliphatic hydrocarbon group (straight-chain alkyl group, branched alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, etc.).
- the hydrocarbon group may have include a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, an amino group, a nitro group, a sulfo group, an oxo group, and the like.
- a halogen atom is preferable from the viewpoint of the stability of the compound in.
- the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, and a bromine atom.
- Heteroatoms may be included in the carbon chain, either alone or in combination with other substituents such as oxo groups.
- partial structures containing heteroatoms include -C(O)NR 25 -, -C(O)O-, -C(O)-, -O-, -NR 25 -, -S-, - OC(O)O—, —NHC(O)O—, —NHC(O)NR 25 —, —SO 2 NR 25 —, —Si(R 25 ) 2 —, —OSi(R 25 ) 2 — , etc. is mentioned.
- R 25 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group.
- Structures in which two R 5s are linked to form a ring structure include, for example, *-R 5 -*, *-OR 5 -*, *-OR 5 -O-*, *-O- C(O)-R 5 -C(O)-O-*, *-NR 6 -R 5 -NR 6 -* and the like.
- * is a linking group that binds to B, forming a ring structure containing B.
- BR 1 R 2 Specific examples include the following.
- compound (A1) and compound (A2) include the following.
- M is as described above, n11 to n24 represent the number of repeating units, each independently an integer of 1 to 200, n31 is an integer of 1 to 18, n32 to n38 are each independently 0 to 18 integers.
- the production method of the present compound is not particularly limited, but the following production method is preferable from the viewpoints of relatively easy availability of raw materials and excellent yield. That is, the method for producing compound (A1) or compound (A2) according to the present invention comprises reacting a compound represented by formula (B1) or formula (B2) below with a compound represented by formula (C1) below.
- G 1 -(CH 2 ) n-2 -CH CH 2 Formula (B1)
- G 1 , G 2 , R 1 , R 2 and n are the same as those in formula (A1) or formula (A2) above, and preferred embodiments are also the same.
- the compound (B1) or the compound (B2), the compound (C1), and, if necessary, a radical polymerization initiator such as an azo polymerization initiator are added to a solvent and heated to obtain a compound compound (
- the compound (A1) or compound (A2) can be obtained by adding the compound (C1) to the olefin of B1) or compound (B2).
- the reaction temperature is not particularly limited, it can be, for example, 40 to 120°C.
- the reaction time is appropriately adjusted according to the amount of the compound and the like, and can be, for example, 1 to 40 hours.
- compound (B1) and compound (B2) include the following.
- n11 to n24 represent the number of repeating units and are each independently an integer of 1 to 200
- n31 is an integer of 1 to 18
- n32 to n38 are each independently an integer of 0 to 18.
- the above compound (B1) and compound (B2) can be obtained, for example, by an elimination reaction of a compound represented by the following formula (H1) or (H2).
- G 1 -X Formula (H1) XG 2 -X Formula (H2) However, G1 and G2 in the formula are as described above, and X is a halogen atom.
- the method for producing a compound represented by the following formula (E1) or (E2) comprises reacting the compound (A1) or the compound (A2) with a compound represented by the following formula (D).
- R 11 -X 1 Formula (D) G 1 —(CH 2 ) n —R 11 Formula (E1)
- G 1 G 2 and n are as described above, and preferred embodiments are also the same
- R 11 is a hydrocarbon group optionally having a substituent and optionally having a heteroatom
- X 1 is a halogen atom.
- hydrocarbon group for R 11 examples include aliphatic hydrocarbon groups (straight-chain alkyl groups, branched alkyl groups, cycloalkyl groups, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbon groups (phenyl groups, etc.), groups consisting of combinations thereof, and the like. is mentioned.
- the above aliphatic hydrocarbon group may have a double bond or triple bond in the carbon chain.
- Combinations include, for example, groups in which an alkylene group and an aryl group are linked directly or via a heteroatom.
- substituents that the hydrocarbon group may have include halogen atoms, hydroxy groups, amino groups, nitro groups, sulfo groups, oxo groups, and the like. Atoms are preferred.
- a halogen atom includes a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and the like.
- Heteroatoms may be included in the carbon chain, either alone or in combination with other substituents such as oxo groups.
- Specific examples of partial structures containing heteroatoms include -C(O)NR 26 -, -C(O)O-, -C(O)-, -O-, -NR 26 -, -S-, - OC(O)O—, —NHC(O)O—, —NHC(O)NR 26 —, —SO 2 NR 26 —, —Si(R 26 ) 2 —, —OSi(R 26 ) 2 — , — Examples thereof include Si(CH 3 ) 2 -Ph-Si(CH 3 ) 2 -, divalent organopolysiloxane residues, and the like.
- R 26 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenyl group, and Ph is a phenylene group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group of R 26 is preferably from 1 to 3, particularly preferably from 1 to 2, from the standpoint of ease of production of the present compound.
- the hydrocarbon group for R 11 preferably has a carbon-carbon double bond. Having a double bond in the compound (E1) or the compound (E2) makes it possible to easily introduce other substituents through an addition reaction.
- the halogen atom for X 1 is preferably a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom, more preferably a chlorine atom or a bromine atom, and still more preferably a bromine atom.
- Suitable specific examples of the compound (D) include the following.
- the compound (A1) or compound (A2) and the compound represented by the following formula (D) can be reacted, for example, by heating in a solvent in the presence of a catalyst and a base.
- a catalyst include known metal catalysts, among which transition metal compounds are preferred, among which compounds containing group 8 to group 11 elements are more preferred, and at least one element selected from copper, nickel, palladium and cobalt. Compounds containing are preferred.
- the copper may be zerovalent, monovalent, divalent, or trivalent, but salts or complexes of monovalent or divalent copper are preferred from the viewpoint of catalytic performance.
- Copper chloride is more preferable from the viewpoint of availability. Both CuCl and CuCl 2 can be suitably used as copper chloride.
