WO2022082850A1 - 环保型防污剂、防污涂料、多层防护膜结构及其应用 - Google Patents

环保型防污剂、防污涂料、多层防护膜结构及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2022082850A1
WO2022082850A1 PCT/CN2020/125776 CN2020125776W WO2022082850A1 WO 2022082850 A1 WO2022082850 A1 WO 2022082850A1 CN 2020125776 W CN2020125776 W CN 2020125776W WO 2022082850 A1 WO2022082850 A1 WO 2022082850A1
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formula
antifouling
friendly
environment
coating
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PCT/CN2020/125776
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English (en)
French (fr)
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***
卢光明
刘栓
蒲吉斌
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中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所
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Priority to US17/595,836 priority Critical patent/US11773274B2/en
Publication of WO2022082850A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022082850A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/16Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
    • C09D5/1606Antifouling paints; Underwater paints characterised by the anti-fouling agent
    • C09D5/1612Non-macromolecular compounds
    • C09D5/1625Non-macromolecular compounds organic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D133/00Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D133/04Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/08Anti-corrosive paints
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/16Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
    • C09D5/1693Antifouling paints; Underwater paints as part of a multilayer system
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/0091Complexes with metal-heteroatom-bonds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/16Nitrogen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/32Compounds containing nitrogen bound to oxygen
    • C08K5/33Oximes

Definitions

  • the present application relates to an antifouling agent, in particular to an antifouling agent based on a furan oxime compound and/or a furan oxime metal complex and use thereof, belonging to the technical field of antifouling.
  • Chemical synthesis realizes large-scale production or chemical synthesis is expensive, which is not economical compared to heavy metal-based antifouling agents; the third is the cycle of developing a new marine natural active product as an antifouling agent based on the performance of the laboratory long and expensive.
  • the main purpose of this application is to provide an environment-friendly antifouling agent and its application to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
  • an environment-friendly antifouling agent which comprises a combination of any one or more of a compound represented by formula I-formula VI and an isomer of a compound represented by formula I-formula VI;
  • the values of x and y are 0 to 5, and M includes Cu, Zn or Ag.
  • the examples of the present application also provide the use of the compound represented by the formula I-formula VI or the isomer of the compound represented by the formula I-formula VI in the preparation of an antifouling agent or an antifouling coating.
  • the embodiments of the present application further provide an environment-friendly antifouling paint, which includes a resin body, an antifouling agent, and an auxiliary agent that can be used or not used, and the antifouling agent includes the environment-friendly antifouling agent.
  • the resin body includes a self-polishing type resin or an abrasive type resin.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide an antifouling coating formed from the environment-friendly antifouling coating.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a multi-layer protective film structure, including at least one anti-corrosion coating and at least one anti-fouling coating layered and arranged, wherein the at least one anti-fouling coating is formed by the environment-friendly anti-fouling coating.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a device, which includes a substrate and an antifouling coating covering the substrate, wherein the antifouling coating includes an antifouling coating formed by the environment-friendly antifouling paint.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a device, which includes:
  • the environmentally friendly antifouling agent provided in the embodiment of the present application has good antifouling performance, low toxicity and high efficiency, and is environmentally friendly.
  • the excellent barrier properties of the furan ring structure itself for small molecules such as oxygen and water vapor can improve the barrier effect of the coating on typical corrosion factors, and the use of the anti-corrosion coating system can improve the corrosion resistance of the coating system.
  • this type of antifouling agent is easy to synthesize, and also has good compatibility with self-polishing resin, abrasive resin, etc. It is suitable for the preparation of antifouling coatings, and is very suitable for ships, marine aquaculture facilities, and offshore platform facilities. For efficient control of fouling organisms.
  • Figures 1 to 18 show typical samples in Examples 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 25, 26, and 27, respectively siding photos;
  • Fig. 19-Fig. 24 show the siding photos of the typical samples in Comparative Examples 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8, respectively;
  • Figure 25 shows a schematic structural diagram of a multi-layer protective film in an application example of the present application
  • An environment-friendly antifouling agent provided in an aspect of the embodiments of the present application includes any one or more combinations of the compound represented by formula I-formula VI and the isomers of the compound represented by formula I-formula VI;
  • x and y are 0 to 5, and M includes but is not limited to Cu, Zn or Ag.
  • the environmentally friendly antifouling agent consists essentially of the following substances: (a), a furan oxime of formula I, II or III; (b), a furan of formula IV, V or VI Oxime metal complex; or, (c), a mixture of (a) and (b) in any ratio or set ratio.
  • x y.
  • x and y are 0 or 1.
  • M is Cu.
  • the environment-friendly antifouling agent may be composed of the furan oximes represented by formula I, II or III alone.
  • the environment-friendly antifouling agent comprises a compound represented by formula III.
  • the proportion of the compound represented by formula III in the environment-friendly antifouling agent is more than 50wt%.
  • the environment-friendly antifouling agent may be composed of the furoxime metal complex represented by formula IV, V or VI alone.
  • the dashed line between the metal M and the oxygen atom indicates the possibility of complexation between the metal and the oxygen atom.
  • the furan oxime metal complexes represented by formulas V and VI can be complexed with metal elements in the form of E-isomer or Z-isomer, or two configurations It exists in the form of a mixture of metal complexes.
  • the environment-friendly antifouling agent comprises E-isomers of either one or both of the compound represented by formula V and the compound represented by formula VI.
  • the proportion of E-isomers of any one or both of the compound represented by formula V and the compound represented by formula VI in the environment-friendly antifouling agent is more than 50%.
  • the environment-friendly antifouling agent includes E-isomer and Z-isomer of any one or both of the compounds shown in Formula V and Formula VI, and the ratio of E-isomer is E. -50 wt% or more of the total amount of isomers and Z-isomers.
  • the environment-friendly antifouling agent provided in the above examples of the present application has the characteristics of low ecotoxicity and high efficiency in preventing fouling organisms.
  • its The EC 50 is not lower than 8 times that of typical heavy metals such as Cu and Hg, and not lower than 15 times that of typical organic compounds such as benzopyrene.
