WO2022153841A1 - 摩擦攪拌接合アタッチメント、摩擦攪拌接合ヘッドおよび摩擦攪拌接合装置 - Google Patents
摩擦攪拌接合アタッチメント、摩擦攪拌接合ヘッドおよび摩擦攪拌接合装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022153841A1 WO2022153841A1 PCT/JP2021/048193 JP2021048193W WO2022153841A1 WO 2022153841 A1 WO2022153841 A1 WO 2022153841A1 JP 2021048193 W JP2021048193 W JP 2021048193W WO 2022153841 A1 WO2022153841 A1 WO 2022153841A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- friction stir
- stir welding
- spindle
- welding attachment
- main body
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 66
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/125—Rotary tool drive mechanism
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a friction stir welding attachment, a friction stir welding head, and a friction stir welding device.
- Friction stir welding is used as a material joining method.
- a high torque is required for the rotation of the joining tool in order to obtain sufficient friction heat, and a dedicated friction stir welding device has been conventionally used.
- a general-purpose machine tool can be used as a friction stir welding device as long as a high torque can be obtained (see Patent Document 1).
- the rotation axis of the joining tool is arranged perpendicularly to the surface of the workpiece to be joined.
- the accessibility to the work and the holding property of the softened material are improved. ..
- Such an inclined posture of the rotation axis of the joining tool is realized by providing an inclined mechanism including a bending joint in a friction stir welding head including the joining tool and a friction stir welding attachment to which the joining tool can be attached, and also in a machine tool. This is achieved by adjusting the spindle to an inclined state.
- the joining line between the workpieces to be joined is a straight line, and the joining tool rotating along the joining line is moved.
- it is required to apply friction stir welding to more complicated shapes such as a joining line that bends in the middle and a curved joining line. Therefore, it is required that not only the moving direction of the joining tool but also the tilting direction of the joining tool can be easily changed.
- the applicant has applied a main body mounted on the spindle of a machine tool, a machining shaft rotatably supported on the main shaft and capable of mounting a joining tool, and a rotary drive unit for rotationally driving the machining shaft.
- a friction stirring joint attachment that uses an air motor driven by center through air from the spindle as a rotary drive unit (Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-075490).
- An object of the present invention is to provide a friction stir welding attachment, a friction stir welding head, and a friction stir welding device which have a simple structure, can be adapted to various joinings, and can prevent the work from floating.
- the friction-stirring joining attachment of the present invention is supported by a main body mounted on a spindle or a spindle head of a machine tool, a processing shaft rotatably supported by the main body and having a joining tool mounting portion at the tip, and the main body. It has a pair of pressing members arranged on both sides of the mounting portion, and the pressing members are made of a disk-shaped elastic material and rotate around a rotation axis that diagonally intersects the rotation axis of the processing axis. It is characterized by being freely supported.
- friction stir welding can be performed on the work by mounting the joining tool on the mounting portion and rotating the machining shaft. At this time, by pressing the pair of pressing members against the work, it is possible to prevent the work from rising on both sides of the joining tool. Since the pressing member is formed in a disk shape and is rotatably supported, when the joining tool moves with respect to the work, it can follow by rolling on the work. As a result, friction with the work can be avoided, even if the work has irregularities, it can be overcome, and the work can be pressed in a stable state at all times.
- the pressing member is made of an elastic material and the rotation axis is diagonally arranged with respect to the machining axis, that is, with respect to the work surface, elastic deformation is caused by the pressing force when the pressing member is pressed against the work in advance. By doing so, a stable pressing force can be generated on the work at all times.
- the main body is mounted on the main shaft, and the main body is provided with a rotary drive unit for rotationally driving the processing shaft.
- the direction of inclination of the main body or the joining tool can be freely changed by controlling the rotation angle position of the main shaft in the machine tool.
- the rotation axis of the joining tool is tilted so that the tip side thereof is displaced to the front side in the moving direction, so that the accessibility to the work and the holding property of the softened material can be improved.
- the main body may be attached to the spindle head, and the machining shaft may be connected to the spindle. If it is a multi-axis controlled machine tool, the orientation of the main body can be changed by controlling the orientation of the spindle head.
- the rotary drive unit is preferably an air motor that rotates with air supplied through the axis of the spindle.
- the rotary drive unit of the present invention may be an electric motor in which electric power is supplied from the spindle head via a cable.