- Copper chloride may be an anhydride or a hydrate, but an anhydride of copper chloride is more preferable from the viewpoint of catalytic ability.
- the nickel may be zerovalent, monovalent, divalent, or trivalent, but from the viewpoint of catalytic performance, salts or complexes of nickel with zero or divalent are preferred.
- Nickel chloride (NiCl 2 ) or nickel bromide (NiBr2) is more preferable from the viewpoint of availability.
- Nickel chloride may be either an anhydride or a hydrate, but nickel chloride anhydride is more preferable from the viewpoint of catalytic ability.
- the nickel bromide may form a complex, and examples thereof include nickel (II) bromide 2-methoxyethyl ether complex and nickel (II) bromide ethylene glycol dimethyl ether complex.
- the palladium may be any compound having zero valence, monovalence, divalence, or trivalence. preferable.
- tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (Pd 2 (dba) 3 ) and palladium acetate (Pd(OAc) 2 ) are more preferable in terms of availability.
- tris(dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium and palladium acetate may be either anhydrides or hydrates. things are more preferred.
- the ligand may be used in combination with the metal catalyst as needed.
- the ligand include 1,3-butadiene, tricyclohexylphosphine, 1,1 -Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocenephenylpropyne, tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA), and the like.
- the base is preferably a strong base with low nucleophilicity, such as potassium tert-butoxide, lithium diisopropylamide, potassium hexamethyldisilazide, lithium-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide and the like. be done.
- the solvent may be appropriately selected from solvents inert to this reaction.
- solvents inert to this reaction examples thereof include ether solvents such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran (THF) and dioxane.
- ether solvents such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran (THF) and dioxane.
- THF tetrahydrofuran
- dioxane dioxane
- the compound (A1) and the compound (A2) are compounds having a relatively high fluorine atom content, it is preferable to use a fluorine-based solvent alone or in combination with the above solvent.
- fluorine-based solvents examples include hydrofluorocarbons (1H,4H-perfluorobutane, 1H-perfluorohexane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane, 1,1,2,2,3,3, 4-heptafluorocyclopentane, 2H,3H-perfluoropentane, etc.), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (3,3-dichloro-1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane, 1,3-dichloro-1,1 , 2,2,3-pentafluoropropane (HCFC-225cb), etc.), hydrofluoroethers (CF 3 CH 2 OCF 2 CF 2 H (AE-3000), (perfluorobutoxy)methane, (perfluorobutoxy)ethane, etc.
- hydrofluorocarbons (1H,4H-perfluorobutane, 1H-perfluorohexane, 1,1,1,3,3-penta
- hydrochlorofluoroolefins ((Z)-1-chloro-2,3,3,4,4,5,5-heptafluoro-1-pentene (HCFO-1437dycc (Z) form), (E)- 1-chloro-2,3,3,4,4,5,5-heptafluoro-1-pentene (HCFO-1437dycc (E) form), (Z)-1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoro -1-propene (HCFO-1233yd(Z) form), (E)-1-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene (HCFO-1233yd(E) form), etc.), fluorine-containing aromatic compounds (perfluorobenzene, m-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene (SR-solvent), p-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene, etc.);
- the method for producing a surface treating agent according to the present invention is characterized by introducing a reactive silyl group into the compound (E1) or compound (E2) obtained by the above production method.
- a compound having a (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain and a hydrolyzable silyl group can form a surface layer exhibiting high lubricity, water and oil repellency, etc. on the surface of a base material, and is therefore suitably used as a surface treatment agent. .
- a method for introducing a reactive silyl group into compound (E1) or compound (E2) may be appropriately selected according to the substituents possessed by compound (E1) or compound (E2).
- compound (E1) or compound (E2) when compound (E1) or compound (E2) has a double bond, it can be introduced by subjecting the double bond to a hydrosilylation reaction with compound (J1) or (J2) below.
- R 40 is an alkyl group, and when there are multiple R 40 , the R 40 may be the same or different, L is a hydrolyzable group or a hydroxyl group, multiple L may be the same or different, R 41 is an alkyl group, and when there are multiple R 41 , the R 41 may be the same or different, R 42 is an alkyl group, a phenyl group or an alkoxy group, two R 42 may be the same or different, c is 2 or 3, k is 2 or 3, p is an integer of 0 to 5, and when p is 2 or more, two or more (OSi(R 42 ) 2 ) may be the same or different.
- Compound (J1) may be synthesized or a
- a reactive silyl group is a group in which either or both of a hydrolyzable group and a hydroxyl group are bonded to a silicon atom.
- a hydrolyzable group is a group that becomes a hydroxyl group through a hydrolysis reaction. That is, a hydrolyzable silyl group becomes a silanol group (Si—OH) through a hydrolysis reaction.
- the silanol groups further undergo an intermolecular dehydration condensation reaction to form Si--O--Si bonds.
- the silanol group undergoes a dehydration condensation reaction with the hydroxyl group (substrate-OH) on the surface of the substrate to form a chemical bond (substrate-O-Si).
- Hydrolyzable groups include, for example, alkoxy groups, halogen atoms, acyl groups, and isocyanate groups.
- alkoxy group an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is preferable.
- a chlorine atom is preferable as the halogen atom.
- an alkoxy group or a halogen atom is preferable from the viewpoint of ease of production.
- an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is preferable from the viewpoint of less outgassing during application and excellent storage stability of the present compound, and when long-term storage stability of the present compound is required.
- An ethoxy group is particularly preferred, and a methoxy group is particularly preferred when the reaction time after coating the substrate with the surface treatment agent is shortened.
- a surface treatment agent represented by the following formula can be obtained.
- n11 to n22 represent the number of repeating units and are each independently integers of 1 to 200, and n31 to n37 are each independently integers of 0 to 18.
