WO2020029438A1 - Véhicule aérien sans pilote - Google Patents

Véhicule aérien sans pilote Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020029438A1
WO2020029438A1 PCT/CN2018/112421 CN2018112421W WO2020029438A1 WO 2020029438 A1 WO2020029438 A1 WO 2020029438A1 CN 2018112421 W CN2018112421 W CN 2018112421W WO 2020029438 A1 WO2020029438 A1 WO 2020029438A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
unit
frequency
antenna
parasitic
radiation unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/112421
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吕超
李栋
魏建平
Original Assignee
深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
Priority to CN201880017076.1A priority Critical patent/CN110914155B/zh
Publication of WO2020029438A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020029438A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D47/00—Equipment not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C27/00—Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
    • B64C27/04—Helicopters
    • B64C27/08—Helicopters with two or more rotors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U10/00—Type of UAV
    • B64U10/10—Rotorcrafts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
    • H01Q1/285—Aircraft wire antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of aircraft, and in particular, to an unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • An unmanned aerial vehicle is a non-manned aircraft operated by a radio remote control device or a remote control device to perform a mission.
  • a radio remote control device or a remote control device to perform a mission.
  • drones have been developed and applied in many fields, such as civil, industrial and military applications.
  • UAVs radiate and receive electromagnetic waves through antennas, enabling wireless communication with radio remote control equipment or remote control devices.
  • the present application is to provide an unmanned aerial vehicle whose antenna can effectively improve the problems of high frequency band nulling and low frequency band radiation direction tilt.
  • a drone which includes: a fuselage; a tripod; and an antenna.
  • the antenna includes: a base plate, which is mounted on the tripod; a radiation unit, which is fixed on the base plate, the radiation unit includes a high-frequency radiation unit and a low-frequency radiation unit, and the electromagnetic waves emitted by the low-frequency radiation unit are higher than the electromagnetic waves excited
  • the frequency of the electromagnetic wave excited by the frequency-radiation unit is low; a parasitic unit is fixed to the substrate with respect to the high-frequency radiation unit; and a reflection unit is separately provided from the substrate, the radiation unit, and the parasitic unit , Reflecting the electromagnetic wave radiated by the low-frequency radiation unit.
  • the radiation unit is located on one side of the substrate, and the parasitic unit is located on an opposite side of the substrate.
  • the distance between the parasitic unit and the radiating unit is greater than 0 and less than or equal to one third of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the high-frequency radiating unit.
  • a distance between the parasitic unit and the radiating unit is less than or equal to a quarter of a wavelength of an electromagnetic wave radiated from the high-frequency radiating unit.
  • the length of the parasitic unit is less than or equal to the length of the high-frequency radiation unit.
  • the length of the parasitic unit is greater than or equal to half of the length of the high-frequency radiation unit.
  • the reflection unit is suspended.
  • the length of the reflection unit is greater than or equal to one half of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the low-frequency radiation unit.
  • the radiating unit includes a radiating unit of a dipole antenna.
  • the drone includes an arm connected to the fuselage, and the reflection unit is located in the arm.
  • the antenna of the drone of the present application includes a parasitic unit and a reflective unit.
  • the parasitic unit is fixed to the substrate relative to the high-frequency radiating unit, which can effectively improve the problem of nulling in the high frequency band. Effectively improve the problem of low-frequency radiation direction tilt.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a drone of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the antenna of the drone shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the antenna and the body of the drone shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of the antenna and the body of the drone shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a radiation pattern diagram of high-frequency electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of an antenna of a drone.
  • FIG. 7 is a side view of the antenna shown in FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 8 is a radiation pattern diagram of high-frequency electromagnetic waves of the antenna shown in FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 9 is a comparative radiation pattern diagram of high-frequency electromagnetic waves of the antenna shown in FIG. 6 and the antenna shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 10 is a radiation pattern diagram of low-frequency electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna shown in FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 11 is a radiation pattern diagram of a low-frequency electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an environment in which the antenna is located.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of an antenna of a drone
  • FIG. 14 is a comparative radiation pattern of low-frequency electromagnetic waves of the antenna shown in FIG. 13 and the antenna shown in FIG. 6.
