WO2020007338A1 - 处理测量报文的方法和设备 - Google Patents

处理测量报文的方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020007338A1
WO2020007338A1 PCT/CN2019/094659 CN2019094659W WO2020007338A1 WO 2020007338 A1 WO2020007338 A1 WO 2020007338A1 CN 2019094659 W CN2019094659 W CN 2019094659W WO 2020007338 A1 WO2020007338 A1 WO 2020007338A1
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node device
delay
node
sub
time
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PCT/CN2019/094659
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘硕
王巧灵
谭学飞
董红
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华为技术有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/0055—Synchronisation arrangements determining timing error of reception due to propagation delay
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method and device for processing measurement messages.
  • one-way delay measurement is usually used to effectively detect a one-way problem and to achieve detection such as troubleshooting.
  • service-level agreement specifies one-way delay to ensure the quality of service of many real-time applications (such as voice over IP (VoIP), online transaction services, etc.) QoS).
  • VoIP voice over IP
  • QoS QoS
  • the existing one-way delay measurement relies on clock synchronization at the entire network level.
  • the deployment cost is high and it is not refined enough.
  • the accuracy of the above-mentioned various tests has become an urgent problem.
  • the present application provides a method and a device for processing a measurement message, which can implement more refined delay measurement at a lower cost, thereby improving the accuracy of the foregoing multiple detections.
  • a method for processing a measurement message includes a first node device receiving a measurement message; the first node device entering the first node device according to the measurement message and leaving the station. Updating the measurement message at the exit time of the first node device to obtain an updated measurement message; the first node device sending the updated measurement message to a second node device.
  • the measurement message is updated by the entry time of the message entering the device and the exit time of leaving the device, so that the receiving end device can perform a one-way delay measurement according to the received measurement message.
  • the method in the embodiment of the present application does not need to perform clock synchronization between the transmitting end and the receiving end, thereby avoiding the clock synchronization problem between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the prior art, realizing refined measurement, and thereby improving the accuracy of the foregoing multiple detections.
  • the measurement packet is carried in a service packet; or, the measurement packet is a packet specifically used for measurement.
  • the first node device may be an intermediate node forwarding device.
  • the first node device may be the first intermediate node forwarding device among a plurality of intermediate node forwarding devices between the transmitting end device and the receiving end device, and then receiving the measurement packet by the first node device includes the first node device from The transmitting device receives the measurement message.
  • the first node device may be an intermediate intermediate node forwarding device.
  • the receiving a measurement packet by the first node device includes: receiving, by the first node device, a measurement packet sent by a third node device, where the third node The measurement message sent by the device is determined according to the entry time of the measurement message entering the third node device and the exit time of leaving the third node device, and the third node device is a previous hop of the first node device.
  • Intermediate node forwarding device includes: receiving, by the first node device, a measurement packet sent by a third node device, where the third node The measurement message sent by the device is determined according to the entry time of the measurement message entering the third node device and the exit time of leaving the third node device, and the third node device is a previous hop of the first node device.
  • the measurement packet received by the first node device is based on the entry time and departure of each intermediate node forwarding device before the measurement packet enters the first node device.
  • the exit time of each intermediate node forwarding device is determined.
  • the updated measurement message carries at least one of the following information:
  • the time difference between the node devices before the first node device is the time difference between the exit time of the node device before the measurement message leaves the first node device and the entry time of the node device before entering the first node device. value.
  • the method for processing measurement messages in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various scenarios, for example, used for network one-way delay measurement, used for network fault tracking and positioning, used for network device status monitoring, or used for In scenarios such as network management visualization, the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • the following uses a scenario for one-way delay measurement as an example to describe a specific solution for a first node device to update a measurement message in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the measurement message carries delay information
  • the delay information is used to measure a one-way delay
  • the one-way delay is a message sent by a sending device The time interval until the receiving end receives the message
  • the one-way delay includes an internal delay of the device and a link delay, wherein the internal delay of the device includes a sub-internal delay of each intermediate node forwarding device, and the sub-internal delay of an intermediate node forwarding device is the one The time difference between the exit time and the entry time corresponding to the intermediate node forwarding device.
  • the link delay includes the delay of the link between the sending end and the receiving end.
  • the link delay includes all the intermediate node forwarding devices and the receiving end.
  • the delay of the sub-link corresponding to each node device in the device, wherein the delay of the sub-link corresponding to a node device includes the delay of a direct link between the one-node device and its previous hop node device.
  • the delay information in the measurement message may have multiple forms.
  • the following describes the specific form of the update message of the first node device in the implementation of the present application according to the different forms of the delay information. Program.
  • the delay information in the measurement packet received by the first node device includes the sub-internal delay of each intermediate node forwarding device before the first node device Cumulative sum
  • the updating of the measurement packet by the first node device according to an entry time when the measurement packet enters the first node device and an exit time from the first node device, and obtaining the updated measurement message includes:
  • the delay information Updating, by the first node device, the delay information according to a sub-internal delay of the first node device to obtain the updated measurement message, wherein the updated delay information includes the first node device And the cumulative sum of the sub-internal delays of each intermediate node forwarding device before the first node device.
  • the delay information in the measurement message received by the first node device includes the accumulated internal delays of the sub-nodes of each intermediate node forwarding device before the third node device. And an exit time and an entry time corresponding to the third node device, where the third node device is a previous hop intermediate node forwarding device of the first node device;
  • the updating of the measurement packet by the first node device according to an entry time when the measurement packet enters the first node device and an exit time from the first node device, and obtaining the updated measurement message includes:
  • the subsequent delay information includes the cumulative sum of the sub-internal delays of the forwarding devices of each intermediate node before the first node device, and the exit time and entry time corresponding to the first node device.
  • the delay information in the measurement packet received by the first node device includes the sub-internal delay of each intermediate node forwarding device before the third node device The cumulative sum of the sub-link delays corresponding to the intermediate node forwarding devices before the first node device, and the exit time and entry time corresponding to the third node device, where the third node device is the first A previous hop intermediate node forwarding device of a node device;
  • the updating of the measurement packet by the first node device according to an entry time when the measurement packet enters the first node device and an exit time from the first node device, and obtaining the updated measurement message includes:
  • the first node device Updating, by the first node device, the time according to a sub-internal delay of the third node device, a sub-link delay corresponding to the first node device, and an exit time and an entry time corresponding to the first node device Delay information to obtain an updated measurement message, where the updated delay information includes the sub-internal delay of each intermediate node forwarding device before the first node device, the first node, and the first node Each intermediate node in front of the device forwards the accumulated sum of the sub-link delays corresponding to the device, and the egress time and ingress time corresponding to the first node device.
  • the delay information in the measurement message received by the first node device includes an exit time and a corresponding exit time of each intermediate node forwarding device before the first node device. Entrance time
  • the updating of the delay information by the first node device according to an entry time when the measurement packet enters the first node device and an exit time when the first node device leaves the measurement node includes:
  • the delay information Updating, by the first node device, the delay information according to an entry time when the measurement packet enters the first node device and an exit time when the first node device leaves the first node device, wherein the updated delay information includes the first The exit time and entry time corresponding to a node device and each intermediate node forwarding device before the first node device.
  • the measurement message further includes time unit information corresponding to an entry time and an exit time in the delay information.
  • the measurement message further includes time unit information corresponding to an exit time and an entry time corresponding to each intermediate node forwarding device in the delay information.
  • the measurement message further includes maximum hop information and cumulative hop information transmitted from the measurement message to the first node device.
  • the intermediate node forwarding device needs to calculate its own sub-internal delay. Because the intermediate node device needs to stamp the exit timestamp before it can pass the network processor (NP ) Calculate its own sub-internal delay, which leads to the need for precision compensation of the measured value. However, the number of bits in the measurement message in Case 1 is smaller than the number of bits in the measurement message in the other three cases, which can save network resources.
  • the next-hop node device calculates the sub-internal delay of the previous-hop node device, which can implement timestamping on the media access control (MAC) side, which can improve the measurement of one-way delay. Precision.
  • the number of bits in Case 2 and Case 3 is larger than Case 1, and less than Case 3.
  • the intermediate node device only needs to set its own timestamp and does not need to perform calculations. Therefore, the capability requirements of the intermediate node device are relatively low, no modification of the existing forwarding device is required, and it can be compatible with the existing forwarding device. In cases 1 to 3, the intermediate node device is required to have a certain computing capacity.
  • the time stamp unit field may be omitted from the measurement messages in the second case to the fourth case.
  • a method for processing a measurement message includes a second node device receiving a measurement message sent by a first node device, where the measurement message enters the first node device according to the measurement message. And the exit time of the first node device is determined; the second node device performs measurement processing according to the measurement packet.
  • the measurement message is updated by the entry time of the message entering the device and the exit time of leaving the device, so that the receiving end device can perform a one-way delay measurement according to the received measurement message.
  • the method in the embodiment of the present application does not need to perform clock synchronization between the transmitting end and the receiving end, thereby avoiding clock synchronization between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the prior art, and can improve detection in many aspects (for example, fault detection, QoS detection, etc.). accuracy.
  • the execution subject of the second aspect is the second node device
  • the execution subject of the first aspect is the first node device
  • the method of the second aspect corresponds to the method of the first aspect.
  • the measurement packet received by the second node device is based on the entry time of each intermediate node forwarding device before leaving the measurement packet and leaving the device according to the measurement packet.
  • the exit time of each intermediate node forwarding device is determined.
  • the measurement packet carries at least one of the following information:
  • the time difference between the node devices before the first node device is the time difference between the exit time of the node device before the measurement message leaves the first node device and the entry time of the node device before entering the first node device. value.
  • the second node device is a next hop node device of the first node device, and the second node device may be an intermediate node forwarding device or a receiving end device.
  • the actions performed by the second node device are similar to those performed by the first node device. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein again.
  • the second node device When the second node device is a receiving end device, the second node device (that is, the receiving end device) performs a specific process of measurement processing according to the measurement message. For example, one-way delay measurement, network fault tracking and location, network equipment status monitoring, or network management visualization can be performed.
  • the following uses the one-way delay measurement as an example to describe the measurement processing performed by the second node device (that is, the receiving end device) after receiving the measurement packet.
  • the measurement message carries delay information, and the delay information is used to measure a one-way delay.
  • the one-way delay is for a sending device to send a message to The time interval at which the receiver receives the message;
  • the one-way delay includes an internal delay of the device and a link delay, wherein the internal delay of the device includes a sub-internal delay of each intermediate node forwarding device, and the sub-internal delay of an intermediate node forwarding device is the one The time difference between the exit time and the entry time corresponding to the intermediate node forwarding device.
  • the link delay includes the delay of the link between the sending end and the receiving end.
  • the link delay includes all the intermediate node forwarding devices and the receiving end.
  • the delay of the sub-link corresponding to each node device in the device, wherein the delay of the sub-link corresponding to a node device includes the delay of a direct link between the one-node device and its previous hop node device.
  • the second node device is a receiving end device, and the second node device performs measurement processing according to the measurement packet, including: the second node device performs The measurement message determines the one-way delay.
  • the following describes the specific scheme of the receiving device for determining the one-way delay according to the situation.
  • the delay information includes a cumulative sum of sub-internal delays of each intermediate node forwarding device before the second node device;
  • the determining, by the second node device, the one-way delay according to the measurement packet includes:
  • the second node device accumulates and determines the sub-internal delay as the internal delay of the device, and determines the sum of the internal delay and the link delay as the one-way delay.
  • the delay information includes a sum of sub-internal delays of forwarding devices of each intermediate node before the first node device and an exit time corresponding to the first node device. And entrance time;
  • the determining, by the second node device, the one-way delay according to the measurement packet includes:
  • the second node device Determining, by the second node device, the sum of the sub-internal delay of each intermediate node forwarding device before the first node device and the sum of the sub-internal delay of the first node device as the internal delay of the device, The sum of the internal delay of the device and the link delay is determined as the one-way delay.
  • the delay information includes a sub-internal delay of each intermediate node forwarding device before the first node device and each intermediate node forwarding before the second node device The cumulative sum of the sub-link delays corresponding to the devices, and the egress time and the ingress time corresponding to the first node device;
  • the determining, by the second node device, the one-way delay according to the measurement packet includes:
  • the delay information includes an exit time and an entry time corresponding to each intermediate node forwarding device before the second node device;
  • the determining, by the second node device, the one-way delay according to the measurement packet includes:
  • Determining, by the second node device, a sum of sub-internal delays of the forwarding devices of each intermediate node as the internal delay of the device, and determining a sum of the internal delay of the device and the link delay as The one-way delay is described.
  • the measurement message further includes time unit information corresponding to an entry time and an exit time in the delay information.
  • the measurement message further includes time unit information corresponding to an exit time and an entry time corresponding to each intermediate node forwarding device in the delay information.
  • the measurement message further includes maximum hop information and cumulative hop information transmitted from the measurement message to the first node device.
  • the measurement packet is carried in a service packet; or the measurement packet is a packet specifically used for measurement.
  • a first node device including each module or unit for performing the first aspect or the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the first node device is an intermediate node forwarding device.
  • a second node device including each module or unit for performing the method in the second aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the second aspect.
  • the second node device is an intermediate node device or a receiving end device.
  • a first node device including a transceiver, a processor, and a memory.
  • the processor is used to control the transceiver to send and receive signals
  • the memory is used to store a computer program
  • the processor is used to call and run the computer program from the memory, so that the device executes the method in the first aspect and its possible implementation.
  • the first node device is an intermediate node forwarding device.
  • a second node device including a transceiver, a processor, and a memory.
  • the processor is used to control the transceiver to send and receive signals
  • the memory is used to store a computer program
  • the processor is used to call and run the computer program from the memory, so that the communication device performs the method in the second aspect and its possible implementation.
  • the second node device is an intermediate node device or a receiving end device.
  • a computer-readable medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a computer, the first aspect or the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect is implemented.
  • a computer-readable medium having stored thereon a computer program that, when executed by a computer, implements the third aspect or the method in any one of the possible implementation manners of the third aspect.
  • a computer program product is provided, and when the computer program product is executed by a computer, the first aspect or the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect is implemented.
  • a computer program product is provided, and when the computer program product is executed by a computer, the second aspect or the method in any possible implementation manner of the second aspect is implemented.
  • a processing device including a processor.
  • the method in any one of the foregoing first aspect to the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first to the second aspect is executed by the processor.
  • the processor may be Dedicated processor.
  • the processing apparatus may further include a memory, and the memory stores code, and the processor executes the code in the memory to execute any one of the foregoing first to second aspects or the first to second aspects.
  • the processor may be a general purpose processor.
  • sending a measurement message may be a process of outputting a measurement message from a processor
  • receiving a measurement message may be a process of receiving an input measurement by the processor.
  • the processed output data can be output to the transmitter, and the input data received by the processor can come from the receiver.
  • the transmitter and the receiver may be collectively referred to as a transceiver.
  • the processing device in the eleventh aspect may be a chip, and the processor may be implemented by hardware or software.
  • the processor may be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, or the like.
  • the processor may be a general-purpose processor, which is implemented by reading software codes stored in a memory, and the memory may be integrated in the processor, may be located outside the processor, and exist independently.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a computer network applicable in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional one-way delay measurement method.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for processing a measurement message according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a method for measuring a one-way delay according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a measurement message structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of time stamping according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a measurement message according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of time stamping according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a measurement message according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a measurement message according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart of a method for measuring a one-way delay according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of a method for measuring a one-way delay according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic flowchart of a method for measuring a one-way delay according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic flowchart of a method for measuring a one-way delay according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a first node device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a first node device according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a second node device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a second node device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application may be applied to a computer network that needs to forward packets by a forwarding device, for example, the computer network may be a packet switched network.
  • the packet-switched network includes, but is not limited to, the following networks: campus network, data center (DC) network ...
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a computer network applicable in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the computer network includes a sending end device 101, at least one intermediate node forwarding device (also referred to as a forwarding device) 102, and a receiving end device 103. .
  • the sending end 101 and the receiving end device 103 communicate in a computer network
  • the message sent by the sending end device 101 needs to be forwarded by at least one intermediate node forwarding device 102 to reach the receiving end device 103.
  • the sending-end device 101 and the receiving-end device 103 in the embodiment of the present application may be interchanged.
  • the sending-end device 101 and the receiving-end device 103 may be the same type of device or different types of devices, for example, the sending-end device 101 and / Or the receiving-end device 103 may refer to a user equipment or a server capable of accessing a network.
  • the user equipment may also be referred to as a terminal device.
  • the user equipment may be a cellular phone, a personal computer, a personal digital processing (PDA), a handheld device, a computing device, a vehicle-mounted device, or a wearable device.
  • PDA personal digital processing
  • the server may include equipment providing various services, for example, it may be a data center, a network center, or a control center.
  • the intermediate node forwarding device 102 may be a router or switch having a forwarding function, or the intermediate node forwarding device may also be a user equipment or a server having a forwarding function, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • a clock synchronization protocol such as network time protocol (NTP), precise clock synchronization protocol, etc.
  • NTP network time protocol
  • PTP also known as IEEE 1588v2
  • a high-precision reference clock source such as GPS
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for processing a measurement message.
  • the measurement message is updated by measuring the entry time of the message entering the device and the exit time of leaving the device, so that the receiving device
  • the measurement processing is performed according to the received measurement message, so that the above-mentioned multiple detection requirements can be realized.
  • the method in the embodiment of the present application does not need to perform clock synchronization between the transmitting end and the receiving end, thereby avoiding the clock synchronization problem between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the prior art, and can improve the accuracy of the foregoing multiple detections.
  • Ingress time indicates the time when a measurement packet enters the device. It can be a hardware timestamp on the MAC side of the device or a software timestamp on the NP side of the device.
  • Exit time indicates the time when the measurement packet leaves the device.
  • the egress time may be a hardware timestamp on the egress MAC side of the device, or the egress time may be a software timestamp on the egress NP side of the device.
  • the node device can be a sending device, an intermediate node forwarding device, or a receiving device.
  • Intermediate node forwarding device It can also be called an intermediate device or a forwarding device.
  • the intermediate node forwarding device is the device on the link through which the sending device sends packets to the receiving device.
  • One-way delay the time from when the message is sent by the sender to when it is received by the receiver.
  • the one-way delay may include an internal delay of the device and a link delay; optionally, the one-way delay may further include a compensation delay.
  • the one-way delay may include an internal delay of the device and a link delay; optionally, the one-way delay may further include a compensation delay.
