WO2020151159A1 - 指纹识别的装置和电子设备 - Google Patents

指纹识别的装置和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020151159A1
WO2020151159A1 PCT/CN2019/090436 CN2019090436W WO2020151159A1 WO 2020151159 A1 WO2020151159 A1 WO 2020151159A1 CN 2019090436 W CN2019090436 W CN 2019090436W WO 2020151159 A1 WO2020151159 A1 WO 2020151159A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
optical
microlens
fingerprint
layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/090436
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢浩
杜灿鸿
汪海翔
Original Assignee
深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/CN2019/077370 external-priority patent/WO2020133703A1/zh
Application filed by 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司
Priority to CN201980002383.7A priority Critical patent/CN110720106B/zh
Publication of WO2020151159A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020151159A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
    • G06V40/1318—Sensors therefor using electro-optical elements or layers, e.g. electroluminescent sensing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
    • G06V40/1312—Sensors therefor direct reading, e.g. contactless acquisition
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/30—Authentication, i.e. establishing the identity or authorisation of security principals
    • G06F21/31—User authentication
    • G06F21/32—User authentication using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voiceprints
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/1335—Combining adjacent partial images (e.g. slices) to create a composite input or reference pattern; Tracking a sweeping finger movement

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of biometric identification, and more specifically, to a fingerprint identification device and electronic equipment.
  • the fingerprint recognition technology under the optical screen is to collect the reflected light formed by the reflection of light on the finger, and the reflected light carries the fingerprint information of the finger, so as to realize the fingerprint recognition under the screen.
  • the performance of fingerprint recognition is closely related to the amount of fingerprint information that the optical fingerprint sensor can collect. Therefore, how to make the optical fingerprint sensor collect more fingerprint information has become a problem that needs to be solved.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a fingerprint identification method, device, and electronic equipment, which can collect more fingerprint information and improve the performance of fingerprint identification.
  • a fingerprint recognition device which is applied to an electronic device with a display screen, including:
  • a microlens array is used to be arranged between the display screen and the optical fingerprint sensor, the microlens array includes a plurality of microlenses, and the microlenses are used to perform oblique light signals reflected by a finger above the display screen.
  • Convergence wherein the projection of the condensing surface of the microlens on a plane perpendicular to its optical axis is a rectangle;
  • At least one light blocking layer is arranged between the microlens array and the optical sensing unit of the optical fingerprint sensor, wherein each light blocking layer includes a plurality of openings corresponding to the plurality of microlenses, and The oblique light signal condensed by the two microlenses passes through the openings corresponding to the microlenses in different light blocking layers to reach the optical sensing unit of the optical fingerprint sensor;
  • the optical fingerprint sensor is used to detect the oblique light signal, wherein the last light blocking layer of the at least one light blocking layer is integrated in the optical fingerprint sensor.
  • the tilt angle of the tilted optical signal is between 10° and 50°.
  • the condensing surface is a spherical surface or an aspherical surface.
  • the curvature of the light-concentrating surface in all directions is the same.
  • the device further includes:
  • the filter layer is arranged above the microlens array, or between the microlens array and the optical fingerprint sensor, and the filter layer is used to transmit light signals in a specific wavelength range.
  • an air layer or a transparent glue layer is filled between the filter layer and the micro lens array.
  • the transparent adhesive layer is surrounded by a light-shielding material.
  • the filter layer when the filter layer is disposed between the microlens array and the optical fingerprint sensor, the filter layer is integrated with the optical fingerprint sensor.
  • the microlens array further includes a base material located under the plurality of microlenses, and the base material and the material of the microlenses have the same refractive index.
  • the device further includes:
  • At least one light blocking layer is arranged between the micro lens array and the optical sensing unit of the optical fingerprint sensor, wherein each light blocking layer includes a plurality of openings corresponding to the plurality of micro lenses, and different blocking layers The openings in the optical layer corresponding to the same microlens are used to guide the oblique light signals condensed by the microlenses to the optical fingerprint sensor in sequence.
  • the inclination angles of the connecting lines of the openings corresponding to the same microlens in different light blocking layers are the same as the inclination angle of the oblique light signal.
  • the apertures corresponding to the same microlens in different light blocking layers are sequentially reduced from top to bottom.
  • each of the microlenses corresponds to an optical sensing unit of the optical fingerprint sensor, wherein the openings in different light blocking layers corresponding to the same microlens are used to pass through the The oblique light signal condensed by the micro lens is sequentially guided to the optical sensing unit corresponding to the micro lens.
  • the connecting lines of the openings in different light blocking layers corresponding to the same microlens pass through the central area of the optical sensing unit corresponding to the microlens.
  • adjacent light-blocking layers are connected by a transparent medium layer.
  • a terminal device including the fingerprint recognition device in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.
  • the oblique light signal reflected by the finger is guided to the optical fingerprint sensor through a microlens array.
  • the microlens in the microlens array is a rectangular microlens, which has a better light concentration than a circular lens. Area ratio, so that the optical fingerprint sensor can collect more fingerprint information, improve fingerprint recognition performance; on the other hand, because the optical signal obliquely incident on the finger reflected by the finger, the light intensity is significantly increased, so it can increase
  • the contrast between fingerprint valleys and ridges has better fingerprint recognition performance for special fingers such as dry fingers.
  • FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B are schematic diagrams of the structure of an electronic device applicable to the present application.
  • FIGS. 1A and 1B are schematic cross-sectional views of the electronic device shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B along the direction A-A'.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of fingerprint recognition using vertical light.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of fingerprint recognition using oblique light.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a fingerprint recognition device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6A is a schematic diagram of a circular microlens array.
  • 6B and 6C are schematic diagrams of a rectangular microlens array according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a possible structure of the fingerprint recognition device shown in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a possible structure of the fingerprint identification device shown in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a possible structure of the fingerprint identification device shown in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a possible structure of the fingerprint recognition device shown in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a possible structure of the fingerprint recognition device shown in FIG. 5.
  • the embodiments of this application can be applied to fingerprint systems, including but not limited to optical, ultrasonic or other fingerprint identification systems and medical diagnostic products based on optical, ultrasonic or other fingerprint imaging.
  • the embodiments of this application only take optical fingerprint systems as an example
  • the embodiments of this application should not constitute any limitation, and the embodiments of this application are also applicable to other systems that use optical, ultrasonic or other imaging technologies.
  • the optical fingerprint system provided in the embodiments of this application can be applied to smart phones, tablet computers, and other mobile terminals with display screens or other electronic devices; more specifically, in the above-mentioned electronic devices, the fingerprint model The group may specifically be an optical fingerprint module, which may be arranged in a partial area or an entire area under the display screen, thereby forming an under-display or under-screen optical fingerprint system.
  • the optical fingerprint module may be partially or fully integrated into the display screen of the electronic device to form an in-display or in-screen optical fingerprint system.
  • the fingerprint recognition technology under the optical screen uses the light returned from the top surface of the device display component to perform fingerprint sensing and other sensing operations.
  • the returned light carries the information of the object (for example, a finger) in contact with the top surface.
  • a specific optical sensor module located under the display screen is realized.
  • the design of the optical sensor module can be such that the desired optical imaging can be achieved by appropriately configuring optical elements for collecting and detecting the returned light.
  • FIG. 1A and 1B show schematic diagrams of electronic devices to which the embodiments of the present application can be applied.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of the orientation of the electronic device 10
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 1 along the A-A' direction.
  • the electronic device 10 includes a display screen 120 and an optical fingerprint module 130.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 is arranged in a partial area below the display screen 120.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 includes an optical fingerprint sensor, and the optical fingerprint sensor includes a sensing array 133 having a plurality of optical sensing units 131 (also referred to as photosensitive pixels, pixel units, etc.).
  • the area where the sensing array 133 is located or its sensing area is the fingerprint detection area 103 of the optical fingerprint module 130 (also referred to as a fingerprint collection area, a fingerprint recognition area, etc.). As shown in FIG. 1, the fingerprint detection area 103 is located in the display area of the display screen 120.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 may also be arranged in other positions, such as the side of the display screen 120 or the non-transparent area of the edge of the electronic device 10, and the optical fingerprint module 130 The optical signal of at least a part of the display area of the display screen 120 is guided to the optical fingerprint module 130, so that the fingerprint detection area 103 is actually located in the display area of the display screen 120.
  • the area of the fingerprint detection area 103 may be different from the area of the sensing array 133 of the optical fingerprint module 130, for example, through a light path design such as lens imaging, a reflective folding light path design, or other light converging or reflecting light paths.
  • the design can make the area of the fingerprint detection area 103 of the optical fingerprint module 130 larger than the area of the sensing array 133 of the optical fingerprint module 130.
  • the fingerprint detection area 103 of the optical fingerprint module 130 may also be designed to be substantially the same as the area of the sensing array of the optical fingerprint module 130.
