WO2022168486A1 - 即席麺の製造方法 - Google Patents
即席麺の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022168486A1 WO2022168486A1 PCT/JP2021/048141 JP2021048141W WO2022168486A1 WO 2022168486 A1 WO2022168486 A1 WO 2022168486A1 JP 2021048141 W JP2021048141 W JP 2021048141W WO 2022168486 A1 WO2022168486 A1 WO 2022168486A1
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
- A23L7/109—Types of pasta, e.g. macaroni or noodles
- A23L7/113—Parboiled or instant pasta
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L27/20—Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments
- A23L27/21—Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments containing amino acids
- A23L27/22—Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments containing amino acids containing glutamic acids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing instant noodles with reduced salt content.
- the target daily salt intake was less than 9 g for adult men and less than 7.5 g for adult women.
- the daily salt intake target value is less than 8g for adult men and less than 7g for adult women.
- the target daily salt intake has decreased to less than 7.5g and less than 6.5g for adult women.
- Patent Documents 1 to 6 disclose techniques for reducing the salt content of noodles.
- Patent Document 1 as a technique related to udon noodles having sufficient elasticity even if the amount of salt added is less than before, in udon noodles containing wheat flour, a paste composition, and water, a paste agent
- the composition describes udon noodles containing xanthan gum, roasted bean gum and guar gum.
- Patent Document 2 describes noodles containing either or both of isomaltulose and reduced isomaltulose as a method for producing noodles with reduced or zero content of sodium salts, especially salt and sodium carbonate, and production of noodles containing method is described.
- Patent Document 3 describes a method for producing noodles using magnesium chloride contained in bittern as a technique for producing salt-free noodles without adding salt.
- Patent Documents 4 to 6 describe techniques for instant noodles that are salt-reduced by adding potassium lactate.
- the amount of sodium glutamate added according to the present invention is more preferably 1 to 3 g per 1 g of the main raw material flour.
- the main raw material powders used in the production of the instant noodles according to the present invention include wheat flour (including durum flour), cereal flour such as buckwheat flour, barley flour and rice flour, and various starches such as potato starch, tapioca starch and corn starch. and these may be used singly or in combination.
- Raw starch, pregelatinized starch, and processed starch such as acetylated starch, etherified starch and crosslinked starch can also be used as the starch.
- auxiliary materials used in the present invention include salt, alkaline agents, phosphates, various thickeners, noodle quality improvers, edible oils and fats, pH adjusters, carotene pigments, and the like, which are commonly used in the production of instant noodles. Dyes, preservatives and the like can be added. These may be added together with the main raw material powder, or may be added after being dissolved or suspended in the kneading water.
- salt is usually added to the kneading water for the flavor and noodle-making properties of the noodles.
- the amount of salt to be added varies depending on the type of noodles desired, but is generally about 1 to 5% by weight with respect to 1 kg of the main raw material flour.
- Figures 1 to 4 show the analysis results of the influence of salt on the physical properties of the dough measured using a Farinograph (manufactured by Brabender) using semi-strong flour (X axis: time (minutes), memory: 2 minutes , Y-axis: Farinograph unit, 1 memory 100 FU).
- the measurement method is 200 g of semi-strong flour, 0.4 g of brine formulation (sodium carbonate 6: potassium carbonate 4) and 0 to 6 g of salt (0 to 3% by weight based on the weight of flour) dissolved in 90 ml of water. It was measured by kneading with a put farinograph.
- the measurement results show that the band width (the width of the upper line and the lower line) in the graph of FIG. becomes narrow from around 8 minutes, and as shown in FIG. In the test section (Test Example 3) where 4 g (20 g per 1 kg of raw material flour) is added, as shown in FIG. 4, around 12 minutes, as shown in FIG. In , the band width became narrow from around 18 minutes, and the more salt was added, the longer it took for the band width to become narrower. This indicates the degree of formation of gluten tissue by the addition of salt, and indicates that the more salt is added, the stronger the gluten tissue is formed.