- Substrates to which the surface treatment agent is applied include substrates that are required to be imparted with water and oil repellency. For example, it is placed on other articles (e.g., a stylus), a base material that may be used in contact with a person's fingers, a base material that may be held with a person's fingers during operation, or another article (e.g., a mounting table).
- substrates that may be Materials for the substrate include metal, resin, glass, sapphire, ceramic, stone, and composite materials thereof. The glass may be chemically strengthened.
- a base film such as a SiO 2 film may be formed on the surface of the substrate.
- touch panel substrates, display substrates, and spectacle lenses are suitable, and touch panel substrates are particularly suitable.
- Glass or transparent resin is preferable as the material for the touch panel substrate.
- the base material are glass or resin films used for exterior parts (excluding display parts) of devices such as mobile phones (e.g., smartphones), personal digital assistants (e.g., tablet terminals), game machines, and remote controllers.
- a surface treatment agent containing such a fluorine-containing compound has the ability to prevent deterioration of water and oil repellency even when the surface layer is repeatedly rubbed with fingers (rubbing resistance), and can easily remove fingerprints adhered to the surface layer by wiping. It is suitable for applications that require long-term maintenance of the performance (fingerprint smudge removability), for example, as a surface treatment agent for members constituting the surface touched by the finger of the touch panel, eyeglass lenses, and displays of wearable terminals.
- Examples 1-2, 1-3, 2-4, 2-5 and 2-6 are examples of the manufacturing method.
- Example 1 ⁇ Example 1-1> 44 g of allyltributyltin, 84 g of dodecane, and 7.8 g of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium were added to a 300 mL eggplant-shaped flask and stirred and mixed at room temperature, then 51 g of compound 1-1 was slowly added and stirred at 40° C. for 20 hours. The resulting crude liquid was filtered and purified by distillation to obtain 33 g of compound 1-2.
- Example 1-2 15 g of compound 1-2 and 100 g of 0.5 M THF solution of 9-hydro-9-borabicyclo[2,2,0]nonane were added to a 200 mL eggplant flask and stirred at 60° C. for 15 hours. The resulting crude liquid was purified by distillation to obtain 14 g of compound 1-3.
- Example 1-3 1.5 g of compound 1-3, (2-bromoethyl)benzene 1.2 g, tetrahydrofuran 10 g, nickel bromide (II) 2-methoxyethyl ether complex 0.6 g, trans-N,N'- 0.33 g of dimethylcyclohexane-1,2-diamine, 0.55 g of potassium t-butoxy and 0.73 g of isobutyl alcohol were added and stirred at 60° C. for 24 hours. After that, hydrochloric acid was added, the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was washed with a saturated aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate solution. After concentrating the resulting organic layer, it was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 0.9 g of compound 1-4.
- R in the following formula is CH2CH2Phe and Phe is a phenyl group.
- Example 2 ⁇ Example 2-1> The following compound 2-1 was obtained according to the method described in Examples 11-1 to 11-3 of the working examples of WO 2013/121984. CF3 - O- ( CF2CF2O - CF2CF2CF2CF2O ) n CF2CF2O - CF2CF2CF2 - CF2OC ( O)CF ( CF3 ) OCF2CF 2 CF 3 Formula 2-1 Average number of units n: 13
- Example 2-2 5.8 g of sodium pyrithione and 100 mL of 1,3-bistrifluoromethylbenzene (trade name SR-Solvent) were placed in a 500 mL eggplant flask shielded from light with aluminum foil and stirred under ice cooling. Then, 50.0 g of compound 2-1 was slowly added and stirred for 2 hours while cooling with ice. Next, 12.0 g of iodine and 1.8 g of 2,2-azobis(2-methylbutyronitrile) (trade name V-59) were added, the aluminum foil that had been shielded from light was removed, and the mixture was stirred overnight at 85°C. did.
- SR-Solvent 1,3-bistrifluoromethylbenzene
- Example 2-3 47 g of compound 2-2, 20 g of allyltributyltin, 60 g of 1,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene, and 0.32 g of 2,2′-azobis(2-methylbutyronitrile) were added to a 300 mL eggplant flask. C. for 24 hours. The resulting crude liquid was concentrated, washed with hexane, and purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain 42 g of compound 2-3.
- Example 2-4 10 g of compound 2-3, 60 g of 1,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene, and 8.3 g of 0.5 MTHF solution of 9-hydro-9-borabicyclo[2,2,0]nonane were placed in a 100 mL eggplant flask. and stirred at 60° C. for 24 hours. The resulting crude liquid was concentrated to obtain 11 g of compound 2-4.
- Example 2-5 11 g of compound 2-4, 0.61 g of 6-bromo-1-hexene, 40 g of 1,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene, 20 g of tetrahydrofuran, nickel (II) bromide 2-methoxyethyl ether in a 100 mL eggplant flask 0.5 g of the complex, 0.28 g of trans-N,N'-dimethylcyclohexane-1,2-diamine, 0.51 g of potassium t-butoxy and 0.69 g of isobutyl alcohol were added and stirred at 60° C. for 24 hours.
- Example 2-6 10 g of compound 2-3, 60 g of 1,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene, and 0.26 g of 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane were added to a 100 mL eggplant flask. and 60° C. for 30 hours. After concentrating the resulting crude liquid, it was purified by column chromatography to obtain 7 g of compound 2-6.
- an arbitrary substituent can be introduced into a compound having a fluoroalkylene chain or (poly)oxyfluoroalkylene chain under relatively mild reaction conditions using an easily available compound.
- the compound obtained by this production method can be suitably used, for example, as a surface treatment agent capable of forming a surface layer having water/oil repellency, fingerprint wiping off property, etc. on the substrate surface, or as a raw material thereof.
