WO2020133724A1 - 岩样保真取芯装置 - Google Patents

岩样保真取芯装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020133724A1
WO2020133724A1 PCT/CN2019/078276 CN2019078276W WO2020133724A1 WO 2020133724 A1 WO2020133724 A1 WO 2020133724A1 CN 2019078276 W CN2019078276 W CN 2019078276W WO 2020133724 A1 WO2020133724 A1 WO 2020133724A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
core
valve
barrel
fidelity
drill bit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/078276
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高明忠
***
陈领
朱建波
李存宝
廖志毅
何志强
郭峻
李聪
Original Assignee
深圳大学
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳大学 filed Critical 深圳大学
Priority to US17/419,028 priority Critical patent/US11781390B2/en
Publication of WO2020133724A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020133724A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
    • E21B25/10—Formed core retaining or severing means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
    • E21B10/605—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids the bit being a core-bit
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/02—Core bits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B2200/00—Special features related to earth drilling for obtaining oil, gas or water
    • E21B2200/05—Flapper valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of oil and gas field exploration, in particular to a rock sample fidelity coring device.
  • the core is an important material for discovering oil and gas layers and studying strata, oil-generating layers, oil reservoirs, caprocks, structures, etc.
  • the core Through the observation and study of the core, you can directly understand the lithology and physical properties of underground rock layers And the characteristics of oil, gas and aquatic conditions.
  • the core is to use special core tools to take the underground rock into the ground in the process of drilling.
  • This kind of rock is called the core, through which you can measure various properties of the rock and intuitively study the underground structure. And the sedimentary environment of the rock, to understand the nature of the fluid.
  • it is necessary to carry out drilling work according to the geologically designed stratum level and depth enter the core tool into the well, drill the core sample taken out, and store it in the core storage compartment, in the equipment During the ascent, the environmental parameters such as the temperature and pressure of the core storage compartment will decrease, so that the core cannot maintain its state in the in-situ environment.
  • the core taking tool includes a core drilling tool and a core catcher. After the core drilling tool is cut into the formation, the core catcher is used to keep the core in the inner cylinder.
  • the existing core catcher can only take soft rock and hard rock. In addition, the cooling speed of the blade of the existing core drilling tool is slow, the wear of the cutter is fast, and the service life of the blade is short.
  • the invention aims to provide a rock sample fidelity coring device, which is beneficial for maintaining the state of the core in the in-situ environment, and can increase the drilling speed and the efficiency of coring.
  • the rock sample fidelity coring device disclosed by the present invention includes a core drilling tool, a core sample storage tube and a core sample fidelity cabin.
  • the core drilling tool includes a core drilling tool, a core catcher and an inner core Core tube, the core drilling tool includes an outer core tube and a hollow drill bit, and the drill bit is connected to the lower end of the outer core tube;
  • the core catcher includes an annular base body and a plurality of claws, the annular base body is coaxially installed at the lower end of the inner core tube On the inner wall, the claws are evenly arranged on the ring-shaped base, the lower end of the claws is connected to the ring-shaped base, and the upper end of the claws is gathered inwards; the lower end of the inner core tube extends to the bottom of the outer core tube, and the inner core tube and the outer core tube are clearance fit;
  • the core sample storage barrel includes a core barrel, an outer cylinder of a drilling rig, a flap valve and a trigger mechanism.
  • the flap valve includes a valve seat and a sealing disc, the valve seat is coaxially mounted on the inner wall of the outer cylinder of the drilling machine, and the valve flap is sealed at one end It is movably connected to the outer side wall of the upper end of the valve seat, and the top of the valve seat has a valve port sealing surface matching the sealing disc;
  • the fidelity chamber of the core sample includes an inner core barrel, an outer core barrel and an accumulator.
  • the core barrel is sleeved on the inner core barrel, the upper end of the inner core barrel communicates with a liquid nitrogen storage tank, the liquid nitrogen storage tank is located in the outer core barrel, and the accumulator communicates with the outer core core barrel.
  • the outer core barrel is equipped with a flap valve;
  • the fidelity chamber of the core sample further includes an electric heater, a temperature sensor, an electronic control valve disposed between the inner core barrel and the liquid nitrogen storage tank, a pressure sensor, an accumulator and an outer core core A three-way shut-off valve A between the cylinders, the two ports of the three-way shut-off valve A are respectively connected to the accumulator and the outer core barrel, the third port of the three-way shut-off valve A is connected to the pressure relief valve, the three-way shut-off valve A is an electric control valve, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are connected to the processing unit, the electric heater, the electronic control valve, and the three-way cut-off valve A are all controlled by the processing unit, and the electric heater is used to take out the inside of the core barrel For heating, the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature in the fidelity compartment, and the pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure in the fidelity compartment.
  • the drill bit includes a first-level blade for drilling and a second-level blade for reaming
  • the drill bit includes an inner drill bit and an outer drill bit
  • the inner drill bit is installed in the outer drill bit
  • the first-stage blade is located in the inner
  • the second-level blades are located on the outer side wall of the outer drill bit.