  • FIG. 3 a method for processing a measurement message according to an embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to FIG. 3. Specifically, the method shown in FIG. 3 includes:
  • the first node device receives a measurement message.
  • the measurement message may be a message dedicated to measurement or a message carried in a service message, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the first node device may be an intermediate node device.
  • the first node device may be the first intermediate node forwarding device among a plurality of intermediate node forwarding devices between the transmitting end device and the receiving end device, and then receiving the measurement packet by the first node device includes the first node device from The transmitting device receives the measurement message.
  • the first node device may be an intermediate intermediate node forwarding device.
  • receiving the measurement packet by the first node device includes receiving, by the first node device, a measurement packet sent by a third node device.
  • the measurement message sent by the node device is determined according to the entry time of the measurement message entering the third node device and the exit time of leaving the third node device.
  • the third node device is the previous one of the first node device. Jump the intermediate node forwarding device.
  • the measurement packet received by the first node device is before the measurement packet enters the first node device.
  • the entry time of the forwarding device of each intermediate node and the exit time from the forwarding device of each intermediate node are determined. For the specific content of the measurement message, refer to the description in 330 below, which is not repeated here.
  • the first node device updates the measurement message according to an entry time when the measurement message enters the first node device and an exit time when it leaves the first node device, to obtain an updated measurement message.
  • the updated measurement message carries at least one of the following information: the exit time of the measurement message leaving the first node device and the entry time of entering the first node device.
  • the time difference between the node devices before the first node device is the time difference between the exit time of the node device before the measurement message leaves the first node device and the entry time of the node device before entering the first node device. value.
  • the method for processing measurement messages in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various scenarios, for example, used for network one-way delay measurement, used for network fault tracking and positioning, used for network device status monitoring, or used for In scenarios such as network management visualization, the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • the following content uses the scenario for one-way delay measurement as an example to describe the specific scheme for the first node device to update the measurement message in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the one-way delay is the time interval between the sending device and the receiving device to receive the message.
  • the one-way delay includes an internal delay of the device and a link delay, wherein the internal delay of the device is a cumulative intermediate node forwarding internal delay of the device, and the link delay is End-to-end link propagation delay.
  • the link propagation delay is related to the distance from the transmitting end to the receiving end, which can be obtained by dividing the line length by the propagation speed.
  • the internal delay of the device includes a sub-internal delay of each intermediate node forwarding device, and a sub-internal delay of an intermediate node forwarding device is an exit corresponding to the intermediate node forwarding device.
  • the link delay includes the delay of the link between the sending end and the receiving end, and the link delay includes all intermediate node forwarding devices and corresponding nodes in the receiving device.
  • Sublink delay, where the sublink delay corresponding to a node device includes the delay of a direct link between the one node device and its previous hop node device.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can decompose the one-way delay ⁇ into a link delay T link and an internal delay ⁇ of the device, namely:
  • the sublink delay from the transmitting end to the first forwarding device is recorded as T 0 .
  • the link delay is constant.
  • the timestamps t i i and t e i are respectively marked on the ingress and egress sides (for example, the ingress and egress MAC sides) of the i- th forwarding device.
  • the internal delay ⁇ i (t e i -t i i ) * U i , U i is a time stamp unit of the i-th forwarding device. Then, the cumulative internal delay of the n forwarding devices on the path is
  • the one-way delay of an end-to-end path can be determined and calculated by formulas (1) to (3).
  • the transmission delay of the message is not considered in the above formula (1).
  • the embodiment of the present application can compensate the value of the one-way delay formula (1) T trans numerically, that is, according to the following formula (4) Determine the one-way delay.
  • T trans is a compensation amount, which can be used to compensate the above-mentioned various transmission delays. Specifically, T trans can be used to compensate for some or all of the following delays: the output transmission delay at the host end of the sender, the input transmission delay at the entry of each intermediate node and the output at the exit Transmission delay, and input transmission delay at the host end of the receiving end.
  • T trans may be determined by the receiving device according to the performance parameters of the device (at least one of the transmitting device, the intermediate node forwarding device, and the receiving device) (for example, the packet size may be divided by the ingress or egress bandwidth) Calculated), the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • a one-way delay may be determined according to formula (4).
  • the measurement message carries delay information, and the delay information is used to measure a one-way delay.
  • the delay information in the measurement message may have multiple forms.
  • the following describes the specific form of the update message of the first node device in the implementation of the present application according to the different forms of the delay information. Program.
  • the delay information in the measurement message received by the first node device includes the cumulative sum of the sub-internal delays of the forwarding devices of each intermediate node before the first node device;
  • the updating of the measurement packet by the first node device according to an entry time when the measurement packet enters the first node device and an exit time from the first node device, and obtaining the updated measurement message includes:
  • the delay information Updating, by the first node device, the delay information according to a sub-internal delay of the first node device to obtain the updated measurement message, wherein the updated delay information includes the first node device And the cumulative sum of the sub-internal delays of each intermediate node forwarding device before the first node device.
  • the measurement message further includes maximum hop information and cumulative hop information transmitted to the first node device by the measurement message.
  • FIG. 5 shows fields in a measurement message in the embodiment of the present application. Specifically, these fields may be encapsulated in a message header of the measurement message.
  • the message format shown in Figure 5 can be encapsulated by any encapsulation method that can provide sufficient space to carry the delay information.
  • the option field provides 40 bytes (320 bits) of space. Can be used to carry delay information.
  • fields in the measurement message in the embodiment of the present application may also be encapsulated in a payload, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • Figure 5 shows the required fields and their format in the measurement message in case 1.
  • the measurement message shown in Figure 5 uses a 32-bit alignment format.
  • the data size and the size of each field shown in FIG. 5 may be changed according to actual application requirements, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the measurement message shown in FIG. 5 may include a 1-bit flag bit field (E (1)), an 8-bit maximum hop field (MaxHop (8bits)), and an 8-bit total hop field (TotalHop (8bits)), a 15-bit reserved bit field (Rsvd (15bits)), and a cumulative sum of internal sub-latencies (HopsLatencySum (32bits)) of a 32-bit intermediate node forwarding device.
  • E (1) 1-bit flag bit field
  • MaxHop (8bits) 8-bit maximum hop field
  • TotalHop (8bits) 8-bit total hop field
  • Rsvd 15-bit reserved bit field
  • HopsLatencySum 32bits
  • Flag bit E (1 bit): Set to 1 when the packet reaches the maximum hop limit; otherwise, set to 0.
  • the flag bit is 1, the intermediate node forwarding device cannot write its own delay information into the measurement message, that is, the delay information is no longer updated.
  • the maximum number of hops can be regarded as the maximum number of normal forwarding. Therefore, when the flag is set to 1, it indicates that there is an abnormality, and the intermediate node forwarding device does not need to update the delay information.
  • TotalHop indicates the total number of hops traversed along the road. When TotalHop is equal to MaxHop, the flag bit E is set to 1.
  • HopsLatencySum (32bits): It represents the cumulative sum of the sub-internal delays of all intermediate node forwarding devices passing along the current path. When the current intermediate node forwarding device is the last intermediate node forwarding device, the cumulative sum is the internal delay of the device. .
  • the first node device sets a timestamp t i i on the ingress network processor (NP) side.
  • the first node device updates the total hops field, that is, the value of the total hops is increased by 1, and when the updated total hops are not equal to the maximum hops,
  • the foregoing process does not consider the transmission delay situation inside the device.
  • the embodiment of the present application may also compensate for the time stamp.
  • the first node device timestamps t i i on the ingress NP side.
  • MAC media access control
  • a fixed offset correction is performed on t i i to obtain the entry MAC side timestamp t i i - ⁇ i i .
  • the first node device updates the total hops field, that is, the value of the total hops is increased by 1, and when the updated total hops are not equal to the maximum hops,
  • correction value ⁇ e i in the embodiment of the present application may include at least one of the following times: the delay between the NP and the MAC at the exit, and the time when the NP calculates ⁇ i and updates ⁇ .
  • the delay information in the measurement message received by the first node device includes the sum of the sub-internal delays of each intermediate node forwarding device before the third node device, and the exit time and entry time corresponding to the third node device.
  • the third node device is a previous-hop intermediate node forwarding device of the first node device;
  • the updating of the measurement packet by the first node device according to an entry time when the measurement packet enters the first node device and an exit time from the first node device, and obtaining the updated measurement message includes:
  • the subsequent delay information includes the cumulative sum of the sub-internal delays of the forwarding devices of each intermediate node before the first node device, and the exit time and entry time corresponding to the first node device.
  • the measurement message further includes maximum hop information and cumulative hop information transmitted to the first node device by the measurement message.
  • the measurement message further includes time unit information corresponding to an entry time and an exit time in the delay information.
  • FIG. 7 shows fields in a measurement message in the embodiment of the present application. Specifically, these fields may be encapsulated in a message header of the measurement message.
  • the option field provides 40 bytes (320 bits) of space, which can be used to carry the delay information.
  • fields in the measurement message in the embodiment of the present application may also be encapsulated in a payload, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • Figure 7 shows the required fields and their format in the measurement message in case 2.
  • the measurement message shown in Figure 7 uses a 32-bit alignment format.
  • the data size and the size of each field shown in FIG. 7 may be changed according to actual application requirements, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the measurement message shown in FIG. 7 may include a 1-bit flag bit field (E (1)), an 8-bit maximum hops field (MaxHop (8bits)), and an 8-bit total hops field (TotalHop (8bits)), 8-bit time stamp unit (TsUnit (8bits)) of the previous hop network node device, 7-bit reserved bit field (Rsvd (7bits)), 32-bit previous hop network node device entrance MAC side Timestamp (TSin (32bits)), 32-bit last-hop network node device exit MAC-side timestamp (TSout (32bits)), and 32-bit intermediate node forwarding device's sub-internal delay accumulated sum (HopsLatencySum (32bits) ).
  • Flag bit E (1 bit): Set to 1 when the packet reaches the maximum hop limit; otherwise, set to 0.
  • the flag bit is 1, the intermediate node forwarding device cannot write its own delay information into the measurement message, that is, the delay information is no longer updated.
  • the maximum number of hops can be regarded as the maximum number of normal forwarding. Therefore, when the flag is set to 1, it indicates that there is an abnormality, and the intermediate node forwarding device does not need to update the delay information.
  • TotalHop indicates the total number of hops traversed along the road. When TotalHop is equal to MaxHop, the flag bit E is set to 1.
  • TsUnit indicates the timestamp unit of the last hop network node device.
  • TSin 32bits: indicates the MAC-side timestamp of the last-hop network node device entry.
  • TSout (32bits): indicates the MAC-side timestamp of the last-hop network node device.
  • HopsLatencySum (32bits): It represents the cumulative sum of the sub-internal delays of all intermediate node forwarding devices passing along the current path. When the current intermediate node forwarding device is the last intermediate node forwarding device, the cumulative sum is the internal delay of the device. .
  • the first node device sets a timestamp t i i on the ingress MAC side.
  • the first node device updates the total hops field, that is, the value of the total hops is increased by 1, and when the updated total hops are not equal to the maximum hops, the first The node device reads the TSin field in the message to get the ingress timestamp t i i-1 of the hop device (ie, the third node device), and the TSout field gets the egress timestamp t e i-1 of the hop device, and the TsUnit field
  • the delay information in the measurement message received by the first node device includes a sub-internal delay of each intermediate node forwarding device before the third node device and each intermediate node forwarding device before the first node device.
  • the updating of the measurement packet by the first node device according to an entry time when the measurement packet enters the first node device and an exit time from the first node device, and obtaining the updated measurement message includes:
  • the first node device Updating, by the first node device, the time according to a sub-internal delay of the third node device, a sub-link delay corresponding to the first node device, and an exit time and an entry time corresponding to the first node device Delay information to obtain an updated measurement message, where the updated delay information includes the sub-internal delay of each intermediate node forwarding device before the first node device, the first node, and the first node Each intermediate node in front of the device forwards the accumulated sum of the sub-link delays corresponding to the device, and the egress time and ingress time corresponding to the first node device.
  • the measurement message further includes maximum hop information and cumulative hop information transmitted to the first node device by the measurement message.
  • the measurement message further includes time unit information corresponding to an entry time and an exit time in the delay information.
  • FIG. 9 shows fields in a measurement message in the embodiment of the present application. Specifically, these fields can be encapsulated in a message header of the measurement message.
  • the option field provides 40 bytes (320 bits) of space, which can be used to carry the delay information.
  • fields in the measurement message in the embodiment of the present application may also be encapsulated in a payload, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • Figure 9 shows the required fields and their format in the measurement message in case 3.
  • the message shown in Figure 9 uses a 32-bit aligned format.
  • the data size and the size of each field shown in FIG. 9 may be changed according to actual application requirements, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the measurement message shown in FIG. 9 may include a 1-bit flag bit field (E (1)), an 8-bit maximum hop count field (MaxHop (8bits)), and an 8-bit total hop count field (TotalHop (8bits)), 8-bit timestamp unit (TsUnit (8bits)) of the previous hop network node device, 7-bit reserved bit field (Rsvd. (7bits)), 32-bit previous-hop network node device entry MAC Side timestamp (TSin (32bits)), 32-bit last-hop network node device exit MAC side timestamp (TSout (32bits)) and 32-bit accumulated delay (DelaySum (32bits)).
  • Flag bit E (1 bit): Set to 1 when the packet reaches the maximum hop limit; otherwise, set to 0.
  • the flag bit is 1, the intermediate node forwarding device cannot write its own delay information into the measurement message, that is, the delay information is no longer updated.
  • the maximum number of hops can be regarded as the maximum number of normal forwarding. Therefore, when the flag is set to 1, it indicates that there is an abnormality, and the intermediate node forwarding device does not need to update the delay information.
  • TotalHop indicates the total number of hops traversed along the road. When TotalHop is equal to MaxHop, the flag bit E is set to 1.
  • TsUnit The unit of time stamp of the last hop network node device.
  • TSin 32bits: MAC-side timestamp of the last-hop network node device entry.
  • TSout (32bits): The MAC-side timestamp of the last-hop network node device.
  • DelaySum (32bits): Different from the accumulated internal delay of the network node device in FIG. 7, this field contains the sub-internal delay of each intermediate node forwarding device before the third node device and the delay before the first node device. The cumulative sum of the sublink delays corresponding to the forwarding devices of each intermediate node is recorded as ⁇ .
  • the first node device sets a timestamp t i i on the ingress MAC side.
  • the delay information in the measurement message received by the first node device includes an exit time and an entry time corresponding to each intermediate node forwarding device before the first node device;
  • the updating of the delay information by the first node device according to an entry time when the measurement packet enters the first node device and an exit time when the first node device leaves the measurement node includes:
  • the delay information Updating, by the first node device, the delay information according to an entry time when the measurement packet enters the first node device and an exit time when the first node device leaves the first node device, wherein the updated delay information includes the first The exit time and entry time corresponding to a node device and each intermediate node forwarding device before the first node device.
  • the measurement message further includes maximum hop information and cumulative hop information transmitted to the first node device by the measurement message.
  • the measurement message further includes time unit information corresponding to an exit time and an entry time corresponding to each intermediate node forwarding device in the delay information.
  • FIG. 10 shows fields in a measurement message in the embodiment of the present application. Specifically, these fields may be encapsulated in a message header of the measurement message.
  • the option field provides 40 bytes (320 bits) of space, which can be used to carry the delay information.
  • fields in the measurement message in the embodiment of the present application may also be encapsulated in a payload, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • Figure 10 shows the required fields and their format in the measurement message in Case 4.
  • the message shown in Figure 10 uses a 32-bit alignment format.
  • the data size and the size of each field shown in FIG. 10 may be changed according to actual application requirements, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the measurement message shown in FIG. 10 may include a 1-bit flag bit field (E (1)), an 8-bit maximum hop field (MaxHop (8bits)), and an 8-bit total hop field (TotalHop (8bits)), a 15-bit reserved bit field (Rsvd.
  • E (1) 1-bit flag bit field
  • MaxHop (8bits) 8-bit maximum hop field
  • TotalHop (8bits) 8-bit total hop field
  • Rsvd 15-bit reserved bit field
  • a 32-bit time stamp unit of the n-th hop network node device i.e., the first node device (TsUnit of hop (32bits)
  • 32 Bit-time nth hop network node device entry MAC-side timestamp TSin of hop (32bits)
  • 32-bit n-th hop network node device exit MAC-side timestamp TSout of hop (32bits)
  • 32 Timestamp unit TsUnit of hop1 (32bits)) of the first-hop network node device of the first hop (the first intermediate node forwarding device), and TSin ofhop 1 (32bits))
  • 32-bit first-hop network node device exit MAC-side timestamp TSout of hop1 (32bits)
  • the first node device sets a timestamp t i i on the ingress MAC side, and counts it into the corresponding field of the message.
  • the flag bit E is set to 0
  • the first node device updates the total time.
  • the hop count field that is, the value of the total hop count plus 1, and if the updated total hop count is not equal to the maximum hop count, the time stamp unit U i of the first node device is counted into the corresponding field of the message.
  • the timestamp t e i of the node device's egress MAC side is recorded into the corresponding field of the message. Update the measurement message.
  • the intermediate node forwarding device needs to calculate its own sub-internal delay. Because the intermediate node device needs to stamp the exit timestamp before it can calculate its own sub-internal delay through NP. As a result, it is impossible to output the time in the MAC, which leads to the need to compensate the accuracy of the one-way delay measurement.
  • the number of bits in the measurement message in Case 1 is smaller than the number of bits in the measurement message in the other three cases, which can save network resources.
  • the next-hop node device calculates the sub-internal delay of the previous-hop node device, which can implement timestamping in the MAC and improve the measurement accuracy of the one-way delay.
  • the number of bits in Case 2 and Case 3 is larger than Case 1, and less than Case 3.
  • the intermediate node device only needs to set its own timestamp and does not need to perform calculations. Therefore, the capability requirements of the intermediate node device are relatively low, no modification of the existing forwarding device is required, and it can be compatible with the existing forwarding device. In cases 1 to 3, the intermediate node device is required to have a certain computing capacity.
  • the time stamp unit field may be omitted from the measurement messages in the second case to the fourth case.
  • the first node device sends the updated measurement message to the second node device.
  • the second node device receives the updated measurement message.
  • the second node device performs measurement processing according to the received measurement packet.
  • the second node device is a next hop node device of the first node device, and the second node device may be an intermediate node forwarding device or a receiving end device.
