WO2022121812A1 - 琴弦头拧头装置及使用该装置的琴弦自动加工设备 - Google Patents
琴弦头拧头装置及使用该装置的琴弦自动加工设备 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022121812A1 WO2022121812A1 PCT/CN2021/135561 CN2021135561W WO2022121812A1 WO 2022121812 A1 WO2022121812 A1 WO 2022121812A1 CN 2021135561 W CN2021135561 W CN 2021135561W WO 2022121812 A1 WO2022121812 A1 WO 2022121812A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- head
- string
- looping
- rod
- assembly
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000010511 looping mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F45/00—Wire-working in the manufacture of other particular articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F1/00—Bending wire other than coiling; Straightening wire
- B21F1/008—Bending wire other than coiling; Straightening wire in 3D with means to rotate the wire about its axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F1/00—Bending wire other than coiling; Straightening wire
- B21F1/02—Straightening
- B21F1/026—Straightening and cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F11/00—Cutting wire
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F7/00—Twisting wire; Twisting wire together
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10C—PIANOS, HARPSICHORDS, SPINETS OR SIMILAR STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ONE OR MORE KEYBOARDS
- G10C3/00—Details or accessories
- G10C3/07—Strings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10C—PIANOS, HARPSICHORDS, SPINETS OR SIMILAR STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ONE OR MORE KEYBOARDS
- G10C9/00—Methods, tools or materials specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of musical instruments covered by this subclass
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of string processing, and in particular relates to a string head screwing device and automatic string processing equipment using the device.
- the sound of the piano depends on the hammers hitting the strings, causing the strings to vibrate and emit sound waves.
- the strings are the most important components that determine the sound of the piano, and the amplitude of the strings depends on the string length, string tension, and string density.
- the strings are made of high-strength and high-elasticity special steel, cut to length, twisted with twist-shaped heads at both ends, and then fixed on the pegs to generate tension through the pegs.
- the head twisting of the strings is completed through the steps of cross looping, winding, winding, and tail removal.
- the cross looping function is a key prerequisite for completing the winding, winding, and tail removal, and its reliability requires a high degree of reliability. .
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a string head screwing device and automatic string processing equipment using the device, so as to improve the quality and efficiency of string head screwing.
- the present invention is achieved in this way, and provides a string head screwing device, comprising a head screwing mechanism for performing head screwing processing on the front section of a string wire, and a string for processing the strings of the strings and assisting the head screw processing.
- a cross looping mechanism the head screwing mechanism includes a head screw head assembly, the head screw head assembly includes a head screw rod and a string peg, the string cross looping mechanism includes a cross looping head, and the cross looping head is used in the cross looping head.
- a looping rod is arranged on the ring head, a string bearing slope is set at the front end of the head twisting rod, and the string stud is arranged in the string bearing slope, and the axis of the string stud and the axis of the head twisting rod are vertically aligned.
- the projected angle in the vertical direction is an acute angle ⁇ , and a raised inclined stepped surface is arranged at the position of the string bearing inclined surface close to the string line.
- a side elevation perpendicular to the string bearing slope is set.
- the outer circumferential surface of the peg forms an enclosed space surrounded on all sides, and the strings are confined within the enclosed space.
- the head screwing head assembly also includes a string support plate and a string pin cylinder, the string support plate is installed on the top surface of the head screw rod to play the role of holding up the strings, and the string pin cylinder is fixed on the head screw.
- the chord pin is fixed on the cylinder rod of the chord pin cylinder.
- the chord pin is higher than the plane where the chord plate is located.
- the top end of the chord pin is not higher than the plane where the chord plate is located.
- the head screwing mechanism further comprises a head screw drive assembly and a head screw base, the head screw base is fixed on the ground and is parallel to the string line, and the head screw drive assembly is arranged on the head screw base, The head screwing head assembly is arranged on the head screwing driving assembly, and the head screwing driving assembly drives the head screwing rod to rotate.
- the root of the chord nail is located on the rotation axis of the head screw rod, and the included angle of the projection of the axis of the head screw rod and the axis of the front string clamping mechanism in the horizontal direction is an obtuse angle.
- the head screw drive assembly includes a rotating shaft, a shaft box, a head screw rotary drive servo reducer motor, and a head screw linear movement assembly that drives the head screw box to move linearly
- the rotation shaft box is fixed on the head screw base
- the The head screw head assembly is arranged on the rotating shaft
- the head screw rod is fixed on the rotating shaft by bolts and rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft
- the head screw rotation drives the servo deceleration motor to drive the rotating shaft to rotate through the rotating shaft box.
- the head screwing mechanism also includes a head screw linear movement drive servo deceleration motor and a gas-electric slip ring, the head screw head assembly and the string line are at an obtuse angle greater than 90° and less than 180°, and the head screw straight line is formed by the head screw.
- the mobile drive is driven by a servo geared motor that slides on the head screw linear movement assembly.
- the rotating shaft box includes a box body, a main shaft, an input shaft, an input gear and a main shaft gear
- the head screw linear moving assembly includes a ball screw and a head screw drive servo motor
- the box body is installed on the bottom of the nut through a nut. It is connected with the ball screw of the head screw linear movement assembly, and the head screw drive servo motor of the head screw linear movement assembly drives the overall movement, the head screw rotation drives the servo deceleration motor to drive the input shaft, and the input shaft drives the input gear to rotate the head screw
- the torque and speed of the drive servo gear motor are transmitted to the main shaft gear, and drive the main shaft to rotate, thereby driving the head screw rod connected to the main shaft to rotate.
- the head screw linear movement assembly also includes a linear movement motor base, a linear movement ball screw, a linear movement nut, a linear movement linear guide rail, a linear movement slider and a linear movement bearing seat, and the linear movement motor base is fixed to the head.
- a head screw drive servo motor is installed, the straight-moving nut and the straight-moving slider are fixedly connected to the shaft box, the straight-moving ball screw is matched with the straight-moving nut, and the straight-moving ball screw rotates, Then the straight-moving nut moves linearly, and the straight-moving ball screw is directly connected with the head screw driving servo motor, and the latter is driven to rotate.
- the string cross looping mechanism also includes a looping bracket, a looping head lifting cylinder and a looping head swing angle cylinder, the looping bracket is fixed on the shaft box of the head screwing mechanism, and the looping head is The lifting cylinder is fixed on the looping bracket, the looping head swing angle cylinder is fixed on the cylinder rod of the looping head lifting cylinder, and the cross looping head is fixed on the cylinder rod of the looping head swing angle cylinder.
- the bottom of the cross looping head is provided with a hole groove for avoiding the chord nail, the end of the looping rod is conical, the looping rod is connected with the cross looping head through a threaded pair, and it extends out of the cross looping head. The height of the plane where the bottom of the ring head is located is adjusted by the screw pair.
- the present invention is realized in this way, and provides an automatic string processing equipment, in which the above-mentioned string head screwing device is used on the string processing machine.
- the string head screwing device and the automatic string processing equipment using the device of the present invention are provided with a head screwing mechanism and a string cross looping mechanism to automatically complete the strings.
- the invention optimizes and improves the technological process of looping and head twisting, and the machined string head has high twisting precision, good repeatability and high stability.
- Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the head twist part of the string
- Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the use state of the string head screwing device of the present invention
- FIG. 2 The top view of FIG. 2 in FIG. 3;
- Fig. 4 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the head screwing mechanism in Fig. 2;
- Fig. 5 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the head screw assembly in Fig. 4;
- Figure 6 is a side view of the head screw assembly in Figure 4.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the head screw drive assembly in FIG. 4;
- Fig. 8 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the head screw linear moving assembly in Fig. 4;
- Fig. 9 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the front string clamping mechanism in Fig. 2;
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the string clip base assembly of FIG. 9;
- FIG 11 is a perspective view of the swing seat assembly in Figure 9;
- Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the first string clamping assembly in Fig. 9;
- FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view of the first pneumatic gripper assembly in FIG. 12 in an open state
- FIG. 14 is a schematic perspective view of the first pneumatic gripper assembly in FIG. 12 in a closed state
- Figure 15 is a front view of the first pneumatic gripper assembly of Figure 13;
- Figure 16 is a left side view of Figure 15;
- Fig. 17 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the string trimming scissors assembly in Fig. 9;
- Figures 18-1 to 18-4 are schematic diagrams of each action state of the string trimming scissors assembly in Figure 9;
- Figure 19 is a perspective view of the rear string clamping mechanism in Figure 2;
- Fig. 20 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the combined state of the head twist mechanism and the string cross looping mechanism in Fig. 2;
- Figure 21 is a perspective view of the cross looping head in Figure 20;
- Figure 22 is a perspective view of the combined state of the front string clamping mechanism and the string length-fixing mechanism in Figure 2;
- Figure 23 is a perspective view of the string straightening mechanism in Figure 2;
- Fig. 24 is a perspective view of the head screwing head assembly and the cross looping head in the working state in Fig. 2;
- Figure 25 is a side view of Figure 24;
- Figure 26 is an enlarged schematic view of the head screw rod and its end in Figure 24;
- Figure 27 is a schematic view of the working state of the cross looping head in Figure 24 pressed against the head twist rod;
- Figure 28-1a ⁇ Figure 28-1c ⁇ Figure 28-7a ⁇ Figure 28-7c are schematic diagrams of the string looping process, wherein Figure 28-1a ⁇ Figure 28-7a are the front views of each step, Figure 28- 1b to 28-7b are the top views of each step, respectively, and FIGS. 28-1c to 28-7c are the left side views of each step, respectively.
- a preferred embodiment of the string head screwing device of the present invention includes a head screwing mechanism 1 for screwing the front section of the string X and a head screwing mechanism 1 for processing the strings.
- the string head unscrewing device of the present invention and the front string clamping mechanism 2 for clamping the front end of the string X and assisting the head twisting process are used for clamping the string X when the front end of the string X is headed.
- the rear string clipping mechanism 3 that cuts the string X after the string X is pulled to the fixed length in the rear section, is used to pull the string X to the set length by driving the front string clipping mechanism 2.
- the long mechanism 5 and the string straightening mechanism 6 for straightening the strings X are combined together to form an automatic string processing device.
- the automatic string processing equipment further includes a discharging frame 7 carrying the finished strings, a protective cover 8 and a console (not shown in the figure).
- the front string clamping mechanism 2 is installed on the string lengthening mechanism 5 and moves together with the string lengthening mechanism 5, and the string cross looping mechanism 4 is fixed on the head screwing mechanism 1 and moves with the head screwing mechanism 1 Move in a straight line.
- the rear string clamping mechanism 3 is located at the rear of the head screwing mechanism 1, and is located on the same side of the string X together with the head screwing mechanism 1 and the string cross looping mechanism 4.
- the front string clamping mechanism 2 and The string lengthening mechanism 5 is located on the other side of the string X.
- the string straightening mechanism 6 is arranged at the end of the string X.
- the included angle between the movement direction of the head twisting mechanism 1 and the string line X is an obtuse angle greater than 90° and less than 180°, such as the included angle C shown in FIG. 3 , the included angle A and the Angles C are complementary angles to each other.
- the head screwing mechanism 1 includes a head screw head assembly 11 , a head screw drive assembly 12 , a head screw base 13 , a head screw linear movement drive servo deceleration motor 14 and a gas-electric slip ring 15 .
- the head screw assembly 11 includes a head screw rod 111 , a chord plate 112 , a chord 113 , a chord cylinder 114 and a positioning rod 115 .
- the head screw driving assembly 12 drives the head screw rod 111 to rotate.
- the string support plate 112 is installed on the top surface of the head twisting rod 111 to hold up the strings X to prevent the strings X from falling off when the strings X are crossed and looped.
- the chord cylinder 114 is fixed on the front end of the head screw rod 111 , and the chord 113 is fixed on the cylinder rod of the chord cylinder 114 .
- the chord stud 113 is higher than the plane where the chord plate 112 is located.
- the cylinder rod of the chord cylinder 114 is retracted, the The top end is not higher than the plane where the string plate 112 is located, and the string X can be freely disengaged from the string pin 113 after the string X is twisted.
- the positioning rod 115 is used to determine the initial position of the head screw rod 111 .
- the root of the string peg 113 is on the rotation axis of the head screw rod 111 .
- the projected included angle between the axis of the string pin 113 and the axis of the head screw rod 111 in the vertical direction is an acute angle ⁇ .
- the projected included angle between the axis of the head twisting rod 111 and the axis of the front string clamping mechanism 1 in the horizontal direction is an obtuse angle B.
- the head screw driving assembly 12 includes a rotating shaft 121 , a shaft box 122 , a head screw rotary drive servo deceleration motor 123 , and a head screw linear moving assembly 124 that drives the shaft box 122 to move linearly.
- the head screw assembly 11 is disposed on the rotating shaft 121 , and the head screw assembly 11 rotates together with the rotating shaft 121 .
- the head screw rod 111 is fixed on the rotating shaft 121 by bolts and rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 121 .
- the head-twisting rotation drives the servo deceleration motor 123 to drive the rotating shaft 121 to rotate through the rotating shaft box 122 .
- the head screw base 13 is fixed on the ground and is parallel to the string X.
- the head screw head assembly 11 and the string line X are at an obtuse angle greater than 90° and less than 180°, as shown in the included angle C in FIG.
- the moving assembly 124 slides up.
- the shaft box 122 includes a box body 1221 , a main shaft 1222 , an input shaft 1223 , an input gear 1224 and a main shaft gear 1225 , and also includes a roller bearing, a retaining ring, an end bearing for supporting the main shaft 1222 and the input shaft 1223 cover etc.
- the box body 1221 is connected to the ball screw 1241 of the head screw linear movement assembly 124 through a nut installed at the bottom thereof, and the head screw driving servo motor 1242 of the head screw linear movement assembly 124 drives the whole movement.
- the head-twisting drive servo deceleration motor 123 drives the input shaft 1223, and the input shaft 1223 drives the input gear 1224 to transmit the torque and rotational speed of the head-trench rotation driving servo deceleration motor 123 to the main shaft gear 1225, and drives the main shaft 1222 to rotate, thereby
- the head screw rod 111 connected with the main shaft 1222 is driven to rotate.
- the main shaft 1222 is hollow, and its tail end is connected to the rotating part of the gas-electric slip ring 15 .
- the air pipe of the screw head assembly 11 is connected to the rotating part of the pneumatic slip ring 15 through the hollow part of the main shaft 1222 to realize air supply.
- the head screw linear movement assembly 124 includes a translation ball screw 1241, a head screw drive servo motor 1242, a translation motor base 1243, a translation nut 1245, a translation linear guide 1246,
- the translational slider 1247 and the translational bearing seat 1244 also include bearings, retaining rings, couplings, etc. that support the translational ball screw 1241 .
- the translation motor base 1243 is fixed on the head screw base 13, and a head screw drive servo motor 1242 is installed.
- the translational nut 1245 and the translational slider 1247 are fixedly connected with the shaft box 122 .
- the straight-moving ball screw 1241 cooperates with the straight-moving nut 1245, and when the straight-moving ball screw 1241 rotates, the straight-moving nut 1245 moves linearly.
- the straight-moving ball screw 1241 is directly connected to the head screw driving servo motor 1242, and is driven to rotate by the latter.
- the front string clamping mechanism 2 includes a first string clamping assembly 21 , a swing seat assembly 22 , a string clamping base assembly 23 and a string trimming scissors assembly 24 .
- the string clamping base assembly 23 is mounted on the string lengthening mechanism 5 and moves on the string lengthening mechanism 5 .
- the swing seat assembly 22 is installed on the string clamping base assembly 23 , and the first string clamp assembly 21 and the string trimming scissors assembly 24 are respectively installed on the swing seat assembly 22 .
- the swing seat assembly 22 drives the first string clamping assembly 21 and the string trimming scissors assembly 24 to swing horizontally around the intersection of the axis of the head twisting rod 111 and the axis of the chord pin 113 .
- the string clip base assembly 23 includes a base body 231, a string clip motor seat 232, a front string clip linear movement drive servo gear motor 233, a string clip ball screw 234, a clip
- the chord nut 235 , the chord clamping linear guide 236 , the chord clamping slider 237 and the bearing seat 238 also include bearings, retaining rings, couplings, etc. that support the chord clamping ball screw 234 .