  • the first-level blades are provided with three equal intervals in the circumferential direction
  • the second-level blades are provided with three equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Coolant circuit holes are provided at the secondary blades.
  • the outer core tube and the outer wall of the drill bit are provided with spiral grooves, and the spiral groove on the drill bit is continuous with the spiral groove on the outer core tube.
  • the claw includes a vertical arm and a tilt arm that are manufactured integrally, the lower end of the vertical arm is connected to the ring-shaped base, the upper end of the vertical arm is connected to the lower end of the tilt arm, the upper end of the tilt arm is a free end, and the tilt arm Tilt inward from bottom to top, the tilt angle of the tilt arm is 60°.
  • the sealing flap includes an elastic sealing ring, an elastic connecting strip, a sealing member and a plurality of locking strips arranged in parallel in sequence, the elastic connecting strip connects all the locking strips in series and the elastic sealing ring hoops all the locking strips together
  • the integral structure is formed, and the locking strip has a clamping groove adapted to the elastic sealing ring, the elastic sealing ring is installed in the clamping groove, a sealing member is provided between two adjacent locking strips, and one end of the valve flap is movably connected to the valve through a limiting hinge
  • the upper end of the seat; the valve flap is arc-shaped when it is not turned down, and the valve flap fits with the outer wall of the inner core barrel; when the valve flap is turned down, it is flat and covers the upper end of the valve seat.
  • the inner wall of the outer core barrel is provided with a sealed cavity, the flap is located in the sealed cavity, and the sealed cavity is in communication with the inner core barrel; the inner wall of the outer core barrel is provided with a seal ring, the seal ring Located below the flap valve.
  • the electric heater is a resistance wire
  • the resistance wire is embedded on the inner wall of the outer core barrel
  • the resistance wire is coated with an insulating layer.
  • a graphene layer is attached to the inner wall of the inner core barrel.
  • the upper part of the inner core tube is filled with dripping film-forming agent.
  • the invention can automatically heat and cool the fidelity cabin, which is helpful for the core to maintain its state in the in-situ environment.
  • the invention can automatically pressurize the fidelity cabin, which is helpful for the core to maintain its state in the in-situ environment.
  • the flip mechanism of the present invention can automatically close the fidelity cabin when the core is taken, the structure is simple, safe and reliable.
  • the graphene layer of the present invention can reduce the sliding resistance of the core on the inside of the PVC pipe, while improving the strength and surface accuracy of the inside, and enhancing the thermal conductivity coefficient.
  • the sealed cavity of the present invention can isolate the drilling fluid passing through the fidelity cavity.
  • the mechanical jaw of the present invention is designed to face upwards and gather inwards. When the jaws are descending, the jaws are easily spread by the core, so that the core enters the inner core barrel; when the jaws are ascending, the jaws are difficult Be stretched by the core, because the core can not resist the large pulling force and the clamping effect of the jaws, the core is broken at the jaws, the broken core will continue to go up with the jaws to keep it in the inner cylinder;
  • the drill bit is divided into two-level blades.
  • the lowermost blade drills a small hole first, and then the upper blade expands the hole, which can increase the drilling speed and improve the core extraction efficiency;
  • a through hole is provided as a coolant circuit hole in the blade part, and the coolant can be sprayed through the through hole to cool the blade, speed up the cooling speed of the blade, reduce the wear of the tool, and extend the life of the blade;
  • the outer wall of the outer core tube is provided with a spiral groove continuous with the drill bit. As the outer core tube is screwed into the rock layer, the outer core tube creates a closed space for the core removal tool to prevent the fidelity cabin from being contaminated.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of a core drilling tool
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the inner core tube
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional perspective view of the core catcher
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the core catcher
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a core drilling tool
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drill bit
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of the inner drill body
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view when the flap valve is not turned down
  • valve flap 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the valve flap
  • 15 is a partial cross-sectional view of the inner core barrel
  • 16 is an electrical schematic diagram of the present invention.
  • the rock sample fidelity coring device disclosed in the present invention includes a core drilling tool, a core sample storage tube and a core sample fidelity cabin, as shown in FIG. 1, the core fidelity cabin includes a mechanical part and a control part, The mechanical part includes an inner core barrel 28, an outer core barrel 26, and an accumulator 229.
  • the accumulator 229 communicates with the outer core barrel, the inner core barrel 28 is used to place the core 21, and the outer core barrel 26 is set inside.
  • the upper end of the inner coring barrel 28 communicates with the liquid nitrogen storage tank 225, and the communication pipe between the inner coring barrel 28 and the liquid nitrogen storage tank 225 is provided with an electric control valve 226, and the liquid nitrogen storage tank 225 is located outside
  • a flip valve 23 is provided inside and outside the core barrel 26.
  • the core drilling tool includes a core drilling tool, a core catcher 11 and an inner core tube 12, the core drilling tool includes an outer core tube 13 and a hollow drill bit 14, and the drill bit 14 and the outer core tube
  • the lower end of 13 is connected, and the core catcher 11 is provided on the inner wall of the lower end of the inner core tube 12.