  • Another aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides the use of the compound represented by the formula I-formula VI or the isomer of the compound represented by the formula I-formula VI in the preparation of an antifouling agent or an antifouling coating.
  • Another aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides the use of the environment-friendly antifouling agent in preparing an antifouling paint.
  • an environment-friendly antifouling paint comprising a resin body, an antifouling agent, and optional auxiliary agents that may or may not be used, and the antifouling agent includes the environment-friendly antifouling agent .
  • the resin body includes, but is not limited to, self-polishing type resin or abrasive type resin, and the like.
  • the self-polishing type resin includes, but is not limited to, acrylic resin or methyl methacrylate resin, and the like.
  • the abrasive type resin includes, but is not limited to, acrylic resin, chlorinated rubber, chlorinated olefin resin, or styrene/butadiene copolymer resin, and the like.
  • the adjuvants include, but are not limited to, any one or more of extenders, solvents, spontaneous accelerators, carriers, emulsifiers, dispersants, antifreeze agents, biocides, and thickeners combination of species.
  • these additives are added mainly for the purpose of regulating the performance of the coating, and do not have any biological effects themselves.
  • the content of the antifouling agent in the antifouling coating is below 20 wt%.
  • the content of the antifouling agent in the antifouling paint is 10wt% to 20wt%.
  • the area of fouling biological growth is not higher than the coating area. 15%.
  • the antifouling paint provided in the examples of the present application can be brushed on the surface of the anti-corrosion coating during actual use, and the two can be used together.
  • Another aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a device comprising a substrate and an antifouling coating covering the substrate, the antifouling coating comprising an antifouling coating formed by the environment-friendly antifouling coating .
  • the examples of the present application do not specifically limit the substrates used, mainly substrates that have certain requirements for antifouling performance in water, including but not limited to steel, aluminum, wood, natural or synthetic fibers, high Molecular polymers, etc.
  • the substrate can be a substrate in contact with seawater, including but not limited to ship shells, aquaculture facilities (ropes, fishing gear such as fishing nets, floats or buoys, etc.), bay roads, undersea tunnels, and the like.
  • the synthesis process can refer to literature, such as: "Efficient autocatalytic oximation of bio-based 2,5-diformylfuran with Aqueous hydroxylamine under mild conditions”, Green Chemistry, 2020, Issue 13.
  • the NMR characterization information of its product is as follows: 1 H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6, ⁇ (ppm)): 11.40 (2H, s, 2oxime-OH); 8.01 (2H, s, 2 iminic proton); 6.77 (2H, s) , 2 furan proton); 13 C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d6, ⁇ (ppm)): 149.10, 139.18, 113.68.
  • the corresponding furan aldehydes eg 2,5-furandiacetaldehyde, 2,5-furandipropanal, 2,5-furandibutanal, 2,5-furandivaleraldehyde, 2,5-furandihexane Aldehyde, etc., which can be purchased from Ningbo Bios Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
  • hydroxylamine hydrochloride eg 2,5-furandiacetaldehyde, 2,5-furandipropanal, 2,5-furandibutanal, 2,5-furandivaleraldehyde, 2,5-furandihexane Aldehyde, etc.
  • a solvent such as deionized water, etc.
  • the molar ratio of anhydrous sodium acetate and hydroxylamine hydrochloride is 1: 1 to 2, and the oximation reaction is carried out at room temperature for about 2 hours, and a large amount of white precipitates are precipitated. Filter and dry to obtain the target product.
  • the NMR characterization information of one of the target products is as follows: 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 , ppm): 11.01 (-OH, 2H), 6.53 (CHN, 2H), 5.99 (CH- , furan ring, 2H), 3.24 (-CH 2 , 4H); 13 C-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 , ppm): 107.4, 153.9, 150.9, 24.9.
  • the NMR characterization information of one of the target products is as follows: 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 , ppm): 11.01 (-OH, 2H), 6.53 (CHN, 2H), 5.99 (CH- , furan ring, 2H), 2.38 (-CH 2 , 4H), 2.11 (-CH 2 , 4H), 1.64 (-CH 2 , 4H); 13 C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl 3 , ppm): 106.0, 151.3 , 152.5, 21.4, 23.8, 38.7.
  • the NMR characterization information of one of the target products is as follows: 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 , ppm): 11.01 (-OH, 2H), 6.53 (CHN, 2H), 5.99 (CH- , furan ring, 2H), 2.38( -CH2 , 4H), 2.11( -CH2 , 4H), 1.59( -CH2 , 4H), 1.47( -CH2 , 4H), 1.29( -CH2 , 4H) ); 13 C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl 3 , ppm): 105.6, 150.3, 152.5, 24.2, 24.6, 28.7, 27.3, 34.1.
  • furan aldehydes eg 2,5-furandiacetaldehyde, 2,5-furandipropanal, 2,5-furandibutanal, 2,5-furandivaleraldehyde, 2,5-furandihexane Aldehyde, etc.
  • hydroxylamine hydrochloride eg 2,5-furandiacetaldehyde, 2,5-furandipropanal, 2,5-furandibutanal, 2,5-furandivaleraldehyde, 2,5-furandihexane Aldehyde, etc.
  • hydroxylamine hydrochloride eg 2,5-furandiacetaldehyde, 2,5-furandipropanal, 2,5-furandibutanal, 2,5-furandivaleraldehyde, 2,5-furandihexane Aldehyde, etc.
  • hydroxylamine hydrochloride eg 2,5-furandiacetaldehyde,
  • the NMR characterization information of one of the target products is as follows: 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 , ppm): 11.01 (-OH, 2H), 6.53 (CHN, 2H), 5.99 (CH- , furan ring, 2H), 3.24 (-CH 2 , 4H); 13 C-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 , ppm): 107.4, 153.9, 150.9, 24.9.
  • the NMR characterization information of one of the target products is as follows: 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 , ppm): 11.01 (-OH, 2H), 6.53 (CHN, 2H), 5.99 (CH- , furan ring, 2H), 2.38 (-CH 2 , 4H), 2.11 (-CH 2 , 4H), 1.64 (-CH 2 , 4H); 13 C-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 , ppm): 106.0, 151.3 , 152.5, 21.4, 23.8, 38.7.