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Abstract
Description
例えば特許文献1には、オレフィン化合物にペルフルオロアルキルブロミドをラジカル反応で付加する、含フッ素化合物の製造方法が開示されている。
[1] 下記式(A1)又は式(A2)で表される化合物。
G1-(CH2)n-M 式(A1)
M-(CH2)n-G2-(CH2)n-M 式(A2)
ただし、式中、
G1は、フルオロアルキル基、又は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する1価の基であり、
G2は、フルオロアルキレン基、又は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する2価の基であり、
Mは、BR1R2であって、R1及びR2は各々独立に、-OH、-R5、-OR5、-O-C(O)-R5、又は-NR5R6で表される基であり、R5は、置換基を有していてもよく炭素鎖中にヘテロ原子を有していてもよい炭化水素基であり、2つのR5が連結して環構造を形成していてもよく、R6は、水素原子又は炭素数1~6のアルキル基であり、Mが複数ある場合、当該Mは、同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
nは2~20の整数である。
[2] 下記式(B1)又は式(B2)で表される化合物と、下記式(C1)で表される化合物とを反応させることを含む、請求項1に記載の化合物の製造方法。
G1-(CH2)n-2-CH=CH2 式(B1)
CH2=CH-(CH2)n-2-G2-(CH2)n-2-CH=CH2 式(B2)
HBR1R2 式(C1)
ただし、式中、
G1は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する1価の基であり、
G2は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する2価の基であり、
R1及びR2は各々独立に、-OH、-R5、-OR5、-O-C(O)-R5、又は-NR5R6で表される基であり、R5は、置換基を有していてもよく炭素鎖中にヘテロ原子を有していてもよい炭化水素基であり、2つのR5が連結して環構造を形成していてもよく、R6は、水素原子又は炭素数1~6のアルキル基であり、
nは2~20の整数である。
[3] [1]の化合物と、下記式(D)で表される化合物とを反応させることを含む、下記式(E1)又は式(E2)で表される化合物の製造方法。
R11-X1 式(D)
G1-(CH2)n-R11 式(E1)
R11-(CH2)n-G2-(CH2)n-R11 式(E2)
ただし、式中、
G1は、フルオロアルキル基、又は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する1価の基であり、
G2は、フルオロアルキレン基、又は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する2価の基であり、
nは2~20の整数であり、
R11は、置換基を有していてもよくヘテロ原子を有していてもよい炭化水素基であり、
X1は、ハロゲン原子である。
[4] [3]に記載の製造方法により前記式(E1)又は式(E2)で表される化合物を得て、当該化合物に反応性シリル基を導入する表面処理剤の製造方法。
「(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン」とは、オキシフルオロアルキレンとポリオキシフルオロアルキレンとの総称である。
フルオロアルキル基とは、ペルフルオロアルキル基とパーシャルフルオロアルキル基とを合わせた総称である。ペルフルオロアルキル基とは、アルキル基の水素原子が全てフッ素原子で置換された基を意味する。またパーシャルフルオロアルキル基とは、水素原子の1個以上がフッ素原子で置換され、かつ、水素原子を1個以上有するアルキル基である。
すなわちフルオロアルキル基は1個以上のフッ素原子を有するアルキル基である。
「反応性シリル基」とは、加水分解性シリル基及びシラノール基(Si-OH)の総称であり、「加水分解性シリル基」とは、加水分解反応してシラノール基を形成し得る基を意味する。
「表面層」とは、基材の表面に形成される層を意味する。
数値範囲を示す「~」は、その前後に記載された数値を下限値及び上限値として含むことを意味する。
本発明に係る化合物(以下、本化合物とも記す)は、下記式(A1)又は式(A2)で表される化合物である。
G1-(CH2)n-M 式(A1)
M-(CH2)n-G2-(CH2)n-M 式(A2)
ただし、式中、
G1は、フルオロアルキル基、又は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する1価の基であり、
G2は、フルオロアルキレン基、又は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する2価の基であり、
Mは、BR1R2であって、R1及びR2は各々独立に、-OH、-R5、-OR5、-O-C(O)-R5、又は-NR5R6で表される基であり、R5は、置換基を有していてもよく炭素鎖中にヘテロ原子を有していてもよい炭化水素基であり、2つのR5が連結して環構造を形成していてもよく、R6は、水素原子又は炭素数1~6のアルキル基であり、Mが複数ある場合、当該Mは、同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
nは2~20の整数である。
本化合物は上述の通り、フルオロアルキル鎖又は(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖とアルキル鎖とが各種結合を介さず連結しているため、化学的安定性に優れている。また、本化合物はアルキル鎖が置換基Mを有している。このような構造を有する本化合物は、1段階、又は多段階の反応により、当該Mの位置に置換基を導入しやすく、様々な機能性を付与したフルオロアルキル鎖又は(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を得るための原料として好適な化合物である。
フルオロアルキル基の具体例としては、CF3-、CHF2-、CF3CF2-、CF3CHF-、CF3CF2CF2-、CF3CHFCF2-、CF3CHFCHF-、CF3CF(CF3)-、CF3CF2CF2CF2-、CF3CHFCF2CF2-、CF3CF(CF3)-CF2-、CF3C(CF3)2-CF2-、CF3CF2CF2CF2CF2-、CF3CF2CF2CF2CF2CF2-、フルオロシクロブチル基、フルオロシクロペンチル基、フルオロシクロヘキシル基などが挙げられる。
