WO2022088320A1 - 电池模组、电池包及其电池热失控检测方法 - Google Patents

电池模组、电池包及其电池热失控检测方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022088320A1
WO2022088320A1 PCT/CN2020/130808 CN2020130808W WO2022088320A1 WO 2022088320 A1 WO2022088320 A1 WO 2022088320A1 CN 2020130808 W CN2020130808 W CN 2020130808W WO 2022088320 A1 WO2022088320 A1 WO 2022088320A1
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Prior art keywords
battery
weakened
battery module
explosion
main body
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PCT/CN2020/130808
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨明平
何亚飞
宋状
白玉龙
李登科
朱圣法
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远景动力技术(江苏)有限公司
远景睿泰动力技术(上海)有限公司
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Publication of WO2022088320A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022088320A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery module, a battery pack and a battery thermal runaway detection method.
  • Lithium-ion battery thermal runaway causes vehicles to burn out from time to time. How to prevent battery thermal runaway is an important research and development direction for many car companies and battery manufacturers. Thermal runaway of the battery occurs with gas ejection, the temperature will increase, and the voltage will decrease.
  • the thermal runaway monitoring of the battery usually uses the gas pressure sensor in the battery pack to detect the gas pressure, and simultaneously detects the voltage and temperature of the battery cell, and makes a comprehensive judgment based on the detection results of the three.
  • the existing thermal runaway monitoring scheme due to the problems of the device itself, one or more false alarms of the three measured values of gas pressure value, voltage or temperature will be caused, which will affect the accuracy of cell monitoring and cause unnecessary Check the cost, resulting in a poor user experience.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a battery module, a battery pack and a battery thermal runaway detection method.
  • the battery module of the battery pack can obtain warning signals of abnormal cells, and has high warning accuracy and low detection cost.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery module, including:
  • the plurality of battery cells are laterally adjacent to each other in sequence, and one side of each battery cell is provided with an explosion-proof valve;
  • busbar support is plate-shaped and is disposed adjacent to the side of the plurality of cells with the explosion-proof valve, and the busbar support is provided with an opening at a position corresponding to the explosion-proof valve;
  • a circuit sampling board the circuit sampling board is mounted on the surface of the busbar support, the circuit sampling board has a main body and at least one weakened part integrally connected with the main body, the at least one weakened part is connected to the opening corresponding to the location.
  • An embodiment of the present invention also provides a battery pack, the battery pack includes the above-mentioned battery module.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a battery thermal runaway detection method, which is applied to a battery module, wherein the battery module includes: a plurality of cells, the plurality of cells are laterally adjacent to each other in sequence, and each cell An explosion-proof valve is arranged on one side of the battery; a busbar support, the busbar support is plate-shaped and is arranged adjacent to the side of the plurality of cells with the explosion-proof valve, and the busbar support is corresponding to the explosion-proof valve.
  • An opening is provided at the position of the circuit sampling plate;
  • the circuit sampling plate is mounted on the surface of the busbar support, and the circuit sampling plate has a main body and at least one weakened part integrally connected with the main body, the at least one weakened part part corresponds to the position of the opening;
  • the battery thermal runaway detection method includes: detecting the line signal of the weakened part; and sending a feedback signal to a management system when the line signal of the weakened part changes.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a battery thermal runaway detection method, which is applied to a battery module, wherein the battery module includes: a plurality of cells, the plurality of cells are laterally adjacent to each other in sequence, and each cell An explosion-proof valve is arranged on one side of the battery; a busbar support, the busbar support is plate-shaped and is arranged adjacent to the side of the plurality of cells with the explosion-proof valve, and the busbar support is corresponding to the explosion-proof valve.
  • the circuit sampling plate is installed on the surface of the busbar support, and the circuit sampling plate has a main body and a plurality of weakened parts; wherein, the two ends of each weakened part are respectively connected with the The main body is integrally connected and corresponds to the position of the opening, the weakened portion extends in a direction intersecting with the arrangement direction of the battery cells, and the number of the plurality of weakened portions and the battery cells is the same;
  • the battery thermal runaway detection method includes: connecting the plurality of weakened parts in series with resistors with different resistance values respectively, and detecting the total resistance value of the parallel connection of the resistances of the plurality of weakened parts; when the total resistance value changes, The corresponding broken weakened portion is determined according to the total resistance value.
  • the battery module sets a weakening part on the circuit sampling board, and uses the gas generated inside the battery cell to break through the explosion-proof valve to break the weakening part to issue a warning signal of abnormal battery core, and the warning rate is high.
  • the at least one weakened portion is one weakened portion, and one end of the one weakened portion is integrally connected with the main body and extends along the direction of the cell arrangement.
  • the at least one weakened portion includes a plurality of weakened portions, two ends of each weakened portion are respectively integrally connected with the main body, and correspond to the positions of the openings, and the weakened portions are located along the The electric cores are arranged in a direction intersecting the direction extending, wherein the number of the weakened parts is the same as the number of the electric cores.
  • the plurality of weakened parts are respectively connected in series with resistors with different resistance values.
  • the main body includes a base portion and two connecting portions extending from the base portion along the cell arrangement direction, and two ends of the weakened portion are respectively connected to the two connecting portions.