  • the drone of the embodiment of the present application includes a fuselage, a tripod, and an antenna.
  • the antenna includes a substrate, a radiation unit, a parasitic unit, and a reflection unit.
  • the substrate is mounted on a tripod.
  • the radiation unit is fixed to the substrate.
  • the radiating unit includes a high-frequency radiating unit and a low-frequency radiating unit, and the electromagnetic waves excited by the low-frequency radiating unit have a lower frequency than the electromagnetic waves excited by the high-frequency radiating unit.
  • the parasitic unit is fixed to the substrate with respect to the high-frequency radiation unit.
  • the reflecting unit is separately provided from the substrate, the radiating unit and the parasitic unit, and reflects the electromagnetic waves radiated from the low-frequency radiating unit.
  • the antenna of the drone includes a parasitic unit and a reflective unit.
  • the parasitic unit is fixed to the substrate relative to the high-frequency radiating unit, which can effectively improve the problem of high-frequency nulling.
  • the reflective unit reflects the electromagnetic waves radiated by the low-frequency radiating unit, which can effectively improve The radiation direction of the frequency band is tilted.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a drone 100.
  • the drone 100 may be used for aerial photography, mapping, and monitoring, but is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the drone 100 may also be used in agriculture, express delivery, providing network services, and the like.
  • the drone 100 includes a fuselage 101, a tripod 102, and an antenna (not shown).
  • the drone 100 further includes a boom 103 connected to the fuselage 101.
  • the antenna is located inside the drone 100, so it is not shown in FIG.
  • the drone 100 radiates and receives electromagnetic waves through an antenna, and realizes wireless communication with a radio remote control device or a remote control device.
  • the antenna can receive control signals from a radio remote control device or a remote control device, and can send images taken by the drone to the radio remote control device or the remote control device.
  • the body 101 can carry a load, such as a photographing device 104.
  • the shooting device 104 may be directly mounted on the head of the body 101.
  • the shooting device 104 is mounted on the head of the fuselage 101 through a pan / tilt.
  • the fuselage 101 can carry a load such as a spraying device, and is used for spraying water, pesticides, and the like.
  • the fuselage 101 may carry other loads.
  • the body 101 can be mounted with a battery 105, a controller (not shown), and the like.
  • the battery 105 provides power for the flight of the drone 100, and the controller can control the flight of the drone 100 and the like.
  • the fuselage 101 shown in FIG. 1 is substantially flat and elongated. In other embodiments, the fuselage 101 may have other shapes.
  • the stand 102 is mounted below the arm 103. In other embodiments, the tripod 102 is installed below the body 101. The tripod 102 supports and cushions the UAV 100 during take-off and landing, and prevents the fuselage 101, the arm 103, the load or other components from directly hitting the ground and being damaged.
  • the arm 103 is foldably mounted on the fuselage 101. During take-off, flight, and landing, the arm 103 is extended to extend outside the fuselage 101. When the drone 100 is not in use, the arm 103 can be folded on the side of the fuselage 101 for convenient carrying and storage. The arm 103 can be folded and unfolded automatically or manually. In other embodiments, the machine arm 103 is a fixed machine arm and is fixed to the outside of the fuselage 101.
  • a power component 106 is installed at the end of the arm 103 to drive the drone 100 to fly.
  • the power pack 106 may receive power from the battery 105.
  • the power pack 106 includes a motor 107 and a wing 108.
  • the battery 105 powers the motor 107, which drives the wings 108 to rotate.
  • the wing 108 is a rotor
  • the rotation shaft of the motor 107 is connected to the shaft of the wing 108
  • the motor 107 rotates
  • the motorized wing 108 rotates.
