WO2022036517A1 - 传导件、液冷导电结构、电机及电动汽车动力总成 - Google Patents

传导件、液冷导电结构、电机及电动汽车动力总成 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022036517A1
WO2022036517A1 PCT/CN2020/109586 CN2020109586W WO2022036517A1 WO 2022036517 A1 WO2022036517 A1 WO 2022036517A1 CN 2020109586 W CN2020109586 W CN 2020109586W WO 2022036517 A1 WO2022036517 A1 WO 2022036517A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
outlet
conductive
channel
motor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/109586
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
姜胜海
张伟龙
张力天
马文武
任天有
唐正义
Original Assignee
华为数字能源技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by 华为数字能源技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为数字能源技术有限公司
Priority to EP20949730.4A priority Critical patent/EP4178087A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2020/109586 priority patent/WO2022036517A1/zh
Priority to CN202080012571.0A priority patent/CN114391211A/zh
Publication of WO2022036517A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022036517A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/22—Auxiliary parts of casings not covered by groups H02K5/06-H02K5/20, e.g. shaped to form connection boxes or terminal boxes
    • H02K5/225—Terminal boxes or connection arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
    • H02K11/33—Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H02K5/203—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of electric vehicle powertrains, and in particular, to a conducting member, a liquid-cooled conductive structure, and a motor having the liquid-cooled conductive structure.
  • the motor and motor controller are the key components of the electric vehicle powertrain. How to design it to be miniaturized and have better heat dissipation performance is a difficult problem that the industry strives to overcome.
  • a conductive connection is achieved between the motor and the MCU through metal connectors. During the operation of the motor, the metal connectors will also generate heat. Usually, heat dissipation is achieved by natural cooling of the metal connectors, but this solution has a low heat dissipation capacity. , affecting the stability and life of the powertrain.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a conductive member with electrical conductivity and heat dissipation capability.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a conductive member, which has a conductive function, is electrically connected between a first electronic device and a second electronic device, and can realize current transmission between the first electronic device and the second electronic device, For example, current transmission is realized between the motor controller and the motor, and the conductive member also has the function of liquid cooling and heat dissipation.
  • a liquid cooling channel is arranged in the conducting member, and the liquid cooling channel is provided with an inlet and an outlet, so that the cooling liquid enters the liquid cooling channel from the inlet and flows out from the outlet, and the outlet is adjacent to the conducting member the electrical connection with the second electronic device, so that the cooling liquid performs liquid cooling and heat dissipation on the electrical connection between the conductive member and the second electronic device.
  • the conductive member provided by the present application can not only realize the conductive function between the first electronic device and the second electronic device, but also through the liquid cooling channel provided inside the conductive member, while realizing the conductive function, the conductive member can pass through the cooling liquid flow.
  • the cooling liquid is the cooling liquid of the cooling system of the electric vehicle powertrain, and the cooling liquid passes through the reducer After entering the motor, it can flow into the flow channel of the main conductive part through the liquid inlet channel. After spraying the outlet part, it will return to the cooling system through the pipeline in the motor to form a liquid cooling cycle, which can continuously dissipate heat.
  • the conductive member provided by the present application is hollow due to the arrangement of the liquid cooling channel in the conductive member. During the conduction between the first electronic device and the second electronic device, the current density can be improved, and the current density is high. So that the conductive member has good electrical conductivity.
  • the conductive member is made of conductive material, and the specific material can be metal material, such as copper, aluminum, silver, etc.
  • the conducting member includes an inlet portion, an outlet portion, and a main conductive portion connected between the inlet portion and the outlet portion, and the inlet portion is used to communicate with the first electronic device. Electrical connection, the inlet is formed in the inlet part, the outlet part is used for electrical connection with the second electronic device, the outlet is formed in the main conductive part, and the outlet is located in the main conductive part Connect the position of the outlet.
  • the liquid cooling channel extends from the inlet portion to the end of the main conductive portion away from the inlet portion, the outlet of the liquid cooling channel faces the outlet portion, and the outlet facing the outlet portion can be understood as: the outlet portion It is arranged at the position facing the outlet, that is, the position where the cooling liquid flowing out from the outlet can directly flow to the outlet, that is, the direct spray outlet.
  • the outlet of the liquid cooling channel is arranged to face the outlet part, so that the cooling liquid can be sprayed directly at the outlet part after flowing out from the outlet, and the liquid cooling efficiency of the outlet part can be improved.
  • outlet of the liquid cooling channel faces the outlet portion may be that the outlet is facing the outlet portion, that is, facing the electrical connection between the conducting member and the second electronic device; another specific embodiment is also It may be that the direction of the outlet is not facing the outlet, and the position relative to the outlet is partially deviated, but the cooling liquid can also be sprayed directly on the electrical connection between the conductive member and the second electronic device.
  • the outlet of the liquid cooling channel may not face the outlet, but may face a blocker, and the blocker may be a part of the structure of the conducting element, or may be an environmental element at the location where the conducting element is installed, such as a motor
  • the overall price structure on the casing, this setting allows the coolant to be sprayed towards other objects, reflected to the outlet through other objects, or sprayed at a certain angle relative to the direction of the outlet.
  • the liquid cooling channel includes a liquid inlet channel located in the inlet part and a flow channel located in the main conductive part, and the outlet of the flow channel is the outlet of the liquid cooling channel, so
  • the inner wall of the flow channel is a smooth surface.
  • the flow channel with smooth surface is easy to manufacture and has the advantage of low cost.
  • Standard pipe fittings can be directly used, for example, copper pipe can be used directly.
  • the cross-section of the inner and outer surfaces of the copper pipe can be round, square, oval, I-shaped, etc. any shape.
  • the liquid cooling channel includes a liquid inlet channel located in the inlet part and a flow channel located in the main conductive part, and the outlet of the flow channel is the outlet of the liquid cooling channel, so
  • the inner wall of the flow channel is provided with an inner convex tooth structure.
  • the design of the inner convex tooth structure increases the contact area between the cooling liquid and the main conductive part, which is beneficial to increase the heat exchange area.
  • the number of the inwardly convex tooth-like structures may be one, two or more.
  • the inwardly convex tooth-like structure extends from one end of the main channel near the inlet to an end near the outlet
  • the main conductive portion includes a central axis, the central axis extending from the inlet to the outlet, and the inwardly convex
  • the number of the tooth-like structures is two, they can be symmetrically distributed on both sides of the central axis, and when the number of the inner convex tooth-like structures is three or more, the distribution mode can be equally spaced circumferential distribution.
  • the liquid cooling channel includes a liquid inlet channel located in the inlet part and a flow channel located in the main conductive part, and the outlet of the flow channel is the outlet of the liquid cooling channel, so
  • the flow channel includes at least two parallel sub-flow channels, and each of the sub-flow channels is isolated from each other and extends from the connection between the flow channel and the liquid inlet channel to the outlet of the flow channel.
  • the cross-sectional shape of each sub-flow channel is circular, the cross-sectional dimensions of multiple sub-flow channels may be the same, and the multiple sub-flow channels may be arranged in a honeycomb or array arrangement.
  • the arrangement of the sub-flow channel can also increase the contact area between the cooling liquid and the main conductive part, which is beneficial to increase the heat exchange area.
  • the number of sub-flow channels can be two or more, and the cooling liquid is divided into each sub-flow channel from the liquid inlet channel of the inlet part.
  • the cooling liquid is divided into multiple bundles of cooling liquid, similar to the difference between a faucet and a shower, each sub-flow channel forms the structure of the shower nozzle at the position of the outlet, which can expand the spray area and is conducive to providing liquid cooling and heat dissipation.
  • the outer surface of the main conductive portion is a smooth surface
  • the cross-section of the outer surface of the main conductive portion may be a circle, a square, an ellipse, a polygon, or the like.
  • the main conductive part of the smooth surface has a simple structure and is easy to select materials. For example, a copper tube or a tubular structure such as a square tube can be directly selected.
  • a fin structure is protruded from the outer surface of the main conductive portion.
  • the fins can improve the heat dissipation capability of the main conductive part.
  • the fin structures may be arranged on a partial outer surface of the main conductive portion, or may be distributed around the outer surface of the main conductive portion at intervals.
  • the fin structure and the main conductive part can be made of the same material, and are connected as a whole by welding.
  • the fin structure can also be integrally formed on the outer surface of the main conductive portion by machining.
  • the outer surface of the main conductive portion is provided with a heat-absorbing and heat-dissipating film, and the heat-absorbing and heat-dissipating film is used to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the main conductive portion.
  • the heat-absorbing and heat-dissipating film may be made of graphite.
  • the inlet portion includes a first end surface, a second end surface, and a side surface connected between the first end surface and the second end surface, and the first end surface and the second end surface may be square or A circle or any other shape, the side surface can be a cylindrical surface or a plurality of planes connected in sequence, and the outer contours of the first end surface and the second end surface can be the same.
  • the main conductive part is fixed to the side surface, a conductive joint is formed between the main conductive part and the first end surface, a liquid inlet pipe is formed between the main conductive part and the second end surface, and the inlet
  • the liquid pipe is provided with a liquid inlet channel, the liquid inlet channel communicates with the flow channel provided in the main conductive part and forms the liquid cooling channel together, and the inlet of the liquid cooling channel is located on the second end face.
  • the inlet part, the main conductive part and the outlet part can all be metal structures, and the inlet part and the main conductive part can be fixedly connected by welding.
  • the outlet portion can also be soldered to the main conductive portion. It can be understood that the welding connection method can be replaced by screw connection or crimping, which is not limited in this application, as long as the sealing connection between the liquid inlet channel and the flow channel of the main conductive part is ensured, and no liquid leakage occurs.
  • the conductive joint and the liquid inlet pipe are respectively located on both sides of the main conductive part.
  • the conductive joint and the liquid inlet pipe can be cylindrical structures with similar shapes.
  • the conductive joint and the liquid inlet pipe and one end of the main conductive part form a T-shaped structure.
  • the first end face is provided with a threaded hole, and the threaded hole is used to install a conductive sheet electrically connected to the first electronic device (eg, a motor controller).
  • the studs pass through the through holes on the conductive sheet and are fixed in the threaded holes.
  • the threaded hole and the liquid inlet channel are isolated and disconnected from each other, so that the cooling liquid will not enter the threaded hole, so as to ensure the reliability of the electrical connection between the conductive sheet and the conductive joint of the inlet portion.
  • one end opening of the liquid inlet channel is located on the second end face, and the other end opening of the liquid inlet channel is located on the side wall of the liquid inlet pipe, and is connected to the main conductive part. runner.
  • the inlet portion is a one-piece conductive structure, and the orientations of the first end surface and the second end surface are opposite.
  • This embodiment provides a specific structural form of the inlet portion.
  • the orientations of the first end face and the second end face are respectively used to match the installation position of the motor housing.
  • the liquid-cooled conductive structure is installed on the motor housing, and the first end face faces the motor.
  • the second end face faces the outside of the motor casing, the first end face is used to fix the conductive sheet electrically connected to the first electronic device (for example, the motor controller), and the second end face has an opening for the liquid inlet channel, which is An opening is located in the coolant passage in the motor housing so that the coolant in the coolant passage can enter the inlet passage through the opening.
  • the present application provides a liquid-cooled conductive structure, comprising an insulator and the conductive member described in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the insulator wrapping the periphery of the conductive member, so that the Conductive parts are insulated from other conductive parts.
  • the insulator is used to install the liquid-cooled conductive structure into the application environment, and the insulator can be an insulating material such as plastic or silicone.
  • the liquid-cooled conductive structure includes an insulator and at least two conductive members, and the insulator covers the at least two conductive members.
  • the main conductive parts of at least two of the conductive members are arranged side by side and coplanarly, the insulator includes a plate-shaped part, and the main conductive parts are embedded in the plate-shaped part.
  • the insulator coats the periphery of at least two conductive parts, which can make insulation intervals between adjacent conductive parts, and can also make insulation gaps between the conductive parts and the motor housing, so as to protect the conductive performance of conduction electricity.
  • the number of conducting parts is three, and the number of conducting parts is three.
  • the main conductive parts of the two conductive parts can be coplanarly arranged, so that the plate-shaped part covering the main conductive parts has a flat structure, which is convenient for installation to the motor casing.
  • the material of the insulator may be a flexible insulating material, such as silica gel, so that the position of each of the conductive parts can be adjusted during the installation of the liquid-cooled conductive structure to the motor.
  • a flexible insulating material such as silica gel
  • part of the insulator connected between the conductive parts can be deformed, so that when the liquid-cooled conductive structure is installed on the motor casing, it can match various installation environments, such as the mounting surface on the casing. Uneven, because the insulator can be deformed, the insulator can also fit well with the installation surface.
  • the configuration of the insulator of flexible materials can also provide a buffer in the process of vibration in the environment, which can absorb the motor's vibration. Vibration to ensure smooth operation of electric vehicles.
