WO2022105935A1 - 挤出吹塑成型机和利用挤出吹塑成型机加工产品方法 - Google Patents

挤出吹塑成型机和利用挤出吹塑成型机加工产品方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022105935A1
WO2022105935A1 PCT/CN2021/138132 CN2021138132W WO2022105935A1 WO 2022105935 A1 WO2022105935 A1 WO 2022105935A1 CN 2021138132 W CN2021138132 W CN 2021138132W WO 2022105935 A1 WO2022105935 A1 WO 2022105935A1
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Prior art keywords
extrusion blow
blow mold
opening
closing
mold
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PCT/CN2021/138132
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈华卿
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台州市祥珑食品容器科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2022105935A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022105935A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/02—Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
    • B29C49/04—Extrusion blow-moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/28—Blow-moulding apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/56—Opening, closing or clamping means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/28—Blow-moulding apparatus
    • B29C49/28012—Blow-moulding apparatus using several moulds whereby at least one mould is different in at least one feature, e.g. size or shape

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of plastic processing, and relates to a blow molding, in particular to an extrusion blow molding machine.
  • the invention belongs to the technical field of plastic processing, and relates to a blow molding, in particular to a method for processing products by using an extrusion blow molding machine.
  • Extrusion blow molding is a method of manufacturing hollow thermoplastic parts such as bottles, barrels, cans, boxes, and containers for packaging food, beverages, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and daily necessities.
  • extrusion blow molding machines such as the blow molding machine described in the Chinese patent literature (application number 201710658468.3); including a frame, a turntable and multiple sets of blow mold opening and closing devices, multiple sets of blow mold opening and closing devices The devices are distributed circumferentially around the axis of the turntable; a set of blow molds is installed on each group of blow mold opening and closing devices, so the number of blow molds is large, and the equipment is not suitable for small batch production.
  • the applicant has also proposed an extrusion blow molding mold (application number 202010365098.6), and the above-mentioned blow molding machine and the above-mentioned extrusion blow molding mold have a long debugging time when processing products, and the two adjacent sets of molds cannot be docked. Consistency, which affects the product qualification rate.
  • the present invention proposes an extrusion blow molding machine, and the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to propose an extrusion blow molding machine suitable for producing products in small batches.
  • the present invention proposes a method for processing products using extrusion blow molding machines, and the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to propose a method for processing products using extrusion blow molding machines suitable for industrial production.
  • an extrusion blow molding machine comprising a frame and two groups of extrusion blow mold opening and closing devices, each group of extrusion blow mold opening and closing devices
  • a set of extrusion blow molds is installed on the mold device; two sets of extrusion blow mold mold opening and closing devices are arranged oppositely, and the extrusion blow mold opening and closing mold devices and the frame are connected by a second linear guide assembly;
  • the extrusion blow molds When one set of extrusion blow molds is in an open state, the other set of extrusion blow molds is in a closed state, and one set of extrusion blow mold opening and closing devices is relative to another set of extrusion blow mold opening and closing devices
  • the extrusion blow mold in the closed state can pass between the two half-moulds in the extrusion blow mold in the open state.
  • the extrusion blow molding machine realizes the up and down reciprocating movement of the extrusion blow mold opening and closing device by controlling the two sets of extrusion blow mold opening and closing devices to move along the guiding direction of the second linear guide assembly.
  • the action of the mold opening and closing device realizes the reciprocating action of the extrusion blow mold opening and closing, which can be realized by orderly controlling the movement of the two groups of extrusion blow mold opening and closing devices and controlling the action of the extrusion blow mold opening and closing device.
  • Two sets of extrusion blow molds are arranged alternately up and down, for example, one set of extrusion blow molds is in the downward movement and is in the blow molding step, and the other set of extrusion blow molds is in the mold opening state and moves up the step.
  • the guiding direction of the second linear guide assembly is perpendicular to the opening and closing direction of the two half-molds of the extrusion blow mold.
  • two sets of drive assemblies including motors are installed on the frame, and the two sets of drive assemblies are connected with the two sets of extrusion blow mold opening and closing devices in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • two sets of drive assemblies including motors are installed on the frame, and the two sets of drive assemblies are connected to the two sets of extrusion blow mold opening and closing devices in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • the drive assembly further includes a transmission belt, the housing of the motor is fixed on the frame, and the rotating shaft of the motor and the extrusion blow mold opening and closing device are connected by the transmission belt.
  • a follower wheel is installed on the frame, a drive belt is sleeved on the follower wheel, and an auxiliary weight block is installed on the drive belt.
  • two sets of counterweight assemblies are also installed on the frame, and the two sets of counterweight assemblies are connected to the two sets of extrusion blow mold opening and closing devices in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • the weight assembly includes a weight block and a connecting belt, a roller is installed on the frame, the connecting belt is sleeved on the roller, and the connecting belt and the weight block and extrusion blow molding The mold opening and closing device are connected.
  • the extrusion blow mold opening and closing device includes an opening and closing mold seat, a sliding seat and two opening and closing swing bars, and the opening and closing mold seat is connected to the machine through the second linear guide assembly.
  • the sliding seat and the opening and closing mold seat are connected through the first linear guide assembly, and the driving part connected with the sliding seat is installed on the opening and closing mold seat; between the middle part of the opening and closing pendulum rod and the sliding seat Connected, one end of the opening and closing swing rod is installed with a half-mould mounting seat, the half mold of the extrusion blow mold is installed on the half-mould mounting seat, and the other end of the opening and closing swing rod and the opening and closing mold seat pass through the first rotating shaft Rotational connection; when the driving member drives the sliding seat to move along the guiding direction of the first linear guide assembly, one end of the two opening and closing pendulum rods approaches or moves away from each other.