- the contour of the outer peripheral portion of the pressing member in the cross-sectional shape along the rotation axis is arcuate.
- the friction stir welding head of the present invention is characterized by having the above-mentioned friction stir welding attachment of the present invention and the joining tool attached to the friction stir welding attachment. In such an invention, the same effect as the above-mentioned friction stir welding attachment of the present invention can be obtained.
- the friction stir welding apparatus of the present invention includes the above-mentioned friction stir welding attachment of the present invention, the joining tool attached to the friction stir welding attachment, and a machine tool equipped with the friction stir welding attachment. It is characterized by. In such an invention, the same effect as the above-mentioned friction stir welding attachment of the present invention can be obtained.
- a friction stir welding attachment a friction stir welding head, and a friction stir welding device which have a simple structure, can be adapted to various joinings, and can prevent the work from floating.
- the perspective view which shows the friction stir welding apparatus of 1st Embodiment of this invention The perspective view which shows the friction stir welding attachment of 1st Embodiment.
- the friction stir welding apparatus 1 of the present embodiment includes a general-purpose machine tool 2 having a vertical spindle, a friction stir welding attachment 10 based on the present invention, and a general-purpose joining tool 20 for friction stir welding. Is installed and configured.
- the machine tool 2 includes a table 3 to which the work 9 is fixed, a spindle 4 to which a tool can be attached to the tip, a spindle head 5 that rotatably supports the spindle 4, and a moving mechanism that moves the spindle head 5 to an arbitrary position. 6 and.
- the moving mechanism 6 has a slider 62 supported by a horizontal guide bar 61, and the spindle head 5 is supported downward from the slider 62. Therefore, by moving the spindle head 5 up and down with respect to the slider 62, the tip of the spindle 4 can be moved to a designated position in the Z-axis direction. Further, by moving the slider 62 along the guide bar 61, the tip of the main shaft 4 can be moved to a designated position in the X-axis direction.
- the spindle 4 has a rotation axis R perpendicular to it (Z-axis direction), and can be rotated around the rotation axis R (C-axis direction) by a drive motor in the spindle head 5 and stopped at a designated angle position.
- the table 3 can be rotated around a vertical axis (C-axis direction) and stopped at a designated angle position by a drive mechanism installed on the bed 7.
- the table 3, the spindle 4, the spindle head 5, and the moving mechanism 6 are each installed on the upper surface of the bed 7, and can be surrounded by a cover 8 that can be opened and closed as a whole.
- a joining tool 20 is attached to the spindle 4 via a friction stir welding attachment 10 based on the present invention.
- the friction stir welding head 19 of the present invention is configured.
- the friction stir welding attachment 10 includes a main body 11 mounted on a spindle 4 of a machine tool 2, a machining shaft 13 rotatably supported by the main body 11 and having a mounting portion 131 of a joining tool 20 at the tip thereof. It has a rotation drive unit 14 that rotationally drives the processing shaft 13, and a pair of pressing members 16 that are supported by the main body 11 and arranged on both sides of the mounting unit 131.
- the main body 11 can be mounted on the spindle 4 with a taper shank 12 based on the standard, has a center through hole 121 along the axis, and can supply center through air to the center through hole 121 from the spindle 4. ..
- the rotary drive unit 14 is composed of an air motor that is rotated by high-pressure air, is rotated by the center through air supplied from the main shaft 4 through the center through hole 121, and can rotationally drive the machining shaft 13.
- Each of the pressing members 16 is formed of a disk-shaped elastic material, and is rotatably supported around a rotating shaft A that diagonally intersects the rotating shaft R of the processing shaft 13.
- the outer peripheral portion 161 of the pressing member 16 has a semicircular contour having a cross-sectional shape in the radial direction, that is, an arc shape having a central angle of about 180 degrees.
- the rotation center of the processing shaft 13 is installed so as to be inclined by a slight angle of about 0 to 5 degrees with respect to the rotation shaft R of the main shaft 4.
- the direction in which the rotation center of the processing shaft 13 is inclined is a direction orthogonal to the rotation axes A of the pair of pressing members 16 (orthogonal directions in the drawing of FIG. 3 to be described later).
- the friction stir welding attachment 10 is mounted on the spindle 4 after the friction stir welding tool 20 is mounted on the mounting portion 131. Then, center through air is supplied from the main shaft 4 through the center through hole 121, the rotary drive unit 14 rotationally drives the machining shaft 13 and the joining tool 20, and the joining tool 20 is used as the joining line of the joining portions W1 and W2 in the work 9. Bring it closer to the WL.