  • the main body includes two base portions and at least one connecting portion extending from the two base portions along the cell arrangement direction and connecting the two base portions; the at least one weakened portion is two A weakened portion, the two weakened portions are respectively integrally connected with the two base portions and extend along the arrangement direction of the battery cells.
  • the size of the opening is not smaller than the size of the explosion-proof valve.
  • the circuit sampling board is further provided with at least one sampling part, the weakening part is connected with the at least one sampling part, and a sampling induction part is arranged on the sampling part.
  • the size of the weakened portion along a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the cells is 1-3 mm.
  • the size of the weakened portion along the arrangement direction of the cells is 1-3 mm.
  • the weakened portion has a narrowed section at a portion corresponding to the opening.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit sampling board of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another modification of the circuit sampling board of the battery module according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a bus bar support according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a battery thermal runaway detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a battery thermal runaway detection method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the battery module of the embodiment of the present invention includes: a plurality of battery cells, which are laterally adjacent to each other in sequence, and an explosion-proof valve is configured on one side of each battery cell; a bus bar support, the bus bar support is plate-shaped and The side of the plurality of cells with the explosion-proof valve is adjacently arranged, and the busbar support is provided with an opening at the position corresponding to the explosion-proof valve; the circuit sampling board, the circuit sampling board is installed on the surface of the busbar support, and the circuit sampling board has a main body and a connection with the main body. At least one weakened portion is integrally connected, and the weakened portion corresponds to the position of the opening.
  • the battery module of this embodiment includes a plurality of battery cells (not shown in the figure), a bus bar support 1 , a circuit sampling board 2 , a bus bar 3 , a connecting piece 4 and an interface 5.
  • the bus bar support 1 is in a substantially rectangular plate shape, and covers the top of the cells, and is arranged adjacent to a plurality of cells, and each cell is arranged adjacent to each other on a side surface in sequence.
  • the side of the cell facing the bus bar support 1 is provided with a positive pole and a negative pole (not shown in the figure), which are respectively arranged at two sides close to the cell.
  • the positive poles and the negative poles of the adjacent cells are connected by the bus bars 3 , and the series connection between the respective cells can be realized through the plurality of the bus bars 3 .
  • the circuit sampling board 2 is connected to the bus bar 3 through the connecting piece 4, and collects the voltage on the bus bar, that is, obtains the voltage of the corresponding cell. The obtained voltage can finally be output to an external controller through the interface 5 .
  • the side of each cell facing the busbar support 1 is also provided with an explosion-proof valve (not shown in the figure), and the busbar support 1 is provided with a plurality of openings 11 corresponding to the explosion-proof valves of each cell.
  • the opening 11 may be set in an ellipse shape or in other shapes, and may be set according to the shape of the explosion-proof valve, which is not limited here.
  • the battery module is arranged with two circuit sampling boards, namely the circuit sampling board 2 and the circuit sampling board 6 .
  • the circuit sampling plate 2 and the circuit sampling plate 6 are respectively arranged between two columns of bus bars.
  • the circuit sampling board usually adopts a flexible printed circuit board (FPC).
  • the flexible printed circuit board can better fit on the surface of the busbar support 1 and can more effectively utilize the internal space of the battery module.
  • the circuit sampling plate 2 in the illustrated embodiment includes a base portion 21 , two connecting portions 22 and a weakening portion 23 .
  • the base portion 21 is connected to the two connection portions 22 , and also has a portion connected to the interface 5 .
  • the two connecting portions 22 extend from the base portion 21 along the cell arrangement direction, and the two connecting portions 22 are integrally connected with the base portion 21 of the circuit sampling board 2 .
  • the base portion 21 and the two connecting portions 22 constitute the main body of the circuit sampling board 2, which is substantially "U" shaped, but it should be understood that the main body may also be in other shapes such as rectangles.
  • the weakened portion 23 is in the shape of a strip, and one end of the weakened portion 23 is integrally connected with the main body and extends along the direction of cell arrangement.
  • the weakened portion 23 corresponds to the position of the opening 11 of the bus bar support 1, and the weakened portion 23 covers at least part of the opening 11.
  • the weakening part 23 is provided with a corresponding circuit. When the weakening part 23 is broken, the corresponding circuit line is also disconnected. The interruption signal is output to the controller through the interface 5, and the controller can output a warning signal to the user.
  • the width of the weakened portion 23 along the direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the cells is 1-3 mm, preferably 2 mm.
  • the weakened portion 23 of the above-mentioned size will be broken in time when the expanding gas rushes out of the opening 11, so as not to cause the occurrence of the weakened portion. 23
  • the size is too large to be broken in time, and the weakened part below the above size is easily torn due to vibration.
  • Such an arrangement can monitor the internal working state of the battery cell through a relatively simple circuit, and the cost is low.
  • the weakened portion 23 has a narrowed section at the portion corresponding to the opening 11 , that is, the width of the weakened portion corresponding to the opening is smaller than the width of other positions. It will be broken in time to reduce the possibility of detection failure.
  • the circuit sampling board 2 has two sampling parts 24 , the weakening parts 23 are respectively connected to the two sampling parts 24 , and the sampling parts 24 are provided with sampling induction parts 25 .
