WO2022074109A1 - Système de sauvetage en hauteur - Google Patents

Système de sauvetage en hauteur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022074109A1
WO2022074109A1 PCT/EP2021/077674 EP2021077674W WO2022074109A1 WO 2022074109 A1 WO2022074109 A1 WO 2022074109A1 EP 2021077674 W EP2021077674 W EP 2021077674W WO 2022074109 A1 WO2022074109 A1 WO 2022074109A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
traction means
housing
rotor
take
roller
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/077674
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Axel Rohm
Jens Schönekäs
Cora Carlson
Original Assignee
Zf Friedrichshafen Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zf Friedrichshafen Ag filed Critical Zf Friedrichshafen Ag
Publication of WO2022074109A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022074109A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A62B1/08—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys
    • A62B1/12—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys hydraulically operated

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a height rescue arrangement, in particular for rescuing people and/or objects from great heights, such as in the case of a high-rise building fire, in which it is no longer possible to leave the building via the stairs and paths provided for this purpose.
  • Height rescue arrangements are used to evacuate people and objects outside the building.
  • DE450493 discloses a device for rescuing endangered people from rooms at high altitudes using a cable winch.
  • the cable winch provides a brake, the brake being formed by displaceable pressure plates and thus slowing down when the person abseils.
  • the brake can be adjusted to the weight of the person.
  • FR2528710 also provides a device for abseiling people from high rooms.
  • the braking device is purely mechanical.
  • a mechanical brake can thermally overheat when rescuing people from great heights and can then no longer provide the necessary braking effect when abseiling, which can lead to personal injury during the rescue.
  • the present invention solves the above-mentioned tasks with an embodiment in the form of a height rescue arrangement for rescuing people and/or objects, comprising a braking device and a traction device, the traction device being located in a traction device supply, the braking device having a retarder with a housing and a comprises a rotor that can be rotated relative to the housing, the rotor and the housing being provided with blades, with an active medium being accelerated by the blades of the rotor and flowing into the housing and being deflected by the blades on the housing, with a moment of resistance being generated on the rotor, with the traction means also being connected to the Rotor is in operative connection.
  • One half of the housing is open radially on the inside so that the active medium, for example air or a viscous medium such as oil, can flow in.
  • the second half is preferably closed because it faces a person to be rescued, for example.
  • One or more openings are provided radially on the outside, which allow air to flow out.
  • the escaping medium is fed back inside the housing so that it cannot escape to the outside.
  • the volume flow of the medium air, which is sucked in and discharged, must be at least so large that the heating does not lead to a higher temperature than approx. 60°C.
  • a device which has a supply of traction means/rope supply, preferably in the form of a coil.
  • the rope supply corresponds at least to the intended abseiling height.
  • the spool or the rope are in operative connection with the moment of resistance generated by the rotor. This operative connection can have a transmission that reduces the speed between the rotor and the coil, or it can be connected directly to the coil.
  • the braking force on the rope results from the applied rotor torque and the effective lever arm of the rope.
  • the required rotor speed In order to abseil the person at a defined speed or with a defined speed profile, the required rotor speed must follow the torque characteristic.
  • the cable should preferably be guided from the spool over a pulley, via which the braking torque is operatively connected to the cable.
  • a radius of the roll is to be designed in such a way that a descent speed comes close to a target value.
  • the coil is directly operatively connected to the rotor torque.
  • the braking force depends on the lever arm that occurs between the rope at the unwinding point and the axis of rotation. This means that the braking force changes depending on an unwinding length. Due to the If the circumference changes, the speed of the rotor also increases, so that with a small unwinding length or height above the ground only little braking force is built up, and towards the end disproportionately more.
  • a further embodiment provides that the supply of traction means provides a spool, the traction means being wound up on the spool and the spool being connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the rotor.
  • the traction mechanism can also be wound up on a spool, with the spool being operatively connected to the rotor by means of a gear.
  • the transmission can be a toothed wheel transmission, or a planetary transmission, or a chain transmission, or a belt transmission.
  • an effective lever length (Is) of the traction means to the coil can be reduced.
