WO2020133984A1 - 货物装载装置 - Google Patents

货物装载装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020133984A1
WO2020133984A1 PCT/CN2019/093235 CN2019093235W WO2020133984A1 WO 2020133984 A1 WO2020133984 A1 WO 2020133984A1 CN 2019093235 W CN2019093235 W CN 2019093235W WO 2020133984 A1 WO2020133984 A1 WO 2020133984A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
baffle
cargo
cargo support
base
frame base
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/093235
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李祝
董志刚
孙勇生
Original Assignee
北京睿力恒一物流技术股份公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 北京睿力恒一物流技术股份公司 filed Critical 北京睿力恒一物流技术股份公司
Priority to RU2020132697A priority Critical patent/RU2756738C1/ru
Publication of WO2020133984A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020133984A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D19/38—Details or accessories
    • B65D19/44—Elements or devices for locating articles on platforms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/02—Large containers rigid
    • B65D88/12—Large containers rigid specially adapted for transport
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/004—Contents retaining means
    • B65D90/0073—Storage racks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00736—Details
    • B65D2519/0081—Elements or devices for locating articles
    • B65D2519/00815—Elements or devices for locating articles on the pallet

Definitions

  • This application relates to cargo transportation technology, and more specifically, to a cargo loading device.
  • Railway gondola is one of the types of railway freight cars.
  • the side plates on both sides can be opened to facilitate the loading and unloading of goods. It is mainly used to transport bulk goods such as mine construction materials, wood and steel, and can also be used to transport machinery and equipment.
  • the present application provides a cargo loading device to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the cargo is easily displaced during cargo transportation and the space of the cargo support structure is large.
  • a cargo loading device which includes a rack base, a baffle, and a first cargo support; the baffle is provided at an end of the rack base, the The first cargo support and the baffle form a cargo support channel; the side of the first cargo support facing the baffle is at least partially inclined relative to the base of the rack body, and the first cargo support faces away from The side of the baffle is perpendicular to the base of the rack, and the distance between the bottom of the first cargo support and the baffle is smaller than the distance between the top of the first cargo support and the baffle.
  • first cargo support is slidably disposed on the base of the rack body, and the sliding direction of the first cargo support is perpendicular to the length direction of the first cargo support.
  • the baffle is slidably disposed on the base of the rack body, and the sliding direction of the baffle is perpendicular to the length direction of the baffle.
  • the first cargo support includes a first upper beam, a first lower beam and a first cushion; the plate surface of the first lower beam facing the baffle is inclined relative to the base of the frame, the One end of the first buffer member is connected to the lower beam, and the other end of the first buffer member is connected to the first upper beam.
  • the first cargo support further includes a first reinforcing rib; the bottom of the first reinforcing rib abuts on the upper side of the base of the frame, and the side of the first reinforcing rib abuts the first The lower cross member and/or the first cushion.
  • a first guide rail is provided on the upper side of the base of the rack body, a first slide track is provided on the bottom of the first reinforcing rib, and the first slide slide is provided on the upper side of the first guide rail;
  • the body base is further provided with at least one first groove, the length direction of the first groove is parallel to the first guide rail, and the first reinforcing rib is fixed to the frame body base through a first connecting member, And the first connecting piece passes through the first groove.
  • a baffle rail is further provided on the base of the rack body, a baffle slide is provided at the bottom of the baffle, and the upper end of the baffle rail is located in the baffle slide; the base of the rack body
  • a baffle chute is also arranged on the baffle, the baffle is fixed on the base of the rack body through a baffle connection piece, and the baffle connection piece passes through the baffle chute.
  • the second cargo support is located on a side of the first cargo support away from the baffle, the second cargo support includes a second lower crossbeam, and the second lower crossbeam The side facing away from the first cargo support is inclined relative to the base of the rack body.
  • a plurality of pairs of diagonal pieces are provided on the base of the rack body, and two corner pieces of any pair of the angular pieces are distributed along the length direction of the first cargo support on the first cargo support On both sides, the plurality of diagonal pieces are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the first cargo support.
  • a cargo support channel is formed between the baffle and the first cargo support with at least one side inclined relative to the frame base, and a side of the first cargo support Perpendicular to the base of the rack body, the cargo is not easily displaced, can enhance the applicability of the cargo support channel to different convoluted cargoes and the stability of the cargo support, and reduce the space occupation; Sliding on the base of the rack body to enhance the flexibility of cargo loading adjustment of the cargo loading device; by providing a second cargo support, it is convenient to enhance the cargo loading capacity.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cargo loading device according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view when two cargo loading devices of an embodiment of the present application are spliced
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a cargo loading device, including a frame base 12, a baffle 1 and a first cargo support; the barrier 1 is provided at an end of the frame base 12, and the first cargo support is The baffle 1 forms a cargo support channel; the side of the first cargo support facing the baffle 1 is at least partially inclined relative to the frame base 12, the side of the first cargo support facing away from the baffle 1 is perpendicular to the frame base 12, and The distance between the bottom of the first cargo support and the baffle 1 is smaller than the distance between the top of the first cargo support and the baffle 1.
  • the frame base 12 of the cargo loading device may be a flat plate structure, a frame structure or other support structure, as long as it is convenient to fix or provide a corresponding structure on the frame base 12.
  • the frame base 12 is generally arranged in a horizontal state, that is, the frame base 12 is arranged parallel to the ground.
  • the structure in which the frame base 12 is arranged in a horizontal state is taken as an example for description.
  • the frame base 12 is arranged parallel to the ground.
  • a first cargo support is provided side by side with the baffle 1.
  • the side of the baffle 1 facing the first cargo support may be arranged perpendicular to the frame base 12 or inclined relative to the frame base 12; the side of the baffle 1 facing away from the first cargo support may also be perpendicular to the frame base 12.
