WO2021189707A1 - 一种基于阔叶十大功劳植物染料的竹纤维面料的染色方法 - Google Patents

一种基于阔叶十大功劳植物染料的竹纤维面料的染色方法 Download PDF

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WO2021189707A1
WO2021189707A1 PCT/CN2020/100559 CN2020100559W WO2021189707A1 WO 2021189707 A1 WO2021189707 A1 WO 2021189707A1 CN 2020100559 W CN2020100559 W CN 2020100559W WO 2021189707 A1 WO2021189707 A1 WO 2021189707A1
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dyeing
bamboo fiber
fabric
scouring
hydrogen peroxide
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French (fr)
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朱莉娜
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德州学院
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/34—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using natural dyestuffs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L1/00—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
    • D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
    • D06L4/13—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen using inorganic agents
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M16/00—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic
    • D06M16/003—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic with enzymes or microorganisms
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/673—Inorganic compounds
    • D06P1/67333—Salts or hydroxides
    • D06P1/6735—Salts or hydroxides of alkaline or alkaline-earth metals with anions different from those provided for in D06P1/67341
    • D06P1/67358—Halides or oxyhalides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/58—Material containing hydroxyl groups
    • D06P3/60—Natural or regenerated cellulose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
    • D06P5/02—After-treatment
    • D06P5/10—After-treatment with compounds containing metal
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of fabric dyeing methods, and in particular relates to a method for dyeing bamboo fiber fabrics by using broad-leaf ten mahjong dyes.
  • azo dyes, formaldehyde, fluorescent brighteners and softeners are allergenic; polyvinyl alcohol and Polypropylene slurry is not easily biodegradable; chlorine-containing bleaching agents are seriously polluted; some aromatic amine dyes are carcinogenic; dyes contain harmful heavy metals; various finishing agents and printing and dyeing auxiliaries containing formaldehyde have toxic effects on the human body.
  • alkaline reagents are often used to pre-treat fabrics, and these treatment processes will also have a negative impact on the appearance and use experience of the fabric itself.
  • the application of biological enzymes to textile printing and dyeing has significant advantages, including cleaning the surface of the fabric, reducing surface fluff, and improving the feel, drape, and water absorption of the fabric.
  • the biological enzyme treatment process also has the characteristics of environmental protection, which can effectively reduce the oxygen demand of sewage treatment. Compared with strong alkalis and enhancers, biological enzymes are undoubtedly a pollution-free and environmentally friendly tool. Effectively treat the pre-dyeing bleaching waste liquid without causing secondary pollution.
  • Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr is a plant belonging to the Dicotyledons, Berberiaceae, and Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. It has a wide range of medicinal effects. Its main ingredients include berberine, as a broad-spectrum antibacterial drug, it is also a plant dye with a cationic chemical structure. Patent CN102604423B provides a dye extraction method using berberine plants as raw materials, which is applied to acrylic fiber Dyeing, while obtaining color, can also have certain antibacterial properties.
  • bamboo fiber is a cellulose fiber extracted from naturally grown bamboo. It is the fifth largest natural fiber after cotton, hemp, wool, and silk. It has good air permeability, water absorption, abrasion resistance and good dyeing properties, etc. , It is more suitable for the production of underwear, household clothing and towels and other personal clothing.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fabric printing and dyeing process suitable for home furnishings.
  • the research of the present invention shows that bamboo fiber fabrics can be dyed by using Ten Merit dyes to obtain fabrics with antibacterial properties.
  • the present invention also provides a process for dyeing bamboo fiber fabrics with Ten Great Merits, and bamboo fiber fabrics with good color fixing effect and higher safety performance can be obtained by using the process.
  • the first aspect of the present invention provides the application of Ten Great Merits in bamboo fiber fabric products.
  • the bamboo fiber fabric products include household clothing, underwear, children's and elderly clothing, etc., as well as other antibacterial products, such as cleaning fabrics such as towels.
  • a method for dyeing bamboo fiber fabric includes the steps of pretreatment, dyeing and post-treatment on the bamboo fiber fabric;
  • the pretreatment includes desizing, scouring and bleaching the bamboo fiber fabric
  • the dyeing is to dye the pre-treated bamboo fiber fabric with the extract of Ten Great Merits;
  • the post-treatment is soaping.
  • the said desizing adopts starch bioenzyme to steam the bamboo fiber fabric to desizing.
  • the desizing temperature is controlled at 85°C-90°C.
  • the pH range of the desizing system is controlled at 5.0-8.0.
  • the desizing time is 35 to 55 minutes.
  • the bath ratio of the bamboo fiber fabric and the starch bioenzyme solution is 1:30-40.
  • the concentration of the starch bio-enzyme is 1.3-1.7 g/L alpha-starch bio-enzyme.
