WO2021254148A1 - 一种液压破碎锤的减震块 - Google Patents

一种液压破碎锤的减震块 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021254148A1
WO2021254148A1 PCT/CN2021/097859 CN2021097859W WO2021254148A1 WO 2021254148 A1 WO2021254148 A1 WO 2021254148A1 CN 2021097859 W CN2021097859 W CN 2021097859W WO 2021254148 A1 WO2021254148 A1 WO 2021254148A1
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Prior art keywords
block
buffer
shock
buffer block
positioning
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PCT/CN2021/097859
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林雨才
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台州贝力特机械有限公司
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Publication of WO2021254148A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021254148A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/30—Auxiliary apparatus, e.g. for thawing, cracking, blowing-up, or other preparatory treatment of the soil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
    • F16F1/371—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by inserts or auxiliary extension or exterior elements, e.g. for rigidification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
    • F16F1/373—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by having a particular shape
    • F16F1/377—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by having a particular shape having holes or openings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
    • F16F1/379—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by arrangements for controlling the spring temperature, e.g. by cooling

Definitions

  • the utility model belongs to the technical field of hydraulic breaking hammers, in particular to a shock-absorbing block of a hydraulic breaking hammer.
  • Hydraulic breakers are generally installed on excavators.
  • the power source of hydraulic breakers is mainly the power provided by excavators, loaders or pumping stations. It can crush stones and rocks more effectively in engineering construction and improve work efficiency.
  • the traditional silent type hydraulic breaker includes a movement, a silent shell, a base and a shock-absorbing block.
  • the movement includes a front cylinder block, a middle cylinder block, a rear cylinder block, pistons and drill rods, etc., the front cylinder block, the middle cylinder block and the rear
  • the cylinder body is connected by four long screw rods, and the rear end of each long screw rod passes through the rear cylinder body and the end is connected with a nut.
  • the movement is installed in the silent shell, the base is connected to the shell, and the rear cylinder
  • the rear end of the body faces the base, and there is a certain assembly gap between the outer end of the nut and the side wall of the shock-absorbing block.
  • the movement of the hydraulic breaker will vibrate during the working process, making the outer end of the nut and the shock-absorbing block The side walls collide, which damages the shock-absorbing block.
  • China Patent Network discloses a shock-absorbing hydraulic breaker [Authorized Announcement Number: CN202023213U], including the host and the shell.
  • the host includes the host body, the drill rod and the steering head.
  • the host body is installed in the shell, and the drill rod is installed in the host.
  • the steering head is installed at the rear end of the shell.
  • the polyurethane rear spacer is arranged between the rear end of the main body and the steering head.
  • the setting of the polyurethane rear spacer eliminates the difference between the main body and the steering head during the working process of the breaker.
  • the gap between the main body and the steering head avoids the contact between the main body and the steering head.
  • the polyurethane rear cushion can be deformed so that it has a certain energy absorption effect, which slows down the vibration of the main body and reduces noise.
  • China Patent Network also discloses a polyurethane composite shock-absorbing block for hydraulic breakers [Authorized Announcement Number: CN201443040U].
  • the shock-absorbing block is cross-shaped, including a balanced vibration guide stabilizer and a shear force stabilizer. In the middle of the block is a comprehensive buffer part with adjustment holes, and adjustment slots are provided on both the balanced vibration guide stabilizer wing and the shear force stabilizer wing.
  • one end face of the shock-absorbing block is in close contact with the rear end surface of the rear cylinder block.
  • the four nuts on the rear cylinder block are respectively located in the four notches of the shock-absorbing block.
  • the sides of the base are close to each other, and the base is connected with the shell to press the shock-absorbing block on the rear cylinder.
  • the breaker will vibrate when it is working.
  • the shock-absorbing block will rotate relative to the rear cylinder when the shock-absorbing block is affected by the vibration.
  • the side wall of the shock-absorbing block collides with the nut.
  • the shock-absorbing block is easily worn or damaged.
  • the shock-absorbing block needs to be replaced regularly.
  • the base needs to be removed from the shell. Due to the volume of the breaker It is huge, and the disassembly and assembly of the base is extremely inconvenient, which greatly increases the use cost of the breaker.