  • a connecting plate 2 can also be provided on one side of the baffle plate 1 to facilitate the connection between the cargo loading devices.
  • the baffle 1 may be provided at both ends of the base 12 of the rack body, or the baffle 1 may be provided at only one end.
  • the length direction of the baffle 1 can be set perpendicular to the length direction of the frame base 12 or parallel to the length direction of the frame base 12; usually the length direction of the baffle 1 is perpendicular to the length direction of the frame base 12, That is, the baffle 1 is provided at both ends or one end of the frame base 12 along the longitudinal direction of the frame base 12.
  • the structure in which the longitudinal direction of the baffle 1 is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the frame base 12 is taken as an example for description.
  • the first cargo support is at least partially inclined relative to the frame base 12, and a side of the first cargo support facing away from the baffle 1 is perpendicular to the frame base 12.
  • a side of the first cargo support facing away from the baffle 1 is perpendicular to the frame base 12.
  • only the lower half of the first cargo support may be inclined relative to the frame base 12, or the entire first cargo support may be inclined relative to the frame base 12.
  • the distance between the bottom of the first cargo support and the baffle 1 is smaller than the distance between the top of the first cargo support and the baffle 1, so that the bottom of the first cargo support is inclined in the direction of the baffle 1 to facilitate storage of the cargo .
  • the interval between the first cargo supports and the baffle 1 arranged side by side constitutes a cargo support channel for storing cylindrical shaped cargo.
  • Cylinder-shaped cargo is placed in the cargo support channel; at least one side of the cargo support channel is a slope structure, which makes the cargo difficult to move, and can expand the scope of application of the cylindrical shape cargo volume diameter; at the same time, the side of the first cargo support It is an inclined surface and the other side is a vertical surface, which can enhance the stability of the placement of the cylindrical-shaped cargo, reduce the space occupation, make the structure more compact, and facilitate the reduction of the volume of the cargo loading device.
  • the first cargo support is slidably disposed on the frame base 12, and the sliding direction of the first cargo support is perpendicular to the length direction of the first cargo support. Based on the above-mentioned embodiment, this embodiment specifically describes the structure in which the first cargo support is connected to the frame base 12.
  • the length direction of the baffle 1 When the length direction of the baffle 1 is perpendicular to the length direction of the frame base 12, the length direction of the baffle 1 and the first cargo support are both perpendicular to the length direction of the frame base 12, and parallel to the width direction of the frame base 12 .
  • the sliding direction of the first cargo support is perpendicular to the length direction of the first cargo support, then when the first cargo support slides, it moves toward or away from the baffle 1 to adjust the width of the cargo support channel and adapt to different roll diameters Storage of goods.
  • the width of the cargo support channel By adjusting the width of the cargo support channel, the applicability of the cargo loading device for loading cargo can be further enhanced.
  • the baffle 1 is slidably disposed on the frame base 12, and the sliding direction of the baffle 1 is perpendicular to the length direction of the baffle 1. Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment specifically describes the structure in which the baffle 1 is connected to the frame base 12.
  • both the baffle 1 and the first cargo support may be able to slide relative to the frame base 12, or only one of them may be able to slide relative to the frame base 12.
  • the baffle 1 can move toward or away from the first cargo support, and the cargo support can also be adjusted The purpose of the channel width.
  • the first cargo support can move toward or away from the baffle 1 and can also be adjusted The purpose of the cargo support channel width.
  • both the baffle 1 and the first cargo support can slide relative to the frame base 12, not only can the purpose of adjusting the width of the cargo support channel be adjusted, but also the position of the cargo support channel along the length direction of the frame base 12 can be adjusted .
  • the cargo support channel may be located at the end of the frame base 12 near the end of the baffle 1, or may be located closer to the middle of the frame base 12.
  • the first cargo support includes a first upper beam 14, a first lower beam 15 and a first cushion 6; the first lower beam 15 faces the plate surface of the baffle 1 inclined relative to the frame base 12 One end of the first cushioning member 6 is connected to the lower beam, and the other end of the first cushioning member 6 is connected to the first upper beam 14. Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment specifically describes the structure of the first cargo support.
  • the side surface of the first lower beam 15 facing the baffle 1 is inclined relative to the frame base 12, and the side of the first upper beam 14 facing the baffle 1 may be inclined relative to the frame base 12 or may be opposite to the frame base 12 vertical.
  • the distance between the first upper beam 14 and the baffle plate 1 is preferably greater than the distance between the first lower beam 15 and the baffle plate 1.
  • a first cushion 6 is provided between the first upper beam 14 and the first lower beam 15; one end of the first cushion 6 is connected to the first upper beam 14 and the other end is connected to the first lower beam 15.
  • first cushioning members 6 There may be one or more first cushioning members 6.
  • the plurality of first buffer members 6 are arranged along the length direction of the first cargo support.
  • the side surface of the first buffer member 6 facing the baffle plate 1 preferably protrudes from the plate surface of the first lower beam 15 facing the baffle plate 1, or faces the plate surface of the first lower beam 15 facing the baffle plate 1 and the first upper beam 14
  • the side of the baffle 1 is flush.
  • the first cushion 6 may be a rubber pad or other members with a certain elasticity.
  • the first cargo support further includes a first reinforcement rib 5; the bottom of the first reinforcement rib 5 abuts the upper side of the frame base 12, and the side of the first reinforcement rib 5 abuts the first lower Transverse beam 15 and/or first cushion 6. Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment specifically describes the structure of the first cargo support.
  • the first reinforcing rib 5 is disposed on the side of the first cargo support that faces away from the baffle 1.