  • the controller can control the rotation speed and steering of the motor 107 to control the rotation of the wing 108, thereby controlling the flight of the drone 100.
  • FIG. 1 is only an example of the drone, and is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the antenna 200.
  • the antenna 200 may radiate high-frequency electromagnetic waves (also referred to as “high-frequency band”, such as 5.8 GHz) and low-frequency electromagnetic waves (or referred to as “low-frequency band”, such as 2.4 GHz).
  • the antenna 200 may be a dual-band antenna or a multi-band antenna.
  • the antenna 200 includes a substrate 210 and a radiation unit 220, and the radiation unit 220 is fixed to the substrate 210.
  • the substrate 210 is mounted on the stand 102 of the drone 100.
  • the substrate 210 may include a PCB board on which a radio frequency chip (not shown) electrically connected to the radiation unit 220 may be mounted.
  • the radio frequency chip is electrically connected to the radiation unit 220 through a feeder, and the radio frequency signal generated by the radio frequency chip is transmitted to the radiation unit 220 through the feeder.
  • the radiating unit 220 receives power from the feeder, and is excited by the feeder to radiate electromagnetic waves.
  • the radiation unit 220 includes a high-frequency radiation unit 221 and a low-frequency radiation unit 222.
  • the electromagnetic waves excited by the low-frequency radiating unit 222 have a lower frequency than the electromagnetic waves excited by the high-frequency radiating unit 221.
  • the high-frequency radiation unit 221 emits a high-frequency electromagnetic wave of 5.8 GHz
  • the low-frequency radiation unit 222 emits a low-frequency electromagnetic wave of 2.4 GHz.
  • the antenna 200 may be a dipole antenna, may be a single dipole antenna, and may be a miniaturized dipole antenna.
  • the radiating unit 220 includes a radiating unit of a dipole antenna.
  • the radiation unit 220 has a symmetrical structure, and the low-frequency radiation unit 222 is connected to the high-frequency radiation unit 221.
  • the high-frequency radiation unit 221 has a pair of back-opened frame shapes, the frame-shaped three sides surround, and the openings are outward.
  • the low-frequency radiation unit 222 has a pair of horn shapes extending outward from the opening, and the horn mouth is outward.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the antenna 200 and the fuselage 101
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view showing the antenna 200 and the fuselage 101.
  • one surface of the fuselage 101 is illustrated in a plane in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, but in practice, the surface of the fuselage 101 may be a plane or a curved surface.
  • the body 101 reflects the electromagnetic waves radiated from the antenna 200, and the body 101 can be regarded as a reflection plate.
  • Electromagnetic wave propagation also has wave transmission characteristics. Electromagnetic waves are vectors, with amplitude and phase, superimposed in phase, and attenuated in opposite phases. When the electromagnetic wave is reflected on the metal body 101, the phase is reversed. When the distance D between the antenna 200 and the surface of the fuselage 101 is 1/4 wavelength, the reflection path is 1/4 wavelength, and the return path of the electromagnetic wave back to the antenna 200 is 1/2 wavelength, with a phase of 180 degrees. When the reflected electromagnetic wave reaches the antenna 200, it is in phase with the electromagnetic wave radiated forward by the antenna 200 at this time. The reflected electromagnetic wave and the electromagnetic wave radiated forward by the antenna 200 are superimposed in phase. Therefore, the radiation efficiency of the antenna 200 is the largest and the gain of the antenna 200 is the largest .
  • the distance D may be the shortest distance from the antenna 200 to the surface of the body 101.
  • the reflection path is 1/2 wavelength
  • the back and forth path is one wavelength
  • the phase is 360 degrees.
  • the reflected electromagnetic wave arrives at the antenna 200, it is opposite to the electromagnetic wave radiated forward by the antenna 200 at this time, and the reflected electromagnetic wave and the electromagnetic wave radiated forward by the antenna 200 are attenuated in the opposite phase.
