WO2022027815A1 - Self-propelled garlic combine harvester - Google Patents
Self-propelled garlic combine harvester Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022027815A1 WO2022027815A1 PCT/CN2020/119993 CN2020119993W WO2022027815A1 WO 2022027815 A1 WO2022027815 A1 WO 2022027815A1 CN 2020119993 W CN2020119993 W CN 2020119993W WO 2022027815 A1 WO2022027815 A1 WO 2022027815A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- garlic
- rod
- plucking
- cutting
- shaft
- Prior art date
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D13/00—Diggers, e.g. potato ploughs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D23/00—Topping machines
- A01D23/04—Topping machines cutting the tops after being lifted
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
- A01D33/10—Crop collecting devices, with or without weighing apparatus
- A01D33/105—Devices for gathering the crop in a row
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of garlic harvesting equipment, in particular to a self-propelled garlic combine harvester with higher degree of mechanization and higher harvesting efficiency.
- the garlic harvester is an agricultural machine that uses machinery to harvest garlic in agronomic links such as digging, plucking, cutting stems (cutting stems), collection, and transportation when garlic is mature.
- the degree of mechanization of the existing garlic harvesters is not high, and generally only one or several agronomic links can be realized. For example, some garlic harvesters can only realize the digging of garlic, and the later processing is all done manually.
- the machine can only realize the agronomic links of digging and cutting the poles, but cannot realize the agronomic links of online bagging.
- the existing garlic harvesters have low degree of mechanization and complete agronomic links as a whole. less and less harvesting efficiency.
- the main factors restricting the further development of the garlic harvester are as follows: First, the digging resistance is large. The garlic harvesting is different from the traditional crops of wheat and corn. The garlic harvesting must be excavated first. The excavation shovel is directly obliquely inserted into the ground for excavation. When excavating, the resistance is very large, and the engine power is too large, resulting in insufficient power of the garlic harvester, low harvesting efficiency, and no excess power to complete other agronomic links; the second is the cutting rod of the plucking and cutting rod. The accuracy is low, and the length of the cutting rod is different, which is not conducive to the collection and processing of garlic in the later stage.
- the existing garlic harvester cannot realize the agronomic link of online bagging, or has the function of online bagging, but the bagging speed seriously lags behind the garlic harvest.
- Speed in order to match the bagging speed, the existing garlic harvester has to reduce the running speed, and carry out online bagging at the expense of harvesting efficiency. Due to the above-mentioned defects of the existing online bagging equipment, it is difficult to be installed on the garlic harvester. promotion and application. Therefore, in order to improve the working performance of the garlic harvester as a whole, it is necessary to improve or change at least one key influencing factor in the existing garlic digging, plucking and cutting rods and in-line bagging structures, in order to improve the harvesting efficiency of the garlic harvester. and degree of mechanization.
- the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a self-propelled garlic combine harvester, which has the advantages of reasonable structure design, low digging resistance, neat cutting rods, online bagging, and high harvesting efficiency of the whole machine.
- the present invention realizes above-mentioned purpose by adopting following technical scheme:
- a self-propelled garlic combine harvester includes: a traveling vehicle body; a vibrating excavating device and a plucking and cutting bar device that can be freely lifted and lowered on the traveling vehicle body.
- the device is used to separate the garlic head and the garlic rod;
- the garlic rod discharge device is used to collect and discharge the garlic rod;
- the garlic head conveying device is used to collect and transport the garlic head to the shunt bagging device;
- the split bagging device is used to split the garlic heads into multiple strands, and each garlic head is individually bagged.
- the front end of the traveling vehicle body is hinged with a lifting frame, a lifting hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the lifting frame and the traveling vehicle body, and the vibration excavating device and the plucking bar device are respectively arranged on the lifting frame.
- the front end of the frame is provided with a depth limiting wheel, and the front end of the depth limiting wheel is provided with a crop divider.
- the vibrating excavation device includes an excavation shaft mounted on the lifting frame through a bearing and a bearing seat, one end of the excavation shaft is connected to the excavation hydraulic motor through a belt drive, and a plurality of eccentric sleeves are arranged on the excavation shaft.
- the eccentric sleeve is connected with the shovel arm through a bearing, the lower end of the shovel arm is provided with an excavation shovel, and a restrainer for restricting the operation of the shovel is also arranged between the shovel arm and the lifting frame.
- the restraint includes a fixed rod and a connecting rod, one end of the fixed rod is mounted on the lifting frame, the other end is provided with a restraining ring, one end of the connecting rod is hingedly connected with the shovel arm, and the other end is provided with a restraining shaft , the restraint shaft is installed in the restraint ring, and the diameter of the restraint shaft is smaller than the inner diameter of the restraint ring.
- the plucking and cutting bar device includes a supporting shaft A and a supporting shaft B arranged at intervals, the supporting shaft A is hingedly arranged on the traveling vehicle body, the supporting shaft B is hingedly arranged on the lifting frame, and the The support shaft A and the support shaft B are sequentially provided with a plurality of single-row plucking and cutting rods, the front end of the plucking and cutting rods is provided with a grass supporter, and the bottom of the plucking and cutting rod device is provided with the garlic head conveying device, There is a garlic stick discharge device at the rear.
- the single-row plucking and cutting rod device includes an inclined plucking and cutting rod bracket, one end of the plucking and cutting rod bracket is installed on the support shaft A, and the middle part is installed on the support shaft B.
- the rod bracket is respectively provided with a plucking mechanism, a cutting rod mechanism and a plucking and cutting rod driving mechanism that cooperate with each other.
- the mechanism is set obliquely, the cutting rod mechanism is set horizontally, and the cutting rod mechanism is used to align the garlic on the plucking mechanism to the cutting rod.
- the weed-pulling mechanism comprises two weed-pulling clamping belts for clamping and conveying garlic and arranged at intervals, one end of the weed-pulling clamping belt is provided with a weed-pulling active pulley, and the other end is provided with a weed-pulling driven pulley,
- the plucking active pulley is installed on the plucking and cutting rod bracket through the plucking driving shaft, and the plucking driven pulley is installed on the plucking and cutting rod bracket through the plucking driven shaft.
- a plurality of pulling heave tensioning pulleys are arranged between the pulling heave driving pulley and the hehe pulling pulley; One end of the clamping belt is provided with a cutting rod driving pulley, and the other end is provided with a cutting rod driven pulley.
- the cutting rod driving pulley is installed on the cutting rod support through the cutting rod driving shaft.
- the driven pulley is installed on the plucking and cutting rod bracket through the cutting rod driven shaft, the cutting rod driving shaft is provided with a cutter, the plucking and cutting rod driving mechanism includes a plucking and cutting rod hydraulic motor, and the The pulling and cutting rod hydraulic motors are respectively connected with the two cutting rod driving shafts through gear transmission, and the cutting rod driving shafts are connected with the cutting rod driving shafts through power transmission belt transmission and universal coupling.
- the gear transmission includes a driving gear connected with the pulling heave hydraulic motor, the driving gear is respectively connected with the pullinghe One of the driving shafts is connected, the gear B is connected with the other driving shaft, and the power transmission belt drive includes a power transmission driving pulley and a power transmission driven pulley.
- the power transmission driving pulley It is arranged on the plucking drive shaft, the power transmission driven pulley is installed on the plucking pole bracket through the power transmission driven shaft, and the power transmission drive pulley and the power transmission driven pulley are arranged between the There is a power transmission belt, and the power transmission driven shaft is connected with the cutting rod driving shaft through the universal joint.
- the garlic rod discharging device includes a garlic rod grabbing mechanism and a garlic rod conveying mechanism, and the garlic rod grabbing mechanism grabs and sends the garlic rod cut off by the plucking and cutting rod device into the garlic rod conveying mechanism, so the The garlic rod conveying mechanism centrally discharges the garlic rods.
- the garlic rod grabbing mechanism includes two grabbing shafts arranged on the traveling vehicle body at an inclination interval, and a plurality of grabbing plates are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the grabbing shafts, and one end of the two grabbing shafts is Connected to the grabbing hydraulic motor through chain drive A, the garlic rod conveying mechanism includes two garlic rod conveyor belts arranged symmetrically at intervals, a discharge port is provided between the two garlic rod conveyor belts, and both ends of the garlic rod conveyor belt Garlic stick conveying pulleys are respectively provided, and one of the garlic stick conveying pulleys is connected with the garlic stick conveying hydraulic motor.
- the garlic head conveying device includes a transverse conveying mechanism and a longitudinal lifting conveying mechanism, the transverse conveying mechanism is used for receiving the garlic heads cut by the plucking and cutting rod device and laterally transporting the garlic heads to the longitudinal lifting conveying mechanism, the longitudinal The conveying mechanism lifts and conveys the garlic head longitudinally to the diversion bagging device.
- the transverse conveying mechanism includes a chain conveying belt A arranged transversely, and sprocket groups A are respectively provided at both ends of the chain conveying belt A, wherein one of the sprocket groups A is connected with the hydraulic motor A, and the longitudinal lifting conveying mechanism is It includes a chain conveyor belt B arranged obliquely in the longitudinal direction.
- the two ends of the chain conveyor belt B are respectively provided with sprocket sets B, wherein one of the sprocket sets B is connected with the hydraulic motor B through the chain transmission B.
- the diversion bagging device includes a mounting frame on which a transverse conveying belt is provided, and transverse conveying pulleys are respectively provided at both ends of the transverse conveying belt, one of which is connected with the transverse conveying hydraulic pressure through chain transmission C.
- the motor is connected, and a plurality of shunts are arranged at intervals along the garlic head conveying direction above the horizontal conveyor belt.
- the diverter is correspondingly provided with a bagging hopper, the diverter diverts the garlic heads on the horizontal conveying belt into the bagging hopper, and a garlic bag conveying mechanism is arranged below the bagging hopper.
- the shunt includes a shunt bracket arranged on the mounting frame, and a shunt drive pulley and a shunt driven pulley are spaced on the shunt bracket, and a shunt drive pulley and a shunt driven pulley are arranged between the shunt drive pulley and the shunt driven pulley.
- a shunt conveyor belt the shunt driving pulley is connected with the shunt hydraulic motor
- the garlic bag conveying mechanism includes a longitudinally arranged garlic bag conveyor belt, and both ends of the garlic bag conveyor belt are respectively provided with garlic bag conveyor belt pulleys, wherein 1.
- the garlic bag conveying pulley is connected with the garlic bag conveying hydraulic motor through the chain drive D.
- the traveling vehicle body includes a body, a chassis, an engine, a hydraulic system and a cab, the engine is used to provide a power source, and the hydraulic system is used to drive the vibration excavation device, the plucking bar device, and the garlic bar conveying device. , garlic head conveying device and shunt bagging device movement.
- the present invention adopts the above-mentioned structure, and can bring the following beneficial effects:
- the whole machine has a high degree of mechanization, completes many agronomic links, and further reduces labor strength and improve harvesting efficiency.
- the traditional bagging method and structure are changed by designing the diversion bagging device.
- the diversion bagging device of the present application firstly divides the garlic heads into multiple strands evenly, and each garlic head is bagged and collected, so as to fundamentally Solve the problem of slow bagging speed of garlic.
- Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structural representation of invention self-propelled garlic combine harvester
- Fig. 2 is another perspective structural representation of the self-propelled garlic combine harvester of the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the vibration excavation device of the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of part A of Fig. 3;
- Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the single-row weave cutter of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is the side view structure schematic diagram of the single-row weed cutter of the present invention.
- Fig. 7 is the gear transmission schematic diagram of the single-row weed cutter of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the shunt bagging device of the present invention.
- Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the shunt part of the present invention.
- Fig. 10 is the top-view structure schematic diagram of the shunt part of the present invention.
- Fig. 11 is the structural representation of the shunt of the present invention.