  • the coil can consist of at least a first, a second and a third area for the traction means (10), with the first area being located radially on the outside and storing a length x of traction means, with the second area being located further radially on the inside and a Length y of traction means stored and the third area is located further radially inwards and a length z of traction means stored.
  • the stored length x of traction means can be greater than the stored length z of traction means, with the stored length y of traction means being less than the stored length z of traction means.
  • the traction means can also be wound up on a spool, with the spool being provided so that it can rotate freely with respect to the housing, with a take-up roller also being provided for the traction means, with the take-up roller being in operative contact with the rotor, with the traction means passing through the take-up roller is guided in an encircling manner in order to produce a frictional connection and/or frictional connection between the take-up roller and the traction mechanism.
  • An angle of wrap (a) of the traction mechanism around the take-up roller can be equal to or greater than 180° in order to provide the non-positive and/or frictional connection between the take-up roller and the traction mechanism.
  • the supply of traction means can be formed by a spool, the traction means being wound up on the spool, the spool being freely rotatable relative to the rotor (8).
  • the supply of traction means can be arranged inside or outside the housing and can be firmly connected to the housing.
  • a contact surface of the take-up roller with the traction means can be designed to increase friction, such as ribbed or sanded.
  • the take-up roller can also be provided in a rotationally fixed manner with the rotor.
  • the take-up reel can be operatively connected to the rotor by means of a gear.
  • the transmission can be a toothed wheel transmission, or a planetary transmission, or a chain transmission, or a belt transmission.
  • the housing or an element firmly connected to the housing can also comprise a fastening arrangement, the fastening arrangement being designed to be firmly fastened to a person or to an object.
  • the housing can be fastened to the person or to the object like a rucksack by means of the fastening arrangement.
  • the housing can provide a traction means outlet, with the traction means outlet being located above the center of gravity (KP) of the person in relation to the person to be rescued.
  • KP center of gravity
  • the traction mechanism outlet on the housing can be in the area of the upper body (upper body) or further above the person.
  • the other end of the traction mechanism can be firmly attached to a rescue starting point.
  • the housing can also be firmly attached to a rescue starting point, with the housing providing a traction device outlet, with one traction device end being firmly connected to the coil, with the other traction device end being guided out of the traction device outlet and firmly attached to the person to be rescued or to the object to be rescued is attached.
  • a take-up roller for the traction means can also be provided, the take-up roller being in operative contact with the rotor, the traction means being guided through the take-up roller in an encircling manner in order to create a non-positive and/or frictional connection between the take-up roller and the traction means.
  • An angle of wrap (a) of the traction mechanism around the take-up roller can be equal to or greater than 180° in order to provide the non-positive and/or frictional connection between the take-up roller and the traction mechanism.
  • the supply of traction means can be formed by a spool, the traction means being wound onto the spool, the spool being freely rotatable with respect to the rotor.
  • the supply of traction means can be arranged inside or outside the housing and can be firmly connected to the housing (7).
  • a contact surface of the take-up roller with the traction means can also be designed to increase friction, such as ribbed or sanded.
  • the take-up roller can be provided in a rotationally fixed manner with the rotor.
  • the take-up reel can be operatively connected to the rotor by means of a gear.
  • the transmission can be a toothed wheel transmission or a planetary transmission or a chain transmission or a belt transmission.
  • the housing or an element firmly connected to the housing can also comprise a fastening arrangement, the fastening arrangement being designed to be firmly fastened to a person or to an object.
  • the housing can be attached to the person or to the object like a rucksack by means of the attachment arrangement.
  • the housing can also provide a traction mechanism outlet, with the traction mechanism outlet being located above the center of gravity (KS) of the person in relation to the person to be rescued.
  • KS center of gravity
  • the traction mechanism outlet on the housing is in the area of the upper body (OK) or further above the person.
  • one end of the traction mechanism can also be advantageous for one end of the traction mechanism to be firmly attached to a rescue starting point, with the other end of the traction mechanism being freely movable or firmly attached to a rescue destination.
  • the active medium can be air or a viscous medium such as water, oil, glycol or a mixture of viscous media.
  • the traction means can be a rope or a chain or a belt.
  • FIG. 1 shows in cross section a height rescue arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 1 shows a height rescue arrangement 1 with the essential components in detail.