- the rotating joining tool 20 is introduced into the joining line WL, and the pressing member 16 comes into contact with the surface of the work 9.
- a sufficient pressing force is applied so that the pressing member 16 is elastically deformed and bent (see the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 3).
- the direction of the friction stir welding attachment 10 is adjusted by the spindle 4, and the direction in which the machining shaft 13 is inclined is aligned with the joint line WL.
- friction stir welding is performed on the joining line WL by the joining tool 20.
- the pressing member 16 presses the joining portions W1 and W2 of the work 9 on both sides of the joining tool 20, and rolls to the joining portions W1 and W2 as the joining tool 20 moves, whereby the joining tool 20 is frictionally agitated. Lifting of the joint portions W1 and W2 at the portion where the joint portion W1 and W2 are formed is prevented.
- the following effects can be obtained.
- the joining tool 20 by mounting the joining tool 20 on the mounting portion 131 and rotating the machining shaft 13, friction stir welding can be performed on the work 9.
- the pair of pressing members 16 against the work 9 it is possible to prevent the joint portions W1 and W2 of the work 9 from being lifted on both sides of the joining tool 20.
- the pressing member 16 Since the pressing member 16 is formed in a disk shape and is rotatably supported, when the joining tool 20 moves with respect to the work 9, it can follow the work 9 by rolling. As a result, friction with the work 9 can be avoided, even if the work 9 has irregularities, it can be overcome, and the work 9 can be pressed in a stable state at all times.
- the pressing member 16 is made of an elastic material and the rotating shaft A is arranged obliquely with respect to the machining shaft 13, that is, also obliquely with respect to the surface of the work 9, when the pressing member 16 is pressed against the work 9 in advance.
- the rotating shaft A is arranged obliquely with respect to the machining shaft 13, that is, also obliquely with respect to the surface of the work 9, when the pressing member 16 is pressed against the work 9 in advance.
- the direction of inclination of the main body 11 or the joining tool 20 can be freely changed by controlling the rotation angle position of the main shaft 4 in the machine tool 2.
- the rotation axis R of the joining tool 20 is tilted so that the tip side thereof is displaced to the front side in the moving direction, so that the accessibility to the work 9 and the holding property of the softened material can be improved. ..
- the rotary drive unit 14 is an air motor, by using the air from the main shaft 4, it is not necessary to supply external power and the power source can be easily secured.
- the pressing member 16 presses when the pressing member 16 is pressed obliquely with respect to the work 9. Even if the pressing member is elastically deformed, any part of the arc shape can always come into contact with the work 9 in the same state.
- FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
- This embodiment has the same basic configuration as the first embodiment described above, but the air supply path to the rotary drive unit 14 is different. Therefore, the overlapping description of the common part with the first embodiment will be omitted, and the different parts will be described below.
- the center through hole 121 is provided in the main body 11, and the rotation drive unit 14 is rotated by the center through air supplied from the main shaft 4.
- the outer peripheral member 17 is mounted on the outer periphery of the main body 11.
- the outer peripheral member 17 is rotatably mounted on the outer periphery of the main body 11 around the rotation shaft R, and can be connected to the spindle head 5 by the extension member 171 and the sub shank 172.
- An air passage is formed from the sub shank 173 to the outer peripheral member 17, and air from the spindle head 5 can be supplied. Air can be supplied to the rotary drive unit 14 between the outer peripheral member 17 and the main body 11 via an annular groove formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral member 17 or the outer peripheral surface of the main body 11.
- the drive air of the rotary drive unit 14 can be supplied from the spindle head 5. Therefore, even if the spindle 4 does not have a center-through air supply function, it is easy to supply air to the rotary drive unit 14 by forming the air supply pipe in the spindle head 5. Further, by using the outer peripheral member 17, only the outer peripheral member 17 needs to be fixed to the main shaft head 5, and since the main body 11 is rotatable with respect to the outer peripheral member 17, the main body 11 or the joining tool 20 by the main shaft 4 is used. You can freely adjust the direction of the inclination of.
- the pressing member 16 is made of a disk-shaped elastic material, but it may have a polygonal shape as long as it can roll to the work 9 when the joining tool 20 moves with respect to the work 9, or is limited to a plate shape. Instead, it may be a roller or the like in which an elastic member is formed in a columnar shape. In the above embodiment, the pressing member 16 may be in a posture in which the front side in the traveling direction is wider than the rear side.