  • the electronic device 10 adopting the above structure does not need to reserve space on the front side to set fingerprint buttons (such as the Home button), so that a full screen solution can be adopted, that is, the display area of the display screen 120 It can be basically extended to the front of the entire electronic device 10.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 includes a light detection part 134 and an optical component 132.
  • the light detection part 134 includes the sensor array 133, a reading circuit electrically connected to the sensor array 133, and other auxiliary circuits, which can be fabricated on a chip (Die) by a semiconductor process, such as an optical imaging chip Or an optical fingerprint sensor.
  • the sensing array 133 is specifically a photodetector (Photodetector) array, which includes a plurality of photodetectors distributed in an array, and the photodetectors can be used as the above-mentioned optical sensing unit.
  • the optical component 132 may be disposed above the sensing array 133 of the light detecting part 134, and it may specifically include a filter layer (Filter), a light guide layer or a light path guiding structure, and other optical elements.
  • the filter layer It can be used to filter out ambient light penetrating the finger, and the light guide layer or light path guiding structure is mainly used to guide the reflected light reflected from the surface of the finger to the sensor array 133 for optical detection.
  • the optical assembly 132 and the light detecting part 134 may be packaged in the same optical fingerprint component.
  • the optical component 132 and the optical detection part 134 can be packaged in the same optical fingerprint chip, or the optical component 132 can be arranged outside the chip where the optical detection part 134 is located, for example, the optical component 132 is attached above the chip, or some components of the optical assembly 132 are integrated into the chip.
  • the light guide layer or light path guiding structure of the optical component 132 has multiple implementation schemes.
  • the light guide layer may specifically be a collimator layer made on a semiconductor silicon wafer, which has multiple A collimating unit or a micro-hole array
  • the collimating unit can be specifically a small hole
  • the reflected light reflected from the finger the light that is perpendicularly incident on the collimating unit can pass through and be the optical sensing unit below it
  • the light with an excessively large incident angle is attenuated by multiple reflections inside the collimating unit. Therefore, each optical sensor unit can basically only receive the reflected light reflected by the fingerprint pattern directly above it.
  • the sensor array 133 can detect the fingerprint image of the finger.
  • the light guide layer or the light path guide structure may also be an optical lens (Lens) layer, which has one or more lens units, such as a lens group consisting of one or more aspheric lenses, which The sensing array 133 of the light detecting part 134 is used to converge the reflected light reflected from the finger to the sensing array 133 of the light detecting part 134 below, so that the sensing array 133 can perform imaging based on the reflected light, thereby obtaining a fingerprint image of the finger.
  • the optical lens layer may further have a pinhole formed in the optical path of the lens unit, and the pinhole may cooperate with the optical lens layer to expand the field of view of the optical fingerprint module 130 to improve The fingerprint imaging effect of the optical fingerprint module 130 is described.
  • the light guide layer or the light path guide structure may also specifically adopt a micro-lens (Micro-Lens) layer.
  • the micro-lens layer has a micro-lens array formed by a plurality of micro-lens, which can be grown by a semiconductor.
  • a process or other processes are formed above the sensing array 133 of the light detecting part 134, and each microlens may correspond to one of the sensing units of the sensing array 133, respectively.
  • other optical film layers may be formed between the micro lens layer and the sensing unit, such as a dielectric layer or a passivation layer.
  • a light blocking layer (or called a light blocking layer, a light blocking layer, etc.) with micro holes (or called openings) may also be included between the micro lens layer and the sensing unit, wherein the micro The hole is formed between the corresponding micro lens and the sensing unit, the light blocking layer can block the optical interference between the adjacent micro lens and the sensing unit, and make the light corresponding to the sensing unit converge through the micro lens To the inside of the micropore and transfer to the sensing unit through the micropore for optical fingerprint imaging.
  • a micro lens layer can be further provided above or below the collimator layer or the optical lens layer.
  • the collimator layer or the optical lens layer is used in combination with the microlens layer, its specific laminated structure or optical path may need to be adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the display screen 120 may be a display screen with a self-luminous display unit, such as an organic light-emitting diode (Organic Light-Emitting Diode, OLED) display or a micro-LED (Micro-LED) display Screen.
  • OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 may use the display unit (i.e., OLED light source) of the OLED display screen 120 located in the fingerprint detection area 103 as an excitation light source for optical fingerprint detection.
  • OLED light source i.e., OLED light source
  • the light 111 is reflected on the surface of the finger 140 to form reflected light or pass through all the fingers.
  • the finger 140 scatters to form scattered light.
  • the above-mentioned reflected light and scattered light are collectively referred to as reflected light. Because the ridge 141 and valley 142 of the fingerprint have different light reflection capabilities, the reflected light 151 from the fingerprint ridge and the reflected light 152 from the fingerprint valley have different light intensities, and the reflected light passes through the optical component 132.
  • the electronic device 10 realizes the optical fingerprint recognition function.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 may also use a built-in light source or an external light source to provide an optical signal for fingerprint detection.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 may be suitable for non-self-luminous display screens, such as liquid crystal display screens or other passively-luminous display screens.
  • the optical fingerprint system of the electronic device 10 may also include an excitation light source for optical fingerprint detection.
  • the excitation light source may specifically be an infrared light source or a light source of non-visible light of a specific wavelength, which may be arranged under the backlight module of the liquid crystal display screen or arranged in the edge area under the protective cover of the electronic device 10, and the
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 may be arranged under the edge area of the liquid crystal panel or the protective cover and guided by the light path so that the fingerprint detection light can reach the optical fingerprint module 130; or, the optical fingerprint module 130 may also be arranged at all Below the backlight module, and the backlight module is designed to allow the fingerprint detection light to pass through the liquid crystal panel and the backlight module and reach the optical Fingerprint module 130.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 adopts a built-in light source or an external light source to provide an optical signal for fingerprint detection, the detection principle is the same as that described above.
  • the electronic device 10 further includes a transparent protective cover, which may be a glass cover or a sapphire cover, which is located above the display screen 120 and covers the electronic The front of the device 10. Therefore, in the embodiments of the present application, the so-called finger pressing on the display screen 120 actually refers to pressing on the cover plate above the display screen 120 or covering the surface of the protective layer of the cover plate.
  • a transparent protective cover which may be a glass cover or a sapphire cover
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 may include only one optical fingerprint sensor.
  • the fingerprint detection area 103 of the optical fingerprint module 130 has a small area and a fixed position, so the user is performing During fingerprint input, it is necessary to press the finger to a specific position of the fingerprint detection area 103, otherwise the optical fingerprint module 130 may not be able to collect fingerprint images, resulting in poor user experience.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 may specifically include multiple optical fingerprint sensors. The multiple optical fingerprint sensors may be arranged side by side under the display screen 120 in a splicing manner, and the sensing areas of the multiple optical fingerprint sensors collectively constitute the fingerprint detection area 103 of the optical fingerprint module 130.
  • the fingerprint detection area 103 of the optical fingerprint module 130 can be extended to the main area of the lower half of the display screen, that is, to the area where the finger is habitually pressed, so as to realize the blind fingerprint input operation. Further, when the number of optical fingerprint sensors is sufficient, the fingerprint detection area 103 can also be extended to half of the display area or even the entire display area, thereby realizing half-screen or full-screen fingerprint detection.
  • the multiple optical fingerprint sensors may be arranged side by side in the Below the display screen 120 and the sensing areas of the multiple optical fingerprint sensors collectively constitute the fingerprint detection area 103 of the optical fingerprint device 130.
  • the optical assembly 132 may have multiple light path guiding structures, and each light path guiding structure corresponds to an optical fingerprint sensor, and is attached to each Set above the corresponding optical fingerprint sensor.
  • the multiple optical fingerprint sensors may also share an overall optical path guiding structure, that is, the optical path guiding structure has an area large enough to cover the sensing array of the multiple optical fingerprint sensors.
  • the optical assembly 132 may also include other optical elements, such as filters or other optical films, which may be arranged between the optical path guiding structure and the optical fingerprint sensor or arranged on the display.
  • the screen 120 and the optical path guiding structure are mainly used to isolate the influence of external interference light on the optical fingerprint detection.
  • the filter can be used to filter out the ambient light that penetrates the finger and enters the optical fingerprint sensor through the display screen 120. Similar to the optical path guide structure, the filter can be specific to each The optical fingerprint sensors are separately arranged to filter out interference light, or a large-area filter can also be used to simultaneously cover the multiple optical fingerprint sensors.
  • the optical path modulator may also be replaced by an optical lens (Lens), and a small hole formed by a light-shielding material above the optical lens can cooperate with the optical lens to converge fingerprint detection light to an optical fingerprint sensor below to realize fingerprint imaging.
  • each optical fingerprint sensor may be equipped with an optical lens to perform fingerprint imaging, or the multiple optical fingerprint sensors may also use the same optical lens to achieve light convergence and fingerprint imaging.