  • the actions performed by the second node device are similar to those performed by the first node device. To avoid repetition, details are not described herein again.
  • the second node device When the second node device is a receiving end device, the second node device (that is, the receiving end device) performs a specific process of measurement processing according to the measurement message. For example, one-way delay measurement, network fault tracking and location, network equipment status monitoring, or network management visualization can be performed.
  • the following uses the one-way delay measurement as an example to describe the measurement processing performed by the second node device (that is, the receiving end device) after receiving the measurement packet.
  • the first node device is a last intermediate node forwarding device
  • the second node device is a receiving end device
  • the second node device performs measurement processing according to the measurement packet, including:
  • the delay information includes a cumulative sum of sub-internal delays of forwarding devices of each intermediate node before the second node device;
  • the determining, by the second node device, the one-way delay according to the measurement packet includes:
  • the second node device accumulates and determines the sub-internal delay as the internal delay of the device, and determines the sum of the internal delay and the link delay as the one-way delay.
  • the second node device (receiving end device) reads the HopsDelaySum field in the measurement message to obtain the internal delay ⁇ of the device; and calculates the link propagation delay T link between the transmitting end and the receiving end according to formula (2), for example, receiving
  • the end device can determine the line length L according to the known topology, routing entries, or lookup tables, and calculate T link according to formula (2); and calculate ⁇ + T link when the end-to-end network is unidirectional according to formula (3) Delay.
  • the receiving end device may also calculate T link + ⁇ + T trans to obtain the end-to-end network unidirectional delay according to formula (4).
  • T trans may be determined by the receiving device according to the performance parameters of the device (sending device, intermediate node forwarding device, and receiving device) (for example, the size of the packet may be divided by the ingress or egress bandwidth Calculated), the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • the delay information includes a cumulative sum of sub-internal delays of forwarding devices of each intermediate node before the first node device, and an exit time and an entry time corresponding to the first node device;
  • the determining, by the second node device, the one-way delay according to the measurement packet includes:
  • the second node device Determining, by the second node device, the sum of the sub-internal delay of each intermediate node forwarding device before the first node device and the sum of the sub-internal delay of the first node device as the internal delay of the device, The sum of the internal delay of the device and the link delay is determined as the one-way delay.
  • the receiver device can use the known topology, routing entries, or query.
  • the line length L is determined by a table, etc., and T link is calculated according to formula (2); and ⁇ + T link is calculated according to formula (3) to obtain the end-to-end network unidirectional delay.
  • the receiving end device may also calculate T link + ⁇ + T trans to obtain the end-to-end network unidirectional delay according to formula (4).
  • T trans may be determined by the receiving device according to the performance parameters of the device (sending device, intermediate node forwarding device, and receiving device) (for example, the size of the packet may be divided by the ingress or egress bandwidth Calculated), the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • the delay information includes a cumulative sum of sub-internal delays of the intermediate node forwarding devices before the first node device and sub-link delays corresponding to the intermediate node forwarding devices before the second node device, and An exit time and an entry time corresponding to the first node device;
  • the determining, by the second node device, the one-way delay according to the measurement packet includes:
  • the second node device measures the propagation delay T i-1 of the direct link between the current node and the previous hop node (first node device) according to the entrance; read the TSin field in the message The time stamp t i i-1 of the node equipment entry is obtained, and the time stamp t e i-1 of the node equipment exit time is obtained in the TSout field, and the time stamp unit U i-1 of the node equipment is obtained in the TsUnit field.
  • the receiving end device may also compensate T trans for the obtained one-way delay to obtain an updated one-way delay.
  • T trans may be determined by the receiving device according to the performance parameters of the device (sending device, intermediate node forwarding device, and receiving device) (for example, the size of the packet may be divided by the ingress or egress bandwidth Calculated), the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • the delay information includes an exit time and an entry time corresponding to each intermediate node forwarding device before the second node device;
  • the determining, by the second node device, the one-way delay according to the measurement packet includes:
  • Determining, by the second node device, a sum of sub-internal delays of the forwarding devices of each intermediate node as the internal delay of the device, and determining a sum of the internal delay of the device and the link delay as The one-way delay is described.
  • the receiver device can determine the line length L based on the known topology, routing entries, or lookup tables, and calculate it according to formula (2). Get T link ; and calculate ⁇ + T link to get one-way network one-way delay according to formula (3).
  • the receiving end device may also calculate T link + ⁇ + T trans to obtain the end-to-end network unidirectional delay according to formula (4).
  • T trans may be determined by the receiving device according to the performance parameters of the device (sending device, intermediate node forwarding device, and receiving device) (for example, the size of the packet may be divided by the ingress or egress bandwidth Calculated), the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • the receiving device may also send the final measurement message to other devices.
  • Other devices determine the one-way delay according to the final measurement message, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the measurement message is updated by the entry time of the message entering the device and the exit time of leaving the device, so that the receiving end device can perform a one-way delay measurement according to the received measurement message.
  • the method in the embodiment of the present application does not need to perform clock synchronization between the transmitting end and the receiving end, thereby avoiding the clock synchronization problem between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the prior art, and can improve detection accuracy.
  • the four cases described above describe the method in which the intermediate node device updates the measurement message and the receiver device determines the one-way delay.
  • FIG. 11 to FIG. 14 correspond to the first case to the fourth case, respectively.
  • FIG. 11 to FIG. 14 correspond to the first case to the fourth case, respectively.
  • the method shown in FIG. 11 includes:
  • the transmitting end initializes a measurement message and sends the message.
  • the maximum number of hops MaxHop may not be fixed, and the specific value may be set according to actual network conditions, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the measurement message reaches the i-th hop network node device.
  • i when there are n intermediate node forwarding devices, the value of i ranges from 1 to n + 1.
  • the current node device determines whether it is a receiving end device.
  • the current node device determines whether it is a receiving end device. For example, the current node device may determine the address of the receiving end device in the packet header (for example, Tuple, etc.) to determine whether it is a receiving device.
  • the packet header for example, Tuple, etc.
  • step 1123 is performed to determine the one-way delay.
  • the specific process of determining the one-way delay is as follows:
  • the receiver device can use a known topology, routing table entry, or query.
  • the line length L is determined by a table, etc., and T link is calculated according to formula (2); and ⁇ + T link is calculated according to formula (3) to obtain the end-to-end network unidirectional delay.
  • the receiving end device may also calculate T link + ⁇ + T trans to obtain the end-to-end network unidirectional delay according to formula (4).
  • T trans may be determined by the receiving device according to the performance parameters of the device (sending device, intermediate node forwarding device, and receiving device) (for example, the size of the packet may be divided by the ingress or egress bandwidth Calculated), the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • step 1122 is performed: a timestamp t i i is set on the network processor (NP) side of the device entrance. Considering the time delay between the media access control (MAC) and the NP, a fixed offset correction is performed on t i i to obtain the entry MAC side timestamp t i i - ⁇ i i . Go to step 1130.
  • NP network processor
  • the method shown in FIG. 12 includes:
  • the transmitting end initializes a measurement message and sends the message.
  • the maximum number of hops MaxHop may not be fixed and may be set according to actual network conditions, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the measurement message reaches the i-th hop network node device.
  • i when there are n intermediate node forwarding devices, the value of i ranges from 1 to n + 1.
  • the current node device determines whether it is a receiving end.
  • the current node device determines whether it is a receiving end device. For example, the current node device may determine the address of the receiving end device in the packet header (for example, Tuple, etc.) to determine whether it is a receiving device.
  • the packet header for example, Tuple, etc.
  • the current device i.e., the i-th hop network device node device
  • execute 1223 to determine the one-way delay.
  • the specific process of determining the one-way delay is as follows:
  • the TSin field in the message reads the entry timestamp t i i-1 of the hop device, the TSout field receives the timestamp t e i-1 of the hop device device, and the TsUnit field receives the timestamp unit of the hop device.
  • the receiver device can determine the line length L based on the known topology, routing entries, or lookup tables, and calculate it according to formula (2).
  • T link; and according to equation (3) calculate ⁇ + T link end network have one-way delay.
  • the receiving end device may also calculate T link + ⁇ + T trans to obtain the end-to-end network unidirectional delay according to formula (4).
  • T trans may be determined by the receiving device according to the performance parameters of the device (sending device, intermediate node forwarding device, and receiving device) (for example, the size of the packet may be divided by the ingress or egress bandwidth Calculated), the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • step 1222 If the current device, i.e. the i-th hop network device node device, is not the receiving end, execute 1222: set the timestamp t i i on the MAC side of the device entry, and go to step 1230.
  • the TSin field in the message reads the entry timestamp t i i-1 of the hop device, the TSout field receives the timestamp t e i-1 of the hop device device, and the TsUnit field receives the hop device.
  • a timestamp t e i is set on the exit MAC side of the current network node device, which is included in the TSout field to complete the update of the measurement message, and then the process proceeds to step 1220.
  • the method shown in FIG. 13 includes:
  • the transmitting end initializes a measurement message and sends the message.
  • the maximum number of hops MaxHop may not be fixed and may be set according to actual network conditions, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the measurement message reaches the i-th hop network node device.
  • i when there are n intermediate node forwarding devices, the value of i ranges from 1 to n + 1.
  • the current node device determines whether it is a receiving end.
  • the current node device determines whether it is a receiving end device. For example, the current node device may determine the address of the receiving end device in the packet header (for example, Tuple, etc.) to determine whether it is a receiving device.
  • the packet header for example, Tuple, etc.
  • T i-1 the propagation delay T i-1 of the direct link between the current node and the previous hop node according to the entrance; read the TSin field in the message to get the entry timestamp t i i-1 of the next hop node device and the TSout field to be
  • the TsUnit field is the last-hop node device time-stamp unit U i-1
  • the receiving-end device may also update the obtained one-way delay compensation T trans to obtain the final one-way delay.
  • T trans may be determined by the receiving device according to the performance parameters of the device (sending device, intermediate node forwarding device, and receiving device) (for example, the size of the packet may be divided by the ingress or egress bandwidth Calculated), the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • step 1322 If the current device, i.e., the i-th hop network device node device, is not the receiving end, execute 1322: set the timestamp t i i on the device entry MAC side, record the temporary variable TSin_temp, and go to step 1330.
  • the propagation delay T i-1 of the direct link between the current node and the previous hop node is measured according to the entrance; the TSin field in the message is read to get the entry timestamp t i i-1 of the previous hop node equipment, TSout The field gets the timestamp t e i-1 of the exit node device, and the TsUnit field gets the time stamp unit U i-1 of the next hop node device.
  • a timestamp t e i is set on the exit MAC side of the current network node device, and the time stamp t e i is counted into the TSout field to complete the update of the measurement message. Then, the process proceeds to step 1320.
  • the method shown in FIG. 14 includes:
  • the sender initializes a measurement message and sends the message.
  • the maximum number of hops MaxHop may not be fixed and may be set according to actual network conditions, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the measurement message reaches the i-th hop network node device.
  • i when there are n intermediate node forwarding devices, the value of i ranges from 1 to n + 1.
  • the current node device determines whether it is a receiving end.
  • the current node device determines whether it is a receiving end device. For example, the current node device may determine the address of the receiving end device in the packet header (for example, the identification of the receiving end device, Tuple, etc.) to determine whether it is a receiving device.
  • step 1423 a one-way delay is determined.
  • the specific process of determining the one-way delay is as follows:
  • the receiving end device may also calculate T link + ⁇ + T trans to obtain the end-to-end network unidirectional delay according to formula (4).
  • T trans may be determined by the receiving device according to the performance parameters of the device (sending device, intermediate node forwarding device, and receiving device) (for example, the size of the packet may be divided by the ingress or egress bandwidth Calculated), the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • step 1422 marks the timestamp t i i on the MAC side of the device entry, counts it into the corresponding field of the message, and proceeds to step 1430.
  • the timestamp unit U i of the node device is included in the corresponding field of the message, and the process proceeds to step 1460 to continue updating the message.
  • the timestamp t e i is set on the exit MAC side of the current network node device, and is counted into the corresponding field of the message to complete the update of the measurement message. Then, the process proceeds to step 1420.
  • the measurement message is updated by the entry time of the message entering the device and the exit time of leaving the device, so that the receiving end device can perform a one-way delay measurement according to the received measurement message.
  • the method in the embodiment of the present application does not need to perform clock synchronization between the transmitting end and the receiving end, thereby avoiding the clock synchronization problem between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the prior art, and can improve detection accuracy.
  • the intermediate node device may not only correspond to an independent device.
  • an intermediate node forwarding device may correspond to a local area network, and then the sub-internal delay of the intermediate node forwarding device may represent the one.
  • the one-way delay in a local area network is not limited to this embodiment.
  • the size of the sequence numbers of the above processes does not mean the order of execution.
  • the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not deal with the embodiments of the present application.
  • the implementation process constitutes any limitation.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a first node device that processes a measurement message according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first node device 1500 may include:
  • the processing unit 1510 and the transceiver unit 1520 are The processing unit 1510 and the transceiver unit 1520.
  • the transceiver unit is configured to receive a measurement message
  • the processing unit is configured to update the measurement message according to an entry time of the measurement message entering the first node device and an exit time of leaving the first node device to obtain an updated measurement message;
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to send the updated measurement message to a second node device.
  • the transceiver unit is specifically configured to receive a measurement message sent by a third node device, where the measurement message sent by the third node device is based on an entry time when the measurement message enters the third node device and leaves the device.
  • the exit time of the third node device is determined, and the third node device is a previous-hop intermediate node forwarding device of the first node device.
  • the measurement message received by the transceiver unit is determined according to an entry time of each intermediate node forwarding device before the measurement message enters the first node device and an exit time of leaving the intermediate node forwarding device. .
  • the updated measurement message carries at least one of the following information:
  • the time difference between the node devices before the first node device is the time difference between the exit time of the node device before the measurement message leaves the first node device and the entry time of the node device before entering the first node device. value.
  • the measurement message carries delay information, and the delay information is used to measure a one-way delay, where the one-way delay is a time interval between a sending device sending a message and receiving a message;
  • the one-way delay includes an internal delay of the device and a link delay, wherein the internal delay of the device includes a sub-internal delay of each intermediate node forwarding device, and the sub-internal delay of an intermediate node forwarding device is the one The time difference between the exit time and the entry time corresponding to the intermediate node forwarding device.
  • the link delay includes the delay of the link between the sending end and the receiving end.
  • the link delay includes all the intermediate node forwarding devices and the receiving end.
  • the delay of the sub-link corresponding to each node device in the device, wherein the delay of the sub-link corresponding to a node device includes the delay of a direct link between the one-node device and its previous hop node device.
  • the delay information in the measurement message received by the transceiver unit includes a cumulative sum of sub-internal delays of the forwarding devices of each intermediate node before the first node device;
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to:
  • the delay information Updating the delay information according to a sub-internal delay of the first node device to obtain the updated measurement message, wherein the updated delay information includes the first node device and the first node Each intermediate node before the device forwards the accumulated sum of the sub-internal delays of the device.
  • the delay information in the measurement message received by the transceiver unit includes a sum of sub-internal delays of each intermediate node forwarding device before the third node device, and an exit time and Ingress time, the third node device is a previous hop intermediate node forwarding device of the first node device;
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to:
  • the updated delay information includes The sum of the sub-internal delays of the intermediate node forwarding devices before the first node device and the exit time and the entry time corresponding to the first node device.
  • the delay information in the measurement message received by the transceiver unit includes a sub-internal delay of each intermediate node forwarding device before the third node device and each intermediate node before the first node device.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to:
  • the updated delay information includes the sub-internal delay of each intermediate node forwarding device before the first node device, the first node, and each intermediate node before the first node device.
  • the delay information in the measurement message received by the transceiver unit includes an exit time and an entry time corresponding to each intermediate node forwarding device before the first node device;
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to:
  • the updated delay information includes the first node device and the The exit time and entry time corresponding to each intermediate node forwarding device before the first node device.
  • the measurement message further includes time unit information corresponding to an entry time and an exit time in the delay information.
  • the measurement message further includes time unit information corresponding to an exit time and an entry time corresponding to each intermediate node forwarding device in the delay information.
  • the measurement message further includes maximum hop information and cumulative hop information transmitted to the first node device by the measurement message.
  • the measurement message is carried in a service message; or, the measurement message is a message dedicated to measurement.
  • the measurement message is updated by the entry time of the message entering the device and the exit time of leaving the device, so that the receiving end device can perform a one-way delay measurement according to the received measurement message.
  • the method in the embodiment of the present application does not need to perform clock synchronization between the transmitting end and the receiving end, thereby avoiding the clock synchronization problem between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the prior art, and can improve detection accuracy.
  • the first node device 1500 here is embodied in the form of a functional unit.
  • the term "unit” herein may refer to an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an electronic circuit, a processor (such as a shared processor, a proprietary processor, or a group of processors) for executing one or more software or firmware programs. Processors, etc.) and memory, merge logic, and / or other suitable components that support the functions described.
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • processor such as a shared processor, a proprietary processor, or a group of processors
  • processors such as a shared processor, a proprietary processor, or a group of processors
  • memory merge logic, and / or other suitable components that support the functions described.
  • the first node device 1500 provided in this application corresponds to the process performed by the first node device in the foregoing method embodiment, and functions of each unit / module in the first node device For details, please refer to the description above, which will not be repeated here.
  • the first node device described in FIG. 15 may be an intermediate node forwarding device, or may be a chip or an integrated circuit installed in the intermediate node forwarding device.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a first node device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 16, the first node device 1600 may be applied to the system shown in FIG. 1 to execute the functions of the first node device in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the first node device 1600 may include a processor 1610 and a transceiver 1620, and the processor 1610 is connected to the transceiver 1620.
  • the first node device 1600 further includes a memory 1630, and the memory 1630 and the processor 1610 Connected, further optionally, the first node device 1600 may further include a bus system 1640.
  • the processor 1610, the memory 1630, and the transceiver 1620 may be connected through a bus system 1640.
  • the memory 1630 may be used to store instructions.
  • the processor 1610 may correspond to the processing unit 1510.
  • the transceiver 1620 may correspond to the transceiver unit 1520.
  • the process 1610 is configured to execute an instruction stored in the memory 1630 to control the transceiver 1620 to transmit and receive measurement packets.
  • the processor 1610 may be a central processing unit (CPU), and the processor 1610 may also be another general-purpose processor or a digital signal processor (DSP). , Application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays (field programmable gate arrays, FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the memory 1630 may include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provide instructions and data to the processor 1610. A part of the memory 1630 may further include a non-volatile random access memory.