  • the hydraulic oil and nitrogen in the breaker will generate heat, and the heat will be transferred to the rear cylinder.
  • the shock block is in direct contact with the rear cylinder body, which causes the temperature of the shock block to increase, and the shock block is easily deformed after being squeezed, and the shock block is damaged.
  • the purpose of the utility model is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and propose a shock-absorbing block of a hydraulic breaker.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: how to improve the service life of the shock-absorbing block.
  • a shock-absorbing block of a hydraulic breaker comprising a buffer block with elasticity, the buffer blocks are all in a "cross-shaped” structure and there are four notches on the buffer block, characterized in that the shock-absorbing block also includes a cushion block ,
  • the cushion block has a "cross-shaped” structure, the cushion block has four gaps, the cushion block and the cushion block are stacked, and there is a space between the cushion block and the cushion block so that the cushion block is relative to the circumference of the cushion block.
  • the first notch corresponds to the second notch one by one, and the first side wall of the first notch is arranged inwardly with respect to the second side wall of the second notch.
  • the prior art breaker includes a casing, a movement and a base.
  • the movement is installed in the casing, and the base is fixedly connected to the casing.
  • the movement includes a front cylinder block, a middle cylinder block and a rear cylinder block, and the front cylinder block and the middle cylinder block.
  • the rear cylinder body is connected in series through four filament rods, and one end of each filament rod penetrates the outer end surface of the rear cylinder body, and the outer end of each filament rod is connected with a nut.
  • the shock-absorbing block is assembled on the breaker for use.
  • the lower surface of the cushion block abuts against the outer end surface of the rear cylinder body.
  • the four notches one and the four notches two correspond to the four nuts one by one.
  • the upper surface of the buffer block abuts against the base.
  • the buffer block and the cushion block are pressed against the rear cylinder body, and the buffer block and the cushion block are connected and positioned by the connecting structure. It cannot rotate in the circumferential direction relative to the spacer.
  • the cushion block is arranged between the buffer block and the rear cylinder block.
  • the cushion block has the effect of heat insulation and prevents direct heat transfer to the buffer block. Avoid excessive temperature of the buffer block and prolong the service life of the buffer block; in addition, after the breaker vibrates, it will drive the cushion block to rotate circumferentially relative to the end surface of the rear cylinder, and the side wall of the second gap will be in contact with the end surface of the rear cylinder.
  • the cushion block and the cushion block are connected together, and the cushion block will also rotate circumferentially with the cushion block. Since the side wall of the first gap is arranged inward relative to the side wall two of the second gap, when the gap two When the second side wall of the notch will collide with the nut, when the side wall of the notch 1 will not collide with the nut, it will protect the buffer block, avoid damage to the buffer block, and further extend the service life of the buffer block.
  • the buffer block is located in the projection where the upper surface of the cushion block is located.
  • the buffer block is entirely located in the projection where the upper surface of the buffer block is located, that is, all the outer side walls on the buffer block are arranged inwardly relative to all the outer side walls of the buffer block, so that any position of the buffer block is not It will collide with the nut.
  • the connecting structure includes a positioning member, the upper surface of the cushion block is provided with a positioning groove one, and the lower surface of the buffer block is provided with a positioning groove two.
  • the positioning member is located between the cushion block and the buffer block, and one end of the positioning member extends into the first positioning slot and the other end extends into the second positioning slot.
  • the positioning member is a positioning pin
  • the positioning pin has two
  • the upper surface of the cushion block is provided with two positioning grooves.
  • the lower surface of the buffer block is provided with two positioning grooves two
  • the positioning groove one corresponds to the positioning groove two one by one.
  • all the positioning grooves are arranged at a lateral interval on the upper surface of the cushion block, and all the positioning grooves are arranged at a lateral interval on the lower surface of the buffer block.
  • the lower surface of the buffer block is provided with a strip-shaped groove 1 along the longitudinal direction.
  • the lower surface of the buffer block is in direct contact with the upper surface of the cushion block.
  • the arrangement of the strip groove 1 allows the outside wind to blow through the strip groove, and takes away part of the heat from the buffer block and the cushion block, which plays a role in heat dissipation. , Reduce the heat conduction from the cushion block to the cushion block; in addition, the design of the strip groove 1 makes the cushion block more susceptible to deformation, further improving the shock absorption effect of the cushion block.