  • the extrusion blow mold opening and closing device makes one end of the opening and closing pendulum swing relative to the other end, which can increase the swing range of the half mold mounting seat, thereby increasing the two half molds when the extrusion blow mold is in the open state.
  • a method for processing a product using the above extrusion blow molding machine characterized in that the method for processing a product using an extrusion blow molding machine comprises the following sequential steps;
  • a set of extrusion blow molds in a closed state clamps the extruded raw material, and a drive assembly drives the extrusion blow mold in a closed state to move; and the drive assembly is manipulated to drive another set of extrusion blow molds in an open state.
  • the mold moves so that the closed extrusion blow mold passes between the two half-moulds in the open extrusion blow mold until the raw material is located between the two half-moulds in the extrusion blow mold;
  • control the driving member to switch the extrusion blow mold from the open state to the closed state; and control the driving component to drive the other set of extrusion blow molds to move in the direction of one set of extrusion blow molds, so that one set One end of the extrusion blow mold is butted with another set of extrusion blow molds.
  • the driving component drives the extrusion blow mold in a closed state to move the extrusion blow mold to stretch the raw material.
  • the extrusion blow molding machine can realize continuous production of products with only two sets of extrusion blow molds, and the required number of extrusion blow molds is significantly reduced, thereby significantly reducing the product manufacturing cost;
  • the blow molding machine is especially suitable for the production of small batches.
  • 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams of the three-dimensional structure of the extrusion blow molding machine in different states.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the extrusion blow mold in the mold closing state on the extrusion blow mold opening and closing device.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic bottom view of the extrusion blow mold in the mold closing state of the extrusion blow mold opening and closing device.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the extrusion blow mold in the mold opening state on the extrusion blow mold opening and closing device.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic bottom view of the extrusion blow mold in the mold opening state of the extrusion blow mold opening and closing device.
  • an extrusion blow molding machine includes a frame 1 and two sets of extrusion blow mold opening and closing devices 3, and two sets of extrusion blow mold opening and closing devices. 3 are arranged oppositely; a set of extrusion blow molds 2 is installed on each group of extrusion blow mold opening and closing devices 3 .
  • an extrusion blow molding mold opening and closing device 3 includes an opening and closing mold base 3a, a sliding base 3b and two opening and closing swing rods 3c.
  • Both sides of the sliding seat 3b and the opening and closing mold seat 3a are connected by the first linear guide assembly 3d, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the sliding seat 3b and the movement stability of the sliding seat 3b.
  • the guiding direction of the first linear guide assembly 3d is a horizontal direction, so that the sliding seat 3b can move horizontally along the guiding direction of the first linear guide assembly 3d.
  • the driving member 3e connected with the sliding seat 3b is installed on the opening and closing mold base 3a; the driving member 3e is an oil cylinder or an air cylinder, and the cylinder body is rotatably connected with the opening and closing mold base 3a, and between the piston rod and the sliding seat 3b is also a
  • the rotational connection can reduce the installation accuracy of the driving member 3e, and ensure the sliding flexibility and stability of the sliding seat 3b.
  • One end of the opening and closing swing rod 3c and the opening and closing mold base 3a are rotatably connected by the first rotating shaft 3f; the two opening and closing swing rods 3c share a first rotating shaft 3f, which can improve the opening and closing of the extrusion blow mold.
  • the structure of the device 3 is compact and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
  • the middle part of the opening and closing swing rod 3c is connected with the sliding seat 3b.
  • the accompanying drawings show that a connecting rod 3g is provided between the opening and closing swing rod 3c and the sliding seat 3b, and one end of the connecting rod 3g is between the opening and closing swing rod 3c.
  • the second rotating shaft 3h is rotatably connected, and the other end of the connecting rod 3g and the sliding seat 3b are rotatably connected through the third rotating shaft 3i.
  • the sliding seat 3b drives the connecting rod 3g to move, and the connecting rod 3g drives the opening and closing pendulum rod 3c to swing around the first rotating shaft 3f; it can be seen that this structure not only ensures that the sliding seat 3b can drive the opening and closing pendulum when moving.
  • the rod 3c oscillates, and also conforms to the characteristics of a lever, and has a force-increasing effect, which can reduce the output force of the driving member 3e when ensuring the clamping force of the extrusion blow mold 2 .
  • the two opening and closing swing rods 3c are located between the two sets of first linear guide assemblies 3d, the opening and closing swing rods 3c are bent, and the two opening and closing swing rods 3c are arranged opposite to each other.
  • the length of 3c can control the maximum distance between the other ends of the two opening and closing swing rods 3c.
  • the other end of the opening and closing swing rod 3c is mounted with a mold half mounting seat 3j, and the mold half mounting seat 3j is for mounting the mold half 2a of the extrusion blow mold 2 .
  • the half-mould mounting seat 3j and the opening and closing swing rod 3c are rotatably connected through a fifth rotating shaft 3k.
  • the extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3 also includes an elastic member that can reset the half-mold mounting seat 3j, the elastic member is a torsion spring, the torsion spring is sleeved on the fifth rotating shaft 3k, and one end of the torsion spring is connected to the opening and closing swing rod. 3c is connected, and the other end of the torsion spring is connected with the half-mould mounting seat 3j.
  • the spring member can also be a tension spring, one end of the tension spring is connected with the opening and closing swing rod 3c, and the other end of the tension spring is connected with the half-mould mounting seat 3j.
  • the first rotating shaft 3f is located between the half-mould mounting seat 3j and the sliding seat 3b, and the sliding seat 3b is located between the opening and closing swing rod 3c and the driving member 3e; this arrangement has the advantages of reasonable arrangement and simple structure, and the two half-mould mounting seats
  • the space between 3j is large, and the above space satisfies the installation of the extrusion blow mold 2 and the two half-moulds 2a of the extrusion blow mold 2 in the closed state can be removed from the other group of the extrusion blow mold 2 in the open state. pass between.