- test example 3 Up to the test group (test example 3) in which 20 g is added per 1 kg of the main raw material powder shown in FIG.
- test group (test example 2) In the test group (test example 2) in which 10 g is added per 1 kg of the main raw material powder shown in FIG. Therefore, when reducing the amount of salt to 10 g or less per 1 kg of the main raw material flour, it is necessary to improve the noodle-making properties and texture. Therefore, in the present invention, the conditions for adding 0 to 10 g of salt to the kneading water per 1 kg of the main raw material powder were investigated.
- the noodle-making properties and texture are improved.
- Monosodium glutamate is used as an umami seasoning, and is also used as a material for flavoring liquid for instant noodles.
- it is rarely used in the form of being kneaded into kneading water, and in situations where the amount of salt added to kneading water is large, there is little known about the effect of sodium glutamate on improving the noodle-making properties and texture.
- the effect of monosodium glutamate to improve the noodle-making properties and texture is an effect that we have discovered for the first time in reducing salt intake.
- Figures 5 to 7 are farinographs measured by adding no additives, salt alone or monosodium glutamate to semi-strong flour without using a kansui preparation.
- the measurement method is to add 90 ml of water (Test Example 5) or kneading water prepared by dissolving 6 g of salt (Test Example 6) or 11.6 g of sodium glutamate (Test Example 7) in 90 ml of water, and knead with a farinograph into 200 g of semi-strong flour.
- the addition of salt suppresses the reduction of the band width, and the gluten is firmly formed.
- FIG. 7 it was suggested that sodium glutamate also has the effect of forming gluten firmly without reducing the band width, although the behavior of sodium glutamate is slightly different from that of common salt.
- the amount of sodium glutamate to be added is preferably 1-6% by weight per 1 kg of the main raw material flour. If the amount of sodium glutamate added is less than 1% by weight per 1 kg of the main raw material flour, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient effect of improving texture and noodle-making properties. Conversely, if the amount of sodium glutamate added is more than 6% by weight with respect to 1 kg of the main raw material flour, not only will the texture be too hard and firm, but also the taste will be affected. Particularly preferably, it is added in an amount of 1 to 3% by weight based on 1 kg of the main raw material powder.
- the method for producing the noodle dough (dough) according to the present invention may be carried out according to a conventional method. That is, a batch mixer, a flow jet mixer, a vacuum mixer, or the like may be used to knead the main raw material powder and kneading water so that they are uniformly mixed, and a crumbly dough may be produced.
- noodle strings are produced from the produced dough.
- a production method it may be carried out according to a conventional method.
- rolling and cutting may be performed, or after combining a plurality of noodle strips to produce a noodle strip having a multilayer structure, rolling and cutting may be performed.
- the raw noodle strings obtained in the noodle-making process are steamed according to a conventional method to gelatinize the noodle strings.
- Preferred conditions for steaming differ depending on the type and thickness of the noodles, so the preferred conditions may be appropriately set according to the desired texture.
- a steaming method not only boiling or heating with saturated steam, but also heating with superheated steam can be used, and hydration processes such as showering and immersion can be combined.
- a flavoring liquid or a loosening agent can be attached to the steamed noodles by showering or immersion.
- Noodle strings are cut into one serving, weighed, filled in a container called a retainer for drying, and dried.
- a container called a retainer for drying
- they are fried by being immersed in frying oil.
- the temperature of the frying oil is preferably 140-160°C. Drying may be performed so that the water content after drying is 1.5 to 5% by weight.
- Non-fried noodles can be dried by known methods such as hot air drying, high temperature hot air drying, superheated steam drying, and microwave drying.
- a method of drying with hot air such as hot air drying or high-temperature hot air drying is generally used, and drying is preferably performed at a drying temperature of 60 to 150° C. and a wind speed of 1 to 70 m/s.
- the drying process may be performed by combining a plurality of conditions, and the drying may be performed so that the water content after drying is 14.5% by weight or less.