  • the lower end of the inner core tube 12 extends to the bottom of the outer core tube 13 and clearance fits with the outer core tube 13.
  • the core catcher 11 includes an annular base 111 and a plurality of jaws 112.
  • the jaws 112 are evenly arranged on the annular base 111, the lower end of the jaw 112 is connected to the annular base 111, and the upper end of the jaw 112 is inward Collapse.
  • the number of the claws 112 can be set as needed, and is not limited to the above number.
  • the claw 112 includes an integrally made vertical arm 1121 and a tilting arm 1122.
  • the lower end of the vertical arm 1121 is connected to the ring-shaped base 11, the upper end of the vertical arm 1121 is connected to the lower end of the tilting arm 1122, and the upper end of the tilting arm 1122 is a free end.
  • the arm 1122 tilts inward from bottom to top, and the tilt of the tilt arm 1122 can be adjusted as needed.
  • the tilt angle of the tilt arm 1122 is 60°, and the width of the claw 112 gradually decreases from bottom to top.
  • the thickness of the claw 112 is equal to the thickness of the annular base 111, and the claw 112 and the annular base 111 are integrally manufactured.
  • the ring-shaped base body 111 is provided with a ring-shaped sleeve 17, and the ring-shaped base body 111 is fixed to the ring-shaped sleeve 17.
  • the inner wall of the inner core tube 12 is coated with graphene.
  • the inner core tube 12 includes a core barrel 121 and a core sleeve 122.
  • the upper end of the core sleeve 122 is sleeved and fixed at the lower end of the core sleeve 121.
  • the inner wall of the core sleeve 122 is adapted to the annular sleeve 17
  • the annular groove 123 and the annular sleeve 17 are installed in the annular groove 123, and the free end of the claw 112 faces upward.
  • the free end of the claw 112 faces upward and gathers inwards.
  • the drill bit 14 is a PCD tool. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the drill bit 14 includes an inner drill bit 141 and an outer drill bit 142.
  • the inner drill bit 141 includes a first-stage blade 1411 and a hollow inner drill body 1121412.
  • the lower end of the inner drill blade body 1121412 has a first-stage blade mounting groove 1413 for installing the first-stage blade 1411.
  • the first-stage blade mounting groove 1413 is opened at the lower end surface of the inner drill blade body 1121412.
  • the inner drill blade The body 1121412 has a coolant circuit hole 15 at the first-stage blade mounting groove 1413.
  • the coolant circuit hole 15 is an arc-shaped hole that opens to the front end surface of the drill bit 4 and communicates with the first-stage blade mounting groove 1413.
  • the inner drill body 1121412 is provided with three first-level blade mounting grooves 1413 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Each first-level blade mounting groove 1413 is provided with a coolant circuit hole 15 and each first-level blade mounting groove 1413 The first-stage blade 1411 is installed in both.
  • the outer drill bit 142 includes a second-stage blade 1421 and a hollow outer drill body 1422.
  • the outer wall of the second-level blade 1421 has a second-level blade mounting groove 1423 for installing the second-level blade 1421, and the coolant return hole 15 is located at the second-level blade mounting groove 1423 on the outer drill body 1422.
  • the coolant circuit hole 15 is a bar-shaped hole, and the bar-shaped hole communicates with the second-stage blade mounting groove 1423.
  • the outer drill blade body 1422 is provided with three second-level blade mounting grooves 1423 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Each second-level blade mounting groove 1423 is provided with a coolant circuit hole 15 and each second-level blade mounting groove 1423 Both are equipped with a second-stage blade 1421.
  • the inner drill bit 141 is installed in the outer drill bit 142.
  • the outer drill body 1422 has a first-level blade avoidance gap 1424 corresponding to the first-level blade 1411.
  • the first-level blade escape gap 1424 opens at the front end surface of the outer drill bit 142.
  • the cutting edge of the first-level blade 1411 is exposed to the outer drill body 1422 from the first-level blade escape gap 1424.
  • the inner wall of the inner drill body 1121412 is provided with a sealing ring 18, which is located above the first-stage blade 1411.
  • the highly elastic ring-shaped sealing ring is used to wrap the core during the core taking process, so as to achieve the effect of isolation and quality preservation and moisture retention. , Quality assurance goals.
  • the drill bit is divided into two-stage blades.
  • the first-stage blade 1411 at the bottom end drills a small hole first, and then the second-stage blade 1421 at the top expands the hole, which can increase the drilling speed.
  • Through holes are provided as cooling liquid circuit holes 15 in the blade part, and the cooling liquid can be sprayed through the through holes to cool the blade.
  • the invention uses a hard alloy sharp-mouthed thin-lip drill bit to cut the rock layer, reduces the disturbance to the stratum during the core taking process, and ensures the integrity and quality of the core taking.
  • the outer core tube 13 and the outer wall of the outer drilling blade body 1422 are provided with spiral grooves 6.
  • the spiral groove 16 on the outer drilling blade body 1422 is continuous with the spiral groove 16 on the outer core tube 13.