  • the upper surface of the buffer block is provided with two strip grooves along the transverse direction.
  • the upper surface of the buffer block is in direct contact with the side wall of the base, and the design of the two strip grooves makes the buffer block more susceptible to deformation and further improves the shock absorption effect of the buffer block.
  • a positioning hole is opened in the middle of the buffer block.
  • the base is provided with a positioning column, which is inserted into the positioning hole, and the air in the positioning hole can be discharged from the strip groove 1 and the strip groove 2.
  • the buffer block is made of polyurethane material
  • the cushion block is made of MC901 material.
  • the MC901 material is cast nylon, which has the properties of light weight, high strength, self-lubrication, wear resistance, anti-corrosion and insulation, so the spacer does not have the function of deforming to absorb shock, but the spacer is not easy to wear and damage after the collision with the nut , Extend the service life of the shock-absorbing block.
  • the shock absorbing block of the hydraulic breaker of the present invention has the following advantages: firstly, the buffer block is elastic, and the buffer block is deformed after being squeezed, so as to achieve the effect of shock absorption and noise reduction; When the hammer is working, the vibration of the hammer and the hydraulic oil and nitrogen in the hammer will generate heat, and the heat will be transferred to the rear cylinder block.
  • the cushion block is set between the buffer block and the rear cylinder block, and the cushion block provides heat insulation.
  • the effect is to avoid direct heat transfer to the buffer block, thereby avoiding the temperature of the buffer block from being too high, and prolonging the service life of the buffer block; in addition, after the breaker vibrates, it will drive the cushion block relative to the end surface of the rear cylinder.
  • the second side wall of the notch 2 will collide with the nut, the cushion block and the buffer block are connected together, and the buffer block will also rotate circumferentially with the cushion block, because the side wall of the notch 1 is relative to the second
  • the second side wall of the notch is arranged inside, so when the second side wall of the notch two will collide with the nut, the side wall of the notch one will not collide with the nut, which plays a role in protecting the buffer block and avoids damage to the buffer block. Further extend the service life of the buffer block.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present utility model.
  • Figure 2 is a top view of the shock absorbing block and the rear cylinder block of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the buffer block of the present invention.
  • Buffer block 10. Notch one; 101. Side wall one; 11. Positioning groove two; 12. Strip groove one; 13. Strip groove two; 14. Left buffer part; 15. Right buffer part 16. Front buffer part; 17. Rear buffer part; 18. Positioning hole; 2. Spacer block; 20. Notch two; 201. Side wall two; 21. Positioning groove one; 3. Positioning part; 4. Rear cylinder body ; 5. Nut.
  • the shock absorption block of the hydraulic breaker includes a resilient buffer block 1 and a cushion block 2.
  • the cushion block 1 is made of polyurethane material
  • the cushion block 2 is made of MC901 material.
  • the cushion block 1 and the cushion block 2 are in a "cross-shaped" structure, the cushion block 2 and the cushion block 1 are stacked, and there is a connection between the cushion block 2 and the cushion block 1 to enable the cushion block 1 to be positioned circumferentially relative to the cushion block 2. Structure.
  • the connecting structure includes a positioning member 3, the positioning member 3 is a positioning pin, there are two positioning pins, the upper surface of the cushion block 2 is provided with two positioning grooves 21, and the lower surface of the buffer block 1 is provided with Two positioning grooves 11, positioning groove one 21 corresponds to positioning groove two 11, the positioning pin is located between the cushion block 2 and the buffer block 1, and one end of the positioning pin extends into the positioning groove one 21, and the other end extends to In the second positioning groove 11, the lower surface of the buffer block 1 is in contact with the upper surface of the cushion block 2.
  • the buffer block 1 and the cushion block 2 are connected by positioning pins, and the buffer block 1 and the cushion block 2 cannot rotate relative to each other.
  • the buffer block 1 has four notches 10, and the cushion block 2 has four notches 20.
  • the notch 10 corresponds to the notch 2 20, and the side wall of the notch 10 is 101.