- the string clipping motor seat 232 is fixed on the base body 231, and is installed with a front string clipping motor 233 that drives linear movement.
- the string clamping nut 235 and the string clamping slider 237 are fixedly connected with the swing seat assembly 22 .
- the string clamping ball screw 234 cooperates with the string clamping nut 235, and the string clamping nut 235 moves linearly when the string clamping ball screw 234 rotates.
- the string clamping ball screw 234 is directly connected with the front clamping string linear movement driving servo deceleration motor 233, which is driven to rotate by the latter.
- the swing seat assembly 22 includes a swing seat bracket 221 and a swing nut seat 222 .
- the swinging nut seat 222 is fixed on the bottom of the swinging seat bracket 221, and is fixedly connected with the swinging nut, and moves synchronously with the swinging nut.
- the first string clamping assembly 21 includes a first string clamping seat 211, a first air gripper bracket 212, a first string clamping linear guide 213, a first pneumatic clamping jaw assembly 214, The first cylinder 215 , the first swing drive servo reduction motor 216 , the first drive gear 217 , the first slider and roller 218 , the arc guide 219 , the ring gear 2110 and the pushing cylinder 2111 .
- the arc guide rail 219 and the gear ring 2110 are respectively fixed on the swing seat bracket 21 of the swing seat assembly 22 .
- the first string clamping seat 211 and its upper parts, and the first swing driving servo deceleration motor 216 are fixedly connected to the string clamping slider 237 and the roller of the string clamping base assembly 23, and the first swing driving servo deceleration motor 216 drives the first drive gear 217 directly connected to it, and meshes with the ring gear 2110 to drive the first string holder 211 and the string trimming scissors assembly 24 to rotate around the center of the ring gear 2110 as a whole, and the rotation angle is greater than 0° and less than 90°, that is, the swing of the front string clamping mechanism 2 is realized.
- the first pneumatic gripper assembly 214 is fixedly connected with the first gripper support 212 , and the first gripper support 212 is mounted on the slider of the first gripper linear guide 213 and is driven by the first air cylinder 215 to realize The forward extension and retraction of the first pneumatic jaw assembly 214 .
- the first string clipping linear guide 213 is fixedly connected to the first string clipping seat 211 , and the string trimming scissors assembly 24 is installed on the first string clipping seat 211 and swings synchronously with the first string clipping seat 211 .
- the pusher cylinder 2111 is fixed on the first string holder 211, and a pusher plate (not shown in the figure) is installed at the end of the cylinder rod of the pusher cylinder 2111, which is used to push out the finished piano after the head is screwed. string.
- the first pneumatic gripper assembly 214 includes a first pneumatic gripper cylinder 2141, a first upper gripper 2142, a first lower gripper 2143, a first gripper gripper A guide taper rod 2144 and a first adjusting lock nut 2145 .
- the opening and closing between the first upper jaw 2142 and the first lower jaw 2143 is -2° to 23°.
- the first upper clamping jaw 2142 and the first lower clamping jaw 2143 are respectively installed on the upper and lower opening and closing connectors of the first pneumatic clamping jaw cylinder 2141 .
- a plurality of threaded holes are respectively provided on the bodies of the first upper clamping jaw 2142 and the first lower clamping jaw 2143 for installing the first guide taper rods 2144 respectively.
- Two mutually perpendicular first longitudinal grooves 2146 and first transverse grooves 2147 are respectively provided on the opposite contact surfaces of the first upper clamping jaw 2142 and the first lower clamping jaw 2143 .
- each of the first guide taper rods 2144 is tapered, and its tail is threaded, and the first guide taper rod 2144 is adjusted by cooperating with the threaded holes of the first upper clamping jaw 2142 and the first lower clamping jaw 2143.
- the tapered portion protrudes from the height of the contact surface of the first upper jaw 2142 and the first lower jaw 2143 which are opposite to each other. After the height adjustment is completed, it is locked by the first adjustment locking nut 2145 .
- the first upper clamping jaw 2142 and the first lower clamping jaw 2143 are respectively provided with a lower groove 2148 and an upper groove 2149 on the tapered portion facing the first guide tapered rod 2144 for accommodating the insertion of the tapered portion of the first guide tapered rod 2144 , to ensure that the first upper jaw 2142 and the first lower jaw 2143 are closed without obstacles.
- the first guide taper rods 2144 are respectively installed on both sides of the first longitudinal groove 2146 or the first transverse groove 2147 to form a V-shaped groove.
- the longitudinal grooves 2146 may deviate a little, so the V-shaped grooves can effectively guide the strings X back into the first longitudinal grooves 2146, so as to ensure that the relative angle of the string heads remains unchanged when twisting, thereby improving reliability.
- the first transverse groove 2147 and the corresponding first guide taper rod 2144 have the same functions as the first longitudinal groove 2146, except that the first transverse groove 2147 is used to clamp the transverse string X and complete the string pulling function .
- the string trimming scissors assembly 24 includes a tail scissor bracket 241, a scissor frame 242, a tail scissor pneumatic scissors 243, a tail scissor lift cylinder 244, a tail scissor Shear telescopic cylinder 245 , tail shear horizontal linear guide 246 and tail shear vertical linear guide 247 .
- the tail shear horizontal linear guide 246 and the tail shear telescopic cylinder 245 are fixed on the first string holder 211 , and the tail shear bracket 241 is fixedly connected with the slider of the tail shear horizontal linear guide 246 and is connected to the tail shear telescopic cylinder 245
- the cylinder rod is fixedly connected, and is pushed by the tail shear telescopic cylinder 245 to slide horizontally on the tail shear horizontal linear guide rail 246.
- the tail scissor vertical linear guide 247 and the tail scissor lift cylinder 244 are fixed on the tail scissor bracket 241 .
- the tail shear pneumatic scissors 243 are fixedly connected to the scissors frame 242, and the scissors frame 242 is installed on the slider of the tail shear vertical linear guide 247, and is fixedly connected with the cylinder rod of the tail shear lift cylinder 244.
- the lift cylinder 244 is pushed to slide vertically on the vertical linear guide 247 of the tail shear.
- the string trimming scissors assembly 24 performs the action flow of extending ⁇ raising ⁇ cutting ⁇ dropping ⁇ retracting the tail trimming scissors 243, as shown in FIG. 18-1 to FIG. 18-4.
- the direction shown by the half arrow is the movement direction of the string trimming scissors assembly 24, and the large hollow arrow shows the flow direction of the process.
- the extended state of the string trimming scissors assembly 24 is shown in Figure 18-1, its raised and cut states are shown in Figure 18-2, its fallen state is shown in Figure 18-3, and its retracted state is shown in Figure 18-2. 18-4.
- the scissors mouth of the tail-scissor pneumatic scissors 243 is raised, it will exceed the strings X clamped after the first pneumatic clamping jaw assembly 214 is closed, so that the tail-scissors pneumatic scissors 243 can cut the strings X.
- the rear string clamping mechanism 3 includes a rear string clamping base 31, a second string clamping assembly 32, a fixed-length scissors 33, a rear string clamping linear guide 34, a rear string clamping cylinder 35, and a rear string clamping air claw bracket. 36.
- the rear string clamping base 31 is fixed on the ground, and the rear string clamping linear guide rail 34 is fixed thereon.
- the second string clamping assembly 32 is mounted on the rear string clamping air gripper bracket 36 .
- the rear string clamping air claw bracket 36 is fixed on the slider of the rear string clamping linear guide 34, and is fixedly connected with the cylinder rod of the rear string clamping cylinder 35, which is driven by the rear string clamping cylinder 35 to drive the second clamp
- the string assembly 32 slides on the rear string clamping linear guide 34 .
- the fixed-length scissors 33 are fixed on the side of the rear string clamping air claw bracket 36, parallel to the second string clamping assembly 32, and move synchronously with the second string clamping assembly 32, and the scissors mouth of the fixed-length scissors 33 will exceed the second string clamping.
- the string X is clamped after the assembly 32 is closed, so that the fixed-length scissors 33 can cut the string X.
- the second string clamping assembly 32 is perpendicular to the string X and is located on the rear side of the front string clamping mechanism 2 .