- Example 1 When 10 g of salt was added to kneading water per 1 kg of the main raw material powder> (Example 1-1) 10 g of salt, 2 g of lye preparation (sodium carbonate 6:potassium carbonate 4), 1 g of sodium glutamate dissolved in water and kneaded water made up to 350 ml were added to 1 kg of the main raw material flour consisting of 1 kg of semi-strong flour. The mixture was mixed with a pressure mixer for 15 minutes to prepare a noodle dough.
- the prepared dough was rolled into a rough noodle strip and combined to produce a noodle strip.
- the produced noodle strip was rolled with a roll so as to have a final noodle strip thickness of 0.75 mm, and the noodle strip was cut with a No. 20 square cutting blade roll to obtain noodle strips.
- the noodle strings were steamed for 2 minutes in a steamer into which 240 kg/h of saturated steam was introduced to gelatinize the noodle strings.
- the gelatinized noodle strings were immersed in a seasoning liquid prepared by dissolving 50 g of salt in water and made up to 1 L, cut into pieces of about 30 cm, and then filled into a retainer (container) for frying at 150° C. as 98 g per serving. and dried for 2 minutes and 30 seconds to obtain a fried noodle sample with a water content of 1.5% by weight.
- a seasoning liquid prepared by dissolving 50 g of salt in water and made up to 1 L, cut into pieces of about 30 cm, and then filled into a retainer (container) for frying at 150° C. as 98 g per serving. and dried for 2 minutes and 30 seconds to obtain a fried noodle sample with a water content of 1.5% by weight.
- Example 1-2 A fried noodle sample was prepared according to the method of Example 1-1, except that the amount of sodium glutamate added to the kneading water was 3 g.
- Example 1-1 A fried noodle sample was prepared according to the method of Example 1-1 except that the amount of salt added to the kneading water was 20 g and sodium glutamate was not added.
- Example 1-2 A fried noodle sample was prepared according to the method of Example 1-1, except that sodium glutamate was not added to the kneading water.
- the noodle-making properties of the noodles in each test group and the texture of the noodles after cooking were evaluated based on Comparative Example 1-1.
- the noodle-making property of the noodles is 5 for the same as Comparative Example 1-1, 4 for good although slightly inferior to Comparative Example 1-1, and 4 for continuous mechanical noodle-making that is inferior to Comparative Example 1-1. 3.
- the noodle sample and the powdered soup were placed in a cup-shaped foamed paper cup container, 380 ml of boiling water was added, the lid was placed, and the sample was left for 3 minutes before being eaten and the texture was evaluated.
- the evaluation was conducted by five skilled panelists, and the texture was moderately smooth as in Comparative Example 1-1, and 5 was very good with elasticity. 4 for those with somewhat strong or weak elasticity but generally good, 3 for products with strong or weak elasticity and elasticity compared to Comparative Example 1-1, and compared to Comparative Example 1-1. 2 indicates that it is not suitable as a commercial product due to its poor elasticity, and 1 indicates that it is extremely inferior to that of Comparative Example 1-1 in terms of smoothness and elasticity and cannot be used as a commercial product.
- Table 1 below shows the noodle-making properties and sensory evaluation results for each test plot in Experiment 1.
- Example 2 When salt is not added to kneading water> (Example 2-1) A fried noodle sample was prepared according to the method of Example 1-1, except that salt was not added to the kneading water.
- Example 2-2 A fried noodle sample was prepared according to the method of Example 2-1 except that 2 g of sodium glutamate was added to the kneading water.
- Example 2-3 A fried noodle sample was prepared according to the method of Example 2-1, except that 3 g of sodium glutamate was added to the kneading water.
- Example 2-4 A fried noodle sample was prepared according to the method of Example 2-1, except that 6 g of sodium glutamate was added to the kneading water.
- Comparative Example 2-1 A fried noodle sample was prepared according to the method of Comparative Example 1-1, except that salt was not added to the kneading water.