  • the scouring process includes heating and scouring with a scouring agent, and the active ingredients in the scouring agent are the scouring enzyme LS and a surfactant.
  • the concentration of the scouring enzyme LS is 1.8-2.2 g/L.
  • the concentration of the surfactant is 0.7-0.9 g/L.
  • the bath ratio of the bamboo fiber fabric to the scouring reagent is 1:13-16.
  • the pH value of the scouring reagent is within 8-10.
  • the scouring temperature is 55-65°C, or the scouring time is 28-32 min.
  • the surfactant is one or a mixture of the nonionic surfactant PEG4000 and the quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant 1227.
  • the nonionic surfactant PEG4000 is used.
  • the bleaching treatment adopts hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen peroxide biological enzyme for treatment.
  • an alkaline hydrogen peroxide buffer and hydrogen peroxide are used for heating and bleaching under the condition of a bath ratio of 1:28 to 32.
  • the alkaline hydrogen peroxide buffer is a mixed solution of Na 2 CO 3 , Na 2 SiO 3 , and NaOH, and the mass ratio of the three components is 2.8-3.2:4.8-5.2:1-1.4.
  • the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 7-10 g/L.
  • the bleaching temperature is 90-100°C, or the time is 75-85 min.
  • the hydrogen peroxide biological enzyme treatment step is as follows: after removing the residual hydrogen peroxide in the fabric, adding the hydrogen peroxide biological enzyme and heating and stirring under the condition of a bath ratio of 1:28-32.
  • the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide biological enzyme is 1.8-2.2 g/L.
  • the temperature is 70-80°C, or the time is 65-75 min.
  • the preparation method of the ten mahoniaceae extract is as follows: using an alcohol solution with a concentration of 40-50% to heat and filter mahonia mahonia leaves to obtain the filtrate, repeat the above operation to combine multiple filtrates to obtain the ten mahoniaceae Credit extract.
  • the material-to-liquid ratio of the ten major fruits to the alcohol solution is 1:45-55.
  • the extraction temperature is 60-70°C, and the time is 40-50 minutes.
  • the dyeing process uses salt as a dyeing aid, and further, the concentration of the salt is 1.8-2.2 g/L.
  • the active ingredient in the salt is sodium chloride.
  • the dyeing step parameters are as follows: bath ratio 1:43-47, temperature 52-57°C.
  • the soaping step is as follows: soap powder 1.8-2.2g/L, temperature 43-47°C, bath ratio 1:22-27, soaping time 27-33min.
  • plant dyeing is an effective means to reduce pollution in the most polluted textile industry, and the greenness of plant dyeing is more easily recognized and accepted by consumers.
  • the present invention proposes a method for dyeing bamboo fiber fabrics.
  • 1Desizing the desizing process adopts ⁇ -starch bio-enzyme, the temperature is controlled above 90°C, the pH range is controlled at 5.0 ⁇ 8.0, the time is 45min, the liquor ratio is 1:35, and the mass fraction of ⁇ -starch is 1.5g/L.
  • Bio-enzyme steam desizing bamboo fiber fabric.
  • the scouring enzyme LS is used in the scouring process.
  • 3Bleaching The bleaching process uses hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen peroxide biological enzymes.
  • the first step is to use Na 2 CO 3 concentration of 3g/L, Na 2 SiO 3 concentration of 5g/L, and NaOH concentration of 1.2g/L as hydrogen peroxide buffer solution.
  • the hydrogen peroxide concentration is 9g/L
  • the bleaching temperature of 95°C and the bleaching time of 80min are the optimized process for bleaching the fabric.
  • the second step is to remove the residual hydrogen peroxide in the fabric.
  • the hydrogen peroxide biological enzyme is 2g/L, the bath ratio is 1:30, the temperature is 75 °C, and the time is 70 minutes.
  • Appropriate mechanical stirring is used to make the hydrogen peroxide biological enzyme molecules can interact with the hydrogen peroxide inside the fiber. The molecules are in full contact to ensure the removal effect.
  • Extraction of the dye solution pulverize the leaves of the broad-leaved Tendon, according to the material-to-liquid ratio of 1:50, the ethanol concentration of 45%, the temperature of 65°C, and the time of 45min to extract the dye solution, filter out the first dye solution, and then Then add the same water and ethanol concentration as the first extraction, and extract again at a temperature of 65°C for 45 minutes. Mix the dye liquor obtained twice and filter to obtain the dye liquor used for dyeing the fabric.
  • Dyeing add salt as a dyeing aid, use salt 2g/L, bath ratio 1:45, time 75min, temperature 55°C to dye bamboo fiber fabric.
  • Post-treatment soaping: soap powder 2g/L, temperature 45°C, bath ratio 1:25, soaping time 30min, the color fastness of bamboo fiber fabric after soaping reaches level 4.