  • the bus system 1640 may include a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus in addition to a data bus. However, for the sake of clarity, various buses are marked as the bus system 1640 in the figure.
  • each step of the above method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 1610 or an instruction in the form of software.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in combination with the embodiments of the present invention may be directly performed by a hardware processor, or may be performed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • a software module may be located in a mature storage medium such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, and the like.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory 1630, and the processor 1610 reads the information in the memory 1630 and completes the steps of the foregoing method in combination with its hardware. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.
  • first node device 1600 shown in FIG. 16 can implement each process related to the first node device in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the operations and / or functions of the modules in the first node device 1600 are respectively to implement the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a second node device that processes measurement packets according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first node device 1700 may include:
  • the processing unit 1710 and the transceiver unit 1720 are The processing unit 1710 and the transceiver unit 1720.
  • the transceiver unit is configured to receive a measurement message sent by the first node device, where the measurement message is determined according to an entry time when the measurement message enters the first node device and an exit time from the first node device. ;
  • the processing unit is configured to perform measurement processing according to the measurement message.
  • the measurement message received by the transceiver unit is determined according to an entry time of each intermediate node forwarding device before the measurement message enters the second node device and an exit time of leaving the intermediate node forwarding device. .
  • the measurement message carries at least one of the following information:
  • the time difference between the node devices before the first node device is the time difference between the exit time of the node device before the measurement message leaves the first node device and the entry time of the node device before entering the first node device. value.
  • the measurement message carries delay information, and the delay information is used to measure a one-way delay, where the one-way delay is a time interval between a sending device sending a message and receiving a message;
  • the one-way delay includes an internal delay of the device and a link delay, wherein the internal delay of the device includes a sub-internal delay of each intermediate node forwarding device, and the sub-internal delay of an intermediate node forwarding device is the one The time difference between the exit time and the entry time corresponding to the intermediate node forwarding device.
  • the link delay includes the delay of the link between the sending end and the receiving end.
  • the link delay includes all the intermediate node forwarding devices and the receiving end.
  • the delay of the sub-link corresponding to each node device in the device, wherein the delay of the sub-link corresponding to a node device includes the delay of a direct link between the one-node device and its previous hop node device.
  • the second node device is a receiving end device
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to determine the one-way delay according to the measurement message.
  • the delay information includes a cumulative sum of sub-internal delays of forwarding devices of each intermediate node before the second node device;
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to add up and determine the sub-internal delay as the internal delay of the device, and determine the sum of the internal delay and the link delay as the one-way delay. Delay.
  • the delay information includes an accumulated sub-internal delay of each intermediate node forwarding device before the first node device, and an exit time and an entry time corresponding to the first node device;
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to:
  • the delay information includes a sub-internal delay of each intermediate node forwarding device before the first node device and a sub-link delay of each intermediate node forwarding device before the second node device.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to:
  • the sum of the corresponding sub-link delay and the sub-internal delay of the first node device is determined as the one-way delay.
  • the delay information includes an exit time and an entry time corresponding to each intermediate node forwarding device before the second node device;
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to:
  • the measurement message further includes time unit information corresponding to an entry time and an exit time in the delay information.
  • the measurement message further includes time unit information corresponding to an exit time and an entry time corresponding to each intermediate node forwarding device in the delay information.
  • the measurement message further includes maximum hop information and cumulative hop information transmitted to the first node device by the measurement message.
  • the measurement message is carried in a service message; or, the measurement message is a message dedicated to measurement.
  • the measurement message is updated by the entry time of the message entering the device and the exit time of leaving the device, so that the receiving end device can perform a one-way delay measurement according to the received measurement message.
  • the method in the embodiment of the present application does not need to perform clock synchronization between the transmitting end and the receiving end, thereby avoiding the clock synchronization problem between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the prior art, and can improve detection accuracy.
  • the second node device 1700 here is embodied in the form of a functional unit.
  • the term "unit” herein may refer to an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an electronic circuit, a processor (such as a shared processor, a proprietary processor, or a group of processors) for executing one or more software or firmware programs. Processors, etc.) and memory, merge logic, and / or other suitable components that support the functions described.
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • processor such as a shared processor, a proprietary processor, or a group of processors
  • memory merge logic, and / or other suitable components that support the functions described.
  • the second node device 1700 provided in this application corresponds to the process performed by the second node device in the foregoing method embodiment, and functions of each unit / module in the second node device For details, please refer to the description above, which will not be repeated here.
  • the second node device described in FIG. 17 may be an intermediate node forwarding device or a receiving end device, or may be a chip or an integrated circuit installed in the intermediate node forwarding device or the receiving end device.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a second node device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 18, the second node device 1800 may be applied to the system shown in FIG. 1 to execute the functions of the second node device in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the second node device 1800 may include a processor 1810 and a transceiver 1820, and the processor 1810 is connected to the transceiver 1820.
  • the second node device 1800 further includes a memory 1830, and the memory 1830 and the processor 1810 Connected, further optionally, the second node device 1800 may further include a bus system 1840.
  • the processor 1810, the memory 1830, and the transceiver 1820 may be connected through a bus system 1840.
  • the memory 1830 may be used to store instructions.
  • the processor 1810 may correspond to the processing unit 1710.
  • the transceiver 1820 may correspond to the transceiver unit 1720.
  • the process 1810 is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory 1830 to control the transceiver 1820 to send and receive measurement packets.
  • the processor 1810 may be a central processing unit (CPU), and the processor 1810 may also be another general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), or an application-specific integrated circuit. (ASIC), ready-made programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the memory 1830 may include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provide instructions and data to the processor 1810. A part of the memory 1830 may further include a non-volatile random access memory.
  • the bus system 1840 may include a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus in addition to a data bus. However, for the sake of clarity, various buses are marked as the bus system 1840 in the figure.
  • each step of the above method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 1810 or an instruction in the form of software.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in combination with the embodiments of the present invention may be directly performed by a hardware processor, or may be performed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • a software module may be located in a mature storage medium such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, and the like.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory 1830, and the processor 1810 reads the information in the memory 1830 and completes the steps of the foregoing method in combination with its hardware. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.
  • the second node device 1800 shown in FIG. 18 can implement various processes related to the second node device in the foregoing method embodiment. Operations and / or functions of each module in the second node device 1800 are respectively implemented to implement corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments. For details, refer to the description in the foregoing method embodiments. To avoid repetition, detailed descriptions are appropriately omitted here.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a processing apparatus including a processor and an interface; the processor is configured to execute the method in any one of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the processing device may be a chip.
  • the processing device may be a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or a system chip (SoC). It is a central processor (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), or a microcontroller (microcontroller). , MCU), can also be a programmable controller (programmable logic device, PLD) or other integrated chips.
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • SoC system chip
  • CPU central processor
  • NP network processor
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • microcontroller microcontroller
  • MCU can also be a programmable controller (programmable logic device, PLD) or other integrated chips.
  • each step of the above method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processor or an instruction in a form of software.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in combination with the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or may be performed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • a software module may be located in a mature storage medium such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, and the like.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.
  • the processor in the embodiment of the present invention may be an integrated circuit chip and has a signal processing capability.
  • each step of the foregoing method embodiment may be completed by using an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processor or an instruction in a form of software.
  • the above processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable Programming logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA off-the-shelf programmable gate array
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
  • a software module may be located in a mature storage medium such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, and the like.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the memory in the embodiment of the present invention may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), or Erase programmable read-only memory (EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • the volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache.
  • RAM random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • SDRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • double SDRAM double SDRAM
  • DDR SDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • enhanced SDRAM enhanced SDRAM
  • SLDRAM synchronous connection dynamic random access memory
  • direct RAMbus RAM direct RAMbus RAM
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system, which includes the foregoing sending device, intermediate node device, and receiving device.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable medium having a computer program stored thereon.
  • the computer program is executed by a computer, the method for processing a measurement message in any one of the foregoing method embodiments is implemented.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product.