  • the circuit sampling board 2 includes a base part 21 , two connecting parts 22 and a weakening part 23 , wherein the base part 21 and the two connecting parts 22 constitute the main body of the circuit sampling board 2 .
  • the two connecting portions 22 extend from the base portion 21 along the cell arrangement direction, and the two connecting portions 22 are integrally connected with the base portion 21 of the circuit sampling board 2 .
  • the sampling part 24 is connected to the weakening part 23 through the sampling connecting part 26 .
  • the sampling part 24 may or may not be connected to the connection part 22 .
  • the sampling part 24 is also provided with a sampling induction part 25 , which is preferably disposed at the end of the sampling part 24 .
  • the sampling induction part 25 is provided on the surface of the cell, and is used to detect the temperature of the surface of the cell.
  • the sampling induction part 25 can be fixed to the surface of the cell by means of fasteners.
  • the flexible printed circuit board includes an insulating film and a conductor portion in the insulating film, that is, the above-mentioned base, connecting portion, weakened portion, and sampling portion all include the insulating film and the conductor portion in the insulating film.
  • the inner conductor part is also disconnected, that is, the electrical connection is disconnected, the following is similar and will not be repeated.
  • the base portion 61 and the two connecting portions 62 of the circuit sampling board 6 are substantially the same as the base portion 21 and the two connecting portions 22 of the circuit sampling board 2 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the main difference is that the weakened portion 63 of the circuit sampling board 6 is along the The direction intersecting with the arrangement direction of the cells extends, and both ends of each weakened portion 63 are respectively connected to the two connection portions 62 .
  • the width of the weakened portion 63 along the cell arrangement direction is 1-3 mm, preferably 2 mm.
  • the weakened portion 63 has a narrowed section at the portion corresponding to the opening 11 , which is more beneficial to ensure that the inflation gas will be broken in time when it rushes out of the opening 11 , thereby reducing the possibility of detection failure.
  • the weakened portion 63 is not necessarily completely orthogonal to the arrangement direction of the cells, and can also present an angle of, for example, 45 degrees or other angles, but it must be ensured that each weakened portion 63 covers part of the opening 11 , wherein the number of the weakened portion 63 is the same as the opening 11 .
  • the number of batteries or the number of batteries is the same, and an independent circuit can be set in each weakening part 63. When the corresponding circuit signal is interrupted, the corresponding faulty battery can be located, thereby realizing the monitoring of each battery. , which is convenient for users to maintain.
  • the circuit sampling board 2 and the circuit sampling board 6 are installed on the bus bar support 1 as shown in FIG. 3 and are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the bus bar support 1.
  • the circuit sampling board 2 and the circuit sampling board 6 are respectively installed on the respective tabs of the battery cells. between the columns.
  • the installation form of the circuit sampling board is not limited to the coexistence form in FIG. 1 .
  • the battery module uses the gas generated inside the battery cell to open the explosion-proof valve to break the weakening part to send out a warning signal of abnormal battery core.
  • the combination of some pressure, temperature and voltage measurement methods can greatly reduce the probability of false alarms.
  • the body of the circuit sampling board includes two bases and at least one connection.
  • the at least one connecting portion extends along the arrangement direction of the respective battery cells, and the two base portions are respectively located at two ends of the at least one connecting portion.
  • At least one connection part may be one connection part or two connection parts.
  • one connecting portion extends along the cell arrangement direction and connects the two base portions.
  • the circuit sampling board is also provided with two weakened parts, the two weakened parts extend along the cell arrangement direction and are integrally connected with the two base parts respectively, and the two weakened parts are respectively connected to different areas (for example, the first area position and the second area position). ) corresponding to the positions of the openings, but the two weakened parts do not repeatedly correspond to the same opening, and such an arrangement can locate the problematic cell to a relatively specific area.
  • the main body 21 is also provided with a plurality of positioning holes, which are used to cooperate with the bosses on the busbar support 1 to realize the positioning and installation of the circuit sampling board 2.
  • Some positioning holes are slightly larger than the bosses to provide a certain space redundancy and facilitate the assembly.
  • the present invention also provides a battery pack, which includes the above-mentioned battery module, which includes a battery cell, a bus bar, a bus bar support, a connecting piece, a circuit sampling board, an interface and other components.
  • the battery module of the battery pack sets a weakening part on the circuit sampling board, and uses the gas generated inside the battery cell to open the explosion-proof valve to break the weakening part to send out a warning signal of abnormal battery cell, and the warning accuracy rate is high.
  • the embodiment of the present invention also provides a battery thermal runaway detection method, which is applied to a battery module.
  • the battery module includes: a plurality of battery cells, the plurality of battery cells are laterally adjacent to each other in sequence, and one side of each battery cell is configured with a Explosion-proof valve; busbar bracket, the busbar bracket is plate-shaped and is arranged adjacent to the side of the plurality of cells with explosion-proof valves, and the busbar bracket is provided with an opening at the position corresponding to the explosion-proof valve; circuit sampling board, circuit sampling board installation On the surface of the busbar support, the circuit sampling board has a main body and at least one weakened part integrally connected with the main body, and the weakened part corresponds to the position of the opening;
  • the battery thermal runaway detection method includes: detecting the line signal of the weakened part; when the line signal of the weakened part changes, sending a feedback signal to the management system.
  • the battery thermal runaway detection method includes:
  • Step 201 Detect the line signal of the weakened part.