  • the fabric obtained by dyeing can be used for children's clothing, elderly clothing, underwear and other antibacterial fabrics.
  • 1Desizing the desizing process adopts ⁇ -starch bio-enzyme, the temperature is controlled above 90°C, the pH range is controlled at 5.0 ⁇ 8.0, the time is 35min, the liquor ratio is 1:40, and the mass fraction of ⁇ -starch is 1.3g/L.
  • Bio-enzyme steam desizing bamboo fiber fabric.
  • Scouring enzyme LS is used in the scouring process.
  • 3Bleaching The bleaching process uses hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen peroxide biological enzymes.
  • the first step is to use Na 2 CO 3 concentration of 2.8 g/L, Na 2 SiO 3 concentration of 4.8 g/L, and NaOH concentration of 1 g/L as the hydrogen peroxide buffer solution. Under the condition of bath ratio 1:28, the hydrogen peroxide concentration is 7 g/L , The bleaching temperature of 90°C and the bleaching time of 85min are optimized processes for bleaching the fabric.
  • the second step is to remove the residual hydrogen peroxide in the fabric.
  • the hydrogen peroxide biological enzyme is 1.8g/L, the bath ratio is 1:32, the temperature is 70°C, and the time is 65 minutes.
  • the hydrogen peroxide molecules are in full contact to ensure the removal effect.
  • Extraction of dye solution pulverize the leaves of Broadleaf Tendon, according to the material-to-liquid ratio of 1:55, ethanol concentration of 40%, temperature of 65°C, and time of 50min to extract the dye solution, filter out the first dye solution, and then Then add the same water and ethanol concentration as the first extraction, and extract again at a temperature of 65°C for 45 minutes. Mix the dye liquor obtained twice and filter to obtain the dye liquor used for dyeing the fabric.
  • Dyeing add salt as a dyeing aid, use salt 1.8g/L, bath ratio 1:47, time 75min, temperature 55°C to dye bamboo fiber fabric.
  • Post-treatment soaping: soap powder 2.2g/L, temperature 43°C, bath ratio 1:27, soaping time 33min, the color fastness of the bamboo fiber fabric after soaping reaches level 4.
  • 1Desizing the desizing process adopts ⁇ -starch bio-enzyme, the temperature is controlled above 90°C, the pH range is controlled at 5.0 ⁇ 8.0, the time is 35min, the liquor ratio is 1:40, and the mass fraction of ⁇ -starch is 1.3g/L.
  • Bio-enzyme steam desizing bamboo fiber fabric.
  • 2Scouring the scouring enzyme LS is used in the scouring process.
  • 3Bleaching The bleaching process uses hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen peroxide biological enzymes.
  • the first step is to use Na 2 CO 3 concentration of 3.2 g/L, Na 2 SiO 3 concentration of 4.8 g/L, and NaOH concentration of 1 g/L as hydrogen peroxide buffer solution.
  • the hydrogen peroxide concentration is 10 g/L
  • the bleaching temperature is 98°C
  • the bleaching time is 75min to optimize the process for bleaching the fabric.
  • the second step is to remove the residual hydrogen peroxide in the fabric.
  • the hydrogen peroxide biological enzyme is 2g/L, the bath ratio is 1:28, the temperature is 70 °C, and the time is 75 minutes. The molecules are in full contact to ensure the removal effect.
  • Extraction of dye solution pulverize the leaves of Broadleaf Tendon, according to the material-liquid ratio of 1:50, ethanol concentration of 50%, temperature of 60°C, and time of 55min to extract the dye solution, filter out the first dye solution, and then Then add the same water and ethanol concentration as the first extraction, and extract again at a temperature of 65°C for 45 minutes. Mix the dye liquor obtained twice and filter to obtain the dye liquor used for dyeing the fabric.
  • Dyeing add salt as a dyeing aid, use salt 2.2g/L, bath ratio 1:47, time 75min, temperature 57°C to dye bamboo fiber fabric.
  • Post-treatment soaping: soap powder 2.2g/L, temperature 47°C, bath ratio 1:22, soaping time 27min, the color fastness of bamboo fiber fabric after soaping reaches level 4.
  • Extraction of dye solution pulverize the leaves of Broadleaf Tendon, according to the material-to-liquid ratio of 1:50, ethanol concentration of 50%, temperature of 60°C, and time of 55min to extract the dye solution, filter out the first dye solution, then Then add the same water and ethanol concentration as the first extraction, and extract again at a temperature of 65°C for 45 minutes. Mix the dye liquor obtained twice and filter to obtain the dye liquor used for dyeing the fabric.
  • Dyeing dyeing bamboo fiber fabric with bath ratio 1:47, time 75min, temperature 57°C.