  • the bottom of the first reinforcing rib 5 is disposed on the upper side of the frame base 12.
  • the side of the first reinforcing rib 5 is preferably in contact with both the first lower crossbeam 15 and the first buffer 6 and fixedly connected together.
  • the first cushioning members 6 correspond to the first reinforcing ribs 5 in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the first lower cross member 15 is in contact with a first cushion 6.
  • the first reinforcing rib 5 is preferably close to the first cargo
  • the first buffer 6 in the middle of the bracket abuts and also abuts the first lower cross member 15.
  • the side of the first reinforcing rib 5 may adopt a slope to facilitate the fixed connection with the first lower beam 15 and/or the first buffer 6.
  • the top of the first reinforcement rib 5 may be in contact with the first upper beam 14 or may not be in contact, preferably the first reinforcement rib 5 and the first upper beam 14 are also in abutment state, which can further enhance the load of the first cargo support The stability of the goods.
  • a first guide rail is provided on the upper side of the frame base 12, a first slide path is provided on the bottom of the first reinforcing rib 5, and the first slide path is slidingly provided on the upper side of the first guide rail; the frame base 12 At least one first groove is also provided on the top, the length direction of the first groove is parallel to the first guide rail, the first reinforcing rib 5 is fixed on the frame base 12 through the first connecting member, and the first connecting member is formed by the first Pass through the groove.
  • this embodiment specifically describes the structure in which the first cargo support slides relative to the frame base 12.
  • the first cargo support is slidably disposed relative to the frame base 12 by sliding the first upper beam 14 and the first lower beam 15 and the side plates located on both sides of the frame base 12 to achieve this;
  • the first side plate 8 and the second side plate 13 are located on opposite sides of the frame base 12 and are both perpendicular to the baffle 1.
  • the first guide rail and the first slide rail are correspondingly provided, and the first guide rail and the first slide rail are parallel to each other, and the length directions of the first guide rail and the first slide rail are perpendicular to the first The length direction of the cargo support.
  • the first guide rail and the first slideway cooperate with each other, so that the first cargo support can slide relative to the frame base 12.
  • the first groove is arranged on the side of the first guide rail.
  • two first grooves are provided, and the two first grooves are respectively located on both sides of the first guide rail.
  • at least two first connectors are correspondingly provided.
  • One end of at least one first connecting member is fixed to the side of the first reinforcing rib 5 and the other end passes through the first groove; one end of at least one first connecting member is fixed to the other side of the first reinforcing rib 5, And pass through another first groove.
  • the first connector When the first cargo support slides along the first rail, the first connector also slides in the first groove; when it slides to a predetermined position, the first connector is fixed on the frame base 12 to fix the first The position of the cargo support to adjust the width of the cargo support channel.
  • the connecting piece When the connecting piece is fixedly connected to the frame base 12, a conventional method may be used.
  • the first connecting piece adopts a screw, and the first groove penetrates the frame base 12, and after sliding to a predetermined position, the other end of the first connecting piece protrudes It can be fastened on the lower bottom surface of the frame base 12 with fastening bolts, so that the first reinforcing rib is fixed on the upper side of the frame base 12.
  • the frame base 12 is also provided with a baffle rail, the bottom of the baffle 1 is provided with a baffle slide, and the upper end of the baffle rail is located in the baffle slide; the frame base 12 is also A baffle chute is provided, and the baffle 1 is fixed on the frame base 12 via a baffle connector, and the baffle connector passes through the baffle chute.
  • this embodiment specifically describes the structure in which the baffle 1 slides relative to the frame base 12.
  • the baffle 1 is slidably disposed relative to the frame base 12 by sliding the baffle 1 and the side plates located on both sides of the frame base 12 to achieve; wherein, the side plates and the baffle 1 are mutually Vertical setting.
  • a baffle rail and a baffle slide are correspondingly provided, and the baffle rail and the baffle slide are parallel to each other, and the length directions of the baffle rail and the baffle slide are perpendicular to the baffle 1 The length direction.
  • the baffle rail and the baffle slideway cooperate with each other, so that the baffle 1 can slide relative to the frame base 12.
  • the baffle reinforcement rib 3 may also be provided on the side of the baffle 1 facing away from the first cargo support.
  • the baffle chute is arranged on the side of the baffle rail.
  • two baffle chute are provided, and the two baffle chute are located on both sides of the baffle rail respectively.
  • at least two baffle connectors are correspondingly provided. One end of the at least one baffle connector is fixed to the side of the baffle 1 and the other end is passed through the baffle chute; one end of the at least one baffle connector is fixed to the side of the baffle 1 and the other block Pass through the board chute.
  • the baffle connector When the baffle 1 slides along the baffle guide rail, the baffle connector also slides in the baffle chute; when it slides to a predetermined position, the baffle connector is fixed on the frame base 12 to fix the baffle 1 Position, so as to adjust the width of the cargo support channel.
  • the baffle connecting piece is fixedly connected to the frame base 12 in a conventional manner.
  • the baffle connecting piece uses a screw, and the baffle chute penetrates the frame base 12. After sliding to a predetermined position, the other end of the baffle connecting piece It can protrude from the bottom of the frame base 12 and be fastened with fastening bolts to fix the baffle 1 on the upper side of the frame base 12.
  • it may also be a structure in which a slide rail is correspondingly provided at the bottom of the baffle reinforcement rib, and a connecting member is correspondingly provided on the side of the baffle reinforcement rib.
  • the second cargo support is located on the side of the first cargo support away from the baffle 1, the second cargo support includes a second lower cross beam 9, and the second lower cross beam 9 faces away
  • the side of the first cargo support is inclined relative to the frame base 12.