  • the computer program product is executed by a computer, the method for processing a measurement message in any one of the foregoing method embodiments is implemented.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be from a website site, a computer, a server, or a data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, a data center, or the like that includes one or more available medium integration.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a high-density digital video disc (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk (solid state disk), SSD)) and so on.
  • the node device in each of the above device embodiments corresponds to the node device in the method embodiment, and the corresponding module or unit executes the corresponding steps.
  • the sending module (transmitter) method executes the steps in the method embodiment and the receiving module ( The receiver) executes the steps received in the method embodiment, and other steps than sending and receiving can be performed by a processing module (processor).
  • a processing module processor
  • the sending module and the receiving module may form a transceiver module, and the transmitter and the receiver may form a transceiver to jointly realize the transmitting and receiving function; the processor may be one or more.
  • At least one means one or more, and “multiple” means two or more.
  • “And / or” describes the association relationship of related objects, and indicates that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and / or B can indicate: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B alone exists, where A, B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the related objects are an "or” relationship.
  • “At least one or more of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one (a), a, b, or c can be expressed as: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple .
  • an embodiment or “an embodiment” mentioned throughout the specification means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the appearances of "in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” appearing throughout the specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment.
  • the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present invention, the size of the sequence numbers of the above processes does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not deal with the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the implementation process constitutes any limitation.
  • a component may be, but is not limited to, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program, and / or a computer.
  • an application running on a computing device and a computing device can be components.
  • One or more components can reside within a process and / or thread of execution, and a component can be localized on one computer and / or distributed between 2 or more computers.
  • these components can execute from various computer readable media having various data structures stored thereon.
  • a component may, for example, be based on a signal having one or more data packets (e.g., data from two components that interact with another component between a local system, a distributed system, and / or a network, such as the Internet that interacts with other systems through signals) Communicate via local and / or remote processes.
  • data packets e.g., data from two components that interact with another component between a local system, a distributed system, and / or a network, such as the Internet that interacts with other systems through signals
  • the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only schematic.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which may be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objective of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each of the units may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions (programs).
  • programs When the computer program instructions (programs) are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions according to the embodiments of the present application are wholly or partially generated.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be from a website site, a computer, a server, or a data center. Transmission via wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) to another website site, computer, server, or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, a data center, or the like that includes one or more available medium integration.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk (SSD)).

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种处理测量报文的方法和设备，该方法包括第一节点设备接收测量报文；该第一节点设备根据测量报文进入该第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开该第一节点设备的出口时间更新该测量报文，获得更新后的测量报文；该第一节点设备向第二节点设备发送该更新后的测量报文。因此，本申请实施例中，通过报文进入设备的入口时间和离开设备的出口时间对测量报文进行更新，能够使得接收端设备根据接收到的测量报文进行单向时延的测量。本申请实施例的方法无需进行发送端和接收端的时钟同步，进而可以避免现有技术中发送端和接收端的时钟同步问题，能够提高检测的准确性。

Description

处理测量报文的方法和设备
本申请要求于2018年7月6日提交中国专利局、申请号为201810738490.3、申请名称为“处理测量报文的方法和设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，特别涉及一种处理测量报文的方法和设备。
背景技术
在计算机网络当中，前向传输(发送端到接收端的传输)与反向传输(接收端到发送端的传输)的路径往往并不对称。传统往返通信延迟(round-trip time，RTT)由于聚合双向往返时延，无法体现这种不对称性所带来的差异，导致无法探测到单向问题，加剧故障排除的成本。
现有技术中，通常通过单向时延(one-way delay)的测量能够有效检测单向问题，实现故障排除等检测。并且服务级别协议(service-level agreement，SLA)指定单向时延来确保众多实时应用(如网络协议通话技术(voice over IP，VoIP)、线上交易服务等)的服务质量(quality of service，QoS)。也就是说通过单向时延的测量能够检测到实时应用的QoS情况。
综上所述，现有的诸多方面的检测(例如，故障检测、QoS的检测等)均是通过单向时延测量进行的。因此，单向时延的测量则引起越来越多的重视。
然而，现有的单向时延测量依赖于全网级的时钟同步，部署成本高，不够精细化，导致现有技术难以通过单向测量的结果保证上述多种检测的准确，因此，如何提高上述多种检测的准确性成为亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请提供一种处理测量报文的方法和设备，该方法能够以较低成本实现更加精细化时延测量，从而能够提高上述多种检测的准确性。
第一方面，提供了一种处理测量报文的方法，该方法包括第一节点设备接收测量报文；所述第一节点设备根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间更新所述测量报文，获得更新后的测量报文；所述第一节点设备向第二节点设备发送所述更新后的测量报文。
因此，本申请实施例中，通过报文进入设备的入口时间和离开设备的出口时间对测量报文进行更新，能够使得接收端设备根据接收到的测量报文进行单向时延的测量。本申请实施例的方法无需进行发送端和接收端的时钟同步，进而可以避免现有技术中发送端和接收端的时钟同步问题，实现精细化测量，从而能够提高上述多种检测的准确性。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述测量报文承载在业务报文中；或者，所述测量报文为专门用于测量的报文。
本申请实施例中，第一节点设备可以为中间节点转发设备。例如，第一节点设备可以为发射端设备与接收端设备之间的多个中间节点转发设备中的第一个中间节点转发设备，那么第一节点设备接收测量报文包括该第一节点设备从发送端设备接收该测量报文。
可选地，第一节点设备可以为中间的中间节点转发设备。那么结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一节点设备接收测量报文，包括：所述第一节点设备接收第三节点设备发送的测量报文，其中，第三节点设备发送的测量报文是根据测量报文进入第三节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第三节点设备的出口时间确定的，所述第三节点设备为所述第一节点设备的前一跳中间节点转发设备。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一节点设备接收到的测量报文是根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的入口时间以及离开所述各个中间节点转发设备的出口时间确定的。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述更新后的测量报文携带以下信息中的至少一种：
测量报文离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间与进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间的时间差；
所述时间差与所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的时间差的累加和；
测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间；
其中，所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的时间差为测量报文离开所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的出口时间与进入所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的入口时间的时间差值。
应理解，本申请实施例中的处理测量报文的方法可以应用于多种场景中，例如，用于网络单向时延测量、用于网络故障追踪定位、用于网络设备状态监测或用于网络管理可视化等场景中，本申请实施例并不限于此。
以下以用于单向时延测量的场景为例，描述本申请实施例中第一节点设备更新测量报文的具体方案。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述测量报文携带时延信息，所述时延信息用于测量单向时延，所述单向时延为发送端设备发送报文到接收端接收报文的时间间隔；
所述单向时延包括设备内部时延以及链路时延，其中所述设备内部时延包括各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延，一个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延为所述一个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差，所述链路时延包括发送端至接收端之间的链路的时延，所述链路时延包括所有中间节点转发设备和接收端设备中各个节点设备对应的子链路时延，其中，一个节点设备对应的子链路时延包括该一个节点设备与其前一跳节点设备之间的直连链路的时延。
应理解，本申请实施例中，测量报文中的时延信息可以具有多种形式，下面将针对时延信息的不同形式，分情况描述本申请实施中第一节点设备更新测量报文的具体方案。
情况一：
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一节点设备接收到的测量报文中的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的累加和；
其中，所述第一节点设备根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间更新所述测量报文，获得更新后的测量报文，包括：
所述第一节点设备将测量报文离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间与进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间的时间差确定为所述第一节点设备的子内部时延；
所述第一节点设备根据所述第一节点设备的子内部时延更新所述时延信息，获得所述更新后的测量报文，其中，更新后的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备以及所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的累加和。
情况二：
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一节点设备接收到的测量报文中的时延信息包括第三节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延累加和以及所述第三节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间，所述第三节点设备为所述第一节点设备的前一跳中间节点转发设备；
其中，所述第一节点设备根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间更新所述测量报文，获得更新后的测量报文，包括：
所述第一节点设备将所述第三节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差确定为所述第三节点设备的子内部时延；
所述第一节点设备根据所述第三节点设备的子内部时延以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间和入口时间更新所述时延信息，获得更新后的测量报文，其中，更新后的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延累加和以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间。
情况三：
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一节点设备接收到的测量报文中的时延信息包括所述第三节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延与所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的子链路时延的累加和，以及所述第三节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间，所述第三节点设备为所述第一节点设备的前一跳中间节点转发设备；
其中，所述第一节点设备根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间更新所述测量报文，获得更新后的测量报文，包括：
所述第一节点设备确定所述第一节点设备对应的子链路时延；
所述第一节点设备将所述第三节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差确定为所述第三节点设备的子内部时延；
所述第一节点设备根据所述第三节点设备的子内部时延、所述第一节点设备对应的子链路时延以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间和入口时间更新所述时延信息，获得更新后的测量报文，其中，更新后的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延、所述第一节点以及所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的子链路时延的累加和，以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间。
情况四：
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一节点设备接收到的测量报文中的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间；
其中，所述第一节点设备根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间更新所述时延信息，包括：
所述第一节点设备根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间更新所述时延信息，其中，更新后的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备以及所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述测量报文还包括所述时延信息中的入口时间与出口时间对应的时间单位信息。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述测量报文还包括时延信息中的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间对应的时间单位信息。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述测量报文还包括最大跳数信息以及所述测量报文传输至所述第一节点设备的累积跳数信息。
根据上文描述的四种情况可以得出，上述情况一中需要中间节点转发设备自己计算自身的子内部时延，由于中间节点设备需要先打出口时间戳才能通过网络处理器(network processor，NP)计算自身的子内部时延，导致需要对测量值进行精度补偿。不过情况一中测量报文比特数比其他三个情况中测量报文的比特数小，能够节省网络资源。
情况二和情况三中由下一跳节点设备计算上一跳节点设备的子内部时延，可以实现在媒体访问控制(media access control，MAC)侧打时间戳，能够提高单向时延的测量精度。不过情况二和情况三中的比特数大于情况一，小于情况三。
情况四中，中间节点设备仅需要打自身的时间戳，无需进行计算，因此对中间节点设备的能力要求较低，无需对已有的转发设备进行修改，能够兼容已有的转发设备。情况一至情况三中需要要求中间节点设备具有一定的计算能力。
应理解，上述四种情况仅是示意性的，本领域技术人员可以根据上述四种情况进行相应的变形，这样的修改也在本申请实施例的保护范围内。
例如，在当所有设备的时间戳单元统一时，上述情况二至情况四中测量报文中可以省略时间戳单位字段。
还应理解，上述四种情况可以互相结合或者组合，本申请实施例并不限于此。
还应理解，上述四种情况中各个字段在报文中的先后顺序或者位置可以互相调整或者调换，本申请实施例并不限于此。
第二方面，提供了一种处理测量报文的方法，该方法包括第二节点设备接收第一节点设备发送的测量报文，所述测量报文是根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间确定的；所述第二节点设备根据所述测量报文进行测量处理。
因此，本申请实施例中，通过报文进入设备的入口时间和离开设备的出口时间对测量报文进行更新，能够使得接收端设备根据接收到的测量报文进行单向时延的测量。本申请实施例的方法无需进行发送端和接收端的时钟同步，进而可以避免现有技术中发送端和接收端的时钟同步问题，能够提高诸多方面的检测(例如，故障检测、QoS的检测等)的准 确性。
应理解，第二方面的执行主体为第二节点设备，第一方面的执行主体为第一节点设备，第二方面的方法与第一方面的方法对应，具体地一些实现方式和有益效果可以参见上文中的描述，此处适当省略详细描述。
结合二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二节点设备接收到的测量报文是根据测量报文进入所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的入口时间以及离开所述各个中间节点转发设备的出口时间确定的。
结合二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述测量报文携带以下信息中的至少一种：
测量报文离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间与进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间的时间差；
所述时间差与所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的时间差的累加和；
测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间；
其中，所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的时间差为测量报文离开所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的出口时间与进入所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的入口时间的时间差值。
应理解，本申请实施例中，该第二节点设备为第一节点设备的下一跳节点设备，该第二节点设备可以为中间节点转发设备也可以为接收端设备。
在第二节点设备为中间节点转发设备时，该第二节点设备执行的动作与第一节点设备执行的动作类似，为避免重复，此处不再赘述。
在第二节点设备为接收端设备时，第二节点设备(即接收端设备)根据测量报文进行测量处理的具体过程。例如，可以进行单向时延测量、网络故障追踪定位、网络设备状态监测或网络管理可视化等。
下面以单向时延测量为例，描述该第二节点设备(即接收端设备)接收到测量报文后进行的测量处理。
结合二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述测量报文携带时延信息，所述时延信息用于测量单向时延，所述单向时延为发送端设备发送报文到接收端接收报文的时间间隔；
所述单向时延包括设备内部时延以及链路时延，其中所述设备内部时延包括各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延，一个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延为所述一个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差，所述链路时延包括发送端至接收端之间的链路的时延，所述链路时延包括所有中间节点转发设备和接收端设备中各个节点设备对应的子链路时延，其中，一个节点设备对应的子链路时延包括该一个节点设备与其前一跳节点设备之间的直连链路的时延。
结合二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二节点设备为接收端设备，所述第二节点设备根据所述测量报文进行测量处理，包括:所述第二节点设备根据所述测量报文确定所述单向时延。
针对上文第一方面描述的测量报文的四种情况，下面分情况描述接收端设备确定单向时延的具体方案。
情况一，
结合二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述时延信息包括所述第二节点设备之前的 各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的累加和；
其中，所述第二节点设备根据所述测量报文确定所述单向时延，包括：
所述第二节点设备将所述子内部时延累加和确定为所述设备内部时延，并将所述内部时延与所述链路时延的和确定为所述单向时延。
情况二，
结合二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延累加和以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间；
其中，所述第二节点设备根据所述测量报文确定所述单向时延，包括：
所述第二节点设备将所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差确定为所述第一节点设备的子内部时延；
所述第二节点设备将所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延累加和与所述第一节点设备的子内部时延的和确定为所述设备内部时延，并将所述设备内部时延与所述链路时延的和确定为所述单向时延。
情况三，
结合二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延与所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的子链路时延的累加和，以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间；
其中，所述第二节点设备根据所述测量报文确定所述单向时延，包括：
所述第二节点设备确定所述第二节点设备对应的子链路时延；
所述第二节点设备将所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差确定为所述第一节点设备的子内部时延；
所述第二节点设备将所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延与所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的子链路时延的累加和、所述第二节点设备对应的子链路时延、以及所述第一节点设备的子内部时延的和确定为所述单向时延。
情况四，
结合二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述时延信息包括所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间；
其中，所述第二节点设备根据所述测量报文确定所述单向时延，包括：
所述第二节点设备将所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间确定所述各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延，
所述第二节点设备将所述各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的和确定为所述设备内部时延，并将所述设备内部时延与所述链路时延的和确定为所述单向时延。