  • the outer core tube 13 provided with a spiral groove 16 on the outer wall is equivalent to a spiral outer drill.
  • the core In operation, as the drill bit 14 is drilled, the core enters the inner core tube 12 and passes through the middle of the core catcher 1. When the core passes through the hard jaw 112, the jaw 112 will be spread; Later, when pulling up, the claw 112 moves upward with the inner core tube 12, because the free end of the claw 112 is retracted, the claw 112 is difficult to be opened by the core at this time, because the core cannot resist the large pulling force and the card With the retracted clamping of the free end of the claw 112, the core is pulled off at the claw 112, and the broken core will continue to ascend with the claw 112 to remain in the inner core tube 12.
  • the flap valve 23 includes a valve seat 236 and a valve flap 237.
  • the valve flap 237 includes an elastic sealing ring 234, an elastic connecting strip 232, a sealing member, and a plurality of locking strips arranged in parallel in sequence 235, the elastic connecting strip 232 connects all the locking strips 235 in series and the elastic sealing ring 234 hoops all the locking strips 235 together to form an integral structure.
  • the locking strip 235 has a clamping groove 231 adapted to the elastic sealing ring, the elastic sealing ring 234 is installed in the clamping groove 231, a seal is provided between two adjacent locking bars 235, one end of the valve flap 23 is movably connected to the upper end of the valve seat 236 through a limiting hinge 233; the valve flap 237 is arc-shaped when not turned down, The valve flap 237 is attached to the outer wall of the inner core barrel 28; when flapped, the valve flap 237 is flat and covers the upper end of the valve seat 236.
  • the inner wall of the outer core barrel 26 is provided with a sealing cavity 239, which is in communication with the inner core barrel 28.
  • the inner core barrel 28 is made of PVC, the inner wall of the inner core barrel 28 is attached with a graphene layer 281, and the upper part of the inner core barrel 28 is filled with a dripping film-forming agent 282.
  • the control part includes an electric heater 2214, a temperature sensor 25, and an electric control valve 226 provided in the pipeline.
  • the temperature sensor 25 is connected to the processing unit 224, and the electric heater 2214 is connected to the power supply 228 through the switch 227.
  • the control valve 226 is controlled by the processing unit 224, the electric heater is used to heat the external core barrel, and the temperature sensor 25 is used to detect the temperature in the fidelity cabin; the electric heater 2214 uses a resistance wire, and the resistance wire is embedded in the external core On the inner wall of the barrel, the resistance wire is coated with an insulating layer, and the power supply 228 of the control part is located on the outer core barrel.
  • the control part also includes a pressure sensor 27, a three-way shut-off valve A2210, two ports of the three-way shut-off valve A2210 are connected to the accumulator 229 and the outer core 26 respectively, and a third port of the three-way shut-off valve A2210 is connected to a pressure relief valve In 2211, the three-way cut-off valve A2210 is an electrically controlled valve.
  • the pressure sensor 27 and the three-way cut-off valve A2210 are connected to the processing unit 224.
  • the pressure sensor 27 is used to detect the pressure in the fidelity cabin.
  • the invention also includes a pressure gauge 2212, which communicates with the outer core barrel through the three-way shut-off valve B213.
  • the temperature in the fidelity cabin is detected in real time by a temperature sensor and compared with the in-situ temperature of the core previously tested. According to the difference between the two temperatures, the electric heater is heated or the electric control valve is opened to inject liquid into the fidelity cabin Nitrogen cools the fidelity compartment so that the temperature in the constant fidelity compartment is the same as the in-situ temperature of the core. 2.
  • the pressure in the fidelity cabin is detected in real time by the pressure sensor and compared with the in-situ pressure of the core previously tested. According to the difference between the two pressures, the on-off of the three-way stop valve A is controlled to make the fidelity cabin The pressure increases to maintain the same pressure as the in-situ pressure of the core. Since the environmental pressure of the fidelity cabin during the lifting process is gradually reduced, the in-situ pressure of the core is greater than the environmental pressure of the fidelity cabin during the lifting process. Measures are sufficient.