  • the second cargo support is disposed on the side of the first cargo support and is located on the side away from the baffle 1, and the second cargo support and the baffle 1 are located at opposite ends of the frame base 12.
  • the second cargo support and the first cargo support may have the same structure, or they may have different structures; preferably, the two structures have the same structure.
  • the second cargo support includes a second upper beam 11 and a second lower beam 9. The side of the second lower cross beam 9 facing away from the first cargo support is inclined relative to the frame base 12; the side of the second cargo support facing the first cargo support is perpendicular to the frame base 12.
  • a second buffer member is provided between the second upper cross member 11 and the second lower cross member 9.
  • One end of the second buffer member is connected to the second upper beam 11, and the other end of the second buffer member is connected to the second lower beam 9.
  • a plurality of second cushions are arranged along the length of the second cargo support.
  • the side of the second cushioning member facing away from the first cargo support preferably protrudes from the side of the second lower crossbeam 9 facing away from the first cargo support, or the side of the second lower crossbeam 9 facing away from the first cargo support and the second upper side
  • the side of the crossbeam 11 facing away from the first cargo support is flush.
  • the second buffer member may be a rubber pad or other member with a certain elasticity.
  • a second reinforcing rib 10 is provided on the side of the second cargo support that faces the first cargo support.
  • the side of the second reinforcing rib 10 preferably contacts both the second lower cross member 9 and the second cushion.
  • the second cushion members and the second reinforcement ribs 10 correspond to each other, and any second reinforcement rib 10 corresponds to the second
  • the lower cross member 9 is in contact with a second cushion.
  • the second reinforcement rib 10 is preferably close to the middle of the second cargo support
  • the second buffer member abuts and also abuts the second lower cross member 9.
  • the top of the second reinforcing rib 10 may be in contact with the second upper beam 11 or may not be in contact, preferably the second reinforcing rib 10 and the second upper beam 11 are also in abutting state, which can further enhance the load of the second cargo support The stability of the goods.
  • a second cargo support is provided at the other end opposite to the baffle 1.
  • the two cargo loading devices are arranged perpendicular to the length of the second cargo support, so that one of them
  • the second cargo support of the cargo loading device and the second cargo support of the other cargo loading device form a cargo support channel with both sides inclined with respect to the frame base 12, then the combination of the two cargo loading devices can form three Cargo support channel.