  • the extrusion blow mold 2 includes two half-moulds 2a and a set of air injection mechanisms 2b, and the two half-moulds 2a and the two half-mould mounting seats 3j are installed in one-to-one correspondence; the air injection mechanism 2b is installed on the first rotating shaft 3f , the gas injection mechanism 2b can rotate with one of the half molds 2a.
  • the piston rod of the driving part 3e is in the extended state, and the extrusion blow mold 2 is in the clamping state; as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the piston rod of the driving part 3e is in the retracted state , the extrusion blow mold 2 is in the open state.
  • the driving member 3e pushes the sliding seat 3b to move horizontally forward along the guiding direction of the first linear guide assembly 3d; the sliding seat 3b pushes the two connecting rods 3g to move synchronously And swing, the connecting rod 3g pushes the opening and closing swing rod 3c to rotate around the first rotating shaft 3f, the two opening and closing swing rods 3c synchronously and swing in opposite directions, and the distance between the other ends of the two opening and closing swing rods 3c gradually decreases
  • the opening and closing pendulum rod 3c drives the half-mold mounting seat 3j and the half-mold 2a of the extrusion blow mold 2 to swing, so that not only the two half-molds 2a of the extrusion blow mold 2 are gradually moved closer to realize mold closing, but also the extrusion blow mold 2 is squeezed.
  • the distance between the blowing mold 2 and the opening and closing mold base 3a is increased, and the extrusion blow mold 2 extends out of
  • the driving member 3e pulls the sliding seat 3b to move horizontally backward along the guiding direction of the first linear guide assembly 3d; the sliding seat 3b pulls the two connecting rods 3g to move synchronously And swing, the connecting rod 3g pulls the opening and closing pendulum rod 3c to rotate around the first axis 3f, and the two opening and closing pendulum rods 3c synchronously and swing in opposite directions;
  • the half-mould 2a of the mold 2 swings, and the distance between the other ends of the two opening and closing pendulum rods 3c gradually increases; this not only increases the gap between the two half-moulds 2a of the extrusion blow mold 2, but also realizes mold opening.
  • the extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3 can also reduce the overhang size of the extrusion blow mold 2 , thereby improving the installation stability of the extrusion blow mold 2 , and improving the upper and lower butt joint fit of the two sets of extrusion blow mold 2 .
  • the above-mentioned structure of the extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3 can make the extrusion blow mold 2 extend or retract, which can reduce the distance between the two groups of extrusion blow mold opening and closing devices 3, thereby improving the extrusion blow mold.
  • the compactness of the plastic molding machine is thereby improving the installation stability of the extrusion blow mold 2 , and improving the upper and lower butt joint fit of the two sets of extrusion blow mold 2 .
  • the left and right sides of the opening and closing mold base 3 a in the extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3 are connected by the second linear guide assembly 4 ; thus, the bearing capacity and stability of the extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3 are improved.
  • the guiding direction of the second linear guide assembly 4 is the vertical direction, whereby the extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3 can move up and down along the guiding direction of the second linear guide assembly 4 .
  • the axis of the first rotating shaft 3f is set vertically, so that the two half-moulds 2a of the extrusion blow mold 2 are opened and closed horizontally, so that the raw material 8 in a vertical state can be used to extrude, which is beneficial to improve the quality of the product.
  • the drive assembly 5 includes a motor 5a and a transmission belt 5b, the housing of the motor 5a is fixed on the frame 1, and the transmission belt 5b is connected with the opening and closing mold base 3a of the extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3;
  • the follower pulley 5c connected with the drive belt 5b, and the drive pulley 5d connected with the drive belt 5b are fixed on the rotating shaft of the motor 5a.
  • the extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3 By controlling the rotation direction and speed of the motor 5a, the extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3 can be controlled to rise or fall, and the lifting speed can be adjusted; the speed of the upper and lower sets of extrusion blow molds 2 can be controlled separately, and then flexibly according to the actual situation. Adjust the speed to significantly improve the directionality of the end-to-end butt joint between the upper and lower sets of extrusion blow molds 2 .
  • the motor 5a has a large rotational speed control range and high precision, thereby ensuring that the lowering speed of the blow mold opening and closing device is the same as the plastic extrusion speed or the blow mold opening and closing device lowering speed is greater than the plastic extrusion speed.
  • the counterweight assembly 6 includes a counterweight block 6a and a connecting belt 6b, a roller 6c is installed on the frame 1, the connecting belt 6b is sleeved on the roller 6c, and the connecting belt 6b is opened and closed with the counterweight block 6a and the extrusion blow mold.
  • the opening and closing mold base 3a of the device 3 is connected.
  • An auxiliary weight 9 is mounted on the transmission belt 5b.
  • the slight elasticity of the transmission belt 5b is an objective existence.
  • it not only ensures that the upper and lower butted extrusion blow molds 2 are completely fitted, but also generates a certain pressure between the upper and lower sets of extrusion blow molds 2. This further significantly improves the end-to-end butt-jointness of the upper and lower sets of extrusion blow molds 2 .
  • the extrusion head 7 When using the extrusion blow molding machine to process the product, the extrusion head 7 is located directly above the extrusion blow molding machine, and the raw material 8 extruded from the extrusion head 7 naturally moves vertically downward.
  • the driving component 5 drives the extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3 to reciprocate downward and upward; during the downward process, the extrusion blow mold 2 is in a closed state; during the upward process, the extrusion blow mold 2 is in the mold opening state. state.