结合二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述测量报文还包括所述时延信息中的入口时间与出口时间对应的时间单位信息。
结合二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述测量报文还包括时延信息中的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间对应的时间单位信息。
结合二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述测量报文还包括最大跳数信息以及所述 测量报文传输至所述第一节点设备的累积跳数信息。
结合二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述测量报文承载在业务报文中；或者，所述测量报文为专门用于测量的报文。
第三方面，提供了一种第一节点设备，包括用于执行第一方面或第一方面任一种可能实现方式中的方法的各个模块或单元。
在一种实现方式中，该第一节点设备为中间节点转发设备。
第四方面，提供了一种第二节点设备，包括用于执行二方面或第二方面任一种可能实现方式中方法的各个模块或单元。
在一种实现方式中，该第二节点设备为中间节点设备或者接收端设备。
第五方面，提供了一种第一节点设备，包括收发器、处理器和存储器。该处理器用于控制收发器收发信号，该存储器用于存储计算机程序，该处理器用于从存储器中调用并运行该计算机程序，使得该装置执行第一方面及其可能实现方式中的方法。
在一种实现方式中，该第一节点设备为中间节点转发设备。
第六方面，提供了一种第二节点设备，包括收发器、处理器和存储器。该处理器用于控制收发器收发信号，该存储器用于存储计算机程序，该处理器用于从存储器中调用并运行该计算机程序，使得该通信装置执行第二方面及其可能实现方式中的方法。
在一种实现方式中，该第二节点设备为中间节点设备或者接收端设备。
第七方面，提供了一种计算机可读介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被计算机执行时实现第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能的实现方式中的方法。
第八方面，提供了一种计算机可读介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被计算机执行时实现第三方面或第三方面的任一种可能的实现方式中的方法。
第九方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品被计算机执行时实现第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能的实现方式中的方法。
第十方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品被计算机执行时实现第二方面或第二方面任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第十一方面，提供了一种处理装置，包括处理器。
在一种实现方式中，上述第一方面至第二方面或第一至第二方面的任一可能的实现方式中的方法的由该处理器执行，在这种情况下，该处理器可以为专用处理器。
在另一种实现方式中，该处理装置还可以包括存储器，该存储器中存储有代码，处理器执行存储器中的代码执行上述第一方面至第二方面或第一至第二方面的任一可能的实现方式中的方法，在这种情况下，该处理器可以为通用处理器。
应理解，在第十一方面中相关的数据交互过程例如发送测量报文可以为从处理器输出测量报文的过程，接收测量报文可以为处理器接收输入测量的过程。具体地，处理输出的数据可以输出给发射器，处理器接收的输入数据可以来自接收器。其中，发射器和接收器可以统称为收发器。
上述十一方面中的处理装置可以是一个芯片，该处理器可以通过硬件来实现也可以通过软件来实现，当通过硬件实现时，该处理器可以是逻辑电路、集成电路等；当通过软件来实现时，该处理器可以是一个通用处理器，通过读取存储器中存储的软件代码来实现，该存储器可以集成在处理器中，可以位于该处理器之外，独立存在。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例可应用的计算机网络示意图。
图2是现有的一种单向时延的测量方法示意图。
图3是根据本申请一个实施例的处理测量报文的方法示意图。
图4是根据本申请一个实施例的单向时延的测量方法示意图。
图5是根据本申请一个实施例的测量报文结构示意图。
图6是根据本申请一个实施例的打时间戳示意图。
图7是根据本申请另一实施例的测量报文结构示意图。
图8是根据本申请另一实施例的打时间戳示意图。
图9是根据本申请另一实施例的测量报文结构示意图。
图10是根据本申请另一实施例的测量报文结构示意图。
图11是根据本申请一个实施例的单向时延的测量方法流程示意图。
图12是根据本申请另一实施例的单向时延的测量方法流程示意图。
图13是根据本申请另一实施例的单向时延的测量方法流程示意图。
图14是根据本申请另一实施例的单向时延的测量方法流程示意图。
图15是根据本申请一个实施例的第一节点设备的示意图。
图16是根据本申请另一实施例的第一节点设备的示意图。
图17是根据本申请一个实施例的第二节点设备的示意图。
图18是根据本申请一个实施例的第二节点设备的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于需要由转发设备转发报文的计算机网络中，例如该计算机网络可以为分组交换网络。作为示例而非限定，该分组交换网络包括但不限于如下网络：园区网、数据中心(data center，DC)网络…。
如图1所示，图1为本申请实施例可应用的计算机网络示意图，该计算机网络中包括发送端设备101、至少一个中间节点转发设备(也可以称为转发设备)102和接收端设备103。
在计算机网络中发送端101与接收端设备103通信时，发送端设备101发送的报文需要经过至少一个中间节点转发设备102的转发到达该接收端设备103。
本申请实施例中的发送端设备101和接收端设备103可以互换，发送端设备101和接收端设备103可以为相同类型的设备也可以为不同类型的设备，例如，发送端设备101和/或接收端设备103可以指能够接入网络的用户设备或服务器等。其中，该用户设备也可以称为终端设备，例如可以为蜂窝电话、个人计算机、个人数字处理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、手持设备、计算设备、车载设备或可穿戴设备，本申请实施例对此并不限定。该服务器可以包括提供各种业务的设备，例如，可以为数据中心、网络中心、控制中心。
本申请实施例中，中间节点转发设备102可以是具有转发功能的路由器或交换机，或 者该中间节点转发设备也可以为具有转发功能的用户设备或服务器等，本申请实施例并不限于此。
在计算机网络中，现有的诸多方面的检测(例如，故障检测、QoS的检测等)均是通过单向时延测量进行的。下面结合图2描述现有的一种单向时延的测量方法。如图2所示，通过分别记录发送端开始发送报文时刻t send和接收端完成接收报文的时刻t receive，两者相减所得时间量，即t receive-t send来获得单向时延。然而，这种方法需要保证发送端和接收端的时钟保持同步，否则无法克服时钟之间的偏差所带来的对测量精度的影响。
在单向时延测量过程中，由于发送端主机与接收端主机可能存在时钟不同步的情况，需要通过时钟同步协议(如网络时间协议(network time protocol，NTP)、精确时钟同步协议(precise time protocol，PTP，也称IEEE 1588v2))或高精度参考时钟源(如GPS)将二者时钟同步，以减少对测量精度的影响。然而，全网级的时钟同步部署成本过高，端到端的单向时延测量不够精细化。因此，现有技术中基于单向时延进行多种的检测不能提供精细化测量，即不能定位到单个设备，导致上述诸多方面的检测不够准确。
鉴于上述问题，本申请实施例提出一种处理测量报文的方法，本申请实施例中通过测量报文进入设备的入口时间和离开设备的出口时间对测量报文进行更新，以使得接收端设备根据接收到的测量报文进行测量处理，进而能够实现上述多种检测的需求。本申请实施例的方法无需进行发送端和接收端的时钟同步，进而可以避免现有技术中发送端和接收端的时钟同步问题，能够提高上述多种检测的准确性。
为了使得本申请实施例的方案更容易理解，下面在描述本申请实施例之前，首先对本申请实施例描述中的一些术语定义如下。
入口时间：表示测量报文进入设备的时间，可以为设备的入口MAC侧打的硬件时间戳，或者设备的入口NP侧打的软件时间戳。
出口时间：表示测量报文离开设备的时间。该出口时间可以为设备的出口MAC侧打的硬件时间戳，或者，该出口时间可以为设备的出口NP侧打的软件时间戳。
节点设备：节点设备可以是发送端设备、中间节点转发设备或接收端设备。
中间节点转发设备：也可以称为中间设备或者转发设备，中间节点转发设备为发送端设备向接收端设备发送报文所经过的链路上的设备。
单向时延：表示报文由发送端发出的时间到接收端接收到报文的时间。在本申请实施例中，单向时延可以包括设备内部时延和链路时延；可选地，单向时延还可以包括补偿时延。具体的单向时延的定义可以参考下文中的描述。
作为示例而非限定，下面结合图3描述本申请实施例的处理测量报文的方法。具体地，如图3所述的方法包括：
310，第一节点设备接收测量报文。
应理解，该测量报文可以为专门用于测量的报文，也可以为承载在业务报文中的报文，本申请实施例并不限于此。
本申请实施例中，第一节点设备可以为中间节点设备。
例如，第一节点设备可以为发射端设备与接收端设备之间的多个中间节点转发设备中的第一个中间节点转发设备，那么第一节点设备接收测量报文包括该第一节点设备从发送端设备接收该测量报文。
可选地，第一节点设备可以为中间的中间节点转发设备，那么该第一节点设备接收测量报文包括该所述第一节点设备接收第三节点设备发送的测量报文，其中，第三节点设备发送的测量报文是根据测量报文进入第三节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第三节点设备的出口时间确定的，所述第三节点设备为所述第一节点设备的前一跳中间节点转发设备。
进一步地，作为另一实施例，在第一节点设备之前具有多个中间节点设备时，该所述第一节点设备接收到的测量报文是根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的入口时间以及离开所述各个中间节点转发设备的出口时间确定的。测量报文的具体内容可以参见下文中330中的描述，此处不再赘述。
320，第一节点设备根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间更新所述测量报文，获得更新后的测量报文。
可选的，作为一个实施例，所述更新后的测量报文携带以下信息中的至少一种：测量报文离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间与进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间的时间差；所述时间差与所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的时间差的累加和；测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间。其中，所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的时间差为测量报文离开所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的出口时间与进入所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的入口时间的时间差值。
应理解，本申请实施例中的处理测量报文的方法可以应用于多种场景中，例如，用于网络单向时延测量、用于网络故障追踪定位、用于网络设备状态监测或用于网络管理可视化等场景中，本申请实施例并不限于此。
以下内容，以用于单向时延测量的场景为例，描述本申请实施例中第一节点设备更新测量报文的具体方案。
为了使得本申请实施例的方案更容易理解，下面首先对本申请实施例中单向时延进行描述。
本申请实施例中，单向时延为发送端设备发送报文到接收端设备接收报文的时间间隔。
可选地，本申请实施例中，单向时延包括设备内部时延以及链路时延，其中，设备内部时延为累计的中间节点转发设备的内部时延，链路时延为从发送端到接收端的链路传播时延。其中，链路传播时延与发送端到接收端的距离有关，可由线路长度除以传播速度获得。
具体而言，在本申请实施例中，所述设备内部时延包括各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延，一个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延为所述一个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差，所述链路时延包括发送端至接收端之间的链路的时延，所述链路时延包括所有中间节点转发设备和接收端设备中各个节点设备对应的子链路时延，其中，一个节点设备对应的子链路时延包括该一个节点设备与其前一跳节点设备之间的直连链路的时延。
下面描述本发明实施例中一种计算单向时延的方法：
如图4所示，本发明实施例可以将单向时延τ的分解为链路时延T link，以及设备内部时延θ两个部分，即：
τ＝T link+θ   (1)
如图4所示，假设从发送端到接收端的路径上存在n个中间节点转发设备(以下简称转发设备)，那么发送端到第一个转发设备的子链路时延记为T 0，第一个转发设备到第二个转发设备的子链路时延记为T 1，以此类推，直到第n个转发设备到接收端之间的子链路时延为T n，则整个链路时延T link＝∑T k，k＝0，1，2，…，n。对于一条选定的端到端路径，链路时延恒定，链路时延与端到端的距离有关，可由线路长度L除以传播速度v t获得，即T link＝L/v t。因此，综上可以得出：
T link＝∑T k，k＝0，1，2，…，n；或者，T link＝L/v t  (2)
当测量报文到达第i个转发设备时，在该第i转发设备的入口和出口侧(例如，入口和出口MAC侧)分别打下时间戳t i i和t e i，则该转发设备的子内部时延Δ i＝(t e i-t i i)*U i，U i为第i转发设备的时戳单位。那么，路径上n个转发设备的累计设备内部时延即为
θ＝∑Δ i，i＝1，2，…，n   (3)
综上所述，本申请实施例中，一条端到端路径的单向时延可以由式(1)～(3)确定并计算可得。
需要说明的是，上述公式(1)中并没有考虑报文的传输时延。为了更精确的进行单向时延测量，满足高精度单向时延测量的需求，本申请实施例可以对单向时延的公式(1)在数值上的补偿T trans，即可以按照如下公式(4)确定单向时延。
τ＝T link+θ+T trans   (4)
其中，T trans为补偿量，可以用于补偿上述各种传输时延。具体地，T trans可以用于补偿以下时延中的部分时延或者全部时延：发送端主机出口处的输出传输时延，各个中间节点转发设备入口处的输入传输时延和出口处的输出传输时延，以及接收端主机入口处的输入传输时延等。
具体地，T trans可以是接收端设备根据设备(发送端设备、中间节点转发设备和接收端设备中的至少一个设备)的性能参数确定的(例如，可通过报文大小除以入口或者出口带宽计算所得)，本申请实施例并不限于此。
下文描述了在不考虑上述传输时延的情况下，确定单向时延的方案。但本申请实施例并不限于此，在实际应用中，在考虑传输时延的情况下，可以按照公式(4)确定单向时延。
可选地，所述测量报文携带时延信息，所述时延信息用于测量单向时延。
应理解，本申请实施例中，测量报文中的时延信息可以具有多种形式，下面将针对时延信息的不同形式，分情况描述本申请实施中第一节点设备更新测量报文的具体方案。
情况一：
第一节点设备接收到的测量报文中的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的累加和；
其中，所述第一节点设备根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间更新所述测量报文，获得更新后的测量报文，包括：
所述第一节点设备将测量报文离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间与进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间的时间差确定为所述第一节点设备的子内部时延；
所述第一节点设备根据所述第一节点设备的子内部时延更新所述时延信息，获得所述更新后的测量报文，其中，更新后的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备以及所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的累加和。
可选地，所述测量报文还包括最大跳数信息以及所述测量报文传输至所述第一节点设备的累积跳数信息。
例如，图5示出了本申请实施例中测量报文中的字段，具体地，这些字段可以封装在该测量报文的报文头中。图5所示报文格式可以通过任意能够提供足够的空间来承载时延信息的封装方式来进行封装，例如在报文TCP头部中，选项域提供40个字节(320比特)的空间，可用来承载时延信息。
可选地，如图5所示本申请实施例中测量报文中的字段也可以封装在净荷(payload)中，本申请实施例并不限于此。
图5给出了情况一中测量报文中所需字段及其格式。图5中所示测量报文采用了32位的对齐格式。实际应用中图5所示的数据尺寸和各字段大小可根据实际应用需求而改变，本申请实施例并不限于此。
具体地，如图5所示的测量报文可以包括1比特的旗帜位字段(E(1))、8比特的最大跳数字段(MaxHop(8bits))、8比特的总跳数字段(TotalHop(8bits))、15比特的保留位字段(Rsvd(15bits))以及32比特的中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的累加和(HopsLatencySum(32bits))。
下面对图5中各字段内容进行解释说明。
旗帜位E(1bit)：当报文达到最大跳数限制时，置1；否则置0。当该旗帜位为1时，中间节点转发设备则不能向测量报文写入自己的时延信息，即不再更新该时延信息。
应理解，本申请实施例中，最大跳数可以认为为正常转发的最大次数，因此，当旗帜位置1时，表明存在异常，中间节点转发设备无需更新该时延信息。
MaxHop(8bits)：表示最大跳数，能够避免转发循环及其他异常。
TotalHop(8bits)：表示当前沿路所经过的总跳数。当TotalHop与MaxHop相等时，旗帜位E置1。
Rsvd(15bits)：保留位。可以用于为将来的扩展预留的项。
HopsLatencySum(32bits)：表示当前沿路所经过的所有中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的累加和，当当前中间节点转发设备为最后一个中间节点转发设备时，该累加和即为设备内部时延θ。
下面描述第一节点设备更新测量报文的具体过程。
具体而言，如图6所示，第一节点设备在入口网络处理器(network processor，NP)侧打下时间戳t i i。在旗帜位E取值为0的情况下，第一节点设备更新总跳数字段，即总跳数取值加1，并在更新后的总跳数不等于最大跳数的情况下，在第一节点设备出口NP侧打下时间戳t e i；将其减去入口侧时间戳t e i-t i i，再乘以时戳单位U i得第一节点设备内部时延Δ i＝(t e i-t i i)U i；更新θ＝θ+Δ i，并将更新后的θ计入HopsDelaySum字段，完成对测量报文的更新。
应理解，上述过程没有考虑设备内部的传输时延情况，可选的，在考虑到时延的情况下，本申请实施例还可以对时间戳进行补偿。
例如，第一节点设备在入口NP侧打下时间戳t i i。考虑到媒体访问控制(media access control，MAC)和NP之间的时延，对t i i进行一个固定纠偏值的补偿得到入口MAC侧时间戳t i i-μ i i。在旗帜位E取值为0的情况下，第一节点设备更新总跳数字段，即总跳数取值加1，并在更新后的总跳数不等于最大跳数的情况下，在第一节点设备出口NP侧打下时间戳t e i，并进行纠偏值补偿，得到出口MAC侧时间戳t e i+μ e i；将其减去入口MAC侧时间戳t i i-μ i i，再乘以时戳单位U i得第一节点设备内部时延Δ i＝(t e i-t i i)U i+(μ e i+μ i i)U i；更新θ＝θ+Δ i，并将更新后的θ计入HopsDelaySum字段，完成对测量报文的更新。
应理解，本申请实施例中纠偏值μ e i可以包括以下时间中的至少一种：出口处NP和MAC之间的时延，以及NP计算Δ i和更新θ的时间。
情况二：
第一节点设备接收到的测量报文中的时延信息包括第三节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延累加和以及所述第三节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间，所述第三节点设备为所述第一节点设备的前一跳中间节点转发设备；
其中，所述第一节点设备根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间更新所述测量报文，获得更新后的测量报文，包括：
所述第一节点设备将所述第三节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差确定为所述第三节点设备的子内部时延；
所述第一节点设备根据所述第三节点设备的子内部时延以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间和入口时间更新所述时延信息，获得更新后的测量报文，其中，更新后的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延累加和以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间。
可选地，所述测量报文还包括最大跳数信息以及所述测量报文传输至所述第一节点设备的累积跳数信息。
可选地，所述测量报文还包括所述时延信息中的入口时间与出口时间对应的时间单位信息。
例如，图7示出了本申请实施例中测量报文中的字段，具体地，这些字段可以封装在该测量报文的报文头中，图7所示报文格式可以通过任意能够提供足够的空间来承载时延信息的封装方式来进行封装，例如在报文TCP头部中，选项域提供40个字节(320比特)的空间，可用来承载时延信息。
可选地，如图7所示本申请实施例中测量报文中的字段也可以封装在净荷中，本申请实施例并不限于此。
图7给出了情况二中测量报文中所需字段及其格式。图7中所示测量报文采用了32位的对齐格式。实际应用中图7所示的数据尺寸和各字段大小可根据实际应用需求而改变，本申请实施例并不限于此。
具体地，如图7所示的测量报文可以包括1比特的旗帜位字段(E(1))、8比特的最大跳数字段(MaxHop(8bits))、8比特的总跳数字段(TotalHop(8bits))、8比特的上一跳网络节点设备的时戳单位(TsUnit(8bits))、7比特的保留位字段(Rsvd(7bits))、32比特的上一跳网络节点设备入口MAC侧时间戳(TSin(32bits))、32比 特的上一跳网络节点设备出口MAC侧时间戳(TSout(32bits))以及32比特的中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的累加和(HopsLatencySum(32bits))。
下面详细介绍图7中各字段内容。
旗帜位E(1bit)：当报文达到最大跳数限制时，置1；否则置0。当该旗帜位为1时，中间节点转发设备则不能向测量报文写入自己的时延信息，即不再更新该时延信息。
应理解，本申请实施例中，最大跳数可以认为为正常转发的最大次数，因此，当旗帜位置1时，表明存在异常，中间节点转发设备无需更新该时延信息。
MaxHop(8bits)：表示最大跳数，能够避免转发循环及其他异常。
TotalHop(8bits)：表示当前沿路所经过的总跳数。当TotalHop与MaxHop相等时，旗帜位E置1。
TsUnit(8bits)：表示上一跳网络节点设备的时戳单位。
TSin(32bits)：表示上一跳网络节点设备入口MAC侧时间戳。
TSout(32bits)：表示上一跳网络节点设备出口MAC侧时间戳。
Rsvd(7bits)：保留位。可以用于为将来的扩展预留的项。
HopsLatencySum(32bits)：表示当前沿路所经过的所有中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的累加和，当当前中间节点转发设备为最后一个中间节点转发设备时，该累加和即为设备内部时延θ。
下面描述第一节点设备更新测量报文的具体过程。
具体而言，如图8所示，第一节点设备在入口MAC侧打下时间戳t i i。在旗帜位E取值为0的情况下，第一节点设备更新总跳数字段，即总跳数取值加1，并在更新后的总跳数不等于最大跳数的情况下，第一节点设备读取报文中TSin字段得上一跳节点设备(即第三节点设备)入口时间戳t i i-1，TSout字段得上一跳节点设备出口时间戳t e i-1，TsUnit字段得上一跳节点设备时戳单位U i-1，计算上一跳节点设备内部时延Δ i-1＝(t e i-1–t i i-1)U i-1；更新θ＝θ+Δ i，计入DelaySum字段；将TSin字段更新为t i i，TsUnit字段更新为第一节点设备时戳单位U i，在第一节点设备出口MAC侧打下时间戳t e i，计入TSout字段。完成对测量报文的更新。
情况三：
所述第一节点设备接收到的测量报文中的时延信息包括所述第三节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延与所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的子链路时延的累加和，以及所述第三节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间，所述第三节点设备为所述第一节点设备的前一跳中间节点转发设备；
其中，所述第一节点设备根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间更新所述测量报文，获得更新后的测量报文，包括：
所述第一节点设备确定所述第一节点设备对应的子链路时延；
所述第一节点设备将所述第三节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差确定为所述第三节点设备的子内部时延；
所述第一节点设备根据所述第三节点设备的子内部时延、所述第一节点设备对应的子链路时延以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间和入口时间更新所述时延信息，获得更新 后的测量报文，其中，更新后的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延、所述第一节点以及所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的子链路时延的累加和，以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间。
可选地，所述测量报文还包括最大跳数信息以及所述测量报文传输至所述第一节点设备的累积跳数信息。
可选地，所述测量报文还包括所述时延信息中的入口时间与出口时间对应的时间单位信息。
例如，图9示出了本申请实施例中测量报文中的字段，具体地，这些字段可以封装在该测量报文的报文头中，图9所示报文格式可以通过任意能够提供足够的空间来承载时延信息的封装方式来进行封装，例如在报文TCP头部中，选项域提供40个字节(320比特)的空间，可用来承载时延信息。
可选地，如图9所示本申请实施例中测量报文中的字段也可以封装在净荷中，本申请实施例并不限于此。
图9给出了情况三中测量报文中所需字段及其格式。图9中所示报文采用了32位的对齐格式。实际应用中图9所示的数据尺寸和各字段大小可根据实际应用需求而改变，本申请实施例并不限于此。
具体地，如图9所示的测量报文可以包括1比特的旗帜位字段(E(1))、8比特的最大跳数字段(MaxHop(8bits))、8比特的总跳数字段(TotalHop(8bits))、8比特的上一跳网络节点设备的时戳单位(TsUnit(8bits))、7比特的保留位字段(Rsvd.(7bits))、32比特的上一跳网络节点设备入口MAC侧时间戳(TSin(32bits))、32比特的上一跳网络节点设备出口MAC侧时间戳(TSout(32bits)以及32比特的时延累加和(DelaySum(32bits))。
下面详细介绍图9中各字段内容。
旗帜位E(1bit)：当报文达到最大跳数限制时，置1；否则置0。当该旗帜位为1时，中间节点转发设备则不能向测量报文写入自己的时延信息，即不再更新该时延信息。
应理解，本申请实施例中，最大跳数可以认为为正常转发的最大次数，因此，当旗帜位置1时，表明存在异常，中间节点转发设备无需更新该时延信息。
MaxHop(8bits)：表示最大跳数，能够避免转发循环及其他异常。
TotalHop(8bits)：表示当前沿路所经过的总跳数。当TotalHop与MaxHop相等时，旗帜位E置1。
TsUnit(8bits)：上一跳网络节点设备的时戳单位。
TSin(32bits)：上一跳网络节点设备入口MAC侧时间戳。
TSout(32bits)：上一跳网络节点设备出口MAC侧时间戳。
Rsvd(7bits)：保留位。为将来的扩展预留的项。
DelaySum(32bits)：区别于图7中的累计网络节点设备内部时延，该字段包含了所述第三节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延与所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的子链路时延的累加和，其值记为τ。
下面描述第一节点设备更新测量报文的具体过程。
具体而言，如图8所示，第一节点设备在入口MAC侧打下时间戳t i i。在旗帜位E取 值为0的情况下，第一节点设备更新总跳数字段，即总跳数取值加1，并在更新后的总跳数不等于最大跳数的情况下，第一节点设备依入口测得与上一跳节点(第三节点设备)的直连链路传播时延T i-1；读取报文中TSin字段得上一跳节点设备入口时间戳t i i-1，TSout字段得上一跳节点设备出口时间戳t e i-1，TsUnit字段得上一跳节点设备时戳单位U i-1，计算上一跳节点设备内部时延Δ i-1＝(t e i-1–t i i-1)U i-1；更新τ＝τ+T i-1+Δ i-1，计入DelaySum字段；将TSin字段更新为TSin_temp的值t i i，TsUnit字段更新为本节点设备时戳单位U i，在第一节点设备出口MAC侧打下时间戳t e i，计入TSout字段。完成对测量报文的更新。
情况四：
所述第一节点设备接收到的测量报文中的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间；
其中，所述第一节点设备根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间更新所述时延信息，包括：
所述第一节点设备根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间更新所述时延信息，其中，更新后的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备以及所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间。
可选地，所述测量报文还包括最大跳数信息以及所述测量报文传输至所述第一节点设备的累积跳数信息。
可选地，所述测量报文还包括时延信息中的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间对应的时间单位信息。
例如，图10示出了本申请实施例中测量报文中的字段，具体地，这些字段可以封装在该测量报文的报文头中，图10所示报文格式可以通过任意能够提供足够的空间来承载时延信息的封装方式来进行封装，例如在报文TCP头部中，选项域提供40个字节(320比特)的空间，可用来承载时延信息。