  • a shielding member is arranged on the periphery of the outlet portion of each of the conducting members, and the outlet of the flow channel is located between the outlet portion and the shielding member.
  • the shield is made of insulating material, which can insulate and isolate the adjacent outlet parts between adjacent outlet parts, and can also block the cooling liquid, which has the function of reflecting the cooling liquid, so that after the cooling liquid is sprayed, it is more concentrated. Spray it to the outlet to improve the liquid cooling efficiency.
  • the outlet portion can be understood as the position of the electrical connection between the conductive member and the second electronic device.
  • the shutter includes a first plate and two second plates, one ends of the two second plates are respectively connected to opposite sides of the first plate, and the two An installation port is formed between the other ends of the second plate, and the position of the installation port is used to connect the joint of the stator winding of the motor to the outlet (ie, the electrical connection between the conducting member and the second electronic device).
  • the outlet of the flow channel is located between the first plate and the outlet portion.
  • the outlet part forms the liquid-cooled conductive structure and the wiring position of the stator winding of the motor.
  • the cooling liquid can flow directly to this wiring position after flowing out from the outlet, and the first and second plates can block the cooling liquid, not only It can prevent the cooling liquid from being sprayed to other positions, and can also reflect the cooling liquid sprayed on the shutter, and reflect it to the wiring position of the outlet to improve the cooling effect.
  • the first plate and the two second plates are both flat plates, and the two second plates are parallel to each other and both are perpendicular to the first plate.
  • the shutter may include an arc-shaped plate structure, for example, the first plate may be arc-shaped, or the second plate may be arc-shaped, or both the first plate and the second plate may be arc-shaped, and Together, they form a cambered reflective surface with the same curvature, and the cambered reflective surface faces the outlet.
  • the first board and the second board may be of a split structure, and there may be a gap between the first board and the second board, or they may be seamlessly butted.
  • the first board and the second board can also be a one-piece structure.
  • the present application provides a motor, including a motor housing, a stator, and the liquid-cooled conductive structure described in any possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the liquid-cooled conductive structure being mounted to the motor a housing, the liquid cooling channel is connected to a cooling liquid channel in the motor housing, the second electronic device is the stator, and the first electronic device is a motor controller.
  • a cooling liquid channel in the motor housing is provided with a filter structure. After the cooling liquid enters the motor, it enters the liquid passage through the filter structure and flows inside the conducting member.
  • the filter structure can filter out large particles of impurities in the cooling liquid and prevent the liquid-cooled conductive structure from being blocked.
  • the present application provides an electric vehicle powertrain, including a motor controller and the motor according to the third aspect, wherein the conductive joint of the liquid-cooled conductive structure is electrically connected to the motor controller.
  • the conductive connectors are connected to the motor controller via copper bars.
  • liquid-cooled conductive structure provided by the present application can also be applied to other power supply fields, such as inverters, power supply devices and other specific application scenarios.
  • Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the connection relationship between the various components of the motor drive system of the electric vehicle powertrain provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 2 is an architectural block diagram of a connection between a motor controller, a power battery, and a drive motor in an electric vehicle powertrain provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a conductive member in one direction of a liquid-cooled conductive structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of another direction of the conductive member in the liquid-cooled conductive structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a main conductive portion in a conductive member in a liquid-cooled conductive structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the main conductive portion shown in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a main conductive portion in a conductive member in a liquid-cooled conductive structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the main conductive portion shown in FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a cross-section of a main conductive portion in a conducting member in a liquid-cooled conductive structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a cross-section of a main conductive portion in a conducting member in a liquid-cooled conductive structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a cross-section of a main conductive portion in a conductive member in a liquid-cooled conductive structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a main conductive portion in a conductive member in a liquid-cooled conductive structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a cross-section of a main conductive portion in a conducting member in a liquid-cooled conductive structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a cross-section of a main conductive portion in a conductive member in a liquid-cooled conductive structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • 15 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of three conductive members in a liquid-cooled conductive structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic perspective view of a liquid-cooled conductive structure provided in an embodiment of the present application in one direction;
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic perspective view of another direction of the liquid-cooled conductive structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic perspective view of another direction of the liquid-cooled conductive structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid-cooled conductive structure provided in an embodiment of the present application in one direction;
  • 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid-cooled conductive structure provided in an embodiment of the present application in another direction;
  • 21 is a schematic perspective view of a motor connected to a motor controller provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 22 is a schematic perspective view of a motor connected to a motor controller according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein an internal circuit board and an electrical connection structure of the motor controller are shown;
  • FIG. 23 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a motor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 24 is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a motor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a conductive member and a liquid-cooled conductive structure, which are applied in an electric vehicle and are connected between a motor controller and a driving motor on the electric vehicle, so as to realize a conductive connection between the motor controller and the driving motor , It also has the function of liquid cooling and heat dissipation.
  • the liquid-cooled conductive structure can introduce cooling liquid, and the liquid-cooled heat conduction structure has the function of heat dissipation. It can also spray and cool the stator wiring position of the drive motor and lubricate the bearings.
  • the liquid-cooled conductive structure provided by the present application can also be applied to other power supply fields, such as inverters, power supply devices and other specific application scenarios. It can be understood that the liquid-cooled conductive structure provided in the present application is electrically connected between the first electronic device and the second electronic device, and has the functions of conducting electricity and dissipating heat.
  • electric vehicles can be: battery electric vehicles (BEV, Battery Electric Vehicle), hybrid electric vehicles (HEV, Hybrid Electric Vehicle) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV, Plug In Hybrid Electric Vehicle).
  • BEV Battery Electric Vehicle
  • HEV Hybrid Electric Vehicle
  • PHEV Plug In Hybrid Electric Vehicle
  • a battery electric vehicle is taken as an example to describe the structure of the electric vehicle.
  • an electric vehicle 1000 specifically includes a motor drive system 100 for driving the vehicle, a vehicle-mounted energy system 200 for providing energy, and an auxiliary system 300 .
  • the motor drive system 100 includes a vehicle controller 110 , a motor controller 120 , a drive motor 130 , a transmission 140 and wheels 150 .
  • the vehicle energy system 200 includes a power battery 210 , a battery management system 220 and a charger 230 .
  • Vehicle Control Unit 110 also called powertrain controller
  • VCU Vehicle Control Unit 110
  • powertrain controller is the core control component of the entire car, equivalent to the brain of the car. It collects accelerator pedal signals, brake pedal signals and other component signals, and after making corresponding judgments, controls the actions of the lower-level component controllers to drive the car to drive normally.
  • the main functions of the vehicle controller include: driving torque control, optimal control of braking energy, energy management of the vehicle, maintenance and management of CAN (Controller Area Network) network, fault detection Diagnosis and processing, vehicle status monitoring, etc., it plays a role in controlling the operation of the vehicle. Therefore, the quality of the vehicle controller directly determines the stability and safety of the vehicle.
  • CAN Controller Area Network
  • the motor controller 120 is an integrated circuit that controls the driving motor 130 to work according to the set direction, speed, angle, and response time by actively working, and is connected to the vehicle controller 130 in communication.
  • the function of the motor controller 120 is to convert the electrical energy stored in the power battery 210 into electrical energy required to drive the motor 130 according to the gear, accelerator, brake and other commands, so as to control the start-up, operation, and operation of the electric vehicle 1000 .
  • Driving states such as advancing and retreating speed, climbing strength, etc., may help the electric vehicle 1000 to brake, and store part of the braking energy in the power battery 210 .
  • the drive motor 130 (commonly referred to as a motor, a motor) refers to an electromagnetic device that realizes electric energy conversion or transmission according to the law of electromagnetic induction, and is electrically connected to the motor controller 120 and mechanically connected to the transmission device 140 . Its main function is to generate driving torque as a power source for the wheels 150 .
  • the drive motor 130 may also convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, ie, act as a generator.
  • the driving motor 130 may be, but not limited to, a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM, Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor) type motor.
  • PMSM Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor
  • the drive motor 130 includes a stator and a rotor, where the stator includes stator windings.
  • the rotor is rotatable relative to the stator about a central axis.
  • the drive motor 130 may be controlled by flowing a common sinusoidal current through the stator windings. The magnitude and frequency of the current can be varied to control the torque and speed of the rotor.
  • the stator currents generate an electromagnetic field that interacts with the permanent magnets that are components of the rotor. The electromagnetic field causes the rotor to rotate.
  • the drive motor 130 may be a three-phase motor. That is, the stator windings may include three separate phase windings.
  • the stator windings may include three separate phase windings.
  • three-phase voltage waves or three-phase current waves are applied to the phase windings.
  • the three-phase wave causes the signals of each phase to be separated by a phase difference of 120 degrees.
  • the transmission device 140 is also mechanically connected with the wheels 150 for transmitting the power source generated by the driving motor 130 to the wheels 150 to drive the electric vehicle 1000 to travel.
  • the transmission 140 may include a drive shaft (not shown) connected between the two wheels 150 and a differential (not shown) disposed on the drive shaft.
  • the power battery 210 is electrically connected to the motor controller 120 for storing and providing electrical energy.
  • the power battery 210 may be, but not limited to, a lead-acid battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, a nickel-cadmium battery, and the like. In some embodiments, the power battery 210 may also be a super capacitor.
  • the battery management system 220 is electrically connected with the power battery 210 and is connected in communication with the vehicle controller 110 .
  • the battery management system 220 is used for monitoring and estimating the state of the power battery 210 under different working conditions, so as to improve the utilization rate of the power battery 210 and prevent the power battery 210 from overcharging and overdischarging, thereby prolonging the service life of the power battery 210 .
  • the main functions of the battery management system 220 may include: real-time monitoring of battery physical parameters; battery state estimation; online diagnosis and early warning; charge, discharge and pre-charge control; balance management and thermal management.
  • the charger 230 is electrically connected to the power battery 210 for connecting with an external power source to charge the power battery 210 . Specifically, when the electric vehicle 1000 is connected to an external power source (eg, a charging pile), the charger 230 converts the alternating current provided by the external power source into direct current to charge the power battery 219 . In addition, the battery management system 220 is also connected with the charger 230 to monitor the charging process of the power battery 210 .
  • an external power source eg, a charging pile
  • the auxiliary system 300 includes a DC/DC converter 310 , an auxiliary battery 320 , a low voltage load 330 and a high voltage load 340 .
  • One end of the DC/DC converter 310 is connected to the power battery 210 , and the other end is connected to the auxiliary battery 320 and the low-voltage load 330 respectively.
  • the DC/DC converter 310 is used to convert the high voltage (eg, 380V) output by the power battery 210 into a low voltage (eg, 12V) and then charge the auxiliary battery 320 and supply power to the low-voltage load 330 .
  • low pressure loads 330 include low pressure automotive accessories such as cooling pumps, fans, heaters, power steering, brakes, and the like.
  • the auxiliary battery 320 can also supply power to the low-voltage load 330 .
  • the power battery 210 is also connected to the high-voltage load 340 to supply power to the high-voltage load 340 .
  • high voltage loads 340 include PTC heaters and air conditioning units, among others.
  • the electronic modules in electric vehicle 1000 may communicate via one or more vehicle networks.
  • the vehicle network may include multiple channels for communication.
  • One channel of the vehicle network may be a serial bus such as a Controller Area Network (CAN).
  • One of the channels of the vehicle network may include Ethernet as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802 family of standards.
  • Other channels of the vehicle network may include discrete connections between modules, and may include power signals from auxiliary battery 130 . Different signals can be transmitted over different channels of the vehicle network.
  • video signals may be transmitted over a high-speed channel (eg, Ethernet), while control signals may be transmitted over CAN or discrete signals.
  • the vehicle network may include any hardware and software components that assist in transferring signals and data between modules.
  • the vehicle network is not shown in FIG. 1 , but it may be implied that the vehicle network may be connected to any electronic module present in the electric vehicle 1000 .
  • a vehicle controller 110 may be present to coordinate the operation of the various components.
  • the structures illustrated in the embodiments of the present application do not constitute a specific limitation on the electric vehicle 1000 .
  • the electric vehicle 1000 may include more or less components than the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , or combine some components, or separate some components, or different component arrangements.
  • each component may be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.
  • the motor controller 120 includes an inverter circuit 120a and a motor angle detection and diagnosis device 120b.
  • the input end of the inverter circuit 120 a is connected to the power battery 210 , and the output end of the inverter circuit 120 a is connected to the drive motor 130 .
  • the inverter circuit 120a is used to convert the high-voltage direct current output from the power battery 210 into alternating current (eg, three-phase alternating current) for the driving motor 130 to work.
  • the motor angle detection and diagnosis device 120b can be connected to the drive motor 130 through a resolver/transformer 160 to decode the resolver feedback signal output by the resolver 160 to obtain the electrical angle of the drive motor 130 .
  • the resolver 160 is a sensor that accurately measures the angular position and speed of a rotating component such as a motor through the magnetic coupling of the primary winding and the two secondary windings.