  • the two groups of extrusion blow mold opening and closing devices 3 are respectively referred to as the first extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3 and the second extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3;
  • the extrusion blow mold 2 on the blow mold opening and closing device 3 is called the first extrusion blow mold 2, and the extrusion blow mold 2 installed on the second extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3 It is called the second extrusion blow mold 2;
  • the drive assembly 5 connected with the first extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3 is called the first drive assembly 5, which is connected with the second extrusion blow mold opening and closing device.
  • the 3-phase connected drive assembly 5 is referred to as the second drive assembly 5 .
  • the first extrusion blow mold 2 is located above the second extrusion blow mold 2, the first extrusion blow mold 2 is in a closed state, and the second extrusion blow mold 2 is in an open mold state. In this state, it is suitable for blow molding the raw material 8 in the first extrusion blow mold 2, and then blow molding the raw material 8 in the first extrusion blow mold 2 into a product.
  • the motor 5a in the first drive assembly 5 it is also necessary to control the motor 5a in the first drive assembly 5 to rotate, so that the first drive assembly 5 drives the first extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3 to continue downward.
  • the second drive assembly 5 drives the second extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3 to move upward, and the first extrusion blow mold 2 removes the two half molds from the second extrusion blow mold 2 2a; usually the first extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3 moves downward at the same speed as the extrusion head 7 extrudes the raw material 8 .
  • the first extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3 moves downward, and the second extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3 moves upward to achieve the state shown in Figure 2; the second extrusion blow mold 2 is located at Above the first extrusion blow mold 2 .
  • the blow molding machine After the blow molding machine is in the state shown in FIG. 2 , by manipulating the second driving assembly 5 and the driving part 3e in the second extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3 , the upper end of the first extrusion blow mold 2 and the The lower ends of the second extrusion blow mold 2 are butted together, and the second extrusion blow mold 2 is closed. Before the two half-moulds 2a in the second extrusion blow mold 2 are closed, by controlling the rotational speed of the motor 5a in the first drive assembly 5, the first extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3 moves downward faster than the extrusion blow mold.