- the air motor is used as the rotary drive unit 14, but the rotary drive unit of the present invention may be an electric motor in which electric power is supplied from the spindle head 5 via a cable.
- the main body 11 is mounted on the spindle 4 and the orientation can be changed by the spindle 4, but the main body 11 may be mounted on the spindle head 5.
- the machining shaft 13 is connected to the spindle 4, and the joining tool 20 can be rotationally driven by the rotational force of the spindle 4. Even in this case, if the machine tool 2 is multi-axis control, the direction of inclination of the main body 11 or the joining tool 20 can be changed by controlling the direction of the spindle head 5.
- the present invention can be used for a friction stir welding attachment, a friction stir welding head, and a friction stir welding device.
- Friction stirring joining device 2 ... Machine tool, 3 ... Table, 4 ... Spindle, 5 ... Spindle head, 6 ... Moving mechanism, 7 ... Bed, 8 ... Cover, 9 ... Work, 10 ... Friction stirring joining attachment, 11 ... Main body, 12 ... Tapered shank, 121 ... Center through hole, 13 ... Machining shaft, 131 ... Mounting part, 14 ... Rotation drive part, 16 ... Pressing member, 161 ... Outer peripheral part, 17 ... Outer peripheral member, 171 ... Extension member, 172 ... Sub-shank, 173 ... Sub-shank, 19 ... Friction stirring joining head, 20 ... Joining tool, 61 ... Guide bar, 62 ... Slider, A ... Rotating shaft of pressing member, R ... Rotating shaft of machining shaft, W1, W2 ... Joint part, WL... joint line.
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Abstract
Description
摩擦攪拌接合においては、十分な摩擦熱を得るために、接合ツールの回転に高トルクが必要であり、従来は専用の摩擦攪拌接合装置が用いられてきた。一方、高トルクが得られるものであれば、汎用の工作機械を摩擦攪拌接合装置として用いることができる(特許文献1参照)。
前述した特許文献1では、接合するワークの表面に対して接合ツールの回転軸が垂直に配置されていた。これに対し、接合ツールの回転軸を傾斜させ、その先端側が移動方向の前側に変位するような姿勢とすることにより、ワークへの進入性および軟化した材料の抑え込み性を高めることがなされている。
このような接合ツールの回転軸の傾斜姿勢は、接合ツールを含む摩擦攪拌接合ヘッドや接合ツールを装着可能な摩擦攪拌接合アタッチメントに屈曲ジョイントを含む傾斜機構を設けて実現されるほか、工作機械の主軸を傾斜状態に調整することで実現される。
このような要求に対し、本出願人は、工作機械の主軸に装着される本体と、本体に回転自在に支持されかつ接合ツールを装着可能な加工軸と、加工軸を回転駆動する回転駆動部とを有し、回転駆動部として主軸からのセンタースルーエアで駆動されるエアモータを用いる摩擦攪拌接合アタッチメントを開発している(特願2020-075490号)。
ワークの浮き上がりに対し、ワークの表側(裏当て部材と反対側)からワークを押圧する押さえ部材の追加が考えられるが、汎用の工作機械ではそのような機構の追加は難しい。また、接合線が直線でなく多様な曲線である場合など、接合ツールに先行して押さえ部材でワークを押さえることはさらに難しい。
一方、押圧部材がワークに摺動するものである場合、摩擦抵抗やワーク表面への擦り傷などが生じる可能性がある。さらに、ワークが接合線に沿って凹凸を有する場合、押圧部材が凹凸と干渉して移動を妨げられる可能性がある。
このようなことから、構造が簡素で、多様な接合に適応でき、かつワークの浮き上がりを防止できる手段の開発が求められていた。