  • the distance D is larger than 1/4 wavelength and smaller than 1/2 wavelength
  • the radiation pattern of the antenna 200 is gradually split.
  • the distance D is larger than 1/2 wavelength, the interference area of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna 200 increases, and the number of nulls increases.
  • Some dual-frequency antennas or multi-frequency antennas emit large frequency ratios of low-frequency electromagnetic waves and high-frequency electromagnetic waves. For example, the frequency ratio of 5.8GHz high-frequency electromagnetic waves and 2.4GHz low-frequency electromagnetic waves is large.
  • the high-frequency electromagnetic wave has a shorter wavelength, and the distance D between the antenna 200 and the body 101 is longer than the high-frequency electromagnetic wave.
  • the distance D between the antenna 200 and the fuselage 101 is generally greater than one wavelength of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave. At this time, the zero point appears due to the reflection effect of the fuselage 101.
  • FIG. 5 is a radiation pattern diagram of high-frequency electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4.
  • the distance D between the antenna 200 and the body 101 is about twice the wavelength of the high-frequency electromagnetic waves.
  • a solid line indicates a horizontal plane pattern
  • a dotted line indicates a pitch plane pattern. It can be seen from FIG. 5 that in the horizontal plane pattern, there are three zeros from 0 degrees to 90 degrees, and the zero dip is as deep as -15 dB. It can be seen that when the distance D from the antenna 200 to the fuselage 101 is greater than one wavelength of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave, there are many zeros appearing in the high frequency band, the nulls are serious, and the pattern is not round.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the antenna 300
  • FIG. 7 is a side view of the antenna 300.
  • the antenna 300 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is similar to the antenna 200 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2.
  • the antenna 300 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 includes a substrate 310 and a radiating unit 320.
  • the substrate 310 is similar to the substrate 210 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2;
  • the radiation unit 320 is similar to the radiation unit 220 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2;
  • the radiation unit 320 includes a high-frequency radiation unit 321 and a low-frequency radiation unit 322, which are similar to The high-frequency radiation unit 221 and the low-frequency radiation unit 222 are not repeated here.
  • the antenna 300 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 further includes a parasitic unit 330.
  • the parasitic unit 330 is fixed to the substrate 310 with respect to the high-frequency radiation unit 321.
  • the substrate 310, the radiation unit 320, and the parasitic unit 330 are all located in the tripod 102 of the drone 100.
  • the radiation unit 320 emits electromagnetic waves upon being excited, and the parasitic unit 330 generates an induced current, thereby radiating the electromagnetic waves.
  • the parasitic unit 330 reduces the amount of reflection in the high-frequency band, thereby improving the nulling of the high-frequency band and increasing the out-of-roundness of the pattern in the high-frequency band.
  • FIG. 8 is a radiation pattern diagram of high-frequency electromagnetic waves of the antenna 300 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 in the environment shown in FIG. 3.
  • the distance D between the antenna 200 and the body 101 is about twice the wavelength of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave.
  • the solid line indicates the horizontal plane pattern, and the dotted line indicates the elevation plane pattern. It can be seen from FIG. 8 that the deepest nulling is on the order of 1 dB. Compared with the radiation pattern of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave of the antenna 200 without the parasitic unit in FIG. 5, the nulling in FIG. 8 is significantly improved.
  • FIG. 9 shows a comparison radiation pattern of the antenna 300 shown in FIG. 6 with the parasitic unit 320 and the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 2 without the parasitic unit.
  • the solid line is a horizontal plane pattern of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna 300
  • the dotted line is a horizontal plane pattern of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna 200. It can be seen from the figure that the deepest nulling improvement is 13dB. It can be seen that, setting the parasitic unit 330 on the substrate 310 relative to the high-frequency radiating unit 321 can effectively improve the nulling and increase the out-of-roundness of the pattern.
  • the parasitic unit 330 and the radiation unit 320 are both disposed on the substrate 310.