  • each optical fingerprint sensor may even have two sensing arrays (Dual Array) or multiple sensing arrays (Multi-Array), and two or more optical lenses are configured to cooperate with the two at the same time. Or multiple sensing arrays perform optical imaging, thereby reducing the imaging distance and enhancing the imaging effect.
  • the number, size, and arrangement of fingerprint sensors shown above are only examples, and can be adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the number of the plurality of fingerprint sensors may be 2, 3, 4, 5, etc., and the plurality of fingerprint sensors may be distributed in a square or circular shape.
  • the embodiments of the present application can be applied to the detection of various types of fingers, and can be particularly suitable for the detection of dry fingers.
  • the so-called dry fingers refer to dry fingers or clean fingers.
  • the current fingerprint recognition solution using vertical light does not have a good effect on the fingerprint recognition of dry fingers.
  • the solution using oblique light signals for fingerprint recognition in the embodiment of the present application can significantly improve the fingerprint recognition performance of dry fingers. The following description will be given in conjunction with FIG. 3 and FIG. 4.
  • 3 and 4 show the OLED display screen 120 and the cover 121 above the display 120, and the finger is located above the cover 121.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of fingerprint recognition using vertical light.
  • the ridge of the fingerprint when a normal finger is in contact with the display screen, the ridge of the fingerprint is in direct contact with the display screen. The position of the ridge forms a dark pattern, and the position of the valley forms a bright pattern.
  • the dry finger when the dry finger is in contact with the display screen, there is an air gap 310 between the ridge of the fingerprint and the display screen. This causes the ridge of the dry finger to be formed at the position compared to the ridge of the normal finger. "Slightly brighter" stripes, while the light and dark at the valley position remain unchanged, so that the contrast between the valley and the ridge of the fingerprint is reduced, which affects the performance of fingerprint recognition.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of fingerprint identification using oblique light.
  • the ridge of the fingerprint when a normal finger is in contact with the display screen, the ridge of the fingerprint is in direct contact with the display screen, the position of the ridge forms a dark pattern, and the position of the valley forms a bright pattern.
  • the reflectivity of vertical light is very low, and the reflectivity of the contact interface between the finger and the display screen is generally below 4%.
  • the reflectivity can be significantly improved.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of fingerprint identification using oblique light.
  • the contrast between the valley and the ridge that is, the ratio of the intensity of the valley to the intensity of the ridge, can be increased by 50% to 300%.
  • the excitation light source for fingerprint recognition in the embodiment of the present application may be a light-emitting unit of a self-luminous display such as an OLED, and each light-emitting unit can emit light in various directions.
  • the embodiment of the present application uses light in an oblique direction for fingerprint recognition.
  • this application is not limited to this, and an independent light source can also be provided for fingerprint identification.
  • the solution can also be applied to non-self-luminous display screens.
  • the improvement of the fingerprint signal is limited by the maximum brightness that the OLED screen can provide.
  • rectangular microlenses, or square lenses are used to replace traditional circular microlenses, so as to obtain a higher proportion of the light-collecting area, which can usually reach more than 98%.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fingerprint recognition device 500 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the fingerprint recognition device 500 is applied to an electronic device with a display screen, where the device 500 includes:
  • the microlens array 510 is configured to be arranged between the display screen and the optical fingerprint sensor 520, the microlens array includes a plurality of microlenses, and the microlenses are used for oblique light reflected by a finger above the display screen.
  • the signal is converged, and the projection of the condensing surface of the microlens on a plane perpendicular to its optical axis is a rectangle;
  • At least one light-blocking layer 550 is disposed between the microlens array 510 and the optical sensing unit of the optical fingerprint sensor 520, wherein each light-blocking layer includes a plurality of openings corresponding to the plurality of microlenses, and passes through each microlens.
  • the oblique light signal condensed by the lens passes through the openings corresponding to the microlens in different light blocking layers to reach the optical sensing unit of the optical fingerprint sensor 520;
  • the optical fingerprint sensor 520 is used to detect the tilt light signal.
  • microlens projected as a rectangle is also referred to as a rectangular microlens.
  • the microlens in the microlens array is a rectangular microlens, which has a better light-gathering area ratio than a circular lens, so the optical fingerprint sensor can collect more fingerprint information and improve fingerprint recognition performance
  • the contrast of the fingerprint valley and ridge can be improved, and the fingerprint recognition performance of special fingers such as dry fingers can be better.
  • the last light blocking layer in the at least one light blocking layer 550 is integrated in the optical fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the last layer of light blocking layer is integrated into the optical fingerprint sensor 520, which can ensure the reliability of fingerprint recognition, so that the oblique light signal reflected by the finger is effectively transmitted to the optical sensing unit of the optical fingerprint sensor. While guiding the light signal, the stray light is blocked, which improves the performance of fingerprint recognition.
  • each opening in the last light blocking layer may be located above the central area of an optical sensing unit of the optical fingerprint sensor 520, so that the The oblique light signal can be most effectively received by the optical sensing unit, which ensures better photoelectric conversion efficiency.
  • FIG. 6A is a top view of a microlens array composed of conventional circular microlenses. It can be seen that there is a gap 620 between adjacent microlenses 610, and the optical signal reflected by the finger and entering the gap 620 cannot be collected by the optical fingerprint sensor 520 As a result, although this part of the optical signal also carries fingerprint information, it has not been used.
  • 6B and 6C are respectively a top view and a side view of a microlens array composed of rectangular microlenses according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the projection of the microlens 511 shown in FIG. 6 directly below it is a square, which is also called a square microlens 511. It can be seen that by densely arranging these rectangular microlenses 511, there is no gap between adjacent microlenses 511, so a higher proportion of the light collecting area can be obtained, and more fingerprint information can be obtained, thereby improving fingerprint recognition. performance.
  • the condensing surface of the microlens is a surface used to converge light.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not make any limitation on the surface shape of the condensing surface, for example, it may be a spherical surface or an aspherical surface.
  • the curvature of the condensing surface in all directions is the same, so that the imaging focus of each direction of the microlens can be at the same position, thereby ensuring the imaging quality.
  • each microlens in the microlens array 510 in the embodiment of the present application may also have two condensing surfaces, the projected areas of the two condensing surfaces are rectangular, and the two condensing surfaces are symmetrical, forming It is similar to the shape of a convex lens to achieve better convergence of light.
  • microlenses in the microlens array 510 of the embodiment of the present application may be rectangular microlenses, but also other polygonal microlenses, that is, their forward projection is a polygon, for example, a hexagon. These microlenses only need to be tightly spliced together to eliminate or reduce the aforementioned gap 620.
  • the microlens array 510 further includes a base material under the plurality of microlenses, and the base material 512 has the same refractive index as the material of the microlenses, thereby reducing light loss caused by a sudden change in refractive index.
  • the device 500 further includes a filter layer 530, wherein the filter layer 530 is arranged above the microlens array 510, or between the microlens array 510 and the fingerprint sensor 520, and the filter layer 530 is used for To transmit optical signals within a specific wavelength range.
  • the space between the filter layer 530 and the micro lens array 510 is air 531, or a transparent glue layer 532 is filled.
  • the transparent adhesive layer 532 may be, for example, an optically clear adhesive (OCA), transparent glue, or transparent adhesive film.
  • OCA optically clear adhesive
  • the microlens array 510 can be surrounded by a light-shielding material 534, for example, black foam is used for light-shielding treatment, so as to prevent stray light around the microlens array 510 from entering the microlens array 510, thereby affecting fingerprint recognition performance.
  • a light-shielding material 534 for example, black foam is used for light-shielding treatment, so as to prevent stray light around the microlens array 510 from entering the microlens array 510, thereby affecting fingerprint recognition performance.
  • the filter layer 530 when the filter layer 530 is disposed between the micro lens array 510 and the optical fingerprint sensor 520, the filter layer 510 and the optical fingerprint sensor 520 are integrated.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the way of integrating the filter layer 510 and the optical fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the optical sensor unit of the optical fingerprint sensor 520 can be coated by an evaporation process to form the filter layer 530, such as by atomic Layer deposition, sputtering coating, electron beam evaporation coating, ion beam coating and other methods prepare a thin film of filter material above the optical sensing unit of the optical fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the thickness of the filter layer 530 may be less than or equal to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the optical fingerprint sensor 520 includes a plurality of photosensitive units and a light blocking layer 551 located above the plurality of sensing units.
  • the light blocking layer 551 includes a plurality of openings, such as openings 5511, each of which corresponds to an optical sensing unit, for example, the opening 5511 corresponds to the optical sensing unit 521, and the opening 5511 is used for oblique light signals at a predetermined angle. Reaching the optical sensing unit 521 corresponding to the opening 5511 and blocking light from other directions affects the oblique light signal.