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  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

一种岩样保真取芯装置，包括岩芯钻取工具、岩芯样品存储筒和岩芯样品保真舱，岩芯钻取工具包括取芯钻具、捕芯器（11）和内芯管（12），取芯钻具包括外芯管（13）和空心的钻头（14），钻头（14）与外芯管（13）的下端连接；内芯管（12）下端伸向外芯管（13）底部，内芯管（12）与外芯管（13）间隙配合；岩芯样品保真舱包括内取芯筒（28）、外取芯筒（26）和蓄能器（229），外取芯筒（26）套在内取芯筒（28）上，内取芯筒（28）上端连通液氮存储罐（225），液氮存储罐（225）位于外取芯筒（26）内，蓄能器（229）连通外取芯筒（26），外取芯筒（26）设有翻板阀（23）。上述设置有利于岩芯保持其在原位环境下的状态，并且可以提高钻进速度，提高取芯效率。

Description

岩样保真取芯装置 技术领域
本发明涉及油气田勘探领域，尤其涉及岩样保真取芯装置。
背景技术
在油田勘探过程中，岩芯是发现油气层和研究地层、生油层、储油层、盖层、构造等的重要资料，通过对岩芯的观察研究，可以直接地了解地下岩层的岩性、物性和含油、气、水产状特征。油田投入开发后，要通过岩芯进一步研究和认识油层沉积特征，储层的物性、孔隙结构、润湿性、相对渗透率、岩相特征，油层物理模拟和油层水淹规律；认识和掌握不同开发阶段、不同含水阶段油层水淹特征，搞清剩余油分布，为油田开发方案设计，层系、井网调整和加密井提供科学依据。
取岩芯是在钻井过程中使用特殊的取芯工具把地下岩石成块地取到地面上来，这种成块的岩石叫做岩芯，通过它可以测定岩石的各种性质，直观地研究地下构造和岩石沉积环境，了解其中的流体性质等。在矿产勘探和开发过程中，需要按地质设计的地层层位和深度，开展钻进工作，向井内下入取芯工具，钻取出的岩芯样品，并存储在岩芯存储舱中，在设备上升过程中，岩芯存储舱的温度、压力等环境参数会降低，使得岩芯不能保持其在原位环境下的状态。
取芯工具包括取芯钻具和捕芯器，取芯钻具切割进入地层后，用捕芯器将岩芯保持在内筒中，现有的捕芯器只能取软岩，难以取硬岩。此外，现有的取芯钻具的刀片冷却速度慢，刀具的磨损快，刀片的使用寿命短。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种岩样保真取芯装置,有利于岩芯保持其在原位环境下 的状态，并且可以提高钻进速度，提高取芯效率。
为达到上述目的，本发明是采用以下技术方案实现的：
本发明公开的岩样保真取芯装置，包括岩芯钻取工具、岩芯样品存储筒和岩芯样品保真舱，所述岩芯钻取工具包括取芯钻具、捕芯器和内芯管，取芯钻具包括外芯管和空心的钻头，钻头与外芯管的下端连接；所述捕芯器包括环形基体和多个卡爪，环形基体同轴安装在内芯管下端的内壁上，卡爪均匀设置在环形基体上，卡爪下端与环形基体连接，卡爪上端向内收拢；所述内芯管下端伸向外芯管底部，内芯管与外芯管间隙配合；
所述岩芯样品存储筒包括岩芯筒、钻机外筒、翻板阀和触发机构，翻板阀包括阀座和密封阀瓣，阀座同轴安装在钻机外筒内壁上，密封阀瓣一端与阀座上端外侧壁活动连接，阀座顶部有与密封阀瓣匹配的阀口密封面；所述岩芯样品保真舱包括内取芯筒、外取芯筒和蓄能器，所述外取芯筒套在内取芯筒上，所述内取芯筒上端连通液氮存储罐，所述液氮存储罐位于外取芯筒内，所述蓄能器连通外取芯筒，所述外取芯筒设有翻板阀；
进一步的，所述岩芯样品保真舱还包括电加热器、温度传感器、设于内取芯筒与液氮存储罐之间的电控阀、压力传感器、设于蓄能器与外取芯筒之间的三通截止阀A，所述三通截止阀A的两个端口分别连接蓄能器和外取芯筒，三通截止阀A的第三端口连接泄压阀，三通截止阀A为电控阀,所述温度传感器、压力传感器连接处理单元，所述电加热器、电控阀、三通截止阀A均受控于处理单元，所述电加热器用于对外取芯筒内部加热，所述温度传感器用于检测保真舱内的温度，所述压力传感器用于检测保真舱内的压力。
优选的，所述钻头包括用于钻孔的第一级刀片和用于扩孔的第二级刀片,钻头包括内钻头和外钻头，所述内钻头安装在外钻头内，第一级刀片位于内钻头下端，第二级刀片位于外钻头外侧壁上,所述第一级刀片在圆周方向等间隔设有三个，第二级刀片在圆周方向等间隔设有三个,钻头上第一级刀片和第二级刀片处 均设有冷却液回路孔。
优选的，所述外芯管和钻头外壁均设有螺旋槽，钻头上的螺旋槽与外芯管上的螺旋槽连续。
优选的，所述卡爪包括一体制造的竖直臂和倾斜臂，所述竖直臂下端与环形基体连接，竖直臂上端与倾斜臂的下端连接，倾斜臂的上端为自由端，倾斜臂从下往上向内倾斜，倾斜臂的倾斜角为60°。