- the string cross looping mechanism 4 includes a looping bracket 41 , a cross looping head 42 , a looping head lifting cylinder 43 and a looping head swing angle cylinder 44 .
- the looping bracket 41 is fixed on the shaft box 122 of the head screwing mechanism 1 .
- the looping head lifting cylinder 43 is fixed on the looping bracket 41
- the looping head swing angle cylinder 44 is fixed on the cylinder rod of the looping head lifting cylinder 43
- the cross looping head 42 is fixed on the looping head on the cylinder rod of the swing angle cylinder 44.
- the bottom of the cross looping head 42 is provided with a hole groove 46 for avoiding the chord pin 113 .
- a looping rod 45 is provided on the cross looping head 42 .
- the included angle between the axis of the looping rod 45 and the axis of the cross looping head 42 is an acute angle ⁇ , and the end of the looping rod 45 protrudes out of the plane where the bottom of the cross looping head 42 is located
- the looping rod 45 is connected with the cross looping head 42 through a screw pair, and the height of the plane where the bottom of the looping rod 45 extends out of the cross looping head 42 is adjusted by the screw pair.
- the end of the looping rod 45 is conical.
- the head screwing head assembly 11 effectively fixes the string ring of the string to prevent the string X from falling off during the looping and turning process of the string; a looping rod 45 is set in the string cross looping mechanism 4 to effectively fix The direction of the string body and the cross-circled tail end prevents the string X from being offset and failing during the head-twisting process.
- the following describes how the head twisting head assembly 11 cooperates with the string cross looping mechanism 4 to realize the looping and head twisting process of the strings.
- a string bearing slope A1 is provided at the front end of the head twisting rod 111 to hold up the string X, and the string pegs 113 are arranged in the string bearing slope A1.
- Setting the string bearing slope A1 can prevent the string X from falling before the cross looping action of the string X is performed, and can make the front section a of the string lift up, and the string X is close to the string pin 113 b is suspended from the string carrying slope A1.
- a raised inclined stepped surface A2 is provided at the position of the string bearing inclined surface A1 close to the string X, and the inclined stepped surface A2 is parallel to the axis of the string X. The upper end of the inclined step surface A2 is close to the chord pin 113 .
- a side elevation A3 perpendicular to the string bearing slope A1 is arranged at the high end of the inclined step surface A2.
- the inclined step surface A2 is set on the left side close to the string pin 113 (viewed in the direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the head screw rod 111, the string pin 113 is in front.), when the head screw rod 111 is close to the string line X, The string X slides to the high-end interface along the inclined step surface A2 and stays at the side elevation A3.
- the cross looping head 42 is pressed down, the bottom surface A4 of the cross looping head 42, the string bearing slope A1, the side elevation A3, and the circumferential surface of the string peg 113 form a closed space surrounded by four sides, so that the string X is positive.
- the advantage lies in the enclosed space.
- annular groove for avoiding the end of the looping rod 45 is also provided on the string bearing slope A1 near the peg 113, and the annular groove is a V-shaped groove to avoid the end of the looping rod 45.
- the rigidity of the cross looping head 42 is improved, and when the string X is tightened during the head-twisting process, due to the relationship of the V-shaped groove, the head of the string X will slide into the V-shaped groove surface B1 and the hanging string.
- the nails 113 are on the intersection of the circumferential surfaces, so as to ensure that the head of the string is always on the axis of rotation during rotation, and effectively avoid the problem of poor quality of the strings caused by eccentric rotation.
- the V-shaped groove surface B1 and the circumferential surface A5 of the peg 113 form an intersection line L1. After the string X is rewound and tensioned, it will slide to the intersection line L1.
- the surface formed by the intersection line L1 and the axis of the peg 113 intersect at Point O1 is located on its rotation axis L0, so when the head screw rod 111 is rotated, the string head screw head will rotate symmetrically around the rotation axis L0 to ensure the quality of the string head screw.
- the head twisting rod 111 moves forward until the string pegs 113 are close to the string X.
- the string bearing slope A1 cuts into the bottom surface of the string X obliquely. Since the string bearing slope A1 is low in front and rear high, the contact point with the string X is gradually raised in the vertical direction, so the string X is lifted.
- the string X will first contact the inclined stepped surface A2, and slide along the inclined stepped surface A2 to the high-end point, and finally locate at the side elevation A3 of the inclined stepped surface A2 .
- the string length-fixing mechanism 5 includes a fixed-length base 51 , a fixed-length moving guide rail 52 , a fixed-length drive servo deceleration motor 53 and a fixed-length connecting seat 54 .
- the fixed-length base 51 is fixed on the ground
- the fixed-length moving guide 52 is fixed on the fixed-length base 51
- the fixed-length drive servo deceleration motor 53 is fixed on the fixed-length connecting seat 54
- the fixed-length connecting seat 54 is installed on the fixed-length base 51, Driven by the fixed-length drive servo deceleration motor 53, it moves along the fixed-length moving guide rail line 52, the fixed-length moving guide rail 52 is parallel to the string line X, and the front string clamping mechanism 2 is installed on the fixed-length connecting seat 54.
- the string straightening mechanism 6 performs the straightening operation.
- the string straightening mechanism 6 includes a straightening base 61 , a string guide sleeve 62 and a straightening roller 63 .
- the straightening base 61 is fixed on the ground
- the string guide sleeve 62 is fixed on the straightening base 61
- the straightening roller 63 is fixed on the straightening base 61, and is located directly behind the string guide sleeve 62.
- the axis of the guide sleeve 62 is collinear with the central axis of the straightening roller 63 , and the string X straightened by the straightening roller 63 passes through the central hole of the string guide sleeve 62 .
- the string straightening mechanism 6 performs the straightening operation before and during the operation of twisting the strings of the strings, as well as during the fixed-length cutting process.