  • the wavelength is short and the distance between the parasitic unit 330 and the radiating unit 320 is very small, that is, the effect of improving the nulling can be achieved. Therefore, the thickness of the substrate 310 can meet the requirement of the distance between the parasitic unit 330 and the radiation unit 320. In this way, the parasitic unit 330 and the radiating unit 320 are both disposed on the substrate 310, which can improve the nulling and is beneficial to the miniaturization of the antenna.
  • the radiation unit 320 is located on one side of the substrate 310, and the parasitic unit 330 is located on the opposite side of the substrate 310.
  • the radiation unit 320 may be fixed to the front surface of the substrate 310, and the parasitic unit 330 may be fixed to the back surface of the substrate 310.
  • the distance between the parasitic unit 330 and the radiating unit 320 is greater than 0 and less than or equal to one third of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the high-frequency radiating unit 321. That is, the distance between the parasitic unit 330 and the high-frequency radiation unit 321 in the thickness direction of the substrate 310 is less than or equal to one-third of the wavelength of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave.
  • the distance between the parasitic unit 330 and the radiation unit 320 is less than or equal to a quarter of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave radiated from the high-frequency radiation unit 321. That is, the distance between the parasitic unit 330 and the radiation unit 320 is less than a quarter of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave.
  • the length L1 of the parasitic unit 330 is less than or equal to the length L2 of the high-frequency radiating unit 321 to prevent the parasitic unit 330 from being too long and weakening the voltage standing wave ratio. In some embodiments, the length L1 of the parasitic unit 330 is greater than or equal to half the length L2 of the high-frequency radiation unit 321 to ensure the effect of improving the nulling. In some embodiments, the projection of the parasitic unit 330 on the front surface of the substrate 310 and the projection of the high-frequency radiation unit 321 on the front surface of the substrate 310 at least partially overlap. In the illustrated embodiment, the parasitic unit 330 is disposed biased to one side of the high-frequency radiation unit 221.
  • FIG. 10 is a radiation pattern diagram of low frequency electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna 300 shown in FIG. 6, and FIG. 11 is a radiation pattern diagram of low frequency electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna 200 without a parasitic unit shown in FIG. 2.
  • the solid line indicates the horizontal plane pattern, and the dotted line indicates the elevation plane pattern.
  • the horizontal plane pattern of the low-frequency electromagnetic waves in FIG. 10 is inclined to one side. After the parasitic unit 330 is provided, the radiation energy of low-frequency electromagnetic waves is radiated toward the parasitic side.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing an environment where the antenna 300 is located.
  • the antenna 300 is located in a tripod 102 below the motor 107, as shown in FIG. 1. Since the antenna 300 is close to the motor 107, the diameter of the motor 107 is close to the 1/4 wavelength of the low-frequency electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna 300, so the motor 107 will guide the low-frequency electromagnetic wave, and the radiation pattern of the low-frequency electromagnetic wave will be guided by the motor 107, causing tilt.
  • the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 2 is placed in the environment shown in FIG. 12, and the radiation pattern of low-frequency electromagnetic waves will also be tilted.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the antenna 400.
  • the antenna 400 is similar to the antenna 300 of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • the antenna 400 includes the substrate 310, the radiating unit 320, and the parasitic unit 330 of the antenna 300 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, which are still denoted by reference numeral 300 in the figure and will not be described again here.
  • the antenna 400 shown in FIG. 13 further includes a reflection unit 440.
  • the reflection unit 440 is disposed separately from the substrate 310, the radiation unit 320, and the parasitic unit 330, and reflects the electromagnetic waves radiated from the low-frequency radiation unit 322.
  • the reflection unit 440 radiates low-frequency electromagnetic waves to improve the problem that the radiation direction of the low-frequency electromagnetic waves is tilted. In some embodiments, the reflection unit 440 is suspended.