  • This embodiment has in particular a housing 7, a rotor 8 which can be rotated relative to the housing 7, and a spool 20 on which the cable 17 is wound.
  • the coil 20 is connected to the rotor 8 in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the housing 7 has a traction mechanism outlet 12 for the cable 17 radially at the top.
  • the housing 7 or an element firmly connected to the housing 7 can be attached to the person to be rescued by means of an attachment arrangement, such as a carrying harness.
  • the housing 7 also has a specific number of blades 21 (stator) which are used to deflect the active medium 15 .
  • Air or a viscous medium such as oil or water or glycol or a mixture of one of the viscous media can be used as the active medium 15 .
  • the rotor 8 is provided at a further axial distance from the blades 21 of the housing 7. which is non-rotatably connected to the coil 20 lying concentrically further inside with rope 17 .
  • the spool 20 is provided rotatably relative to the housing 7 .
  • a traction device end 13 is attached to a rescue starting point 55 .
  • the entire height rescue arrangement 1 is fastened to the person 2 to be rescued by means of a fastening arrangement 50 . If the person 2 to be rescued now ropes down, the rope 17 unrolls from the spool 20 and thereby drives the rotor 8 .
  • the active medium 15 is conveyed by the blades 9 to the blades 21 of the housing and is deflected by the blades 21 . This creates a moment of resistance or braking moment and the rotor is braked by the moment of resistance, so that the person to be rescued can reach the rescue destination safely even from great heights.
  • the retarder 5 used here as a brake has the advantage that it can be dimensioned in such a way that the braking torque is almost constant or even only low and after a certain abseiling height has been exceeded, which advantageously has to be traversed at high speed , to effect rapid rescue of the person, then increasing to make the rescued person arrive safely at the rescue destination.
  • the braking torque is measured by the rotor braking torque and the effective lever arm Is of the cable 17 to the coil 20.
  • the coil 20 is non-rotatably connected to the rotor 8 and is provided radially inside the rotor 8.
  • the coil 20 is divided into three areas, namely a first area 41 , a second area 42 and a third area 43 .
  • a length x of rope is wound up in the first region 41 . Due to the large distance Is to the axis of rotation, the rotor will rotate at a certain number of revolutions when abseiling.
  • this number of revolutions is less than a number of revolutions that will take place when the rope 17 is unwound in the second region 42, since the effective lever arm Is is now reduced. If the cable 17 now rolls further off the spool 20 in the third area 43, the number of revolutions of the rotor 8 increases further, since the effective lever arm of the cable 17 has now decreased even further. It should be noted that the higher the number of revolutions of the rotor, the greater the braking torque that can be provided by the retarder. In this case, the rope length x in the first area is primarily intended to quickly rappel down the person to be rescued from the rescue starting point. The rope length y in the second area serves as a braking phase.
  • the effective lever length of the rope quickly decreases with increasing abseiling length.
  • the rope length z in the third area serves to cover the last descent section after the braking phase in order to arrive at the rescue destination at a relatively low speed.
  • the length y on the cable 17 is primarily the shortest, with the length z being greater than the length y, with the length x in turn being greater than the length z on the cable 17.
  • FIG. 2 shows a height rescue arrangement as already described in FIG. As a result, a transmission ratio of the coil 20 to the rotor 8 can be changed, which can have an advantageous effect on the braking torque.
  • FIG. 3 is comparable to FIG. 1, but here the spool 20 is provided with only one area for the cable 17, so that the effective lever length Is of the cable 17 changes only slightly when the cable 17 is unwound.
  • FIG. 4 shows a height rescue arrangement 1 with FIG.
  • the cable 17 is first guided around a take-up roller 31 from the spool.
  • an angle of wrap a of the cable 17 is to be selected in order to select the take-up pulley 31 in such a way that the cable 17 is non-positively or frictionally engaged with the take-up pulley 31 .
  • This can have the effect that the cable 17 on the spool 20 is almost free of tensile force during the abseiling process.
  • an advantageous angle of wrap a of the cable 17 around the take-up roller 31 is 180° or more.
  • the receiving roll 31 is connected to the rotor 8 by means of a gear 30 , here a planetary gear 34 .
  • the take-up roller 31 can also be connected to the rotor 8 in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • FIG. 6 shows a similar embodiment of a height rescue arrangement 1 as already described in FIGS.
  • the cable 17 is not routed through a traction mechanism outlet 12 between the rotor 8 and the housing 7, as previously described, but between the coil 20 and the retarder 5.
  • the cable 17 is taken up by means of a take-up roller 31 by means of a loop.
  • the take-up roller 31 is connected to the rotor 8 in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • FIG. 7 shows a height rescue arrangement 1, as already described in FIG.