G1における(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する1価の基は、式(A1)中の、CH2に結合する末端に-O-を有するか、炭素数2以上の炭素鎖の炭素-炭素原子間に-O-を有するか、又はこれらの両方を含むフルオロアルキル基である。製造の容易性などの点から、G1は下式(G1-1)で表される構造が好ましい。
Rf0O-[(Rf1O)m1(Rf2O)m2(Rf3O)m3(Rf4O)m4(Rf5O)m5(Rf6O)m6]-(Rf7)m7- 式(G1-1)
ただし、
Rf0は、炭素数1~20のフルオロアルキル基であり、
Rf1は、炭素数1のフルオロアルキレン基であり、
Rf2は、炭素数2のフルオロアルキレン基であり、
Rf3は、炭素数3のフルオロアルキレン基であり、
Rf4は、炭素数4のフルオロアルキレン基であり、
Rf5は、炭素数5のフルオロアルキレン基であり、
Rf6は、炭素数6のフルオロアルキレン基であり、
Rf7は、炭素数1~6のフルオロアルキレン基であり、
m1、m2、m3、m4、m5、m6は、それぞれ独立に0又は1以上の整数を表し、m7は0又は1の整数であり、m1+m2+m3+m4+m5+m6+m7は0~200の整数である。
なお、式(G1-1)における(Rf1O)~(Rf6O)の結合順序は任意である。
式(G1-1)のm1~m6は、それぞれ、(Rf1O)~(Rf6O)の個数を表すものであり、配置を表すものではない。例えば、(Rf5O)m5は、(Rf5O)の数がm5個であることを表し、(Rf5O)m5のブロック配置構造を表すものではない。同様に、(Rf1O)~(Rf6O)の記載順は、それぞれの単位の結合順序を表すものではない。
m7が0のとき、G1のCH2に結合する末端は-O-である。m7が1のとき、G1のCH2に結合する末端は炭素原子(Rf7の末端の炭素原子)である。
上記炭素数3~6のフルオロアルキレン基は、直鎖フルオロアルキレン基であってもよく、分岐、または環構造を有するフルオロアルキレン基であってもよい。
また、例えば化合物(A1)の化学的安定性の点からは、m7は1が好ましい。
Rf2の具体例としては、-CF2CF2-、-CHFCF2-、-CHFCHF-、-CH2CF2-、-CH2CHF-などが挙げられる。
Rf3の具体例としては、-CF2CF2CF2-、-CF2CHFCF2-、-CF2CH2CF2-、-CHFCF2CF2-、-CHFCHFCF2-、-CHFCHFCHF-、-CHFCH2CF2-、-CHFCH2CF2-、-CH2CF2CF2-、-CH2CHFCF2-、-CH2CH2CF2-、-CH2CF2CHF-、-CH2CHFCHF-、-CH2CH2CHF-、-CF(CF3)-CF2-、-CF(CHF2)-CF2-、-CF(CH2F)-CF2-、-CF(CH3)-CF2-、-CF(CF3)-CHF-、-CF(CHF2)-CHF-、-CF(CH2F)-CHF-、-CF(CH3)-CHF-、-CF(CF3)-CH2-、-CF(CHF2)-CH2-、-CF(CH2F)-CH2-、-CF(CH3)-CH2-、-CH(CF3)-CF2-、-CH(CHF2)-CF2-、-CH(CH2F)-CF2-、-CH(CH3)-CF2-、-CH(CF3)-CHF-、-CH(CHF2)-CHF-、-CH(CH2F)-CHF-、-CH(CH3)-CHF-、-CH(CF3)-CH2-、-CH(CHF2)-CH2-、-CH(CH2F)-CH2-などが挙げられる。
Rf4の具体例としては、-CF2CF2CF2CF2-、-CHFCF2CF2CF2-、-CH2CF2CF2CF2-、-CF2CHFCF2CF2-、-CHFCHFCF2CF2-、-CH2CHFCF2CF2-、-CF2CH2CF2CF2-、-CHFCH2CF2CF2-、-CH2CH2CF2CF2-、-CHFCF2CHFCF2-、-CH2CF2CHFCF2-、-CF2CHFCHFCF2-、-CHFCHFCHFCF2-、-CH2CHFCHFCF2-、-CF2CH2CHFCF2-、-CHFCH2CHFCF2-、-CH2CH2CHFCF2-、-CF2CH2CH2CF2-、-CHFCH2CH2CF2-、-CH2CH2CH2CF2-、-CHFCH2CH2CHF-、-CH2CH2CH2CHF-、-cycloC4F6-などが挙げられる。
Rf5の具体例としては、-CF2CF2CF2CF2CF2-、-CHFCF2CF2CF2CF2-、-CH2CHFCF2CF2CF2-、-CF2CHFCF2CF2CF2-、-CHFCHFCF2CF2CF2-、-CH2CHFCF2CF2CF2-、-CF2CH2CF2CF2CF2-、-CHFCH2CF2CF2CF2-、-CH2CH2CF2CF2CF2-、-CF2CF2CHFCF2CF2-、-CHFCF2CHFCF2CF2-、-CH2CF2CHFCF2CF2-、-CF2CF2CHFCF2CF2-、-CHFCF2CHFCF2CF2-、-CH2CF2CHFCF2CF2-、-CH2CF2CF2CF2CH2-、-cycloC5F8-などが挙げられる。
Rf6の具体例としては、-CF2CF2CF2CF2CF2CF2-、-CF2CF2CHFCHFCF2CF2-、-CHFCF2CF2CF2CF2CF2-、-CHFCHFCHFCHFCHFCHF-、-CHFCF2CF2CF2CF2CH2-、-CH2CF2CF2CF2CF2CH2-、-cycloC6F10-などが挙げられる。
また、Rf0及びRf7の具体例としては、上記Rf1~Rf6で挙げられたものと同様のものが挙げられる。
ここで、-cycloC4F6-は、ペルフルオロシクロブタンジイル基を意味し、その具体例としては、ペルフルオロシクロブタン-1,2-ジイル基が挙げられる。-cycloC5F8-は、ペルフルオロシクロペンタンジイル基を意味し、その具体例としては、ペルフルオロシクロペンタン-1,3-ジイル基が挙げられる。-cycloC6F10-は、ペルフルオロシクロヘキサンジイル基を意味し、その具体例としては、ペルフルオロシクロヘキサン-1,4-ジイル基が挙げられる。
(Rf1O)m1-(Rf2O)m2-(Rf7)m17 式(F1)
(Rf2O)m2-(Rf4O)m4-(Rf7)m17 式(F2)
(Rf3O)m3-(Rf7)m17 式(F3)
ただし、(F1)~下式(F3)の各符号は、前記式(G1-1)と同様である。
式(F1)において、m1は1~30が好ましく、1~20がより好ましい。またm2は1~30が好ましく、1~20がより好ましい。