  • the tilt characteristics of the pattern can be optimized by adjusting the lateral size and / or length of the reflection unit 440.
  • the length of the reflection unit 440 is greater than or equal to one half of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the low-frequency radiation unit 322. That is, the length of the reflection unit 440 is greater than or equal to 1/2 of the wavelength of the low-frequency electromagnetic wave to ensure the effect of improving the tilt of the pattern.
  • the reflection unit 440 is located in the arm 103 (as shown in FIG. 1), and can use the space in the arm 103.
  • the space in the arm 103 is larger than the space in the stand 102, and the arm 103 can accommodate the reflecting unit 440 with a larger size, so as to better improve the tilt of the pattern.
  • the reflection unit 440 may extend along the inner wall of the arm 103, make full use of the space of the arm 103, and make the lateral size of the reflection unit 440 as large as possible.
  • the length of the reflection unit 440 may be approximately equal to the length of the internal space of the arm 103.
  • FIG. 14 shows a comparative radiation pattern of the low-frequency electromagnetic waves of the antenna 400 with the reflection unit 400 in FIG. 13 and the antenna 300 without the reflection unit in FIG.
  • the length of the reflection unit 440 is 1 ⁇ 2 of the wavelength of the low-frequency electromagnetic wave.
  • the solid line is the elevation plane pattern of the low frequency electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna 400
  • the dotted line is the elevation plane pattern of the low frequency electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna 300. It can be seen from the figure that the beam width of 5dB, the beam of the low-frequency electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna 400 is close to 30deg, and the reflection unit 440 has an obvious effect of improving the tilt of the pattern.
  • the attitude angle of the drone is between +35 degrees and -35 degrees.
  • the drone uses the antenna 400 provided with the reflection unit 440, which can ensure the required range of electromagnetic wave coverage.
  • the antenna 400 is provided with a parasitic unit 330 and a reflection unit 440, which can improve the nulling of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave pattern, and can also improve the tilt problem of the low-frequency electromagnetic wave pattern caused by the parasitic unit 330 and the motor 107, so as to ensure good wireless. Communication to ensure a good user experience.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un véhicule aérien sans pilote (100). Le véhicule aérien sans pilote (100) comprend un fuselage (101), un support de pied (102) et une antenne. L'antenne comprend une base, une unité de rayonnement, une unité parasite et une unité réfléchissante. La base est montée sur le pied (102). L'unité de rayonnement est fixée à la base. L'unité de rayonnement comprend une unité de rayonnement haute fréquence et une unité de rayonnement basse fréquence, et la fréquence des ondes électromagnétiques émises avec excitation par l'unité de rayonnement basse fréquence est inférieure à la fréquence des ondes électromagnétiques émises avec excitation par l'unité de rayonnement haute fréquence. L'unité parasite est fixée à la base opposée à l'unité de rayonnement haute fréquence. L'unité réfléchissante est agencée séparément de la base, de l'unité de rayonnement et de l'unité parasite, et réfléchit les ondes électromagnétiques émises par l'unité de rayonnement basse fréquence.
PCT/CN2018/112421 2018-08-10 2018-10-29 Véhicule aérien sans pilote WO2020029438A1 (fr)

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CN201880017076.1A CN110914155B (zh) 2018-08-10 2018-10-29 无人机

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CN201821290346.XU CN208596783U (zh) 2018-08-10 2018-08-10 无人机
CN201821290346.X 2018-08-10

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CN208596783U (zh) * 2018-08-10 2019-03-12 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 无人机
CN113745848B (zh) * 2020-05-29 2024-03-01 华为技术有限公司 一种天线及使用方法、通信基站
CN112909535A (zh) * 2021-03-30 2021-06-04 深圳市道通智能航空技术股份有限公司 一种无人机外置双频天线及无人机
WO2022241681A1 (fr) * 2021-05-19 2022-11-24 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 Dispositif d'antenne et véhicule aérien sans pilote

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