  • FIG. 8 shows a height rescue arrangement 1, as already described in FIG.
  • the coil 20 is connected to the rotor 8 in a torque-proof manner.
  • the cable outlet 12 is also here, as in Figure 3, between the rotor 8 and the housing 7.
  • FIG. 9 shows a height rescue arrangement 1 as already described in FIG. 8, but here the coil 20 is connected to the rotor 8 by means of a gear 30, here a planetary gear 34.
  • FIG. 10 shows a height rescue arrangement 1 as already described in FIG.
  • the coil 20 with the cable 17 is not arranged in an axially staggered manner relative to the rotor 8, but rather in a radially staggered arrangement. As a result, an axial installation space can be reduced.
  • FIG. 11 shows a comparable structure of a height rescue arrangement 1 as described in FIG.
  • a cable pocket 18 is used here, which is loosely provided here in radial staggering with respect to the rotor 8.
  • the cable pocket 18 can thus represent an external cable supply that can be expanded as desired.
  • FIG. 12 shows an example of use of a height rescue arrangement 1 according to the invention.
  • a variant is used here in which a take-up roller 31 is connected to the rotor 8 in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the rope 17 is firmly connected to one end 13 of the rope at a rescue starting point 55 .
  • the other end of the rope 16 is loose at a rescue destination 56.
  • the rope 17 is around the take-up reel 31 looped to provide here between the cable 17 and the take-up roller 31 a frictional connection and or frictional connection.
  • the entire height rescue arrangement 1 is firmly connected to the person 2 to be rescued with a fastening arrangement 50, for example a carrying strap or a fastening harness.
  • a traction mechanism outlet 12 or also called rope outlet is located above a body center of gravity KS so that the person to be rescued moves down with his feet first when abseiling. Since the rope 17 is not carried along in the actual height rescue arrangement 1 but is already provided from the rescue starting point 55 to the rescue destination 56 , a rope inlet 19 is provided on the housing 7 or on an element firmly connected to the housing 7 .
  • FIG. 13 shows an embodiment as described in FIG. In this case, the rescue destination is further away axially from a building than the rescue starting point 55. This can be advantageous in order to get as far away as possible from a burning building, for example, during the rescue process.
  • FIG. 14 a height rescue arrangement 1 comparable to that described in FIGS. 12 and 13 is used.
  • the height rescue assembly 1 is firmly attached to the rescue start site 55 .
  • the rope 17 is thrown down as an endless loop to the rescue destination 56 .
  • the person 2 to be rescued fastens himself with the rope 17.
  • the rotor 8 is then driven by the rope 17, the rope being wrapped around the take-up pulley 31.
  • This embodiment can be advantageous since the brake or the retarder only has to provide a braking effect for the person 2 to be rescued. Since the height rescue arrangement 1 is fixed at the rescue starting point 55, the weight of the height rescue arrangement 1 is not included in the weight to be braked with the person 2.
  • FIG. 15 shows, together with FIG. 16, an embodiment of a height rescue arrangement 1 as already described in FIG. However, a supply of rope 17 is provided on the height rescue arrangement 1 here.
  • the housing 8 with firmly connected to a support frame 14, the support frame 14 having a fastening arrangement 50, with which the entire height rescue arrangement 1 can be fastened to the person 2 to be rescued in the manner of a rucksack.
  • a traction device end 13 is firmly attached to a rescue starting point 55 .
  • a traction mechanism outlet 12 is located here above the upper part of the upper body of the person 2 to be rescued, so that the person 2 can be rescued down with his feet first while abseiling.
  • the supply of rope 17 is to be selected in such a way that the person to be rescued can also reach the rescue destination 56 .
  • Figure 17 shows a section of an embodiment of a height rescue arrangement 1 in the area of a take-up pulley 31.
  • a deflection pulley 35 is provided in front of the take-up pulley 31 and a deflection pulley 37 after the take-up pulley 31 .
  • the cable 17 is guided around the take-up roller 31 with an angle of wrap ⁇ greater than 180°. This has the effect that the rope 17 does not slip on the take-up pulley during the rescue process, since the take-up pulley 31 has to transfer the braking torque from the rotor 8 to the rope 17 during the rescue process.
  • the take-up pulley 31 has a ribbed design in order to prevent the cable 17 from slipping through to the take-up pulley 31 .
  • FIG. 18 shows a cross section through a retarder 5, with a housing 7 and blades 21 located therein, as well as a rotor 8 with blades 9 that can be rotated relative to the housing 7.
  • Air is provided here as an active medium 15.
  • the rotor 8 is firmly connected to a take-up pulley 31 around which a cable 17 is wrapped and which drives the rotor 8 during a rescue operation.
  • FIGS. 19 and 20 show a further embodiment of a height rescue arrangement 1.
  • the coil 20 with the cable supply 17 is arranged in a radially staggered manner relative to the retarder 6.
  • the coil 20 in FIG. 19 is connected to the rotor 8 by means of a gear 30, designed here as a chain gear 36.
  • the transmission 30 is designed as a toothed wheel transmission 32 . reference sign