  • the setting of the second cargo support enables the cargo loading device to be reasonably set according to the cargo loading requirements, to be spliced, and to increase the cargo loading capacity.
  • the second cargo support can also slide relative to the frame base 12.
  • the structure in which the second cargo support slides relative to the frame base 12 is the same as the structure in which the first cargo support slides relative to the frame base 12 and will not be repeated here.
  • the frame base 12 is provided with a plurality of diagonal pieces, and the two corner pieces in any one of the diagonal pieces are distributed on both sides of the first cargo support along the length of the first cargo support.
  • the multiple diagonal pieces are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the first cargo support.
  • this embodiment specifically describes the arrangement of the corner pieces.
  • the two corner pieces 4 in any pair of diagonal pieces are located on opposite sides of the frame base 12 respectively.
  • the arrangement direction of the plurality of diagonal pieces is preferably perpendicular to the length direction of the first cargo support.
  • the corner pieces 4 can be directly fixed to the frame base 12; when the frame base 12 along the length of the first cargo support respectively
  • the corner piece 4 may be fixed to the corresponding side plate. It is preferable that the corner piece 4 is fixed to the middle of both sides of the frame base 12 or the middle of the first side plate 8 and the middle of the second side plate 13.
  • a pull ring 7 may be further provided on the outer side of the first side plate 8 and the outer side of the second side plate 13 to fix the pull cord for fastening the cargo or the awning.
  • a baffle and a first cargo support on the upper side of the frame base, a cargo support channel at least one side of which is inclined with respect to the frame base is formed between the baffle and the first cargo support, and One side of the first cargo support is perpendicular to the frame base, which makes the cargo difficult to shift, can enhance the applicability of the cargo support channel to different convoluted cargoes and the stability of the cargo support, reduce space occupation; by making the baffle and / Or the first cargo support can slide relative to the base of the rack body to enhance the flexibility of cargo loading adjustment of the cargo loading device; by providing the second cargo support, it is convenient to enhance the cargo loading capacity.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Auxiliary Methods And Devices For Loading And Unloading (AREA)

Abstract

货物装载装置，包括架体底座（12）、挡板（1）和第一货物支架；挡板（1）设置于架体底座（12）的端部，第一货物支架与挡板（1）形成货物支撑槽道；第一货物支架面向挡板（1）的侧面至少部分的相对于架体底座（12）倾斜设置，第一货物支架背向挡板（1）的侧面垂直于架体底座（12），且第一货物支架的底部与挡板（1）之间的间距小于第一货物支架的顶部与挡板（1）之间的间距。

Description

货物装载装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2018年12月29日提交的申请号为201811636595.4，发明名称为“货物装载装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其通过引用方式全部并入本申请。
技术领域
本申请涉及货物运输技术，更具体地，涉及一种货物装载装置。
背景技术
铁路敞车是铁路货车的车种之一。其两边侧板可翻开，方便装卸货物，主要用于运送矿建物资、木材、钢材等大宗货物，也可用来运送机械设备，通用性较好。