  • the primary winding and two orthogonal secondary windings are respectively installed on the rotor and stator of the motor, and the excitation signal applied to the primary winding is coupled to the sine resolver feedback signal and the cosine resolver feedback signal in the two secondary windings respectively.
  • the sine resolver feedback signal and the cosine resolver feedback signal may be collectively referred to as resolver feedback signals.
  • resolver feedback signals After demodulating and converting the sine resolver feedback signal and the cosine resolver feedback signal, the angular position and rotational speed information of the motor rotor can be obtained.
  • the structures illustrated in the embodiments of the present application do not constitute a specific limitation on the motor controller 120 .
  • the motor controller 120 may include more components than the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 , such as auxiliary power circuits, charging circuits, voltage/current detection circuits, and the like.
  • the motor angle detection and diagnosis device 120b may also be directly connected to the drive motor 130 .
  • resolver 160 is integrated inside motor controller 120 .
  • the motor controller 120 is provided with a three-phase (or two-phase) output interface, and the driving motor 130 is connected to the output interface of the motor controller 120 through the liquid-cooled conductive structure provided in the present application.
  • the liquid-cooled conductive structure provided by the present application can realize three-phase current (two-phase current) between the motor controller (to simplify the description, hereinafter referred to as MCU) and the drive motor (to simplify the description, hereinafter referred to as the motor). transmission. It can also be connected between other electronic devices to achieve electrical connection between electronic devices (possibly to realize current transmission of a single phase) and heat dissipation.
  • the conductive member is the core element of the liquid-cooled conductive structure, and the conductive member itself can also be used as an electrical connection between two electronic devices alone to achieve liquid-cooled heat dissipation.
  • the number of conductive parts can be one to realize electrical transmission between two electronic devices; the number of conductive parts can be two to realize the conduction of two-phase current; the number of conductive parts can also be three to realize the transmission of three-phase current. Conduction.
  • the conductive member is a conductive material, and the specific material can be a metal material, such as copper, aluminum, silver, etc., with solderability.
  • the conductive part is electrically connected between the first electronic device and the second electronic device.
  • the conductive part is provided with a liquid cooling channel, and the liquid cooling channel is provided with an inlet and an outlet, so that the cooling liquid enters the liquid cooling channel from the inlet and flows out from the outlet.
  • the position of the conductive member is adjacent to the electrical connection between the conductive member and the second electronic device, so that the cooling liquid flowing out from the outlet can perform liquid cooling and heat dissipation on the electrical connection between the conductive member and the second electronic device. Specifically, liquid cooling is performed by spraying. heat dissipation.
  • the specific structure of the conducting member is as follows.
  • the conducting member 11 includes an inlet portion 111 , an outlet portion 112 and a main conductive portion 113 .
  • the inlet of the liquid cooling channel is arranged at the inlet portion 111
  • the outlet of the liquid cooling channel is arranged at one end of the main conductive portion 113 connected to the outlet portion 112 .
  • the main conductive portion 113 has a hollow tubular structure, and two ends of the main conductive portion 113 are respectively fixed to the inlet portion 111 and the outlet portion 112 .
  • the conducting member 11 is provided with a channel for the cooling liquid to flow through.
  • the cooling liquid enters the conducting member 11 from the inlet portion 111, flows through the main conductive portion 113, and flows out from the end of the main conductive portion 113 away from the inlet portion 111, and the spray outlet Section 112.
  • the fixed connection between the main conductive part 113 and the inlet part 111 and the outlet part 112 can be realized by welding, and the welding connection can be replaced by screw connection or crimping as a whole.
  • the main conductive portion 113 and the inlet portion 111 (and/or the outlet portion 112 ) may also be formed integrally by pressing.
  • the present application does not limit the specific fixed connection method between the main conductive portion 113 and the inlet portion 111 and the outlet portion 112, as long as the inlet connection is sealed to prevent liquid leakage.
  • the inlet part 111 includes a conductive joint 114 and a liquid inlet pipe 115.
  • the conductive joint 114 is used for electrical connection with the motor controller, the conductive joint 114 is used for installing a conductive sheet, and the conductive sheet is used for electrical connection with the interface of the motor controller.
  • the liquid inlet pipe 115 is provided with a liquid inlet channel 116 therein.
  • the outlet portion 112 is used to electrically connect the stator of the motor. Specifically, the lead wire of the stator winding of the motor is electrically connected to the outlet portion.
  • the main conductive part 113 is electrically connected between the conductive joint 114 and the outlet part 112 , and a flow channel 117 is arranged in the main conductive part 113 (in FIG. 3 and FIG.
  • the dotted line in the main conductive part 113 indicates the flow channel ), the inlet of the flow channel 117 (where the main conductive part 113 and the inlet part 111 meet, not numbered) butt the liquid inlet channel 116, and the outlet 1171 of the flow channel 117 is adjacent to the outlet part 112, so that cooling The cooling liquid of the system can flow through the liquid inlet channel 116 and the flow channel 117 and spray the outlet portion 112 .
  • the inlet portion 111 is in the shape of a column as a whole and is an integral conductive structure.
  • the inlet portion 111 includes a first end surface S1, a second end surface S2, and a side surface S3 connected between the first end surface S1 and the second end surface S2.
  • the first end surface S1 and the second end surface S2 face oppositely, and the first end surface S1 and the second end surface S2 face oppositely.
  • the outer contours of S1 and the second end surface S2 may be the same, and may be square or circular or any other shape.
  • the first end surface S1 is provided with a threaded hole 1112, and the threaded hole 1112 is used to install a conductive sheet electrically connected to the motor controller.
  • the liquid inlet channel 116 is provided on the second end surface S2. Specifically, one end opening of the liquid inlet channel 116 is located on the second end surface S2, and the other end opening of the liquid inlet channel 116 is located on the side wall of the liquid inlet pipe 115 and is connected to each other.
  • the threaded hole 1112 and the liquid inlet channel 116 are isolated and disconnected from each other, so that the cooling liquid will not enter the threaded hole 1112 and ensure the reliability of the electrical connection between the conductive sheet and the conductive joint 114 of the inlet portion 111 .
  • the side surface S3 can be a cylindrical surface or a plurality of planes connected in sequence.
  • the main conductive portion 113 is fixed to the side surface S3, the conductive joint 114 is formed between the main conductive portion 113 and the first end surface S1, and the connection between the main conductive portion 113 and the second end surface S2 is formed.
  • the liquid inlet pipe 115 is formed between them.
  • the conductive joint 114 and the liquid inlet pipe 115 are located on both sides of the main conductive part 113 respectively.
  • the conductive joint 114 and the liquid inlet pipe 115 can be cylindrical structures with similar shapes.
  • the conductive joint 114 and the liquid inlet pipe 115 are formed with one end of the main conductive part 113 T-shaped structure.
  • a positioning portion 1142 is provided on the side of the conductive joint 114.
  • the positioning portion 1142 is a groove structure formed by removing part of the material on the cylindrical side.
  • the outer surface of the positioning portion 1142 is a polygonal cylinder.
  • the positioning portion 1142 can be The hexagonal structure may also be a knurled structure or a circular ring structure.
  • the positioning portion 1142 is mainly used to increase the connection strength between the inlet portion 111 of the conductive member 11 and the injection molded part covering the periphery of the conductive member 11.
  • the positioning portion 114 can also have a function of preventing the rotation of the inlet portion.
  • the main conductive portion 113 is tubular, and can be bent and extended according to the space of a specific application environment, and the main conductive portion 113 can include an arc-shaped segment and a straight-shaped segment.
  • the main conductive portion 113 of the present application is easier to bend due to the internal flow channel 117 .
  • the inner wall of the flow channel 117 of the main conductive portion 113 is a smooth surface, and the cross section of the flow channel 117 can be any shape such as a circle, a square, an ellipse, and the like.
  • the smooth-surfaced flow channel 117 is easy to manufacture, has the advantage of low cost, and can directly use standard pipe fittings, for example, directly use copper pipe.
  • the inner wall of the flow channel 117 of the main conductive portion 113 is provided with a convex tooth structure 1172 , and the design of the convex tooth structure 1172 allows cooling
  • the contact area between the liquid and the main conductive portion 113 is increased, which is beneficial to increase the heat exchange area.
  • FIG. 5 schematically depicts part of the main conductive portion 113. For the convenience of marking the toothed structure 1172, in FIG.
  • the annular tube wall of the main conductive portion 113 and the toothed structure 1172 are represented by cross-section lines in different directions, only In order to distinguish the annular tube wall from the tooth-like structure 1172 , in fact, the tooth-like structure 1172 may be an integral structure with the annular tube wall of the main conductive portion 113 .
  • the number of the inwardly convex tooth-like structures 1172 on the inner wall of the flow channel 117 of the main conductive portion 113 may be one, two or more. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , the number of the inner convex tooth-like structure 1172 is one. Referring to FIGS.
  • the inwardly convex tooth-like structure 1172 extends from an end near the inlet 111 of the flow channel 17 of the main conductive portion 113 to an end near the outlet 112 , and the main conductive portion 113 Including a central axis C, the central axis C extends from the inlet portion 111 to the outlet portion 112, the number of the inner convex tooth-like structures 1172 is two, and they are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the central axis C. When there are three or more protruding tooth-like structures 1172 , their distribution can be circumferentially distributed at equal intervals. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 , four are provided on the inner wall of the flow channel 117 of the main conductive portion 113 . The inwardly convex tooth-like structures 1172 are arranged on the inner wall opposite to each other at equal intervals.
  • the flow channel 117 of the main conductive part 113 may include at least two parallel sub-flow channels 1174 , and each of the sub-flow channels 1174 is isolated from each other and is connected from the flow channel 117 .
  • the inlet extends to the outlet of the flow channel 117, and the cross-sectional shape of each sub-flow channel 1174 can be any shape such as a circle, a semi-circle, a square, or the like.
  • two sub-channels 1174 are arranged in the main conductive part 113 , the two sub-channels 1174 are both semicircular, and there is a partition wall between the two semi-circular sub-channels 1174 .
  • the outer wall of the main conductive portion 113 can be integrally formed and made of the same material.
  • a plurality of sub-channels 1174 are provided in the main conductive part 113 , and the cross-sectional dimensions of the plurality of sub-channels 1174 may be the same, for example, all of them are circular, or all of them are any arbitrary shape such as oval, square, triangle, etc. shape.
  • the plurality of sub-flow channels 1174 may be arranged in a honeycomb or array arrangement, and the arrangement of the plurality of sub-flow channels 1174 may be regular or irregular, which is not limited in this application.
  • the arrangement of the sub-flow channel 1174 can also increase the contact area between the cooling liquid and the main conductive part, which is beneficial to increase the heat exchange area.
  • the number of sub-flow channels 1174 can be two or more, and the cooling liquid is branched from the liquid inlet channel 116 of the inlet portion 111 to each sub-flow channel 1174.
  • the arrangement of the sub-flow channels 1174 makes the structure of the main conductive portion 113 It becomes complicated, but one coolant can be divided into multiple bundles of coolant, similar to the difference between a faucet and a shower, each sub-channel 1174 forms the structure of the shower nozzle at the position of the outlet 112, which can expand the spray area. Conducive to provide liquid cooling effect.
  • the outer surface 1131 of the main conductive portion 113 is a smooth surface, and the cross-section of the outer surface 1131 of the main conductive portion 113 may be circular, square, or oval. , polygons, etc.
  • the main conductive portion 113 with the smooth outer surface 1131 has a simple structure and is easy to select materials, for example, a copper tube or a tubular structure such as a square tube can be directly selected.
  • a fin structure 1132 is protruded from the outer surface 1131 of the main conductive portion 113 .
  • the fin structure 1132 can improve the heat dissipation capability of the main conductive portion 113 .
  • the fin structures 1132 may be disposed on a partial outer surface of the main conductive portion 113 , or may be distributed around at intervals and surround the outer surface 1131 of the main conductive portion 113 .
  • the fin structure 1132 and the main conductive portion 113 can be made of the same material, and are connected as a whole by welding.
  • the fin structure 1132 can also be integrally formed on the outer surface 1131 of the main conductive portion 113 by machining.
  • the outer surface 1131 of the main conductive portion 113 is provided with a heat-absorbing and heat-dissipating film 1133 , and the heat-absorbing and heat-dissipating film 1133 is used to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the main conductive portion 113 .
  • the heat-absorbing and heat-dissipating film may be made of graphite.
  • the fin structure 1132 disposed on the outer surface 1131 of the main conductive portion 113 and the tooth-like structure 1172 disposed on the inner wall of the flow channel 117 can be simultaneously applied in a specific embodiment;
  • the fin structures 1132 on the outer surface 1131 can also be applied in the same specific embodiment as the arrangement of the at least two sub-flow channels 1174 ; in another embodiment, the tooth-like structures 1172 arranged on the inner wall of the flow channels 117 can also be used It is arranged on the inner wall of each sub-channel 1174 .