  • Post-treatment soaping: soap powder 2.2g/L, temperature 47°C, bath ratio 1:22, soaping time 27min, the color fastness of the bamboo fiber fabric after soaping reaches level 4.
  • Extraction of dye solution pulverize the leaves of Broadleaf Tendon, according to the material-to-liquid ratio of 1:50, ethanol concentration of 50%, temperature of 60°C, and time of 55min to extract the dye solution, filter out the first dye solution, then Then add the same water and ethanol concentration as the first extraction, and extract again at a temperature of 65°C for 45 minutes. Mix the dye liquor obtained twice and filter to obtain the dye liquor used for dyeing the fabric.
  • Dyeing add alum as mordant, dye bamboo fiber fabric at 1.2g/L, bath ratio 1:47, time 75min, temperature 57°C.
  • Post-treatment soaping: soap powder 2.2g/L, temperature 47°C, bath ratio 1:22, soaping time 27min, the color fastness of bamboo fiber fabric after soaping reaches 3-4 level.
  • Extraction of dye solution pulverize the leaves of Broadleaf Tendon, according to the material-to-liquid ratio of 1:50, ethanol concentration of 50%, temperature of 60°C, and time of 55min to extract the dye solution, filter out the first dye solution, then Then add the same water and ethanol concentration as the first extraction, and extract again at a temperature of 65°C for 45 minutes. Mix the dye liquor obtained twice and filter to obtain the dye liquor used for dyeing the fabric.
  • Dyeing add ferrous sulfate as mordant, dye bamboo fiber fabrics at 1g/L ferrous sulfate, bath ratio 1:47, time 75min, temperature 57°C.
  • Post-treatment soaping: soap powder 2.2g/L, temperature 47°C, bath ratio 1:22, soaping time 27min, the color fastness of bamboo fiber fabric after soaping reaches 3-4 level.
  • Example 1 salt as dye auxiliary
  • Comparative Examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1:
  • salt as a dyeing aid, the color fastness to rubbing of the dyed bamboo fiber fabric is improved compared with direct dyeing, and the staining degree is improved under the immersion of acid and alkali sweat respectively, the K/S value and the antibacterial property of the fabric Both are higher than direct dyeing.