  • the microlens array 510 is composed of a plurality of microlenses, and the refractive index of the base material 512 located under the microlens array 510 may be equal to the refractive index of the microlenses, thereby reducing light loss caused by a sudden change in refractive index.
  • the filter layer 530 may be disposed above the micro lens array 510, and there is an air gap 531 between the filter layer 530 and the micro lens array 510.
  • a light shielding material 540 is arranged around the micro lens array 510.
  • the filter layer 530 may be disposed above the micro lens array 510, and there is a transparent glue layer 532 between the filter layer 530 and the micro lens array 510.
  • the transparent adhesive layer 532 can be a low refractive index optical adhesive.
  • a light-shielding material 540 is provided around the transparent glue layer 532.
  • the filter layer 530 is integrated with the optical fingerprint sensor 520, and the filter layer 530 is located above the optical sensing unit 521 of the optical fingerprint sensor 520, so that light meeting the wavelength condition can reach the optical sensing unit 521. The light that does not meet the wavelength condition is filtered out.
  • the above-mentioned filter layer 530 can filter light in the infrared waveband, and transmit light in the visible light waveband, for example.
  • the filter layer 530 and the optical fingerprint sensor 520 can be integrated together to better ensure the reliability of fingerprint recognition. There are no restrictions on the location and type of the 530.
  • This application uses oblique light signals for fingerprint identification.
  • light entering the microlens 511 at an angle i can be condensed by the microlens 511 and reach the optical sensing unit 521 through the opening 5511.
  • the light at other angles will be blocked by the light blocking layer 551.
  • the light intensity of the oblique light has been significantly improved, and the reflected light at the fingerprint valley is increased more than the reflected light at the fingerprint ridge, which makes the valley and ridge of the fingerprint
  • the contrast is increased to improve the performance of fingerprint recognition.
  • each light-blocking layer can effectively prevent light crosstalk and block stray light in addition to realizing light path guidance, so that only light that meets the aforementioned preset angle i can reach the optical fingerprint sensor 520 through the light-blocking layer.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of light blocking layers. Too many light blocking layers will increase the thickness and complexity of the fingerprint identification device, while too few light blocking layers will bring more interference light and affect the imaging effect. In actual use, a reasonable number of light blocking layers can be set according to requirements.
  • FIGS. 7 to 9 show the case where there is only one light blocking layer, that is, the light blocking layer 551.
  • FIG. 10 shows a situation where there are two light blocking layers.
  • a light blocking layer 552 is added on the basis of FIG. 9, and a transparent medium layer 561 is filled between the light blocking layer 552 and the filter layer 530.
  • a transparent medium layer 561 is filled between the light blocking layer 552 and the filter layer 530.
  • FIG. 11 shows a situation where there are three light blocking layers.
  • Fig. 11 adds a light blocking layer 552 and a light blocking layer 553 on the basis of Fig. 9, and a transparent medium layer 561 is filled between the light blocking layer 552 and the light blocking layer 553.
  • a transparent medium layer 562 is filled in between.
  • the inclination angle of the connecting line of the openings corresponding to the same microlens in different light blocking layers is the same as the inclination angle of the oblique light signal.
  • the openings in different light-blocking layers corresponding to the same microlens should have a lateral offset, and the lines of these openings in different light-blocking layers should pass through the corresponding optical sensing unit, so that it can The oblique light signal can reach the optical sensing unit.
  • the lateral spacing between two openings corresponding to the same microlens and located in two adjacent light-blocking layers may be equal or unequal.
  • the vertical distance between two adjacent light blocking layers may also be equal or unequal.
  • the lateral spacing between the openings in the two adjacent light-blocking layers corresponding to the same microlens is also equal.
  • each microlens corresponds to an optical sensing unit of the optical fingerprint sensor 520, wherein the openings in different light-blocking layers corresponding to the same microlens are used to collect the oblique light signal condensed by the microlens. Lead to the optical sensing unit corresponding to the micro lens in turn.
  • connection lines of the openings corresponding to the same microlens in different light blocking layers pass through the central area of the optical sensing unit corresponding to the microlens.
  • the opening of the last light blocking layer can be arranged above the center of the corresponding optical sensing unit to ensure that the oblique light signal can reach the central area of the optical sensing unit, thereby achieving better photoelectric conversion efficiency.
  • the light rays reaching the microlens 511 at an angle i sequentially pass through the opening 5521 in the light blocking layer 552, the opening 5531 in the light blocking layer 553, and the block of the optical fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the opening 5511 in the optical layer 551 finally reaches the optical sensing unit 521.
  • the opening 5531 is offset to the left by a certain distance relative to the opening 5521
  • the opening 5511 is further offset to the left by a certain distance relative to the opening 5531, and the center of the opening 5521, the opening 5531 and the opening 5511
  • the wires can pass through the corresponding optical sensing unit 521, so that the oblique light can be guided.
  • the apertures corresponding to the same microlens in different light-blocking layers are sequentially reduced from top to bottom, so that the light beam reaching the optical fingerprint sensor 520 is a narrow light beam, which realizes narrow-angle light reception. While ensuring the collimation, it can also effectively attenuate unnecessary light, and further improve the clarity of the optical fingerprint image collected by the optical fingerprint sensor 520. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the apertures of the opening 5521, the opening 5531, and the opening 5511 corresponding to the same microlens 511 are sequentially reduced.
  • the last light blocking layer reached by the oblique light signal is integrated in the optical fingerprint sensor 520, so as to ensure the reliability of fingerprint recognition, and the remaining light blocking layers can pass between adjacent light blocking layers.
  • Transparent media layer connection For example, in FIG. 11, the light blocking layer 551 is integrated in the optical fingerprint sensor 520, the light blocking layer 552 and the light blocking layer 553 are connected by a transparent medium layer 561, and the light blocking layer 553 and the filter layer 530 are connected by a transparent medium.
  • the dielectric layer 562 is connected.
  • the refractive index of the transparent medium layer 561 and the transparent medium layer 562 can be the same as the refractive index of the base material 512 of the microlens array 510, and the same as the refractive index of the microlens array 510, thereby reducing light rays caused by a sudden change in refractive index. loss.
  • the implementation of the application is not limited to this, and other methods may be used to connect and fix the light blocking layer.
  • the light-blocking layer is fixed by a mechanical structure such as a bracket, or multiple light-blocking layers are pasted together by transparent glue or film.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide an electronic device, which includes the fingerprint recognition device in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the electronic device further includes a display screen, and the display screen may be a common non-folding display screen, and the display screen may also be a foldable display screen, or called a flexible display screen.
  • the electronic devices in the embodiments of the present application may be portable or mobile computing devices such as terminal devices, mobile phones, tablet computers, notebook computers, desktop computers, game devices, in-vehicle electronic devices, or wearable smart devices, and Electronic databases, automobiles, bank automated teller machines (Automated Teller Machine, ATM) and other electronic equipment.
  • the wearable smart device includes full-featured, large-sized, complete or partial functions that can be realized without relying on smartphones, such as smart watches or smart glasses, etc., and only focus on a certain type of application function, and need to cooperate with other devices such as smart phones Use, such as various types of smart bracelets, smart jewelry and other equipment for physical sign monitoring.