押圧部材は、円盤状に形成されかつ回転自在に支持されているため、接合ツールがワークに対して移動する際に、ワークに転動することで追従できる。これにより、ワークに対する摩擦を避け、ワークに凹凸があっても乗り越えることができ、常時安定した状態でワークを押圧できる。
さらに、押圧部材は、弾性材料で形成され、かつ回転軸が加工軸に対して斜め、つまりワーク表面に対しても斜めに配置されているため、予めワークに押圧する際に押圧力で弾性変形させておくことで、ワークに対して常時安定した押圧力を発生できる。
このような本発明では、本体が主軸に装着されるため、工作機械において主軸の回転角度位置を制御することで、本体ないし接合ツールの傾きの向きを自由に変更できる。
これにより、接合ツールの回転軸を傾斜させ、その先端側が移動方向の前側に変位するような姿勢とすることにより、ワークへの進入性および軟化した材料の抑え込み性を高めることができる。
なお、本体は主軸ヘッドに装着され、加工軸は主軸に接続されていてもよい。多軸制御の工作機械であれば、主軸ヘッドの向きの制御により本体の向きを変更できる。
このような本発明では、主軸からのエアを用いることで、外部動力の供給などが必要なく、動力源を容易に確保できる。
なお、本発明の回転駆動部としては、主軸ヘッドからケーブルを介して電力供給される電動モータとしてもよい。
このような本発明では、押圧部材がワークに対して斜めに押圧される際に、押圧力で押圧部材が弾性変形しても、円弧形状の任意の一部が常に同様な状態でワークに接触することができる。
このような本発明では、前述した本発明の摩擦攪拌接合アタッチメントと同様な効果を得ることができる。
このような本発明では、前述した本発明の摩擦攪拌接合アタッチメントと同様な効果を得ることができる。
図1において、本実施形態の摩擦攪拌接合装置1は、縦型主軸を有する汎用の工作機械2に、本発明に基づく摩擦攪拌接合アタッチメント10と、摩擦攪拌接合用の汎用の接合ツール20と、を装着して構成される。
移動機構6は、水平なガイドバー61に支持されたスライダ62を有し、主軸ヘッド5はスライダ62から下向きに支持されている。従って、スライダ62に対して主軸ヘッド5を昇降させることで、主軸4の先端をZ軸方向の指定された位置に移動可能である。また、ガイドバー61に沿ってスライダ62を移動させることで、主軸4の先端をX軸方向の指定された位置に移動可能である。
テーブル3は、ベッド7に設置された駆動機構により、垂直な軸線廻り(C軸方向)に回転可能、かつ指定された角度位置に停止可能である。
これらのテーブル3、主軸4、主軸ヘッド5および移動機構6は、それぞれベッド7の上面に設置され、全体を開閉自在なカバー8で囲うことができる。
押圧部材16の外周部161は、径方向の断面形状の輪郭が半円形状つまり中心角約180度の円弧状に形成されている。
加工軸13の回転中心が傾斜する方向は、一対の押圧部材16の回転軸Aとそれぞれ直交する方向(後述する図3の図面直交方向)とされている。
回転する接合ツール20が接合線WLに導入されるとともに、押圧部材16がワーク9の表面に接触する。押圧部材16をワーク9に接触させる際には、押圧部材16が弾性変形して撓んだ状態(図3の一点鎖線参照)となるように十分な押圧力を付与する。
本実施形態では、装着部131に接合ツール20を装着して加工軸13を回転させることで、ワーク9に対する摩擦攪拌接合を行うことができる。この際、一対の押圧部材16をワーク9に押し付けることで、接合ツール20の両側においてワーク9の接合部分W1,W2の浮き上がりを防止できる。
押圧部材16は、円盤状に形成されかつ回転自在に支持されているため、接合ツール20がワーク9に対して移動する際に、ワーク9に転動することで追従できる。これにより、ワーク9に対する摩擦を避け、ワーク9に凹凸があっても乗り越えることができ、常時安定した状態でワーク9を押圧できる。
さらに、押圧部材16は、弾性材料で形成され、かつ回転軸Aが加工軸13に対して斜め、つまりワーク9の表面に対しても斜めに配置されているため、予めワーク9に押圧する際に押圧力で弾性変形させておくことで、ワーク9に対して常時安定した押圧力を発生できる。
これにより、接合ツール20の回転軸Rを傾斜させ、その先端側が移動方向の前側に変位するような姿勢とすることにより、ワーク9への進入性および軟化した材料の抑え込み性を高めることができる。
本実施形態は、前述した第1実施形態と基本構成が共通であるが、回転駆動部14に対するエアの供給経路が異なる。このため、第1実施形態との共通部分についての重複する説明は省略し、以下異なる部分について説明する。
これに対し、本実施形態では、図4に示すように、本体11の外周に外周部材17が装着されている。
外周部材17は、本体11の外周に回転軸Rまわりに回転自在に装着されており、延長部材171およびサブシャンク172により主軸ヘッド5に接続可能である。
サブシャンク173から外周部材17にかけてエア通路が形成され、主軸ヘッド5からのエアが供給可能である。外周部材17と本体11との間には、外周部材17の内周面または本体11の外周面に形成された環状溝を介して回転駆動部14へのエア供給が可能である。
また、外周部材17を用いることで、外周部材17だけを主軸ヘッド5に対して固定すればよく、本体11は外周部材17に対して回転自在であるため、主軸4による本体11ないし接合ツール20の傾斜の向き調整を自由に行うことができる。
前記実施形態では、押圧部材16を円盤状の弾性材料としたが、接合ツール20がワーク9に対して移動する際にワーク9に転動できれば多角形状であってもよく、あるいは板状に限らず、弾性部材を円柱状に形成したローラなどであってもよい。
前記実施形態において、押圧部材16は進行方向前側が後側よりも広くなるような姿勢としてもよい。このような姿勢とすることで、押圧部材16がワーク9に転動する際にセルフセンタリング効果を生じて接合ツール20の進行方向のぶれを抑制できる。