我国铁路敞平集车装载运输圆柱形货物时，对敞平集车装载运输圆柱形货物的捆绑加固，都是采用多股铁线或绳索捆绑，绞棒绞绕绷紧的加固方法。这种加固方法单股受力不均、操作复杂、浪费严重、运输成本高、装卸现场杂乱无章，货物在运输途中受惯性作用而产生位移，极易产生捆绑松动而又无法紧固，存在交通运输安全事故的隐患。并且，用于支撑货物的结构通常占用空间较大。
发明内容
(一)要解决的技术问题
本申请提供了一种货物装载装置，以解决现有技术中货物运输途中货物易移位、货物支撑结构空间占用大的技术问题。
(二)技术方案
为解决上述技术问题，根据本申请的一个方面，提供一种货物装载装置，包括架体底座、挡板和第一货物支架；所述挡板设置于所述架体底座的端部，所述第一货物支架与所述挡板形成货物支撑槽道；所述第一货物支架面向所述挡板的侧面至少部分的相对于所述架体底座倾斜设置，所述第一货物支架背向所述挡板的侧面垂直于所述架体底座，且所述第一货物 支架的底部与所述挡板之间的间距小于所述第一货物支架的顶部与所述挡板之间的间距。
进一步地，所述第一货物支架滑动设置于所述架体底座上，所述第一货物支架的滑动方向与所述第一货物支架的长度方向垂直。
进一步地，所述挡板滑动设置于所述架体底座上，所述挡板的滑动方向与所述挡板的长度方向垂直。
进一步地，所述第一货物支架包括第一上横梁、第一下横梁和第一缓冲件；所述第一下横梁面向所述挡板的板面相对于所述架体底座倾斜设置，所述第一缓冲件的一端与所述下横梁连接，所述第一缓冲件的另一端与所述第一上横梁连接。
进一步地，所述第一货物支架还包括第一加强筋；所述第一加强筋的底部抵接于所述架体底座上侧，所述第一加强筋的侧部抵接所述第一下横梁和/或所述第一缓冲件。
进一步地，所述架体底座上侧设置有第一导轨，所述第一加强筋的底部设置第一滑道，所述第一滑道滑动设置于所述第一导轨上侧；所述架体底座上还设置有至少一条第一凹槽，所述第一凹槽的长度方向与所述第一导轨平行，所述第一加强筋通过第一连接件固定于所述架体底座上，且所述第一连接件由所述第一凹槽内穿过。
进一步地，所述架体底座上还设置有挡板导轨，所述挡板的底部设置有挡板滑道，所述挡板导轨的上端部位于所述挡板滑道内；所述架体底座上还设置有挡板滑槽，所述挡板通过挡板连接件固定于所述架体底座上，所述挡板连接件由所述挡板滑槽内穿过。
进一步地，还包括第二货物支架；所述第二货物支架位于所述第一货物支架远离所述挡板的一侧，所述第二货物支架包括第二下横梁，所述第二下横梁背向所述第一货物支架的侧面相对于所述架体底座倾斜设置。
进一步地，所述架体底座上设置有多对角件对，任一对所述角件对中的两个角件沿所述第一货物支架的长度方向分布于所述第一货物支架的两侧，所述多对角件对沿垂直于所述第一货物支架长度方向的方向排布。
(三)有益效果
本申请提出的一种货物装载装置，其有益效果主要如下：
通过在架体底座上侧设置挡板和第一货物支架，使挡板与第一货物支架之间形成至少一侧相对于架体底座倾斜的货物支撑槽道，且第一货物支架的一侧面垂直于架体底座，使货物不易移位，能够增强货物支撑槽道对不同卷积货物的适用性以及货物支撑的稳定性，减少空间占用；通过使挡板和/或第一货物支架能够相对于架体底座滑动，增强货物装载装置货物装载调节的灵活性；通过设置第二货物支架，便于增强货物装载能力。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例的一种货物装载装置的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例的两个货物装载装置拼接时的侧视图；
图中，1-挡板，2-连接板，3-挡板加强筋，4-角件，5-第一加强筋，6-第一缓冲件，7-拉环，8-第一侧板，9-第二下横梁，10-第二加强筋，11-第二上横梁，12-架体底座，13-第二侧板，14-第一上横梁，15-第一下横梁。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本申请的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本申请，但不用来限制本申请的范围。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
参见图1所示，本申请实施例提供一种货物装载装置，包括架体底座12、挡板1和第一货物支架；挡板1设置于架体底座12的端部，第一货物支架与挡板1形成货物支撑槽道；第一货物支架面向挡板1的侧面至少部分的相对于架体底座12倾斜设置，第一货物支架背向挡板1的侧面垂直于架体底座12，且第一货物支架的底部与挡板1之间的间距小于第一货物支架的顶部与挡板1之间的间距。
货物装载装置的架体底座12可以是平板结构、框体结构或其他支撑 体结构，只要便于在架体底座12上固定或设置相应的结构即可。其中，架体底座12通常呈水平状态设置，即架体底座12平行于地面的状态设置。以下皆以架体底座12呈水平状态设置的结构为例进行说明。
架体底座12平行于地面设置。在架体底座12的上侧，与挡板1并排设置有第一货物支架。挡板1面向第一货物支架的侧面可垂直于架体底座12设置，也可相对于架体底座12倾斜设置；挡板1背向第一货物支架的侧面也可以与架体底座12垂直。在挡板1的一侧还可设置连接板2，便于货物装载装置之间的连接。
可以是架体底座12的两端均设置有挡板1，也可以是仅在一端设置挡板1。挡板1的长度方向可以是垂直于架体底座12的长度方向设置，也可以是平行于架体底座12的长度方向设置；通常挡板1的长度方向垂直于架体底座12的长度方向，也即挡板1设置于架体底座12沿架体底座12长度方向的两端部或其中一个端部。以下皆以挡板1的的长度方向与架体底座12的长度方向垂直的结构为例进行说明。
第一货物支架至少部分的相对于架体底座12倾斜设置，且第一货物支架背向挡板1的一侧面垂直于架体底座12。例如，可以是仅只第一货物支架的下半部分相对于架体底座12倾斜设置，也可以是第一货物支架整体均相对于架体底座12倾斜设置。并且，第一货物支架的底部与挡板1之间的距离小于第一货物支架顶部与挡板1之间的距离，使得第一货物支架的底部向挡板1的方向倾斜，便于货物的存放。
并排设置的第一货物支架与挡板1之间的区间即构成用于存放圆柱体形状货物的货物支撑槽道。圆柱体形状的货物放置于货物支撑槽道内；货物支撑槽道至少一侧为斜面结构，使货物不易移位，能够扩大圆柱体形状货物卷径的适用范围；同时，第一货物支架的一侧为倾斜面，另一侧为竖直面，能够增强圆柱体形状货物放置的稳定性，并能够减少空间占用，使结构更紧凑，便于减小货物装载装置体积。
在一个具体的实施例中，第一货物支架滑动设置于架体底座12上，第一货物支架的滑动方向与第一货物支架的长度方向垂直。在上述实施例的基础上，本实施例具体说明第一货物支架与架体底座12连接的结构。
当挡板1的长度方向与架体底座12的长度方向垂直时，挡板1和第 一货物支架的长度方向均与架体底座12的长度方向垂直，且平行于架体底座12的宽度方向。第一货物支架的滑动方向与第一货物支架的长度方向垂直，则第一货物支架滑动时，其向靠近或远离挡板1的方向运动，以调节货物支撑槽道的宽度，适应不同卷径的货物的存放。通过调整货物支撑槽道的宽度，能够进一步增强货物装载装置装载货物的适用性。