  • the NMR characterization information of one of the target products is as follows: 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 , ppm): 11.01 (-OH, 2H), 6.53 (CHN, 2H), 5.99 (CH- , furan ring, 2H), 2.38( -CH2 , 4H), 2.11( -CH2 , 4H), 1.59( -CH2 , 4H), 1.47( -CH2 , 4H), 1.29( -CH2 , 4H) ); 13 C-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 , ppm): 105.6, 150.3, 152.5, 24.2, 24.6, 28.7, 27.3, 34.1.
  • the synthesis process can include the following steps:
  • furan aldehydes eg 2,5-furandiacetaldehyde, 2,5-furandipropanal, 2,5-furandibutanal, 2,5-furandivaleraldehyde, 2,5-furandihexane Aldehyde, etc.
  • hydroxylamine hydrochloride is mixed evenly in a solvent (such as deionized water, etc.), the molar ratio of furanaldehyde and hydroxylamine hydrochloride is 1: 2.5 to 3.5, anhydrous sodium acetate is added as an alkali auxiliary agent, anhydrous sodium acetate and hydroxylamine hydrochloride The molar ratio is 1:1 to 2, and the oximation reaction takes about 2 hours, and a large amount of white precipitate is precipitated, which is filtered and dried to obtain the target product.
  • a solvent such as deionized water, etc.
  • the NMR characterization information of one of the target products is as follows: 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 , ppm): 11.01 (-OH, 2H), 6.53 (CHN, 2H), 5.99 (CH- , furan ring, 2H), 3.24 (-CH 2 , 4H); 13 C-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 , ppm): 105.9, 153.9, 107.4, 30.9.
  • the NMR characterization information of one of the target products is as follows: 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 , ppm): 11.01 (-OH, 2H), 6.53 (CHN, 2H), 5.99 (CH- , furan ring, 2H), 2.38 (-CH 2 , 4H), 2.11 (-CH 2 , 4H), 1.64 (-CH 2 , 4H); 13 C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl 3 , ppm): 152.5, 106.0 , 151.3, 27.4, 23.8, 38.7.
  • the NMR characterization information of one of the target products is as follows: 1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 , ppm): 11.01 (-OH, 2H), 6.53 (CHN, 2H), 5.99 (CH- , furan ring, 2H), 2.38( -CH2 , 4H), 2.11( -CH2 , 4H), 1.59( -CH2 , 4H), 1.47( -CH2 , 4H), 1.29( -CH2 , 4H) ); 13 C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl 3 , ppm): 152.5, 105.6, 150.3, 30.2, 24.6, 28.7, 27.3, 34.1.
  • the target product whose M is Cu, its elemental analysis (mass percentage) data are: C 47.39%, N 14.31%, O 28.10%, Cu 10.19%.
  • transition metal salts such as copper chloride solution, copper sulfate solution or zinc chloride solution
  • the coordination reaction is performed for about 5 hours, filtered and dried to obtain the target product.
  • the molar ratio of the salt is 1-2:1, the coordination reaction is carried out for 5h, filtered and dried to obtain the target product.
  • the target product whose M is Cu its elemental analysis (mass percentage) data are: C 34.92, N 12.03, O 24.31, Cu 27.60.
  • a furan oxime containing formula I or formula II or III
  • a solution containing metal salts such as copper chloride solution, zinc chloride solution or silver nitrate solution
  • the synthesis process may include the following steps:
  • a metal salt such as chlorine copper chloride solution, zinc chloride solution, silver chloride solution or silver nitrate solution
  • the antifouling paints involved can be prepared using the same preparation apparatus and method as well-known common antifouling paints. For example, after pre-selecting the resin type, the selected resin, the designed eco-friendly antifouling agent, and other auxiliaries used as needed are added to the solvent at one time or in sequence, and then stirred and mixed to manufacture.
  • the antifouling coatings after fully mixing the components and grinding can be applied by coating methods or coating tools including but not limited to air spraying, airless spraying, brush, roller, etc.
  • the substrate can be an antifouling object or a coated object
  • immerse the substrate in the antifouling coating and then use, for example, natural drying (ie, drying at approximately room temperature) or heating
  • the antifouling coating applied or impregnated on the substrate is dried and cured by a drying device or method such as a vacuum cleaner, thereby forming an antifouling coating on the substrate.
  • compositions of the antifouling coatings in Examples 1-9 and the coupon properties of the coatings formed therefrom are shown in Table 2.
  • compositions of the antifouling coatings in Examples 10-18 and the coupon properties of the coatings formed therefrom are shown in Table 3.
  • compositions of the antifouling coatings in Examples 19-27 and the coupon properties of the coatings formed therefrom are shown in Table 4.
  • a is the mixture of any one or more of the compounds of formula I, II and III
  • b is the mixture of any one or more of the compounds of formula IV, V and VI, and the same antifouling
  • the values of x and y in each compound in the drug composition are the same; and, the data shown in column D are the average values after testing multiple samples.
  • Example 1 Example 2, Example 3, Example 6, Example 7, Example 8, Example 10, Example 11, Example 12, Example 16, Example 17, Example 18, Example 19.
  • the photos of the hanging plates of each typical sample in Example 20, Example 21, Example 25, Example 26, and Example 27 are shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6, and Figure 1, respectively. 7. Figure 8, Figure 9, Figure 10, Figure 11, Figure 12, Figure 13, Figure 14, Figure 15, Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18.
  • FIG. 19 Figure 20, Figure 21, Figure 22, Figure 23, Figure 24, respectively, the pictures of the siding of each typical sample in Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, Comparative Example 4, Comparative Example 6, and Comparative Example 8 shown.
  • antifouling coatings provided in the embodiments of the present application may also be used in conjunction with known anticorrosion coatings and the like.
  • a multi-layer protective film structure can be provided, as shown in FIG. 25, the multi-layer protective film structure covers the surface of the carbon steel substrate 1, including sequentially laminated anti-corrosion coatings 2 ( Graphene epoxy composite anti-corrosion coating), anti-fouling coating 3.