- traveling vehicle body, 2 vibrating excavation device, 201, bearing, 202, bearing seat, 203, excavation shaft, 204, belt drive, 205, excavation hydraulic motor, 206, eccentric sleeve, 207, shovel arm, 208, digging shovel, 209, restraint, 2091, fixed rod, 2092, connecting rod, 2093, restraint ring, 2094, restraint shaft, 3, plucking and cutting rod device, 301, support shaft A, 302, support shaft B, 303, single-row plucking and cutting rod, 304, plucking and cutting pole bracket, 305, plucking mechanism, 3051, plucking clamping belt, 3052, plucking active pulley, 3053, plucking driven pulley, 3054, Pulling heave drive shaft, 3055, pullhe driven shaft, 3056, pullhe tensioning pulley, 306, cutting rod mechanism, 3061, Lashi clamping belt, 3062, cutting rod driving pulley, 3063, cutting rod driven Pulley
- Garlic stem discharge device 401, Grab shaft, 402, Grab plate, 403, Chain drive A, 404, Grab hydraulic motor, 405, Garlic stem conveyor belt, 406, Discharge port, 407 , Garlic rod conveyor pulley, 408, garlic rod conveyor hydraulic motor, 5, garlic head conveyor device, 501, chain conveyor belt A, 502, sprocket group A, 503, hydraulic motor A, 504, chain conveyor belt B, 505, Sprocket set B, 506, Chain drive B, 507, Hydraulic motor B, 6, Diverter bagging device, 601, Mounting frame, 602, Transverse conveyor belt, 603, Transverse conveyor pulley, 604, Chain drive C, 605, Diverter, 6051, Diverting bracket, 6052, Diverting driving pulley, 6053, Diverting driven pulley, 6054, Diverting conveyor belt, 6055, Diverting hydraulic motor, 606, Bag filling hopper, 607, Garlic bag conveying mechanism, 6071, Garlic Bag Conveyor Belt, 6072, Garlic Bag Conveyor Pulley, 6073, Chain
- the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or into one; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary.
- installed e.g., it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or into one; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary.
- specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.
- the self-propelled garlic combine harvester includes: a traveling vehicle body 1; a vibration excavating device 2 and a plucking and cutting bar device 3 that are freely arranged on the traveling vehicle body 1, and the vibration
- the digging device 2 is used for vibration digging garlic
- the plucking and cutting rod device 3 is used to separate the garlic head and the garlic rod
- the garlic rod discharge device 4 is used to collect and discharge the garlic rod;
- the garlic head conveying device 5 is used for collecting and conveying the garlic heads to the diversion bagging device 6; the diversion bagging device 6 is used for dividing the garlic heads into multiple strands, and each garlic head is individually bagged.
- the vibrating excavating device 2 the plucking and cutting rod device 3, the garlic rod discharging device 4, the garlic head conveying device 5 and the shunt bagging device 6 respectively on the traveling vehicle body, the high degree of mechanization of the whole machine is realized, and the completed agronomic links are many. Further reduce labor intensity and improve harvesting efficiency.
- the front end of the traveling vehicle body 1 is hinged with a lifting frame 7, and a lifting hydraulic cylinder 8 is arranged between the lifting frame 7 and the traveling vehicle body 1.
- a depth limiting wheel 9 is arranged at the front end of the lifting frame 7
- a crop divider 10 is arranged at the front end of the depth limiting wheel 9 .
- the design of the lifting frame is a conventional design on the self-propelled garlic combine harvester, and the purpose is to facilitate the switching between walking and harvesting. 3 and the lifting frame 7 are connected differently.
- the vibration excavation device 2 includes an excavation shaft 203 mounted on the lifting frame 7 through a bearing 201 and a bearing seat 202.
- One end of the excavation shaft 203 is connected to an excavation hydraulic motor 205 through a belt drive 204.
- a plurality of eccentric sleeves 206 are provided.
- the eccentric sleeves 206 are connected with the shovel arm 207 through bearings.
- the lower end of the shovel arm 207 is provided with a digging shovel 208.
- the excavating shovel 208 operates a restraint 209 .
- the excavation shovel of the present application realizes vibration excavation under the action of the eccentric sleeve 206 and the restraint 209, which changes the existing excavation method and structure.
- the existing excavation shovel goes deep into the ground and the vertical direction does not change during operation, while the excavation shovel of the present application
- the 208 does vibration movement. During the excavation process, it not only realizes vertical vibration, but also has a backward throwing movement.
- the overall motion trajectory is similar to shoveling deeply into the soil and then throwing the shoveled soil backwards.
- the movement range of the excavating shovel 208 under the action of the restrainer 209 will not be very large, which can not only meet the excavation requirements, but also reduce the excavation resistance, so that the engine has more power to achieve other agronomic work.
- the restrainer 209 includes a fixing rod 2091 and a connecting rod 2092, one end of the fixing rod 2091 is mounted on the lifting frame 7, and the other end is provided with a restraining ring 2093, one end of the connecting rod 2092 is hinged with the shovel arm 207
- the other end is provided with a constraining shaft 2094, the constraining shaft 2094 is installed in the constraining ring 2093, and the diameter of the constraining shaft 2094 is smaller than the inner diameter of the constraining ring 2093.
- the constraining of the vibration movement of the shovel is realized by the way that the constraining shaft 2094 and the constraining ring 2093 cooperate.
- the plucking and cutting bar device 3 includes a supporting rotating shaft A301 and a supporting rotating shaft B302 arranged at intervals, the supporting rotating shaft A301 is hingedly arranged on the traveling vehicle body 1, and the supporting rotating shaft B302 is hingedly arranged on the lifting frame 7 , the supporting shaft A301 and the supporting shaft B302 are sequentially provided with a plurality of single-row plucking and cutting rods 303, the front end of the plucking and cutting rods 303 is provided with a grazing device 11, and the lower part of the plucking and cutting rod device 3 is provided There is the garlic head conveying device 5, and the garlic rod discharging device 4 is arranged at the rear.
- the structural form of the support shaft A301 and the support shaft B302 multiple single-row pluckers 303 are assembled together to achieve the purpose of multi-row simultaneous harvesting.
- the overall installation method is simple and reliable, and matches the lifting action of the lifting frame.
- the single-row plucking and cutting rod device 303 includes an obliquely arranged plucking and cutting rod bracket 304.
- the plucking and cutting rod brackets 301 are respectively provided with a plucking mechanism 305, a cutting rod mechanism 306 and a plucking and cutting rod driving mechanism 307 that cooperate with each other. and the cutting rod mechanism 306 to provide power, the cutting rod mechanism 305 is arranged obliquely, the cutting rod mechanism 306 is set horizontally, and the cutting rod mechanism 306 is used to align the garlic on the cutting rod mechanism 305 to cut the rods.
- the plucking mechanism 305 includes two plucking clamping belts 3051 for clamping and conveying garlic and arranged at intervals.
- the driving pulley 3053, the driving pulley 3052 is installed on the cutting rod bracket 304 through the driving shaft 3054, and the driven pulley 3053 is installed on the cutting rod through the driving shaft 3055.
- a plurality of plucking tensioning pulleys 3056 are arranged between the plucking driving pulley 3052 and the plucking driven pulley 3053; Garlic and spaced apart two aligning clamping belts 3061, one end of the aligning clamping belt 3061 is provided with a cutting rod driving pulley 3062, and the other end is provided with a cutting rod driven pulley 3063, the cutting rod driving pulley 3062 is installed on the cutting rod bracket 304 through the cutting rod driving shaft 3064, and the cutting rod driven pulley 3063 is installed on the cutting rod support 304 through the cutting rod driven shaft 3065, and the cutting rod is driven
- the shaft 3064 is provided with a cutter 3066
- the plucking and cutting rod driving mechanism 307 includes a plucking and cutting rod hydraulic motor 3071, and the plucking and cutting rod hydraulic motor 3071 is respectively connected with the two plucking and cutting driving shafts 3054 through gear transmission.
- the cutting rod driving shaft 3054 is connected with the cutting rod driving shaft 3064 through a power belt transmission and a universal joint 3079.
- a power belt transmission and a universal joint 3079 By using two conveyor pulleys to realize the functions of clamping, conveying and aligning and clamping, it has the advantages of easy aligning and neat cutting.
- a hydraulic motor By using a hydraulic motor, it can drive both the plucking motion and the cutting rod motion. The overall operation of cutting rod and weeding is more stable and reliable.
- the gear transmission includes a driving gear 3072 connected with the Pinghe hydraulic motor 3071, the driving gear 3071 is respectively connected with Pinghe gear A3073 and an intermediate transmission gear 3074, and the intermediate transmission gear 3074 is connected with Pinghe gear B3075,
- the plucking gear A3073 is connected with one plucking drive shaft 3054
- the plucking gear B3073 is connected with the other plucking drive shaft 3054
- the power belt transmission includes a power transmission driving pulley 3076 and a power transmission driven belt pulley 3077
- the power transmission driving pulley 3076 is arranged on the plucking drive shaft 3054
- the power transmission driven pulley 3077 is installed on the plucking bar bracket 304 through the power transmission driven shaft 3078
- the A power transmission belt 3079 is arranged between the power transmission driving pulley 3076 and the power transmission driven pulley 3077
- the power transmission driven shaft 3078 is connected with the cutting rod driving shaft 3064 through the universal joint 3080 .
- the garlic rod discharge device 4 includes a garlic rod grabbing mechanism and a garlic rod conveying mechanism, and the garlic rod grabbing mechanism grabs and sends the garlic rod cut off by the plucking and cutting rod device into the garlic rod conveying mechanism, The garlic rod conveying mechanism centrally discharges the garlic rod.
- the garlic rod grabbing mechanism includes two grabbing shafts 401 arranged on the traveling vehicle body 1 at an oblique interval, and a plurality of grabbing plates 402 are evenly spaced on the grabbing shafts 401 along the circumferential direction.
- One end of the grabbing shaft 401 is connected to the grabbing hydraulic motor 404 through a chain drive A403.
- the garlic rod conveying mechanism includes two garlic rod conveyor belts 405 arranged at symmetrical intervals, and a discharge port 406 is provided between the two garlic rod conveyor belts 405.
- the two ends of the garlic rod conveyor belt 405 are respectively provided with garlic rod conveyor belt pulleys 407
- one of the garlic rod conveyor belt pulleys 407 is connected with the garlic rod conveyor hydraulic motor 408.
- the separated garlic stalks can be accurately grasped and centrally discharged, and the collection and discharge efficiency of the garlic stalks is high, and the harvest of other rows of garlic is not affected.
- the garlic head conveying device 5 includes a transverse conveying mechanism and a longitudinal lifting conveying mechanism, and the transverse conveying mechanism is used for receiving the garlic heads cut by the plucking and cutting rod device and laterally transporting the garlic heads to the longitudinal lifting conveying mechanism, and the The longitudinal conveying mechanism lifts and conveys the garlic head longitudinally to the diversion bagging device.
- the lateral conveying mechanism includes a horizontally arranged chain conveyor belt A501, two ends of the chain conveyor belt A501 are respectively provided with sprocket sets A502, one of the sprocket sets A502 is connected with a hydraulic motor A503, and the longitudinal lifting conveying mechanism is It includes a longitudinally inclined chain conveyor belt B504, two ends of the chain conveyor belt B504 are respectively provided with sprocket sets B505, one of the sprocket sets B505 is connected with a hydraulic motor B507 through a chain drive B506. Realize the delivery of garlic heads to the rear of the harvester, which is convenient for shunting the garlic heads for online bagging and collection.
- the shunt bagging device 6 includes an installation frame 601 on which a transverse conveyor belt 602 is provided, and transverse conveyor belt pulleys 603 are respectively provided at both ends of the transverse conveyor belt 602, one of which passes through the transverse conveyor belt pulley 603.
- the chain drive C604 is connected to the transverse conveying hydraulic motor 605.
- a plurality of diverters 605 are arranged above the transverse conveying belt 602 at intervals along the garlic head conveying direction. All the garlic heads on the transverse conveyor belt 602 are divided, and each of the diverters 605 is correspondingly provided with a bagging hopper 606. The diverter 605 diverts the garlic heads on the transverse conveyor belt 602 into the bagging hopper 606.
- a garlic bag conveying mechanism 607 is provided below the bagging hopper 606 .