  • the second side wall 201 of the second notch 20 is arranged inwardly, the buffer block 1 is located in the projection where the upper surface of the buffer block 2 is located, and a positioning hole 18 is opened in the middle of the buffer block 1.
  • the damping block is assembled on the breaker for use.
  • the lower surface of the spacer block 2 abuts against the outer end surface of the rear cylinder body 4.
  • the four notches 10 and the four notches 20 correspond to the four nuts 5 one by one, and the four nuts 5 are respectively located in the corresponding notch one 10 and notch two 20.
  • the upper surface of the buffer block 1 abuts against the base. After the base and the housing 7 are fixedly connected, the buffer block 1 and the cushion block 2 are pressed against the rear cylinder 4, the base The upper positioning post is inserted into the positioning hole 18.
  • the breaker will vibrate during the working process. Because the buffer block 1 is elastic, the buffer block 1 will deform after being squeezed, so as to achieve the effect of shock absorption and noise reduction; secondly, the vibration of the breaker and the hydraulic oil in the breaker Nitrogen will generate heat, and the heat will be transferred to the rear cylinder block 4.
  • the cushion block 2 is arranged between the cushion block 1 and the rear cylinder block 4.
  • the cushion block 2 has the effect of heat insulation and avoids direct heat transfer to the cushion block 1.
  • the temperature of the buffer block 1 is prevented from being too high, and the service life of the buffer block 1 is prolonged.
  • the breaker vibrates, it will drive the cushion block 2 and the buffer block 1 to circulate relative to the end surface of the rear cylinder 4
  • the second side wall 201 of the second notch 20 collides with the nut 5
  • the second side wall 101 of the first notch 10 is arranged inwardly relative to the second side wall 201 of the second notch 20.
  • the upper and lower surfaces of the existing shock-absorbing block are both flat.
  • the shock-absorbing block is compressed by the rear cylinder and the base, the shock-absorbing block is compressed, making the middle of the shock-absorbing block bulge outward.
  • the structural strength of the shock-absorbing block is low, and the shock-absorbing block is easily broken or crushed.
  • the lower surface of the buffer block 1 is provided with strip grooves 12 along the longitudinal direction
  • the upper surface of the buffer block 1 is provided with strip grooves 13 along the transverse direction.
  • the two positioning grooves 11 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the strip groove one 12.
  • Strip groove one 12 divides the lower surface of the buffer block 1 into a left buffer part 14 and a right buffer part 15.
  • Strip groove two 13 divides the upper surface of the buffer block 1 into a front buffer part 16 and a rear buffer part 17, when the buffer block 1 When being squeezed by the rear cylinder 4 and the base, the left buffer portion 14 and the right buffer portion 15 expand in the left and right directions after being squeezed.
  • the strip groove 12 is arranged along the left buffer portion 14 and the right buffer portion 15
  • the left-right direction expansion provides deformation space.
  • the front buffer portion 16 and the rear buffer portion 17 expand in the front and rear direction after being squeezed.
  • the arrangement of the strip grooves 13 provides deformation for the front buffer portion 16 and the rear buffer portion 17 to expand in the front and rear direction.
  • the arrangement of strip groove one 12 and strip groove two 13 makes the buffer block 1 more susceptible to deformation, improves the deformation performance of the buffer block 1, and further improves the shock absorption effect of the buffer block 1.