在一个具体的实施例中，挡板1滑动设置于架体底座12上，挡板1的滑动方向与挡板1的长度方向垂直。在上述各实施例的基础上，本实施例具体说明挡板1与架体底座12连接的结构。
具体地，挡板1和第一货物支架可以是均能够相对架体底座12滑动，也可以是仅只其中之一能够相对于架体底座12滑动。当仅只挡板1能够相对于架体底座12滑动，且其滑动方向与挡板1的长度方向垂直，使挡板1能够向靠近或远离第一货物支架的方向运动，也能够实现调整货物支撑槽道宽度的目的。当仅只第一货物支架能够相对于架体底座12滑动，且其滑动方向与第一货物支架的长度方向垂直，使第一货物支架能够向靠近或远离挡板1的方向运动，也能够实现调整货物支撑槽道宽度的目的。
当挡板1和第一货物支架均能够相对于架体底座12滑动时，不仅能够起到调节货物支撑槽道宽度的目的，还能够实现调节货物支撑槽道沿架体底座12长度方向的位置。例如，货物支撑槽道可位于架体底座12靠近挡板1所在一端的端部，也可以位于相对于更靠近架体底座12中部的位置。采用上述结构，便于根据货物的具体形状、重量、货物装载需求等灵活调节。
在一个具体的实施例中，第一货物支架包括第一上横梁14、第一下横梁15和第一缓冲件6；第一下横梁15面向挡板1的板面相对于架体底座12倾斜设置，第一缓冲件6的一端与下横梁连接，第一缓冲件6的另一端与第一上横梁14连接。在上述各实施例的基础上，本实施例具体说明第一货物支架的结构。
第一下横梁15面向挡板1的板面相对于架体底座12倾斜设置，第一上横梁14面向挡板1的侧面可以是相对于架体底座12倾斜设置，也可以是与架体底座12垂直的。其中，优选第一上横梁14与挡板1之间的间距大于第一下横梁15与挡板1之间的间距。并且，在第一上横梁14和第一 下横梁15之间设置第一缓冲件6；第一缓冲件6的一端与第一上横梁14连接，另一端与第一下横梁15连接。
第一缓冲件6可以是一个，也可以有多个。当有多个时，多个第一缓冲件6沿第一货物支架的长度方向排布。其中，第一缓冲件6面向挡板1的侧面优选突出于第一下横梁15面向挡板1的板面，或与第一下横梁15面向挡板1的板面和第一上横梁14面向挡板1的侧面齐平。其中，第一缓冲件6可以是橡胶垫或其他具有一定弹性作用的构件。当货物放置到货物支撑槽道内时，货物与第一缓冲件6接触，能够降低货物对第一下横梁15和第一上横梁14挤压造成的损伤。
在一个具体的实施例中，第一货物支架还包括第一加强筋5；第一加强筋5的底部抵接于架体底座12上侧，第一加强筋5的侧部抵接第一下横梁15和/或第一缓冲件6。在上述各实施例的基础上，本实施例具体说明第一货物支架的结构。
第一加强筋5设置在第一货物支架背向挡板1的一侧。第一加强筋5的底部设置于架体底座12上侧，第一加强筋5的侧方优选与第一下横梁15和第一缓冲件6均接触，且固定连接在一起。当第一缓冲件6设置有多个，第一加强筋5也设置有多个时，可优选第一缓冲件6与第一加强筋5一一对应设置，任一第一加强筋5对应与第一下横梁15和一个第一缓冲件6抵接。当设置有多个第一缓冲件6，仅设置一个第一加强筋5，或者，仅只设置一个第一缓冲件6和一个第一加强筋5时，第一加强筋5优选与靠近第一货物支架中部的第一缓冲件6抵接，同时也与第一下横梁15抵接。其中，第一加强筋5的侧部可采用斜面，便于与第一下横梁15和/或第一缓冲件6的固定连接。
其中，第一加强筋5的顶部可与第一上横梁14抵接，也可以不接触，优选第一加强筋5与第一上横梁14也处于抵接状态，能够进一步增强第一货物支架承载货物的稳定性。
在一个具体的实施例中，架体底座12上侧设置有第一导轨，第一加强筋5的底部设置第一滑道，第一滑道滑动设置于第一导轨上侧；架体底座12上还设置有至少一条第一凹槽，第一凹槽的长度方向与第一导轨平行，第一加强筋5通过第一连接件固定于架体底座12上，且第一连接件 由第一凹槽内穿过。在上述各实施例的基础上，本实施例具体说明第一货物支架相对于架体底座12滑动的结构。
具体地，第一货物支架相对于架体底座12滑动设置，可通过使第一上横梁14和第一下横梁15与位于架体底座12两侧的侧板之间滑动设置的方式以实现；其中，第一侧板8和第二侧板13位于架体底座12的相对两侧，且均与挡板1相互垂直设置。作为另一种优选的具体的实现方式，对应设置第一导轨和第一滑道，且第一导轨和第一滑道相互平行，第一导轨和第一滑道的长度方向均垂直于第一货物支架的长度方向。第一导轨与第一滑道相互配合，使第一货物支架能够相对架体底座12滑动。
第一凹槽设置于第一导轨侧方。优选设置有两条第一凹槽，两条第一凹槽分别位于第一导轨的两侧。当设置有两条第一凹槽时，对应设置至少两个第一连接件。其中至少一个第一连接件的一端固定于第一加强筋5侧方，另一端由第一凹槽内穿过；其中至少一个第一连接件的一端固定于第一加强筋5另一侧，且由另一第一凹槽内穿过。
当第一货物支架沿第一导轨滑动时，第一连接件也在第一凹槽内滑动；当滑动至预定的位置，则将第一连接件固定于架体底座12上，以固定第一货物支架的位置，从而实现对货物支撑槽道宽度的调节。连接件与架体底座12固定连接时采用常规方式即可，例如，第一连接件采用螺杆，第一凹槽贯穿架体底座12，当滑动至预定位置后，第一连接件的另一端突出于架体底座12的下底面，并用紧固螺栓紧固即可，以使第一加强筋固定于架体底座12上侧。
在一个具体的实施例中，架体底座12上还设置有挡板导轨，挡板1的底部设置有挡板滑道，挡板导轨的上端部位于挡板滑道内；架体底座12上还设置有挡板滑槽，挡板1通过挡板连接件固定于架体底座12上，挡板连接件由挡板滑槽内穿过。在上述各实施例的基础上，本实施例具体说明挡板1相对于架体底座12滑动的结构。
具体地，挡板1相对于架体底座12滑动设置，可通过使挡板1与位于架体底座12两侧的侧板之间滑动设置的方式以实现；其中，侧板与挡板1相互垂直设置。作为一种优选的具体的实现方式，对应设置挡板导轨和挡板滑道，且挡板导轨和挡板滑道相互平行，挡板导轨和挡板滑道的长 度方向均垂直于挡板1的长度方向。挡板导轨与挡板滑道相互配合，使挡板1能够相对架体底座12滑动。可以理解的是，在挡板1背向第一货物支架的一侧也可设置挡板加强筋3。
挡板滑槽设置于挡板导轨侧方。优选设置有两条挡板滑槽，两条挡板滑槽分别位于挡板导轨的两侧。当设置有两条挡板滑槽时，对应设置至少两个挡板连接件。其中至少一个挡板连接件的一端固定于挡板1一侧，另一端由挡板滑槽内穿过；其中至少一个挡板连接件的一端固定于挡板1一侧，且由另一挡板滑槽内穿过。
当挡板1沿挡板导轨滑动时，挡板连接件也在挡板滑槽内滑动；当滑动至预定的位置，则将挡板连接件固定于架体底座12上，以固定挡板1的位置，从而实现对货物支撑槽道宽度的调节。挡板连接件与架体底座12固定连接时采用常规方式即可，例如挡板连接件采用螺杆，挡板滑槽贯穿架体底座12，当滑动至预定位置后，挡板连接件的另一端突出于架体底座12的底部，并用紧固螺栓紧固即可，以使挡板1固定于架体底座12上侧。可以理解的是，也可以是挡板加强筋的底部相应设置滑道，并在挡板加强筋的侧方对应设置连接件的结构。
在一个具体的实施例中，还包括第二货物支架；第二货物支架位于第一货物支架远离挡板1的一侧，第二货物支架包括第二下横梁9，第二下横梁9背向第一货物支架的侧面相对于架体底座12倾斜设置。在上述各实施例的基础上，本实施例具体说明第二货物支架的结构。