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Abstract
一种琴弦头拧头装置,包括头拧机构(1)和琴弦交叉打圈机构(4),头拧机构(1)包括头拧头组件(11),头拧头组件(11)包括头拧杆(111)和挂弦钉(113),琴弦交叉打圈机构(4)包括交叉打圈头(42),在交叉打圈头(42)上设置打圈杆(45),在头拧杆(111)的前端部设置琴弦承载斜面(A1),挂弦钉(113)设置在该琴弦承载斜面(A1)中,在琴弦承载斜面(A1)靠近琴弦线(X)的部位设置凸起斜台阶面(A2),在斜台阶面(A2)的高端设置侧立面(A3),在打圈头(42)下降抵压琴弦线(X)后,打圈头(42)的底面、斜台阶面(A2)高端的侧立面(A3)、琴弦承载斜面(A1)以及挂弦钉(113)的外圆周面形成四面包围的封闭空间,琴弦线(X)被限制在该封闭空间内部。以及一种使用该琴弦头拧头装置的琴弦自动加工设备。该装置能够提高琴弦头拧的精度、效率,从而提高琴弦的良品率和稳定性。
Description
本发明属于琴弦加工技术领域,特别涉及一种琴弦头拧头装置及使用该装置的琴弦自动加工设备。
钢琴发出乐声依靠弦槌敲击琴弦,使琴弦产生振动而发出声波,琴弦是决定钢琴音色的最重要部件,而琴弦的振幅取决于弦长、弦张力、弦密度。琴弦由高强度高弹性的特殊钢种制造,通过定长裁剪,两端拧出麻花状的头拧头,再固定于弦轴上,通过弦轴张紧产生张力。琴弦的头拧是经由交叉打圈、缠花、绕卷、去尾等步骤完成,其中交叉打圈功能是完成缠花、绕卷、去尾的关键前提步骤,其可靠性需要较高程度。
目前有针对钢琴弦头拧的全自动头拧机,实现各个步骤的全自动化,但实际使用过程中存在缠花绕卷松弛、节距偏大或者经常性发生脱弦、掉弦等故障性的问题。经过分析判断,其中的交叉打圈步骤可靠性过低,是造成后续系列问题的根源。
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于,提供一种琴弦头拧头装置及使用该装置的琴弦自动加工设备,以提高琴弦头拧的质量、效率。
本发明是这样实现的,提供一种琴弦头拧头装置,包括用于给琴弦线前段进行头拧加工的头拧机构和用于加工琴弦的弦圈并辅助头拧加工的琴弦交叉打圈机构,所述头拧机构包括头拧头组件,所述头拧头组件包括头拧杆和挂弦钉,所述琴弦交叉打圈机构包括交叉打圈头,在所述交叉打圈头上设置打圈杆,在所述头拧杆的前端部设置琴弦承载斜面,所述挂弦钉设置在该琴弦承载斜面中,所述挂弦钉轴线与头拧杆轴线在竖直方向的投影夹角为锐角θ,在所述琴弦承载斜面靠近琴弦线的部位设置凸起斜台阶面,所述斜台阶面的高端靠近挂弦钉,在所述斜台阶面的高端设置垂直于琴弦承载斜面的侧立面,在所述打圈头下降抵压琴弦线后,所述打圈头的底面、斜台阶面高端的侧立面、琴弦承载斜面以及挂弦钉的外圆周面形成四面包围的封闭空间,琴弦线被限制在该封闭空间内部。
进一步地,所述头拧头组件还包括托弦板和弦钉气缸,所述托弦板安装在头拧杆的顶面起到托起琴弦线的作用,所述弦钉气缸固定在头拧杆的前端,所述挂弦钉固定在弦钉气缸的缸杆上,所述弦钉气缸的缸杆顶出时,所述挂弦钉高出托弦板所处的平面,所述弦钉气缸的缸杆回退时,所述挂弦钉的顶端不高于托弦板所处的平面。
进一步地,所述头拧机构还包括头拧驱动组件和头拧基座,所述头拧基座固定于地面,与琴弦线平行,所述头拧驱动组件设置在头拧基座上,所述头拧头组件设置在头拧驱动组件上,所述头拧驱动组件驱动头拧杆旋转。
进一步地,所述挂弦钉的根部处于头拧杆的回转轴线上,所述头拧杆的轴线与前部夹弦机构的轴线在水平方向的投影夹角为钝角。
进一步地,所述头拧驱动组件包括转轴、转轴箱和头拧旋转驱动伺服减速电机,以及驱动转轴箱直线移动的头拧直线移动组件,所述转轴箱固定在头拧基座上,所述头拧头组件设置在转轴上,所述头拧杆通过螺栓固定在转轴上并与转轴同步旋转,所述头拧旋转驱动伺服减速电机通过转轴箱驱动转轴转动。
进一步地,所述头拧机构还包括头拧直线移动驱动伺服减速电机和气电滑环,所述头拧头组件与琴弦线呈大于90°、小于180°的钝角,由所述头拧直线移动驱动伺服减速电机驱动在头拧直线移动组件上滑动。
进一步地,所述转轴箱包括箱体、主轴、输入轴、输入齿轮以及主轴齿轮,所述头拧直线移动组件包括滚珠螺杆和头拧驱动伺服电机,所述箱体通过安装在其底部的螺母与头拧直线移动组件的滚珠螺杆相连,由头拧直线移动组件的头拧驱动伺服电机驱动整体移动,所述头拧旋转驱动伺服减速电机驱动输入轴,所述输入轴带动输入齿轮将头拧旋转驱动伺服减速电机的扭矩及转速传递给主轴齿轮,并带动主轴旋转,从而带动与主轴相连的头拧杆旋转。
进一步地,所述头拧直线移动组件还包括直移电机座、直移滚珠螺杆、直移螺母、直移直线导轨、直移滑块和直移轴承座,所述直移电机座固定于头拧基座上,并安装有头拧驱动伺服电机,所述直移螺母、直移滑块与转轴箱固连,所述直移滚珠螺杆与直移螺母配合,所述直移滚珠螺杆旋转,则直移螺母直线移动,所述直移滚珠螺杆与头拧驱动伺服电机直连,由后者驱动旋转。
进一步地,所述琴弦交叉打圈机构还包括打圈支架、打圈头升降气缸和打圈头摆角气缸,所述打圈支架固定在头拧机构的转轴箱上,所述打圈头升降气缸固定在打圈支架上,所述打圈头摆角气缸固定在打圈头升降气缸的缸杆上,所述交叉打圈头固定在打圈头摆角气缸的缸杆上,在所述交叉打圈头的底部设置用于避让挂弦钉的孔槽,所述打圈杆的端部呈圆锥状,所述打圈杆通过螺纹副与交叉打圈头联接,其伸出交叉打圈头的底部所在平面的高度通过螺纹副调整。
本发明是这样实现的,提供一种琴弦自动加工设备,在所述琴弦加工机上使用了如前所述的琴弦头拧头装置。
与现有技术相比,本发明的琴弦头拧头装置及使用该装置的琴弦自动加工设备,琴弦头拧头装置设置头拧机构以及琴弦交叉打圈机构,自动地完成琴弦线的弦圈加工和头拧加工工序。本发明优化改善了打圈、头拧的工艺过程,加工的琴弦头拧精度高、重复性好和稳定性高。
图1为琴弦的头拧部位的示意图;
图2为本发明的琴弦头拧头装置使用状态的立体示意图;
图3中图2的俯视图;
图4为图2中头拧机构的立体示意图;
图5为图4中头拧头组件的立体示意图;
图6为图4中头拧头组件的侧视图;
图7为图4中头拧驱动组件的剖面示意图;
图8为图4中头拧直线移动组件的立体示意图;
图9为图2中前部夹弦机构的立体示意图;
图10为图9为夹弦基座组件的立体示意图;
图11为图9中摆动座组件的立体示意图;
图12为图9中第一夹弦组件的立体示意图;
图13为图12中第一气动夹爪组件处于开启状态的立体示意图;
图14为图12中第一气动夹爪组件处于闭合状态的立体示意图;
图15为图13的第一气动夹爪组件主视图;
图16为图15的左视图;
图17为图9中的琴弦去尾剪刀组件的立体示意图;
图18-1至图18-4为图9中的琴弦去尾剪刀组件各动作状态的示意图;
图19为图2中后部夹弦机构的立体示意图;
图20为图2中头拧机构和琴弦交叉打圈机构组合状态立体示意图;
图21为图20中交叉打圈头的立体示意图;
图22为图2中前部夹弦机构和琴弦定长机构组合状态立体示意图;
图23为图2中琴弦调直机构的立体示意图;
图24为图2中的头拧头组件与交叉打圈头处于工作状态的立体示意图;
图25为图24的侧视图;
图26为图24中头拧杆及其端部的放大示意图;
图27为图24中的交叉打圈头抵压在头拧杆上的工作状态示意图;