  • the preparation method of the multi-layer protective film structure includes:
  • An anti-fouling coating with a thickness of 20-50 microns is formed on the graphene epoxy composite anti-corrosion coating using any of the anti-fouling coatings mentioned in the foregoing embodiments 1-27.
  • the anti-fouling and anti-corrosion performance of the multi-layer protective film structure was tested, and the results showed that the anti-fouling performance of the multi-layer protective film structure was more than 5% higher than that of the anti-fouling coating alone, and its anti-corrosion performance was better than that of the anti-corrosion coating alone. Increase by more than 15% when coating.

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Abstract

一种环保型防污剂、防污涂料、多层防护膜结构及其应用。所述环保型防污剂包括呋喃肟和/或呋喃肟金属络合物等,其不仅具有良好的防污性能,低毒高效,环境友好,对于非目标生物的生态毒性在铜、镉等金属和苯并恶等有机物的15%以下,而且呋喃环结构本身对于氧气、水蒸气等小分子优异的阻隔性能还能够显著提高涂层对典型腐蚀因子的阻隔效果,与防腐涂层体系配套使用能够大幅改善涂层体系的耐腐蚀性能。同时,该类防污剂易于合成,还与自抛光树脂、磨蚀型树脂等均有良好的兼容性,适用于制备防污涂料,并非常适合应用于船舶、海水养殖设施以及海洋平台设施等,能够高效的防除污损生物。

Description

环保型防污剂、防污涂料、多层防护膜结构及其应用
本申请基于并要求于2020年10月23日递交的申请号为202011142150.8、发明名称为“环保型防污剂、防污涂料、多层防护膜结构及其应用”的中国专利申请的优先权,其内容通过引用以其全部并入本文。
技术领域
本申请涉及一种防污剂,具体涉及一种基于呋喃肟化合物和/或呋喃肟金属络合物的防污剂及其用途,属于防污技术领域。
背景技术
海洋污损作为全球范围内广泛存在的一种现象,给全球航运、水产养殖、海洋平台设施造成了巨大的经济损失。仅在水产养殖业中,每年用于控制污损的费用占了整个养殖业产出的5-10%。涂覆防污涂料是最简单且最经济有效的防污手段,而防污剂质量是决定防污涂料效果的关键因素。有机锡是一种防污效果和性价比均很优异的防污剂,但由于其对非目标生物的毒性过大,且能够通过食物链富集,对人类健康造成极大风险而被禁用。目前广泛使用的氧化亚铜以及部分含金属锌的防污剂,虽然具有对非目标生物较低的毒性,但因其依然存在极高的生态风险隐患。因此环境友好、高效的防污剂是当前重要的发展方向。选用具有高效防污活性的天然产物、类天然产物作为环保型高效防污剂是当前开发环境友好、高效防污剂的主流途径。但这一方法也存在严重不足,一是海洋天然活性产物在生物体中含量极低,通过提取的方法很难获得足以支持产业应用的数量;二是海洋天然活性产物往往结构复杂,不易于通过化学合成实现规模化生产或者化学合成成本昂贵,相较于重金属基的防污剂而言不具经济性;三是依托于实验室的性能来新开发一种海洋天然活性产物作为防污剂的周期长,且花费不菲。
发明内容
本申请的主要目的在于提供一种环保型防污剂及其应用,以克服现有技术中的不足。
为实现前述发明目的,本申请采用的技术方案包括:
本申请实施例提供了一种环保型防污剂,其包括式I-式VI所示化合物及式I-式VI所示化合物的异构体中的任意一种或多种的组合;
Figure PCTCN2020125776-appb-000001
其中,x、y的取值为0~5,M包括Cu、Zn或者Ag。
本申请实施例还提供了式I-式VI所示化合物或式I-式VI所示化合物的异构体在制备防污剂或防污涂料中的用途。
本申请实施例还提供了一种环保型防污涂料,包括树脂主体、防污剂以及可以选择使用或不使用的助剂,所述防污剂包括所述的环保型防污剂。
在一些实施方式中,所述树脂主体包括自抛光类型树脂或磨蚀类型树脂。
本申请实施例还提供了由所述环保型防污涂料形成的防污涂层。
本申请实施例还提供了一种多层防护膜结构,包括层叠设置的至少一防腐涂层和至少一防污涂层,其中至少一防污涂层由所述环保型防污涂料形成。
本申请实施例还提供了一种装置,包括基材和覆盖在基材上的防污涂层,所述防污涂层包括由所述环保型防污涂料形成的防污涂层。
本申请实施例还提供了一种装置,其包括:
基材;
覆盖在基材上的所述多层防护膜结构。
较之现有技术,本申请实施例提供的环保型防污剂具有良好的防污性能,低毒高效,环境友好,对于非目标生物的生态毒性在铜、隔等金属和苯并恶等有机物的15%以下,而且呋喃环结构本身对于氧气、水蒸气等小分子优异的阻隔性能能够提高涂层对典型腐蚀因子的阻隔效果,与防腐涂层体系配套使用能够改善涂层体系的耐腐蚀性能。同时,该类防污剂易于合成,还与自抛光树脂、磨蚀型树脂等均有良好的兼容性,适用于制备防污涂料,并非常适合应用于船舶、海水养殖设施以及海洋平台设施等,用于高效的防除污损生物。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施方式的技术方案,下面将对实施方式中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,应当理解,以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例,因此不应被看作是对范围的限定,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1-图18分别示出了实施例1、2、3、6、7、8、10、11、12、16、17、18、19、20、21、25、26、27中各典型样品的挂板照片;
图19-图24分别示出了对比例1、2、3、4、6、8中各典型样品的挂板照片;
图25示出了本申请一应用例中的一种多层防护膜结构示意图;
附图标记说明:1-碳钢基体,2-防腐涂层,3-防污涂层。
具体实施方式