  • the weakened part 23 is connected with the circuit sampling board 2 to form a circuit loop.
  • the circuit When in working state, the circuit is kept in an open state; when the battery cell is thermally out of control, the expanding gas rushes out of the battery cell and blows the weakened part out, and the circuit is routed by The path becomes disconnected.
  • Step 202 When the line signal of the weakening part changes, send a feedback signal to the management system.
  • the feedback signal can be sent to the battery management system BMS, and the BMS determines that the weakening part is disconnected, that is, the battery is in Thermal runaway condition.
  • the battery thermal runaway detection method of the battery module sets a weakening part on the circuit sampling board, and uses the gas generated inside the battery cell to open the explosion-proof valve to break the weakening part to issue a warning signal of abnormal battery cell, and the warning rate is high. .
  • the battery module includes: a plurality of battery cells, the plurality of battery cells are laterally adjacent to each other in sequence, and an explosion-proof valve is arranged on one side of each battery cell;
  • the row bracket is plate-shaped and is arranged adjacent to the side of the plurality of cells with explosion-proof valves, and the busbar bracket is provided with an opening at the position corresponding to the explosion-proof valve;
  • the circuit sampling board is installed on the surface of the busbar bracket, and the circuit
  • the sampling plate has a main body and a plurality of weakened parts; wherein, two ends of each weakened part are integrally connected with the main body respectively and correspond to the positions of the openings; The number of parts and cells is the same;
  • the battery thermal runaway detection method comprises the following steps:
  • Step 301 Connect the plurality of weakened parts in series with resistors with different resistance values, respectively, and detect the total resistance value of the parallel connection of the resistances of the plurality of weakened parts.
  • a resistor with different resistance values can be connected in series in the circuit of each weakened part.
  • the first weakened part and the second weakened part resistors of 1 ⁇ , 2 ⁇ and 3 ⁇ are connected in series in the lines of the first, second and third weakened parts respectively, and the total resistance of the parallel circuit formed by the three weakened parts is 0.545 ⁇ .
  • the total resistance value of the parallel circuit is detected by connecting resistors with different resistance values in series in the lines of the weakened portion, and then connecting each line of the weakened portion in parallel.