具体地，第二货物支架设置于第一货物支架一侧，且位于远离挡板1的一侧，第二货物支架和挡板1位于架体底座12的相对两端。第二货物支架与第一货物支架可以是具有相同的结构，也可以是二者的结构不同；优选二者的结构相同。第二货物支架包括第二上横梁11和第二下横梁9。第二下横梁9背向第一货物支架的一侧相对于架体底座12倾斜设置；第二货物支架面向第一货物支架的侧面垂直于架体底座12。
第二上横梁11与第二下横梁9之间设置第二缓冲件。第二缓冲件的一端与第二上横梁11连接，第二缓冲件的另一端与第二下横梁9连接。第二缓冲件可以是一个，也可以有多个。多个第二缓冲件沿第二货物支架的长度方向排布。其中，第二缓冲件背向第一货物支架的侧面优选突出于 第二下横梁9背向第一货物支架的侧面，或与第二下横梁9背向第一货物支架的侧面和第二上横梁11背向第一货物支架的侧面齐平。其中，第二缓冲件可以是橡胶垫或其他具有一定弹性作用的构件。
在第二货物支架面向第一货物支架的一侧设置第二加强筋10。第二加强筋10的侧方优选与第二下横梁9和第二缓冲件均接触。当第二缓冲件设置有多个，第二加强筋10也设置有多个时，可优选第二缓冲件与第二加强筋10一一对应设置，任一第二加强筋10对应与第二下横梁9和一个第二缓冲件抵接。当设置有多个第二缓冲件，仅设置一个第二加强筋10，或者，仅只设置一个第二缓冲件和一个第二加强筋10时，第二加强筋10优选与靠近第二货物支架中部的第二缓冲件抵接，同时也与第二下横梁9抵接。
其中，第二加强筋10的顶部可与第二上横梁11抵接，也可以不接触，优选第二加强筋10与第二上横梁11也处于抵接状态，能够进一步增强第二货物支架承载货物的稳定性。
参见图2所示，在与挡板1相对的另一端设置第二货物支架，当使用两个货物装载装置时，且两个货物装载装置沿垂直于第二货物支架长度方向设置，使其中一个货物装载装置的第二货物支架与另一个货物装载装置的第二货物支架构成一个两侧均相对于架体底座12倾斜设置的货物支撑槽道，则两个货物装载装置组合后，能够形成三个货物支撑槽道。第二货物支架的设置，使得货物装载装置能够根据货物装载的需求合理设置，进行拼接，增加货物装载能力。
同样，第二货物支架也可以相对于架体底座12滑动。第二货物支架相对于架体底座12相对滑动的结构与第一货物支架相对架体底座12相对滑动的结构相同，此处不再赘述。
在一个具体的实施例中，架体底座12上设置有多对角件对，任一对角件对中的两个角件沿第一货物支架的长度方向分布于第一货物支架的两侧，多对角件对沿垂直于第一货物支架长度方向的方向排布。在上述各实施例的基础上，本实施例具体说明角件的设置方式。
任一对角件对中的两个角件4分别位于架体底座12的相对两侧。并且，多对角件对的排布方向优选垂直于第一货物支架的长度方向。当架体 底座12沿第一货物支架长度方向的两侧未设置侧板时，角件4可直接固定于架体底座12上；当架体底座12沿第一货物支架长度方向的两侧分别设置有第一侧板8和第二侧板13时，角件4可固定于对应的侧板上。优选在架体底座12两侧的中部，或者，在第一侧板8的中部和第二侧板13的中部固定有角件4。
其中，在第一侧板8的外侧和第二侧板13的外侧还可设置拉环7，用于固定紧固货物或遮蓬物的拉绳。
本申请的货物装载装置，通过在架体底座上侧设置挡板和第一货物支架，使挡板与第一货物支架之间形成至少一侧相对于架体底座倾斜的货物支撑槽道，且第一货物支架的一侧面垂直于架体底座，使货物不易移位，能够增强货物支撑槽道对不同卷积货物的适用性以及货物支撑的稳定性，减少空间占用；通过使挡板和/或第一货物支架能够相对于架体底座滑动，增强货物装载装置货物装载调节的灵活性；通过设置第二货物支架，便于增强货物装载能力。
最后，本申请的方法仅为较佳的实施方案，并非用于限定本申请的保护范围。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种货物装载装置，其特征在于，包括架体底座、挡板和第一货物支架；所述挡板设置于所述架体底座的端部，所述第一货物支架与所述挡板形成货物支撑槽道；所述第一货物支架面向所述挡板的侧面至少部分的相对于所述架体底座倾斜设置，所述第一货物支架背向所述挡板的侧面垂直于所述架体底座，且所述第一货物支架的底部与所述挡板之间的间距小于所述第一货物支架的顶部与所述挡板之间的间距。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的货物装载装置，其特征在于，所述第一货物支架滑动设置于所述架体底座上，所述第一货物支架的滑动方向与所述第一货物支架的长度方向垂直。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的货物装载装置，其特征在于，所述挡板滑动设置于所述架体底座上，所述挡板的滑动方向与所述挡板的长度方向垂直。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的货物装载装置，其特征在于，所述第一货物支架包括第一上横梁、第一下横梁和第一缓冲件；所述第一下横梁面向所述挡板的板面相对于所述架体底座倾斜设置，所述第一缓冲件的一端与所述下横梁连接，所述第一缓冲件的另一端与所述第一上横梁连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的货物装载装置，其特征在于，所述第一货物支架还包括第一加强筋；所述第一加强筋的底部抵接于所述架体底座上侧，所述第一加强筋的侧部抵接所述第一下横梁和/或所述第一缓冲件。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的货物装载装置，其特征在于，所述架体底座上侧设置有第一导轨，所述第一加强筋的底部设置第一滑道，所述第一滑道滑动设置于所述第一导轨上侧；所述架体底座上还设置有至少一条第一凹槽，所述第一凹槽的长度方向与所述第一导轨平行，所述第一加强筋通过第一连接件固定于所述架体底座上，且所述第一连接件由所述第一凹槽内穿过。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的货物装载装置，其特征在于，所述架体底座上还设置有挡板导轨，所述挡板的底部设置有挡板滑道，所述挡板导轨的上端部位于所述挡板滑道内；所述架体底座上还设置有挡板滑槽，所述挡板通过挡板连接件固定于所述架体底座上，所述挡板连接件由所述挡板 滑槽内穿过。
  8. 根据权利要求4-6任一项所述的货物装载装置，其特征在于，还包括第二货物支架；所述第二货物支架位于所述第一货物支架远离所述挡板的一侧，所述第二货物支架包括第二下横梁，所述第二下横梁背向所述第一货物支架的侧面相对于所述架体底座倾斜设置。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的货物装载装置，其特征在于，所述架体底座上设置有多对角件对，任一对所述角件对中的两个角件沿所述第一货物支架的长度方向分布于所述第一货物支架的两侧，所述多对角件对沿垂直于所述第一货物支架长度方向的方向排布。
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