  • the speed of the extrusion head 7 extruding the raw material 8 is the same; thus the extruded raw material 8 is axially stretched, which is beneficial to reshape the molecular chain of the raw material 8 and improve the properties of the material, especially the transparency.
  • the motor 5a in the second drive assembly 5 is controlled to rotate, so that the second drive assembly 5 drives the second extrusion blow mold
  • the mold opening and closing device 3 continues to move downward.
  • it is suitable for blow molding the raw material 8 in the second extrusion blow mold 2, so that the raw material 8 in the second extrusion blow mold 2 is blow molded into product.
  • the rotational speed of the motor 5a in the first drive assembly 5 is also increased, so that the downward movement speed of the first extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3 is greater than that of the second extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3. speed; whereby the first extrusion blow mold 2 is separated from the second extrusion blow mold 2 and the raw material 8 in the first extrusion blow mold 2 is separated from the raw material 8 in the second extrusion blow mold 2 Pull off.
  • the driving part 3e in the first extrusion blow mold opening and closing device 3 is operated, and the first extrusion blow mold 2 is opened.
  • the product in the first extrusion blow mold 2 is dropped.
  • Embodiment 2 The structure and principle of this embodiment are basically the same as those of Embodiment 1, and the basic similarities will not be described redundantly, only the different places will be described.
  • the opening and closing swing rod 3c and the sliding seat 3b are connected by a fourth rotating shaft, and the shaft hole of the sliding seat 3b is in the shape of a strip.
  • the sliding seat 3b drives the fourth rotating shaft to move, and the fourth rotating shaft drives the opening and closing swing rod 3c to swing around the first rotating shaft 3f; during this process, the fourth rotating shaft moves along the side wall of the shaft hole.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种挤出吹塑成型机和利用挤出吹塑成型机加工产品方法，属于塑料加工技术领域。它解决了现有的吹塑机不适合部分型号挤出吹塑模具加工产品的问题。本挤出吹塑成型机包括机架和两组挤出吹塑模开合模装置，每组挤出吹塑模开合模装置上均安装有一套挤出吹塑模，挤出吹塑模开合模装置与机架之间通过第二直线导向组件相连接；当一套挤出吹塑模处于打开状态，另一套挤出吹塑模处于闭合状态，且一组挤出吹塑模开合模装置相对于另一组挤出吹塑模开合模装置沿着第二直线导向组件导向方向移动时，处于闭合状态的挤出吹塑模能从处于打开状态的挤出吹塑模中两块半模之间通过。

Description

挤出吹塑成型机和利用挤出吹塑成型机加工产品方法 技术领域
本发明属于塑料加工技术领域，涉及一种吹塑成型，特别是一种挤出吹塑成型机。
本发明属于塑料加工技术领域，涉及一种吹塑成型，特别是一种利用挤出吹塑成型机加工产品方法。
背景技术
挤出吹塑是一种制造中空热塑性制件的方法，吹塑对象有瓶、桶、罐、箱以及包装食品、饮料、化妆品、药品和日用品的容器。
关于挤出吹塑成型机的相关文献较多，如中国专利文献记载的吹塑机(申请号201710658468.3)；包括机架、转盘和多组吹塑模开合装置，多组吹塑模开合装置绕着转盘的轴芯线周向分布；每组吹塑模开合装置上均安装一套吹塑模，由此吹塑模数量较多，该设备并不适合小批量生产。再者，申请人还曾提出了挤出吹塑模具(申请号202010365098.6)，利用上述吹塑机和上述挤出吹塑模具加工产品时存在着调试时间长，以及并不能相邻两套模具对接吻合性，影响产品合格率的问题。
发明内容
本发明提出了一种挤出吹塑成型机，本发明要解决的技术问题是如何提出一种适合小批量生产产品的挤出吹塑成型机。