  • the buffer block 1 is squeezed
  • the deformation that occurs after compression occurs on the upper and lower parts of the buffer block, and the middle part of the buffer block 1 does not bulge outwards, so that the buffer block 1 is not easy to be fractured or crushed even when the thickness of the buffer block 1 is reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)

Abstract

一种液压破碎锤的减震块，包括具有弹性的缓冲块（1），缓冲块（1）呈"十字形"结构并且缓冲块（1）上具有四个缺口一（10），液压破碎锤的减震块还包括垫块（2），垫块（2）呈"十字形"结构，垫块（2）上具有四个缺口二（20），垫块（2）与缓冲块（1）堆叠设置，并且垫块（2）与缓冲块（1）之间具有使缓冲块（1）相对于垫块（2）周向定位的连接结构，缺口一（10）与缺口二（20）一一对应，缺口一（10）的侧壁一（101）相对于缺口二（20）的侧壁二（201）靠内设置。

Description

一种液压破碎锤的减震块 技术领域
本实用新型属于液压破碎锤技术领域，特别是一种液压破碎锤的减震块。
背景技术
液压破碎锤一般安装在挖掘机上使用，液压破碎锤的动力来源主要是挖掘机、装载机或泵站提供的动力，它在工程施工中能更有效的破碎石块和岩石，提高工作效率。传统的静音型液压破碎锤包括机芯、静音外壳、底座和减震块，机芯包括前缸体、中缸体、后缸体、活塞和钎杆等，前缸体、中缸体和后缸体通过四根长丝杆连接，并且每根长丝杆的后端均从后缸体穿出并且该端部连接有螺母，机芯安装在静音外壳内，底座与外壳相连接，后缸体的后端朝向底座，螺母的外端与减震块的侧壁之间留有一定的装配间隙，液压破碎锤在工作过程中机芯会发生震动，使得螺母的外端与减震块的侧壁发生碰撞，进而损伤减震块。
目前，中国专利网公开了一种减震液压破碎锤【授权公告号：CN202023213U】，包括主机和外壳，主机包括主机主体、钎杆和转向头，主机主体安装在外壳内，钎杆安装在主机主体的前端，转向头安装在外壳的后端，聚氨酯后垫块设置在主机主体后端与转向头之间，破碎锤在工作过程中，聚氨酯后垫块的设置消除了主机主体与转向头之间的间隙，避免主机主体与转向头发生触碰，聚氨酯后垫块能够发生形变使其具有一定的吸能效果，减缓主机主体的震动，降低噪音。
此外，中国专利网还公开了一种液压破碎锤用聚氨酯复合型减震块【授权公告号：CN201443040U】，减震块呈十字形，包括平衡导振稳定翼和剪切力稳定翼，减震块中间为综合缓冲部，开有调节孔，平衡导振稳定翼和剪切力稳定翼上均开设有调节槽。减震块安装时，减震块的一端面与后缸体的后端面相紧贴，后缸体上的四个螺母分别位于减震块的四个缺口内，减震块的另一端面与底座的侧面相贴靠，底座与外壳相连接将减震块压紧在后缸体上，破碎锤工作时会发生震动，减震块受震动影响会导致减震块相对于后缸体发生旋转，减震块的侧壁与螺母碰撞，减震块极易发生磨损甚至损坏，需要定期对减震块进行更换，更换减震块时，需要将底座从外壳上拆卸下来，由于破碎锤的体积巨大，底座的拆装极为不便，大大提高了破碎锤的使用成本；另外，破碎锤在工作过程中，破碎锤内的液压油和氮气会产生热量，热量会传导至后缸体上，由于减震块与后缸体直接接触，导致减震块的温度升高，减震块受到挤压后容易产生变形，减震块损坏。
发明内容
本实用新型的目的是针对现有的技术存在上述问题，提出了一种液压破碎锤的减震块，本实用新型所要解决的技术问题是：如何提高减震块的使用寿命。
本实用新型的目的可通过下列技术方案来实现：