应该指出,以下详细说明都是示例性的,旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明,本说明书使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是,这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式,而非意图限制根据本申请的 示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的,除非上下文另外明确指出,否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式,此外,还应当理解的是,当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时,其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
本申请实施例的一个方面提供的一种环保型防污剂包括式I-式VI所示化合物及式I-式VI所示化合物的异构体中的任意一种或多种的组合;
Figure PCTCN2020125776-appb-000002
其中,x、y的取值为0~5,M包括但不限于Cu、Zn或者Ag。
在一些实施方式中,所述环保型防污剂基本上由以下物质组成:(a),式I、II或III所示的呋喃肟;(b),式IV、V或VI所示的呋喃肟金属络合物;或者,(c),(a)与(b)按照任意比例或者设定比例的混合物。
在一些实施方式中,x=y。
在一些实施方式中,x、y的取值为0或1。
在一些实施方式中,M为Cu。
在一些实施方式中,所述环保型防污剂可以由式I、II或III所示的呋喃肟单独组成。
在一些实施方式中,所述环保型防污剂包含式III所示化合物。
进一步的,所述环保型防污剂之中式III所示化合物的占比在50wt%以上。
在一些实施方式中,所述环保型防污剂可以由式IV、V或VI所示的呋喃肟金属络合物单独组成。
进一步的,在式V、VI所示化合物的结构中,C=N双键中氮原子一边的波浪线表示可能存在该化合物的E-异构体或Z-异构体,即呋喃环可以在两个不同的方向存在(其中,若-OH和呋喃环在C=N键两侧,是E构型,同侧则是Z构型)。在式IV、V和VI所示化合物的结构中,金属M和氧原子之间的虚线表示金属和氧原子络合的可能性。
根据本申请的实施例,式V、VI所示的呋喃肟金属络合物可以是以其E-异构体或Z-异构体的形式与金属元素络合,又或者是两种构型以金属络合物混合物的形式存在。
在一些实施方式中,所述环保型防污剂包含式V所示化合物、式VI所示化合物中任意一种或两种的E-异构体。
进一步的,所述环保型防污剂之中式V所示化合物、式VI所示化合物中任意一种或两种的E-异构体的占比在50%以上。
进一步的,所述环保型防污剂包括式V、式VI所示化合物中任意一种或两种的E-异构体及Z-异构体,且E-异构体的占比为E-异构体与Z-异构体总量的50wt%以上。
本申请以上实施例所提供的所述环保型防污剂具有较低的生态毒性和高效防除污损生物的特点,在以费氏弧菌(Vibrio fischeri)为模式生物的生态毒性评估中,其EC 50不低于Cu、Hg等典型重金属的8倍,以及不低于苯并芘等典型有机物的15倍。
本申请实施例的另一个方面提供了式I-式VI所示化合物或式I-式VI所示化合物的异构体在制备防污剂或防污涂料中的用途。
本申请实施例的另一个方面提供了所述环保型防污剂在制备防污涂料中的用途。
本申请实施例的另一个方面提供了一种环保型防污涂料,包括树脂主体、防污剂以及可以选择使用或不使用的助剂,所述防污剂包括所述的环保型防污剂。
在一些实施方式中,所述树脂主体包括但不限于自抛光类型树脂或磨蚀类型树脂等。
例如,所述自抛光类型树脂包括但不限于丙烯酸树脂或甲基丙烯酸甲酯树脂等。
例如,所述磨蚀类型树脂包括但不限于丙烯酸树脂、氯化橡胶、氯化烯烃树脂或者苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚树脂等。
在一些实施方式中,所述助剂包括但不限于增量剂、溶剂、自发性促进剂、载体、乳化剂、分散剂、防冻剂、杀生物剂、增稠剂中的任意一种或多种的组合。在本申请的实施例中,加入的这些助剂主要为了调控涂料的性能,本身不具有任何生物功效。
在一些实施方式中,所述防污涂料中防污剂的含量在20wt%以下。优选的,所述防污涂料中防污剂的含量为10wt%~20wt%。
使用本申请实施例提供的所述防污涂料,在应用于船舶外壳、水产养殖设施以及海洋平台等设施时,在经历一个生物生长旺季后,污损生物生长的面积不高于涂覆面积的15%。
本申请实施例提供的所述防污涂料在实际使用过程中,可以刷涂在防腐涂层表面,两者配套使用。
本申请实施例的另一个方面提供了一种装置,包括基材和覆盖在基材上的防污涂层,所述防污涂层包括由所述环保型防污涂料形成的防污涂层。
进一步的,本申请实施例对于使用的基材无特别限定,主要是在水中对防污性能有一定要求的基材即可,包括但不限定于钢、铝、木材、天然或合成纤维、高分子聚合物等。例如,所述基材可以是与海水接触的基材,包括但不限于船舶外壳,水产养殖设施(绳索、渔网等渔具、浮子或浮标等)、湾岸道路、海底隧道等。
下面通过实施例的方式进一步说明本申请,但并不因此将本申请限制在所述的实施例范围之中。除非另外说明,下列实施例中所用试剂和原料均市售可得,而其中未注明具体条件的试验方法,通常按照常规条件,或者按照各制造商所建议的条件。又及,除非另外说明,本申请中所公开的实验方法、检测方法、制备方法均采用本技术领域的常规技术。这些技术在现有文献中已有完善说明。
例如,在如下实施例中,所涉及的除了防污剂组合物之外的其余一切物品,包括树脂、颜料、溶剂、基板等均从相应供应商处获得。
在如下实施例中,对于式I、II所示的呋喃肟而言,若x=y=0,则其合成工艺可以参考文献,如:“Efficient autocatalytic oximation of bio-based 2,5-diformylfuran with aqueous hydroxylamine under mild conditions”,《Green Chemistry》,2020,Issue 13。其产物核磁表征信息如下: 1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,δ(ppm)):11.40(2H,s,2oxime-OH);8.01(2H,s,2 iminic proton);6.77(2H,s,2 furan proton); 13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6,δ(ppm)):149.10,139.18,113.68。