本发明提出了一种利用挤出吹塑成型机加工产品方法，本发明要解决的技术问题是如何提出一种适合工业化生产的利用挤出吹塑成型机加工产品方法。
本发明的要解决的技术问题可通过下列技术方案来实现：一种挤出吹塑成型机，包括机架和两组挤出吹塑模开合模装置，每组挤出吹塑模开合模装置上均安装有一套挤出吹塑模；两组挤出吹塑模开合模装置相对设置，挤出吹塑模开合模装置与机架之间通过第二直线导向组件相连接；当一套挤出吹塑模处于打开状态，另一套挤出吹塑模处于闭合状态，且一组挤出吹塑模开合模装置相对于另一组挤出吹塑模开合模装置沿着第二直线导向组件导向方向移动时，处于闭合状态的挤出吹塑模能从处于打开状态的挤出吹塑模中两块半模之间通过。
本挤出吹塑成型机通过控制两组挤出吹塑模开合模装置沿着第二直线导向组件导向方向移动，实现挤出吹塑模开合模装置上下往复移动，通过控制挤出吹塑模开合模装置动作实现挤出吹塑模开合模往复动作，通过有序控制两组挤出吹塑模开合模装置移动以及控制挤出吹塑模开合模装置动作便能实现两套挤出吹塑模上下交替设置，如一套挤出吹塑模处于向下移动且处于吹塑成型步骤，另一套挤出吹塑模处于开模状态且向上移动步骤。
在上述的挤出吹塑成型机中，所述第二直线导向组件的导向方向与挤出吹塑模的两块半模开合模方向垂直设置。
在上述的挤出吹塑成型机中，所述机架上安装有两组包括电机的驱动组件，两组 驱动组件与两组挤出吹塑模开合模装置一一对应地相连接。
在上述的挤出吹塑成型机中，所述机架上安装有两组包括电机的驱动组件，两组驱动组件与两组挤出吹塑模开合模装置一一对应地相连接。
在上述的挤出吹塑成型机中，所述驱动组件还包括传动带，电机的壳体固定在机架上，电机的转轴和挤出吹塑模开合模装置之间通过传动带相连接。
在上述的挤出吹塑成型机中，所述机架上安装有随动轮，传动带套设在随动轮上，传动带上安装有辅助配重块。
在上述的挤出吹塑成型机中，所述机架上还安装有两组配重组件，两组配重组件与两组挤出吹塑模开合模装置一一对应地相连接。
在上述的挤出吹塑成型机中，所述配重组件包括配重块和连接带，机架上安装有滚轮，连接带套设在滚轮上，连接带与配重块和挤出吹塑模开合模装置相连接。
在上述的挤出吹塑成型机中，所述挤出吹塑模开合模装置包括开合模座、滑动座和两根开合摆杆，开合模座通过第二直线导向组件与机架相连接；滑动座与开合模座之间通过第一直线导向组件相连接，开合模座上安装有与滑动座相连接的驱动件；开合摆杆的中部与滑动座之间相连接，开合摆杆的一端安装有半模安装座，挤出吹塑模的半模安装在半模安装座上，开合摆杆的另一端与开合模座之间通过第一转轴转动连接；当驱动件带动滑动座沿第一直线导向组件导向方向移动时，两根开合摆杆的一端部相互靠近或相互远离。挤出吹塑模开合模装置使开合摆杆的一端部相对于另一端部摆动，这样能提高半模安装座摆动幅度，进而增大挤出吹塑模处于打开状态时两块半模之间间距；由此一套处于闭合状态的挤出吹塑模能从另一套处于打开状态的挤出吹塑模中两块半模之间通过。
一种利用上述挤出吹塑成型机加工产品方法，其特征在于，利用挤出吹塑成型机加工产品方法包括下述顺序步骤；
第一步，一套处于闭合状态的挤出吹塑模夹住挤出原料，驱动组件带动处于闭合状态的挤出吹塑模移动；以及操控驱动组件带动另一套处于打开状态的挤出吹塑模移动，使处于闭合状态的挤出吹塑模从处于打开状态的挤出吹塑模中两块半模之间通过，直至原料位于挤出吹塑模中两块半模之间；
第二步，操控驱动件使所述挤出吹塑模由打开状态切换至闭合状态；以及操控驱动组件带动另一套挤出吹塑模向一套挤出吹塑模方向移动，使一套挤出吹塑模的一端部与另一套挤出吹塑模对接。
在上述的挤出吹塑成型机中，在所述第一步中，驱动组件带动处于闭合状态的挤出吹塑模移动时挤出吹塑模拉伸原料。
与现有技术相比，本挤出吹塑成型机仅需两套挤出吹塑模便能实现连续生产产品，挤出吹塑模所需数量显著降低，进而显著降低产品制造成本；本挤出吹塑成型机尤其适合小批量产品的生产。
本挤出吹塑成型机中两套挤出吹塑模上下交替动作时，一套处于闭合状态的挤出吹塑模直接从另一套处于打开状态的挤出吹塑模中两块半模之间通过，降低挤出吹塑成型机动作步骤，提高挤出吹塑成型机结构紧凑性，降低挤出吹塑成型机制造成本和提高挤出吹塑成型机运行稳定性。
本挤出吹塑成型机中两套挤出吹塑模上下交替动作时，两组挤出吹塑模开合模装 置移动速度能分开控制，结合挤出吹塑模开合模时长，便能使两套挤出吹塑模首尾对接更严密，对接效率更高，进而提高产品生产效率和产品合格率。
附图说明
图1和图2是挤出吹塑成型机处于不同状态的立体结构示意图。
图3是挤出吹塑模开合模装置上挤出吹塑模处于合模状态的立体结构示意图。
图4是挤出吹塑模开合模装置上挤出吹塑模处于合模状态的仰视结构示意图。
图5是挤出吹塑模开合模装置上挤出吹塑模处于开模状态的立体结构示意图。
图6是挤出吹塑模开合模装置上挤出吹塑模处于开模状态的仰视结构示意图。
图中，1、机架；2、挤出吹塑模；2a、半模；2b、注气机构；3、挤出吹塑模开合模装置；3a、开合模座；3b、滑动座；3c、开合摆杆；3d、第一直线导向组件；3e、驱动件；3f、第一转轴；3g、连杆；3h、第二转轴；3i、第三转轴；3j、半模安装座；3k、第五转轴；4、第二直线导向组件；5、驱动组件；5a、电机；5b、传动带；5c、随动轮；5d、驱动轮；6、配重组件；6a、配重块；6b、连接带；6c、滚轮；7、挤出头；8、原料；9、辅助配重块。
具体实施方式
以下是本发明的具体实施例并结合附图，对本发明的技术方案作进一步的描述，但本发明并不限于这些实施例。
实施例一：如图1和图2所示，一种挤出吹塑成型机包括机架1和两组挤出吹塑模开合模装置3，两组挤出吹塑模开合模装置3相对设置；每组挤出吹塑模开合模装置3上均安装有一套挤出吹塑模2。
如图3至图6所示，一种挤出吹塑模开合模装置3包括开合模座3a、滑动座3b和两根开合摆杆3c。
滑动座3b的两侧部与开合模座3a之间均通过第一直线导向组件3d相连接，由此提高滑动座3b的承载能力以及提高滑动座3b的运动稳定性。第一直线导向组件3d的导向方向为水平方向，由此滑动座3b能沿着第一直线导向组件3d导向方向水平移动。
开合模座3a上安装有与滑动座3b相连接的驱动件3e；驱动件3e为油缸或气缸，缸体与开合模座3a之间转动连接，活塞杆与滑动座3b之间也为转动连接，这样能降低驱动件3e安装精度，以及保证滑动座3b滑动灵活性和稳定性。
开合摆杆3c的一端部与开合模座3a之间通过第一转轴3f转动连接；两根开合摆杆3c共用一根第一转轴3f，这样能提高挤出吹塑模开合模装置3结构紧凑性，降低制造成本。