- the shunt bagging device of the present application firstly shunts the garlic heads evenly into multiple strands, and each garlic head is bagged and collected separately, so as to fundamentally solve the problem of garlic bulbs. The problem of slow bagging.
- the shunt 605 includes a shunt bracket 6051 arranged on the mounting frame 601, and the shunt bracket 6051 is provided with a shunt driving pulley 6052 and a shunt driven pulley 6053 at intervals.
- a shunt conveyor belt 6054 is arranged between the driven pulleys 6053, and the shunt drive pulley 6052 is connected to a shunt hydraulic motor 6055.
- the garlic bag conveying mechanism 607 includes a longitudinally arranged garlic bag conveyor belt 6071. The garlic bag conveys Both ends of the belt 6071 are respectively provided with garlic bag conveying pulleys 6072, wherein one of the garlic bag conveying pulleys 6072 is connected to the garlic bag conveying hydraulic motor 6074 through a chain drive D6073.
- the diverter of the present application can adjust the diversion width (diversion size) by changing the distance between the diversion driving pulley and the diversion driven pulley, so as to realize the purpose of diverting the flow from front to back in sequence, and the last diverter diverts all the garlic heads.
- This active diversion method effectively improves the diversion speed and accurately diverts the garlic to the bagging hopper, which significantly improves the bagging speed.
- the traveling vehicle body 1 includes a body, a chassis, an engine, a hydraulic system and a cab 12, the engine is used to provide a power source, and the hydraulic system is used to drive the vibrating excavation device 2, the plucking bar device 3, The garlic stick conveying device 4, the garlic head conveying device 5 and the shunt bagging device 6 move.
- the running vehicle body can be assembled mainly by using existing equipment, which is not the focus of the present invention.
- the lifting frame 7 When in use, the lifting frame 7 is oriented by the lifting hydraulic cylinder 8, and then walking and harvesting are carried out, the excavation shovel 208 of the vibrating excavating device 2 is vibrating excavation, and then the plucking and cutting rod device 3 is plucking the garlic after the vibration excavation, and in the In the process of pulling weeds, the stem cutting process is carried out, the separated garlic stems are collected and centered and discharged through the garlic stem discharge device 4, and the garlic heads fall on the garlic head conveying device 5 under the action of gravity, and the garlic head conveying device 5 accurately and quickly transports the garlic heads to the distribution device.
- the diverter 605 divides the garlic heads on the lateral conveyor belt 601 into multiple strands (generally split into two strands to meet production requirements), and then each garlic head is bagged through the bagging hopper 606. Collect, and finally transport the filled garlic bags 13 to the ground through the garlic bag conveying mechanism 607, and then load them uniformly. More agronomic links are completed, which solves the problems existing in the prior art.
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Abstract
A self-propelled garlic combine harvester, comprising: a traveling vehicle body (1); a vibration digging device (2) and a plant pulling and stalk cutting device (3) that are arranged on the traveling vehicle body (1) in a vertically movable manner, the vibration digging device (2) being used for digging garlic in a vibration manner, and the plant pulling and stalk cutting device (3) being used for separating garlic bulbs from garlic stalks; a garlic stalk discharge device (4), used for collecting and discharging the garlic stalks; a garlic bulb conveying device (5), used for collecting the garlic bulbs and conveying same to a shunting and packaging device (6); and the shunting and packaging device (6), used for shunting the garlic bulbs into multiple groups and packaging each group of garlic bulbs separately. The advantages of being reasonable in structural design, small in digging resistance, neat in stalk cutting, available for online packaging, high in overall harvesting efficiency, etc. are provided.
Description
本发明涉及大蒜收获设备技术领域,具体涉及一种机械化程度更高、收获效率更高的自走式大蒜联合收获机。The invention relates to the technical field of garlic harvesting equipment, in particular to a self-propelled garlic combine harvester with higher degree of mechanization and higher harvesting efficiency.
大蒜收获机是在大蒜成熟时用机械对大蒜挖掘、拔禾、切茎(切杆)、收集、转运等农艺环节或单项、或多项、或全部环节进行收获的农机具。现有大蒜收获机的机械化程度不高,一般只能实现一项或几项农艺环节,例如有的大蒜收获机只能实现大蒜的挖掘,后期的处理全部依靠人工完成,又如有的大蒜收获机只能实现挖掘和拔禾切杆农艺环节,而无法实现在线装袋的农艺环节,通过对现有大蒜收获机进行分析可知,现有的大蒜收获机整体存在机械化程度低、完成的农艺环节少、收获效率低等问题。制约大蒜收获机进一步发展的主要因素有以下几点:一是挖掘阻力大,大蒜收获与传统农作物小麦、玉米收获不同,大蒜收获必须要先进行挖掘,现有大蒜收获机的挖掘方式都是将挖掘铲直接斜***地下进行挖掘,挖掘时阻力非常大,占用发动机功率过大,导致大蒜收获机动力不足、收获效率低且没有多余的动力完成其他农艺环节;二是拔禾切杆的切杆精度较低,切杆长度不一,不利于后期蒜头的收集和加工;三是现有大蒜收获机不能实现在线装袋农艺环节,或者有在线装袋功能,但是装袋速度严重滞后于大蒜收获速度,为了与装袋速度相匹配,现有大蒜收获机不得不降低运行速度,以牺牲收获效率为代价进行在线装袋,由于现有在线装袋设 备存在上述缺陷,导致其难以在大蒜收获机上推广和应用。因此,要想整体提高大蒜收获机的工作性能,必须要对现有大蒜挖掘、拔禾切杆及在线装袋结构中的至少一关键影响因素进行改进或改变,以期提高大蒜收获机的收获效率和机械化程度。The garlic harvester is an agricultural machine that uses machinery to harvest garlic in agronomic links such as digging, plucking, cutting stems (cutting stems), collection, and transportation when garlic is mature. The degree of mechanization of the existing garlic harvesters is not high, and generally only one or several agronomic links can be realized. For example, some garlic harvesters can only realize the digging of garlic, and the later processing is all done manually. The machine can only realize the agronomic links of digging and cutting the poles, but cannot realize the agronomic links of online bagging. Through the analysis of the existing garlic harvesters, it can be seen that the existing garlic harvesters have low degree of mechanization and complete agronomic links as a whole. less and less harvesting efficiency. The main factors restricting the further development of the garlic harvester are as follows: First, the digging resistance is large. The garlic harvesting is different from the traditional crops of wheat and corn. The garlic harvesting must be excavated first. The excavation shovel is directly obliquely inserted into the ground for excavation. When excavating, the resistance is very large, and the engine power is too large, resulting in insufficient power of the garlic harvester, low harvesting efficiency, and no excess power to complete other agronomic links; the second is the cutting rod of the plucking and cutting rod. The accuracy is low, and the length of the cutting rod is different, which is not conducive to the collection and processing of garlic in the later stage. Third, the existing garlic harvester cannot realize the agronomic link of online bagging, or has the function of online bagging, but the bagging speed seriously lags behind the garlic harvest. Speed, in order to match the bagging speed, the existing garlic harvester has to reduce the running speed, and carry out online bagging at the expense of harvesting efficiency. Due to the above-mentioned defects of the existing online bagging equipment, it is difficult to be installed on the garlic harvester. promotion and application. Therefore, in order to improve the working performance of the garlic harvester as a whole, it is necessary to improve or change at least one key influencing factor in the existing garlic digging, plucking and cutting rods and in-line bagging structures, in order to improve the harvesting efficiency of the garlic harvester. and degree of mechanization.
需要说明的是,上述内容属于发明人的技术认知范畴,并不必然构成现有技术。It should be noted that the above content belongs to the technical cognition category of the inventor, and does not necessarily constitute the prior art.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于解决现有技术所存在的问题,提供一种自走式大蒜联合收获机,具有结构设计合理、挖掘阻力小、切杆整齐、在线装袋、整机收获效率高等优点。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a self-propelled garlic combine harvester, which has the advantages of reasonable structure design, low digging resistance, neat cutting rods, online bagging, and high harvesting efficiency of the whole machine.
本发明通过采取以下技术方案实现上述目的:The present invention realizes above-mentioned purpose by adopting following technical scheme:
自走式大蒜联合收获机,包括:行驶车体;升降自如设置在所述行驶车体上的振动挖掘装置和拔禾切杆装置,所述振动挖掘装置用于振动挖掘大蒜,拔禾切杆装置用于分离蒜头和蒜杆;蒜杆排放装置,用于收集排放蒜杆;蒜头输送装置,用于将蒜头收集输送至分流装袋装置;A self-propelled garlic combine harvester includes: a traveling vehicle body; a vibrating excavating device and a plucking and cutting bar device that can be freely lifted and lowered on the traveling vehicle body. The device is used to separate the garlic head and the garlic rod; the garlic rod discharge device is used to collect and discharge the garlic rod; the garlic head conveying device is used to collect and transport the garlic head to the shunt bagging device;
分流装袋装置,用于将蒜头分流成多股,每股蒜头单独装袋。The split bagging device is used to split the garlic heads into multiple strands, and each garlic head is individually bagged.
所述行驶车体前端铰接有升降架,所述升降架与行驶车体之间设有升降液压缸,所述振动挖掘装置和拔禾切杆装置分别设置在所述升降架上,所述升降架前端设有限深轮,所述限深轮前端设有分禾器。所述振动挖掘装置包括通过轴承和轴承座安装在所述升降架上的挖掘转轴,所述挖掘转轴一端通过带传动与挖掘液压马达连接,所述挖 掘转轴上设有多个偏心套,所述偏心套通过轴承与铲臂连接,所述铲臂下端设有挖掘铲,所述铲臂与所述升降架之间还设有约束所述挖掘铲运行的约束器。The front end of the traveling vehicle body is hinged with a lifting frame, a lifting hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the lifting frame and the traveling vehicle body, and the vibration excavating device and the plucking bar device are respectively arranged on the lifting frame. The front end of the frame is provided with a depth limiting wheel, and the front end of the depth limiting wheel is provided with a crop divider. The vibrating excavation device includes an excavation shaft mounted on the lifting frame through a bearing and a bearing seat, one end of the excavation shaft is connected to the excavation hydraulic motor through a belt drive, and a plurality of eccentric sleeves are arranged on the excavation shaft. The eccentric sleeve is connected with the shovel arm through a bearing, the lower end of the shovel arm is provided with an excavation shovel, and a restrainer for restricting the operation of the shovel is also arranged between the shovel arm and the lifting frame.
所述约束器包括固定杆和连杆,所述固定杆一端安装在所述升降架上,另一端设有约束环,所述连杆一端与所述铲臂铰接连接,另一端设有约束轴,所述约束轴安装在所述约束环内,所述约束轴直径小于所述约束环内径。The restraint includes a fixed rod and a connecting rod, one end of the fixed rod is mounted on the lifting frame, the other end is provided with a restraining ring, one end of the connecting rod is hingedly connected with the shovel arm, and the other end is provided with a restraining shaft , the restraint shaft is installed in the restraint ring, and the diameter of the restraint shaft is smaller than the inner diameter of the restraint ring.
所述拔禾切杆装置包括间隔设置的支撑转轴A和支撑转轴B,所述支撑转轴A铰接设置在所述行驶车体上,所述支撑转轴B铰接设置在所述升降架上,所述支撑转轴A和支撑转轴B上依次设有多个单行拔禾切杆器,所述拔禾切杆器前端设有扶禾器,所述拔禾切杆装置下方设有所述蒜头输送装置,后方设有蒜杆排放装置。The plucking and cutting bar device includes a supporting shaft A and a supporting shaft B arranged at intervals, the supporting shaft A is hingedly arranged on the traveling vehicle body, the supporting shaft B is hingedly arranged on the lifting frame, and the The support shaft A and the support shaft B are sequentially provided with a plurality of single-row plucking and cutting rods, the front end of the plucking and cutting rods is provided with a grass supporter, and the bottom of the plucking and cutting rod device is provided with the garlic head conveying device, There is a garlic stick discharge device at the rear.