式(F2)において、m2は1~30が好ましく、1~20がより好ましい。またm4は1~30が好ましく、1~20がより好ましい。
式(F3)において、m3は1~30が好ましく、1~20がより好ましい。
フルオロアルキレン基の具体例としては、上記Rf1~Rf6で挙げられたものと同様のものが挙げられる。
-(O)m0-[(Rf1O)m1(Rf2O)m2(Rf3O)m3(Rf4O)m4(Rf5O)m5(Rf6O)m6]-(Rf7)m7- 式(G2-1)
ただし、m0は0又は1の整数であり、Rf1、Rf2、Rf3、Rf4、Rf5、Rf6、Rf7、m1、m2、m3、m4、m5、m6、及びm7は、前記G1におけるものと同様である。なお、式(G2-1)における(Rf1O)~(Rf6O)の結合順序は任意であり、前記式(G1-1)で説明したとおりである。
m7が0のとき、G2のCH2に結合する片側末端は-O-である。m7が1のとき、G2のCH2に結合する片側末端は炭素原子(Rf7の末端の炭素原子)である。また、m0が1のとき、G2のCH2に結合する片側末端は-O-である。m0が0のとき、G2のCH2に結合する片側末端は炭素原子(Rf1~Rf7のいずれかの末端の炭素原子)である。なお、m0とm7は各々独立に0又は1である。
また、例えば化合物(A2)の化学的安定性の点からは、m0が0であるか、又はm7が1であることが好ましく、m0が0であり、且つm7が1であることがより好ましい。
-(O)m0-(Rf1O)m1-(Rf2O)m2-(Rf7)m7 式(F4) -(O)m0-(Rf2O)m2-(Rf4O)m4-(Rf7)m7 式(F5) -(O)m0-(Rf3O)m3-(Rf7)m7 式(F6)
ただし、(F4)~下式(F6)の各符号は、前記式(G2-1)と同様である。
式(F4)において、m1は1~30が好ましく、1~20がより好ましい。またm2は1~30が好ましく、1~20がより好ましい。
式(F5)において、m2は1~30が好ましく、1~20がより好ましい。またm4は1~30が好ましく、1~20がより好ましい。
式(F6)において、m3は1~30が好ましく、1~20がより好ましい。
また、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖部分の分子量は、耐摩耗性の点から、200~30,000が好ましく、600~25,000がより好ましく、800~20,000が更に好ましく、1,000~8,000が特に好ましい。
R5における炭化水素基としては、脂肪族炭化水素基(直鎖アルキル基、分岐を有するアルキル基、シクロアルキル基等などが挙げられる。上記脂肪族炭化水素基は炭素鎖中に二重結合又は三重結合を有していてもよい。炭化水素基が有していてもよい置換基としては、ハロゲン原子、ヒドロキシ基、アミノ基、ニトロ基、スルホ基、オキソ基などが挙げられ、本製造方法における化合物の安定性の点から、ハロゲン原子が好ましい。ハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子などが挙げられる。
ヘテロ原子は、単独で、又はオキソ基などの他の置換基との組み合わせで、炭素鎖中に含まれていてもよい。ヘテロ原子を含む部分構造の具体例としては、-C(O)NR25-、-C(O)O-、-C(O)-、-O-、-NR25-、-S-、-OC(O)O-、-NHC(O)O-、-NHC(O)NR25-、-SO2NR25-、-Si(R25)2-、-OSi(R25)2-、などが挙げられる。ただし、R25は、水素原子、炭素数1~6のアルキル基又はフェニル基である。
2つのR5が連結して環構造を形成した構造としては、例えば、*-R5-*、*-O-R5-*、*-O-R5-O-*、*-O-C(O)-R5-C(O)-O-*、*-NR6-R5-NR6-*などが挙げられる。ここで*はBと結合する連結基であり、Bを含む環構造が形成されている。
上記本化合物の製造方法は、特に限定されるものではないが、原料の入手が比較的容易で、収率に優れる点から、下記の製造方法が好ましい。
即ち、本発明に係る化合物(A1)又は化合物(A2)の製造方法は、下記式(B1)又は式(B2)で表される化合物と、下記式(C1)で表される化合物とを反応させることを特徴とする。
G1-(CH2)n-2-CH=CH2 式(B1)
CH2=CH-(CH2)n-2-G2-(CH2)n-2-CH=CH2 式(B2)
HBR1R2 式(C1)
ただし、式中、
G1、G2、R1、R2及びnは前記式(A1)又は式(A2)におけるものと同様であり好ましい態様も同様である。
G1-X 式(H1)
X-G2-X 式(H2)
ただし、式中のG1及びG2は前述のとおりであり、Xはハロゲン原子である。
本発明に係る下記式(E1)又は式(E2)で表される化合物の製造方法は、前記化合物(A1)又は化合物(A2)と、下記式(D)で表される化合物とを反応させることを特徴とする。
R11-X1 式(D)
G1-(CH2)n-R11 式(E1)
R11-(CH2)n-G2-(CH2)n-R11 式(E2)
ただし、式中、G1G2、nは前述のとおりであり、好ましい態様も同様であり、
R11は、置換基を有していてもよくヘテロ原子を有していてもよい炭化水素基であり、
X1は、ハロゲン原子である。
炭化水素基が有していてもよい置換基としては、ハロゲン原子、ヒドロキシ基、アミノ基、ニトロ基、スルホ基、オキソ基などが挙げられ、本製造方法における化合物の安定性の点から、ハロゲン原子が好ましい。ハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子などが挙げられる。
ヘテロ原子は、単独で、又はオキソ基などの他の置換基との組み合わせで、炭素鎖中に含まれていてもよい。ヘテロ原子を含む部分構造の具体例としては、-C(O)NR26-、-C(O)O-、-C(O)-、-O-、-NR26-、-S-、-OC(O)O-、-NHC(O)O-、-NHC(O)NR26-、-SO2NR26-、-Si(R26)2-、-OSi(R26)2-、-Si(CH3)2-Ph-Si(CH3)2-、2価のオルガノポリシロキサン残基などが挙げられる。ただし、R26は、水素原子、炭素数1~6のアルキル基又はフェニル基であり、Phは、フェニレン基である。本化合物の製造容易性の点から、R26のアルキル基の炭素数は、1~3が好ましく、1~2が特に好ましい。
触媒としては、公知の金属触媒が挙げられ、中でも遷移金属化合物が好ましく、中でも、8族~11族元素を含む化合物がより好ましく、銅、ニッケル、パラジウム及びコバルトより選択される1種以上の元素を含む化合物が好ましい。