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Abstract

一种指纹识别的装置和电子设备，能够提升指纹识别的性能。该装置包括：微透镜阵列，用于设置在显示屏与光学指纹传感器之间，微透镜阵列包括多个微透镜，该微透镜用于对显示屏上方的手指反射的倾斜光信号进行会聚，该微透镜的聚光面在与其光轴垂直的平面上的投影为矩形；至少一个挡光层，设置在微透镜阵列与光学指纹传感器的光学感应单元之间，其中每个挡光层包括与多个微透镜分别对应的多个开孔，经每个微透镜会聚后的倾斜光信号穿过不同挡光层内与该微透镜对应的开孔，到达光学指纹传感器的光学感应单元；光学指纹传感器，用于检测倾斜光信号，至少一个挡光层中的最后一个挡光层集成在光学指纹传感器中。

Description

指纹识别的装置和电子设备
本申请要求于2019年1月22日提交中国专利局、申请号为PCT/CN2019/072649、名称为“指纹识别装置和电子设备”的PCT申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本申请要求于2019年3月7日提交中国专利局、申请号为PCT/CN2019/077370、名称为“指纹识别装置和电子设备”的PCT申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及生物特征识别领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种指纹识别的装置和电子设备。
背景技术
光学屏下指纹识别技术是通过采集光线在手指发生反射形成的反射光，反射光中携带手指的指纹信息，从而实现屏下指纹识别。指纹识别的性能与光学指纹传感器能够采集到的指纹信息的多少密切相关，因此，如何使光学指纹传感器采集到更多的指纹信息，成为需要解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种指纹识别方法、装置和电子设备，能够采集更多的指纹信息，提升指纹识别的性能。
第一方面，提供了一种指纹识别的装置，应用在具有显示屏的电子设备中，包括：
微透镜阵列，用于设置在所述显示屏与光学指纹传感器之间，所述微透镜阵列包括多个微透镜，所述微透镜用于对所述显示屏上方的手指反射的倾斜光信号进行会聚，其中，所述微透镜的聚光面在与其光轴垂直的平面上的投影为矩形；
至少一个挡光层，设置在所述微透镜阵列与所述光学指纹传感器的光学感应单元之间，其中每个挡光层包括与所述多个微透镜分别对应的多个开孔，经每个微透镜会聚后的所述倾斜光信号穿过不同挡光层内与所述微透镜对 应的开孔，到达所述光学指纹传感器的光学感应单元；
所述光学指纹传感器，用于检测所述倾斜光信号，其中所述至少一个挡光层中的最后一个挡光层集成在所述光学指纹传感器中。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述倾斜光信号的倾斜角度在10°至50°之间。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述聚光面为球面或非球面。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述聚光面的各个方向上的曲率相同。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括：
滤光层，设置在所述微透镜阵列的上方，或者设置在所述微透镜阵列与所述光学指纹传感器之间，所述滤光层用于透射特定波长范围内的光信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述滤光层设置在所述微透镜阵列上方时，所述滤光层与所述微透镜阵列之间为空气层或者填充有透明胶层。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述透明胶层的四周包围有遮光材料。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述滤光层设置在所述微透镜阵列与所述光学指纹传感器之间时，所述滤光层与所述光学指纹传感器集成在一起。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述微透镜阵列还包括位于所述多个微透镜下方的基底材料，所述基底材料与所述微透镜的材料的折射率相同。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括：
至少一个挡光层，设置在所述微透镜阵列与所述光学指纹传感器的光学感应单元之间，其中每个挡光层包括与所述多个微透镜分别对应的多个开孔，不同挡光层内与相同的微透镜对应的开孔用于将经所述微透镜会聚后的所述倾斜光信号依次引导至所述光学指纹传感器。
在一种可能的实现方式中，不同挡光层内与相同的微透镜对应的开孔的连线的倾斜角度，与所述倾斜光信号的倾斜角度相同。
在一种可能的实现方式中，不同挡光层内与相同的微透镜对应的开孔由上至下孔径依次减小。
在一种可能的实现方式中，每个所述微透镜对应于所述光学指纹传感器的一个光学感应单元，其中，不同挡光层内与相同的微透镜对应的开孔用于将经所述微透镜会聚后的所述倾斜光信号依次引导至所述微透镜对应的光学感应单元。
在一种可能的实现方式中，不同挡光层内与相同的微透镜对应的开孔的 连线，经过所述微透镜对应的光学感应单元的中心区域。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述至少一个挡光层中除最后一个挡光层外的其他挡光层中，相邻挡光层之间通过透明介质层连接。
第二方面，提供了一种终端设备，包括第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的指纹识别的装置。
基于上述技术方案，通过微透镜阵列将手指反射的倾斜光信号引导至光学指纹传感器，一方面，该微透镜阵列中的微透镜为矩形微透镜，相比于圆形透镜具有更好的聚光面积占比，因此能够使光学指纹传感器采集到更多的指纹信息，提高指纹识别性能；另一方面，由于倾斜入射至手指的光信号经所述手指反射后的光强明显提升，因此能够提高指纹谷和脊的对比度，对特殊手指例如干手指具有更好的指纹识别性能。
附图说明
图1A和图1B是本申请可以适用的电子设备的结构示意图。
图2A和图2B是图1A和图1B所示的电子设备沿A-A’方向的剖面示意图。
图3是采用垂直光线进行指纹识别的示意图。
图4是采用倾斜光线进行指纹识别的示意图。
图5是本申请实施例的指纹识别的装置的示意性框图。
图6A是圆形微透镜阵列的示意图。
图6B和图6C是本申请实施例的矩形微透镜阵列的示意图。
图7是图5所示的指纹识别的装置的一种可能的结构示意图。
图8是图5所示的指纹识别的装置的一种可能的结构示意图。
图9是图5所示的指纹识别的装置的一种可能的结构示意图。
图10是图5所示的指纹识别的装置的一种可能的结构示意图。
图11是图5所示的指纹识别的装置的一种可能的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
应理解，本申请实施例可以应用于指纹***，包括但不限于光学、超声波或其他指纹识别***和基于光学、超声波或其他指纹成像的医疗诊断产品， 本申请实施例仅以光学指纹***为例进行说明，但不应对本申请实施例构成任何限定，本申请实施例同样适用于其他采用光学、超声波或其他成像技术的***等。
作为一种常见的应用场景，本申请实施例提供的光学指纹***可以应用在智能手机、平板电脑以及其他具有显示屏的移动终端或者其他电子设备；更具体地，在上述电子设备中，指纹模组可以具体为光学指纹模组，其可以设置在显示屏下方的局部区域或者全部区域，从而形成屏下(Under-display或Under-screen)光学指纹***。或者，所述光学指纹模组也可以部分或者全部集成至所述电子设备的显示屏内部，从而形成屏内(In-display或In-screen)光学指纹***。
光学屏下指纹识别技术使用从设备显示组件的顶面返回的光来进行指纹感应和其他感应操作。该返回的光携带与该顶面接触的物体(例如手指)的信息，通过采集和检测该返回的光，实现位于显示屏下方的特定光学传感器模块。光学传感器模块的设计可以为通过恰当地配置用于采集和检测返回的光的光学元件来实现期望的光学成像。
图1A和图1B示出了本申请实施例可以适用的电子设备的示意图。其中，图1为电子设备10的定向示意图，图2为图1所示的电子设备10沿A-A’方向的部分剖面示意图。
所述电子设备10包括显示屏120和光学指纹模组130。其中，所述光学指纹模组130设置在所述显示屏120下方的局部区域。所述光学指纹模组130包括光学指纹传感器，所述光学指纹传感器包括具有多个光学感应单元131(也可以称为感光像素、像素单元等)的感应阵列133。所述感应阵列133所在区域或者其感应区域为所述光学指纹模组130的指纹检测区域103(也称为指纹采集区域、指纹识别区域等)。如图1所示，所述指纹检测区域103位于所述显示屏120的显示区域之中。在一种替代实施例中，所述光学指纹模组130还可以设置在其他位置，比如所述显示屏120的侧面或者所述电子设备10的边缘非透光区域，并通过光路设计来将来自所述显示屏120的至少部分显示区域的光信号导引到所述光学指纹模组130，从而使得所述指纹检测区域103实际上位于所述显示屏120的显示区域。