  • Step 302 When the total resistance value changes, determine the corresponding broken weakened portion according to the total resistance value.
  • the total resistance value of the above-mentioned parallel circuit will change, and any or any of the weakened parts will have a corresponding total resistance value after disconnection.
  • the obtained total resistance value is obtained, that is, the position of the corresponding fractured weakened part is obtained.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种电池模组、电池包及其电池热失控检测方法，本电池包的电池模组包括多个电芯，多个电芯侧向彼此依次侧向邻接，且每个电芯的一面配置有防爆阀；汇流排支架，汇流排支架呈板状且与多个电芯设有防爆阀的一面邻接设置，汇流排支架在与防爆阀对应的位置设有开口；电路采样板，电路采样板安装于汇流排支架的表面，电路采样板具有主体和与主体一体连接的至少一个弱化部，至少一个弱化部与开口的位置相对应，本电池模组可获取电芯异常的警示信号，且预警准确率高，检测成本低。

Description

电池模组、电池包及其电池热失控检测方法
相关申请交叉引用
本专利申请要求于2020年10月27日提交的、申请号为2020111627271、发明名称为“电池模组、电池包及其电池热失控检测方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，上述申请的全文以引用的方式并入本文中。
技术领域
本发明涉及电池技术领域，特别涉及一种电池模组、电池包及其电池热失控检测方法。
背景技术
锂离子电池热失控导致车辆烧毁的案例时有发生，如何预防电池热失控是众多车企和电池厂商重要的研发方向。电池热失控发生伴随着气体喷出，温度会升高，电压则会下降。电池热失控监测通常利用电池包内的气体压力传感器对气体压力进行检测，同时检测电芯的电压和温度，根据三者的检测结果进行综合判断。但现有的热失控监测方案，由于器件自身的问题，会导致气体压力值、电压或温度三个测量值的一个或多个误报，从而影响了电芯监测的准确率，引起不必要的检查成本，造成了较差的用户体验。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种电池模组、电池包及其电池热失控检测方法，本电池包的电池模组可获取电芯异常的警示信号，且预警准确率高，检测成本低。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明实施例提供了一种电池模组，包括：
多个电芯，所述多个电芯彼此依次侧向邻接，且每个电芯的一面配置有防爆阀；
汇流排支架，所述汇流排支架呈板状且与所述多个电芯设有所述防爆阀的一面邻接设置，所述汇流排支架在与所述防爆阀对应的位置设有开口；
电路采样板，所述电路采样板安装于所述汇流排支架的表面，所述电路采样板具有主体和与所述主体一体连接的至少一个弱化部，所述至少一个弱化部与所述开口的位置相对应。
本发明实施例还提供了一种电池包，该电池包包括上述电池模组。
本发明实施例还提供了一种电池热失控检测方法，应用于电池模组，所述电池模组包括：多个电芯，所述多个电芯彼此依次侧向邻接，且每个电芯的一面配置有防爆阀；汇流排支架，所述汇流排支架呈板状且与所述多个电芯设有所述防爆阀的一面邻接设置，所述汇流排支架在与所述防爆阀对应的位置设有开口；电路采样板，所述电路采样板安装于所述汇流排支架的表面，所述电路采样板具有主体和与所述主体一体连接的至少一个弱化部，所述至少一个弱化部与所述开口的位置相对应；
所述电池热失控检测方法包括：检测所述弱化部的线路信号；当所述弱化部的线路信号变化时，发送反馈信号至管理***。
本发明实施例还提供了一种电池热失控检测方法，应用于电池模组，所述电池模组包括：多个电芯，所述多个电芯彼此依次侧向邻接，且每个电芯的一面配置有防爆阀；汇流排支架，所述汇流排支架呈板状且与所述多个电芯设有所述防爆阀的一面邻接设置，所述汇流排支架在与所述防爆阀对应的位置设有开口；电路采样板，所述电路采样板安装于所述汇流排支架的表面，所述电路采样板具有主体和多个弱化部；其中，每个弱化部的两端分别与所述主体一体连接，且与所述开口的位置相对应，所述弱化部沿与所述电芯排列方向相交的方向延伸，且所述多个弱化部与所述电芯的数量相同；
所述电池热失控检测方法包括：将所述多个弱化部分别串联不同阻值的电阻，检测所述多个弱化部的电阻并联后的总阻值；当所述总阻值发生变化时，根据所述总阻值判断相应的已断裂的所述弱化部。
本电池模组通过在电路采样板上设置弱化部，利用电芯异常时内部产生的气体冲开防爆阀冲断弱化部来发出电芯异常的警示信号，预警准确率高。
在一些实施例中，所述至少一个弱化部为一个弱化部，所述一个弱化部的一端与所述主体一体连接且沿所述电芯排列方向延伸。
在一些实施例中，所述至少一个弱化部包括多个弱化部，每个弱化部的两端分别与所述主体一体连接，且与所述开口的位置相对应，所述弱化部沿与所述电芯排列方向相交的方向延伸，其中所述多个弱化部与所述电芯的数量相同。
在一些实施例中，所述多个弱化部分别串联不同阻值的电阻。
在一些实施例中，所述主体包括基部和从所述基部沿所述电芯排列方向延伸的两个连接部，所述弱化部的两端分别连接至所述两个连接部。