对于式I所示的呋喃肟,若x=y=1、2、3、4或5,则其合成工艺可以包括如下步骤:
将相应的呋喃醛(例如2,5-呋喃二乙醛、2,5-呋喃二丙醛、2,5-呋喃二丁醛、2,5-呋喃二戊醛、2,5-呋喃二己醛等,可以采购自宁波贝欧斯生物科技有限公司)和盐酸羟胺在溶剂(例如去离子水等)中混合均匀,呋喃醛与盐酸羟胺摩尔比为1∶2.5~3.5,加入无水乙酸钠作为碱助剂,无水乙酸钠与盐酸羟胺摩尔比为1∶1~2,室温下肟化反应2小时左右,有大量白色沉淀析出,过滤,干燥即得目标产物。
其中一种目标产物(x=y=1)的核磁表征信息如下: 1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3,ppm):11.01(-OH,2H),6.53(CHN,2H),5.99(CH-,呋喃环,2H),3.24(-CH 2,4H); 13C-NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3,ppm):107.4,153.9,150.9,24.9。
其中一种目标产物(x=y=3)的核磁表征信息如下: 1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3,ppm):11.01(-OH,2H),6.53(CHN,2H),5.99(CH-,呋喃环,2H),2.38(-CH 2,4H),2.11(-CH 2,4H),1.64(-CH 2,4H); 13C-NMR(100MHz,CDCl 3,ppm):106.0,151.3,152.5,21.4,23.8,38.7。
其中一种目标产物(x=y=5)的核磁表征信息如下: 1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3,ppm):11.01(-OH,2H),6.53(CHN,2H),5.99(CH-,呋喃环,2H),2.38(-CH 2,4H),2.11(-CH 2,4H),1.59(-CH 2,4H),1.47(-CH 2,4H),1.29(-CH 2,4H); 13C-NMR(100MHz,CDCl 3,ppm):105.6,150.3,152.5,24.2,24.6,28.7,27.3,34.1。
对于式II所示的呋喃肟,若x=y=1、2、3、4或5,其合成工艺可以包括如下步骤:
将相应的呋喃醛(例如2,5-呋喃二乙醛、2,5-呋喃二丙醛、2,5-呋喃二丁醛、2,5-呋喃二戊醛、2,5-呋喃二己醛等)和盐酸羟胺在溶剂(去离子水等)中混合均匀,呋喃醛与盐酸羟胺摩尔比为1∶2.5~3.5,加入无水乙酸钠作为碱助剂,无水乙酸钠与盐酸羟胺摩尔比为1∶1~2,室温下肟化反应2小时左右,有大量白色沉淀析出,过滤,干燥即得目标产物。
其中一种目标产物(x=y=1)的核磁表征信息如下: 1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3,ppm):11.01(-OH,2H),6.53(CHN,2H),5.99(CH-,呋喃环,2H),3.24(-CH 2,4H); 13C-NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3,ppm):107.4,153.9,150.9,24.9。
其中一种目标产物(x=y=3)的核磁表征信息如下: 1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3,ppm):11.01(-OH,2H),6.53(CHN,2H),5.99(CH-,呋喃环,2H),2.38(-CH 2,4H),2.11(-CH 2,4H),1.64(-CH 2,4H); 13C-NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3,ppm):106.0,151.3,152.5,21.4,23.8,38.7。
其中一种目标产物(x=y=5)的核磁表征信息如下: 1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3,ppm):11.01(-OH,2H),6.53(CHN,2H),5.99(CH-,呋喃环,2H),2.38(-CH 2,4H),2.11(-CH 2,4H),1.59(-CH 2,4H),1.47(-CH 2,4H),1.29(-CH 2,4H); 13C-NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3,ppm):105.6, 150.3,152.5,24.2,24.6,28.7,27.3,34.1。
对于式III所示的呋喃肟,若x=y=0,其合成工艺可以包括如下步骤:
将相应的呋喃醛(2,5-呋喃二甲醛)和盐酸羟胺在溶剂(例如去离子水)中混合均匀,呋喃醛与盐酸羟胺摩尔比为1∶2.5~3.5,加入无水乙酸钠作为碱助剂,无水乙酸钠与盐酸羟胺摩尔比为1∶1~2,50-70℃肟化反应2小时左右,有大量白色沉淀析出,过滤,干燥即得目标产物,其核磁表征信息如下: 1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,δ(ppm)):12.06(2H,s,2 oxime-OH),7.57(2H,s,2 iminic proton),7.31(2H,s,2 furan proton); 13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6,δ(ppm)):144.91,135.59,118.77。
对于式III所示的呋喃肟,若x=y=1、2、3、4或5,其合成工艺可以包括如下步骤:
将相应的呋喃醛(例如2,5-呋喃二乙醛、2,5-呋喃二丙醛、2,5-呋喃二丁醛、2,5-呋喃二戊醛、2,5-呋喃二己醛等)和盐酸羟胺在溶剂(例如去离子水等)中混合均匀,呋喃醛与盐酸羟胺摩尔比为1∶2.5~3.5,加入无水乙酸钠作为碱助剂,无水乙酸钠与盐酸羟胺摩尔比为1∶1~2,肟化反应2小时左右,有大量白色沉淀析出,过滤,干燥即得目标产物。
其中一种目标产物(x=y=1)的核磁表征信息如下: 1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3,ppm):11.01(-OH,2H),6.53(CHN,2H),5.99(CH-,呋喃环,2H),3.24(-CH 2,4H); 13C-NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3,ppm):105.9,153.9,107.4,30.9。