所述单行拔禾切杆器包括倾斜设置的拔禾切杆支架,所述拔禾切杆支架一端安装在所述支撑转轴A上,中部安装在所述支撑转轴B上,所述拔禾切杆支架上分别设有相互配合工作的拔禾机构、切杆机构和拔禾切杆驱动机构,所述拔禾切杆驱动机构用于给拔禾机构和切杆机构提供动力,所述拔禾机构倾斜设置,所述切杆机构水平设置,所述切杆机构用于将所述拔禾机构上的大蒜拉齐切杆。The single-row plucking and cutting rod device includes an inclined plucking and cutting rod bracket, one end of the plucking and cutting rod bracket is installed on the support shaft A, and the middle part is installed on the support shaft B. The rod bracket is respectively provided with a plucking mechanism, a cutting rod mechanism and a plucking and cutting rod driving mechanism that cooperate with each other. The mechanism is set obliquely, the cutting rod mechanism is set horizontally, and the cutting rod mechanism is used to align the garlic on the plucking mechanism to the cutting rod.
所述拔禾机构包括用于夹持输送大蒜且间隔设置的两拔禾夹持带,所述拔禾夹持带一端设有拔禾主动带轮,另一端设有拔禾从动带轮,所述拔禾主动带轮通过拔禾主动轴安装在所述拔禾切杆支架上,所述拔禾从动带轮通过拔禾从动轴安装在所述拔禾切杆支架上,所述 拔禾主动带轮与拔禾从动带轮之间设有多个拔禾涨紧带轮;所述切杆机构包括用于拉齐大蒜且间隔设置的两拉齐夹持带,所述拉齐夹持带一端设有切杆主动带轮,另一端设有切杆从动带轮,所述切杆主动带轮通过切杆主动轴安装在所述拔禾切杆支架,所述切杆从动带轮通过切杆从动轴安装在所述拔禾切杆支架,所述切杆主动轴上设有切刀,所述拔禾切杆驱动机构包括拔禾切杆液压马达,所述拔禾切杆液压马达通过齿轮传动分别与两所述拔禾主动轴连接,所述拔禾主动轴通过动力传输带传动和万向联轴器与所述切杆主动轴连接。The weed-pulling mechanism comprises two weed-pulling clamping belts for clamping and conveying garlic and arranged at intervals, one end of the weed-pulling clamping belt is provided with a weed-pulling active pulley, and the other end is provided with a weed-pulling driven pulley, The plucking active pulley is installed on the plucking and cutting rod bracket through the plucking driving shaft, and the plucking driven pulley is installed on the plucking and cutting rod bracket through the plucking driven shaft. A plurality of pulling heave tensioning pulleys are arranged between the pulling heave driving pulley and the hehe pulling pulley; One end of the clamping belt is provided with a cutting rod driving pulley, and the other end is provided with a cutting rod driven pulley. The cutting rod driving pulley is installed on the cutting rod support through the cutting rod driving shaft. The driven pulley is installed on the plucking and cutting rod bracket through the cutting rod driven shaft, the cutting rod driving shaft is provided with a cutter, the plucking and cutting rod driving mechanism includes a plucking and cutting rod hydraulic motor, and the The pulling and cutting rod hydraulic motors are respectively connected with the two cutting rod driving shafts through gear transmission, and the cutting rod driving shafts are connected with the cutting rod driving shafts through power transmission belt transmission and universal coupling.
所述齿轮传动包括与拔禾液压马达连接的驱动齿轮,所述驱动齿轮分别与拔禾齿轮A和中间传动齿轮连接,所述中间传动齿轮与拔禾齿轮B连接,所述拔禾齿轮A与其中一个拔禾主动轴连接,所述拔禾齿轮B与另一个拔禾主动轴连接,所述动力传输带传动包括动力传输主动带轮和动力传输从动带轮,所述动力传输主动带轮设置在所述拔禾主动轴上,所述动力传输从动带轮通过动力传输从动轴安装在拔禾切杆支架上,所述动力传输主动带轮与动力传输从动带轮之间设有动力传输带,所述动力传输从动轴通过所述万向联轴器与所述切杆主动轴连接。The gear transmission includes a driving gear connected with the pulling heave hydraulic motor, the driving gear is respectively connected with the pullinghe One of the driving shafts is connected, the gear B is connected with the other driving shaft, and the power transmission belt drive includes a power transmission driving pulley and a power transmission driven pulley. The power transmission driving pulley It is arranged on the plucking drive shaft, the power transmission driven pulley is installed on the plucking pole bracket through the power transmission driven shaft, and the power transmission drive pulley and the power transmission driven pulley are arranged between the There is a power transmission belt, and the power transmission driven shaft is connected with the cutting rod driving shaft through the universal joint.
所述蒜杆排放装置包括蒜杆抓取机构和蒜杆输送机构,所述蒜杆抓取机构将所述拔禾切杆装置切断的蒜杆抓取并送入所述蒜杆输送机构,所述蒜杆输送机构将蒜杆对中排放。The garlic rod discharging device includes a garlic rod grabbing mechanism and a garlic rod conveying mechanism, and the garlic rod grabbing mechanism grabs and sends the garlic rod cut off by the plucking and cutting rod device into the garlic rod conveying mechanism, so the The garlic rod conveying mechanism centrally discharges the garlic rods.
所述蒜杆抓取机构包括倾斜间隔设置在所述行驶车体上的两抓取转轴,所述抓取转轴上沿圆周方向均匀间隔设有多个抓取板,两所 述抓取转轴一端通过链传动A与抓取液压马达连接,所述蒜杆输送机构包括对称间隔设置的两蒜杆输送带,两所述蒜杆输送带之间设有排放口,所述蒜杆输送带两端分别设有蒜杆输送带轮,其中一个所述蒜杆输送带轮与蒜杆输送液压马达连接。The garlic rod grabbing mechanism includes two grabbing shafts arranged on the traveling vehicle body at an inclination interval, and a plurality of grabbing plates are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the grabbing shafts, and one end of the two grabbing shafts is Connected to the grabbing hydraulic motor through chain drive A, the garlic rod conveying mechanism includes two garlic rod conveyor belts arranged symmetrically at intervals, a discharge port is provided between the two garlic rod conveyor belts, and both ends of the garlic rod conveyor belt Garlic stick conveying pulleys are respectively provided, and one of the garlic stick conveying pulleys is connected with the garlic stick conveying hydraulic motor.
所述蒜头输送装置包括横向输送机构和纵向提升输送机构,所述横向输送机构用于接收所述拔禾切杆装置切断后的蒜头并将蒜头横向输送至所述纵向提升输送机构,所述纵向输送机构将蒜头纵向提升输送至所述分流装袋装置。The garlic head conveying device includes a transverse conveying mechanism and a longitudinal lifting conveying mechanism, the transverse conveying mechanism is used for receiving the garlic heads cut by the plucking and cutting rod device and laterally transporting the garlic heads to the longitudinal lifting conveying mechanism, the longitudinal The conveying mechanism lifts and conveys the garlic head longitudinally to the diversion bagging device.
所述横向输送机构包括横向设置的链条输送带A,所述链条输送带A两端分别设有链轮组A,其中一所述链轮组A与液压马达A连接,所述纵向提升输送机构包括纵向倾斜设置的链条输送带B,所述链条输送带B两端分别设有链轮组B,其中一所述链轮组B通链传动B与液压马达B连接。The transverse conveying mechanism includes a chain conveying belt A arranged transversely, and sprocket groups A are respectively provided at both ends of the chain conveying belt A, wherein one of the sprocket groups A is connected with the hydraulic motor A, and the longitudinal lifting conveying mechanism is It includes a chain conveyor belt B arranged obliquely in the longitudinal direction. The two ends of the chain conveyor belt B are respectively provided with sprocket sets B, wherein one of the sprocket sets B is connected with the hydraulic motor B through the chain transmission B.
所述分流装袋装置包括安装架,所述安装架上设有横向输送带,所述横向输送带两端分别设有横向输送带轮,其中一个横向输送带轮通过链传动C与横向输送液压马达连接,所述横向输送带上方沿蒜头输送方向间隔设有多个分流器,沿物料输送方向所述分流器的分流宽度逐渐增大直至将所述横向输送带上的蒜头全部分流,每个所述分流器对应设有一装袋料斗,所述分流器将所述横向输送带上的蒜头分流至装袋料斗内,所述装袋料斗下方设有蒜袋输送机构。The diversion bagging device includes a mounting frame on which a transverse conveying belt is provided, and transverse conveying pulleys are respectively provided at both ends of the transverse conveying belt, one of which is connected with the transverse conveying hydraulic pressure through chain transmission C. The motor is connected, and a plurality of shunts are arranged at intervals along the garlic head conveying direction above the horizontal conveyor belt. The diverter is correspondingly provided with a bagging hopper, the diverter diverts the garlic heads on the horizontal conveying belt into the bagging hopper, and a garlic bag conveying mechanism is arranged below the bagging hopper.
所述分流器包括设置在所述安装架上的分流支架,所述分流支架上间隔设有分流主动带轮和分流从动带轮,所述分流主动带轮与分流 从动带轮之间设有分流输送带,所述分流主动带轮与分流液压马达连接,所述蒜袋输送机构包括纵向设置的蒜袋输送带,所述蒜袋输送带两端分别设有蒜袋输送带轮,其中一所述蒜袋输送带轮通过链传动D与蒜袋输送液压马达连接。The shunt includes a shunt bracket arranged on the mounting frame, and a shunt drive pulley and a shunt driven pulley are spaced on the shunt bracket, and a shunt drive pulley and a shunt driven pulley are arranged between the shunt drive pulley and the shunt driven pulley. There is a shunt conveyor belt, the shunt driving pulley is connected with the shunt hydraulic motor, the garlic bag conveying mechanism includes a longitudinally arranged garlic bag conveyor belt, and both ends of the garlic bag conveyor belt are respectively provided with garlic bag conveyor belt pulleys, wherein 1. The garlic bag conveying pulley is connected with the garlic bag conveying hydraulic motor through the chain drive D.
所述行驶车体包括车身、底盘、发动机、液压***和驾驶室,所述发动机用于提供动力源,所述液压***用于驱动所述振动挖掘装置、拔禾切杆装置、蒜杆输送装置、蒜头输送装置和分流装袋装置运动。The traveling vehicle body includes a body, a chassis, an engine, a hydraulic system and a cab, the engine is used to provide a power source, and the hydraulic system is used to drive the vibration excavation device, the plucking bar device, and the garlic bar conveying device. , garlic head conveying device and shunt bagging device movement.
本发明采用上述结构,能够带来如下有益效果:The present invention adopts the above-mentioned structure, and can bring the following beneficial effects:
(1)通过在行驶车体上分别设计振动挖掘装置、拔禾切杆装置、蒜杆排放装置、蒜头输送装置和分流装袋装置,整机机械化程度高、完成的农艺环节多、进一步降低劳动强度、提高收获效率。(1) By designing the vibrating excavating device, the plucking and cutting rod device, the garlic rod discharging device, the garlic head conveying device and the shunt bagging device respectively on the traveling vehicle body, the whole machine has a high degree of mechanization, completes many agronomic links, and further reduces labor strength and improve harvesting efficiency.
(2)改变现有挖掘方式及结构,现有挖掘铲在工作时是深入地下竖向方向没有变动,而本申请的挖掘铲是做振动运动的,在挖掘过程中不仅实现竖向方向的振动,而且还会有一个向后抛的运动,整体运动轨迹近似先深入土壤铲一下,然后再将铲到的土壤向后抛一下,另外,在约束器的作用下挖掘铲的振动运动幅度不会很大,这样既能满足挖掘的需求,又能降低挖掘阻力。(2) Change the existing excavation method and structure. The existing excavation shovel goes deep into the ground and the vertical direction does not change during operation, while the excavation shovel of the present application performs vibration movement, which not only realizes vertical vibration during the excavation process , and there will also be a backward throwing motion. The overall motion trajectory is similar to shoveling deeply into the soil, and then throwing the shoveled soil backwards. In addition, under the action of the restraint, the vibration amplitude of the excavating shovel will not It is very large, which can not only meet the needs of excavation, but also reduce the excavation resistance.