フッ素系溶媒としては、例えば、ハイドロフルオロカーボン類(1H,4H-ペルフルオロブタン、1H-ペルフルオロヘキサン、1,1,1,3,3-ペンタフルオロブタン、1,1,2,2,3,3,4-ヘプタフルオロシクロペンタン、2H,3H-ペルフルオロペンタン等)、ハイドロクロロフルオロカーボン類(3,3-ジクロロ-1,1,1,2,2-ペンタフルオロプロパン、1,3-ジクロロ-1,1,2,2,3-ペンタフルオロプロパン(HCFC-225cb)等)、ハイドロフルオロエーテル類(CF3CH2OCF2CF2H(AE-3000)、(ペルフルオロブトキシ)メタン、(ペルフルオロブトキシ)エタン等)、ハイドロクロロフルオロオレフィン類((Z)-1-クロロ-2,3,3,4,4,5,5-ヘプタフルオロ-1-ペンテン(HCFO-1437dycc(Z)体)、(E)-1-クロロ-2,3,3,4,4,5,5-ヘプタフルオロ-1-ペンテン(HCFO-1437dycc(E)体)、(Z)-1-クロロ-2,3,3-トリフルオロ-1-プロペン(HCFO-1233yd(Z)体)、(E)-1-クロロ-2,3,3-トリフルオロ-1-プロペン(HCFO-1233yd(E)体)等)、含フッ素芳香族化合物類(ペルフルオロベンゼン、m-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼン(SR-ソルベント)、p-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼン等)等が挙げられる。
本発明に係る表面処理剤の製造方法は、前述の製造方法により得られた化合物(E1)又は化合物(E2)に反応性シリル基を導入することを特徴とする。(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖と加水分解性シリル基とを有する化合物は、高い潤滑性、撥水撥油性等を示す表面層を基材の表面に形成できるため、表面処理剤に好適に用いられる。
HSi(R40)3-c(L)c 式(J1)
HSi(R41)3-k[-(OSi(R42)2)p-O-Si(R40)3-c(L)c]k 式(J2)
ただし、式中、
R40はアルキル基であり、R40が複数ある場合、当該R40は同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
Lは、加水分解性基又は水酸基であり、複数あるLは同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
R41は、アルキル基であり、R41が複数ある場合、当該R41は同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
R42は、アルキル基、フェニル基又はアルコキシ基であり、2個のR42は同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
cは、2又は3であり、
kは、2又は3であり、
pは、0~5の整数であり、pが2以上の場合、2以上の(OSi(R42)2)は同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
なお、化合物(J1)は合成してもよく、市販品を用いてもよい。また、化合物(J2)は、例えば、特願2018-085493号の明細書に記載の方法によって製造できる。
シラノール基は、さらに分子間で脱水縮合反応してSi-O-Si結合を形成する。また、シラノール基は、基材の表面の水酸基(基材-OH)と脱水縮合反応して、化学結合(基材-O-Si)を形成する。
加水分解性基としては、例えば、アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、アシル基、イソシアナート基が挙げられる。アルコキシ基としては、炭素数1~6のアルコキシ基が好ましい。
ハロゲン原子としては、塩素原子が好ましい。
加水分解性基としては、製造の容易性の点から、アルコキシ基又はハロゲン原子が好ましい。加水分解性基としては、塗布時のアウトガスが少なく、本化合物の保存安定性に優れる点から、炭素数1~4のアルコキシ基が好ましく、本化合物の長期の保存安定性が必要な場合にはエトキシ基が特に好ましく、基材への表面処理剤のコーティング後の反応時間を短時間とする場合にはメトキシ基が特に好ましい。
基材の材料としては、金属、樹脂、ガラス、サファイア、セラミック、石、これらの複合材料が挙げられる。ガラスは化学強化されていてもよい。基材の表面にはSiO2膜等の下地膜が形成されていてもよい。
基材としては、タッチパネル用基材、ディスプレイ用基材、メガネレンズが好適であり、タッチパネル用基材が特に好適である。タッチパネル用基材の材料としては、ガラス又は透明樹脂が好ましい。
また、基材としては、携帯電話(例えばスマートフォン)、携帯情報端末(例えばタブレット端末)、ゲーム機、リモコン等の機器における外装部分(表示部を除く)に使用する、ガラス又は樹脂フィルムも好ましい。
<例1-1>
300mLのナスフラスコにアリルトリブチルスズ44g、ドデカン84g、テトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム7.8gを加え、室温で撹拌混合した後、化合物1-1の51gをゆっくり加え、40℃で20時間撹拌した。得られた粗液を濾過した後、蒸留によって精製し、化合物1-2の33gを得た。
200mLのナスフラスコに化合物1-2の15g、9-ヒドロ-9-ボラビシクロ[2,2,0]ノナンの0.5M THF溶液100gを加え、60℃で15時間撹拌した。得られた粗液を蒸留によって精製し、化合物1-3の14gを得た。
50mLのナスフラスコに化合物1-3の1.5g、(2-ブロモエチル)ベンゼン1.2g、テトラヒドロフラン10g、臭化ニッケル(II)2-メトキシエチルエーテル錯体0.6g、trans-N,N′-ジメチルシクロヘキサン-1,2-ジアミン0.33g、t-ブトキシカリウム0.55g、イソブチルアルコール0.73gを加え、60℃で24時間撹拌した。その後塩酸を加え、酢酸エチルで抽出、有機層を飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液で洗浄した。得られた有機層を濃縮した後、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーによって精製し化合物1-4の0.9gを得た。下記式のRはCH2CH2PheでありPheはフェニル基である。
<例2-1>
国際公開第2013/121984号の実施例の例11-1~11-3に記載の方法にしたがって下記化合物2-1を得た。