  • 4Salt is used as a dyeing aid, which not only improves the color fastness of the fabric, but also improves the antibacterial property of the fabric compared with other dyeing methods, and the K/S value is also improved compared with direct dyeing.
  • salt is used as a dyeing aid to dye bamboo fiber fabrics.

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Abstract

本发明属于织物染色方法技术领域，具体涉及一种基于阔叶十大功劳植物染料的竹纤维面料的染色方法。十大功劳作为天然植物染料应用竹纤维面料染色能够获得具有抗菌性能的面料，更加适用于家居服饰的制作。本发明提供的染色方法包括以下步骤，分别采用淀粉生物酶、煮练酶对面料进行退浆和煮练处理，通过双氧水及双氧水生物酶进行漂白；通过醇提获取十大功劳染色液，采用盐作为助染剂进行染色，之后皂洗。该方法染色后的面料颜色柔和淡雅，染色工艺简单，通过醇提方式获取的十大功劳染料可冻干后保存，便于运输与使用；该方案应用于实际生产具有良好的经济意义。

Description

一种基于阔叶十大功劳植物染料的竹纤维面料的染色方法 技术领域
本发明属于织物染色方法技术领域，具体涉及一种采用阔叶十大功劳染料对竹纤维面料进行染色的方法。
背景技术
公开该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解，而不必然被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已经成为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
自上世纪90年代起，我国纺织服装生产及出口数量已位居世界之首，在带来经济与民生发展的同时，纺织行业的污染问题也不容小觑。全球范围内，仅次于石油行业，纺织服装行业已经成为全球第二大污染行业。传统的纺织行业耗水量巨大，且生产过程伴随大量废水，印染企业排放的生产废水中夹带大量纤维、浆料、油剂、染料和化学助剂等，危害性强，处理难度高。另外，生产过程中的有毒染料或加工助剂也会附着在织物上，对人体的健康造成直接的影响，如偶氮染料、甲醛、荧光增白剂和柔软剂具致敏性；聚乙烯醇和聚丙烯类浆料不易生物降解；含氯漂白剂污染严重；一些芳香胺染料具有致癌性；染料中具有害重金属；含甲醛的各类整理剂和印染助剂对人体具有毒害作用等。
另外，传统的印染技术中多采用碱性试剂对面料进行预处理，这些处理过程对于面料本身的外观和使用感受也会造成不良影响。为了实现环保生产，提高面料的舒适程度，将生物酶应用于纺织印染具有显著的优势，包括清洁织物表面、减少表面绒毛，改善织物的手感性能、悬垂度、吸水性等。同时生物酶处理工艺还兼具环保性的特点，可以有效地降低污水处理的需氧量，与强碱和强化剂相比，生物酶无疑是一种无污染的环保性较高的工具，可以有效处理染色前处理煮漂废液，而且不会造成二次污染。
阔叶十大功劳(Mahonia bealei(Fort.)Carr.)为双子叶植物纲、小檗科、十大功劳属植物，具有广泛的药用功效。其主要成分包括小檗碱，作为广谱抗菌药物之外，还是具有阳离子化学结构的植物染料，专利CN102604423B中提供了一种以小檗碱类植物作为原料的染料提取方法，应用于腈纶纤维的染色，在获取色 彩的同时，还能够具有一定的抗菌性能。
竹纤维是从自然生长的竹子中提取出的纤维素纤维，继棉、麻、毛、丝后的第五大天然纤维，具有良好的透气性、吸水性、耐磨性和良好的染色性能等，更加适用于生产内衣、家居服饰及毛巾等贴身使用的衣物。
发明内容
基于上述研究背景，发明人认为提供一种更加适用于家居服饰的面料及印染工艺具有良好的市场前景。本发明的目的在于提供一种适合于家居服饰的面料印染工艺，经本发明研究表明，采用十大功劳染料对竹纤维面料进行染色，能够获得具有抗菌性能的织物。进一步的，本发明还提供了采用十大功劳对竹纤维面料进行染色的工艺，采用该工艺能够获得固色效果良好、安全性能更高的竹纤维面料。
基于上述研究成果，本发明提供以下技术方案：
本发明第一方面，提供十大功劳在竹纤维面料制品的应用。
优选的，所述竹纤维面料制品包括家居服饰、内衣、儿童及老年人服饰等，还包括其他抗菌制品，如毛巾等清洁织物。
本发明第二方面，提供一种竹纤维面料的染色方法，所述染色方法包括对竹纤维面料进行预处理，染色及后处理步骤；
其中，所述预处理包括对竹纤维面料进行退浆、煮练及漂白处理；
所述染色为采用十大功劳提取物对预处理后的竹纤维面料进行染色；
所述后处理为皂洗。
优选的，所述退浆采用淀粉生物酶对竹纤维面料进行气蒸退浆。
进一步优选的，所述退浆温度控制在85℃-90℃。
进一步优选的，所述退浆体系的pH范围控制在5.0～8.0。