- Experiment 2 was evaluated in the same way as Experiment 1. Table 2 below shows the noodle-making properties and sensory evaluation results for each test group in Experiment 2.
- the prepared dough was rolled into a rough noodle strip and combined to produce a noodle strip.
- the produced noodle strip was rolled with a roll so as to have a final noodle strip thickness of 1.5 mm, and the noodle strip was cut with a No. 16 round cutting blade roll to obtain noodle strips.
- the noodle strings were steamed for 2 minutes and 30 seconds in a steaming chamber into which 270 kg/h of saturated steam was introduced to gelatinize the noodle strings.
- the gelatinized noodle strings were immersed for 5 seconds in a seasoning liquid prepared by dissolving 45 g of salt, 5 g of gum arabic, and 3 g of sodium glutamate in water and made up to 1 L. After being cut into pieces of about 30 cm, each serving of 145 g was packed in a retainer. and dried at 85° C. for 50 minutes to obtain a non-fried Chinese noodle sample.
- Example 3-2 A non-fried Chinese noodle sample was obtained according to the method of Example 3-1, except that no salt was added to the kneading water and 2 g of sodium glutamate was used.
- Example 3-1 A non-fried Chinese noodle sample was prepared according to the method of Example 3-1, except that the amount of salt added to the kneading water was 20 g and sodium glutamate was not added.
- Example 3-2 A non-fried Chinese noodle sample was prepared according to the method of Example 3-1, except that sodium glutamate added to the kneading water was not added.
- Example 3-3 A non-fried Chinese noodle sample was prepared according to the method of Example 3-2, except that sodium glutamate added to the kneading water was not added.
- Experiment 3 was evaluated in the same way as Experiment 1. However, regarding the cooking method, the noodle sample and the powdered soup were placed in a bowl-shaped polystyrene foam container, 480 ml of boiling water was added, the lid was placed on the container, the container was left to stand for 5 minutes, and then the sample was eaten and the texture was evaluated. Evaluation of noodle-making properties and texture was performed based on Comparative Example 3-1. Table 3 below shows the noodle-making properties and sensory evaluation results for each test group in Experiment 3.