  • the heat-absorbing and heat-dissipating film 1133 disposed on the outer surface of the main conductive portion 113 can be applied simultaneously with the tooth-like structure 1172 disposed on the inner wall of the flow channel 117 in a specific embodiment, or it can be used with the arrangement of at least two sub-flow channels 1174. applied in the same specific implementation.
  • a heat-absorbing and heat-dissipating film structure may also be provided on the outer surface of the fin structure 1132 on the outer surface 1131 of the main conductive portion 113 .
  • the outlet portion 112 includes a mounting plate 1121 .
  • the mounting plate 1121 is welded to the periphery of one end 1134 of the main conductive portion 113 and is electrically connected to the main conductive portion 113 .
  • One end 1134 of the main conductive part 113 is in the shape of an elbow, so that the outlet section of the flow channel 117 in the main conductive part 113 is bent and extended to change the direction of the outlet of the flow channel 117 so that the outlet of the flow channel 117 faces the mounting hole of the mounting plate 1121 1122 location.
  • the mounting holes 1122 provided on the mounting plate 1121 are in the shape of through holes.
  • the mounting plate 1121 includes a first surface 1123 and a second surface 1124 disposed opposite to each other, the mounting hole 1122 penetrates the first surface 1123 and the second surface 1124, and the first surface 1123 is used for setting the motor stator winding or the connection electrically connected to the motor stator winding
  • the second surface 1123 is connected to a nut 1125, the nut 1125 is arranged around the mounting hole 1122, the nut 1125 is matched with the bolt or stud passing through the mounting plate 1121, and is used to fix the motor stator winding or electrically connect the connection wire of the motor stator winding.
  • the nut 1125 here can also be other fasteners, such as a columnar structure with threaded holes, and the threaded holes in the columnar structure are used to cooperate with bolts or studs to fix the stator windings of the motor or electrically connect to the Connection wires for electronic windings.
  • the main conducting portion 113 includes an end portion 1135 in the shape of an elbow, the outlet portion 112 is connected to the end portion 1135 , and the elbow-shaped arrangement of the end portion 1135 makes the outlet of the flow channel 117 in the main conducting portion 113 face the outlet portion 112 the location of the mounting hole 1122. It can be understood that the outlet of the flow channel 117 is arranged to face the outlet portion 112 , so that the cooling liquid flows out from the outlet of the main conductive portion 113 and sprays directly at the outlet portion 112 , thereby improving the liquid cooling efficiency of the outlet portion 112 .
  • the direction of the outlet of the flow channel 117 may not be facing the outlet portion 112, for example, it is sprayed toward other objects (which can be a retaining wall extending on the housing of the motor), and reflected to the outlet portion through other objects, in other words. , the cooling liquid is sprayed from the outlet of the flow channel, and can be reflected to the outlet.
  • a shield can be set on the periphery of the outlet to reflect the cooling liquid, or use part of the structure of the motor housing to Reflect coolant.
  • the outlet of the flow channel 117 may be sprayed at a certain angle relative to the direction of the outlet, and the direction of the inclined spray may be directed toward the position of the lead wire of the motor winding, that is, the cooling liquid may not be sprayed directly.
  • the connection position of the motor winding lead wire and the product part 112 can also be sprayed toward the middle of the motor winding lead wire.
  • the end of the motor winding lead wire is fixed on the mounting plate 1121 of the outlet part 112.
  • the middle part of the motor winding lead wire refers to the The portion of the wiring that protrudes from the motor winding does not extend to the end portion.
  • the mounting plate 1121 is provided with a notch 1126.
  • the notch 1126 is concavely formed on one edge of the mounting plate 1121.
  • the notch 1126 can be rectangular or arc-shaped. match.
  • One end 1135 of the main conductive portion 113 extends into the gap 1126 to achieve the positioning between the mounting plate 1121 and the main conductive portion 112, and then the inner wall of the gap 1126 and the outer surface of one end 1135 of the main conductive portion 113 are welded by welding. It can also be fixed by dispensing (conductive glue).
  • the inlet portion 111 of the conducting member 11 is electrically connected to the motor controller, and the outlet portion 112 is electrically connected to the motor, so that the electrical conduction function between the motor controller and the motor is realized.
  • the channel 116 and the flow channel 117 allow the liquid-cooled conductive structure to flow through the liquid inlet channel 116 and the flow channel 117 through the cooling liquid while realizing the conductive function, and spray the outlet, that is, the joint connecting the outlet 112 to the motor Location for liquid cooling.
  • This cooling liquid is the cooling liquid of the cooling system of the powertrain of the electric vehicle.
  • the cooling liquid After passing through the reducer in the electric vehicle, the cooling liquid enters the motor, and can flow into the flow channel 117 of the main conductive part 113 through the liquid inlet channel 116, and the spray outlet After part 112, it is returned to the cooling system through the pipeline in the motor to form a liquid cooling cycle, which can continuously dissipate heat.
  • the conducting member 11 Due to the arrangement of the liquid inlet channel 116 and the flow channel 117 inside the conducting member 11, the conducting member 11 is hollow. During the conduction process, the current density can be increased. The high current density makes the liquid-cooled conductive structure have good conductivity.
  • a liquid-cooled conductive structure provided by an embodiment of the present application includes three conductive members 11 , and the three conductive members 11 are arranged side by side at intervals for transmitting three-phase current.
  • the specific structure of each conducting member 11 is as described above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the conducting member 11 provided by various embodiments is described above.
  • the three conducting members 11 included in the liquid-cooled conductive structure may be the conducting members provided by the same embodiment. 11, that is, the structure of the three conducting parts 11 can be the same, of course, the three conducting parts 11 should also be the conducting parts 11 provided in different embodiments, that is, the structures of the three conducting parts 11 may not be exactly the same, only if they all have the function of conducting electricity.
  • a liquid inlet channel and a flow channel are provided inside, so that the cooling liquid can flow through and spray the outlet part, and the technical problem to be solved by the present application can be realized.
  • the present application provides a liquid-cooled conductive structure including an insulator, and the insulator covers the periphery of the conductive member. Specifically, the insulator covers the inlet portion, but it is necessary to protect the opening position of the liquid inlet pipe 115 of the inlet portion 111 and the opening position of the liquid inlet channel 116 and the conductive joint The threaded holes 1112 of the The first surface 1123 of the mounting plate 1121 is exposed.
  • the role of the insulator is to protect the conductive parts, to insulate the conductive parts from other conductive elements, and to install liquid-cooled conductive structures.
  • the shape and size of the insulator can be matched with the installation environment of the liquid-cooled conductive structure, and it can be flat or cambered.
  • the motor casing is usually a metal shell, and the conducting member cannot be directly connected to the casing.
  • the insulator can be made of plastic material, the conductive part can be made of metal material, the conductive part can be installed inside the insulator, or it can be formed inside the insulator by an integral molding process, such as in-mold injection process, the conductive part is transferred into the mold as an insert, The plastic material is formed on the periphery of the conductive member by the injection molding process to form an insulator.
  • FIG. 16 , FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 it is a schematic diagram of three different directions of the liquid-cooled conductive structure 10 with the insulator 12 , respectively.
  • the insulator 12 includes a first part 121, a second part 122 and a main body part 123 connected between them.
  • the first part 121 is wrapped around the inlet part 111, and the opening position of the liquid inlet channel 116 of the liquid inlet pipe 115 and the conductive joint
  • the screw holes 1112 of 114 are exposed from opposite ends of the first part 121 .
  • the second part 122 covers part of the outlet part 112 so that the first surface 1123 of the mounting plate 1121 of the outlet part 112 is exposed, and the second part 122 covers the nut 1125 of the outlet part 112 inside.
  • the main body portion 123 includes a main conductive portion 113 , and the outlet 1171 of the flow channel 117 of the main conductive portion 113 is exposed (as shown in FIG. 16 ).
  • the main conductive parts 113 are coplanar, and the main body 123 has a flat-plate structure. Such a structure makes the liquid-cooled conductive structure easy to install to the motor casing.
  • the material of the insulator 12 may be a flexible insulating material, such as silica gel.
  • the insulator 12 covers the three conductive parts 11 , part of the insulator 12 connected between the conductive parts 11 is flexible and can be deformed. , so that when the liquid-cooled conductive structure 10 is installed on the motor casing, it can match various installation environments. For example, the installation surface on the casing is not flat. Since the insulator 12 can be deformed, the insulator 12 can also fit well with the installation surface. , In addition to the advantages of easy installation, the configuration of the insulator 12 of the flexible material can also provide buffering in the process of vibration in the environment, which can absorb the vibration of the motor and ensure the smooth operation of the electric vehicle.
  • the edge position of the insulator 12 includes the fixing portions 124 .
  • the number of the fixing portions 124 is three.
  • Each fixing portion 124 is provided with a fixing hole 1242 .
  • the fixing holes 1242 are used for fixing the liquid injection cooling conductive structure 10 to the casing of the motor in cooperation with screws.
  • a shielding member 125 is provided on the periphery of the outlet portion 112 of each of the conducting members 11 , and the outlet 1171 of the flow channel 117 is located between the outlet portion 112 and the shielding member 125 .
  • the shielding member 125 is made of insulating material, such as a plastic plate, which can insulate and isolate the adjacent outlet portions 112 between adjacent outlet portions 112, and can also block the cooling liquid, which has the function of reflecting the cooling liquid, so that the cooling liquid After spraying, it is more concentrated and sprayed to the outlet part 112 to improve the liquid cooling efficiency.
  • the shutter 125 includes a first plate 1251 and two second plates 1252 and 1253. One ends of the two second plates 1252 and 1253 are respectively connected to opposite sides of the first plate 1251. A mounting port is formed between the other ends of the second plates 1252 and 1253 (that is, the side of the outlet 112 away from the outlet 1171 of the flow channel 117 ). .
  • the first plate 1251 and the two second plates 1252 and 1253 are both flat plates, and the two second plates 1252 and 1253 are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the first plate 1251 .
  • the first plate 1251 may be arc-shaped, or the second plates 1252, 1253 may be arc-shaped, or both the first plate 1251 and the second plate 1252, 1253 are arc-shaped, and together form the same curvature
  • the cambered reflective surface faces the outlet portion 112 .
  • the first board 1251 and the second boards 1252 and 1253 may be of a split structure, and there may be gaps between the first board 1251 and the second boards 1252 and 1253, or they may be seamlessly butted.
  • the first board 1251 and the second boards 1252 and 1253 can also be constructed in one piece.
  • the outlet 1171 of the flow channel 117 is located between the first plate 1251 and the outlet portion 112 .
  • the outlet 112 forms the connection position of the liquid-cooled conductive structure and the stator winding of the motor. Due to the shielding of the first plate 1251, the cooling liquid can flow directly to this connection position after flowing out of the outlet, and the first plate 1251 and the second plate 1252, 1253 The cooling liquid can be shielded, which not only prevents the cooling liquid from being sprayed to other positions, but also reflects the cooling liquid sprayed on the shielding member 125 to the wiring position of the outlet portion 112 to improve the cooling effect.
  • FIGS. 19 and 20 are cross-sectional views of the liquid-cooled conductive structure 10 with the insulator 12 .
  • the first portion 121 of the insulator 12 covers the side surface of the conductive joint 114 of the inlet portion 111 , but does not cover the first end surface S1 , so that the first end surface S1 is reserved as an interface for electrical connection.
  • the first part 121 covers the side surface and the second end S2 of the liquid inlet pipe 115, but the first part 121 is provided with an opening 1211.
  • the liquid inlet channel 116 of the liquid inlet pipe 115 can communicate with the outside world, and the cooling liquid can pass through the opening 1211. into the liquid inlet channel 116 . It can be seen from FIG.
  • the motor 130 provided by the present application includes a motor housing 1301 , a stator (the stator is shielded by the motor housing 1301 in FIG. 21 , not shown) and a liquid-cooled conductive structure 10 . It can be understood that the stator and the rotor are arranged in the motor housing 1301, the stator is arranged on the periphery of the rotor, and the electronic housing is arranged around the stator.
  • the electric vehicle powertrain provided in the present application includes a motor controller 120 and a motor 130 , and the conductive joint 114 of the liquid-cooled conductive structure 10 is electrically connected to the motor controller 124 through a conductive sheet 1201 .
  • the conductive sheet 1201 may be a copper bar or other types of transmission lines.
  • the motor controller 120 is provided with a circuit board 1202 on which circuit structures such as an inverter circuit, a motor angle detection and diagnosis circuit can be set, and a three-phase output interface 1203 is also set on the circuit board 1202 , and the conductive sheet 1201 is fixed Connected to the three-phase output interface 1203 .
  • FIG. 23 is a partial cross-sectional view of the motor 130, showing the positions of the cooling liquid channel 13011 in the motor housing 1301 and the inlet part of the liquid-cooled conductive structure 10 (specifically including the conductive joint 114 and the liquid inlet pipe 115). relation.