(3)通过对拔禾切杆结构进行改进,使拔禾机构与切杆机构配合更加合理,切杆更加整齐,且进一步提高了切杆效率。(3) By improving the structure of the plucking and cutting rod, the coordination between the plucking mechanism and the cutting rod mechanism is more reasonable, the cutting rod is more neat, and the cutting rod efficiency is further improved.
(4)通过设计分流装袋装置,改变传统的装袋方式和结构,本申请的分流装袋装置首先将蒜头均匀的分流成多股,每股蒜头分别进行装袋收集,这样一来从根本上解决蒜头装袋速度慢的问题。(4) The traditional bagging method and structure are changed by designing the diversion bagging device. The diversion bagging device of the present application firstly divides the garlic heads into multiple strands evenly, and each garlic head is bagged and collected, so as to fundamentally Solve the problem of slow bagging speed of garlic.
图1为发明自走式大蒜联合收获机的立体结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structural representation of invention self-propelled garlic combine harvester;
图2为本发明自走式大蒜联合收获机的另一视角结构示意图;Fig. 2 is another perspective structural representation of the self-propelled garlic combine harvester of the present invention;
图3为本发明振动挖掘装置的结构示意图;Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the vibration excavation device of the present invention;
图4为图3A部的局部放大图;Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of part A of Fig. 3;
图5为本发明单行拔禾切杆器的结构示意图;Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the single-row weave cutter of the present invention;
图6为本发明单行拔禾切杆器的侧视结构示意图;Fig. 6 is the side view structure schematic diagram of the single-row weed cutter of the present invention;
图7为本发明单行拔禾切杆器的齿轮传动示意图;Fig. 7 is the gear transmission schematic diagram of the single-row weed cutter of the present invention;
图8为本发明分流装袋装置的结构示意图;FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the shunt bagging device of the present invention;
图9为本发明分流部分的结构示意图;Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the shunt part of the present invention;
图10为本发明分流部分的俯视结构示意图;Fig. 10 is the top-view structure schematic diagram of the shunt part of the present invention;
图11为本发明分流器的结构示意图;Fig. 11 is the structural representation of the shunt of the present invention;
图中,1、行驶车体,2、振动挖掘装置,201、轴承,202、轴承座,203、挖掘转轴,204、带传动,205、挖掘液压马达,206、偏心套,207、铲臂,208、挖掘铲,209、约束器,2091、固定杆,2092、连杆,2093、约束环,2094、约束轴,3、拔禾切杆装置,301、支撑转轴A,302、支撑转轴B,303、单行拔禾切杆器,304、拔禾切杆支架,305、拔禾机构,3051、拔禾夹持带,3052、拔禾主动带轮,3053、拔禾从动带轮,3054、拔禾主动轴,3055、拔禾从动轴,3056、拔禾涨紧带轮,306、切杆机构,3061、拉齐夹持带,3062、切杆主动带轮,3063、切杆从动带轮,3064、切杆主动轴,3065、切杆从动轴,3066、切刀,307、拔禾切杆驱动机构,3071、拔禾切杆液压马达, 3072、驱动齿轮,3073、拔禾齿轮A,3074、中间传动齿轮,3075、拔禾齿轮B,3076、动力传输主动带轮,3077、动力传输从动带轮,3078、动力传输从动轴,3079、动力传输带,3080、万向联轴器,4、蒜杆排放装置,401、抓取转轴,402、抓取板,403、链传动A,404、抓取液压马达,405、蒜杆输送带,406、排放口,407、蒜杆输送带轮,408、蒜杆输送液压马达,5、蒜头输送装置,501、链条输送带A,502、链轮组A,503、液压马达A,504、链条输送带B,505、链轮组B,506、链传动B,507、液压马达B,6、分流装袋装置,601、安装架,602、横向输送带,603、横向输送带轮,604、链传动C,605、分流器,6051、分流支架,6052、分流主动带轮,6053、分流从动带轮,6054、分流输送带,6055、分流液压马达,606、装袋料斗,607、蒜袋输送机构,6071、蒜袋输送带,6072、蒜袋输送带轮,6073、链传动D,6074、蒜袋输送液压马达,7、升降架,8、升降液压马达,9、限深轮,10、分禾器,11、扶禾器,12、驾驶室,13、蒜袋。In the figure, 1, traveling vehicle body, 2, vibrating excavation device, 201, bearing, 202, bearing seat, 203, excavation shaft, 204, belt drive, 205, excavation hydraulic motor, 206, eccentric sleeve, 207, shovel arm, 208, digging shovel, 209, restraint, 2091, fixed rod, 2092, connecting rod, 2093, restraint ring, 2094, restraint shaft, 3, plucking and cutting rod device, 301, support shaft A, 302, support shaft B, 303, single-row plucking and cutting rod, 304, plucking and cutting pole bracket, 305, plucking mechanism, 3051, plucking clamping belt, 3052, plucking active pulley, 3053, plucking driven pulley, 3054, Pulling heave drive shaft, 3055, pullhe driven shaft, 3056, pullhe tensioning pulley, 306, cutting rod mechanism, 3061, Lashi clamping belt, 3062, cutting rod driving pulley, 3063, cutting rod driven Pulley, 3064, Cutting Rod Drive Shaft, 3065, Cutting Rod Driven Shaft, 3066, Cutter, 307, Pulling and Cutting Rod Drive Mechanism, 3071, Pulling and Cutting Rod Hydraulic Motor, 3072, Drive Gear, 3073, Pulling and Cutting Rod Gear A, 3074, Intermediate Transmission Gear, 3075, Pulling Gear B, 3076, Power Transmission Drive Pulley, 3077, Power Transmission Driven Pulley, 3078, Power Transmission Driven Shaft, 3079, Power Transmission Belt, 3080, 10,000 Toward coupling, 4. Garlic stem discharge device, 401, Grab shaft, 402, Grab plate, 403, Chain drive A, 404, Grab hydraulic motor, 405, Garlic stem conveyor belt, 406, Discharge port, 407 , Garlic rod conveyor pulley, 408, garlic rod conveyor hydraulic motor, 5, garlic head conveyor device, 501, chain conveyor belt A, 502, sprocket group A, 503, hydraulic motor A, 504, chain conveyor belt B, 505, Sprocket set B, 506, Chain drive B, 507, Hydraulic motor B, 6, Diverter bagging device, 601, Mounting frame, 602, Transverse conveyor belt, 603, Transverse conveyor pulley, 604, Chain drive C, 605, Diverter, 6051, Diverting bracket, 6052, Diverting driving pulley, 6053, Diverting driven pulley, 6054, Diverting conveyor belt, 6055, Diverting hydraulic motor, 606, Bag filling hopper, 607, Garlic bag conveying mechanism, 6071, Garlic Bag Conveyor Belt, 6072, Garlic Bag Conveyor Pulley, 6073, Chain Drive D, 6074, Garlic Bag Conveyor Hydraulic Motor, 7, Lifting Frame, 8, Lifting Hydraulic Motor, 9, Depth Limiting Wheel, 10, Harvest Divider, 11. Heating device, 12. Cab, 13. Garlic bag.
为了更清楚的阐释本发明的整体构思,下面结合说明书附图以示例的方式进行详细说明。In order to more clearly illustrate the overall concept of the present invention, the following detailed description is given by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明,但是,本发明还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施,因此,本发明的保护范围并不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。Many specific details are set forth in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific details disclosed below. Example limitations.
本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述,各个实施例之 间相同相似的部分互相参见即可,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.
此外,术语“横向”、“纵向”、“A”、“B”、“C”、“D”等术语仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的位置。In addition, terms such as "horizontal", "longitudinal", "A", "B", "C", "D" etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance or to imply that indicated location of the technical characteristics.
在本发明中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或成一体;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or into one; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.
如图1-11所示,自走式大蒜联合收获机,包括:行驶车体1;升降自如设置在所述行驶车体1上的振动挖掘装置2和拔禾切杆装置3,所述振动挖掘装置2用于振动挖掘大蒜,拔禾切杆装置3用于分离蒜头和蒜杆;蒜杆排放装置4,用于收集排放蒜杆;As shown in Figures 1-11, the self-propelled garlic combine harvester includes: a traveling vehicle body 1; a vibration excavating device 2 and a plucking and cutting bar device 3 that are freely arranged on the traveling vehicle body 1, and the vibration The digging device 2 is used for vibration digging garlic, and the plucking and cutting rod device 3 is used to separate the garlic head and the garlic rod; the garlic rod discharge device 4 is used to collect and discharge the garlic rod;
蒜头输送装置5,用于将蒜头收集输送至分流装袋装置6;分流装袋装置6,用于将蒜头分流成多股,每股蒜头单独装袋。通过在行驶车体上分别设计振动挖掘装置2、拔禾切杆装置3、蒜杆排放装置4、蒜头输送装置5和分流装袋装置6,实现整机机械化程度高、完成的农艺环节多、进一步降低劳动强度、提高收获效率。The garlic head conveying device 5 is used for collecting and conveying the garlic heads to the diversion bagging device 6; the diversion bagging device 6 is used for dividing the garlic heads into multiple strands, and each garlic head is individually bagged. By designing the vibrating excavating device 2, the plucking and cutting rod device 3, the garlic rod discharging device 4, the garlic head conveying device 5 and the shunt bagging device 6 respectively on the traveling vehicle body, the high degree of mechanization of the whole machine is realized, and the completed agronomic links are many. Further reduce labor intensity and improve harvesting efficiency.
所述行驶车体1前端铰接有升降架7,所述升降架7与所述行驶车体1之间设有升降液压缸8,所述振动挖掘装置2和拔禾切杆装置3分别设置在所述升降架7上,所述升降架7前端设有限深轮9,所述 限深轮9前端设有分禾器10。升降架的设计是自走式大蒜联合收获机上的常规设计,目的是便于行走与收获之间的切换,虽然升降架的设计是常规的,但本申请的振动挖掘装置2及拔禾切杆装置3与升降架7的连接方式是有区别的。The front end of the traveling vehicle body 1 is hinged with a lifting frame 7, and a lifting hydraulic cylinder 8 is arranged between the lifting frame 7 and the traveling vehicle body 1. On the lifting frame 7 , a depth limiting wheel 9 is arranged at the front end of the lifting frame 7 , and a crop divider 10 is arranged at the front end of the depth limiting wheel 9 . The design of the lifting frame is a conventional design on the self-propelled garlic combine harvester, and the purpose is to facilitate the switching between walking and harvesting. 3 and the lifting frame 7 are connected differently.
所述振动挖掘装置2包括通过轴承201和轴承座202安装在所述升降架7上的挖掘转轴203,所述挖掘转轴203一端通过带传动204与挖掘液压马达205连接,所述挖掘转轴203上设有多个偏心套206,所述偏心套206通过轴承与铲臂207连接,所述铲臂207下端设有挖掘铲208,所述铲臂207与所述升降架7之间还设有约束所述挖掘铲208运行的约束器209。本申请的挖掘铲在偏心套206及约束器209的作用下实现振动挖掘,改变现有挖掘方式及结构,现有挖掘铲在工作时是深入地下竖向方向没有变动,而本申请的挖掘铲208是做振动运动的,在挖掘过程中不仅实现竖向方向的振动,而且还会有一个向后抛的运动,整体运动轨迹近似先深入土壤铲一下然后再将铲到的土壤向后抛一下,当然在约束器209的作用下挖掘铲208的运动幅度不会很大,这样既能满足挖掘的需求,又能降低挖掘阻力,使发动机有更多的动力实现其他农艺环节的工作。The vibration excavation device 2 includes an excavation shaft 203 mounted on the lifting frame 7 through a bearing 201 and a bearing seat 202. One end of the excavation shaft 203 is connected to an excavation hydraulic motor 205 through a belt drive 204. A plurality of eccentric sleeves 206 are provided. The eccentric sleeves 206 are connected with the shovel arm 207 through bearings. The lower end of the shovel arm 207 is provided with a digging shovel 208. There is also a constraint between the shovel arm 207 and the lifting frame 7 The excavating shovel 208 operates a restraint 209 . The excavation shovel of the present application realizes vibration excavation under the action of the eccentric sleeve 206 and the restraint 209, which changes the existing excavation method and structure. The existing excavation shovel goes deep into the ground and the vertical direction does not change during operation, while the excavation shovel of the present application The 208 does vibration movement. During the excavation process, it not only realizes vertical vibration, but also has a backward throwing movement. The overall motion trajectory is similar to shoveling deeply into the soil and then throwing the shoveled soil backwards. , Of course, the movement range of the excavating shovel 208 under the action of the restrainer 209 will not be very large, which can not only meet the excavation requirements, but also reduce the excavation resistance, so that the engine has more power to achieve other agronomic work.