应当理解，所述指纹检测区域103的面积可以与所述光学指纹模组130的感应阵列133的面积不同，例如通过例如透镜成像的光路设计、反射式折 叠光路设计或者其他光线汇聚或者反射等光路设计，可以使得所述光学指纹模组130的指纹检测区域103的面积大于所述光学指纹模组130的感应阵列133的面积。在其他替代实现方式中，如果采用例如光线准直方式进行光路引导，所述光学指纹模组130的指纹检测区域103也可以设计成与所述光学指纹模组130的感应阵列的面积基本一致。
因此，使用者在需要对所述电子设备10进行解锁或者其他指纹验证的时候，只需要将手指按压在位于所述显示屏120的指纹检测区域103，便可以实现指纹输入。由于指纹检测可以在屏内实现，因此采用上述结构的电子设备10无需其正面专门预留空间来设置指纹按键(比如Home键)，从而可以采用全面屏方案，即所述显示屏120的显示区域可以基本扩展到整个电子设备10的正面。
作为一种可选的实现方式，如图1所示，所述光学指纹模组130包括光检测部分134和光学组件132。所述光检测部分134包括所述感应阵列133以及与所述感应阵列133电性连接的读取电路及其他辅助电路，其可以在通过半导体工艺制作在一个芯片(Die)上，比如光学成像芯片或者光学指纹传感器。所述感应阵列133具体为光探测器(Photodetector)阵列，其包括多个呈阵列式分布的光探测器，所述光探测器可以作为如上所述的光学感应单元。所述光学组件132可以设置在所述光检测部分134的感应阵列133的上方，其可以具体包括滤光层(Filter)、导光层或光路引导结构、以及其他光学元件，所述滤光层可以用于滤除穿透手指的环境光，而所述导光层或光路引导结构主要用于从手指表面反射回来的反射光导引至所述感应阵列133进行光学检测。
在具体实现上，所述光学组件132可以与所述光检测部分134封装在同一个光学指纹部件。比如，所述光学组件132可以与所述光学检测部分134封装在同一个光学指纹芯片，也可以将所述光学组件132设置在所述光检测部分134所在的芯片外部，比如将所述光学组件132贴合在所述芯片上方，或者将所述光学组件132的部分元件集成在上述芯片之中。
其中，所述光学组件132的导光层或者光路引导结构有多种实现方案，比如，所述导光层可以具体为在半导体硅片制作而成的准直器(Collimator)层，其具有多个准直单元或者微孔阵列，所述准直单元可以具体为小孔，从手指反射回来的反射光中，垂直入射到所述准直单元的光线可以穿过并被其 下方的光学感应单元接收，而入射角度过大的光线在所述准直单元内部经过多次反射被衰减掉，因此每一个光学感应单元基本只能接收到其正上方的指纹纹路反射回来的反射光，从而所述感应阵列133便可以检测出手指的指纹图像。
在另一种实现方式中，所述导光层或者光路引导结构也可以为光学透镜(Lens)层，其具有一个或多个透镜单元，比如一个或多个非球面透镜组成的透镜组，其用于将从手指反射回来的反射光汇聚到其下方的光检测部分134的感应阵列133，以使得所述感应阵列133可以基于所述反射光进行成像，从而得到所述手指的指纹图像。可选地，所述光学透镜层在所述透镜单元的光路中还可以形成有针孔，所述针孔可以配合所述光学透镜层扩大所述光学指纹模组130的视场，以提高所述光学指纹模组130的指纹成像效果。
在其他实现方式中，所述导光层或者光路引导结构也可以具体采用微透镜(Micro-Lens)层，所述微透镜层具有由多个微透镜形成的微透镜阵列，其可以通过半导体生长工艺或者其他工艺形成在所述光检测部分134的感应阵列133上方，并且每一个微透镜可以分别对应于所述感应阵列133的其中一个感应单元。并且，所述微透镜层和所述感应单元之间还可以形成其他光学膜层，比如介质层或者钝化层。更具体地，所述微透镜层和所述感应单元之间还可以包括具有微孔(或称为开孔)的挡光层(或称为遮光层、阻光层等)，其中所述微孔形成在其对应的微透镜和感应单元之间，所述挡光层可以阻挡相邻微透镜和感应单元之间的光学干扰，并使得所述感应单元所对应的光线通过所述微透镜汇聚到所述微孔内部并经由所述微孔传输到所述感应单元以进行光学指纹成像。
应当理解，上述导光层或者光路引导结构的几种实现方案可以单独使用也可以结合使用。比如，可以在所述准直器层或者所述光学透镜层的上方或下方进一步设置微透镜层。当然，在所述准直器层或者所述光学透镜层与所述微透镜层结合使用时，其具体叠层结构或者光路可能需要按照实际需要进行调整。
作为一种可选的实现方式，所述显示屏120可以采用具有自发光显示单元的显示屏，比如有机发光二极管(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，OLED)显示屏或者微型发光二极管(Micro-LED)显示屏。以采用OLED显示屏为例，所述光学指纹模组130可以利用所述OLED显示屏120位于所述指纹检 测区域103的显示单元(即OLED光源)作为光学指纹检测的激励光源。当手指140按压在所述指纹检测区域103时，显示屏120向所述指纹检测区域103上方的目标手指140发出一束光111，该光111在手指140的表面发生反射形成反射光或者经过所述手指140内部散射而形成散射光。在相关专利申请中，为便于描述，上述反射光和散射光统称为反射光。由于指纹的脊(ridge)141与谷(valley)142对于光的反射能力不同，因此，来自指纹脊的反射光151和来自指纹谷的反射光152具有不同的光强，反射光经过光学组件132后，被光学指纹模组130中的感应阵列133所接收并转换为相应的电信号，即指纹检测信号；基于所述指纹检测信号便可以获得指纹图像数据，并且可以进一步进行指纹匹配验证，从而在电子设备10实现光学指纹识别功能。
在其他实现方式中，所述光学指纹模组130也可以采用内置光源或者外置光源来提供用于进行指纹检测的光信号。在这种情况下，所述光学指纹模组130可以适用于非自发光显示屏，比如液晶显示屏或者其他的被动发光显示屏。以应用在具有背光模组和液晶面板的液晶显示屏为例，为支持液晶显示屏的屏下指纹检测，所述电子设备10的光学指纹***还可以包括用于光学指纹检测的激励光源，所述激励光源可以具体为红外光源或者特定波长非可见光的光源，其可以设置在所述液晶显示屏的背光模组下方或者设置在所述电子设备10的保护盖板下方的边缘区域，而所述光学指纹模组130可以设置液晶面板或者保护盖板的边缘区域下方并通过光路引导以使得指纹检测光可以到达所述光学指纹模组130；或者，所述光学指纹模组130也可以设置在所述背光模组下方，且所述背光模组通过对扩散片、增亮片、反射片等膜层进行开孔或者其他光学设计以允许指纹检测光穿过液晶面板和背光模组并到达所述光学指纹模组130。当采用所述光学指纹模组130采用内置光源或者外置光源来提供用于进行指纹检测的光信号时，其检测原理与上面描述内容是一致的。
应当理解的是，在具体实现上，所述电子设备10还包括透明保护盖板，所述盖板可以为玻璃盖板或者蓝宝石盖板，其位于所述显示屏120的上方并覆盖所述电子设备10的正面。因此，本申请实施例中，所谓的手指按压在所述显示屏120实际上是指按压在所述显示屏120上方的盖板或者覆盖所述盖板的保护层表面。
另一方面，在某些实现方式中，所述光学指纹模组130可以仅包括一个光学指纹传感器，此时光学指纹模组130的指纹检测区域103的面积较小且位置固定，因此用户在进行指纹输入时需要将手指按压到所述指纹检测区域103的特定位置，否则光学指纹模组130可能无法采集到指纹图像而造成用户体验不佳。在其他替代实施例中，所述光学指纹模组130可以具体包括多个光学指纹传感器。所述多个光学指纹传感器可以通过拼接方式并排设置在所述显示屏120的下方，且所述多个光学指纹传感器的感应区域共同构成所述光学指纹模组130的指纹检测区域103。从而所述光学指纹模组130的指纹检测区域103可以扩展到所述显示屏的下半部分的主要区域，即扩展到手指惯常按压区域，从而实现盲按式指纹输入操作。进一步地，当所述光学指纹传感器数量足够时，所述指纹检测区域103还可以扩展到半个显示区域甚至整个显示区域，从而实现半屏或者全屏指纹检测。
例如图2A和图2B所示的电子设备10，所述电子设备10中的光学指纹装置130包括多个光学指纹传感器时，所述多个光学指纹传感器可以通过例如拼接等方式并排设置在所述显示屏120的下方，且所述多个光学指纹传感器的感应区域共同构成所述光学指纹装置130的指纹检测区域103。
可选地，与所述光学指纹装置130的多个光学指纹传感器相对应，所述光学组件132中可以有多个光路引导结构，每个光路引导结构分别对应一个光学指纹传感器，并分别贴合设置在其对应的光学指纹传感器的上方。或者，所述多个光学指纹传感器也可以共享一个整体的光路引导结构，即所述光路引导结构具有一个足够大的面积以覆盖所述多个光学指纹传感器的感应阵列。另外，所述光学组件132还可以包括其他光学元件，比如滤光层(Filter)或其他光学膜片，其可以设置在所述光路引导结构和所述光学指纹传感器之间或者设置在所述显示屏120与所述光路引导结构之间，主要用于隔离外界干扰光对光学指纹检测的影响。其中，所述滤光片可以用于滤除穿透手指并经过所述显示屏120进入所述光学指纹传感器的环境光，与所述光路引导结构相类似，所述滤光片可以针对每个光学指纹传感器分别设置以滤除干扰光，或者也可以采用一个大面积的滤光片同时覆盖所述多个光学指纹传感器。
所述光路调制器也可以采用光学镜头(Lens)来代替，所述光学镜头上方可以通过遮光材料形成小孔配合所述光学镜头将指纹检测光汇聚到下方的光学指纹传感器以实现指纹成像。相类似地，每一个光学指纹传感器可以 分别配置一个光学镜头以进行指纹成像，或者，所述多个光学指纹传感器也可以利用同一个光学镜头来实现光线汇聚和指纹成像。在其他替代实施例中，每一个光学指纹传感器甚至还可以具有两个感应阵列(Dual Array)或者多个感应阵列(Multi-Array)，且同时配置两个或多个光学镜头配合所述两个或多个感应阵列进行光学成像，从而减小成像距离并增强成像效果。