优选的，所述密封阀瓣包括弹性密封圈、弹性连接条、密封件和多个依次平行排列的锁条，弹性连接条将所有锁条串连并由弹性密封圈将所有锁条箍在一起形成整体结构，锁条上有与弹性密封圈适配的卡槽，弹性密封圈装在卡槽中，相邻两个锁条间设有密封件，阀瓣一端通过限位铰链活动连接在阀座上端；所述阀瓣在未翻下时为弧形，阀瓣与内取芯筒的外壁贴合；阀瓣在翻下时为平面并盖住阀座上端。
进一步的，所述外取芯筒内壁设有密封腔，所述翻板位于密封腔，所述密封腔与内取芯筒连通；所述外取芯筒内壁设有密封圈，所述密封圈位于翻板阀的下方。
优选的，所述电加热器为电阻丝，所述电阻丝嵌装在外取芯筒的内壁，电阻丝涂覆绝缘层。
进一步的，所述内取芯筒的内壁附着石墨烯层。
进一步的，所述内取芯筒上部填充滴水成膜剂。
本发明的有益效果如下：
1、本发明可自动加热和冷却保真舱，有利于岩芯保持其在原位环境下的状态。
2、本发明可自动增压保真舱，有利于岩芯保持其在原位环境下的状态。
3、本发明的翻板机构能够在取芯完成时自动封闭保真舱，结构简单，安全可靠。
4、本发明的石墨烯层能够降低岩芯在PVC管内侧的滑动阻力，同时提高内侧的强度和表面精度，增强热导系数等。
5、本发明的密封腔可以隔绝通过保真腔内的钻井液。
6、本发明设计朝上并向内收拢的机械卡爪，当卡爪下行时，卡爪易被岩芯撑开，从而使岩芯进入内芯筒内；当卡爪上行时，卡爪难以被岩芯撑开，由于岩芯不能抵抗较大的拉力以及卡爪的夹紧作用，岩芯在卡爪处被拉断，断裂的岩芯将随卡爪继续上行从而保持在内筒中；
7、本发明中钻头分为二级刀片，由最下端的刀片首先钻小孔，再由上方的刀片扩孔，可以提高钻进速度，提高取芯效率；
8、本发明在刀片部位均设置通孔作为冷却液回路孔，冷却液可以通过该通孔喷出来冷却刀片，加快刀片的冷却速度，减少刀具的磨损，延长刀片的寿命；
9、在外芯管的外壁设置有与钻头连续的螺旋槽，随着外芯管旋入岩层，外芯管给取芯工具创造一个密闭空间，可防止保真舱被污染。
附图说明
图1是本发明结构示意图；
图2是岩芯钻取工具的结构示意图；
图3是内芯管的结构示意图；
图4是图3中A处的放大图；
图5是捕芯器的三维立体图；
图6是捕芯器的截面图；
图7是取芯钻具的结构示意图；
图8是钻头的结构示意图；
图9是外钻刀体的结构示意图；
图10是内钻刀体的结构示意图；
图11为翻板阀未翻下时的结构示意图；
图12为翻板阀已翻下时的结构示意图；
图13为阀瓣的结构示意图；
图14为密封腔的结构示意图；
图15为内取芯筒的局部剖视图；
图16为本发明的电气原理图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。
本发明公开的岩样保真取芯装置，包括岩芯钻取工具、岩芯样品存储筒和岩芯样品保真舱，如图1所示，岩芯保真舱包括机械部分和控制部分，机械部分包括内取芯筒28、外取芯筒26和蓄能器229，蓄能器229连通外取芯筒，内取芯筒28用于放置岩芯21，外取芯筒26套在内取芯筒26上，内取芯筒28上端连通液氮存储罐225，内取芯筒28与液氮存储罐225之间的连通管道上设有电控阀226，液氮存储罐225位于外取芯筒26内，外取芯筒26设有翻板阀23。
如图2、7所示，岩芯钻取工具包括取芯钻具、捕芯器11和内芯管12，取芯钻具包括外芯管13和空心的钻头14，钻头14与外芯管13的下端连接，捕芯器11设于内芯管12下端的内壁上，内芯管12下端伸向外芯管13底部并与外芯管13间隙配合。
如图5、6所示，捕芯器11包括环形基体111和多个卡爪112，卡爪112均匀设置在环形基体111上，卡爪112下端与环形基体111连接，卡爪112上端向内收拢。卡爪112有8-15个，优选地，卡爪112有12个。卡爪112的个数可根据需要设置，不限于上述个数。
卡爪112包括一体制造的竖直臂1121和倾斜臂1122，竖直臂1121下端与环形基体11连接，竖直臂1121上端与倾斜臂1122的下端连接，倾斜臂1122的上端为自由端，倾斜臂1122从下往上向内倾斜，倾斜臂1122的倾斜度可以根据需 要调整。本实施方式中倾斜臂1122的倾斜角为60°，卡爪112从下往上宽度逐渐变小。
其中，卡爪112的厚度与环形基体111的厚度相等，卡爪112与环形基体111一体制造。环形基体111外套装有环形套17，环形基体111与环形套17固接。内芯管12内壁有石墨烯涂层。如图3、4所示，内芯管12包括岩芯筒121和芯套管122，芯套管122上端套装固定在岩芯筒121的下端，芯套管122内壁有与环形套17适配的环形槽123，环形套17装在环形槽123中，卡爪112的自由端朝向上方。卡爪112自由端朝上并向内收拢，当岩芯从下往上穿过硬质的捕芯器11时卡爪112容易被撑开，反之则难。