开合摆杆3c的中部与滑动座3b之间相连接，说明书附图给出开合摆杆3c与滑动座3b之间设有连杆3g，连杆3g一端与开合摆杆3c之间通过第二转轴3h转动连接，连杆3g另一端与滑动座3b之间通过第三转轴3i转动连接。滑动座3b移动时，滑动座3b带动连杆3g移动，连杆3g带动开合摆杆3c绕着第一转轴3f摆动；由此可知，该结构不仅保证滑动座3b移动时能带动开合摆杆3c摆动，而且还符合杠杆特性，具有增力作用，在保证挤出吹塑模2合模力时能降低驱动件3e输出作用力。
两根开合摆杆3c位于两组第一直线导向组件3d之间，开合摆杆3c呈弯折状，两根开合摆杆3c相对设置，通过控制弯折角度和开合摆杆3c长度便能控制两根开合摆杆3c另一 端部之间最大间距。
开合摆杆3c的另一端安装有半模安装座3j，半模安装座3j供挤出吹塑模2的半模2a安装。半模安装座3j与开合摆杆3c之间通过第五转轴3k转动连接。挤出吹塑模开合模装置3还包括能使半模安装座3j复位的弹性件，弹性件为扭簧，扭簧套设在第五转轴3k上，扭簧的一端与开合摆杆3c相连接，扭簧的另一端与半模安装座3j相连接。根据实际情况弹簧件也可采用拉簧，拉簧的一端与开合摆杆3c相连接，拉簧的另一端与半模安装座3j相连接。
第一转轴3f位于半模安装座3j和滑动座3b之间，滑动座3b位于开合摆杆3c与驱动件3e之间；这种布置结构具有布置合理，结构简单，两个半模安装座3j之间空间大，上述空间满足挤出吹塑模2安装以及一组处于闭合状态的挤出吹塑模2能从另一组处于打开状态的挤出吹塑模2中两块半模2a之间通过。
挤出吹塑模2包括两块半模2a和一组注气机构2b，两块半模2a和两个半模安装座3j一一对应地安装；注气机构2b安装在第一转轴3f上，注气机构2b能随其中一块半模2a转动。通过阐述挤出吹塑模2的开合模过程，进一步说明各个部件的作用和优点。如图3和图4所示，驱动件3e的活塞杆处于伸出状态，挤出吹塑模2处于合模状态；如图5和图6所示，驱动件3e的活塞杆处于回缩状态，挤出吹塑模2处于开模状态。
当驱动件3e的活塞杆从回缩状态逐渐伸出时，驱动件3e推动滑动座3b沿着第一直线导向组件3d导向方向水平向前方移动；滑动座3b推动两根连杆3g同步移动以及摆动，连杆3g推动开合摆杆3c绕着第一转轴3f转动，两根开合摆杆3c同步且沿相反方向摆动，两根开合摆杆3c的另一端部之间间距逐渐缩小；开合摆杆3c带动半模安装座3j和挤出吹塑模2的半模2a摆动，这样不仅使挤出吹塑模2的两块半模2a逐渐靠拢，实现合模，还使挤出吹塑模2与开合模座3a之间间距增大，挤出吹塑模2伸出开合模座3a，便于加工产品。
当驱动件3e的活塞杆从伸出状态逐渐回缩时，驱动件3e拉动滑动座3b沿着第一直线导向组件3d导向方向水平向后方移动；滑动座3b拉动两根连杆3g同步移动以及摆动，连杆3g拉动开合摆杆3c绕着第一转轴3f转动，两根开合摆杆3c同步且沿相反方向摆动；开合摆杆3c带动半模安装座3j和挤出吹塑模2的半模2a摆动，两根开合摆杆3c的另一端部之间间距逐渐增大；这样不仅使挤出吹塑模2的两块半模2a之间逐渐增大，实现开模；还使挤出吹塑模2与开合模座3a之间间距缩小，挤出吹塑模2部分缩至开合模座3a，不仅提高两块半模2a之间间距，还降低占用体积，避免两套挤出吹塑模2运动产生干涉。
挤出吹塑模开合模装置3还能降低挤出吹塑模2悬挑尺寸，进而提高挤出吹塑模2安装稳定性，以及提高两套挤出吹塑模2上下对接吻合度。上述挤出吹塑模开合模装置3结构能使挤出吹塑模2伸出或回缩，这样能降低两组挤出吹塑模开合模装置3之间间距，进而提高挤出吹塑成型机结构紧凑性。
挤出吹塑模开合模装置3中开合模座3a的左右两侧均通过第二直线导向组件4相连接；由此提高挤出吹塑模开合模装置3承载能力以及稳定性。第二直线导向组件4的导向方向为竖直方向，由此挤出吹塑模开合模装置3能沿着第二直线导向组件4导向方向升降移动。第一转轴3f的轴心竖直设置，由此挤出吹塑模2的两块半模2a水平开合，这样能利用挤出处于竖直状态的原料8，有利于提高产品的品质。
机架1上安装有两组驱动组件5，两组驱动组件5与两组挤出吹塑模开合模装置3一一对应地相连接。驱动组件5包括电机5a和传动带5b，电机5a的壳体固定在机架1上，传动带 5b与挤出吹塑模开合模装置3的开合模座3a相连接；机架1上安装有与传动带5b相连接的随动轮5c，电机5a的转轴上固定有与传动带5b相连接的驱动轮5d。通过控制电机5a的转动方向以及转速能控制挤出吹塑模开合模装置3上升或下降以及调整升降速度；既能分别控制上下两套挤出吹塑模2的速度，进而根据实际情况灵活调整速度，显著提高上下两套挤出吹塑模2之间首尾对接方向性。电机5a转速调控范围大且精度高，进而能保证吹塑模开合模装置下降速度与塑料挤出速度相同或吹塑模开合模装置下降速度大于塑料挤出速度。
机架1上还安装有两组配重组件6，两组配重组件6与两组挤出吹塑模开合模装置3一一对应地相连接。配重组件6包括配重块6a和连接带6b，机架1上安装有滚轮6c，连接带6b套设在滚轮6c上，连接带6b与配重块6a和挤出吹塑模开合模装置3的开合模座3a相连接。传动带5b上安装有辅助配重块9。根据挤出吹塑模开合模装置3和挤出吹塑模2的重力选择合适重量的配重块6a和辅助配重块9，显著降低电机5a的负载，不仅提高速度调控精度，还提高挤出吹塑模开合模装置3升降灵活性和稳定性。
传动带5b具有细微弹性是客观存在的，通过控制电机5a过渡旋转，不仅保证上下对接的挤出吹塑模2完全贴合，而且还使上下两套挤出吹塑模2之间产生一定压力，进而显著提高上下两套挤出吹塑模2首尾对接吻合性。
利用挤出吹塑成型机加工产品时，挤出头7位于挤出吹塑成型机的正上方，从挤出头7挤出的原料8自然竖直向下移动。驱动组件5带动挤出吹塑模开合模装置3向下和向上往复移动；在向下过程中挤出吹塑模2处于合模状态；在向上过程中挤出吹塑模2处于开模状态。
通过阐述利用挤出吹塑成型机加工产品的几个特定过程，进一步说明各个部件在作用和优点。为了便于描述，两组挤出吹塑模开合模装置3分别称为第一挤出吹塑模开合模装置3和第二挤出吹塑模开合模装置3；安装在第一挤出吹塑模开合模装置3上的挤出吹塑模2称为第一挤出吹塑模2，安装在第二挤出吹塑模开合模装置3上的挤出吹塑模2称为第二挤出吹塑模2；与第一挤出吹塑模开合模装置3相连接的驱动组件5称为第一驱动组件5，与第二挤出吹塑模开合模装置3相连接的驱动组件5称为第二驱动组件5。
如图1所示，第一挤出吹塑模2位于第二挤出吹塑模2的上方，第一挤出吹塑模2处于合模状态，第二挤出吹塑模2处于开模状态。此状态时，适合对第一挤出吹塑模2内原料8进行吹塑，进而使第一挤出吹塑模2内原料8被吹塑成型为产品。在第一挤出吹塑模2吹塑成型过程中还需要操控第一驱动组件5中的电机5a转动，实现第一驱动组件5带动第一挤出吹塑模开合模装置3持续向下移动；在此过程中，第二驱动组件5带动第二挤出吹塑模开合模装置3向上移动，第一挤出吹塑模2从第二挤出吹塑模2中两个半模2a之间通过；通常第一挤出吹塑模开合模装置3向下移动速度与挤出头7挤出原料8的速度相同。