在一些实施例中，所述主体包括两个基部和从所述两个基部沿所述电芯排列方向延伸并连接所述两个基部的至少一个连接部；所述至少一个弱化部为两个弱化部，所述两个弱化部分别与所述两个基部一体连接且沿所述电芯排列方向延伸。
在一些实施例中，所述开口的尺寸不小于所述防爆阀的尺寸。
在一些实施例中，所述电路采样板还设有至少一个采样部，所述弱化部与所述至少一个采样部连接，所述采样部上设有采样感应部。
在一些实施例中，所述弱化部沿所述电芯排列方向垂直的方向的尺寸为1-3mm。
在一些实施例中，所述弱化部沿所述电芯排列方向的尺寸为1-3mm。
在一些实施例中，所述弱化部在对应于所述开口的部分具有缩窄段。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例的电池模组的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例的电池模组的电路采样板的结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例的电池模组的电路采样板的另一变型的结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例的汇流排支架的结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例的电池热失控检测方法的流程示意图；
图6是本发明另一实施例的电池热失控检测方法的流程示意图。
具体实施例
以下将结合附图对本发明的各实施例进行详细说明，以便更清楚理解本发明的目的、特点和优点。应理解的是，附图所示的实施例并不是对本发明范围的限制，而只是为了说明本发明技术方案的实质精神。
在下文的描述中，出于说明各种公开的实施例的目的阐述了某些具体细节以提供对各种公开实施例的透彻理解。但是，相关领域技术人员将认识到可在无这些具体细节中的一个或多个细节的情况来实践实施例。在其它情形下，与本申请相关联的熟知的装置、结构和技术可能并未详细地示出或描述从而避免不必要地混淆实施例的描述。
除非语境有其它需要，在整个说明书和权利要求中，词语“包括”和其变型，诸如“包含”和“具有”应被理解为开放的、包含的含义，即应解释为“包括，但不限于”。
在整个说明书中对“一个实施例”或“一实施例”的提及表示结合实施例所描述的特定特点、结构或特征包括于至少一个实施例中。因此，在整个说明书的各个位置“在一个实施例中”或“在一实施例”中的出现无需全都指相同实施例。另外，特定特点、结构或特征可在一个或多个实施例中以任何方式组合。
如该说明书和所附权利要求中所用的单数形式“一”和“所述”包括复数指代物，除非文中清楚地另外规定。应当指出的是术语“或”通常以其包括“和/或”的含义使用，除非文中清楚地另外规定。
在以下描述中，为了清楚展示本发明的结构及工作方式，将借助诸多方向性词语进行描述，但是应当将“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“外”、“内”、“向外”、“向内”、“上”、“下”、“纵”、“横”等词语理解为方便用语，而不应当理解为限定性词语。
本发明实施例的电池模组，包括：多个电芯，多个电芯彼此依次侧向邻接， 且每个电芯的一面配置有防爆阀；汇流排支架，汇流排支架呈板状且与多个电芯设有防爆阀的一面邻接设置，汇流排支架在与防爆阀对应的位置设有开口；电路采样板，电路采样板安装于汇流排支架的表面，电路采样板具有主体和与主体一体连接的至少一个弱化部，弱化部与开口的位置相对应。
下文参照附图描述本发明的实施例。本实施例中，如图1所示，本实施例的电池模组包括多个电芯(图中未示出)、汇流排支架1、电路采样板2、汇流排3、连接片4和接口5。汇流排支架1呈大致矩形板状，并覆盖在电芯的上方，与多个电芯邻接设置，各个电芯之间依次以侧面相邻设置。电芯朝向汇流排支架1的一面设有正极耳柱和负极耳柱(图中未示出)，且分别设在靠近电芯的两侧处。相邻电芯的正极耳柱和负极耳柱通过汇流排3连接，通过多个汇流排3即可实现各个电芯之间的串联。电路采样板2通过连接片4与汇流排3连接，并以此采集汇流排上的电压，即获取相应电芯的电压。获取的电压最终可通过接口5输出至外部控制器。各个电芯朝向汇流排支架1的一面还设有防爆阀(图中未示出)，汇流排支架1上设有与各个电芯防爆阀相对应的多个开口11，当电芯内部的膨胀气压过大时，膨胀气体可穿透防爆阀并通过开口11泄出，从而释放压力而不至于导致电芯自爆。其中开口11可以设置为椭圆形，也可以为其他形状，具体可以根据防爆阀的形状进行设置，这里不做限定。
在所示实施例中，电池模组布置有两块电路采样板，即电路采样板2和电路采样板6。在所示实施例中，电路采样板2和电路采样板6分别设置在两列汇流排之间。电路采样板通常采用柔性印刷电路板(FPC)，柔性印刷电路板可以更好地贴合在汇流排支架1的表面，可以更有效地利用电池模组内部空间。如图2所示，所示实施例中电路采样板2包括基部21、两个连接部22和弱化部23。具体地说，基部21与两个连接部22连接，还具有与接口5连接的部分。两个连接部22从基部21沿电芯排列方向延伸，且两个连接部22与电路采样板2的基部21一体连接。基部21和两个连接部22构成了电路采样板2的主体，该主体呈大致“U”形，但应理解，主体也可呈例如矩形的其他形状。所示实施例中，弱化部23呈条状，且其一端与主体一体连接且沿电芯排列方向延伸。弱化部23与汇流排支架1的开口11的位置相对应，弱化部23覆盖至少部分开口 11。当电芯内部的膨胀气体的气压过大时，膨胀气体可穿过防爆阀和开口11并将弱化部23冲断。弱化部23内设置有相应的电路，当弱化部23被冲断后，相应的电路线路也被断开，中断信号通过接口5输出至控制器，控制器即可向用户输出警告信号。
弱化部23沿与电芯排列方向垂直的方向的宽度为1-3mm，优选地为2mm，上述尺寸的弱化部23在膨胀气体冲出开口11时会被及时冲断，不至于发生因弱化部23尺寸过大而无法及时冲断的情形，而低于上述尺寸的弱化部又容易因振动而被扯裂。这样的设置可以通过相对简单的电路对电芯内部工作状态进行监测，且成本较低。
在一些实施例中，弱化部23在对应于开口11的部分具有缩窄段，即在开口对应的弱化部的宽度小于其他位置的宽度，这样的设置更有利于保证膨胀气体冲出开口11时会将其及时冲断，减低检测失效的可能性。