钻头14为PCD刀具。如图7、8所示，钻头14包括内钻头141和外钻头142，内钻头141包括第一级刀片1411和空心的内钻刀体1121412。如图10所示，内钻刀体1121412下端有用于安装第一级刀片1411的第一级刀片安装槽1413，第一级刀片安装槽1413开口于内钻刀体1121412的下端面，内钻刀体1121412上第一级刀片安装槽1413处有冷却液回路孔15，该冷却液回路孔15为弧形孔，弧形孔开口于钻头4的前端面并且与第一级刀片安装槽1413连通。内钻刀体1121412上在圆周方向等间隔设有三个第一级刀片安装槽1413，每个第一级刀片安装槽1413处均设有冷却液回路孔15，每个第一级刀片安装槽1413中均安装有第一级刀片1411。
外钻头142包括第二级刀片1421和空心的外钻刀体1422。如图9所示，第二级刀片1421外壁有用于安装第二级刀片1421的第二级刀片安装槽1423，外钻刀体1422上第二级刀片安装槽1423处有冷却液回路孔15，该冷却液回路孔15为条形孔，条形孔与第二级刀片安装槽1423连通。外钻刀体1422上在圆周方向等间隔设有三个第二级刀片安装槽1423，每个第二级刀片安装槽1423处均设有冷却液回路孔15，每个第二级刀片安装槽1423中均安装有第二级刀片1421。
内钻头141安装在外钻头142内，外钻刀体1422上对应第一级刀片1411的 位置有第一级刀片避让缺口1424，第一级刀片避让缺口1424开口于外钻头142的前端面，第一级刀片1411的切削刃从第一级刀片避让缺口1424处外露于外钻刀体1422。
内钻刀体1121412内壁设有密封圈18，密封圈18位于第一级刀片1411上方，利用高弹性的环向密封圈，实现取芯过程中对岩芯的包裹，达到隔离保质效果，达到保湿、保质目标。
本发明中钻头分为二级刀片，由最下端的第一级刀片1411首先钻小孔，再由上方的第二级刀片1421扩孔，可以提高钻进速度。在刀片部位均设置通孔作为冷却液回路孔15，冷却液可以通过该通孔喷出，来冷却刀片。本发明利用硬质合金锐口薄唇钻头切割岩层，减少取芯过程对地层的扰动，保证取芯完整度和质量。
如图2、7、9所示，外芯管13和外钻刀体1422外壁均设有螺旋槽6，外钻刀体1422上的螺旋槽16与外芯管13上的螺旋槽16连续。外壁设置螺旋槽16的外芯管13相当于螺旋外钻，随着外芯管13旋入岩层，外芯管13给取芯工具创造一个密闭空间，密封圈18在取芯过程中对岩芯的包裹，防止保真舱被污染。
工作时，随着钻头14的钻进，岩芯进入内芯管12中并从捕芯器1中间穿过，在岩心穿过硬质的卡爪112时会将卡爪112撑开；停钻后，向上提拉时，卡爪112随内芯管12向上移动，因为卡爪112自由端内收，此时卡爪112难以被岩芯撑开，由于岩芯不能抵抗较大的拉力以及卡爪112自由端的内收夹紧，岩芯在卡爪112处被拉断，断裂的岩芯将随卡爪112继续上行从而保持在内芯管12中。
如图11、图12、图13所示，翻板阀23包括阀座236和阀瓣237，阀瓣237包括弹性密封圈234、弹性连接条232、密封件和多个依次平行排列的锁条235，弹性连接条232将所有锁条235串连并由弹性密封圈234将所有锁条235箍在一起形成整体结构，锁条235上有与弹性密封圈适配的卡槽231，弹性密封圈234装在卡槽231中，相邻两个锁条235间设有密封件，阀瓣23一端通过限位铰链 233活动连接在阀座236上端；阀瓣237在未翻下时为弧形，阀瓣237与内取芯筒28的外壁贴合；阀瓣237在翻下时为平面并盖住阀座236上端。
如图14所示，外取芯筒26内壁设有密封腔239，密封腔239与内取芯筒28连通。
如图15所示，内取芯筒28采用PVC材质，内取芯筒28的内壁附着石墨烯层281，内取芯筒28上部填充滴水成膜剂282。
如图16所示，控制部分包括电加热器2214、温度传感器25和设于管道的电控阀226，温度传感器25连接处理单元224，电加热器2214通过开关227连接电源228，开关227、电控阀226均受控于处理单元224，电加热器用于对外取芯筒内部加热，温度传感器25用于检测保真舱内的温度；电加热器2214采用电阻丝，电阻丝嵌装在外取芯筒的内壁，电阻丝涂覆绝缘层，控制部分的电源228位于外取芯筒上。控制部分还包括压力传感器27、三通截止阀A2210,三通截止阀A2210的其中两个端口分别连接蓄能器229和外取芯筒26，三通截止阀A2210的第三端口连接泄压阀2211，三通截止阀A2210为电控阀，压力传感器27、三通截止阀A2210均连接处理单元224，压力传感器27用于检测保真舱内的压力。
本发明还包括压力表2212，压力表2212通过三通截止阀B213连通外取芯筒。
通过温度传感器实时检测保真舱内的温度，并与在先测试的岩芯原位温度比较，根据两个温度的差异，控制电加热器加热或者控制电控阀打开向保真舱内注入液氮冷却保真舱，从而恒定保真舱内的温度与岩芯原位温度相同。2、通过压力传感器实时检测保真舱内的压力，并与在先测试的岩芯原位压力比较，根据两个压力的差异，控制三通截止阀A的通断，使保真舱内的压力增加从而保持与岩芯原位压力相同，由于保真舱在提升过程中的环境压力是逐步减小的，岩芯原位压力大于保真舱在提升过程中的环境压力，故采用增压措施即可。