其中一种目标产物(x=y=3)的核磁表征信息如下: 1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3,ppm):11.01(-OH,2H),6.53(CHN,2H),5.99(CH-,呋喃环,2H),2.38(-CH 2,4H),2.11(-CH 2,4H),1.64(-CH 2,4H); 13C-NMR(100MHz,CDCl 3,ppm):152.5,106.0,151.3,27.4,23.8,38.7。
其中一种目标产物(x=y=5)的核磁表征信息如下: 1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl 3,ppm):11.01(-OH,2H),6.53(CHN,2H),5.99(CH-,呋喃环,2H),2.38(-CH 2,4H),2.11(-CH 2,4H),1.59(-CH 2,4H),1.47(-CH 2,4H),1.29(-CH 2,4H); 13C-NMR(100MHz,CDCl 3,ppm):152.5,105.6,150.3,30.2,24.6,28.7,27.3,34.1。
对于式IV所示的呋喃肟金属络合物,若x=y=0,其合成工艺可以包括如下步骤:配置含有式III所示呋喃肟(x=y=0)的溶液,调节pH值为2.0-7.5,配置含有过渡金属盐的溶液(氯化铜溶液、硫酸铜溶液或氯化锌溶液),分批次加入所述呋喃肟的溶液中,呋喃肟与过渡金属盐的摩尔比为4~6∶1,室温配位反应5h左右,过滤,干燥,即得目标产物。对于所含M为Cu的目标产物,其元素分析(质量百分比)数据为:C 47.39%,N 14.31%,O 28.10%,Cu10.19%。
对于式IV所示的呋喃肟金属络合物,若x=y=1、2、3、4或5,其合成工艺可以包括如下步骤:配置含有式III所示呋喃肟(x=y=1、2、3、4或5)的溶液,调节pH值为2.0-7.5, 配置含有过渡金属盐的溶液(例如氯化铜溶液、硫酸铜溶液或氯化锌溶液),分批次加入所述呋喃肟的溶液中,呋喃肟与金属盐的摩尔比为1~2∶1,配位反应5h左右,过滤,干燥,即得目标产物。
其中一种目标产物(x=y=1),M为Cu,元素分析(质量百分比)数据为:C 48.46%,H 4.85%,N 14.18%,O 24.29%,Cu 8.04%。
其中一种目标产物(x=y=1),M为Zn,元素分析(质量百分比)数据为:C 48.52%,H 4.84%,N 14.15%,O 24.24%,Cu 8.25%。
其中一种目标产物(x=y=5),M为Cu,元素分析(质量百分比)数据为:C 62.04%,H 8.30%,N 9.04%,O 15.49%,Cu 5.13%。
对于式V所示的呋喃肟金属络合物,若x=y=0,其合成工艺可以包括如下步骤:配置含有式I(或式II或III)所示呋喃肟(x=y=0)的溶液,调节pH值为2.0-7.5,配置含有金属盐的溶液(例如氯化铜溶液、氯化锌溶液或硝酸银溶液),分批次加入所述呋喃肟的溶液中,呋喃肟与金属盐的摩尔比为1~2∶1,配位反应5h,过滤,干燥,即得目标产物。对于所含M为Cu的目标产物,其元素分析(质量百分比)数据为:C 34.92,N 12.03,O 24.31,Cu 27.60。
对于式V所示的呋喃肟金属络合物,若x=y=1、2、3、4或5,其合成工艺可以包括如下步骤:配置含有式I(或式II或III)所示呋喃肟(x=y=1、2、3、4或5)的溶液,调节pH值为2.0-7.5,配置含有金属盐的溶液(例如氯化铜溶液、氯化锌溶液或硝酸银溶液),分批次加入所述呋喃肟的溶液中,呋喃肟与氯化铜等摩尔比为1~2∶1,配位反应5h左右,过滤,干燥,即得目标产物。
其中一种目标产物(x=y=1),M为Cu,其元素分析(质量百分比)数据为:C 41.78%,H 4.29%,N 10.83%,O 18.55%,Cu 24.56%。
其中一种目标产物(x=y=3),M为Ag,其元素分析(质量百分比)数据为:C 43.47%,H 5.33%,N 7.80%,O 13.36%,Ag 30.03%。
其中一种目标产物(x=y=3),M为Zn,其元素分析(质量百分比)数据为:C 49.31%,H 6.05%,N 8.85%,O 15.16%,Zn 20.65%。
其中一种目标产物(x=y=5),M为Cu,其元素分析(质量百分比)数据为:C 55.04%,H 7.34%,N 7.55%,O 12.94%,Cu 17.13%。
对于式VI所示的呋喃肟金属络合物,若x=y=0,其合成工艺可以包括如下步骤:
配置含有式I(或式II或III)所示呋喃肟(x=y=0)的溶液,调节pH值为2.0-7.5,配置含有金属盐的溶液(例如氯化银溶液或硝酸银溶液),分批次加入所述呋喃肟的溶液中, 呋喃肟与金属盐的摩尔比为1~2∶1,配位反应5h左右,过滤,干燥,即得目标产物。对于所含M为Ag的目标产物,其元素分析(质量百分比)数据为:C 27.61%,H 1.93%,N 10.73%,O 18.39%,Ag 41.33%。
对于式VI所示的呋喃肟金属络合物,若x=y=1、2、3、4或5,其合成工艺可以包括如下步骤:
配置含有式I(或式II或III)所示呋喃肟(x=y=1、2、3、4或5)的溶液,调节pH值为2.0-7.5,配置含有金属盐的溶液(例如氯化铜溶液、氯化锌溶液、氯化银溶液或硝酸银溶液),分批次加入所述呋喃肟的溶液中,呋喃肟与金属盐的摩尔比为1~2∶1,配位反应5h左右,过滤,干燥,即得目标产物。
其中一种目标产物(x=y=1),M为Ag,其元素分析(质量百分比)数据为:C 33.24%,H 3.14%,N 9.69%,O 16.61%,Cu 37.32%。
其中一种目标产物(x=y=5),M为Cu,其元素分析(质量百分比)数据为:C 53.84%,H 7.06%,N 7.85%,O 13.45%,Cu 17.80%。
例如,在如下实施例中,所涉及的防污涂料可以采用与公知的常用防污涂料同样的制备装置、方法等进行配制。例如,在预先选定了树脂类型后,将选定的树脂与设计的环保型防污剂以及根据需要使用的其他助剂等成分一次性或依次添加至溶剂,搅拌、混合来制造即可。
例如,在如下实施例中,可以将各组分充分混匀、研磨后的防污涂料,使用包括但不限于空气喷涂、无空气喷涂、毛刷、辊等涂装方法或涂装工具涂装于基材(基材可以是防污目的物或被涂装物),或者将基材浸于所述防污涂料中,之后使用例如自然干燥(即,以大致室温的温度进行干燥)或加热器等干燥装置或方式使涂布或含浸于基材的防污涂料干燥、固化,从而在基材上形成防污涂层。
如下实施例中,对于具有防污涂层的样品的挂片性能评级标准参见表1。
表1
评级 污损覆盖的面积
0 小于3%
1 4%-10%
2 11%-15%
3 16%-25%
4 26%-45%
5 大于45%
实施例1-9中各防污涂料的组成及由其形成的涂层的挂片性能详见表2。
表2
Figure PCTCN2020125776-appb-000003