- Non-fried noodles are less prone to discoloration due to lye water than fried noodles, so it is possible to add more lye water, and lye water makes the noodles more productive than fried noodles. was found to improve the noodle-making properties and texture in the same way as fried noodles, even when the amount of salt was 10 g or less per 1 kg of the main raw material flour.
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Abstract
Description
本発明に係る即席麺の製造に使用する主原料粉としては、小麦粉(デュラム粉を含む)、そば粉、大麦粉及び米粉等の穀粉、並びに馬鈴薯澱粉、タピオカ澱粉及びコーンスターチ等の各種澱粉が挙げられ、これらを単独で使用しても、又は混合して使用してもよい。前記澱粉として、生澱粉、α化澱粉、並びにアセチル化澱粉、エーテル化澱粉及び架橋澱粉等の加工澱粉等を使用することもできる。
本発明に係る麺生地(ドウ)の作製方法は、常法に従って行えばよい。すなわち、バッチミキサー、フロージェットミキサー、真空ミキサー等で、主原料粉と練り水とが均一に混ざるように混捏すればよく、そぼろ状のドウを作製すればよい。
次いで作製したドウから麺線を作製する。作製方法としては、常法に従って行えばよく、ドウをロールにより粗麺帯とした後、複合等により麺帯化し、さらにロールにより複数回圧延し、所定の麺帯厚とした後、切刃と呼ばれる切出しロールにより麺帯を切出し、麺線を作製する方法が挙げられる。また、エクストルーダーを用いて麺帯を作製した後、圧延、切出しを行ってもよく、複数の麺帯を合わせて多層構造を持つ麺帯を作製した後、圧延、切出しを行ってもよい。
必要により、製麺工程で得られた生麺線を常法に従って蒸煮し、麺線をα化する。蒸煮条件は、麺の種類、麺の太さにより好ましい条件が異なるため、目的とする食感に合わせて、好ましい条件を適宜設定すればよい。蒸煮の方法としては、ボイルや飽和水蒸気による加熱だけでなく、過熱水蒸気により加熱することもでき、シャワーや浸漬などの水分補給工程を組み合わせることもできる。また、必要により、着味液やほぐれ剤をシャワーや浸漬によって蒸煮した麺に付着させることもできる。
一食分に麺線をカット、計量し、乾燥用のリテーナと呼ばれる容器に充填し、乾燥する。フライ麺の場合は、フライ油に浸漬することでフライ乾燥する。フライ油の温度は140~160℃で行うことが好ましい。乾燥後の水分は、1.5~5重量%となるように乾燥すればよい。
(実施例1-1)
準強力粉1kgからなる主原料粉1kgに対して、食塩10g、かんすい製剤(炭酸ナトリウム6:炭酸カリウム4)2g、グルテミン酸ナトリウム1gを水に溶解して350mlにメスアップした練り水を加え、常圧ミキサーで15分間ミキシングし、麺生地(ドウ)を作製した。
練り水に添加するグルタミン酸ナトリウムの添加量を3gとする以外は、実施例1-1の方法に従ってフライ麺サンプルを作製した。
練り水に添加する食塩の添加量を20g、グルタミン酸ナトリウムを添加しない以外は、実施例1-1の方法に従ってフライ麺サンプルを作製した。
練り水にグルタミン酸ナトリウムを添加しない以外は、実施例1-1の方法に従ってフライ麺サンプルを作製した。
(実施例2-1)
練り水に食塩を添加しない以外は、実施例1-1の方法に従ってフライ麺サンプルを作製した。
練り水に添加するグルタミン酸ナトリウムを2gとする以外は、実施例2-1の方法に従ってフライ麺サンプルを作製した。
練り水に添加するグルタミン酸ナトリウムを3gとする以外は、実施例2-1の方法に従ってフライ麺サンプルを作製した。
練り水に添加するグルタミン酸ナトリウムを6gとする以外は、実施例2-1の方法に従ってフライ麺サンプルを作製した。
練り水に食塩を添加しない以外は、比較例1-1の方法に従ってフライ麺サンプルを作製した。
(実施例3-1)
小麦粉850g、アセチル化タピオカ澱粉150gから成る主原料粉1kgに、食塩10g、グルタミン酸ナトリウム1g、かんすい製剤8g(炭酸カリウム:炭酸ナトリウム=6:4)、リン酸ナトリウム1g、重合リン酸塩1g、マリーゴールド色素0.2gを水400gに溶解した練り水を加え、常圧ミキサーで15分間ミキシングし、麺生地(ドウ)を作製した。
練り水に添加する食塩を添加せず、グルタミン酸ナトリウムを2gとする以外は、実施例3-1の方法に従って、ノンフライ中華麺サンプルを得た。
練り水に添加する食塩の添加量を20gとし、グルタミン酸ナトリウムを添加しない以外は、実施例3-1の方法に従って、ノンフライ中華麺サンプルを作製した。
練り水に添加するグルタミン酸ナトリウムを添加しない以外は、実施例3-1の方法に従って、ノンフライ中華麺サンプルを作製した。
練り水に添加するグルタミン酸ナトリウムを添加しない以外は、実施例3-2の方法に従って、ノンフライ中華麺サンプルを作製した。
Claims (2)
- 主原料粉と、
前記主原料粉1kgに対して、食塩を0~10g、グルタミン酸ナトリウムを1~6g含む練り水と、を混捏し生地を作製する工程と、
作製した前記生地より麺線を作製する工程と、
前記麺線を乾燥する工程と、を含むことを特徴とする即席麺の製造方法。 - 前記グルタミン酸ナトリウムの添加量が、前記主原料粉1kgに対して1~3gであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の即席麺の製造方法。
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