以上所示的指纹传感器的数量、尺寸和排布情况仅为示例，可以根据实际需求进行调整。例如，该多个指纹传感器的个数可以为2个，3个，4个或5个等，该多个指纹传感器可以呈方形或圆形分布等。
本申请实施例可以应用于各类手指的检测，尤其能够适用于干手指的检测。所谓的干手指，指的是比较干燥的手指或者较为干净的手指。目前采用垂直光线进行指纹识别的方案对干手指的指纹识别效果欠佳，而本申请实施例采用倾斜光信号进行指纹识别的方案能够显著提升对干手指的指纹识别性能。下面结合图3和图4进行说明。
图3和图4示出了OLED显示屏120以及显示屏120上方的盖板121，手指位于盖板121的上方。
图3为采用垂直光线进行指纹识别的示意图。如图3的左侧所示，正常手指与显示屏接触时，指纹的脊与显示屏之间是直接接触的，脊的位置处形成暗纹，谷的位置处形成亮纹。如图3的右侧所示，当干手指与显示屏接触时，指纹的脊与显示屏之间存在空气间隙310，这就导致干手指的脊相比于正常手指的脊的位置处能够形成“稍亮”的条纹，而谷的位置处的亮暗不变，从而使指纹的谷和脊的对比度降低，影响了指纹识别的性能。
本申请实施例采用倾斜光进行指纹识别，图4为采用倾斜光线进行指纹识别的示意图。如图4的左侧所示，正常手指与显示屏接触时，指纹的脊与显示屏之间直接接触，脊的位置处形成暗纹，谷的位置处形成亮纹。根据菲涅尔反射原理，垂直光线的反射率很低，在手指与显示屏的接触界面的反射率一般在4％以下。而采用倾斜光线进行指纹识别时，该反射率可以明显提高。如图4的右侧所示，当干手指与显示屏接触时，指纹的脊与显示屏之间存在空气间隙310。由于谷的相对折射率高于脊的相对折射率，因此倾斜光线照射手指时，虽然指纹的谷和脊反射的光线的强度均有提升，但是谷反射的光线的强度提升的更多。这样，谷和脊的对比度就会提升，从而提高了指纹识别的性能。当倾斜入射的倾斜光信号的倾斜角度在10°至50°之间时， 谷和脊的对比度即谷的强度与脊的强度的比值可以提升50％至300％。
本申请实施例的指纹识别的激励光源可以为OLED等自发光显示屏的发光单元，每个发光单元可以向各个方向发出光线，本申请实施例采用其中位于倾斜方向上的光线进行指纹识别。但是本申请并不限于此，也可以设置独立的光源用于指纹识别，这时，该方案也可以应用于非自发光显示屏。
当采用OLED屏的发光单元作为激励光源进行指纹识别时，指纹信号的提升受限于OLED屏所能提供的最大亮度，为了打破该瓶颈，需要提升对手指的反射光的利用率。因此，本申请实施例中采用矩形微透镜，或称为方形透镜来替代传统的圆形微透镜，从而能够获得更高的聚光面积占比，通常可以达到98％以上。
以下，结合图5至图11，详细介绍本申请实施例的指纹识别的装置。
图5是本申请实施例的指纹识别的装置500的示意图。指纹识别的装置500应用在具有显示屏的电子设备中，其中，该装置500包括：
微透镜阵列510，用于设置在所述显示屏与光学指纹传感器520之间，所述微透镜阵列包括多个微透镜，所述微透镜用于对所述显示屏上方的手指反射的倾斜光信号进行会聚，所述微透镜的聚光面在与其光轴垂直的平面上的投影为矩形；
至少一个挡光层550，设置在微透镜阵列510与光学指纹传感器520的光学感应单元之间，其中每个挡光层包括与该多个微透镜分别对应的多个开孔，经每个微透镜会聚后的该倾斜光信号穿过不同挡光层内与该微透镜对应的开孔，到达光学指纹传感器520的光学感应单元；
光学指纹传感器520，用于检测所述倾斜光信号。
以下，也将投影为矩形的该微透镜称为矩形微透镜。
一方面，该微透镜阵列中的微透镜为矩形微透镜，相比于圆形透镜具有更好的聚光面积占比，因此能够使光学指纹传感器采集到更多的指纹信息，提高指纹识别性能；另一方面，由于倾斜入射至手指的光信号经所述手指反射后的光强明显提升，因此能够提高指纹谷和脊的对比度，对特殊手指例如干手指具有更好的指纹识别性能。
可选地，至少一个挡光层550中的最后一个挡光层集成在光学指纹传感器520中。
该实施例中，将该最后一层挡光层集成在光学指纹传感器520中，可以 保证指纹识别的可靠性，使得手指反射的该倾斜光信号有效地传输至光学指纹传感器的光学感应单元，在对光信号进行引导的同时，对杂光进行了阻挡，提高了指纹识别的性能。
其中，该最后一个挡光层集成在光学指纹传感器520中时，该最后一个挡光层内的每个开孔例如可以位于光学指纹传感器520的一个光学感应单元的中心区域的上方，从而使得该倾斜光信号可以被该光学感应单元进行最有效的接收，保证了较优的光电转换效率。
图6A为传统的圆形微透镜组成的微透镜阵列的俯视图，可以看出，相邻微透镜610之间存在间隙620，经手指反射并进入间隙620的光信号是无法被光学指纹传感器520采集到的，尽管这一部分光信号也携带指纹信息，但是却没有被利用上。
图6B和图6C分别为本申请实施例的矩形微透镜组成的微透镜阵列的俯视图和侧视图。图6所示的微透镜511在其正下方的投影为正方形，也称为正方形微透镜511。可以看出，通过紧密排布这些矩形微透镜511，相邻微透镜511之间并不存在间隙，因此能够获得更高的聚光面积占比，获得更多的指纹信息，从而提高指纹识别的性能。
其中，该微透镜的聚光面为用于对光线起会聚作用的面。本申请实施例对该聚光面的面型不做任何限定，例如可以是球面也可以是非球面。优选地，该聚光面在各个方向上的曲率相同，这样可以使该微透镜的各个方向的成像焦点在同一位置，从而保证成像质量。
应理解，本申请实施例中的该微透镜阵列510中的每个微透镜还可以具有两个聚光面，两个聚光面的投影面积均为矩形，两个聚光面对称，形成类似于凸透镜的形状，从而实现对光线更好的会聚效果。
并且，本申请实施例的微透镜阵列510中的微透镜除了可以是矩形微透镜，也可以是其它多边形的微透镜，即其正向投影为多边形，例如为六边形等。这些微透镜只要紧密拼接在一起后能够消除在或者减小上述的间隙620即可。
可选地，微透镜阵列510还包括位于所述多个微透镜下方的基底材料，基底材料512与该微透镜的材料的折射率相同，从而减少折射率突变导致的光线损失。
可选地，该装置500还包括滤光层530，其中，滤光层530设置在微透 镜阵列510的上方，或者设置在微透镜阵列510与所学指纹传感器520之间，滤光层530用于透射特定波长范围内的光信号。
例如，滤光层530设置在微透镜阵列510上方时，滤光层530与微透镜阵列510之间为空气531，或者填充有透明胶层532。
该透明胶层532例如可以是光学透明胶粘剂(Optically Clear Adhesive，OCA)、透明胶水或透明胶膜等。
该微透镜阵列510的四周可以包围有遮光材料534，例如使用黑色泡棉进行遮光处理，从而防止微透镜阵列510周围的杂光进入微透镜阵列510从而影响指纹识别性能。
又例如，滤光层530设置在微透镜阵列510与光学指纹传感器520之间时，滤光层510与光学指纹传感器520集成在一起。
本申请实施例对滤光层510与光学指纹传感器520集成的方式不做限定，例如可以采用蒸镀工艺在光学指纹传感器520的光学感应单元上进行镀膜形成所述滤光层530，比如通过原子层沉积、溅射镀膜、电子束蒸发镀膜、离子束镀膜等方法在光学指纹传感器520的光学感应单元上方制备一层滤光材料薄膜。优选地，该滤光层530的厚度可以小于等于20μm。
以图7至图9为例，示出了微透镜阵列510、光学指纹传感器520和滤光层530。光学指纹传感器520中包括多个感光单元和位于该多个感应单元上方的挡光层551。挡光层551上包括多个开孔例如开孔5511，每个开孔对应于一个光学感应单元，例如开孔5511对应于光学感应单元521，该开孔5511用于使预定角度的倾斜光信号到达该开孔5511对应的光学感应单元521并阻挡其他方向的光线对该倾斜光信号造成影响。微透镜阵列510由多个微透镜组成，位于微透镜阵列510下方的基底材料512的折射率例如可以等于微透镜的折射率，从而减少折射率突变导致的光线损失。
例如图7所示，滤光层530可以设置在微透镜阵列510上方，并且与微透镜阵列510之间存在空气间隙531。微透镜阵列510的四周设置有遮光材料540。
例如图8所示，滤光层530可以设置在微透镜阵列510上方，并且与微透镜阵列510之间存在透明胶层532。透明胶层532可以采用低折射率光学胶。透明胶层532的四周设置有遮光材料540。
例如图9所示，滤光层530与光学指纹传感器520集成在一起，滤光层 530位于光学指纹传感器520的光学感应单元521的上方，以使满足波长条件的光线能够到达光学感应单元521，而不满足波长条件的光线被过滤掉。
上述的滤光层530例如可以过滤红外波段的光线，而透过可见光波段的光线。
图7至图9所示的滤光层530的三种实现方式中，滤光层530与光学指纹传感器520集成在一起能够更好地保证指纹识别的可靠性，但本申请对该滤光层530的位置和类型不做任何限制。
本申请采用倾斜光信号进行指纹识别，以图7至图9为例，以角度i进入微透镜511的光线能够被该微透镜511会聚，并经过开孔5511到达光学感应单元521。而其余角度的光线会被挡光层551阻挡。相比于垂直的反射光，该倾斜光线的光强有了明显提升，并且在指纹谷处的反射光比指纹脊处的反射光的光强提升的更多，这就使得指纹的谷和脊的对比度增加，提高了指纹识别的性能。
每个挡光层内的开孔，除了实现光路引导，还可以有效地防止光线串扰，阻挡杂光，使得只有满足上述预设角度i的光线才能够经过挡光层达到光学指纹传感器520。