一种液压破碎锤的减震块，包括具有弹性的缓冲块，所述缓冲块均呈“十字形”结构并且缓冲块上具有四个缺口一，其特征在于，本减震块还包括垫块，所述垫块呈“十字形”结构，所述垫块上具有四个缺口二，所述垫块与缓冲块堆叠设置，并且垫块与缓冲块之间具有使缓冲块相对于垫块周向定位的连接结构，所述缺口一与缺口二一一对应，所述缺口一的侧壁一相对于缺口二的侧壁二靠内设置。
现有技术的破碎锤包括外壳、机芯和底座，机芯安装在外壳内，底座与外壳固定连接，机芯又包括前缸体、中缸体和后缸体，前缸体、中缸体和后缸体通过四根长丝杆串接，并且每根长丝杆的一端均从后缸体的外端面穿出，每根长丝杆的外端部上均连接有螺母。本减震块装配到破碎锤上使用，垫块的下表面与后缸体的外端面相抵靠，四个缺口一和四个缺口二与四个螺母一一对应，四个螺母分别位于相应的缺口一和缺口二内，缓冲块的上表面与底座相抵靠，底座与外壳固定连接后将缓冲块和垫块压紧在后缸体上，缓冲块和垫块通过连接结构连接定位，缓冲块无法相对于垫块发生周向转动。
首先，破碎锤工作过程中会产生震动，由于缓冲块具有弹性，缓冲块受挤压后发生形变，从而达到减震降噪的效果；其次，破碎锤工作时，破碎锤震动和破碎锤内的液压油和氮气均会产生热量，热量会传导至后缸体上，垫块设置在缓冲块与后缸体之间，垫块起到隔热的效果，避免热量直接传导至缓冲块上，继而避免缓冲块的温度过高，延长缓冲块的使用寿命；除此之外，破碎锤产生震动后，会带动垫块相对于后缸体的端面发生周向转动，缺口二的侧壁二会与螺母相碰撞，垫块和缓冲块是连接在一起的，缓冲块也会随垫块发生周向转动，由于缺口一的侧壁一相对于缺口二的侧壁二靠内设置，所以当缺口二的侧壁二会与螺母相碰撞时，缺口一的侧壁一不会与螺母相碰撞时，起到保护缓冲块的作用，避免缓冲块损坏，进一步延长了缓冲块的使用寿命。
在上述的一种液压破碎锤的减震块中，所述缓冲块位于垫块上表面所在的投影内。通过本结构的设计，缓冲块整体完全位于垫块上表面所在的投影内，即缓冲块上的所有外侧壁均相对于垫块的所有外侧壁均靠内设置，使得缓冲块的任意位置均不会与螺母发生碰撞。
在上述的一种液压破碎锤的减震块中，所述连接结构包括定位件，所述垫块的上表面开设有定位槽一，所述缓冲块的下表面开设有定位槽二，所述定位件位于垫块和缓冲块之间，并且定位件的一端伸至定位槽一内、另一端伸至定位槽二内。通过本结构的设置，定位 件分别与定位槽一和定位槽二插接连接使得垫块和缓冲块连接在一起，并且定位件限制垫块和缓冲块发生相对转动。
在上述的一种液压破碎锤的减震块中，所述定位件为定位销，所述定位销具有两个，所述垫块的上表面开设有两个所述的定位槽一，所述缓冲块的下表面开设有两个所述的定位槽二，所述定位槽一与定位槽二一一对应。通过本结构的设置，垫块和缓冲块之间通过两个定位销实现连接和周向限位。
在上述的一种液压破碎锤的减震块中，所有定位槽一在垫块的上表面沿横向间隔设置，所有定位槽二在缓冲块的下表面沿横向间隔设置。
在上述的一种液压破碎锤的减震块中，所述缓冲块的下表面沿纵向开设有条形槽一。缓冲块的下表面与垫块的上表面直接接触，条形槽一的设置使得外界的风能够从条形槽一吹过，并带走缓冲块和垫块的部分热量，起到散热的作用，降低垫块传导至缓冲块上的热量；另外，条形槽一的设计使得缓冲块更易发生形变，进一步提高缓冲块的减震效果。
在上述的一种液压破碎锤的减震块中，所述缓冲块的上表面沿横向开设有条形槽二。缓冲块的上表面与底座的侧壁直接接触，条形槽二的设计使得缓冲块更易发生形变，进一步提高缓冲块的减震效果。
在上述的一种液压破碎锤的减震块中，所述缓冲块的中部开设有定位孔。通过本结构的设置，底座上具有定位柱，定位柱***到定位孔内，定位孔内的空气能够从条形槽一和条形槽二排出。
在上述的一种液压破碎锤的减震块中，所述缓冲块由聚氨酯材料制成，所述垫块由MC901材料制成。MC901材料是浇铸尼龙，具有重量轻、强度高、自润滑、耐磨、防腐和绝缘等性能，所以垫块不具有发生形变来减震的功能，但是垫块与螺母发生碰撞后不易磨损和损坏，延长减震块的使用寿命。