图28-1a~图28-1c至图28-7a~图28-7c为琴弦线打圈过程示意图,其中,图28-1a至图28-7a分别为各步骤的主视图,图28-1b至图28-7b分别为各步骤的俯视图,图28-1c至图28-7c分别为各步骤的左视图。
为了使本发明所要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
请同时参照参照图2和图3所示,本发明琴弦头拧头装置的较佳实施例,包括用于给琴弦线X前段进行头拧加工的头拧机构1和用于加工琴弦的弦圈并辅助头拧加工的琴弦交叉打圈机构4。本发明琴弦头拧头装置与用于夹紧琴弦线X前端并辅助头拧加工的前部夹弦机构2、用于在琴弦线X前段进行头拧加工时夹紧琴弦线X后段并在琴弦线X被牵引至定长后剪断琴弦线X的后部夹弦机构3、用于通过驱动前部夹弦机构2牵引琴弦线X至设定长度的琴弦定长机构5以及用于调直琴弦线X的琴弦调直机构6一起组合成琴弦自动加工设备。该琴弦自动加工设备还包括承载加工完成的琴弦成品的出料框7、保护罩8以及控制台(图中未示出)。
所述前部夹弦机构2安装在琴弦定长机构5上并随琴弦定长机构5一起移动,所述琴弦交叉打圈机构4固定在头拧机构1上并随头拧机构1直线移动。所述后部夹弦机构3位于头拧机构1的后部,并与头拧机构1和琴弦交叉打圈机构4一起位于琴弦线X的同侧,所述前部夹弦机构2和琴弦定长机构5则位于琴弦线X的另一侧。所述琴弦调直机构6设置在琴弦线X的尾段。
请参照图4所示,所述头拧机构1的运动方向与琴弦线X的夹角为大于90°、小于180°的钝角,如图3所示的夹角C,夹角A与夹角C互为补角。所述头拧机构1包括头拧头组件11、头拧驱动组件12、头拧基座13、头拧直线移动驱动伺服减速电机14和气电滑环15。
请同时参照图5和图6所示,所述头拧头组件11包括头拧杆111、托弦板112、挂弦钉113、弦钉气缸114和定位杆115。所述头拧驱动组件12驱动头拧杆111旋转。所述托弦板112安装在头拧杆111的顶面起到托起琴弦线X的作用,防止在琴弦线X在交叉打圈时掉落。所述弦钉气缸114固定在头拧杆111的前端,所述挂弦钉113固定在弦钉气缸114的缸杆上。所述弦钉气缸114的缸杆顶出时,所述挂弦钉113高出托弦板112所处的平面,所述弦钉气缸114的缸杆回退时,所述挂弦钉113的顶端不高于托弦板112所处的平面,在琴弦线X完成头拧后即可自由与挂弦钉113脱开。所述定位杆115用于确定头拧杆111的初始位置。
所述挂弦钉113的根部处于头拧杆111的回转轴线上。所述挂弦钉113轴线与头拧杆111轴线在竖直方向的投影夹角为锐角θ。琴弦线X被交叉打圈后会呈结状缠绕在挂弦钉113的根部,这样当头拧杆111旋转到朝向地面时,确保琴弦由于张力的作用不会脱开挂弦钉113。所述头拧杆111的轴线与前部夹弦机构1的轴线在水平方向的投影夹角为钝角B。
请同时参照图4、图7所示,所述头拧驱动组件12包括转轴121、转轴箱122和头拧旋转驱动伺服减速电机123,以及驱动转轴箱122直线移动的头拧直线移动组件124。所述头拧头组件11设置在转轴121上,所述头拧头组件11跟随转轴121一起旋转。所述头拧杆111通过螺栓固定在转轴121上并与转轴121同步旋转。所述头拧旋转驱动伺服减速电机123通过转轴箱122驱动转轴121转动。
所述头拧基座13固定于地面,与琴弦线X平行。所述头拧头组件11与琴弦线X呈大于90°、小于180°的钝角,如图3所示的夹角C,由所述头拧直线移动驱动伺服减速电机14驱动在头拧直线移动组件124上滑动。
请参照图7所示,所述转轴箱122包括箱体1221、主轴1222、输入轴1223、输入齿轮1224以及主轴齿轮1225,还包括支撑主轴1222和输入轴1223的滚子轴承、挡圈、端盖等。所述箱体1221通过安装在其底部的螺母与头拧直线移动组件124的滚珠螺杆1241相连,由头拧直线移动组件124的头拧驱动伺服电机1242驱动整体移动。所述头拧旋转驱动伺服减速电机123驱动输入轴1223,所述输入轴1223带动输入齿轮1224将头拧旋转驱动伺服减速电机123的扭矩及转速传递给主轴齿轮1225,并带动主轴1222旋转,从而带动与主轴1222相连的头拧杆111旋转。所述主轴1222是中空的,其尾端连接气电滑环15的旋转部分。所述头拧头组件11的气管通过主轴1222中空部分与气电滑环15的旋转部分相连接,实现供气。
请同时参照图7和图8所示,所述头拧直线移动组件124包括直移滚珠螺杆1241、头拧驱动伺服电机1242、直移电机座1243、直移螺母1245、直移直线导轨1246、直移滑块1247和直移轴承座1244,还包括支撑直移滚珠螺杆1241的轴承、挡圈、联轴器等。所述直移电机座1243固定于头拧基座13上,并安装有头拧驱动伺服电机1242。所述直移螺母1245、直移滑块1247与转轴箱122固连。所述直移滚珠螺杆1241与直移螺母1245配合,所述直移滚珠螺杆1241旋转,则直移螺母1245直线移动。所述直移滚珠螺杆1241与头拧驱动伺服电机1242直连,由后者驱动旋转。
请同时参照图2、图3以及图9所示,所述前部夹弦机构2包括第一夹弦组件21、摆动座组件22、夹弦基座组件23和琴弦去尾剪刀组件24。所述夹弦基座组件23安装在琴弦定长机构5上并在琴弦定长机构5上移动。所述摆动座组件22安装在夹弦基座组件23上,所述第一夹弦组件21和琴弦去尾剪刀组件24分别安装在摆动座组件22上。所述摆动座组件22驱动第一夹弦组件21和琴弦去尾剪刀组件24以头拧杆111的轴线和挂弦钉113的轴线的相交点为中心水平摆动。
请同时参照图9和图10所示,所述夹弦基座组件23包括基座本体231、夹弦电机座232、前部夹弦直线移动驱动伺服减速电机233、夹弦滚珠螺杆234、夹弦螺母235、夹弦直线导轨236、夹弦滑块237以及轴承座238,还包括支撑夹弦滚珠螺杆234的轴承、挡圈、联轴器等。所述夹弦电机座232固定于基座本体231上,并安装有前部夹弦直线移动驱动伺服减速电机233。所述夹弦螺母235、夹弦滑块237与摆动座组件22固连。所述夹弦滚珠螺杆234与夹弦螺母235配合,所述夹弦滚珠螺杆234旋转则夹弦螺母235直线移动。所述夹弦滚珠螺杆234与前部夹弦直线移动驱动伺服减速电机233直连,由后者驱动旋转。
请同时参照图9和图11所示,所述摆动座组件22包括摆动座支架221和摆动螺母座222。所述摆动螺母座222固定于摆动座支架221的底部,并与摆动螺母固连,跟随摆动螺母同步移动。
请同时参照图9和图12所示,所述第一夹弦组件21包括第一夹弦座211、第一气爪支架212、第一夹弦直线导轨213、第一气动夹爪组件214、第一气缸215、第一摆动驱动伺服减速电机216、第一驱动齿轮217、第一滑块及滚轮218、弧形导轨219、齿圈2110及推料气缸2111。所述弧形导轨219、齿圈2110分别固定于摆动座组件22的摆动座支架21上。所述第一夹弦座211及其上部件、第一摆动驱动伺服减速电机216固连于夹弦基座组件23的夹弦滑块237及滚轮上,由所述第一摆动驱动伺服减速电机216驱动直连其上的第一驱动齿轮217,并与齿圈2110啮合,带动第一夹弦座211、琴弦去尾剪刀组件24整体绕齿圈2110中心转动,转动角度大于0°且小于90°,即实现前部夹弦机构2的摆动。所述第一气动夹爪组件214与第一气爪支架212固连,所述第一气爪支架212安装在第一夹弦直线导轨213的滑块上,由所述第一气缸215带动实现第一气动夹爪组件214的前伸与缩回。所述第一夹弦直线导轨213固连在第一夹弦座211上,琴弦去尾剪刀组件24安装于第一夹弦座211上,跟随第一夹弦座211同步摆动。所述推料气缸2111固连在第一夹弦座211上,所述推料气缸2111的缸杆端部安装有推料板(图中未示出),用于头拧完成后推出成品琴弦。