CF3-O-(CF2CF2O-CF2CF2CF2CF2O)nCF2CF2O-CF2CF2CF2-CF2OC(O)CF(CF3)OCF2CF2CF3 式2-1
単位数nの平均値:13
アルミホイルで遮光した500mLのナスフラスコに、ピリチオンナトリウムの5.8g、1,3-ビストリフルオロメチルベンゼン(商品名SR-ソルベント)の100mLを入れ、氷冷下で撹拌した。次いで、化合物2-1の50.0gをゆっくり入れ、氷冷のまま2時間撹拌した。次いで、ヨウ素の12.0g、2,2-アゾビス(2-メチルブチロニトリル)(商品名V-59)の1.8gを入れ、遮光していたアルミホイルを取り除き、85℃で一晩撹拌した。温度を25℃に戻し、メタノールを入れて充分撹拌した後、AC-6000を入れて2層分離し、下層を回収し留去した。得られた粗体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製し、下記化合物2-2の39.8gを得た。
300mLのナスフラスコに化合物2-2の47g、アリルトリブチルスズ20g、1,3-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼン60g、2,2’-アゾビス(2-メチルブチロニトリル)0.32gを加え、90℃で24時間撹拌した。得られた粗液を濃縮した後、ヘキサンで洗浄した後、シリカゲルクロマトグラフィーによって精製し、化合物2-3の42gを得た。
100mLのナスフラスコに化合物2-3の10g、1,3-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼンの60g、9-ヒドロ-9-ボラビシクロ[2,2,0]ノナンの0.5MTHF溶液8.3gを加え、60℃で24時間撹拌した。得られた粗液を濃縮し、化合物2-4の11gを得た。
100mLのナスフラスコに化合物2-4の11g、6-ブロモ-1-ヘキセン0.61g、1,3-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼン40g、テトラヒドロフラン20g、臭化ニッケル(II)2-メトキシエチルエーテル錯体0.5g、trans-N,N’-ジメチルシクロヘキサン-1,2-ジアミン0.28g、t-ブトキシカリウム0.51g、イソブチルアルコール0.69gを加え、60℃で24時間撹拌した。その後塩酸を加え、1,3-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼンで抽出、有機層を飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液で洗浄した。得られた有機層を濃縮した後、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーによって精製し化合物2-5の5.1gを得た。下記式のRはCH2CH2CH2CH2CH=CH2である。
100mLのナスフラスコに化合物2-3の10g、1,3-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼンの60g、4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロランの0.26gを加え、60℃で30時間撹拌した。得られた粗液を濃縮した後、カラムクロマトグラフィーによって精製し化合物2-6の7gを得た。
Claims (4)
- 下記式(A1)又は式(A2)で表される化合物。
G1-(CH2)n-M 式(A1)
M-(CH2)n-G2-(CH2)n-M 式(A2)
ただし、式中、
G1は、フルオロアルキル基、又は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する1価の基であり、
G2は、フルオロアルキレン基、又は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する2価の基であり、
Mは、BR1R2であって、R1及びR2は各々独立に、-OH、-R5、-OR5、-O-C(O)-R5、又は-NR5R6で表される基であり、R5は、置換基を有していてもよく炭素鎖中にヘテロ原子を有していてもよい炭化水素基であり、2つのR5が連結して環構造を形成していてもよく、R6は、水素原子又は炭素数1~6のアルキル基であり、Mが複数ある場合、当該Mは、同一であっても異なっていてもよく、
nは2~20の整数である。 - 下記式(B1)又は式(B2)で表される化合物と、下記式(C1)で表される化合物とを反応させることを含む、請求項1に記載の化合物の製造方法。
G1-(CH2)n-2-CH=CH2 式(B1)
CH2=CH-(CH2)n-2-G2-(CH2)n-2-CH=CH2 式(B2)
HBR1R2 式(C1)
ただし、式中、
G1は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する1価の基であり、
G2は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する2価の基であり、
R1及びR2は各々独立に、-OH、-R5、-OR5、-O-C(O)-R5、又は-NR5R6で表される基であり、R5は、置換基を有していてもよく炭素鎖中にヘテロ原子を有していてもよい炭化水素基であり、2つのR5が連結して環構造を形成していてもよく、R6は、水素原子又は炭素数1~6のアルキル基であり、
nは2~20の整数である。 - 請求項1に記載の化合物と、下記式(D)で表される化合物とを反応させることを含む、下記式(E1)又は式(E2)で表される化合物の製造方法。
R11-X1 式(D)
G1-(CH2)n-R11 式(E1)
R11-(CH2)n-G2-(CH2)n-R11 式(E2)
ただし、式中、
G1は、フルオロアルキル基、又は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する1価の基であり、
G2は、フルオロアルキレン基、又は、(ポリ)オキシフルオロアルキレン鎖を有する2価の基であり、
nは2~20の整数であり、
R11は、置換基を有していてもよくヘテロ原子を有していてもよい炭化水素基であり、
X1は、ハロゲン原子である。 - 請求項3に記載の製造方法により前記式(E1)又は式(E2)で表される化合物を得て、当該化合物に反応性シリル基を導入する表面処理剤の製造方法。
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