与现有技术相比，本实用新型的液压破碎锤的减震块具有以下优点：首先，缓冲块具有弹性，缓冲块受挤压后发生形变，从而达到减震降噪的效果；其次，破碎锤工作时，破碎锤震动和破碎锤内的液压油和氮气均会产生热量，热量会传导至后缸体上，垫块设置在缓冲块与后缸体之间，垫块起到隔热的效果，避免热量直接传导至缓冲块上，继而避免缓冲块的温度过高，延长缓冲块的使用寿命；除此之外，破碎锤产生震动后，会带动垫块相对于后缸体的端面发生周向转动，缺口二的侧壁二会与螺母相碰撞，垫块和缓冲块是连接在一起的，缓冲块也会随垫块发生周向转动，由于缺口一的侧壁一相对于缺口二的侧壁二靠内设置，所以当缺口二的侧壁二会与螺母相碰撞时，缺口一的侧壁一不会与螺母相碰撞时，起到 保护缓冲块的作用，避免缓冲块损坏，进一步延长了缓冲块的使用寿命。
附图说明
图1是本实用新型的立体结构示意图。
图2是本实用新型减震块和后缸体的俯视图。
图3是本实用新型的***结构示意图。
图4是本实用新型的缓冲块的立体结构示意图。
图中，1、缓冲块；10、缺口一；101、侧壁一；11、定位槽二；12、条形槽一；13、条形槽二；14、左缓冲部；15、右缓冲部；16、前缓冲部；17、后缓冲部；18、定位孔；2、垫块；20、缺口二；201、侧壁二；21、定位槽一；3、定位件；4、后缸体；5、螺母。
具体实施方式
以下是本实用新型的具体实施例并结合附图，对本实用新型的技术方案作进一步的描述，但本实用新型并不限于这些实施例。
如图1、图3和图4所示，本液压破碎锤的减震块，包括具有弹性的缓冲块1和垫块2，缓冲块1由聚氨酯材料制成，垫块2由MC901材料制成，缓冲块1垫块2均呈“十字形”结构，垫块2与缓冲块1堆叠设置，并且垫块2与缓冲块1之间具有使缓冲块1相对于垫块2周向定位的连接结构，本实施例中，连接结构包括定位件3，定位件3为定位销，定位销具有两个，垫块2的上表面开设有两个定位槽一21，缓冲块1的下表面开设有两个定位槽二11，定位槽一21与定位槽二11一一对应，定位销位于垫块2和缓冲块1之间，并且定位销的一端伸至定位槽一21内、另一端伸至定位槽二11内，缓冲块1的下表面与垫块2的上表面相贴靠，缓冲块1和垫块2通过定位销连接，缓冲块1和垫块2不能发生相对转动。
如图1和图2所示，缓冲块1上具有四个缺口一10，垫块2上具有四个缺口二20，缺口一10与缺口二20一一对应，缺口一10的侧壁一101相对于缺口二20的侧壁二201靠内设置，缓冲块1位于垫块2上表面所在的投影内，缓冲块1的中部开设有定位孔18。减震块装配到破碎锤上使用，垫块2的下表面与后缸体4的外端面相抵靠，四个缺口一10和四个缺口二20与四个螺母5一一对应，四个螺母5分别位于相应的缺口一10和缺口二20内，缓冲块1的上表面与底座相抵靠，底座与外壳7固定连接后将缓冲块1和垫块2压紧在后缸体4上，底座上的定位柱***到定位孔18内。首先，破碎锤工作过程中会产生震动，由于缓冲块1具有弹性，缓冲块1受挤压后发生形变，从而达到减震降噪的效果；其次，破碎锤震动和破碎锤内的液压油和氮气均会产生热量，热量会传导至后缸体4上，垫块2设置 在缓冲块1与后缸体4之间，垫块2起到隔热的效果，避免热量直接传导至缓冲块1上，继而避免缓冲块1的温度过高，延长缓冲块1的使用寿命；除此之外，破碎锤产生震动后，会带动垫块2和缓冲块1相对于后缸体4的端面发生周向转动，缺口二20的侧壁二201会与螺母5相碰撞，由于缺口一10的侧壁一101相对于缺口二20的侧壁二201靠内设置，所以当缺口二20的侧壁二201与螺母5相碰撞时，缺口一10的侧壁一101不会与螺母5相碰撞时，起到保护缓冲块1的作用，避免缓冲块1损坏，进一步延长了缓冲块1的使用寿命。