在另一实施例中，如图3所示，电路采样板2具有两个采样部24，弱化部23分别与两个采样部24连接，采样部24上设有采样感应部25。具体地说，电路采样板2包括基部21、两个连接部22和弱化部23，其中基部21和两个连接部22构成了电路采样板2的主体。两个连接部22从基部21沿电芯排列方向延伸，且两个连接部22与电路采样板2的基部21一体连接。采样部24通过采样连接部26与弱化部23连接。采样部24可以与连接部22连接，也可以不与连接部22连接。采样部24上还设置有采样感应部25，优选地设置于采样部24的末端。采样感应部25设于电芯的表面，用于检测电芯表面的温度。采样感应部25可以利用紧固件将其固定于电芯的表面。本实施例通过将采样部24连接在弱化部23上，在弱化部断裂时检测到采样部的信号中断，通过收到的反馈信号即可以发出电芯异常的警示信号。由此将采样部线路与弱化部线路集合在一起，省去了部分检测线路，从而简化了线路，降低了成本。
另外需要说明的是，柔性印刷电路板(FPC)包括绝缘薄膜和绝缘薄膜内的导体部分，即上述的基部、连接部、弱化部和采样部等均包括绝缘薄膜和绝缘薄膜内的导体部分，当其断裂时，其内部的导体部分也随之断开，即电连接随之断开，下文类同，不再一一赘述。
电路采样板6的基部61和两个连接部62，与电路采样板2的基部21和两个连接部22大致相同，这里不再赘述，主要的区别在于，电路采样板6的弱化部63沿与电芯排列方向相交的方向延伸，并且每个弱化部63的两端分别连接至两个连接部62。其中，弱化部63沿电芯排列方向的宽度为1-3mm，优选地为2mm。在一些实施例中，弱化部63在对应于开口11的部分具有缩窄段，更有利于保证膨胀气体冲出开口11时会将其及时冲断，减低检测失效的可能性。
另外，弱化部63与电芯排列方向也不一定完全正交，也可以呈现例如45度或其他的角度，但须保证每个弱化部63覆盖部分开口11，其中弱化部63的数量与开口11的数量或电芯的数量相同，可在每个弱化部63中设置独立的线路，当对应的线路信号中断后，即可定位到相应的问题电芯，由此实现对个各电芯的监测，方便用户维修。
电路采样板2和电路采样板6安装于如图3所示的汇流排支架1上且沿汇流排支架1的纵向布置，电路采样板2和电路采样板6分别安装于电芯的各个极耳柱之间。电路采样板的安装形式并不局限于图1中并存形式。例如也可以在汇流排支架上只安装电路采样板2的形式，或者只安装电路采样板6的形式，这里不做限制。
本电池模组通过在电路采样板上设置弱化部，利用电芯异常时内部产生的气体冲开防爆阀冲断弱化部来发出电芯异常的警示信号，预警准确率高，同时也可以与现有的气压、温度和电压测量手段相结合，可以大大减少误报的概率。
在一些实施例中，电路采样板的主体包括两个基部和至少一个连接部。具体地说，至少一个连接部沿各个电芯的排列方向延伸，两个基部分别位于至少一个连接部的两端。至少一个连接部可以为一个连接部，也可以为两个连接部。举例来说，一个连接部沿电芯排列方向延伸并连接两个基部。电路采样板还设有两个弱化部，两个弱化部沿电芯排列方向延伸并分别与两个基部一体连接，且两个弱化部分别与不同区域(例如第一区域位置和第二区域位置)的开口的位置相对应，但两个弱化部不重复对应同一个开口，这样的设置可以将问题电芯定位到相对具体区域位置。
另外，主体21还设有多个定位孔，用于和汇流排支架1上的凸台配合实现 电路采样板2的定位安装，部分定位孔稍大于凸台，以提供一定的空间冗余，方便装配。
本发明还提供了一种电池包，该电池包包括上述电池模组，其包括电芯、汇流排、汇流排支架、连接片、电路采样板、接口等零部件。本电池包的电池模组通过在电路采样板上设置弱化部，利用电芯异常时内部产生的气体冲开防爆阀冲断弱化部来发出电芯异常的警示信号，预警准确率高。
本发明实施例还提供了一种电池热失控检测方法，应用于电池模组，电池模组包括：多个电芯，多个电芯彼此依次侧向邻接，且每个电芯的一面配置有防爆阀；汇流排支架，汇流排支架呈板状且与多个电芯设有防爆阀的一面邻接设置，汇流排支架在与防爆阀对应的位置设有开口；电路采样板，电路采样板安装于汇流排支架的表面，电路采样板具有主体和与主体一体连接的至少一个弱化部，弱化部与开口的位置相对应；
电池热失控检测方法包括：检测弱化部的线路信号；当弱化部的线路信号变化时，发送反馈信号至管理***。
如图5所示，电池热失控检测方法包括：
步骤201：检测弱化部的线路信号。
具体地说，弱化部23与电路采样板2相连形成一个线路回路，工作状态时，线路保持通路状态；当电池电芯热失控时，膨胀气体冲出电芯并将弱化部烧断，线路由通路变为断开。
步骤202：当弱化部的线路信号变化时，发送反馈信号至管理***。
具体地说，当判断弱化部的线路信号断开时，即***没有接收到线路信号时，即可将反馈信号发送至电池管理***BMS，BMS判断弱化部为断开状态，即电池此时处于热失控状态。
本电池模组的电池热失控检测方法通过在电路采样板上设置弱化部，利用电芯异常时内部产生的气体冲开防爆阀冲断弱化部来发出电芯异常的警示信号，预警准确率高。
需要说明的是，上文实施例中提到的相关技术细节在本实施方式中依然有效，为了减少重复，这里不再赘述。相应地，本实施方式中提到的相关技术细节也可应 用在上文实施例中。
在电池热失控检测方法的另一实施例中，池模组包括：多个电芯，多个电芯彼此依次侧向邻接，且每个电芯的一面配置有防爆阀；汇流排支架，汇流排支架呈板状且与多个电芯设有防爆阀的一面邻接设置，汇流排支架在与防爆阀对应的位置设有开口；电路采样板，电路采样板安装于汇流排支架的表面，电路采样板具有主体和多个弱化部；其中，每个弱化部的两端分别与主体一体连接，且与开口的位置相对应，弱化部沿与电芯排列方向相交的方向延伸，且多个弱化部与电芯的数量相同；
在该实施例中，如图6所示，电池热失控检测方法包括以下步骤:
步骤301：将多个弱化部分别串联不同阻值的电阻，检测多个弱化部的电阻并联后的总阻值。
具体地说，本实施例可以在每个弱化部的线路中串联一个不同阻值的电阻，举例来说，若电路采样板上一共设有3个弱化部，即第一弱化部、第二弱化部和第三弱化部，在第一弱化部、第二弱化部和第三弱化部的线路中分别串联1Ω、2Ω和3Ω的电阻，由此三个弱化部形成的并联电路的总阻值为0.545Ω。当第一弱化部断裂后，电路总阻值变为1.2Ω；当第二弱化部断裂后，电路总阻值变为0.75Ω；当第三弱化部断裂后，电路总阻值变为0.666Ω；当第一弱化部和第二弱化部一起断裂后，电路总阻值变为3Ω，等等。以此类推，通过在弱化部线路中串联不同阻值的电阻，再将各个弱化部线路进行并联，对并联电路的总电阻值进行检测。