进一步优选的，所述退浆时间为35～55min。
进一步优选的，所述竹纤维面料与淀粉生物酶溶液的浴比为1:30～40。
进一步优选的，所述淀粉生物酶的浓度为1.3～1.7g/L的α-淀粉生物酶。
优选的，所述煮练工艺包括采用煮练试剂加热煮练，所述煮练试剂中活性成分为煮练酶LS及表面活性剂。
进一步优选的，所述煮练酶LS浓度为1.8～2.2g/L。
进一步优选的，所述表面活性剂浓度为0.7～0.9g/L。
进一步优选的，所述竹纤维面料与煮练试剂的浴比为1:13～16。
进一步优选的，所述煮练试剂的pH值在8～10内。
进一步优选的，所述煮练温度为55～65℃，或煮练时间为28～32min。
进一步优选的，所述表面活性剂为非离子表面活性剂PEG4000、季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂1227中的一种或混合物，更为优选的方案中，采用非离子表面活性剂PEG4000。
优选的，所述漂白处理采用双氧水和双氧水生物酶进行处理。
进一步优选的，采用碱性双氧水缓冲液及双氧水在浴比1:28～32的条件下加热漂白处理。
更为优选的，所述碱性双氧水缓冲液为Na 2CO 3、Na 2SiO 3、NaOH的混合溶液，三种成分的质量比为2.8～3.2:4.8～5.2:1～1.4。
更为优选的，所述双氧水浓度为7～10g/L。
更为优选的，所述漂白温度为90～100℃，或时间为75～85min。
进一步优选的，所述双氧水生物酶处理步骤如下：去除面料中残余的双氧水之后，加入双氧水生物酶在浴比1:28～32条件下加温搅拌。
更为具体的，所述双氧水生物酶的浓度为1.8～2.2g/L。
更为具体的，所述温度为70～80℃，或时间为65～75min。
优选的，所述十大功劳提取物制备方法如下：采用浓度为40～50％的醇溶液对十大功劳叶进行加热提取、过滤得到滤液，重复上述操作将多次滤液合并得到所述十大功劳提取物。
进一步优选的，所述十大功劳与醇溶液的料液比为1:45～55。
进一步优选的，所述提取温度为60～70℃，时间40～50min。
优选的，所述染色过程采用盐作为助染剂，进一步的，盐的浓度为1.8～2.2g/L。
进一步优选的，所述盐中的活性成分为氯化钠。
优选的，所述染色步骤参数如下：浴比1:43～47、温度52～57℃。
优选的，所述皂洗步骤如下：皂粉1.8～2.2g/L，温度43～47℃，浴比1：22～27，皂洗时间27～33min。
以上一个或多个技术方案的有益效果如下：
(1)从色彩上来看，植物染色染出的颜色大部分色彩淡雅柔和，深色较难得到。而家居服的设计中通常使用柔和的色彩，深色使用率较小，这与植物染色的色彩特点非常吻合。功劳叶媒染出的颜色是黄白色和绿色，浅色系的颜色更能够满足家居服设计的需求，给家居服的设计带来很大的自由度。
(2)在工艺上，大部分植物染色工艺简单，使用粉碎后的干染材和简单的媒染技术进行调色和固色，主要的几种染料材料由于是中药，可以使用干燥保存，便于运输与使用，这些均为植物染色的规模化生产提供了很好的基础，更加提高生产效率。
(3)在染料利用率上，植物染料的出色率低，染色成本高，虽然现在有粉碎、超声提取等技术来提高效率，仍比不上化学染色经济。但由于植物染色是一种高附加值的工艺，市场价值较高。
(4)从染料来源来看，阔叶十大功劳是属中药材，现在中药材产业前景良好，中药种植兴盛，让植物染料的种植走在了一个很好的发展平台上。
(5)从环保角度上看，植物染色是染色这个污染最严重的纺织工业环节中减少污染的有效手段，且植物染色的绿色性更容易被消费者认可和接受。
具体实施方式
应该指出，以下详细说明都是例示性的，旨在对本发明提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本发明的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
正如背景技术所介绍的，针对现有技术中存在的不足，为了解决如上的技术问题，本发明提出了一种竹纤维面料的染色方法。
为了使得本领域技术人员能够更加清楚地了解本发明的技术方案，以下将结合具体的实施例与对比例详细说明本发明的技术方案。
实施例1
1.面料前处理：
①退浆：退浆过程采用α-淀粉生物酶，将温度控制在90℃以上，pH范围控制在5.0～8.0，时间45min，浴比1：35，质量分数为1.5g/L的α-淀粉生物酶，对竹纤维面料进行气蒸退浆。
②煮练：煮练的过程使用煮练酶LS，煮练优化工艺为：煮练酶LS 2g/L,表面活性剂0.8g/L，浴比1：15，pH值＝9，温度60℃，时间30min。
③漂白：漂白过程使用双氧水和双氧水生物酶。
第一步，以Na 2CO 3浓度3g/L、Na 2SiO 3浓度5g/L、NaOH浓度1.2g/L做双氧水缓冲溶液，浴比1：30的条件下，双氧水浓度为9g/L、漂白温度95℃、漂白时间80min为优化工艺对面料进行漂白。
第二步，去除面料中残留的双氧水，双氧水生物酶2g/L，浴比1：30，温度75℃，时间70min,适当加以机械搅拌，以便使得过氧化氢生物酶分子可以与纤维内部的双氧水分子充分接触，保证去除效果。