所述约束器209包括固定杆2091和连杆2092,所述固定杆2091一端安装在所述升降架7上,另一端设有约束环2093,所述连杆2092一端与所述铲臂207铰接连接,另一端设有约束轴2094,所述约束轴2094安装在所述约束环2093内,所述约束轴2094直径小于所述约束环2093内径。采用约束轴2094与约束环2093配合的方式实现对挖 掘铲振动运动的约束。The restrainer 209 includes a fixing rod 2091 and a connecting rod 2092, one end of the fixing rod 2091 is mounted on the lifting frame 7, and the other end is provided with a restraining ring 2093, one end of the connecting rod 2092 is hinged with the shovel arm 207 The other end is provided with a constraining shaft 2094, the constraining shaft 2094 is installed in the constraining ring 2093, and the diameter of the constraining shaft 2094 is smaller than the inner diameter of the constraining ring 2093. The constraining of the vibration movement of the shovel is realized by the way that the constraining shaft 2094 and the constraining ring 2093 cooperate.
所述拔禾切杆装置3包括间隔设置的支撑转轴A301和支撑转轴B302,所述支撑转轴A301铰接设置在所述行驶车体1上,所述支撑转轴B302铰接设置在所述升降架7上,所述支撑转轴A301和支撑转轴B302上依次设有多个单行拔禾切杆器303,所述拔禾切杆器303前端设有扶禾器11,所述拔禾切杆装置3下方设有所述蒜头输送装置5,后方设有蒜杆排放装置4。通过设计支撑转轴A301和支撑转轴B302的结构形式将多个单行拔禾切杆器303装配在一起实现多行同时收获的目的,整体安装方式简单可靠,且与升降架的升降动作相匹配。The plucking and cutting bar device 3 includes a supporting rotating shaft A301 and a supporting rotating shaft B302 arranged at intervals, the supporting rotating shaft A301 is hingedly arranged on the traveling vehicle body 1, and the supporting rotating shaft B302 is hingedly arranged on the lifting frame 7 , the supporting shaft A301 and the supporting shaft B302 are sequentially provided with a plurality of single-row plucking and cutting rods 303, the front end of the plucking and cutting rods 303 is provided with a grazing device 11, and the lower part of the plucking and cutting rod device 3 is provided There is the garlic head conveying device 5, and the garlic rod discharging device 4 is arranged at the rear. By designing the structural form of the support shaft A301 and the support shaft B302, multiple single-row pluckers 303 are assembled together to achieve the purpose of multi-row simultaneous harvesting. The overall installation method is simple and reliable, and matches the lifting action of the lifting frame.
所述单行拔禾切杆器303包括倾斜设置的拔禾切杆支架304,所述拔禾切杆支架304一端安装在所述支撑转轴A301上,中部安装在所述支撑转轴B302上,所述拔禾切杆支架301上分别设有相互配合工作的拔禾机构305、切杆机构306和拔禾切杆驱动机构307,所述拔禾切杆驱动机构307用于给所述拔禾机构305和切杆机构306提供动力,所述拔禾机构305倾斜设置,所述切杆机构306水平设置,所述切杆机构306用于将所述拔禾机构305上的大蒜拉齐切杆。The single-row plucking and cutting rod device 303 includes an obliquely arranged plucking and cutting rod bracket 304. The plucking and cutting rod brackets 301 are respectively provided with a plucking mechanism 305, a cutting rod mechanism 306 and a plucking and cutting rod driving mechanism 307 that cooperate with each other. and the cutting rod mechanism 306 to provide power, the cutting rod mechanism 305 is arranged obliquely, the cutting rod mechanism 306 is set horizontally, and the cutting rod mechanism 306 is used to align the garlic on the cutting rod mechanism 305 to cut the rods.
所述拔禾机构305包括用于夹持输送大蒜且间隔设置的两拔禾夹持带3051,所述拔禾夹持带3051一端设有拔禾主动带轮3052,另一端设有拔禾从动带轮3053,所述拔禾主动带轮3052通过拔禾主动轴3054安装在所述拔禾切杆支架304上,所述拔禾从动带轮3053通过拔禾从动轴3055安装在所述拔禾切杆支架304上,所述拔禾主动带 轮3052与拔禾从动带轮3053之间设有多个拔禾涨紧带轮3056;所述切杆机构306包括用于拉齐大蒜且间隔设置的两拉齐夹持带3061,所述拉齐夹持带3061一端设有切杆主动带轮3062,另一端设有切杆从动带轮3063,所述切杆主动带轮3062通过切杆主动轴3064安装在所述拔禾切杆支架304,所述切杆从动带轮3063通过切杆从动轴3065安装在所述拔禾切杆支架304,所述切杆主动轴3064上设有切刀3066,所述拔禾切杆驱动机构307包括拔禾切杆液压马达3071,所述拔禾切杆液压马达3071通过齿轮传动分别与两所述拔禾主动轴3054连接,所述拔禾主动轴3054通过动力带传动和万向联轴器3079与所述切杆主动轴3064连接。通过采用两个输送带轮实现夹持输送及拉齐夹持的作用,具有易拉齐,切杆整齐的优点,通过采用一个液压马达实现既能驱动拔禾运动,又能驱动切杆运动,切杆拔禾整体运行更加平稳可靠。The plucking mechanism 305 includes two plucking clamping belts 3051 for clamping and conveying garlic and arranged at intervals. The driving pulley 3053, the driving pulley 3052 is installed on the cutting rod bracket 304 through the driving shaft 3054, and the driven pulley 3053 is installed on the cutting rod through the driving shaft 3055. On the plucking and cutting rod bracket 304, a plurality of plucking tensioning pulleys 3056 are arranged between the plucking driving pulley 3052 and the plucking driven pulley 3053; Garlic and spaced apart two aligning clamping belts 3061, one end of the aligning clamping belt 3061 is provided with a cutting rod driving pulley 3062, and the other end is provided with a cutting rod driven pulley 3063, the cutting rod driving pulley 3062 is installed on the cutting rod bracket 304 through the cutting rod driving shaft 3064, and the cutting rod driven pulley 3063 is installed on the cutting rod support 304 through the cutting rod driven shaft 3065, and the cutting rod is driven The shaft 3064 is provided with a cutter 3066, and the plucking and cutting rod driving mechanism 307 includes a plucking and cutting rod hydraulic motor 3071, and the plucking and cutting rod hydraulic motor 3071 is respectively connected with the two plucking and cutting driving shafts 3054 through gear transmission. , the cutting rod driving shaft 3054 is connected with the cutting rod driving shaft 3064 through a power belt transmission and a universal joint 3079. By using two conveyor pulleys to realize the functions of clamping, conveying and aligning and clamping, it has the advantages of easy aligning and neat cutting. By using a hydraulic motor, it can drive both the plucking motion and the cutting rod motion. The overall operation of cutting rod and weeding is more stable and reliable.
所述齿轮传动包括与所述拔禾液压马达3071连接的驱动齿轮3072,所述驱动齿轮3071分别与拔禾齿轮A3073和中间传动齿轮3074连接,所述中间传动齿轮3074与拔禾齿轮B3075连接,所述拔禾齿轮A3073与其中一个拔禾主动轴3054连接,所述拔禾齿轮B3073与另一个拔禾主动轴3054连接,所述动力带传动包括动力传输主动带轮3076和动力传输从动带轮3077,所述动力传输主动带轮3076设置在所述拔禾主动轴3054上,所述动力传输从动带轮3077通过动力传输从动轴3078安装在拔禾切杆支架304上,所述动力传输主动带轮3076与动力传输从动带轮3077之间设有动力传输带 3079,所述动力传输从动轴3078通过所述万向联轴器3080与所述切杆主动轴3064连接。采用齿轮传动及动力带传动,实现一个液压马达既能给驱动拔禾运动,又能驱动切杆运动。The gear transmission includes a driving gear 3072 connected with the Pinghe hydraulic motor 3071, the driving gear 3071 is respectively connected with Pinghe gear A3073 and an intermediate transmission gear 3074, and the intermediate transmission gear 3074 is connected with Pinghe gear B3075, The plucking gear A3073 is connected with one plucking drive shaft 3054, the plucking gear B3073 is connected with the other plucking drive shaft 3054, and the power belt transmission includes a power transmission driving pulley 3076 and a power transmission driven belt pulley 3077, the power transmission driving pulley 3076 is arranged on the plucking drive shaft 3054, the power transmission driven pulley 3077 is installed on the plucking bar bracket 304 through the power transmission driven shaft 3078, the A power transmission belt 3079 is arranged between the power transmission driving pulley 3076 and the power transmission driven pulley 3077 , and the power transmission driven shaft 3078 is connected with the cutting rod driving shaft 3064 through the universal joint 3080 . Gear transmission and power belt transmission are adopted to realize that a hydraulic motor can not only drive the plucking movement, but also drive the cutting rod movement.
所述蒜杆排放装置4包括蒜杆抓取机构和蒜杆输送机构,所述蒜杆抓取机构将所述拔禾切杆装置切断的蒜杆抓取并送入所述蒜杆输送机构,所述蒜杆输送机构将蒜杆对中排放。The garlic rod discharge device 4 includes a garlic rod grabbing mechanism and a garlic rod conveying mechanism, and the garlic rod grabbing mechanism grabs and sends the garlic rod cut off by the plucking and cutting rod device into the garlic rod conveying mechanism, The garlic rod conveying mechanism centrally discharges the garlic rod.
所述蒜杆抓取机构包括倾斜间隔设置在所述行驶车体1上的两抓取转轴401,所述抓取转轴401上沿圆周方向均匀间隔设有多个抓取板402,两所述抓取转轴401一端通过链传动A403与抓取液压马达404连接,所述蒜杆输送机构包括对称间隔设置的两蒜杆输送带405,两所述蒜杆输送带405之间设有排放口406,所述蒜杆输送带405两端分别设有蒜杆输送带轮407,其中一个所述蒜杆输送带轮407与蒜杆输送液压马达408连接。实现将分离出的蒜杆精确抓取,并集中对中排放,蒜杆收集排放效率高,且不影响其他行大蒜的收获。The garlic rod grabbing mechanism includes two grabbing shafts 401 arranged on the traveling vehicle body 1 at an oblique interval, and a plurality of grabbing plates 402 are evenly spaced on the grabbing shafts 401 along the circumferential direction. One end of the grabbing shaft 401 is connected to the grabbing hydraulic motor 404 through a chain drive A403. The garlic rod conveying mechanism includes two garlic rod conveyor belts 405 arranged at symmetrical intervals, and a discharge port 406 is provided between the two garlic rod conveyor belts 405. , the two ends of the garlic rod conveyor belt 405 are respectively provided with garlic rod conveyor belt pulleys 407, and one of the garlic rod conveyor belt pulleys 407 is connected with the garlic rod conveyor hydraulic motor 408. The separated garlic stalks can be accurately grasped and centrally discharged, and the collection and discharge efficiency of the garlic stalks is high, and the harvest of other rows of garlic is not affected.
所述蒜头输送装置5包括横向输送机构和纵向提升输送机构,所述横向输送机构用于接收所述拔禾切杆装置切断后的蒜头并将蒜头横向输送至所述纵向提升输送机构,所述纵向输送机构将蒜头纵向提升输送至所述分流装袋装置。The garlic head conveying device 5 includes a transverse conveying mechanism and a longitudinal lifting conveying mechanism, and the transverse conveying mechanism is used for receiving the garlic heads cut by the plucking and cutting rod device and laterally transporting the garlic heads to the longitudinal lifting conveying mechanism, and the The longitudinal conveying mechanism lifts and conveys the garlic head longitudinally to the diversion bagging device.