请同时参照图13、图14、图15和图16所示,所述第一气动夹爪组件214包括第一气动夹爪气缸2141,第一上夹爪2142、第一下夹爪2143、第一导向锥杆2144及第一调节锁紧螺母2145。所述第一上夹爪2142与第一下夹爪2143之间实现-2°~23°的开合。所述第一上夹爪2142与第一下夹爪2143处于闭合状态时进行琴弦线X的夹紧。所述第一上夹爪2142和第一下夹爪2143分别安装在第一气动夹爪气缸2141的上下开合连接件上。在所述第一上夹爪2142和第一下夹爪2143本体上分别设置有多个螺纹孔,分别用于安装第一导向锥杆2144。在所述第一上夹爪2142和第一下夹爪2143相对的接触面上分别设置两道相互垂直的第一纵向凹槽2146和第一横向凹槽2147。当夹紧琴弦线X时,琴弦线X被第一纵向凹槽2146纵向夹紧,或者琴弦线X被第一横向凹槽2147横向夹紧。每个所述第一导向锥杆2144端部呈锥形,其尾部有螺纹,通过与第一上夹爪2142、第一下夹爪2143的螺纹孔配合,来调节第一导向锥杆2144的锥形部分伸出第一上夹爪2142和第一下夹爪2143相对的接触面的高度,高度调节完成后由第一调节锁紧螺母2145进行锁紧。所述第一上夹爪2142和第一下夹爪2143上正对第一导向锥杆2144锥形部分分别设有容纳第一导向锥杆2144的锥形部分***的下槽2148和上槽2149,确保第一上夹爪2142和第一下夹爪2143的闭合无障碍。所述第一导向锥杆2144分别安装在第一纵向凹槽2146或者第一横向凹槽2147的两侧,形成一个V型槽。当琴弦线X被交叉打圈后的端部直线段处于第一上夹爪2142和第一下夹爪2143的夹爪内时,因不可控及精度的原因,琴弦线X相对第一纵向凹槽2146可能会偏离少许,因此该V型槽可有效将琴弦线X导向回第一纵向凹槽2146内,确保琴弦头拧时的相对角度不变而提高可靠性。所述第一横向凹槽2147及相应的第一导向锥杆2144作用与第一纵向凹槽2146的相同,只是第一横向凹槽2147用于夹紧横向琴弦线X,并完成拉弦功能。
请同时参照图17、图18-1至图18-4所示,所述琴弦去尾剪刀组件24包括尾剪支架241、剪刀架242、尾剪气动剪刀243、尾剪升降气缸244、尾剪伸缩气缸245、尾剪水平直线导轨246及尾剪竖直直线导轨247。所述尾剪水平直线导轨246、尾剪伸缩气缸245固定在第一夹弦座211上,所述尾剪支架241与尾剪水平直线导轨246的滑块固连,并于尾剪伸缩气缸245的缸杆固连,由尾剪伸缩气缸245推动在尾剪水平直线导轨246上水平滑动。所述尾剪竖直直线导轨247、尾剪升降气缸244固定在尾剪支架241上。所述尾剪气动剪刀243固连在剪刀架242上,所述剪刀架242安装在尾剪竖直直线导轨247的滑块上,并与尾剪升降气缸244的缸杆固连,由尾剪升降气缸244推动在尾剪竖直直线导轨247上垂直滑动。所述琴弦去尾剪刀组件24执行尾剪去尾剪刀243的伸出→升起→裁剪→落下→缩回的动作流程,如图18-1至图18-4所示。图中,半箭头所示方向为琴弦去尾剪刀组件24的运动方向,空心大箭头显示工序流动方向。琴弦去尾剪刀组件24的伸出状态如图18-1所示,其升起和裁减状态如图18-2所示,其落下状态如图18-3所示,其缩回状态如图18-4所示。所述尾剪气动剪刀243的剪刀口升起后会超出第一气动夹爪组件214闭合后夹紧的琴弦线X,便于尾剪气动剪刀243剪断琴弦线X。
请同时参照图3和图19所示,所述后部夹弦机构3的运动方向垂直于琴弦线X,如图3中所示的夹角D。所述后部夹弦机构3包括后部夹弦底座31、第二夹弦组件32、定长剪刀33、后部夹弦直线导轨34、后部夹弦气缸35、后部夹弦气爪支架36。后部夹弦底座31固定于地面之上,其上固定有后部夹弦直线导轨34。第二夹弦组件32安装在后部夹弦气爪支架36上。后部夹弦气爪支架36固连于后部夹弦直线导轨34的滑块上,并与后部夹弦气缸35的缸杆固连,由后部夹弦气缸35驱动,带动第二夹弦组件32在后部夹弦直线导轨34上滑动。定长剪刀33固定于后部夹弦气爪支架36的侧面,与第二夹弦组件32平行,与第二夹弦组件32同步移动,且定长剪刀33的剪刀口会超出第二夹弦组件32闭合后夹紧的琴弦线X,便于定长剪刀33剪断琴弦线X,第二夹弦组件32与琴弦线X垂直,且位于前部夹弦机构2的后侧。
请同时参照图20和图21所示,所述琴弦交叉打圈机构4包括打圈支架41、交叉打圈头42、打圈头升降气缸43和打圈头摆角气缸44。所述打圈支架41固定在头拧机构1的转轴箱122上。所述打圈头升降气缸43固定在打圈支架41上,所述打圈头摆角气缸44固定在打圈头升降气缸43的缸杆上,所述交叉打圈头42固定在打圈头摆角气缸44的缸杆上。在所述交叉打圈头42的底部设置用于避让挂弦钉113的孔槽46。在所述交叉打圈头42上设置打圈杆45。所述打圈杆45的轴线与交叉打圈头42轴线的夹角为锐角ψ,所述打圈杆45的端部伸出交叉打圈头42的底部所在平面。
所述打圈杆45通过螺纹副与交叉打圈头42联接,其伸出交叉打圈头42的底部所在平面的高度通过螺纹副调整。所述打圈杆45的端部呈圆锥状。
所述头拧头组件11有效固定琴弦的弦圈,防止琴弦线打圈回转过程中琴弦线X掉落脱开;在琴弦交叉打圈机构4中设置打圈杆45,有效固定琴弦线本体和交叉打圈后的尾端的方向,防止头拧过程中琴弦线X产生偏移而失效。
请同时参照图24至图27所示,下面介绍头拧头组件11如何与琴弦交叉打圈机构4配合实现琴弦线的打圈和头拧过程。
在所述头拧杆111的前端部设置琴弦承载斜面A1,起到托起琴弦线X的作用,所述挂弦钉113设置在该琴弦承载斜面A1中。设置琴弦承载斜面A1可以使得在琴弦线X的交叉打圈动作执行之前防止琴弦线X掉落,并能使琴弦线的前段a翘起,琴弦线X靠近挂弦钉113处b悬离琴弦承载斜面A1。在所述琴弦承载斜面A1靠近琴弦线X的部位设置凸起斜台阶面A2,该斜台阶面A2与琴弦线X的轴线平行。所述斜台阶面A2的高端靠近挂弦钉113。在所述斜台阶面A2的高端设置垂直于琴弦承载斜面A1的侧立面A3。
所述斜台阶面A2设置在靠近挂弦钉113的左侧(以垂直于头拧杆111的回转轴线方向看,挂弦钉113在前。),当头拧杆111靠近琴弦线X时,琴弦线X沿该斜台阶面A2滑向高端界面并停留在侧立面A3处。当交叉打圈头42压下时,交叉打圈头42的底面A4与琴弦承载斜面A1、侧立面A3、挂弦钉113圆周面构成一个四面包围的封闭空间,使琴弦线X正好处在该封闭空间之中,之后打圈杆45再进行交叉打圈时,因琴弦线X被限制在该封闭空间之中,琴弦线X不会发生较大弯曲,琴弦线X也不会发生拱起现象,从而有效避免因交叉打圈后的琴弦头部松弛而使得打圈后琴弦的弦尾端长度不可控问题。
同时,头拧杆111靠近琴弦线X时,琴弦线接触到该斜台阶面A2的高端部被托起,由于琴弦线X本身的刚性,靠近挂弦钉113的部位会悬离该斜台阶面A2。因此当交叉打圈头42压下时,会将悬离的部分压下紧贴该斜台阶面A2,致使琴弦线X在交叉打圈头42位置产生一个微小的折角,在琴弦线X进行交叉打圈时,琴弦线的前段被弯折回大于180°的角度,并且由于折角存在的关系会从主琴弦线的弦身的底部交叉穿过,从而有效避免与主琴弦线发生干涉,实现打圈过程。