  • the cooling liquid channel 13011 communicates with the liquid inlet channel 116 in the liquid inlet pipe 115 of the liquid-cooled conductive structure 10.
  • the arrow in the cooling liquid channel 13011 in FIG. 23 indicates the flow direction of the cooling liquid.
  • the cooling liquid channel 13011 in the motor housing 1301 is provided with a filter structure F. After the cooling liquid enters the motor housing 1301 , it enters the liquid inlet pipe 115 through the filter structure F and flows in the liquid-cooled conductive structure 10 .
  • the filter structure F can filter out large particles of impurities in the cooling liquid to prevent the liquid-cooled conductive structure 10 from being blocked.
  • the position of the filter structure F can be set at the inlet position of the cooling liquid channel 13011 of the motor housing 1301 , or can be set inside the cooling liquid channel 13011 , as long as it is located upstream of each liquid inlet channel 116 .
  • FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view of the motor 130 , showing the flow channel 117 , the outlet 112 , the motor stator winding 1303 , the winding connecting wire 1304 , and the motor housing 1301 in the main conductive portion 113 of the liquid-cooled conductive structure 10 .
  • the coolant inside flows out of channel 13012.
  • the liquid-cooled conductive structure 10 is located at the top of the motor housing 1301, and the cooling liquid outflow channel 13012 is located at the bottom of the motor housing.
  • the electronic stator winding 1303 is connected to the outlet 112 through the winding connecting wire 1304, and the cooling liquid sprays the connection position between the winding connecting wire 1304 and the outlet 112, and liquid-cools the stator winding for heat dissipation.
  • the sprayed cooling liquid flows from the motor housing 1301 to the cooling liquid outflow channel 13012, and the cooling liquid outflow channel 13012 communicates with the liquid cooling system of the electric vehicle to form a circulating flow of the cooling liquid.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种传导件（11）、液冷导电结构（10）、电机（130）及电动汽车（1000）动力总成。传导件（11）电连接在第一电子设备和第二电子设备之间，传导件（11）内设液冷通道，液冷通道设有入口(111)和出口（112），以使冷却液从入口(111)进入液冷通道及从出口（112）流出，出口（112）邻近传导件（11）与第二电子设备的电连接处，以使冷却液对传导件（11）与第二电子设备的电连接处进行液冷散热。这一传导件（11）兼备导电及液冷散热的功能。

Description

传导件、液冷导电结构、电机及电动汽车动力总成 技术领域
本申请涉及电动汽车动力总成技术领域，特别涉及一种传导件、液冷导电结构及具有该液冷导电结构的电机。
背景技术
随着电动汽车的发展，其动力总成小型化需求日益提升。电机和电机控制器(MCU，Motor Control Unit)为电动汽车动力总成的关键部件，如何将其设计为小型化，且具备较好的散热性能为业界所努力攻克的难题。现有技术中的电机和MCU之间通过金属连接件实现导电连接，电机工作过程中，金属连接件也会发热，通常通过金属连接件的自然冷却的方式实现散热，但此种方案散热能力低，影响动力总成的稳定性及寿命。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种传导件，具导电性能，且具散热能力。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种传导件，具有导电功能，电连接在第一电子设备和第二电子设备之间，可以在第一电子设备和第二电子设备之间实现电流传输，例如在电机控制器和电机之间实现电流传输，传导件还具有液冷散热功能。所述传导件内设液冷通道，所述液冷通道设有入口和出口，以使冷却液从所述入口进入所述液冷通道及从所述出口流出，所述出口邻近所述传导件与所述第二电子设备的电连接处，以使所述冷却液对所述传导件与所述第二电子设备的电连接处进行液冷散热。
本申请提供的传导件不但能实现第一电子设备和第二电子设备之间的导电功能，而且通过在其内部设置的液冷通道，使得传导件在实现导电功能的同时，可以通过冷却液流经液冷通道，并从出口处流出对传导件和第二电子设备的电连接处进行液冷散热。当传导件应用在电动汽车动力总成中时，其电连接在电机控制器和电机定子之间，此状况下，冷却液为电动汽车动力总成的冷却***的冷却液，冷却液经过减速器后，进入电机，可以通过进液通道流进主导电部的流道，喷淋出口部后，再通过电机内的管路回流至冷却***，形成液冷循环，可以持续散热。
本申请提供的传导件，由于其内部的液冷通道的设置，使得传导件呈中空状，在第一电子设备和第二电子设备之间进行导电的过程中，可以提高电流密度，电流密度高使得传导件具有良好的导电性。
传导件为导电材料制成，具体的材料可以为金属材料，例如：铜、铝、银等。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述传导件包括入口部、出口部和连接在所述入口部和所述出口部之间的主导电部，所述入口部用于与所述第一电子设备电连接，所述入口形成在所述入口部，所述出口部用于与所述第二电子设备电连接，所述出口形成在所述主导电部，且所述出口位于所述主导电部连接所述出口部的位置。所述液冷通道从所述入口部延伸至所述主导电部远离所述入口部的一端，所述液冷通道的所述出口朝向所述出口部，出口朝向出口部可以理解为：出口部设置在出口所面对的位置，即从出口流出的冷却液可以直接 流至出口部的位置，即直接中喷淋出口部。本申请将液冷通道的出口设置为朝向出口部，可以使得冷却液从出口流出后直接对准出口部喷淋，能够提供出口部液冷效率。液冷通道的出口朝向出口部的一种具体的实施方式可以为出口正对出口部，即正对所述传导件与所述第二电子设备的电连接处；另一种具体的实施方式也可以为，出口的朝向不是正对出口部，相对出口部的位置有部分偏离，但也可以使得冷却液直接喷淋所述传导件与所述第二电子设备的电连接处。其它可能的实现方式中，液冷通道的出口的朝向可以不正对出口部，可以朝向一阻挡物，阻挡物可以为传导件的部分结构，也可以为传导件所安装位置的环境元件，例如电机机壳上的总价发结构，这样的设置使得冷却液可以朝向其它的物体喷射，通过其它物体反射至出口部，或相较出口部的方向倾斜一定的角度进行喷淋。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述液冷通道包括位于所述入口部内的进液通道和位于所述主导电部内的流道，所述流道的出口为所述液冷通道的出口，所述流道的内壁为光滑表面。光滑表面的流道易于制作，具成本低的优势，可以直接选用标准管件，例如，直接用铜管，铜管内、外表面的横截面均可以为圆形、方形、椭圆形、工字形等任意形状。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述液冷通道包括位于所述入口部内的进液通道和位于所述主导电部内的流道，所述流道的出口为所述液冷通道的出口，所述流道的内壁设有内凸的齿状结构。内凸的齿状结构的设计使得冷却液与主导电部的接触面积增加，有利于增加换热面积。内凸的齿状结构的数量可以为一个、两个或多个。一种可能的实施方式中，内凸的齿状结构从主流道的近入口部的一端延伸至近出口部的一端，主导电部包括中心轴线，此中心轴线从入口部延伸至出口部，内凸的齿状结构的数量为两个时，可以对称分布在中心轴线的两侧，内凸的齿状结构为三个或三个以上的数量时，其分布方式可以为等间隔圆周分布。
一种可能的实施方式中，所述液冷通道包括位于所述入口部内的进液通道和位于所述主导电部内的流道，所述流道的出口为所述液冷通道的出口，所述流道包括至少两个并联的子流道，各所述子流道彼此隔离，且均从所述流道与所述进液通道的连接处延伸至所述流道的出口。例如，各子流道横截面的形状为圆形，多个子流道的截面尺寸可以相同，多个子流道可以排列呈蜂窝状或阵列排列。子流道的设置亦能够增加冷却液与主导电部的接触面积，有利于增加换热面积。子流道的数量可以为两个或两个以上，冷却液从入口部的进液通道分流至各子流道内，子流道的设置，虽然使得主导电部的结构变复杂，但是可以将一股冷却液分为多束冷却液，类似水龙头和花洒的区别，各子流道在出口部的位置形成花洒喷头的架构，可以扩大喷淋面积，有利于提供液冷散热效果。
一种可能的实现方式中，所述主导电部的外表面为光滑表面，主导电部的外表面的横截面可以为圆形、方形、椭圆形、多边形等。光滑的表面的主导电部结构简单，易于选材，例如，可以直接选铜管，或方管等管状结构。
一种可能的实现方式中，所述主导电部的外表面突设翅片结构。翅片可以提升主导电部的散热能力。翅片结构可以设置在主导电部的局部外表面，也可以间隔环绕分布在主导电部外表面。翅片结构可以与主导电部为同种材料，通过焊接连接为一体。翅片结构也可以通过机加工的方式一体成型制作在主导电部的外表面。
一种可能的实现方式中，所述主导电部的外表面设有吸热散热膜，所述吸热散热膜用 于提升主导电部的散热效率。例如吸热散热膜可以为石墨材质。
一种可能的实现方式中，所述入口部包括第一端面、第二端面和连接在所述第一端面和所述第二端面之间的侧面，第一端面和第二端面可以为方形或圆形或其它任意形状，侧面可以为柱面或多个依次连接的平面构成，第一端面和第二端面的外轮廓可以相同。所述主导电部固连至所述侧面，所述主导电部和所述第一端面之间构成导电接头，所述主导电部和所述第二端面之间构成进液管，所述进液管内设进液通道，所述进液通道与设在所述主导电部内的流道相通且共同构成所述液冷通道，所述液冷通道的所述入口位于所述第二端面。入口部和主导电部和出口部均可以为金属结构，入口部和主导电部可以通过焊接的方式固定连接。出口部也可以焊接至主导电部。可以理解的是，焊接的连接方式可以通过螺纹连接或压接为一体的方式替代，本申请不做限定，只要保证进液通道和主导电部的流道之间密封连接，不产生漏液。
具体而言，导电接头和进液管分别位于主导电部的两侧，导电接头和进液管可以为外形相似的柱状结构，导电接头和进液管与主导电部的一端构成T形架构。
一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一端面设有螺纹孔，所述螺纹孔用于安装电连接至所述第一电子设备(例如电机控制器)的导电片。具体而言，通过螺柱穿过导电片上的通孔，并固定在螺纹孔内。螺纹孔与进液通道隔离互不连通，以使得冷却液不会进入螺纹孔，确保导电片与入口部的导电接头电连接的可靠性。
一种可能的实现方式中，所述进液通道的一端开口位于所述第二端面，所述进液通道的另一端开口位于进液管的侧壁，且对接所述主导电部内的所述流道。
一种可能的实现方式中，所述入口部为一体式导电结构，所述第一端面和所述第二端面的朝向相反。本实施方式提供了入口部具体的结构形态，第一端面和第二端面的朝向分别用于匹配电机壳体的安装位置，液冷导电结构安装在电机壳体，第一端面朝向电机壳体的外部，第二端面朝向电机壳体的外部，第一端面用于固定电连接至第一电子设备(例如电机控制器)的导电片，第二端面具有进液通道的开口，此开口位于电机壳体内的冷却液通道内，以使冷却液通道中的冷却液可以通过此开口进入进液通道。