本申请实施例对挡光层的数量不做限定。挡光层的数量太多会增加指纹识别装置的厚度和复杂度，而挡光层的数量太少会带来较多的干扰光，影响成像效果。在实际使用时，可以根据需求设置合理数量的挡光层。
例如，图7至图9所示为只存在一个挡光层即挡光层551的情况。
又例如，图10所示为存在两个挡光层的情况。图10在图9的基础上增加了挡光层552，并且在挡光层552与滤光层530之间填充有透明介质层561。图10中的其他相关部件可以参考图9的描述。
又例如，图11所示为存在三个挡光层的情况。图11在图9的基础上增加了挡光层552和挡光层553，并且在挡光层552与挡光层553之间填充有透明介质层561，在挡光层553与滤光层530之间填充有透明介质层562。图11中的其他相关部件可以参考图9的描述。
进一步地，可选地，不同挡光层内与相同的微透镜对应的开孔的连线的倾斜角度，与该倾斜光信号的倾斜角度相同。
由于倾斜入射至手指的光线经手指反射后仍为倾斜光线，为了对手指反射的倾斜光线进行传输，本申请实施例中采用了倾斜光路。因此，与同一微 透镜对应的位于不同挡光层内的开孔之间应当具有横向偏移，并且位于不同挡光层内的这些开孔的连线应当经过对应的光学感应单元，这样才能够使该倾斜光信号能够达到该光学感应单元。
其中，对应于相同的微透镜且分别位于相邻两个挡光层内的两个开孔之间的横向间距可以相等或者不相等。
并且，相邻两个挡光层之间的垂直距离也可以相等或者不相等。
例如，当相邻两个挡光层之间的垂直距离相等时，相邻两个挡光层内与同一微透镜对应的开孔之间的横向间距也相等。
可选地，每个微透镜对应于光学指纹传感器520的一个光学感应单元，其中，不同挡光层内与相同的微透镜对应的开孔用于将经该微透镜会聚后的该倾斜光信号依次引导至该微透镜对应的光学感应单元。
进一步地，可选地，不同挡光层内与相同的微透镜对应的开孔的连线，经过该微透镜对应的光学感应单元的中心区域。
例如，最后一个挡光层的开孔可以设置在其对应的光学感应单元的中心的上方，以保证倾斜光信号能够到达光学感应单元的中心区域，从而达到较优的光电转换效率。
举例来说，如图11所示，以角度i到达微透镜511的光线依次经过挡光层552内的开孔5521、挡光层553内的开孔5531、以及光学指纹传感器520自带的挡光层551内的开孔5511，并最终到达光学感应单元521。其中，开孔5531相对于开孔5521向左偏移了一定距离，开孔5511相对于开孔5531再向左偏移了一定距离，并且，开孔5521、开孔5531以及开孔5511的中心连线能够经过相应的光学感应单元521，这样才能够实现对倾斜光线的引导。
由于微透镜对光线具有会聚作用，因此越往下传输，被汇聚形成的光束的角度越窄。因此，可选地，不同挡光层内与相同的微透镜对应的开孔由上至下孔径依次减小，从而到达光学指纹传感器520的光束为窄光束，实现对光线的窄角度接收，在保证准直度的同时还可以有效衰减不需要的光线，进一步提高光学指纹传感器520采集到的光学指纹图像的清晰度。例如图11所示，对应于相同微透镜511的开孔5521、开孔5531以及开孔5511的孔径依次减小。
在图10和图11中，倾斜光信号到达的最后一个挡光层集成在该光学指纹传感器520中，从而保证指纹识别的可靠性，其余挡光层中的相邻挡光层 之间可以通过透明介质层连接。例如，在图11中，挡光层551集成在光学指纹传感器520中，挡光层552和挡光层553之间通过透明介质层561连接，挡光层553与滤光层530之间通过透明介质层562连接。优选地，该透明介质层561和透明介质层562的折射率可以与微透镜阵列510的基底材料512的折射率相同，并且与微透镜阵列510的折射率相同，从而减少折射率突变导致的光线损失。
但本申请实施并不限于此，也可以使用其他方式对挡光层进行连接和固定。例如，通过支架等机械结构来固定挡光层，或者通过透明胶水或胶膜等将多个挡光层粘贴在一起。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括上述本申请各种实施例中的指纹识别的装置。
可选地，该电子设备还包括显示屏，该显示屏可以为普通的非折叠显示屏，该显示屏也可以为可折叠显示屏，或称为柔性显示屏。
作为示例而非限定，本申请实施例中的电子设备可以为终端设备、手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、台式机电脑、游戏设备、车载电子设备或穿戴式智能设备等便携式或移动计算设备，以及电子数据库、汽车、银行自动柜员机(Automated Teller Machine，ATM)等其他电子设备。该穿戴式智能设备包括功能全、尺寸大、可不依赖智能手机实现完整或部分的功能，例如：智能手表或智能眼镜等，以及只专注于某一类应用功能，需要和其它设备如智能手机配合使用，如各类进行体征监测的智能手环、智能首饰等设备。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的前提下，本申请描述的各个实施例和/或各个实施例中的技术特征可以任意的相互组合，组合之后得到的技术方案也应落入本申请的保护范围。
应理解，本申请实施例中的具体的例子只是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本申请实施例，而非限制本申请实施例的范围，本领域技术人员可以在上述实施例的基础上进行各种改进和变形，而这些改进或者变形均落在本申请的保护范围内。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种指纹识别的装置，应用在具有显示屏的电子设备中，其特征在于，包括：
    微透镜阵列，用于设置在所述显示屏与光学指纹传感器之间，所述微透镜阵列包括多个微透镜，所述微透镜用于对所述显示屏上方的手指反射的倾斜光信号进行会聚，其中，所述微透镜的聚光面在与其光轴垂直的平面上的投影为矩形；
    至少一个挡光层，设置在所述微透镜阵列与所述光学指纹传感器的光学感应单元之间，其中每个挡光层包括与所述多个微透镜分别对应的多个开孔，经每个微透镜会聚后的所述倾斜光信号穿过不同挡光层内与所述微透镜对应的开孔，到达所述光学指纹传感器的光学感应单元；
    所述光学指纹传感器，用于检测所述倾斜光信号，其中，所述至少一个挡光层中的最后一个挡光层集成在所述光学指纹传感器中。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述倾斜光信号的倾斜角度在10°至50°之间。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述聚光面为球面或非球面。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述聚光面的各个方向上的曲率相同。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述微透镜为矩形微透镜。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    滤光层，设置在所述微透镜阵列的上方，或者设置在所述微透镜阵列与所述光学指纹传感器之间，所述滤光层用于透射特定波长范围内的光信号。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，所述滤光层设置在所述微透镜阵列上方时，所述滤光层与所述微透镜阵列之间为空气层或者填充有透明胶层。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，所述透明胶层的四周包围有遮光材料。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，所述滤光层设置在所述 微透镜阵列与所述光学指纹传感器之间时，所述滤光层与所述光学指纹传感器集成在一起。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述微透镜阵列还包括位于所述多个微透镜下方的基底材料，所述基底材料与所述微透镜的材料的折射率相同。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，不同挡光层内与相同的微透镜对应的开孔的连线的倾斜角度，与所述倾斜光信号的倾斜角度相同。
  12. 根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，不同挡光层内与相同的微透镜对应的开孔由上至下孔径依次减小。
  13. 根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，每个所述微透镜对应于所述光学指纹传感器的一个光学感应单元，其中，不同挡光层内与相同的微透镜对应的开孔用于将经所述微透镜会聚后的所述倾斜光信号依次引导至所述微透镜对应的光学感应单元。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，不同挡光层内与相同的微透镜对应的开孔的连线，经过所述微透镜对应的光学感应单元的中心区域。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述至少一个挡光层中除最后一个挡光层外的其他挡光层中，相邻挡光层之间通过透明介质层连接。
  16. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备包括根据权利要求1至15中任一项所述的指纹识别的装置。
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