所述横向输送机构包括横向设置的链条输送带A501,所述链条输送带A501两端分别设有链轮组A502,其中一所述链轮组A502与液压马达A503连接,所述纵向提升输送机构包括纵向倾斜设置的链条输送带B504,所述链条输送带B504两端分别设有链轮组B505,其 中一所述链轮组B505通链传动B506与液压马达B507连接。实现将蒜头输送到收获机的后方,便于对蒜头进行分流在线装袋收集。The lateral conveying mechanism includes a horizontally arranged chain conveyor belt A501, two ends of the chain conveyor belt A501 are respectively provided with sprocket sets A502, one of the sprocket sets A502 is connected with a hydraulic motor A503, and the longitudinal lifting conveying mechanism is It includes a longitudinally inclined chain conveyor belt B504, two ends of the chain conveyor belt B504 are respectively provided with sprocket sets B505, one of the sprocket sets B505 is connected with a hydraulic motor B507 through a chain drive B506. Realize the delivery of garlic heads to the rear of the harvester, which is convenient for shunting the garlic heads for online bagging and collection.
所述分流装袋装置6包括安装架601,所述安装架601上设有横向输送带602,所述横向输送带602两端分别设有横向输送带轮603,其中一个横向输送带轮603通过链传动C604与横向输送液压马达605连接,所述横向输送带602上方沿蒜头输送方向间隔设有多个分流器605,沿物料输送方向所述分流器605的分流宽度逐渐增大直至将所述横向输送带602上的蒜头全部分流,每个所述分流器605对应设有一装袋料斗606,所述分流器605将所述横向输送带602上的蒜头分流至装袋料斗606内,所述装袋料斗606下方设有蒜袋输送机构607。通过设计分流装袋装置,改变传统的装袋方式和结构,本申请的分流装袋装置首先将蒜头均匀的分流成多股,每股蒜头分别进行装袋收集,这样一来从根本上解决蒜头装袋速度慢的问题。The shunt bagging device 6 includes an installation frame 601 on which a transverse conveyor belt 602 is provided, and transverse conveyor belt pulleys 603 are respectively provided at both ends of the transverse conveyor belt 602, one of which passes through the transverse conveyor belt pulley 603. The chain drive C604 is connected to the transverse conveying hydraulic motor 605. A plurality of diverters 605 are arranged above the transverse conveying belt 602 at intervals along the garlic head conveying direction. All the garlic heads on the transverse conveyor belt 602 are divided, and each of the diverters 605 is correspondingly provided with a bagging hopper 606. The diverter 605 diverts the garlic heads on the transverse conveyor belt 602 into the bagging hopper 606. A garlic bag conveying mechanism 607 is provided below the bagging hopper 606 . By designing a shunt bagging device, the traditional bagging method and structure are changed. The shunt bagging device of the present application firstly shunts the garlic heads evenly into multiple strands, and each garlic head is bagged and collected separately, so as to fundamentally solve the problem of garlic bulbs. The problem of slow bagging.
所述分流器605包括设置在所述安装架601上的分流支架6051,所述分流支架6051上间隔设有分流主动带轮6052和分流从动带轮6053,所述分流主动带轮6052与分流从动带轮6053之间设有分流输送带6054,所述分流主动带轮6052与分流液压马达6055连接,所述蒜袋输送机构607包括纵向设置的蒜袋输送带6071,所述蒜袋输送带6071两端分别设有蒜袋输送带轮6072,其中一所述蒜袋输送带轮6072通过链传动D6073与蒜袋输送液压马达6074连接。本申请的分流器可以通过改变分流主动带轮与分流从动带轮之间的间距来调节分流宽度(分流大小),进而可以实现从前往后依次分流的目的, 最后一个分流器将全部蒜头分流,这种主动分流的方式有效提高分流速度且将蒜头精确分流至装袋料斗上,显著提高装袋速度。The shunt 605 includes a shunt bracket 6051 arranged on the mounting frame 601, and the shunt bracket 6051 is provided with a shunt driving pulley 6052 and a shunt driven pulley 6053 at intervals. A shunt conveyor belt 6054 is arranged between the driven pulleys 6053, and the shunt drive pulley 6052 is connected to a shunt hydraulic motor 6055. The garlic bag conveying mechanism 607 includes a longitudinally arranged garlic bag conveyor belt 6071. The garlic bag conveys Both ends of the belt 6071 are respectively provided with garlic bag conveying pulleys 6072, wherein one of the garlic bag conveying pulleys 6072 is connected to the garlic bag conveying hydraulic motor 6074 through a chain drive D6073. The diverter of the present application can adjust the diversion width (diversion size) by changing the distance between the diversion driving pulley and the diversion driven pulley, so as to realize the purpose of diverting the flow from front to back in sequence, and the last diverter diverts all the garlic heads. , This active diversion method effectively improves the diversion speed and accurately diverts the garlic to the bagging hopper, which significantly improves the bagging speed.
所述行驶车体1包括车身、底盘、发动机、液压***和驾驶室12,所述发动机用于提供动力源,所述液压***用于驱动所述振动挖掘装置2、拔禾切杆装置3、蒜杆输送装置4、蒜头输送装置5和分流装袋装置6运动。行驶车体主要采用现有设备组装即可,不是本发明的重点。The traveling vehicle body 1 includes a body, a chassis, an engine, a hydraulic system and a cab 12, the engine is used to provide a power source, and the hydraulic system is used to drive the vibrating excavation device 2, the plucking bar device 3, The garlic stick conveying device 4, the garlic head conveying device 5 and the shunt bagging device 6 move. The running vehicle body can be assembled mainly by using existing equipment, which is not the focus of the present invention.
本发明的自走式大蒜联合收获机工作过程:The working process of the self-propelled garlic combine harvester of the present invention:
使用时,通过升降液压缸8将升降架7方向,然后进行行走收获,振动挖掘装置2的挖掘铲208进行振动挖掘,然后拔禾切杆装置3对振动挖掘后的大蒜进行拔禾,且在拔禾过程中进行切杆处理,分离后的蒜杆经蒜杆排放装置4进行收集对中排放,蒜头在重力作用下落到蒜头输送装置5上,蒜头输送装置5将蒜头精确快速输送至分流装袋装置6的横向输送带601上,分流器605将横向输送带601上的蒜头分流成多股(一般分流成两股即可满足生产需求),然后每股蒜头通过装袋料斗606进行装袋收集,最后将装满的蒜袋13通过蒜袋输送机构607输送到地里,然后统一装车即可,本申请的自走式大蒜联合收获机具有整体机械化程度更高、收获效率更高、完成的农艺环节更多,解决了现有技术存在的问题。When in use, the lifting frame 7 is oriented by the lifting hydraulic cylinder 8, and then walking and harvesting are carried out, the excavation shovel 208 of the vibrating excavating device 2 is vibrating excavation, and then the plucking and cutting rod device 3 is plucking the garlic after the vibration excavation, and in the In the process of pulling weeds, the stem cutting process is carried out, the separated garlic stems are collected and centered and discharged through the garlic stem discharge device 4, and the garlic heads fall on the garlic head conveying device 5 under the action of gravity, and the garlic head conveying device 5 accurately and quickly transports the garlic heads to the distribution device. On the lateral conveyor belt 601 of the bag device 6, the diverter 605 divides the garlic heads on the lateral conveyor belt 601 into multiple strands (generally split into two strands to meet production requirements), and then each garlic head is bagged through the bagging hopper 606. Collect, and finally transport the filled garlic bags 13 to the ground through the garlic bag conveying mechanism 607, and then load them uniformly. More agronomic links are completed, which solves the problems existing in the prior art.
上述具体实施方式不能作为对本发明保护范围的限制,对于本技术领域的技术人员来说,对本发明实施方式所做出的任何替代改进或变换均落在本发明的保护范围内。The above-mentioned specific embodiments are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, any alternative improvements or transformations made to the embodiments of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明未详述之处,均为本技术领域技术人员的公知技术。The parts that are not described in detail in the present invention are the well-known technologies of those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
- 自走式大蒜联合收获机,其特征在于,包括:行驶车体;升降自如设置在所述行驶车体上的振动挖掘装置和拔禾切杆装置,所述振动挖掘装置用于振动挖掘大蒜,拔禾切杆装置用于分离蒜头和蒜杆;蒜杆排放装置,用于收集排放蒜杆;蒜头输送装置,用于将蒜头收集输送至分流装袋装置;分流装袋装置,用于将蒜头分流成多股,每股蒜头单独装袋。The self-propelled garlic combine harvester is characterized in that it includes: a traveling vehicle body; a vibration excavating device and a plucking and cutting rod device that are freely arranged on the traveling vehicle body, and the vibration excavating device is used for vibration excavation of garlic, The plucking and cutting rod device is used to separate garlic heads and garlic rods; the garlic rod discharge device is used to collect and discharge garlic rods; the garlic head conveying device is used to collect and transport the garlic heads to the shunt bagging device; Divide into multiple strands, and bag each garlic head separately.
- 根据权利要求1所述的自走式大蒜联合收获机,其特征在于,所述行驶车体前端铰接有升降架,所述升降架与行驶车体之间设有升降液压缸,所述振动挖掘装置和拔禾切杆装置分别设置在所述升降架上,所述升降架前端设有限深轮,所述限深轮前端设有分禾器。The self-propelled garlic combine harvester according to claim 1, wherein a lifting frame is hinged at the front end of the traveling vehicle body, and a lifting hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the lifting frame and the traveling vehicle body. The device and the cutting bar device are respectively arranged on the lifting frame, the front end of the lifting frame is provided with a depth-limiting wheel, and the front end of the depth-limiting wheel is provided with a crop divider.
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的自走式大蒜联合收获机,其特征在于,所述振动挖掘装置包括通过轴承和轴承座安装在所述升降架上的挖掘转轴,所述挖掘转轴一端通过带传动与挖掘液压马达连接,所述挖掘转轴上设有多个偏心套,所述偏心套通过轴承与铲臂连接,所述铲臂下端设有挖掘铲,所述铲臂与所述升降架之间还设有约束所述挖掘铲运行的约束器,所述约束器包括固定杆和连杆,所述固定杆一端安装在所述升降架上,另一端设有约束环,所述连杆一端与所述铲臂铰接连接,另一端设有约束轴,所述约束轴安装在所述约束环内,所述约束轴直径小于所述约束环内径。The self-propelled garlic combine harvester according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the vibrating excavation device comprises an excavation shaft mounted on the lifting frame through a bearing and a bearing seat, and one end of the excavation shaft passes through a belt The transmission is connected with the excavation hydraulic motor, the excavation shaft is provided with a plurality of eccentric sleeves, the eccentric sleeves are connected with the shovel arm through bearings, the lower end of the shovel arm is provided with an excavation shovel, and the shovel arm and the lifting frame are connected. There is also a restraint restraining the operation of the excavating shovel. The restraint includes a fixing rod and a connecting rod. One end of the fixing rod is installed on the lifting frame, and the other end is provided with a restraining ring. One end of the connecting rod is It is hingedly connected with the shovel arm, and the other end is provided with a constraining shaft, the constraining shaft is installed in the constraining ring, and the diameter of the constraining shaft is smaller than the inner diameter of the constraining ring.