第二方面，本申请提供一种液冷导电结构，包括绝缘体和第一方面任意一种可能的实现方式所述的传导件，所述绝缘体包覆在所述传导件的***，以使所述传导件与其它导电件绝缘隔离。绝缘体用于将液冷导电结构安装至应用环境中，绝缘体可以为塑料或硅胶等绝缘材质。
一种可能的实现方式中，所述液冷导电结构包括绝缘体和至少两个所述传导件，所述绝缘体包覆所述至少两个传导件。至少两个所述传导件的所述主导电部并排且共面排列，绝缘体包括板状部，主导电部内嵌在所述板状部内。绝缘体包覆在至少两个传导件的***，可以使得相邻的传导件之间绝缘间隔，也可以使得传导件与电机壳体之间绝缘间隔，保护传导电的导电性能。
第一电子设备和第二电子设备之间传输的是三相交流电时，例如：电机控制器和电机之间传导的是交流电(三相电)的情况下，传导件的数量为三个，三个传导件的主导电部可以共面设置，这样包覆主导电部的板状部呈平板架构，方便安装至电机外壳。
一种可能的实现方式中，绝缘体的材质可以为柔性绝缘材料，例如硅胶，以使所述液 冷导电结构在安装至电机过程中，各所述传导件的位置可以调整。绝缘体包覆三个传导件后，连接在各传导件之间的部分绝缘体能够产生形变，这样当液冷导电结构安装至电机外壳上时，可以匹配各种安装环境，例如，外壳上的安装面不平，由于绝缘体能够产生形变，绝缘体也可以与安装面贴合的很好，除了便于安装的优势，柔性材料的绝缘体的配置，在环境产生振动的过程中，还可以提供缓冲，能够吸收电机的振动，保证电动汽车的运行平稳。
一种可能的实现方式中，各所述传导件的所述出口部的***设置遮挡件，所述流道的所述出口位于所述出口部和所述遮挡件之间。遮挡件为绝缘材质，在相邻的出口部之间可以使得相邻的出口部绝缘隔离，也可以对冷却液进行挡止，具反射冷却液的作用，使得冷却液喷出后，更集中喷淋至出口部，提升液冷效率。出口部可以理解为所述传导件与所述第二电子设备的电连接处的位置。
一种可能的实现方式中，所述遮挡件包括第一板和两个第二板，所述两个第二板的一端分别连接在所述第一板的相对的两侧，所述两个第二板的另一端之间形成安装口，安装口的位置用于连接电机定子绕组的接头至出口部(即所述传导件与所述第二电子设备的电连接处)。所述流道的所述出口位于所述第一板和所述出口部之间。出口部形成液冷导电结构和电机定子绕组的接线位置，由于第一板的遮挡，冷却液从出口流出后，可以直接流向此接线位置，而且第一板和第二板可以遮挡冷却液，不但能防止冷却液喷向其它位置，还可以对喷射至遮挡件上的冷却液进行反射，反射至出口部的接线位置，提升冷却效果。
一种可能的实施方式中，第一板和两个第二板均为平板状，两个第二板相互平行且均垂直于第一板。其它可能实现的方式中，遮挡件可以包括弧形板状结构，例如：第一板可以为弧形，或者，第二板为弧形，或者第一板和第二板均为弧形，且共同构成曲率相同的弧面反射面，弧面反射面朝向出口部。第一板和第二板可以为分体式架构，第一板和第二板之间可以有间隙，也可以无缝对接。第一板和第二板也可以为一体式架构。
第三方面，本申请提供一种电机，包括电机壳体、定子及第二方面任一种可能的实现方式中所述的液冷导电结构，所述液冷导电结构安装至所述电机壳体，所述液冷通道连通所述电机壳体内的冷却液通道，所述第二电子设备为所述定子，所述第一电子设备为电机控制器。
一种可能的实施方式中，电机壳体内的冷却液通道内设过滤结构，冷却液进入电机后，通过此过滤结构再进入液通通道，并在传导件内部流动。过滤结构可以过滤掉冷却液内的大颗粒杂质，防止液冷导电结构被堵塞。
第四方面，本申请提供一种电动汽车动力总成，包括电机控制器和如第三方面所述的电机，所述液冷导电结构的所述导电接头电连接至所述电机控制器。导电接头通过铜排连接至电机控制器。
本申请提供的液冷导电结构还可以应用在其它的电源领域，如逆变器、电源器件等具体的应用场景。
附图说明
图1是本申请一种实施方式提供的电动汽车动力总成的电机驱动***的各组成部分之 间连接关系的框图；
图2是本申请一种实施方式提供的电动汽车动力总成中的电机控制器与动力电池和驱动电机之间连接的架构框图；
图3是本申请一种实施方式提供的液冷导电结构中的传导件的一个方向的立体示意图；
图4是本申请一种实施方式提供的液冷导电结构中的传导件的另一方向的立体示意图；
图5是本申请一种实施方式提供的液冷导电结构中的传导件中的主导电部的剖面示意图；
图6是图5所示的主导电部的横截面示意图；
图7是本申请一种实施方式提供的液冷导电结构中的传导件中的主导电部的剖面示意图；
图8是图7所示的主导电部的横截面示意图；
图9是本申请一种实施方式提供的液冷导电结构中的传导件中的主导电部的横截面的示意图；
图10是本申请一种实施方式提供的液冷导电结构中的传导件中的主导电部的横截面的示意图；
图11是本申请一种实施方式提供的液冷导电结构中的传导件中的主导电部的横截面的示意图；
图12是本申请一种实施方式提供的液冷导电结构中的传导件中的主导电部的剖面示意图；
图13是本申请一种实施方式提供的液冷导电结构中的传导件中的主导电部的横截面的示意图；
图14是本申请一种实施方式提供的液冷导电结构中的传导件中的主导电部的横截面的示意图；
图15是本申请一种实施方式提供的液冷导电结构中的三个传导件的分布示意图；
图16是本申请一种实施方式提供的液冷导电结构的一个方向的立体示意图；
图17是本申请一种实施方式提供的液冷导电结构的另一方向的立体示意图；
图18是本申请一种实施方式提供的液冷导电结构的又一方向的立体示意图；
图19是本申请一种实施方式提供的液冷导电结构的一个方向的剖面示意图；
图20是本申请一种实施方式提供的液冷导电结构的另一方向的剖面示意图；
图21是本申请一种实施方式提供的电机连接至电机控制器的立体示意图；
图22是本申请一种实施方式提供的电机连接至电机控制器的立体示意图，其中表现了电机控制器的内部电路板及电连接结构；
图23是本申请一种实施方式提供的电机的局部剖面示意图；
图24是本申请一种实施方式提供的电机的另一局部剖面示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例提供一种传导件和液冷导电结构，其应用在电动汽车中，连接在电动汽车上的电机控制器和驱动电机之间，能够实现电机控制器和驱动电机之间的导电连接，还具有液冷散热的功能，液冷导电结构可以引入冷却液，液冷导热结构具有散热功能，还能对驱动电机的定子接线位置进行喷淋冷却，及对轴承进行润滑。
本申请提供的液冷导电结构还可以应用在其它的电源领域，如逆变器、电源器件等具体的应用场景。可以理解为，本申请提供的液冷导电结构电连接在第一电子设备和第二电子设备之间，并具导电及散热功能。
以电动汽车为例，电动汽车可以为：电池电动汽车(BEV，Battery Electric Vehicle)、混合动力电动汽车(HEV，Hybrid Electric Vehicle)和***式混合动力电动汽车(PHEV，Plug In Hybrid Electric Vehicle)。
下面结合附图，对本申请的实施例进行描述。本申请实施例中，以电池电动汽车为例来对电动汽车的结构进行说明。
如图1所示，电动汽车1000具体包括用于驱动汽车行驶的电机驱动***100、用于提供能量的车载能源***200及辅助***300。具体地，电机驱动***100包括整车控制器110、电机控制器120、驱动电机130、传动装置140及车轮150。车载能源***200包括动力电池210、电池管理***220及充电器230。
整车控制器(VCU，Vehicle Control Unit)110，也叫动力总成控制器，是整个汽车的核心控制部件，相当于汽车的大脑。它采集加速踏板信号、制动踏板信号及其他部件信号，并做出相应判断后，控制下层的各部件控制器的动作，驱动汽车正常行驶。作为汽车的指挥管理中心，整车控制器主要功能包括：驱动力矩控制、制动能量的优化控制、整车的能量管理、CAN(Controller Area Network，控制器局域网)网络的维护和管理、故障的诊断和处理、车辆状态监视等，它起着控制车辆运行的作用。因此整车控制器的优劣直接决定了车辆的稳定性和安全性。
电机控制器120是通过主动工作来控制驱动电机130按照设定的方向、速度、角度、响应时间进行工作的集成电路，其与整车控制器130通信连接。在电动汽车1000中，电机控制器120的功能是根据档位、油门、刹车等指令，将动力电池210所存储的电能转化为驱动电机130所需的电能，来控制电动汽车1000的启动运行、进退速度、爬坡力度等行驶状态，或者将帮助电动汽车1000刹车，并将部分刹车能量存储到动力电池210中。
驱动电机130(俗称马达、电机)是指依据电磁感应定律实现电能转换或传递的一种电磁装置，其与电机控制器120电连接并与传动装置140机械连接。它的主要作用是产生驱动转矩，作为车轮150的动力源。一些实施例中，驱动电机130还可以将机械能转化为电能，即作为发电机使用。具体地，驱动电机130可以为但不限于：永磁同步马达(PMSM，Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor)类型的电机。
驱动电机130包括定子和转子，其中定子包括定子绕组。转子可相对于定子围绕中心轴线旋转。驱动电机130可通过使通用正弦电流流过定子绕组来被控制。电流的幅值和频率可改变以控制转子的扭矩和转速。定子电流产生电磁场，电磁场与作为转子的部件的永磁体相互作用。电磁场使得转子旋转。
例如，驱动电机130可以为三相电机。也就是说，定子绕组可包括三个分离的相绕组。 为了控制驱动电机130，三相电压波或三相电流波被施加到相绕组。三相波使得每个相的信号按照120度的相位差分离。
传动装置140还与车轮150机械连接，用于将驱动电机130产生的动力源传递至车轮150以驱动电动汽车1000行驶。一些实施方式中，传动装置140可以包括连接于两个车轮150之间的驱动轴(图未示)以及设置于驱动轴上的差速器(图未示)。
动力电池210与电机控制器120电连接，用于储存并提供电能。动力电池210可以为但不限于铅酸电池、磷酸铁锂电池、镍氢电池、镍镉电池等。一些实施例中，动力电池210还可以为超级电容器。
电池管理***220与动力电池210电连接，并与整车控制器110通信连接。电池管理***220用于对动力电池210在不同工况下的状态进行监测和估算，以提高动力电池210的利用率，防止动力电池210出现过充电和过放电，从而延长动力电池210的使用寿命。具体地，电池管理***220的主要功能可包括：电池物理参数实时监测；电池状态估计；在线诊断与预警；充、放电与预充控制；均衡管理和热管理等。
充电器230与动力电池210电连接，用于与外部电源连接以为动力电池210充电。具体地，当电动汽车1000与外部电源(如充电桩)连接时，充电器230将外部电源提供的交流电转换为直流电以为动力电池219进行充电。此外，电池管理***220还与充电器230连接，以对动力电池210充电过程进行监控。
辅助***300包括DC/DC转换器310、辅助电池320、低压负载330及高压负载340。DC/DC转换器310的一端与动力电池210连接，另一端分别与辅助电池320及低压负载330相连。DC/DC转换器310用于将动力电池210输出的高压(如380V)转换成低压(如12V)后为辅助电池320充电以及为低压负载330供电。一些实施方式中，低压负载330包括低压汽车附件，例如冷却泵、风扇、加热器、动力转向装置、制动器等。当然，辅助电池320也可以为低压负载330供电。另外，动力电池210还与高压负载340连接，以为高压负载340供电。一些实施方式中，高压负载340包括PTC加热器和空调单元等。
需要说明的是，电动汽车1000中的电子模块可经由一个或更多个车辆网络进行通信。车辆网络可包括多个用于通信的信道。车辆网络的一个信道可以是诸如控制器局域网(Controller Area Network，CAN)的串行总线。车辆网络的信道中的一个可包括由电气与电子工程师协会(IEEE)802标准族定义的以太网。车辆网络的其它信道可包括模块之间的离散连接，并且可包括来自辅助电池130的电力信号。不同的信号可通过车辆网络的不同信道进行传输。例如，视频信号可通过高速信道(例如，以太网)进行传输，而控制信号可通过CAN或离散信号进行传输。车辆网络可包括协助在模块之间传输信号和数据的任意硬件组件和软件组件。车辆网络在图1中未示出，但可隐含的是，车辆网络可连接到存在于电动汽车1000中的任何电子模块。例如，可存在整车控制器110以协调各个组件的操作。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例示意的结构并不构成对电动汽车1000的具体限定。在本申请其它可能的实现方式中，电动汽车1000可以包括比图1所示的实施方式更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者拆分某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。图1所示的实施方式中，各部件可以通过硬件、软件或软件和硬件的组合实现。
下面对本申请实施例中的电机控制120的结构及相应的功能做详细的介绍。
如图2所示，电机控制器120包括逆变电路120a和电机角度检测与诊断装置120b。逆变电路120a的输入端与动力电池210相连，逆变电路120a的输出端与驱动电机130相连。逆变电路120a用于将动力电池210输出的高压直流电转变为交流电(如三相交流电)以供驱动电机130工作。