步骤302：当总阻值发生变化时，根据总阻值判断相应的已断裂的弱化部。
具体地说，当其中一个或多个弱化部断开后，上述并联电路的总阻值将发生改变，其中任一或任意多个弱化部断开后会有相对应的总阻值，根据检测到的总阻值，即获取对应的已断裂的弱化部的位置，此方法预警准确率高，同时简化了控制线路，降低了成本。
需要说明的是，上文实施例中提到的相关技术细节在本实施方式中依然有效，为了减少重复，这里不再赘述。相应地，本实施方式中提到的相关技术细节也可应用在上文实施例中。
以上已详细描述了本发明的较佳实施例，但应理解到，若需要，能修改实 施例的方面来采用各种专利、申请和出版物的方面、特征和构思来提供另外的实施例。
考虑到上文的详细描述，能对实施例做出这些和其它变化。一般而言，在权利要求中，所用的术语不应被认为限制在说明书和权利要求中公开的具体实施例，而是应被理解为包括所有可能的实施例连同这些权利要求所享有的全部等同范围。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种电池模组，其特征在于，包括：
    多个电芯，所述多个电芯彼此依次侧向邻接，且每个电芯的一面配置有防爆阀；
    汇流排支架，所述汇流排支架呈板状且与所述多个电芯设有所述防爆阀的一面邻接设置，所述汇流排支架在与所述防爆阀对应的位置设有开口；
    电路采样板，所述电路采样板安装于所述汇流排支架的表面，所述电路采样板具有主体和与所述主体一体连接的至少一个弱化部，所述至少一个弱化部与所述开口的位置相对应。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述至少一个弱化部为一个弱化部，所述一个弱化部的一端与所述主体一体连接且沿所述电芯排列方向延伸。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述至少一个弱化部为多个弱化部，每个弱化部的两端分别与所述主体一体连接，且与所述开口的位置相对应，所述多个弱化部沿与所述电芯排列方向相交的方向延伸，其中所述多个弱化部与所述电芯的数量相同。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述多个弱化部分别串联不同阻值的电阻。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述主体包括基部和从所述基部沿所述电芯排列方向延伸的两个连接部，所述弱化部的两端分别连接至所述两个连接部。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述主体包括两个基部和从所述两个基部沿所述电芯排列方向延伸并连接所述两个基部的至少一个连接部；
    所述至少一个弱化部为两个弱化部，所述两个弱化部分别与所述两个基部一体连接且沿所述电芯排列方向延伸。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述开口的尺寸不小于所述防爆阀的尺寸。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述电路采样板还设有至少一个采样部，所述弱化部与所述至少一个采样部连接，所述采样部上设有采样感应部。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述弱化部沿所述电芯排列方向垂直方向的尺寸为1-3mm。
  10. 根据权利要求3所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述弱化部沿所述电芯排列方向的尺寸为1-3mm。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述弱化部在对应于所述开口的部分具有缩窄段。
  12. 一种电池包，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的电池模组。
  13. 一种电池热失控检测方法，其特征在于，应用于电池模组，所述电池模组包括：
    多个电芯，所述多个电芯彼此依次侧向邻接，且每个电芯的一面配置有防爆阀；
    汇流排支架，所述汇流排支架呈板状且与所述多个电芯设有所述防爆阀的一面邻接设置，所述汇流排支架在与所述防爆阀对应的位置设有开口；
    电路采样板，所述电路采样板安装于所述汇流排支架的表面，所述电路采样板具有主体和与所述主体一体连接的至少一个弱化部，所述至少一个弱化部与所述开口的位置相对应；
    所述电池热失控检测方法包括：检测所述弱化部的线路信号；当所述弱化部的线路信号变化时，发送反馈信号至管理***。
  14. 一种电池热失控检测方法，其特征在于，应用于电池模组，所述电池模组包括：
    多个电芯，所述多个电芯彼此依次侧向邻接，且每个电芯的一面配置有防爆阀；
    汇流排支架，所述汇流排支架呈板状且与所述多个电芯设有所述防爆阀的一面邻接设置，所述汇流排支架在与所述防爆阀对应的位置设有开口；
    电路采样板，所述电路采样板安装于所述汇流排支架的表面，所述电路采样板具有主体和多个弱化部；
    其中，每个弱化部的两端分别与所述主体一体连接，且与所述开口的位置相对应，所述弱化部沿与所述电芯排列方向相交的方向延伸，且所述多个弱化部与所述电芯的数量相同；
    所述电池热失控检测方法包括：将所述多个弱化部分别串联不同阻值的电阻，检测所述多个弱化部的电阻并联后的总阻值；
    当所述总阻值发生变化时，根据所述总阻值判断相应的已断裂的所述弱化部。
PCT/CN2020/130808 2020-10-27 2020-11-23 电池模组、电池包及其电池热失控检测方法 WO2022088320A1 (zh)

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