第一挤出吹塑模开合模装置3向下移动，第二挤出吹塑模开合模装置3向上移动，便能达到如图2所示状态；第二挤出吹塑模2位于第一挤出吹塑模2的上方。
吹塑成型机处于图2所示状态后，通过操控第二驱动组件5以及第二挤出吹塑模开合模装置3中驱动件3e，使第一挤出吹塑模2的上端部与第二挤出吹塑模2的下端部对接，以及使第二挤出吹塑模2合模。在第二挤出吹塑模2中两个半模2a闭合之前，通过控制第一驱动组件5中电机5a的转速，使第一挤出吹塑模开合模装置3向下移动速度大于挤出头7挤出原料8的速度相同；由此挤出原料8被轴向拉伸，这样有利重塑原料8分子链，提高材料的特 性，尤其是透明性。
在第一挤出吹塑模2和第二挤出吹塑模2均处于合模状态之后，操控第二驱动组件5中的电机5a转动，实现第二驱动组件5带动第二挤出吹塑模开合模装置3持续向下移动，在此过程中适合对第二挤出吹塑模2内原料8进行吹塑，进而使第二挤出吹塑模2内原料8被吹塑成型为产品。在此过程中还提高第一驱动组件5中电机5a的转速，实现第一挤出吹塑模开合模装置3向下移动速度大于第二挤出吹塑模开合模装置3向下移动速度；由此第一挤出吹塑模2与第二挤出吹塑模2分离，以及将第一挤出吹塑模2内的原料8与第二挤出吹塑模2内的原料8拉断。
在第一挤出吹塑模2与第二挤出吹塑模2分离后，操纵第一挤出吹塑模开合模装置3中驱动件3e，第一挤出吹塑模2开模，第一挤出吹塑模2内产品掉落。
实施例二：本实施例同实施例一的结构及原理基本相同，基本相同之处不再累赘描述，仅描述不一样的地方，不一样的地方在于：开合摆杆3c的中部与滑动座3b之间连接结构，开合摆杆3c与滑动座3b之间通过第四转轴相连接，滑动座3b的轴孔呈条状。滑动座3b移动时滑动座3b带动第四转轴移动，第四转轴带动开合摆杆3c绕着第一转轴3f摆动；在此过程中，第四转轴沿着轴孔的侧壁移动。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种挤出吹塑成型机，包括机架，其特征在于，挤出吹塑成型机还包括两组挤出吹塑模开合模装置(3)，每组挤出吹塑模开合模装置(3)上均安装有一套挤出吹塑模(2)；两组挤出吹塑模开合模装置(3)相对设置，挤出吹塑模开合模装置(3)与机架之间通过第二直线导向组件(4)相连接；当一套挤出吹塑模(2)处于打开状态，另一套挤出吹塑模(2)处于闭合状态，且一组挤出吹塑模开合模装置(3)相对于另一组挤出吹塑模开合模装置(3)沿着第二直线导向组件(4)导向方向移动时，处于闭合状态的挤出吹塑模(2)能从处于打开状态的挤出吹塑模(2)中两块半模(2a)之间通过。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的挤出吹塑模开合模装置，其特征在于，所述第二直线导向组件(4)的导向方向与挤出吹塑模(2)的两块半模(2a)开合模方向垂直设置。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的挤出吹塑模开合模装置，其特征在于，所述机架(1)上还安装有两组配重组件(6)，两组配重组件(6)与两组挤出吹塑模开合模装置(3)一一对应地相连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的挤出吹塑模开合模装置，其特征在于，所述配重组件(6)包括配重块(6a)和连接带(6b)，机架(1)上安装有滚轮(6c)，连接带(6b)套设在滚轮(6c)上，连接带(6b)与配重块(6a)和挤出吹塑模开合模装置(3)相连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的挤出吹塑模开合模装置，其特征在于，所述挤出吹塑模开合模装置包括开合模座(3a)、滑动座(3b)和两根开合摆杆(3c)，开合模座(3a)通过第二直线导向组件(4)与机架相连接；滑动座(3b)与开合模座(3a)之间通过第一直线导向组件(3d)相连接，开合模座(3a)上安装有与滑动座(3b)相连接的驱动件(3e)；开合摆杆(3c)的中部与滑动座(3b)之间相连接，开合摆杆(3c)的一端安装有半模安装座(3j)，挤出吹塑模(2)的半模(2a)安装在半模安装座(3j)上，开合摆杆(3c)的另一端与开合模座(3a)之间通过第一转轴(3f)转动连接；当驱动件(3e)带动滑动座(3b)沿第一直线导向组件(3d)导向方向移动时，两根开合摆杆(3c)的一端部相互靠近或相互远离。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的挤出吹塑模开合模装置，其特征在于，所述机架(1)上安装有两组包括电机(5a)的驱动组件(5)，两组驱动组件(5)与两组挤出吹塑模开合模装置(3)一一对应地相连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的挤出吹塑模开合模装置，其特征在于，所述驱动组件(5)还包括传动带(5b)，电机(5a)的壳体固定在机架(1)上，电机(5a)的转轴和挤出吹塑模开合模装置(3)之间通过传动带(5b)相连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的挤出吹塑模开合模装置，其特征在于，所述机架(1)上安装有随动轮(5c)，传动带(5b)套设在随动轮(5c)上，传动带(5b)上安装有辅助配重块。
  9. 一种利用权利要求6或7或8挤出吹塑成型机加工产品方法，其特征在于，利用挤出吹塑成型机加工产品方法包括下述顺序步骤；
    第一步，一套处于闭合状态的挤出吹塑模(2)夹住挤出原料，驱动组件(5)带动处于闭合状态的挤出吹塑模(2)移动；以及操控驱动组件(5)带动另一套处于打开状态的挤出吹塑模(2)移动，使处于闭合状态的挤出吹塑模(2)从处于打开状态的挤出吹塑模(2)中两块半模(2a)之间通过，直至处于打开状态的挤出吹塑模(2)中两块半模(2a)位于原料的两侧；
    第二步，操控驱动件(3e)使所述挤出吹塑模(2)由打开状态切换至闭合状态；以及操控驱动组件(5)带动另一套挤出吹塑模(2)向一套挤出吹塑模(2)方向移动，使一套挤出吹塑 模(2)的一端部与另一套挤出吹塑模(2)对接。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的利用挤出吹塑成型机加工产品方法，其特征在于，在所述第一步中，驱动组件(5)带动处于闭合状态的挤出吹塑模(2)移动时挤出吹塑模(2)拉伸原料。
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