电机角度检测与诊断装置120b可以通过旋转变压器(resolver/transformer)160与驱动电机130相连，以对旋转变压器160输出的旋变反馈信号进行解码而获得驱动电机130的电角度。其中，旋转变压器160是一种通过初级绕组和两个次级绕组的磁耦合作用，对电机等旋转部件的角位置和速度进行精确测量的传感器。其初级绕组和两个正交的次级绕组分别安装于电机转子和定子上，施加在初级绕组上的激励信号在两个次级绕组中分别耦合出正弦旋变反馈信号和余弦旋变反馈信号，该正弦旋变反馈信号和余弦旋变反馈信号可统称为旋变反馈信号。通过对正弦旋变反馈信号和余弦旋变反馈信号进行解调和转换后可以获取电机转子的角位置和转速信息。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例示意的结构并不构成对电机控制器120的具体限定。在本申请其它可能的实现方式中，电机控制器120可以包括比图2所示的实施方式更多的部件，例如，辅助电源电路、充电电路、电压/电流检测电路等。电机角度检测与诊断装置120b也可以直接连接至驱动电机130。或者，旋转变压器160集成在电机控制器120的内部。
电机控制器120上设置三相(或两相)输出接口，驱动电机130通过本申请提供的液冷导电结构连接至电机控制器120的输出接口。
本申请提供的液冷导电结构能够实现电机控制器(为简化描述，下文称之为MCU)和驱动电机(为简化描述，下文称之为电机)之间的三相电流(可两相电流)的传导。也可以连接在其它的电子器件之间实现电子器件之间的电连接(可能实现单独一相的电流传输)及散热。
传导件为液冷导电结构的核心元件，传导件本身也可以单独作为两个电子设备之间的电连接件，同时实现液冷散热。传导件的数量可以为一个，实现两个电子器件之间的电传输；传导件的数量可能为两个，实现两相电流的传导；传导件的数量也可以为三个，实现三相电流的传导。
传导件为导电材料，具体的材料可以为金属材料，例如：铜、铝、银等，具有可焊性。传导件电连接在第一电子设备和第二电子设备之间，传导件内设液冷通道，液冷通道设入口和出口，以使冷却液从入口进入液冷通道，并从出口流出，出口的位置邻近传导件与第二电子设备的电连接处，这样，从出口流出的冷却液能够对传导件和第二电子设备的电连接处进行液冷散热，具体为通过喷淋的方式液冷散热。
传导件的具体结构如下。
参阅图3和图4，传导件11包括入口部111、出口部112和主导电部113。液冷通道的入口设置在入口部111，液冷通道的出口设置在主导电部113连接出口部112的一端。主导电部113呈中空管状结构，主导电部113的两端分别固连至所述入口部111和所述出口部112。传导件11内设供冷却液流过的通道，冷却液从入口部111进入传导件11内， 流经主导电部113，并从主导电部113远离入口部111的一端流出，且喷淋出口部112。具体而言，可以通过焊接的方式实现主导电部113与入口部111和出口部112之间的固定连接，焊接的连接方式可以通过螺纹连接或压接为一体的方式替代，其它实施方式中，也可以采用冲压成型的方式将主导电部113和入口部111(和/或出口部112)冲压一体成型。本申请不对主导电部113与入口部111和出口部112之间具体的固定连接方式做限定，只要保证进连接处密封不产生漏液。
入口部111包括导电接头114和进液管115，所述导电接头114用于电连接电机控制器，导电接头114用于安装导电片，导电片用于与电机控制器的接口电连接。所述进液管115内设进液通道116。出口部112用于电连接电机的定子，具体为，电机定子绕组的引线电连接在出口部。主导电部113电连接在所述导电接头114和所述出口部112之间，所述主导电部113内设流道117(图3和图4中主导电部113内虚线表示的为流道)，所述流道117的入口(主导电部113和入口部111对接处，未标号)对接所述进液通道116，所述流道117的出口1171邻近所述出口部112,以使冷却***的冷却液能够流经所述进液通道116和所述流道117，且喷淋所述出口部112。
所述入口部111整体呈柱状，且为一体式导电结构。入口部111包括第一端面S1、第二端面S2和连接在所述第一端面S1和所述第二端面S2之间的侧面S3，第一端面S1和第二端面S2朝向相反，第一端面S1和第二端面S2外轮廓可以相同，可以为方形或圆形或其它任意形状。所述第一端面S1设有螺纹孔1112，所述螺纹孔1112用于安装电连接至所述电机控制器的导电片。第二端面S2设进液通道116，具体而言，进液通道116的一端开口位于所述第二端面S2，所述进液通道116的另一端开口位于进液管115的侧壁，且对接所述主导电部113内的流道117。螺纹孔1112与进液通道116隔离互不连通，以使得冷却液不会进入螺纹孔1112，确保导电片与入口部111的导电接头114电连接的可靠性。侧面S3可以为柱面或多个依次连接的平面构成。所述主导电部113固连至所述侧面S3，所述主导电部113和所述第一端面S1之间构成所述导电接头114，所述主导电部113和所述第二端面S2之间构成所述进液管115。
导电接头114和进液管115分别位于主导电部113的两侧，导电接头114和进液管115可以为外形相似的柱状结构，导电接头114和进液管115与主导电部113的一端构成T形架构。导电接头114的侧面上设有定位部1142，定位部1142为在圆柱形侧面上去除部分材料形成的凹槽结构，定位部1142的外表面呈多边形柱面，具体而言，定位部1142可以是六角状结构，也可以是滚花状结构，还可以为圆环状结构。定位部1142主要起到增加传导件11的入口部111与包覆在传导件11***的注塑件之间的连接强度，在安装导电接头114与电连接至电机控制器的导电片的过程中，定位部114也能够具有防止入口部旋转的作用。
主导电部113为管状，可以根据具体应用环境的空间进行弯折延伸，主导电部113可以包括弧形段、直形段。本申请主导电部113由于其内设流道117，使得主导电部113更容易弯折，本实施方式中，从入口部111至出口部112，主导电部113的横截面尺寸不变。
图3和图4所示的实施方式中，主导电部113的所述流道117的内壁为光滑表面，流道117横截面可以为圆形、方形、椭圆形等任意形状。光滑表面的流道117易于制作，具 成本低的优势，可以直接选用标准管件，例如，直接用铜管。
参阅图5和图6，一种可能的实现方式中，所述主导电部113的所述流道117的内壁设有内凸的齿状结构1172，内凸的齿状结构1172的设计使得冷却液与主导电部113的接触面积增加，有利于增加换热面积。图5示意性地绘出了主导电部113的部分，为了方便标示齿状结构1172，图5中将主导电部113的环状管壁和齿状结构1172用不同方向的剖面线表达，只是为了区分环状管壁和齿状结构1172，实际上，齿状结构1172可以与主导电部113的环状管壁为一体式的结构。
主导电部113的所述流道117的内壁上的内凸的齿状结构1172的数量可以为一个、两个或多个。图5和图6所示的实施例子中，内凸的齿状结构1172的数量为一个。参阅图7和图8，一种可能的实施方式中，内凸的齿状结构1172从主导电部113的流道17的近入口部111的一端延伸至近出口部112的一端，主导电部113包括中心轴线C，此中心轴线C从入口部111延伸至出口部112，内凸的齿状结构1172的数量为两个，且对称分布在中心轴线C的两侧。内凸的齿状结构1172为三个或三个以上的数量时，其分布方式可以为等间隔圆周分布，如图9所示的实施方式中，主导电部113的流道117内壁设四个内凸的齿状结构1172，两两相对、等间隔设置在内壁上。
参阅图10和图11，所述主导电部113的所述流道117可以包括至少两个并联的子流道1174，各所述子流道1174彼此隔离，且均从所述流道117的所述入口延伸至所述流道117的所述出口，各子流道1174横截面的形状可以为圆形、半圆形、方形等任意形状。如图10所示实施方式中，主导电部113内设两个子流道1174，这两个子流道1174均呈半圆形，两个半圆形子流道1174之间具有隔墙，隔墙与主导电部113的外壁可以为一体成型，为同样的材质。如图11所示的实施方式中，主导电部113内设多个子流道1174，多个子流道1174的截面尺寸可以相同，例如均为圆形，或者均为椭圆形、方形、三角形等任意形状。多个子流道1174可以排列呈蜂窝状或阵列排列，多个子流道1174的排列方式可以有规律也可以是无规律的排列，本申请不做限定。子流道1174的设置亦能够增加冷却液与主导电部的接触面积，有利于增加换热面积。子流道1174的数量可以为两个或两个以上，冷却液从入口部111的进液通道116分流至各子流道1174内，子流道1174的设置，虽然使得主导电部113的结构变复杂，但是可以将一股冷却液分为多束冷却液，类似水龙头和花洒的区别，各子流道1174在出口部112的位置形成花洒喷头的架构，可以扩大喷淋面积，有利于提供液冷散热效果。
图3至图11所示的各种可能的实现方式中，所述主导电部113的外表面1131为光滑表面，主导电部113的外表面1131的横截面可以为圆形、方形、椭圆形、多边形等。具有光滑的外表面1131的主导电部113结构简单，易于选材，例如，可以直接选铜管，或方管等管状结构。
参阅图12和图13，一种可能的实现方式中，所述主导电部113的外表面1131突设翅片结构1132。翅片结构1132可以提升主导电部113的散热能力。翅片结构1132可以设置在主导电部113的局部外表面，也可以呈间隔环绕分布，且包围主导电部113的外表面1131。翅片结构1132可以与主导电部113为同种材料，通过焊接连接为一体。翅片结构1132也可以通过机加工的方式一体成型制作在主导电部113的外表面1131。
参阅图14，一种可能的实现方式中，所述主导电部113的外表面1131设有吸热散热膜1133，所述吸热散热膜1133用于提升主导电部113的散热效率。例如吸热散热膜可以为石墨材质。
可以理解的是，设置在主导电部113的外表面1131的翅片结构1132与设置在流道117内壁的齿状结构1172可以同时应用在一个具体的实施方式中；设置在主导电部113的外表面1131的翅片结构1132也可以与至少两个子流道1174的设置方式应用在同一个具体的实施方式中；另一种实施方式中，设置在流道117内壁的齿状结构1172也可以设置在各子流道1174的内壁。设置在主导电部113外表面的吸热散热膜1133可以与设置在流道117内壁的齿状结构1172可以同时应用在一个具体的实施方式中，也可以与至少两个子流道1174的设置方式应用在同一个具体的实施方式中。也可以在主导电部113的外表面1131的翅片结构1132的外表面设置吸热散热膜结构。
参阅图3和图4，出口部112包括安装板1121，安装板1121焊接至主导电部113的一端1134的***，且与主导电部113电连接。主导电部113的一端1134呈弯管状，使得主导电部113内的流道117的出口段弯折延伸，以改变流道117出口的方向，使得流道117出口朝向安装板1121的安装孔1122的位置。安装板1121上设置的安装孔1122呈通孔状。安装板1121包括相对设置的第一表面1123和第二表面1124，安装孔1122贯穿第一表面1123和第二表面1124，第一表面1123用于设置电机定子绕组或者电连接至电机定子绕组的连接线，第二表面1123连接一螺母1125，螺母1125包围安装孔1122设置，螺母1125与穿过安装板1121的螺栓或螺柱配合，用于固定电机定子绕组或电连接电机定子绕组的连接线。需要说明的是，此处的螺母1125也可以为其它紧固件，例如具有螺纹孔的柱状结构，柱状结构内的螺纹孔用于与螺栓或螺柱配合，以固定电机定子绕组或电连接至电子绕组的连接线。
主导电部113包括呈弯管状的端部1135，出口部112连接至该端部1135，端部1135的弯管状的设置使得主导电部113内的流道117的出口朝向出口部112上的安装孔1122的位置。可以理解的，流道117的出口设置为朝向出口部112，可以使得冷却液从主导电部113的出口流出后直接对准出口部112喷淋，能够提供出口部112液冷效率。
其它可能的实现方式中，流道117的出口的朝向可以不正对出口部112，例如朝向其它的物体(可以为电机的壳体上延伸的挡墙)喷射，通过其它物体反射至出口部，换言之，冷却液从所述流道的所述出口喷出，可以被反射至所述出口部，可以在出口部的***设置遮挡件，对冷却液进行反射，或者借助电机壳体的部分结构来反射冷却液。
其它可能的实施方式中，流道117的出口可以相较出口部的方向倾斜一定的角度进行喷淋，倾斜喷淋的方向可以朝向电机绕组的引出线的位置，即冷却液可以不直接喷淋电机绕组引出线与出品部112的连接位置，也可以朝向电机绕组引出线的中部喷淋，电机绕组引出线的末端固定在出口部112的安装板1121上，电机绕组引出线的中部指的是电机绕组伸出的接线部分未延伸至末端的部分。
安装板1121设有缺口1126，具体而言，缺口1126在安装板1121的一个边缘上内凹形成，缺口1126可以为矩形或弧形，缺口1126的形状可以与主导电部113的一端1135的形状匹配。主导电部113的一端1135伸入此缺口1126，以实现安装板1121与主导电部112 之间的定位，再通过焊接的方式将缺口1126的内壁与主导电部113的一端1135的外表面焊接固定，也可以通过点胶(导电胶)的方式固定。
本申请通过传导件11的入口部111与电机控制器电连接，出口部112与电机电连接，实现了电机控制器和电机之间的导电功能，而且，通过在传导件11的内部设置进液通道116和流道117，使得液冷导电结构在实现导电功能的同时，可以通过冷却液流经进液通道116和流道117，且喷淋出口部，即对出口部112与电机连接的接头位置进行液冷散热。此冷却液为电动汽车动力总成的冷却***的冷却液，冷却液经过电动汽车内的减速器后，进入电机，可以通过进液通道116流进主导电部113的流道117，喷淋出口部112后，再通过电机内的管路回流至冷却***，形成液冷循环，可以持续散热。
由于传导件11内部的进液通道116和流道117的设置，使得传导件11呈中空状，导电的过程中，可以提高电流密度，电流密度高使得液冷导电结构具有良好的导电性。