可选地，如图10所示本申请实施例中测量报文中的字段也可以封装在净荷中，本申请实施例并不限于此。
图10给出了情况四中测量报文中所需字段及其格式。图10中所示报文采用了32位的对齐格式。实际应用中图10所示的数据尺寸和各字段大小可根据实际应用需求而改变，本申请实施例并不限于此。
具体地，如图10所示的测量报文可以包括1比特的旗帜位字段(E(1))、8比特的最大跳数字段(MaxHop(8bits))、8比特的总跳数字段(TotalHop(8bits))、15比特的保留位字段(Rsvd.(15bits))、32比特的第n跳网络节点设备(即第一节点设备)的时戳单位(TsUnit of hop n(32bits))、32比特的第n跳网络节点设备入口MAC侧时间戳(TSin of hop n(32bits))、32比特的第n跳网络节点设备出口MAC侧时间戳(TSout of hop n(32bits))、…、32比特的第1跳网络节点设备(即第一个中间节点转发设备)的时戳单位(TsUnit of hop 1(32bits))、32比特的第1跳网络节点设备入口MAC侧时间戳(TSin of hop 1(32bits)))、32比特的第1跳网络节点设备出口MAC侧时间戳(TSout of hop 1(32bits))。
应理解，图10中与图9中相同的字段可以参考上文中图7的描述，此处不再赘述。
下面描述第一节点设备更新测量报文的具体过程。
具体而言，如图8所示，第一节点设备在入口MAC侧打下时间戳t i i，计入报文相应字段，在旗帜位E取值为0的情况下，第一节点设备更新总跳数字段，即总跳数取值加1，并在更新后的总跳数不等于最大跳数的情况下，将第一节点设备时戳单位U i计入报文相应字段，在第一节点设备出口MAC侧打下时间戳t e i，计入报文相应字段。完成对测量报文的更新。
根据上文描述的四种情况可以得出，上述情况一中需要中间节点转发设备自己计算自身的子内部时延，由于中间节点设备需要先打出口时间戳才能通过NP计算自身的子内部时延，导致无法在MAC打出口时间，导致需要对单向时延测量精度进行补偿。不过情况一中测量报文比特数比其他三个情况中测量报文的比特数小，能够节省网络资源。
情况二和情况三中由下一跳节点设备计算上一跳节点设备的子内部时延，可以实现在MAC打时间戳，能够提高单向时延的测量精度。不过情况二和情况三中的比特数大于情况一，小于情况三。
情况四中，中间节点设备仅需要打自身的时间戳，无需进行计算，因此对中间节点设备的能力要求较低，无需对已有的转发设备进行修改，能够兼容已有的转发设备。情况一至情况三中需要要求中间节点设备具有一定的计算能力。
应理解，上述四种情况仅是示意性的，本领域技术人员可以根据上述四种情况进行相应的变形，这样的修改也在本申请实施例的保护范围内。
例如，在当所有设备的时间戳单元统一时，上述情况二至情况四中测量报文中可以省略时间戳单位字段。
还应理解，上述四种情况可以互相结合或者组合，本申请实施例并不限于此。
还应理解，上述四种情况中各个字段在报文中的先后顺序或者位置可以互相调整或者调换，本申请实施例并不限于此。
330，第一节点设备向第二节点设备发送所述更新后的测量报文。
相对应地，第二节点设备接收该更新后的测量报文。
340，所述第二节点设备根据接收到的测量报文进行测量处理。
应理解，本申请实施例中，该第二节点设备为第一节点设备的下一跳节点设备，该第二节点设备可以为中间节点转发设备也可以为接收端设备。
在第二节点设备为中间节点转发设备时，该第二节点设备执行的动作与第一节点设备执行的动作类似，为避免重复，此处不再赘述。
在第二节点设备为接收端设备时，第二节点设备(即接收端设备)根据测量报文进行测量处理的具体过程。例如，可以进行单向时延测量、网络故障追踪定位、网络设备状态监测或网络管理可视化等。
下面以单向时延测量为例，描述该第二节点设备(即接收端设备)接收到测量报文后进行的测量处理。
具体而言，第一节点设备为最后一个中间节点转发设备，所述第二节点设备为接收端设备，所述第二节点设备根据所述测量报文进行测量处理，包括:
所述第二节点设备根据所述测量报文确定所述单向时延。
针对上文描述的测量报文的四种情况，下面分情况描述接收端设备确定单向时延的具 体方案。
情况一，
所述时延信息包括所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的累加和；
其中，所述第二节点设备根据所述测量报文确定所述单向时延，包括：
所述第二节点设备将所述子内部时延累加和确定为所述设备内部时延，并将所述内部时延与所述链路时延的和确定为所述单向时延。
具体而言，第二节点设备(接收端设备)读取测量报文中HopsDelaySum字段获得设备内部时延θ；根据式(2)计算发送端-接收端的链路传播时延T link，例如，接收端设备可以根据已知拓扑、路由表项或者查表等确定线路长度L，并根据式(2)计算得到T link；并根据公式(3)计算θ+T link得端到端网络单向时延。
可选地，接收端设备也可以根据公式(4)计算T link+θ+T trans得端到端网络单向时延。
应理解，T trans可以是接收端设备根据设备(发送端设备、中间节点转发设备和接收端设备中的至少一个设备)的性能参数确定的(例如，可通过报文大小除以入口或者出口带宽计算所得)，本申请实施例并不限于此。
情况二，
所述时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延累加和以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间；
其中，所述第二节点设备根据所述测量报文确定所述单向时延，包括：
所述第二节点设备将所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差确定为所述第一节点设备的子内部时延；
所述第二节点设备将所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延累加和与所述第一节点设备的子内部时延的和确定为所述设备内部时延，并将所述设备内部时延与所述链路时延的和确定为所述单向时延。
具体而言，第二节点设备(接收端设备)读取报文中TSin字段得上一跳节点设备入口时间戳t i i-1，TSout字段得上一跳节点设备出口时间戳t e i-1，TsUnit字段得上一跳节点设备时戳单位U i-1，计算上一跳节点设备内部时延Δ i-1＝(t e i-1–t i i-1)U i-1；更新θ＝θ+Δ i，获得设备内部时延θ；根据式(2)计算发送端-接收端的链路传播时延T link，例如，接收端设备可以根据已知拓扑、路由表项或者查表等确定线路长度L，并根据式(2)计算得到T link；并根据公式(3)计算θ+T link得端到端网络单向时延。
可选地，接收端设备也可以根据公式(4)计算T link+θ+T trans得端到端网络单向时延。
应理解，T trans可以是接收端设备根据设备(发送端设备、中间节点转发设备和接收端设备中的至少一个设备)的性能参数确定的(例如，可通过报文大小除以入口或者出口带宽计算所得)，本申请实施例并不限于此。
情况三：
所述时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延与 所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的子链路时延的累加和，以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间；
其中，所述第二节点设备根据所述测量报文确定所述单向时延，包括：
所述第二节点设备确定所述第二节点设备对应的子链路时延；
所述第二节点设备将所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差确定为所述第一节点设备的子内部时延；
所述第二节点设备将所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延与所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的子链路时延的累加和、所述第二节点设备对应的子链路时延、以及所述第一节点设备的子内部时延的和确定为所述单向时延。
具体而言，第二节点设备(接收端设备)依入口测得当前节点与上一跳节点(第一节点设备)的直连链路传播时延T i-1；读取报文中TSin字段得上一跳节点设备入口时间戳t i i-1，TSout字段得上一跳节点设备出口时间戳t e i-1，TsUnit字段得上一跳节点设备时戳单位U i-1，计算上一跳节点设备内部时延Δ i-1＝(t e i-1–t i i-1)U i-1；计算τ＝τ+T i-1+Δ i-1得端到端网络单向时延。
进一步地，接收端设备还可以对得到的单向时延补偿T trans，得到更新后最终的单向时延。应理解，T trans可以是接收端设备根据设备(发送端设备、中间节点转发设备和接收端设备中的至少一个设备)的性能参数确定的(例如，可通过报文大小除以入口或者出口带宽计算所得)，本申请实施例并不限于此。
情况四
所述时延信息包括所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间；
其中，所述第二节点设备根据所述测量报文确定所述单向时延，包括：
所述第二节点设备将所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间确定所述各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延，
所述第二节点设备将所述各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的和确定为所述设备内部时延，并将所述设备内部时延与所述链路时延的和确定为所述单向时延。
具体而言，第二节点设备(接收端设备)读取报文中各设备时间戳信息；计算累计网络节点设备内部时延θ＝∑Δ i＝∑(t e i-t i i)U i；根据式(2)计算发送端至接收端的链路传播时延T link，例如，接收端设备可以根据已知拓扑、路由表项或者查表等确定线路长度L，并根据式(2)计算得到T link；并根据公式(3)计算θ+T link得端到端网络单向时延。
可选地，接收端设备也可以根据公式(4)计算T link+θ+T trans得端到端网络单向时延。
应理解，T trans可以是接收端设备根据设备(发送端设备、中间节点转发设备和接收端设备中的至少一个设备)的性能参数确定的(例如，可通过报文大小除以入口或者出口带宽计算所得)，本申请实施例并不限于此。
应理解，上文描述了四种情况下，有接收端设备根据测量报文确定单向时延的方法，可选地，接收端设备也可以将最终的测量报文发送至其他设备，由该其他设备根据最终的测量报文确定单向时延，本申请实施例并不限于此。
因此，本申请实施例中，通过报文进入设备的入口时间和离开设备的出口时间对测量报文进行更新，能够使得接收端设备根据接收到的测量报文进行单向时延的测量。本申请实施例的方法无需进行发送端和接收端的时钟同步，进而可以避免现有技术中发送端和接收端的时钟同步问题，能够提高检测的准确性。
上文描述了四种情况下，中间节点设备更新测量报文以及接收端设备确定单向时延的方法。
下面针对上述四种情况，分别结合图11至图14的例子，详细描述测量报文由发送端设备经过中间节点设备发送至接收端设备的整个过程。
应理解，图11至图14分别对应上述情况一至情况四。图11至图14中各个设备的执行过程可以参考上文中针对情况一至情况四的描述，为避免重复，此处适当省略详细描述。
图11所示的方法包括：
1110，发送端初始化测量报文并发送该报文。
具体的，发送端设备向第1(i＝1)跳网络节点设备，即第一个中间节点转发设备发送初始化报文。
发送端设备执行的初始化过程可以包括设置旗帜位E＝0，设置最大跳数限制MaxHop，设置TotalHop＝0，设置HopsDelaySum字段的值θ＝0。
应理解，本申请实施例中，最大跳数MaxHop可以不固定，具体的取值可根据实际网络情况进行设置，本申请实施例并不对此做限定。
1120，测量报文达到第i跳网络节点设备。
其中，当具有n个中间节点转发设备时，i的取值范围为1至n+1。
1121，当前节点设备判断自身是否为接收端设备。
具体而言，当前节点设备即第i跳网络设备节点设备判断自身是否为接收端设备，例如，当前节点设备可以根据报文头中的接收端设备的地址(例如，接收端设备的标识、五元组等)确定自身是否为接收端设备。
如该当前设备即第i跳网络设备节点设备确定为接收端，则执行步骤1123，确定单向时延，具体确定单向时延的过程如下：
读取测量报文中HopsDelaySum字段获得设备内部时延θ；根据式(2)计算发送端-接收端的链路传播时延T link，例如，接收端设备可以根据已知拓扑、路由表项或者查表等确定线路长度L，并根据式(2)计算得到T link；并根据公式(3)计算θ+T link得端到端网络单向时延。
可选地，接收端设备也可以根据公式(4)计算T link+θ+T trans得端到端网络单向时延。
应理解，T trans可以是接收端设备根据设备(发送端设备、中间节点转发设备和接收端设备中的至少一个设备)的性能参数确定的(例如，可通过报文大小除以入口或者出口带宽计算所得)，本申请实施例并不限于此。
如该当前设备即第i跳网络设备节点设备不是接收端，则执行步骤1122：在设备入口网络处理器(network processor，NP)侧打下时间戳t i i。考虑到媒体访问控制(media access control，MAC)和NP之间的时延，对t i i进行一个固定纠偏值的补偿得到入口MAC侧时间戳t i i-μ i i。前往步骤1130。
1130，判断旗帜位E是否＝1。
如果E＝1，说明报文在路径上经过的设备数达到了最大跳数限制，跳转至步骤1120。
如果E＝0，执行步骤1131，更新字段TotalHop＝TotalHop+1，之后前往步骤1140。
1140，判断TotalHop与MaxHop是否相等。
如果TotalHop≠MaxHop，直接前往步骤1150。
如果TotalHop＝MaxHop，执行步骤1141，旗帜位E置1后，再前往步骤1150。
1150，更新测量报文。
具体地，在当前网络节点设备出口NP侧打下时间戳t e i；进行纠偏值补偿，得到出口MAC侧时间戳t e i+μ e i；将其减去入口MAC侧时间戳t i i-μ i i，再乘以时戳单位U i得设备内部时延Δ i＝(t e i-t i i)U i+(μ e i+μ i i)U i；更新θ＝θ+Δ i，并将更新后的θ计入HopsDelaySum字段，转步骤1120。
图12所示的方法包括：
1210，发送端初始化测量报文并发送该报文。
具体的，发送端设备向第1(i＝1)跳网络节点设备，即第一个中间节点转发设备发送初始化报文。
发送端设备执行的初始化过程可以包括设置旗帜位E＝0，设置最大跳数限制MaxHop，设置TotalHop＝0，设置HopsDelaySum字段的值θ＝0。
应理解，本申请实施例中，最大跳数MaxHop可以不固定，可根据实际网络情况进行设置，本申请实施例并不限于此。
1220，测量报文达到第i跳网络节点设备。
其中，当具有n个中间节点转发设备时，i的取值范围为1至n+1。
1121，当前节点设备判断自身是否为接收端。
具体而言，当前节点设备即第i跳网络设备节点设备判断自身是否为接收端设备，例如，当前节点设备可以根据报文头中的接收端设备的地址(例如，接收端设备的标识、五元组等)确定自身是否为接收端设备。
如该当前设备即第i跳网络设备节点设备确定为接收端，则执行1223，确定单向时延，具体确定单向时延的过程如下：
读取报文中TSin字段得上一跳节点设备入口时间戳t i i-1，TSout字段得上一跳节点设备出口时间戳t e i-1，TsUnit字段得上一跳节点设备时戳单位U i-1，计算上一跳节点设备内部时延Δ i-1＝(t e i-1–t i i-1)U i-1；更新θ＝θ+Δ i，获得设备内部时延θ。根据式(2)计算发送端-接收端的链路传播时延T link，例如，接收端设备可以根据已知拓扑、路由表项或者查表等确定线路长度L，并根据式(2)计算得到T link；并根据公式(3)计算θ+T link得端到端网络单向时延。
可选地，接收端设备也可以根据公式(4)计算T link+θ+T trans得端到端网络单向时延。
应理解，T trans可以是接收端设备根据设备(发送端设备、中间节点转发设备和接收端设备中的至少一个设备)的性能参数确定的(例如，可通过报文大小除以入口或者出口带宽计算所得)，本申请实施例并不限于此。
如该当前设备即第i跳网络设备节点设备不是接收端，则执行1222：在设备入口MAC侧打下时间戳t i i，前往步骤1230。
1230，判断旗帜位E是否＝1。
如果E＝1，说明报文在路径上经过的设备数达到了最大跳数限制，跳转至步骤1220。
如果E＝0，执行步骤1231，更新字段TotalHop＝TotalHop+1，前往步骤1240。
1240，判断TotalHop与MaxHop是否相等。
如果TotalHop≠MaxHop，直接前往步骤1250。
如果TotalHop＝MaxHop，执行步骤1241，旗帜位E置1后，再前往步骤1250。
1250，更新测量报文。
具体地，读取报文中TSin字段得上一跳节点设备入口时间戳t i i-1，TSout字段得上一跳节点设备出口时间戳t e i-1，TsUnit字段得上一跳节点设备时戳单位U i-1，计算上一跳节点设备内部时延Δ i-1＝(t e i-1–t i i-1)U i-1；更新θ＝θ+Δ i，计入DelaySum字段；将TSin字段更新为TSin_temp的值t i i，TsUnit字段更新为本节点设备时戳单位U i，前往步骤1260以继续对报文的更新。
1260，在当前网络节点设备出口MAC侧打下时间戳t e i，计入TSout字段，完成对测量报文的更新，之后转步骤1220。
图13所示的方法包括：
1310，发送端初始化测量报文并发送该报文。
具体的，发送端设备向第1(i＝1)跳网络节点设备，即第一个中间节点转发设备发送初始化报文。
发送端设备执行的初始化过程可以包括设置旗帜位E＝0，设置最大跳数限制MaxHop，设置TotalHop＝0，设置DelaySum字段的值τ＝0。
应理解，本申请实施例中，最大跳数MaxHop可以不固定，可根据实际网络情况进行设置，本申请实施例并不限于此。
1320，测量报文达到第i跳网络节点设备。
其中，当具有n个中间节点转发设备时，i的取值范围为1至n+1。
1321，当前节点设备判断自身是否为接收端。
具体而言，当前节点设备即第i跳网络设备节点设备判断自身是否为接收端设备，例如，当前节点设备可以根据报文头中的接收端设备的地址(例如，接收端设备的标识、五元组等)确定自身是否为接收端设备。
如该当前设备即第i跳网络设备节点设备确定为接收端，则执行1323：确定单向时延，具体确定单向时延的过程如下：
依入口测得当前节点与上一跳节点的直连链路传播时延T i-1；读取报文中TSin字段得上一跳节点设备入口时间戳t i i-1，TSout字段得上一跳节点设备出口时间戳t e i-1，TsUnit字段得上一跳节点设备时戳单位U i-1，计算上一跳节点设备内部时延Δ i-1＝(t e i-1–t i i-1)U i-1；计算τ＝τ+T i-1+Δ i-1得端到端网络单向时延。
进一步地，接收端设备还可以对得到的单向时延补偿T trans得到更新后最终的单向时延。应理解，T trans可以是接收端设备根据设备(发送端设备、中间节点转发设备和接收端设备中的至少一个设备)的性能参数确定的(例如，可通过报文大小除以入口或者出口带宽计算所得)，本申请实施例并不限于此。
如该当前设备即第i跳网络设备节点设备不是接收端，则执行1322：在设备入口MAC侧打下时间戳t i i，记录临时变量TSin_temp，前往步骤1330。
1330，判断旗帜位E是否＝1。
如果E＝1，说明报文在路径上经过的设备数达到了最大跳数限制，跳转至步骤1320。
如果E＝0，执行步骤1331，更新字段TotalHop＝TotalHop+1，前往步骤1340。
1340，判断TotalHop与MaxHop是否相等。
如果TotalHop≠MaxHop，直接前往步骤1350。
如果TotalHop＝MaxHop，执行步骤1241，旗帜位E置1后，再前往步骤1350。
1350，更新测量报文。
具体地，依入口测得当前节点与上一跳节点的直连链路传播时延T i-1；读取报文中TSin字段得上一跳节点设备入口时间戳t i i-1，TSout字段得上一跳节点设备出口时间戳t e i-1，TsUnit字段得上一跳节点设备时戳单位U i-1，计算上一跳节点设备内部时延Δ i-1＝(t e i-1–t i i-1)U i-1；更新τ＝τ+T i-1+Δ i-1，计入DelaySum字段；将TSin字段更新为TSin_temp的值t i i，TsUnit字段更新为本节点设备时戳单位U i，前往步骤1360以继续对报文的更新。
1360，在当前网络节点设备出口MAC侧打下时间戳t e i，计入TSout字段，完成对测量报文的更新，之后转步骤1320。
图14所示的方法包括：
1410，发送端初始化测量报文并发送该报文。
具体的，发送端设备向第1(i＝1)跳网络节点设备，即第一个中间节点转发设备发送初始化报文。
发送端设备执行的初始化过程可以包括设置旗帜位E＝0，设置最大跳数限制MaxHop，设置TotalHop＝0。
应理解，本申请实施例中，最大跳数MaxHop可以不固定，可根据实际网络情况进行设置，本申请实施例并不限于此。
1420，测量报文达到第i跳网络节点设备。
其中，当具有n个中间节点转发设备时，i的取值范围为1至n+1。
1421，当前节点设备判断自身是否为接收端。
具体而言，当前节点设备即第i跳网络设备节点设备判断自身是否为接收端设备，例如，当前节点设备可以根据报文头中的接收端设备的地址(例如，接收端设备的标识、五元组等)确定自身是否为接收端设备。
如该当前设备即第i跳网络设备节点设备确定为接收端，则执行步骤1423：确定单向时延，具体确定单向时延的过程如下：
接收端设备读取报文中各设备时间戳信息；计算累计网络节点设备内部时延θ＝∑Δ i＝∑(t e i-t i i)U i；根据式(2)计算发送端至接收端的链路传播时延T link，例如，接收端设备可以根据已知拓扑、路由表项或者查表等确定线路长度L，并根据式(2)计算得到T link；并根据公式(3)计算θ+T link得端到端网络单向时延。
可选地，接收端设备也可以根据公式(4)计算T link+θ+T trans得端到端网络单向时延。
应理解，T trans可以是接收端设备根据设备(发送端设备、中间节点转发设备和接收端设备中的至少一个设备)的性能参数确定的(例如，可通过报文大小除以入口或者出口带宽计算所得)，本申请实施例并不限于此。
如该当前设备即第i跳网络设备节点设备不是接收端，则1422在设备入口MAC侧打 下时间戳t i i，计入报文相应字段，前往步骤1430。
1430，判断旗帜位E是否置1。
如果E＝1，说明报文在路径上经过的设备数达到了最大跳数限制，跳转至步骤1420。
如果E＝0，执行步骤1431，更新字段TotalHop＝TotalHop+1，前往步骤1440。
1440，判断TotalHop与MaxHop是否相等。
如果TotalHop≠MaxHop，直接前往步骤1450。
如果TotalHop＝MaxHop，执行步骤1441，旗帜位E置1后，再前往步骤1450。
1450，更新测量报文。
具体地，将本节点设备时戳单位U i计入报文相应字段，前往步骤1460以继续对报文的更新。
1460，在当前网络节点设备出口MAC侧打下时间戳t e i，计入报文相应字段，完成对测量报文的更新，之后转步骤1420。
因此，本申请实施例中，通过报文进入设备的入口时间和离开设备的出口时间对测量报文进行更新，能够使得接收端设备根据接收到的测量报文进行单向时延的测量。本申请实施例的方法无需进行发送端和接收端的时钟同步，进而可以避免现有技术中发送端和接收端的时钟同步问题，能够提高检测的准确性。
应理解，上述本申请的实施例中，中间节点设备可以不仅仅对应一个独立的设备，例如，一个中间节点转发设备可以对应一个局域网络，那么中间节点转发设备的子内部时延可以表示该一个局域网络中的单向时延，本申请实施例并不限于此。
应理解，上文中图1至图14的例子，仅仅是为了帮助本领域技术人员理解本发明实施例，而非要将本发明实施例限于所例示的具体数值或具体场景。本领域技术人员根据所给出的图1至图14的例子，显然可以进行各种等价的修改或变化，这样的修改或变化也落入本发明实施例的范围内。
应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
上文中，结合图1至图14详细描述了本发明实施例的方法，下面结合图15至图18描述本发明实施例的设备。
图15为本申请实施例提供的一种处理测量报文的第一节点设备的结构示意图，该第一节点设备1500可以包括：
处理单元1510和收发单元1520。
所述收发单元用于接收测量报文；
所述处理单元用于根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间更新所述测量报文，获得更新后的测量报文；
所述收发单元还用于向第二节点设备发送所述更新后的测量报文。
可选地，所述收发单元具体用于接收第三节点设备发送的测量报文，其中，第三节点设备发送的测量报文是根据测量报文进入第三节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第三节点设备的出口时间确定的，所述第三节点设备为所述第一节点设备的前一跳中间节点转发设备。
可选地，所述收发单元接收到的测量报文是根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的入口时间以及离开所述各个中间节点转发设备的出口时间确定的。
可选地，所述更新后的测量报文携带以下信息中的至少一种：
测量报文离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间与进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间的时间差；
所述时间差与所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的时间差的累加和；
测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间；
其中，所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的时间差为测量报文离开所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的出口时间与进入所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的入口时间的时间差值。
可选地，所述测量报文携带时延信息，所述时延信息用于测量单向时延，所述单向时延为发送端设备发送报文到接收端接收报文的时间间隔；
所述单向时延包括设备内部时延以及链路时延，其中所述设备内部时延包括各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延，一个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延为所述一个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差，所述链路时延包括发送端至接收端之间的链路的时延，所述链路时延包括所有中间节点转发设备和接收端设备中各个节点设备对应的子链路时延，其中，一个节点设备对应的子链路时延包括该一个节点设备与其前一跳节点设备之间的直连链路的时延。
可选地，所述收发单元接收到的测量报文中的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的累加和；
其中，所述处理单元具体用于：
将测量报文离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间与进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间的时间差确定为所述第一节点设备的子内部时延；
根据所述第一节点设备的子内部时延更新所述时延信息，获得所述更新后的测量报文，其中，更新后的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备以及所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的累加和。
可选地，所述收发单元接收到的测量报文中的时延信息包括第三节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延累加和以及所述第三节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间，所述第三节点设备为所述第一节点设备的前一跳中间节点转发设备；
其中，所述处理单元具体用于：
将所述第三节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差确定为所述第三节点设备的子内部时延；
根据所述第三节点设备的子内部时延以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间和入口时间更新所述时延信息，获得更新后的测量报文，其中，更新后的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延累加和以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间。
可选地，所述收发单元接收到的测量报文中的时延信息包括所述第三节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延与所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备 对应的子链路时延的累加和，以及所述第三节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间，所述第三节点设备为所述第一节点设备的前一跳中间节点转发设备；
其中，所述处理单元具体用于：
确定所述第一节点设备对应的子链路时延；
将所述第三节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差确定为所述第三节点设备的子内部时延；
根据所述第三节点设备的子内部时延、所述第一节点设备对应的子链路时延以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间和入口时间更新所述时延信息，获得更新后的测量报文，其中，更新后的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延、所述第一节点以及所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的子链路时延的累加和，以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间。
可选地，所述收发单元接收到的测量报文中的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间；
其中，所述处理单元具体用于：
根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间更新所述时延信息，其中，更新后的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备以及所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间。
可选地，所述测量报文还包括所述时延信息中的入口时间与出口时间对应的时间单位信息。
可选地，所述测量报文还包括时延信息中的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间对应的时间单位信息。
可选地，所述测量报文还包括最大跳数信息以及所述测量报文传输至所述第一节点设备的累积跳数信息。
可选地，所述测量报文承载在业务报文中；或者，所述测量报文为专门用于测量的报文。