现有减震块的上下表面均为平面，当减震块受到后缸体和底座的挤压时，减震块被压缩，使得减震块的中部向外鼓，当减震块的厚度较薄时，减震块的结构强度较低，减震块很容易被压破裂或被压坏。如图1、图3和图4所示，本实施例中缓冲块1的下表面沿纵向开设有条形槽一12，缓冲块1的上表面沿横向开设有条形槽二13，两个定位槽二11分别位于条形槽一12的左右侧。条形槽一12将缓冲块1的下表面分成左缓冲部14和右缓冲部15，条形槽二13将缓冲块1的上表面分成前缓冲部16和后缓冲部17，当缓冲块1受到后缸体4和底座的挤压时，左缓冲部14和右缓冲部15受到挤压后均沿左右方向扩张，条形槽一12的设置则为左缓冲部14和右缓冲部15沿左右方向扩张提供形变空间，前缓冲部16和后缓冲部17受到挤压后均沿前后方向扩张，条形槽二13的设置则为前缓冲部16和后缓冲部17沿前后方向扩张提供形变空间，条形槽一12和条形槽二13的设置使缓冲块1更易发生形变，提高缓冲块1的形变性能，进而提高缓冲块1的减震效果，与此同时，缓冲块1受挤压后发生的形变发生在缓冲块的上部和下部，缓冲块1的中部不出现向外鼓起的情况，使得缓冲块1厚度降低的情况下依然不易被压裂或被压坏，另外，条形槽一12和条形槽二13相垂直布置的，缓冲块1受挤压后不会在条形槽一12和条形槽二13处发生断裂。
本文中所描述的具体实施例仅仅是对本实用新型精神作举例说明。本实用新型所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，但并不会偏离本实用新型的精神或者超越所附权利要求书所定义的范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种液压破碎锤的减震块，包括具有弹性的缓冲块(1)，所述缓冲块(1)均呈“十字形”结构并且缓冲块(1)上具有四个缺口一(10)，其特征在于，本减震块还包括垫块(2)，所述垫块(2)呈“十字形”结构，所述垫块(2)上具有四个缺口二(20)，所述垫块(2)与缓冲块(1)堆叠设置，并且垫块(2)与缓冲块(1)之间具有使缓冲块(1)相对于垫块(2)周向定位的连接结构，所述缺口一(10)与缺口二(20)一一对应，所述缺口一(10)的侧壁一(101)相对于缺口二(20)的侧壁二(201)靠内设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种液压破碎锤的减震块，其特征在于，所述缓冲块(1)位于垫块(2)上表面所在的投影内。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种液压破碎锤的减震块，其特征在于，所述连接结构包括定位件(3)，所述垫块(2)的上表面开设有定位槽一(21)，所述缓冲块(1)的下表面开设有定位槽二(11)，所述定位件(3)位于垫块(2)和缓冲块(1)之间，并且定位件(3)的一端伸至定位槽一(21)内、另一端伸至定位槽二(11)内。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种液压破碎锤的减震块，其特征在于，所述定位件(3)为定位销，所述定位销具有两个，所述垫块(2)的上表面开设有两个所述的定位槽一(21)，所述缓冲块(1)的下表面开设有两个所述的定位槽二(11)，所述定位槽一(21)与定位槽二(11)一一对应。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种液压破碎锤的减震块，其特征在于，所有定位槽一(21)在垫块(2)的上表面沿横向间隔设置，所有定位槽二(11)在缓冲块(1)的下表面沿横向间隔设置。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种液压破碎锤的减震块，其特征在于，所述缓冲块(1)的下表面沿纵向开设有条形槽一(12)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种液压破碎锤的减震块，其特征在于，所述缓冲块(1)的上表面沿横向开设有条形槽二(13)。
  8. 根据权利要求1～7任一项所述的一种液压破碎锤的减震块，其特征在于，所述缓冲块(1)的中部开设有定位孔(18)。
  9. 根据权利要求1～7任一项所述的一种液压破碎锤的减震块，其特征在于，所述缓冲块(1)由聚氨酯材料制成，所述垫块(2)由MC901材料制成。
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