2.染液的提取：将阔叶十大功劳的叶子粉碎，按料液比1：50，乙醇浓度45％，温度65℃，时间45min进行染液提取，过滤出第一遍染液，然后再加入同第一次提取相同的水和乙醇浓度，再次按照温度65℃，提取45min，将两次所得染液混在一起，过滤得染面料所用的染液。
3.染色：加盐做助染剂，按盐2g/L，浴比1：45，时间75min，温度55℃对竹纤维面料进行染色。
4.后处理：皂洗：皂粉2g/L，温度45℃，浴比1：25，皂洗时间30min，皂洗后竹纤维面料的色牢度达到4级。
所述染色获得的面料可以用于童装、老年服饰、内衣及其他抗菌织物。
实施例2
1.面料前处理：
①退浆：退浆过程采用α-淀粉生物酶，将温度控制在90℃以上，pH范围控制在5.0～8.0，时间35min，浴比1：40，质量分数为1.3g/L的α-淀粉生物酶，对竹纤维面料进行气蒸退浆。
②煮练：煮练的过程使用煮练酶LS，具体工艺为：煮练酶LS 2g/L，表面活性 剂0.8g/L，浴比1：13，pH值＝10，温度65℃，时间28min。
③漂白：漂白过程使用双氧水和双氧水生物酶。
第一步，以Na 2CO 3浓度2.8g/L、Na 2SiO 3浓度4.8g/L、NaOH浓度1g/L做双氧水缓冲溶液，浴比1:28的条件下，双氧水浓度为7g/L、漂白温度90℃、漂白时间85min为优化工艺对面料进行漂白。
第二步，去除面料中残留的双氧水，双氧水生物酶1.8g/L，浴比1：32，温度70℃，时间65min，适当加以机械搅拌，以便使得过氧化氢生物酶分子可以与纤维内部的双氧水分子充分接触，保证去除效果。
2.染液的提取：将阔叶十大功劳的叶子粉碎，按料液比1：55，乙醇浓度40％，温度65℃，时间50min进行染液提取，过滤出第一遍染液，然后再加入同第一次提取相同的水和乙醇浓度，再次按照温度65℃，提取45min，将两次所得染液混在一起，过滤得染面料所用的染液。
3.染色：加盐做助染剂，按盐1.8g/L，浴比1：47，时间75min，温度55℃对竹纤维面料进行染色。
4.后处理：皂洗：皂粉2.2g/L，温度43℃，浴比1：27，皂洗时间33min，皂洗后竹纤维面料的色牢度达到4级。
实施例3
1.面料前处理：
①退浆：退浆过程采用α-淀粉生物酶，将温度控制在90℃以上，pH范围控制在5.0～8.0，时间35min，浴比1：40，质量分数为1.3g/L的α-淀粉生物酶，对竹纤维面料进行气蒸退浆。
②煮练：煮练的过程使用煮练酶LS，煮练优化工艺为：煮练酶LS 2.2g/L，表面活性剂1.9g/L，浴比1：16，pH值＝8，温度55℃，时间32min。
③漂白：漂白过程使用双氧水和双氧水生物酶。
第一步，以Na 2CO 3浓度3.2g/L、Na 2SiO 3浓度4.8g/L、NaOH浓度1g/L做双氧水缓冲溶液，浴比1：28的条件下，双氧水浓度为10g/L、漂白温度98℃、漂白时间75min为优化工艺对面料进行漂白。
第二步，去除面料中残留的双氧水，双氧水生物酶2g/L，浴比1：28，温度70℃，时间75min，适当加以机械搅拌，以便使得过氧化氢生物酶分子可以与纤维内部的双氧水分子充分接触，保证去除效果。
2.染液的提取：将阔叶十大功劳的叶子粉碎，按料液比1：50，乙醇浓度50％，温度60℃，时间55min进行染液提取，过滤出第一遍染液，然后再加入同第一次提取相同的水和乙醇浓度，再次按照温度65℃，提取45min，将两次所得染液混在一起，过滤得染面料所用的染液。
3.染色：加盐做助染剂，按盐2.2g/L，浴比1：47，时间75min，温度57℃对竹纤维面料进行染色。
4.后处理：皂洗：皂粉2.2g/L，温度47℃，浴比1：22，皂洗时间27min，皂洗后竹纤维面料的色牢度达到4级。
对比例1：直接染色
1.染液的提取：将阔叶十大功劳的叶子粉碎，按料液比1：50，乙醇浓度50％，温度60℃，时间55min进行染液提取，过滤出第一遍染液，然后再加入同第一次提取相同的水和乙醇浓度，再次按照温度65℃，提取45min，将两次所得染液混在一起，过滤得染面料所用的染液。
2.染色：浴比1：47，时间75min，温度57℃对竹纤维面料进行染色。
3.后处理：皂洗：皂粉2.2g/L，温度47℃，浴比1：22，皂洗时间27min，皂洗后竹纤维面料的色牢度达到4级。
对比例2：明矾媒染
1.染液的提取：将阔叶十大功劳的叶子粉碎，按料液比1：50，乙醇浓度50％，温度60℃，时间55min进行染液提取，过滤出第一遍染液，然后再加入同第一次提取相同的水和乙醇浓度，再次按照温度65℃，提取45min，将两次所得染液混在一起，过滤得染面料所用的染液。
2.染色：加明矾做媒染剂，按明矾1.2g/L，浴比1：47，时间75min，温度57℃对竹纤维面料进行染色。
3.后处理：皂洗：皂粉2.2g/L，温度47℃，浴比1：22，皂洗时间27min，皂洗后竹纤维面料的色牢度达到3-4级。
对比例3：硫酸亚铁媒染
1.染液的提取：将阔叶十大功劳的叶子粉碎，按料液比1：50，乙醇浓度50％，温度60℃，时间55min进行染液提取，过滤出第一遍染液，然后再加入同第一次提取相同的水和乙醇浓度，再次按照温度65℃，提取45min，将两次所得染液混在一起，过滤得染面料所用的染液。