前記実施形態では、回転駆動部14としてエアモータを用いたが、本発明の回転駆動部としては、主軸ヘッド5からケーブルを介して電力供給される電動モータとしてもよい。
前記実施形態では、本体11を主軸4に装着し、主軸4により向き変え可能な構成としたが、本体11を主軸ヘッド5に装着してもよい。この場合、加工軸13を主軸4に接続し、主軸4の回転力により接合ツール20を回転駆動することができる。この場合でも、工作機械2が多軸制御であれば、主軸ヘッド5の向きの制御により本体11ないし接合ツール20の傾きの向きを変更できる。
Claims (6)
- 工作機械の主軸または主軸ヘッドに装着される本体と、
前記本体に回転自在に支持されかつ先端に接合ツールの装着部を有する加工軸と、
前記本体に支持されて前記装着部の両側に配置された一対の押圧部材と、を有し、
前記押圧部材は、円盤状の弾性材料で形成され、前記加工軸の回転軸と斜めに交差する回転軸まわりに回転自在に支持されていることを特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合アタッチメント。 - 請求項1に記載の摩擦攪拌接合アタッチメントにおいて、
前記本体は前記主軸に装着され、
前記本体には前記加工軸を回転駆動する回転駆動部が設置されることを特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合アタッチメント。 - 請求項2に記載の摩擦攪拌接合アタッチメントにおいて、
前記回転駆動部は、前記主軸の軸心を通して供給されるエアで回転するエアモータであることを特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合アタッチメント。 - 請求項1から請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合アタッチメントにおいて、
前記押圧部材は、回転軸に沿った断面形状における外周部の輪郭が円弧状であることを特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合アタッチメント。 - 請求項1から請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合アタッチメントと、
前記摩擦攪拌接合アタッチメントに装着された前記接合ツールと、を有することを特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合ヘッド。 - 請求項1から請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合アタッチメントと、
前記摩擦攪拌接合アタッチメントに装着された前記接合ツールと、
前記摩擦攪拌接合アタッチメントが装着された工作機械と、を有することを特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合装置。
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH10305372A (ja) * | 1997-05-07 | 1998-11-17 | Amada Co Ltd | 溶接装置 |
US6302315B1 (en) * | 2000-05-01 | 2001-10-16 | General Tool Company | Friction stir welding machine and method |
US20020190100A1 (en) * | 2001-06-15 | 2002-12-19 | Duncan Frank Gordon | Friction stir heating/welding with pin tool having rough distal region |
US20060102689A1 (en) * | 2003-04-11 | 2006-05-18 | Trapp Timothy J | Method and apparatus for locally clamping components that are to be joined by friction stir welding |
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH10305372A (ja) * | 1997-05-07 | 1998-11-17 | Amada Co Ltd | 溶接装置 |
US6302315B1 (en) * | 2000-05-01 | 2001-10-16 | General Tool Company | Friction stir welding machine and method |
US20020190100A1 (en) * | 2001-06-15 | 2002-12-19 | Duncan Frank Gordon | Friction stir heating/welding with pin tool having rough distal region |
US20060102689A1 (en) * | 2003-04-11 | 2006-05-18 | Trapp Timothy J | Method and apparatus for locally clamping components that are to be joined by friction stir welding |
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