参阅图15，本申请一种实施方式提供的液冷导电结构包括三个传导件11，三个传导件11并排间隔设置，用于传输三相电流。各传导件11的具体结构如上文描述，不再赘述，上文描述了多种实施方式提供的传导件11，液冷导电结构所包括的三个传导件11可以为同一实施方式提供的传导件11，即三个传导件11的结构可以相同，当然三个传导件11也要以为不同实施方式提供的传导件11，即三个传导件11的结构也可不完全相同，只在都具有导电功能以及内设进液通道和流道，可以供冷却液流经并喷淋出口部，即可实现本申请要解决的技术问题。
本申请提供液冷导电结构包括绝缘体，绝缘体包覆在传导件的***，具体而言，绝缘体包覆入口部，但需要保护入口部111的进液管115进液通道116的开口位置及导电接头114的螺纹孔1112外露；绝缘体包覆主导电部113，但要保证主导电部113的邻近出口部112的流道117的出口1171外露，绝缘体包覆部分出口部112，要保证出口部112的安装板1121的第一表面1123外露。
绝缘体的作用是保护传导件、使得传导件与其它的导电元件绝缘隔离，以及安装液冷导电结构。绝缘体的形状尺寸可以与液冷导电结构的安装环境相匹配，可以平板状，也可以包括弧面状。例如液冷导电结构安装至电机外壳上时，电机外壳通常为金属壳体，不能直接将传导件连接至外壳，需要在传导件外部设置绝缘体，通过绝缘体安装至电机外壳。绝缘体可以为塑料材质，传导件可以为金属材质，传导件可以安装在绝缘体内部，也可以通过一体成型制作工艺成型在绝缘体内部，例如模内注塑工艺，将传导件作为嵌件转入模具内，利用注塑工艺将塑料材质形成在传导件的***，形成绝缘体。
参阅图16、图17和图18，分别为具有绝缘体12的液冷导电结构10的三个不同方向的示意图。绝缘体12包括第一部分121、第二部分122和连接在二者之间的主体部123，第一部分121包覆在入口部111的包围，并且进液管115进液通道116的开口位置及导电接头114的螺纹孔1112从第一部分121的相对的两端外露。第二部分122包覆部分出口部112，使得出口部112的安装板1121的第一表面1123外露，第二部分122将出口部112的螺母1125包覆在内部。主体部123包括主导电部113，主导电部113的流道117的出口1171外露(如图16所示)。主导电部113共面设置，主体部123呈平板状结构，这样的架构使得液冷导电结构方便安装至电机外壳。
一种可能的实施方式中，绝缘体12的材质可以为柔性绝缘材料，例如硅胶，绝缘体12包覆三个传导件11后，连接在各传导件11之间的部分绝缘体12呈柔性，能够产生形变，这样当液冷导电结构10安装至电机外壳上时，可以匹配各种安装环境，例如，外壳上的安装面不平，由于绝缘体12能够产生形变，绝缘体12也可以与安装面贴合的很好，除了便于安装的优势，柔性材料的绝缘体12的配置，在环境产生振动的过程中，还可以提供缓冲，能够吸收电机的振动，保证电动汽车的运行平稳。
绝缘体12的边缘位置包括固定部124，具体而言，固定部124的数量为三个，这三个固定部分别位于第一部分121的边缘、主体部123的边缘及第二部分122的边缘。各固定部124均设固定孔1242。固定孔1242用于与螺丝配合将注液冷导电结构10固定连接至电机的外壳。
各所述传导件11的所述出口部112的***设置遮挡件125，所述流道117的所述出口1171位于所述出口部112和所述遮挡件125之间。遮挡件125为绝缘材质，例如塑料板，在相邻的出口部112之间可以使得相邻的出口部112绝缘隔离，也可以对冷却液进行挡止，具反射冷却液的作用，使得冷却液喷出后，更集中喷淋至出口部112，提升液冷效率。
所述遮挡件125包括第一板1251和两个第二板1252，1253，所述两个第二板1252，1253的一端分别连接在所述第一板1251的相对的两侧，所述两个第二板1252，1253的另一端之间形成安装口(即出口部112远离流道117的所述出口1171的一侧)，安装口的位置用于连接电机定子绕组的接头至出口部112。第一板1251和两个第二板1252，1253均为平板状，两个第二板1252，1253相互平行且均垂直于第一板1251。其它可能实现的方式中，第一板1251可以为弧形，或者，第二板1252，1253为弧形，或者第一板1251和第二板1252，1253均为弧形，且共同构成曲率相同的弧面反射面，弧面反射面朝向出口部112。第一板1251和第二板1252，1253可以为分体式架构，第一板1251和第二板1252，1253之间可以有间隙，也可以无缝对接。第一板1251和第二板1252，1253也可以为一体式架构。
所述流道117的所述出口1171位于所述第一板1251和所述出口部112之间。出口部112形成液冷导电结构和电机定子绕组的接线位置，由于第一板1251的遮挡，冷却液从出口流出后，可以直接流向此接线位置，而且第一板1251和第二板1252，1253可以遮挡冷却液，不但能防止冷却液喷向其它位置，还可以对喷射至遮挡件125上的冷却液进行反射，反射至出口部112的接线位置，提升冷却效果。
图19和图20为具有绝缘体12的液冷导电结构10的剖面图，从图19可以看出，绝缘体12的第一部分121覆盖入口部111的导电接头114的侧面，并未覆盖第一端面S1，以此保留第一端面S1作为电连接的接口。第一部分121覆盖进液管115的侧面及第二端部S2，但是第一部分121设有开口1211，通过开口1121，进液管115的进液通道116可以与外界相通，冷却液可以从开口1211进入进液通道116。从图20可以看出进液通道116和主导电部113内的流道117是相通的，可以看到主导电部113与入口部111对接的结构。主导电部113的端部伸入入口部111，使得进液通道116和流道117相连通。
参阅图21和图22，本申请提供的电机130包括电机壳体1301、定子(图21中定子被电机壳体1301遮挡，未图示)和液冷导电结构10。可以理解的，电机壳体1301内设定子 和转子，定子设置在转子的***，电子壳体包围定子设置。
本申请提供的电动汽车动力总成包括电机控制器120和电机130，所述液冷导电结构10的所述导电接头114通过导电片1201电连接至所述电机控制器124。导电片1201可以为铜排或其它类型的传输线。
参阅图22，电机控制器120内设电路板1202，电路板1202上可以设置逆变电路、电机角度检测与诊断电路等电路架构，电路板1202上还设置三相输出接口1203，导电片1201固定连接至三相输出接口1203。
参阅图23，图23为电机130的局部剖面图，显示了电机壳体1301内的冷却液通道13011和液冷导电结构10的入口部(具体包括导电接头114和进液管115)的位置关系。冷却液通道13011与液冷导电结构10的进液管115内的进液通道116连通，图23中冷却液通道13011中的箭头指示为冷却液的流向。
电机壳体1301内的冷却液通道13011内设过滤结构F，冷却液进入电机壳体1301后，通过此过滤结构F再进入进液管115，并在液冷导电结构10内流动。过滤结构F可以过滤掉冷却液内的大颗粒杂质，防止液冷导电结构10被堵塞。过滤结构F的位置可以设置在电机壳体1301的冷却液通道13011的入口位置，也可以设置在冷却液通道13011内部，只要位于各进液通道116的上游即可。
参阅图24，图24为电机130的剖视图，显示了液冷导电结构10的主导电部113内的流道117、出口部112、电机定子绕组1303、绕组连接线1304，及电机壳体1301内的冷却液流出通道13012。图24中，液冷导电结构10位于电机壳体1301的顶部，冷却液流出通道13012位于电机壳体的底部，冷却液进入流道117后，从流道117的出口喷出，喷淋出口部112，电子定子绕组1303通过绕组连接线1304连接至出口部112，冷却液喷淋绕组连接线1304与出口部112的接线位置，对定子绕组进行液冷散热。喷出的冷却液从电机壳体1301内流向冷却液流出通道13012，冷却液流出通道13012与电动汽车的液冷***连通，形成冷却液的循环流动。
以上对本申请实施例所提供的液冷导电结构、电机及电动汽车动力总成进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本申请的原理及实施例进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本申请的思想，在具体实施例及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本申请的限制。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种传导件，电连接在第一电子设备和第二电子设备之间，其特征在于，所述传导件内设液冷通道，所述液冷通道设有入口和出口，以使冷却液从所述入口进入所述液冷通道及从所述出口流出，所述出口邻近所述传导件与所述第二电子设备的电连接处，以使所述冷却液对所述传导件与所述第二电子设备的电连接处进行液冷散热。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的传导件，其特征在于，所述传导件包括入口部、出口部和连接在所述入口部和所述出口部之间的主导电部，所述入口部用于与所述第一电子设备电连接，所述入口形成在所述入口部，所述出口部用于与所述第二电子设备电连接，所述出口形成在所述主导电部，且所述出口位于所述主导电部连接所述出口部的位置。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的传导件，特征在于，所述出口朝向所述传导件与所述第二电子设备的电连接处，以使所述冷却液从出口流出后，直接流向所述出口部。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的传导件，其特征在于，所述出口朝向阻挡物，通过所述阻挡物反射冷却液，以使所述冷却液从出口流出后，被反射至所述出口部。
  5. 如权利要求3或4所述的传导件，其特征在于，所述液冷通道包括位于所述主导电部内的流道，所述流道的出口为所述液冷通道的出口，所述流道的内壁为光滑表面。
  6. 如权利要求3或4所述的传导件，其特征在于，所述液冷通道包括位于所述主导电部内的流道，所述流道的出口为所述液冷通道的出口，所述流道的内壁设有内凸的齿状结构。
  7. 如权利要求3或4所述的传导件，其特征在于，所述液冷通道包括位于所述入口部内的进液通道和位于所述主导电部内的流道，所述流道的出口为所述液冷通道的出口，所述流道包括至少两个并联的子流道，各所述子流道彼此隔离，且均从所述流道与所述进液通道的连接处延伸至所述流道的出口。
  8. 如权利要求3或4所述的传导件，其特征在于，所述主导电部的外表面为光滑表面，或者，所述主导电部的外表面突设翅片结构。
  9. 如权利要求3或4所述的传导件，其特征在于，所述主导电部的外表面设有吸热散热膜，所述吸热散热膜用于提升主导电部的散热效率。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的传导件，其特征在于，所述吸热散热膜为石墨材质。
  11. 如权利要求3或4所述的传导件，其特征在于，所述入口部包括第一端面、第二端面和连接在所述第一端面和所述第二端面之间的侧面，所述主导电部固连至所述侧面；所述主导电部和所述第一端面之间构成导电接头，所述导电接头用于电连接所述第一电子设备；所述主导电部和所述第二端面之间构成进液管，所述进液管内设进液通道，所述进液通道与设在所述主导电部内的流道相通且共同构成所述液冷通道，所述液冷通道的所述入口位于所述第二端面。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的传导件，其特征在于，所述入口部为一体式结构，所述第一端面和所述第二端面的朝向相反。
  13. 一种液冷导电结构，其特征在于，包括绝缘体和如权利要求1至12任意一项所述的传导件，所述绝缘体包覆在所述传导件的***，以使所述传导件与其它导电件绝缘隔离。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的液冷导电结构，其特征在于，所述传导件的数量为至少两个，所 述绝缘体包覆所述至少两个所述传导件。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的液冷导电结构，其特征在于，所述绝缘体的材质为柔性绝缘材料，以使所述液冷导电结构在安装至所述第一电子设备和所述第二电子设备的过程中，各所述传导件的位置可以调整。
  16. 如权利要求13-15任意一项所述的液冷导电结构，其特征在于，各所述传导件的所述液冷通道的所述出口的***设置遮挡件，所述出口位于所述传导件与所述第二电子设备的电连接处和所述遮挡件之间。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的液冷导电结构，其特征在于，所述遮挡件包括第一板和两个第二板，所述两个第二板的一端分别连接在所述第一板两侧，所述两个第二板的另一端之间形成安装口，所述液冷通道的所述出口位于所述第一板和所述传导件与所述第二电子设备的电连接处之间。
  18. 一种电机，其特征在于，包括电机壳体、定子及如权利要求13-17任意一项所述的液冷导电结构，所述液冷导电结构安装至所述电机壳体，所述液冷通道连通所述电机壳体内的冷却液通道，所述第二电子设备为所述定子，所述第一电子设备为电机控制器。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的电机，其特征在于，所述电机壳体内的所述冷却液通道内设过滤结构，冷却液进入所述电机后，通过所述过滤结构后，再进入所述传导件的所述液冷通道。
  20. 一种电动汽车动力总成，其特征在于，包括电机控制器和如权利要求18或19所述的电机，所述传导件的一端电连接至所述电机控制器。
PCT/CN2020/109586 2020-08-17 2020-08-17 传导件、液冷导电结构、电机及电动汽车动力总成 WO2022036517A1 (zh)

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