2.染色：加硫酸亚铁做媒染剂，按硫酸亚铁1g/L，浴比1：47，时间75min，温度57℃对竹纤维面料进行染色。
3.后处理：皂洗：皂粉2.2g/L，温度47℃，浴比1：22，皂洗时间27min，皂洗后竹纤维面料的色牢度达到3-4级。
实施例1(盐做助染剂)及对比例1-3的染色效果如表1所示：
表1
Figure PCTCN2020100559-appb-000001
从以上表格分析得出：
①使用盐做助染剂，染色竹纤维面料的耐摩擦色牢度较直接染色有所改善，且分别在酸碱汗液的浸渍下，沾色程度有所改善，K/S值和面料抗菌性均高于直接染色。
②使用明矾、硫酸亚铁做媒染剂对竹纤维面料进行染色后，虽然面料的K/S值高于直接染色，但面料抗菌性略低于直接染色，染色后的色牢度不太理想。
③媒染后的竹纤维织物色牢度不太理想，所以最终染色实验不选用明矾、硫酸亚铁媒染。
④盐做助染剂，不仅提高面料的色牢度，且面料抗菌性较其他染色方法也有所提高，K/S值较直接染色也有所提高。
最终选用盐作助染剂对竹纤维面料进行染色。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 十大功劳在竹纤维面料制品中的应用。
  2. 如权利要求1所述十大功劳在竹纤维面料制品中的应用，其特征在于，所述竹纤维面料制品包括家居服饰、内衣、儿童及老年人服饰等，还包括其他抗菌制品，如毛巾等清洁织物。
  3. 一种竹纤维面料的染色方法，所述染色方法包括对竹纤维面料进行预处理，染色及后处理步骤；
    其中，所述预处理包括对竹纤维面料进行退浆、煮练及漂白处理；
    所述染色为采用十大功劳提取物对预处理后的竹纤维面料进行染色；
    所述后处理为皂洗。
  4. 如权利要求3所述竹纤维面料的染色方法，其特征在于，所述退浆采用淀粉生物酶对竹纤维面料进行气蒸退浆；
    优选的，所述退浆温度控制在85℃-90℃；
    优选的，所述退浆体系的pH范围控制在5.0～8.0；
    优选的，所述退浆时间为35～55min；
    优选的，所述竹纤维面料与淀粉生物酶溶液的浴比为1:30～40；
    优选的，所述淀粉生物酶的浓度为1.3～1.7g/L的α-淀粉生物酶。
  5. 如权利要求3所述竹纤维面料的染色方法，其特征在于，所述煮练工艺包括采用煮练试剂加热煮练，所述煮练试剂中活性成分为煮练酶LS及表面活性剂；
    优选的，所述煮练酶LS浓度为1.8～2.2g/L；
    优选的，所述表面活性剂浓度为0.7～0.9g/L；
    优选的，所述竹纤维面料与煮练试剂的浴比为1:13～16；
    优选的，所述煮练试剂的pH值＝8～10；
    优选的，所述煮练温度为55～65℃，或煮练时间为28～32min。
  6. 如权利要求3所述竹纤维面料的染色方法，其特征在于，所述漂白处理采用双氧水和双氧水生物酶进行处理。
  7. 如权利要求3所述竹纤维面料的染色方法，其特征在于，采用碱性双氧水缓冲液及双氧水在浴比1:28～32的条件下加热漂白处理；
    优选的，所述碱性双氧水缓冲液为Na 2CO 3、Na 2SiO 3、NaOH的混合溶液，三种成分的质量比为2.8～3.2:4.8～5.2:1～1.4；
    优选的，所述双氧水浓度为7～10g/L；
    优选的，所述漂白温度为90～100℃，或时间为75～85min。
  8. 如权利要求3所述竹纤维面料的染色方法，其特征在于，所述双氧水生物酶处理步骤如下：去除面料中残余的双氧水之后，加入双氧水生物酶在浴比1:28～32条件下加温搅拌；
    优选的，所述双氧水生物酶的浓度为1.8～2.2g/L；
    优选的，所述温度为70～80℃，或时间为65～75min。
  9. 如权利要求3所述竹纤维面料的染色方法，其特征在于，所述十大功劳提取物制备方法如下：采用浓度为40～50％的醇溶液对十大功劳叶进行加热提取、过滤得到滤液，重复上述操作将多次滤液合并得到所述十大功劳提取物；优选的，所述提取温度为60～70℃，时间40～50min。
  10. 如权利要求3所述竹纤维面料的染色方法，其特征在于，所述染色过程采用盐作为助染剂，优选的，盐的浓度为2g/L；
    或所述染色步骤参数如下：浴比1:43～47、温度52～57℃；
    或所述皂洗步骤如下：皂粉1.8～2.2g/L，温度43～47℃，浴比1：22～27，皂洗时间27～33min。
PCT/CN2020/100559 2020-03-23 2020-07-07 一种基于阔叶十大功劳植物染料的竹纤维面料的染色方法 WO2021189707A1 (zh)

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CN111979798A (zh) * 2020-09-07 2020-11-24 福建凤竹纺织科技股份有限公司 一种纺织面料的植物染色方法

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