注:表2中式I化合物、式II化合物、式III化合物中的x、y取值均相同;以及,其中D栏所示数据均为对多个样品测试后的平均值。
实施例10-18中各防污涂料的组成及由其形成的涂层的挂片性能详见表3。
表3
Figure PCTCN2020125776-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2020125776-appb-000005
注:表3中,同一防污剂组合物内式IV化合物、式V化合物、式VI化合物的x、y取值均相同,M也均相同;以及,其中D栏所示数据均为对多个样品测试后的平均值。
实施例19-27中各防污涂料的组成及由其形成的涂层的挂片性能详见表4。
表4
Figure PCTCN2020125776-appb-000006
注:表4中a为式I、II、式III化合物中的任意一种或几种的混合物,b为式IV、V、VI化合物中的任意一种或几种的混合物,且同一防污剂组合物内各化合物中x、y取值均相同;以及,其中D栏所示数据均为对多个样品测试后的平均值。
实施例1、实施例2、实施例3、实施例6、实施例7、实施例8、实施例10、实施例11、实施例12、实施例16、实施例17、实施例18、实施例19、实施例20、实施例21、实施例25、实施例26、实施例27中各典型样品的挂板照片分别如图1、图2、图3、图4、图5、图6、图7、图8、图9、图10、图11、图12、图13、图14、图15、图16、图17、图18所示。
对照例1-9中各防污涂料的组成及由其形成的涂层的挂片性能详见表5。
表5
Figure PCTCN2020125776-appb-000007
注:表5中D栏所示数据均为对多个样品测试后的平均值。
对比例1、对比例2、对比例3、对比例4、对比例6、对比例8中各典型样品的挂板照片分别如图19、图20、图21、图22、图23、图24所示。
此外,本申请实施例提供的防污涂层还可以与防已知的防腐层等协同使用。
例如,在一个典型的应用案例中,可以提供一种多层防护膜结构,参阅图25所示,该多层防护膜结构覆盖在碳钢基体1的表面,包括依次层叠的防腐涂层2(石墨烯环氧复合防腐涂层)、防污涂层3。该多层防护膜结构的制备方法包括:
1)将0.25g聚2-丁基苯胺纳米纤维(直径为50nm左右,长度为0.7μm左右)、0.25g石墨烯纳米片(厚度约3~5nm)分散在50mL丙酮中超声1h,制得石墨烯分散液,再将该石墨烯分散液与32g环氧树脂(型号为E44,购于江苏吴江合力树脂厂)、2g流平剂(乙二醇丁醚或醋丁纤维素等)、2g防沉剂(气相二氧化硅或有机膨润土等)、3g矿物油类消泡剂以及8g二甲苯试剂机械搅拌30分钟混合均匀,得到组分一,以及将10g聚酰胺650与4g二甲苯溶液混合均匀制得组分二,之后将该组分一与组分二按质量比为100∶80混合,并使用高速搅拌机搅拌30min,即得到含石墨烯0.5wt%的石墨烯环氧复合涂料,其后将该石墨烯环氧复合涂料喷涂到碳钢基体上,待溶剂挥发后,得到厚度为20~50微米的石墨烯环氧复合防腐涂层;
2)采用前述实施例1-27中提及的任一种防污涂料在该石墨烯环氧复合防腐涂层上形成厚度为20~50微米的防污涂层。
对该多层防护膜结构的防污及防腐性能进行测试,结果显示,该多层防护膜结构的防污性能比单独采用防污涂层时提升5%以上,而其防腐性能比单独采用防腐涂层时提升15%以上。
应当理解,以上所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。本申请的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本申请的范围,而是仅仅表示本申请的选定实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种环保型防污剂,其特征在于包括式I-式VI所示化合物及式I-式VI所示化合物的异构体中的任意一种或多种的组合;
    Figure PCTCN2020125776-appb-100001
    其中,x、y的取值为0~5,M包括Cu、Zn或者Ag。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的环保型防污剂,其特征在于:x=y;和/或,x、y的取值为0或1;和/或,M为Cu。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的环保型防污剂,其特征在于:所述环保型防污剂包含式III所示化合物;和/或,所述环保型防污剂之中式III所示化合物的含量在50wt%以上。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的环保型防污剂,其特征在于:所述环保型防污剂包含式V所示化合物、式VI所示化合物中任意一种或两种的E-异构体;和/或,所述环保型防污剂之中式V所示化合物、式VI所示化合物中任意一种或两种的E-异构体的含量在50wt%以上。
  5. 式I-式VI所示化合物或式I-式VI所示化合物的异构体在制备防污剂或防污涂料中的用途;
    Figure PCTCN2020125776-appb-100002
    其中,x、y的取值为0~5,M包括Cu、Zn或者Ag。
  6. 一种环保型防污涂料,包括树脂主体、防污剂以及可以选择使用或不使用的助剂,其特征在于:所述防污剂包括权利要求1-4中任一项所述的环保型防污剂。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的环保型防污涂料,其特征在于:所述树脂主体包括自抛光类型 树脂或磨蚀类型树脂;所述自抛光类型树脂包括丙烯酸树脂或甲基丙烯酸甲酯树脂,所述磨蚀类型树脂包括丙烯酸树脂、氯化橡胶、氯化烯烃树脂或者苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚树脂;和/或,所述助剂包括增量剂、溶剂、自发性促进剂、载体、乳化剂、分散剂、防冻剂、杀生物剂、增稠剂中的任意一种或多种的组合;和/或,所述防污涂料中防污剂的含量在20wt%以下。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的环保型防污涂料,其特征在于:所述防污涂料中防污剂的含量为10wt%~20wt%。
  9. 一种多层防护膜结构,其特征在于包括层叠设置的至少一防腐涂层和至少一防污涂层,其中至少一防污涂层由权利要求6-8中任一项所述环保型防污涂料形成。
  10. 一种装置,其特征在于包括:
    基材;
    覆盖在基材上的防污涂层或权利要求9所述的多层防护膜结构,所述防污涂层包括由权利要求6-8中任一项所述环保型防污涂料形成的防污涂层。
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