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的自走式大蒜联合收获机,其特征在于,所述拔禾切杆装置包括间隔设置的支撑转轴A和支撑转轴B,所述支撑转轴A铰接设置在所述行驶车体上,所述支撑转轴B铰接设置在 所述升降架上,所述支撑转轴A和支撑转轴B上依次设有多个单行拔禾切杆器,所述拔禾切杆器前端设有扶禾器,所述拔禾切杆装置下方设有所述蒜头输送装置,后方设有蒜杆排放装置,所述单行拔禾切杆器包括倾斜设置的拔禾切杆支架,所述拔禾切杆支架一端安装在所述支撑转轴A上,中部安装在所述支撑转轴B上,所述拔禾切杆支架上分别设有相互配合工作的拔禾机构、切杆机构和拔禾切杆驱动机构,所述拔禾切杆驱动机构用于给拔禾机构和切杆机构提供动力,所述拔禾机构倾斜设置,所述切杆机构水平设置,所述切杆机构用于将所述拔禾机构上的大蒜拉齐切杆。The self-propelled garlic combine harvester according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the plucking and cutting rod device comprises a supporting rotating shaft A and a supporting rotating shaft B arranged at intervals, and the supporting rotating shaft A is hingedly arranged on the On the traveling vehicle body, the supporting shaft B is hingedly arranged on the lifting frame, the supporting shaft A and the supporting shaft B are sequentially provided with a plurality of single-row plucking and cutting rods, and the front end of the plucking and cutting rods is provided with There is a weed supporter, the garlic head conveying device is arranged below the grass pulling and cutting rod device, and a garlic rod discharge device is arranged at the rear. One end of the cutting rod bracket is installed on the supporting shaft A, and the middle part is installed on the supporting rotating shaft B. Rod driving mechanism, the plucking and cutting rod driving mechanism is used to provide power to the plucking mechanism and the cutting rod mechanism, the plucking mechanism is arranged obliquely, the cutting rod mechanism is horizontally arranged, and the cutting rod mechanism is used to The garlic on the plucking mechanism is razor-cut.
- 根据权利要求4所述的自走式大蒜联合收获机,其特征在于,所述拔禾机构包括用于夹持输送大蒜且间隔设置的两拔禾夹持带,所述拔禾夹持带一端设有拔禾主动带轮,另一端设有拔禾从动带轮,所述拔禾主动带轮通过拔禾主动轴安装在所述拔禾切杆支架上,所述拔禾从动带轮通过拔禾从动轴安装在所述拔禾切杆支架上,所述拔禾主动带轮与拔禾从动带轮之间设有多个拔禾涨紧带轮;所述切杆机构包括用于拉齐大蒜且间隔设置的两拉齐夹持带,所述拉齐夹持带一端设有切杆主动带轮,另一端设有切杆从动带轮,所述切杆主动带轮通过切杆主动轴安装在所述拔禾切杆支架,所述切杆从动带轮通过切杆从动轴安装在所述拔禾切杆支架,所述切杆主动轴上设有切刀,所述拔禾切杆驱动机构包括拔禾切杆液压马达,所述拔禾切杆液压马达通过齿轮传动分别与两所述拔禾主动轴连接,所述拔禾主动轴通过动力传输带传动和万向联轴器与所述切杆主动轴连接。The self-propelled garlic combine harvester according to claim 4, wherein the plucking mechanism comprises two plucking belts for clamping and conveying garlic and arranged at intervals, and one end of the plucking and clamping belt is There is an active pulley for pulling weeds, and the other end is provided with a driven pulley for pulling weeds. The plucking driven shaft is installed on the plucking and cutting rod bracket, and a plurality of plucking tensioning pulleys are arranged between the plucking driving pulley and the plucking driven pulley; the cutting rod mechanism includes: Two aligning clamping belts for aligning garlic and arranged at intervals, one end of the aligning clamping belt is provided with a cutting rod driving pulley, and the other end is provided with a cutting rod driven pulley, the cutting rod driving pulley The cutting rod drive shaft is installed on the plucking and cutting rod bracket, the cutting rod driven pulley is installed on the plucking and cutting rod support through the cutting rod driven shaft, and the cutting rod driving shaft is provided with a cutter , the driving mechanism of the plucking and cutting rod comprises a hydraulic motor of the plucking and cutting rod, and the hydraulic motor of the plucking and cutting rod is respectively connected with the two said plucking driving shafts through gear transmission, and the said plucking and cutting rods are driven by a power transmission belt. And the universal coupling is connected with the cutting rod driving shaft.
- 根据权利要求5所述的自走式大蒜联合收获机,其特征在于,所述齿轮传动包括与拔禾液压马达连接的驱动齿轮,所述驱动齿轮分别与拔禾齿轮A和中间传动齿轮连接,所述中间传动齿轮与拔禾齿轮B连接,所述拔禾齿轮A与其中一个拔禾主动轴连接,所述拔禾齿轮B与另一个拔禾主动轴连接,所述动力传输带传动包括动力传输主动带轮和动力传输从动带轮,所述动力传输主动带轮设置在所述拔禾主动轴上,所述动力传输从动带轮通过动力传输从动轴安装在拔禾切杆支架上,所述动力传输主动带轮与动力传输从动带轮之间设有动力传输带,所述动力传输从动轴通过所述万向联轴器与所述切杆主动轴连接。The self-propelled garlic combine harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that, the gear transmission comprises a drive gear connected with the Pagoda hydraulic motor, and the drive gear is respectively connected with the Pagoda gear A and the intermediate transmission gear, The intermediate transmission gear is connected with the unplugging gear B, the unplugging gear A is connected with one of the unplugging drive shafts, the unplugging gear B is connected with the other unplugging drive shaft, and the power transmission belt drive includes power A transmission driving pulley and a power transmission driven pulley, the power transmission driving pulley is arranged on the plucking drive shaft, and the power transmission driven pulley is installed on the plucking pole bracket through the power transmission driven shaft On the top, a power transmission belt is provided between the power transmission driving pulley and the power transmission driven pulley, and the power transmission driven shaft is connected with the cutting rod driving shaft through the universal coupling.
- 根据权利要求1或6所述的自走式大蒜联合收获机,其特征在于,所述蒜杆排放装置包括蒜杆抓取机构和蒜杆输送机构,所述蒜杆抓取机构将所述拔禾切杆装置切断的蒜杆抓取并送入所述蒜杆输送机构,所述蒜杆输送机构将蒜杆对中排放,所述蒜杆抓取机构包括倾斜间隔设置在所述行驶车体上的两抓取转轴,所述抓取转轴上沿圆周方向均匀间隔设有多个抓取板,两所述抓取转轴一端通过链传动A与抓取液压马达连接,所述蒜杆输送机构包括对称间隔设置的两蒜杆输送带,两所述蒜杆输送带之间设有排放口,所述蒜杆输送带两端分别设有蒜杆输送带轮,其中一个所述蒜杆输送带轮与蒜杆输送液压马达连接。The self-propelled garlic combine harvester according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the garlic rod discharge device comprises a garlic rod grabbing mechanism and a garlic rod conveying mechanism, and the garlic rod grabbing mechanism removes the The garlic rod cut off by the cutting rod device is grabbed and sent into the garlic rod conveying mechanism, and the garlic rod conveying mechanism discharges the garlic rod in the center, and the garlic rod grabbing mechanism comprises an inclined interval arranged on the traveling vehicle body. The two grabbing shafts on the upper part are provided with a plurality of grabbing plates evenly spaced along the circumferential direction, and one end of the two grabbing shafts is connected with the grabbing hydraulic motor through the chain drive A, and the garlic rod conveying mechanism Including two garlic rod conveyor belts arranged at symmetrical intervals, a discharge port is provided between the two garlic rod conveyor belts, and garlic rod conveyor belt wheels are respectively provided at both ends of the garlic rod conveyor belt, and one of the garlic rod conveyor belts The wheel is connected with the garlic rod conveying hydraulic motor.
- 根据权利要求7所述的自走式大蒜联合收获机,其特征在于,所述蒜头输送装置包括横向输送机构和纵向提升输送机构,所述横向输送机构用于接收所述拔禾切杆装置切断后的蒜头并将蒜头横向输送至所述纵向提升输送机构,所述纵向输送机构将蒜头纵向提升输送至 所述分流装袋装置,所述横向输送机构包括横向设置的链条输送带A,所述链条输送带A两端分别设有链轮组A,其中一所述链轮组A与液压马达A连接,所述纵向提升输送机构包括纵向倾斜设置的链条输送带B,所述链条输送带B两端分别设有链轮组B,其中一所述链轮组B通链传动B与液压马达B连接。The self-propelled garlic combine harvester according to claim 7, wherein the garlic head conveying device comprises a transverse conveying mechanism and a longitudinal lifting conveying mechanism, and the transverse conveying mechanism is used for receiving the cutting rod device for cutting and cutting The last garlic head and the garlic head are laterally transported to the longitudinal lifting and conveying mechanism, and the longitudinal transport mechanism longitudinally lifts and transports the garlic head to the shunt bagging device, and the lateral transport mechanism comprises a horizontally arranged chain conveyor belt A. The two ends of the chain conveyor belt A are respectively provided with sprocket groups A, one of which is connected to the hydraulic motor A, and the longitudinal lifting and conveying mechanism includes a longitudinally inclined chain conveyor belt B. The chain conveyor belt B The two ends are respectively provided with sprocket sets B, wherein one of the sprocket sets B is connected with the hydraulic motor B through the chain transmission B.
- 根据权利要求1或8所述的自走式大蒜联合收获机,其特征在于,所述分流装袋装置包括安装架,所述安装架上设有横向输送带,所述横向输送带两端分别设有横向输送带轮,其中一个横向输送带轮通过链传动C与横向输送液压马达连接,所述横向输送带上方沿蒜头输送方向间隔设有多个分流器,沿物料输送方向所述分流器的分流宽度逐渐增大直至将所述横向输送带上的蒜头全部分流,每个所述分流器对应设有一装袋料斗,所述分流器将所述横向输送带上的蒜头分流至装袋料斗内,所述装袋料斗下方设有蒜袋输送机构。The self-propelled garlic combine harvester according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that, the diverting bagging device comprises a mounting frame, and the mounting frame is provided with a transverse conveyor belt, and the two ends of the transverse conveyor belt are respectively There are transverse conveying pulleys, one of which is connected to the transverse conveying hydraulic motor through the chain drive C, and a plurality of flow dividers are arranged above the transverse conveying belt along the conveying direction of garlic heads, and the flow dividers are arranged along the material conveying direction. The diversion width gradually increases until all the garlic heads on the lateral conveyor belt are diverted, and each of the diverters is correspondingly provided with a bagging hopper, and the diverter diverts the garlic heads on the lateral conveyor belt to the bagging hopper. Inside, a garlic bag conveying mechanism is arranged below the bagging hopper.
- 根据权利要求9所述的自走式大蒜联合收获机,其特征在于,所述分流器包括设置在所述安装架上的分流支架,所述分流支架上间隔设有分流主动带轮和分流从动带轮,所述分流主动带轮与分流从动带轮之间设有分流输送带,所述分流主动带轮与分流液压马达连接,所述蒜袋输送机构包括纵向设置的蒜袋输送带,所述蒜袋输送带两端分别设有蒜袋输送带轮,其中一所述蒜袋输送带轮通过链传动D与蒜袋输送液压马达连接。The self-propelled garlic combine harvester according to claim 9, wherein the diverter comprises a diverter bracket arranged on the mounting frame, and the diverter bracket is provided with a diverter drive pulley and a diverter pulley at intervals. A moving pulley, a split conveyor belt is arranged between the split drive pulley and the split driven pulley, the split drive pulley is connected to a split hydraulic motor, and the garlic bag conveying mechanism includes a longitudinally arranged garlic bag conveyor belt The two ends of the garlic bag conveying belt are respectively provided with garlic bag conveying pulleys, wherein one of the garlic bag conveying pulleys is connected with the garlic bag conveying hydraulic motor through the chain drive D.
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CN115316106A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-11-11 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Garlic picking machine and garlic picking method thereof |
CN116210430A (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2023-06-06 | 南京农业大学 | Crawler self-propelled two-row garlic harvester and harvesting method |
CN117204189A (en) * | 2023-09-04 | 2023-12-12 | 甘肃省生产力促进中心 | Novel rhizome class chinese-medicinal material harvester |
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CN111869404A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-11-03 | 山东省玛丽亚农业机械有限公司 | Vibration excavating device |
CN112514629A (en) * | 2020-12-19 | 2021-03-19 | 徐州盛耘农业发展有限公司 | Harvester for garlic and peanuts |
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