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)

Abstract

Système de sauvetage en hauteur (1) pour le sauvetage de personnes et/ou d'objets, comprenant un dispositif de freinage (5) et un moyen de traction (10), le moyen de traction (10) se trouvant dans une réserve de moyen de traction (11). Le dispositif de freinage (5) comprend un ralentisseur (6) pourvu d'un boîtier (7) et un rotor (8) pouvant tourner par rapport au boîtier (7). Le rotor (8) et le boîtier (7) sont pourvus de pales (9, 21), un milieu actif (15) étant accéléré par les pales (9) du rotor (8) et pénétrant dans le boîtier (7), où il est dévié par les aubes (21) du boîtier (7), un couple de résistance étant généré sur le rotor (8), le moyen de traction (10) étant en outre en liaison fonctionnelle avec le rotor (8).
PCT/EP2021/077674 2020-10-08 2021-10-07 Système de sauvetage en hauteur WO2022074109A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020212741.7A DE102020212741A1 (de) 2020-10-08 2020-10-08 Höhenrettungsanordnung
DE102020212741.7 2020-10-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022074109A1 true WO2022074109A1 (fr) 2022-04-14

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ID=78085713

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2021/077674 WO2022074109A1 (fr) 2020-10-08 2021-10-07 Système de sauvetage en hauteur

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DE (1) DE102020212741A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022074109A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE450493C (de) 1925-08-28 1927-10-08 Wilhelm Rosin Vorrichtung zur Rettung gefaehrdeter Personen aus hochgelegenen Aufenthaltsraeumen mittels Seilwinde
US4029298A (en) * 1974-07-18 1977-06-14 Jakob Lassche Escape device
FR2528710A1 (fr) 1982-06-17 1983-12-23 Martelli Antonino Parachute hydraulique de securite pour la descente controlee de charges diverses
US10413761B2 (en) * 2016-03-02 2019-09-17 Msa Technology, Llc Line retraction device having a damper assembly

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4473132A (en) 1981-11-25 1984-09-25 Schwing Robert F Fire escape mechanism
DE10146039A1 (de) 2001-09-18 2003-04-03 Michael Berger Vorrichtung zur Selbstrettung von Personen
DE102005061363A1 (de) 2005-12-21 2007-07-05 Alexander Von Gencsy Vorrichtung zur Höhenrettung

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE450493C (de) 1925-08-28 1927-10-08 Wilhelm Rosin Vorrichtung zur Rettung gefaehrdeter Personen aus hochgelegenen Aufenthaltsraeumen mittels Seilwinde
US4029298A (en) * 1974-07-18 1977-06-14 Jakob Lassche Escape device
FR2528710A1 (fr) 1982-06-17 1983-12-23 Martelli Antonino Parachute hydraulique de securite pour la descente controlee de charges diverses
US10413761B2 (en) * 2016-03-02 2019-09-17 Msa Technology, Llc Line retraction device having a damper assembly

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