当然，本发明还可有其它多种实施例，在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下，熟悉本领域的技术人员可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形，但这些 相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 岩样保真取芯装置，其特征在于：包括岩芯钻取工具、岩芯样品存储筒和岩芯样品保真舱，所述岩芯钻取工具包括取芯钻具、捕芯器和内芯管，取芯钻具包括外芯管和空心的钻头，钻头与外芯管的下端连接；所述捕芯器包括环形基体和多个卡爪，环形基体同轴安装在内芯管下端的内壁上，卡爪均匀设置在环形基体上，卡爪下端与环形基体连接，卡爪上端向内收拢；所述内芯管下端伸向外芯管底部，内芯管与外芯管间隙配合；
    所述岩芯样品存储筒包括岩芯筒、钻机外筒、翻板阀和触发机构，翻板阀包括阀座和密封阀瓣，阀座同轴安装在钻机外筒内壁上，密封阀瓣一端与阀座上端外侧壁活动连接，阀座顶部有与密封阀瓣匹配的阀口密封面；所述岩芯样品保真舱包括内取芯筒、外取芯筒和蓄能器，所述外取芯筒套在内取芯筒上，所述内取芯筒上端连通液氮存储罐，所述液氮存储罐位于外取芯筒内，所述蓄能器连通外取芯筒，所述外取芯筒设有翻板阀。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的岩样保真取芯装置，其特征在于：所述岩芯样品保真舱还包括电加热器、温度传感器、设于内取芯筒与液氮存储罐之间的电控阀、压力传感器、设于蓄能器与外取芯筒之间的三通截止阀A，所述三通截止阀A的两个端口分别连接蓄能器和外取芯筒，三通截止阀A的第三端口连接泄压阀，三通截止阀A为电控阀,所述温度传感器、压力传感器连接处理单元，所述电加热器、电控阀、三通截止阀A均受控于处理单元，所述电加热器用于对外取芯筒内部加热，所述温度传感器用于检测保真舱内的温度，所述压力传感器用于检测保真舱内的压力。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的岩样保真取芯装置，其特征在于：所述钻头包括用于钻孔的第一级刀片和用于扩孔的第二级刀片,钻头包括内钻头和外钻头，所述内钻头安装在外钻头内，第一级刀片位于内钻头下端，第二级刀片位于外钻头外侧壁上,所述第一级刀片在圆周方向等间隔设有三个，第二级刀片在圆周方向等间隔设有三个,钻头上第一级刀片和第二级刀片处均设有冷却液回路孔。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的岩样保真取芯装置，其特征在于：所述外芯管和钻头外壁均设有螺旋槽，钻头上的螺旋槽与外芯管上的螺旋槽连续。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的岩样保真取芯装置，其特征在于：所述卡爪包括一体制造的竖直臂和倾斜臂，所述竖直臂下端与环形基体连接，竖直臂上端与倾斜臂的下端连接，倾斜臂的上端为自由端，倾斜臂从下往上向内倾斜，倾斜臂的倾斜角为60°。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的岩样保真取芯装置，其特征在于：所述密封阀瓣包括弹性密封圈、弹性连接条、密封件和多个依次平行排列的锁条，弹性连接条将所有锁条串连并由弹性密封圈将所有锁条箍在一起形成整体结构，锁条上有与弹性密封圈适配的卡槽，弹性密封圈装在卡槽中，相邻两个锁条间设有密封件，阀瓣一端通过限位铰链活动连接在阀座上端；所述阀瓣在未翻下时为弧形，阀瓣与内取芯筒的外壁贴合；阀瓣在翻下时为平面并盖住阀座上端。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的岩样保真取芯装置，其特征在于：所述外取芯筒内壁设有密封腔，所述翻板位于密封腔，所述密封腔与内取芯筒连通；所述外取芯筒内壁设有密封圈，所述密封圈位于翻板阀的下方。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的岩样保真取芯装置，其特征在于：所述电加热器为电阻丝，所述电阻丝嵌装在外取芯筒的内壁，电阻丝涂覆绝缘层。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的岩样保真取芯装置，其特征在于：所述内取芯筒的内壁附着石墨烯层。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的岩样保真取芯装置，其特征在于：所述内取芯筒上部填充滴水成膜剂。
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