靠近所述挂弦钉113在琴弦承载斜面A1上还设置用于避让打圈杆45端部的环状凹槽,所述环状凹槽为V型槽以避让打圈杆45的端部圆锥体。同时提高交叉打圈头42的刚性,并且当琴弦线X在头拧进行被拉紧时,由于V型槽的关系,琴弦线X的头部会滑入V型槽面B1与挂弦钉113圆周面交线上,从而保证琴弦头部在回转时始终处于回转轴线上,有效避免偏心回转导致的琴弦质量不良问题。
V型槽面B1与挂弦钉113圆周面A5形成交线L1,琴弦线X回绕并被拉紧后,会滑向交线L1,交线L1构成的面与挂弦钉113轴线相交于点O1,点O1位于其回转轴线L0上,故当头拧杆111回转时,琴弦头拧头将绕回转轴线L0对称回转,以保证琴弦头拧质量。
请同时参照图24至图27所示,以及图28-1a~图28-1c至图28-7a~图28-7c所示,琴弦线X的打圈过程具体是这样的:
(1)头拧杆111向前移动至使挂弦钉113紧靠琴弦线X,此过程中,琴弦承载斜面A1斜切入琴弦线X的底面,由于琴弦承载斜面A1前低后高,与琴弦线X的接触点在竖直方向逐步升高,因而琴弦线X被抬起。在此过程中,由于有斜台阶面A2,琴弦线X会先接触斜台阶面A2,并沿该斜台阶面A2向高端点滑动,最终会位于该斜台阶面A2的侧立面A3处。
(2)交叉打圈头42压下,其底面A4将琴弦线X压至与琴弦承载斜面A1紧贴,并由于斜台阶面A2的侧立面A3、交叉打圈头42的底面A4、琴弦承载斜面A1、挂弦钉113的外圆面A5形成的封闭空间作用,琴弦线X被卡在此封闭空间之中,当琴弦线X交叉打圈开始后,琴弦线X不会发生较大的拱起。
(3)打圈杆45回转,琴弦线X沿着挂弦钉113的圆柱面A5回绕至琴弦线X的前段穿过主琴弦线X的弦身并形成一定角度。因有琴弦承载斜面A1,且前低后高,当琴弦线X回转后,会形成a端部低、b回绕头高的状态,此时琴弦线X的端部即可穿过琴弦线X的弦身,且始终处于弦身的下方,完成琴弦线X的打圈过程。
请同时参照图3和图22所示,所述琴弦定长机构5的运动方向平行于琴弦线X。所述琴弦定长机构5包括定长底座51、定长移动导轨52、定长驱动伺服减速电机53和定长连接座54。定长底座51固定于地面,定长移动导轨52固定于定长底座51上,定长驱动伺服减速电机53固定在定长连接座54上,定长连接座54安装于定长底座51上,由定长驱动伺服减速电机53驱动,沿定长移动导轨直线52移动,定长移动导轨52与琴弦线X平行,前部夹弦机构2安装在定长连接座54上。
请同时参照图3和图23所示,由于琴弦线初始状态被成卷状卷绕在弦盘上,琴弦线呈螺旋状形变,故需要先对琴弦线进行矫直处理,由琴弦调直机构6实施矫直作业。所述琴弦调直机构6包括调直底座61、琴弦线导向套62、调直滚轮63。调直底座61固定于地面之上,琴弦线导向套62固定于调直底座61上,调直滚轮63固定于调直底座61上,位于琴弦线导向套62的正后方,琴弦线导向套62的轴线与调直滚轮63的中心轴线共线,被调直滚轮63调直的琴弦线X从琴弦线导向套62的中心孔中穿出。所述琴弦调直机构6在琴弦线头拧作业前和作业中,以及定长剪断过程中均实施调直作业。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
在此处键入工业实用性描述段落。
在此处键入序列表自由内容描述段落。
Claims (10)
- 一种琴弦头拧头装置,其特征在于,包括用于给琴弦线前段进行头拧加工的头拧机构和用于加工琴弦的弦圈并辅助头拧加工的琴弦交叉打圈机构,所述头拧机构包括头拧头组件,所述头拧头组件包括头拧杆和挂弦钉,所述琴弦交叉打圈机构包括交叉打圈头,在所述交叉打圈头上设置打圈杆,在所述头拧杆的前端部设置琴弦承载斜面,所述挂弦钉设置在该琴弦承载斜面中,所述挂弦钉轴线与头拧杆轴线在竖直方向的投影夹角为锐角θ,在所述琴弦承载斜面靠近琴弦线的部位设置凸起斜台阶面,所述斜台阶面的高端靠近挂弦钉,在所述斜台阶面的高端设置垂直于琴弦承载斜面的侧立面,在所述打圈头下降抵压琴弦线后,所述打圈头的底面、斜台阶面高端的侧立面、琴弦承载斜面以及挂弦钉的外圆周面形成四面包围的封闭空间,琴弦线被限制在该封闭空间内部。
- 如权利要求1所述的琴弦头拧头装置,其特征在于,所述头拧头组件还包括托弦板和弦钉气缸,所述托弦板安装在头拧杆的顶面起到托起琴弦线的作用,所述弦钉气缸固定在头拧杆的前端,所述挂弦钉固定在弦钉气缸的缸杆上,所述弦钉气缸的缸杆顶出时,所述挂弦钉高出托弦板所处的平面,所述弦钉气缸的缸杆回退时,所述挂弦钉的顶端不高于托弦板所处的平面。
- 如权利要求2所述的琴弦头拧头装置,其特征在于,所述头拧机构还包括头拧驱动组件和头拧基座,所述头拧基座固定于地面,与琴弦线平行,所述头拧驱动组件设置在头拧基座上,所述头拧头组件设置在头拧驱动组件上,所述头拧驱动组件驱动头拧杆旋转。
- 如权利要求2所述的琴弦头拧头装置,其特征在于,所述挂弦钉的根部处于头拧杆的回转轴线上,所述头拧杆的轴线与前部夹弦机构的轴线在水平方向的投影夹角为钝角。
- 如权利要求2所述的琴弦头拧头装置,其特征在于,所述头拧驱动组件包括转轴、转轴箱和头拧旋转驱动伺服减速电机,以及驱动转轴箱直线移动的头拧直线移动组件,所述转轴箱固定在头拧基座上,所述头拧头组件设置在转轴上,所述头拧杆通过螺栓固定在转轴上并与转轴同步旋转,所述头拧旋转驱动伺服减速电机通过转轴箱驱动转轴转动。
- 如权利要求2所述的琴弦头拧头装置,其特征在于,所述头拧机构还包括头拧直线移动驱动伺服减速电机和气电滑环,所述头拧头组件与琴弦线呈大于90°、小于180°的钝角,由所述头拧直线移动驱动伺服减速电机驱动在头拧直线移动组件上滑动。
- 如权利要求5所述的琴弦头拧头装置,其特征在于,所述转轴箱包括箱体、主轴、输入轴、输入齿轮以及主轴齿轮,所述头拧直线移动组件包括滚珠螺杆和头拧驱动伺服电机,所述箱体通过安装在其底部的螺母与头拧直线移动组件的滚珠螺杆相连,由头拧直线移动组件的头拧驱动伺服电机驱动整体移动,所述头拧旋转驱动伺服减速电机驱动输入轴,所述输入轴带动输入齿轮将头拧旋转驱动伺服减速电机的扭矩及转速传递给主轴齿轮,并带动主轴旋转,从而带动与主轴相连的头拧杆旋转。
- 如权利要求5所述的琴弦头拧头装置,其特征在于,所述头拧直线移动组件还包括直移电机座、直移滚珠螺杆、直移螺母、直移直线导轨、直移滑块和直移轴承座,所述直移电机座固定于头拧基座上,并安装有头拧驱动伺服电机,所述直移螺母、直移滑块与转轴箱固连,所述直移滚珠螺杆与直移螺母配合,所述直移滚珠螺杆旋转,则直移螺母直线移动,所述直移滚珠螺杆与头拧驱动伺服电机直连,由后者驱动旋转。
- 如权利要求5所述的琴弦头拧头装置,其特征在于,所述琴弦交叉打圈机构还包括打圈支架、打圈头升降气缸和打圈头摆角气缸,所述打圈支架固定在头拧机构的转轴箱上,所述打圈头升降气缸固定在打圈支架上,所述打圈头摆角气缸固定在打圈头升降气缸的缸杆上,所述交叉打圈头固定在打圈头摆角气缸的缸杆上,在所述交叉打圈头的底部设置用于避让挂弦钉的孔槽,所述打圈杆的端部呈圆锥状,所述打圈杆通过螺纹副与交叉打圈头联接,其伸出交叉打圈头的底部所在平面的高度通过螺纹副调整。
- 一种琴弦自动加工设备,其特征在于,在所述琴弦加工机上使用了如权利要求1至9中任意一项所述的琴弦头拧头装置。
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