因此，本申请实施例中，通过报文进入设备的入口时间和离开设备的出口时间对测量报文进行更新，能够使得接收端设备根据接收到的测量报文进行单向时延的测量。本申请实施例的方法无需进行发送端和接收端的时钟同步，进而可以避免现有技术中发送端和接收端的时钟同步问题，能够提高检测的准确性。
应理解，这里的第一节点设备1500以功能单元的形式体现。这里的术语“单元”可以指应用特有集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、电子电路、用于执行一个或多个软件或固件程序的处理器(例如共享处理器、专有处理器或组处理器等)和存储器、合并逻辑电路和/或其它支持所描述的功能的合适组件。在一个可选例子中，本领域技术人员可以理解，本申请提供的第一节点设备1500对应上述方法实施例中第一节点设备执行的过程，该第一节点设备中的各个单元/模块的功能可以参见上文中的描述，此处不再赘述。
应理解，图15所述的第一节点设备可以是中间节点转发设备，也可以是安装于中间节点转发设备中的芯片或集成电路。
图16为本申请实施例提供的一种第一节点设备的结构示意图。如图16所示，该第一 节点设备1600可应用于如图1所示的***中，执行上述方法实施例中第一节点设备的功能。
如图16所示，第一节点设备1600可以包括处理器1610和收发器1620，处理器1610和收发器1620相连，可选地，第一节点设备1600还包括存储器1630，存储器1630与处理器1610相连，进一步可选地，该第一节点设备1600还可以包括总线***1640。其中，处理器1610、存储器1630和收发器1620可以通过总线***1640相连，该存储器1630可以用于存储指令，该处理器1610可以对应处理单元1510，收发器1620可以对应收发单元1520。具体地，处理1610用于执行该存储器1630存储的指令，以控制收发器1620收发测量报文。
应理解，在本发明实施例中，该处理器1610可以是中央处理单元(central processing unit，CPU)，该处理器1610还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuits，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
该存储器1630可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器，并向处理器1610提供指令和数据。存储器1630的一部分还可以包括非易失性随机存取存储器。
该总线***1640除包括数据总线之外，还可以包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线等。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图中将各种总线都标为总线***1640。
在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器1610中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。结合本发明实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器1630，处理器1610读取存储器1630中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。为避免重复，这里不再详细描述。
应理解，图16所示的第一节点设备1600能够实现上述方法实施例中涉及第一节点设备的各个过程。第一节点设备1600中的各个模块的操作和/或功能，分别为了实现上述方法实施例中的相应流程。具体可参见上述方法实施例中的描述，为避免重复，此处适当省略详述描述。
图17为本申请实施例提供的一种处理测量报文的第二节点设备的结构示意图，该第一节点设备1700可以包括：
处理单元1710和收发单元1720。
所述收发单元用于接收第一节点设备发送的测量报文，所述测量报文是根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间确定的；
所述处理单元用于根据所述测量报文进行测量处理。
可选地，所述收发单元接收到的测量报文是根据测量报文进入所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的入口时间以及离开所述各个中间节点转发设备的出口时间确定的。
可选地，所述测量报文携带以下信息中的至少一种：
测量报文离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间与进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间的时间差；
所述时间差与所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的时间差的累加和；
测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间；
其中，所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的时间差为测量报文离开所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的出口时间与进入所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的入口时间的时间差值。
可选地，所述测量报文携带时延信息，所述时延信息用于测量单向时延，所述单向时延为发送端设备发送报文到接收端接收报文的时间间隔；
所述单向时延包括设备内部时延以及链路时延，其中所述设备内部时延包括各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延，一个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延为所述一个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差，所述链路时延包括发送端至接收端之间的链路的时延，所述链路时延包括所有中间节点转发设备和接收端设备中各个节点设备对应的子链路时延，其中，一个节点设备对应的子链路时延包括该一个节点设备与其前一跳节点设备之间的直连链路的时延。
可选地，所述第二节点设备为接收端设备，
所述处理单元具体用于根据所述测量报文确定所述单向时延。
可选地，所述时延信息包括所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的累加和；
其中，所述处理单元具体用于将所述子内部时延累加和确定为所述设备内部时延，并将所述内部时延与所述链路时延的和确定为所述单向时延。
可选地，所述时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延累加和以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间；
其中，所述处理单元具体用于：
将所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差确定为所述第一节点设备的子内部时延；
将所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延累加和与所述第一节点设备的子内部时延的和确定为所述设备内部时延，并将所述设备内部时延与所述链路时延的和确定为所述单向时延。
可选地，所述时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延与所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的子链路时延的累加和，以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间；
其中，所述处理单元具体用于：
确定所述第二节点设备对应的子链路时延；
将所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差确定为所述第一节点设备的子内部时延；
将所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延与所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的子链路时延的累加和、所述第二节点设备对应的子链路时延、以及所述第一节点设备的子内部时延的和确定为所述单向时延。
可选地，所述时延信息包括所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间；
其中，所述处理单元具体用于：
将所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间确定所述各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延，
将所述各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的和确定为所述设备内部时延，并将所述设备内部时延与所述链路时延的和确定为所述单向时延。
可选地，所述测量报文还包括所述时延信息中的入口时间与出口时间对应的时间单位信息。
可选地，所述测量报文还包括时延信息中的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间对应的时间单位信息。
可选地，所述测量报文还包括最大跳数信息以及所述测量报文传输至所述第一节点设备的累积跳数信息。
可选地，所述测量报文承载在业务报文中；或者，所述测量报文为专门用于测量的报文。
因此，本申请实施例中，通过报文进入设备的入口时间和离开设备的出口时间对测量报文进行更新，能够使得接收端设备根据接收到的测量报文进行单向时延的测量。本申请实施例的方法无需进行发送端和接收端的时钟同步，进而可以避免现有技术中发送端和接收端的时钟同步问题，能够提高检测的准确性。
应理解，这里的第二节点设备1700以功能单元的形式体现。这里的术语“单元”可以指应用特有集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、电子电路、用于执行一个或多个软件或固件程序的处理器(例如共享处理器、专有处理器或组处理器等)和存储器、合并逻辑电路和/或其它支持所描述的功能的合适组件。在一个可选例子中，本领域技术人员可以理解，本申请提供的第二节点设备1700对应上述方法实施例中第二节点设备执行的过程，该第二节点设备中的各个单元/模块的功能可以参见上文中的描述，此处不再赘述。
应理解，图17所述的第二节点设备可以是中间节点转发设备或接收端设备，也可以是安装于中间节点转发设备或接收端设备中的芯片或集成电路。
图18为本申请实施例提供的一种第二节点设备的结构示意图。如图18所示，该第二节点设备1800可应用于如图1所示的***中，执行上述方法实施例中第二节点设备的功能。
如图18所示，第二节点设备1800可以包括处理器1810和收发器1820，处理器1810和收发器1820相连，可选地，第二节点设备1800还包括存储器1830，存储器1830与处理器1810相连，进一步可选地，该第二节点设备1800还可以包括总线***1840。其中，处理器1810、存储器1830和收发器1820可以通过总线***1840相连，该存储器1830可以用于存储指令，该处理器1810可以对应处理单元1710，收发器1820可以对应收发单元1720。具体地，处理1810用于执行该存储器1830存储的指令，以控制收发器1820收发测量报文。
应理解，在本发明实施例中，该处理器1810可以是中央处理单元(central processing  unit，CPU)，该处理器1810还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
该存储器1830可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器，并向处理器1810提供指令和数据。存储器1830的一部分还可以包括非易失性随机存取存储器。
该总线***1840除包括数据总线之外，还可以包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线等。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图中将各种总线都标为总线***1840。
在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器1810中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。结合本发明实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器1830，处理器1810读取存储器1830中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。为避免重复，这里不再详细描述。
应理解，图18所示的第二节点设备1800能够实现上述方法实施例中涉及第二节点设备的各个过程。第二节点设备1800中的各个模块的操作和/或功能，分别为了实现上述方法实施例中的相应流程。具体可参见上述方法实施例中的描述，为避免重复，此处适当省略详述描述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种处理装置，包括处理器和接口；所述处理器，用于执行上述任一方法实施例中的方法。
应理解，上述处理装置可以是一个芯片。例如，该处理装置可以是现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)，可以是专用集成芯片(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，还可以是***芯片(system on chip，SoC)，还可以是中央处理器(central processor unit，CPU)，还可以是网络处理器(network processor，NP)，还可以是数字信号处理电路(digital signal processor，DSP)，还可以是微控制器(micro controller unit，MCU)，还可以是可编程控制器(programmable logic device，PLD)或其他集成芯片。
在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。为避免重复，这里不再详细描述。
应注意，本发明实施例中的处理器可以是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法实施例的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本发明实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器 等。结合本发明实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
可以理解，本发明实施例中的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。应注意，本文描述的***和方法的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信***，其包括前述的发送端设备、中间节点设备和接收端设备。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被计算机执行时实现上述任一方法实施例中的处理测量报文的方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品被计算机执行时实现上述任一方法实施例中的处理测量报文的方法。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，高密度数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如，固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。
上述各个装置实施例中节点设备和方法实施例中的节点设备完全对应，由相应的模块或单元执行相应的步骤，例如发送模块(发射器)方法执行方法实施例中发送的步骤，接收模块(接收器)执行方法实施例中接收的步骤，除发送接收外的其它步骤可以由处理模 块(处理器)执行。具体模块的功能可以参考相应的方法实施例。发送模块和接收模块可以组成收发模块，发射器和接收器可以组成收发器，共同实现收发功能；处理器可以为一个或多个。
本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A,B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a,b,或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a,b,c,a-b,a-c,b-c,或a-b-c，其中a,b,c可以是单个，也可以是多个。
应理解，说明书通篇中提到的“一个实施例”或“一实施例”意味着与实施例有关的特定特征、结构或特性包括在本发明的至少一个实施例中。因此，在整个说明书各处出现的“在一个实施例中”或“在一实施例中”未必一定指相同的实施例。此外，这些特定的特征、结构或特性可以任意适合的方式结合在一个或多个实施例中。应理解，在本发明的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本发明实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
在本说明书中使用的术语“部件”、“模块”、“***”等用于表示计算机相关的实体、硬件、固件、硬件和软件的组合、软件、或执行中的软件。例如，部件可以是但不限于，在处理器上运行的进程、处理器、对象、可执行文件、执行线程、程序和/或计算机。通过图示，在计算设备上运行的应用和计算设备都可以是部件。一个或多个部件可驻留在进程和/或执行线程中，部件可位于一个计算机上和/或分布在2个或更多个计算机之间。此外，这些部件可从在上面存储有各种数据结构的各种计算机可读介质执行。部件可例如根据具有一个或多个数据分组(例如来自与本地***、分布式***和/或网络间的另一部件交互的二个部件的数据，例如通过信号与其它***交互的互联网)的信号通过本地和/或远程进程来通信。
还应理解，本文中涉及的第一、第二、第三、第四以及各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请实施例的范围。
应理解，本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各种说明性逻辑块(illustrative logical block)和步骤(step)，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的***、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的***、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的 划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个***，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令(程序)。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令(程序)时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (29)

  1. 一种处理测量报文的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一节点设备接收测量报文；
    所述第一节点设备根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间更新所述测量报文，获得更新后的测量报文；
    所述第一节点设备向第二节点设备发送所述更新后的测量报文。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一节点设备接收测量报文，包括：
    所述第一节点设备接收第三节点设备发送的测量报文，其中，第三节点设备发送的测量报文是根据测量报文进入第三节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第三节点设备的出口时间确定的，所述第三节点设备为所述第一节点设备的前一跳中间节点转发设备。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述更新后的测量报文携带以下信息中的至少一种：
    测量报文离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间与进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间的时间差；
    所述时间差与所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的时间差的累加和；
    测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间；
    其中，所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的时间差为测量报文离开所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的出口时间与进入所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的入口时间的时间差值。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述测量报文携带时延信息，所述时延信息用于测量单向时延，所述单向时延为发送端设备发送报文到接收端接收报文的时间间隔；
    所述单向时延包括设备内部时延以及链路时延，其中所述设备内部时延包括各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延，一个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延为所述一个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差，所述链路时延包括发送端至接收端之间的链路的时延，所述链路时延包括所有中间节点转发设备和接收端设备中各个节点设备对应的子链路时延，其中，一个节点设备对应的子链路时延包括该一个节点设备与其前一跳节点设备之间的直连链路的时延。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一节点设备接收到的测量报文中的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的累加和；
    其中，所述第一节点设备根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间更新所述测量报文，获得更新后的测量报文，包括：
    所述第一节点设备将测量报文离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间与进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间的时间差确定为所述第一节点设备的子内部时延；
    所述第一节点设备根据所述第一节点设备的子内部时延更新所述时延信息，获得所述 更新后的测量报文，其中，更新后的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备以及所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的累加和。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一节点设备接收到的测量报文中的时延信息包括所述第三节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延与所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的子链路时延的累加和，以及所述第三节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间，所述第三节点设备为所述第一节点设备的前一跳中间节点转发设备；
    其中，所述第一节点设备根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间更新所述测量报文，获得更新后的测量报文，包括：
    所述第一节点设备确定所述第一节点设备对应的子链路时延；
    所述第一节点设备将所述第三节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差确定为所述第三节点设备的子内部时延；
    所述第一节点设备根据所述第三节点设备的子内部时延、所述第一节点设备对应的子链路时延以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间和入口时间更新所述时延信息，获得更新后的测量报文，其中，更新后的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延、所述第一节点以及所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的子链路时延的累加和，以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一节点设备接收到的测量报文中的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间；
    其中，所述第一节点设备根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间更新所述时延信息，包括：
    所述第一节点设备根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间更新所述时延信息，其中，更新后的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备以及所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间。
  8. 一种处理测量报文的方法，其特征在于，包括
    第二节点设备接收第一节点设备发送的测量报文，所述测量报文是根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间确定的；
    所述第二节点设备根据所述测量报文进行测量处理。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述测量报文携带以下信息中的至少一种：
    测量报文离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间与进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间的时间差；
    所述时间差与所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的时间差的累加和；
    测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间；
    其中，所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的时间差为测量报文离开所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的出口时间与进入所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的入口时间的时间差值。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述测量报文携带时延信息，所述时延信息用于测量单向时延，所述单向时延为发送端设备发送报文到接收端接收报文的时间间隔；
    所述单向时延包括设备内部时延以及链路时延，其中所述设备内部时延包括各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延，一个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延为所述一个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差，所述链路时延包括发送端至接收端之间的链路的时延，所述链路时延包括所有中间节点转发设备和接收端设备中各个节点设备对应的子链路时延，其中，一个节点设备对应的子链路时延包括该一个节点设备与其前一跳节点设备之间的直连链路的时延。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二节点设备为接收端设备，
    所述第二节点设备根据所述测量报文进行测量处理，包括:
    所述第二节点设备根据所述测量报文确定所述单向时延。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述时延信息包括所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的累加和；
    其中，所述第二节点设备根据所述测量报文确定所述单向时延，包括：
    所述第二节点设备将所述子内部时延累加和确定为所述设备内部时延，并将所述内部时延与所述链路时延的和确定为所述单向时延。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延与所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的子链路时延的累加和，以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间；
    其中，所述第二节点设备根据所述测量报文确定所述单向时延，包括：
    所述第二节点设备确定所述第二节点设备对应的子链路时延；
    所述第二节点设备将所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差确定为所述第一节点设备的子内部时延；
    所述第二节点设备将所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延与所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的子链路时延的累加和、所述第二节点设备对应的子链路时延、以及所述第一节点设备的子内部时延的和确定为所述单向时延。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述时延信息包括所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间；
    其中，所述第二节点设备根据所述测量报文确定所述单向时延，包括：
    所述第二节点设备将所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间确定所述各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延，
    所述第二节点设备将所述各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的和确定为所述设备内部时延，并将所述设备内部时延与所述链路时延的和确定为所述单向时延。
  15. 一种处理测量报文的第一节点设备，其特征在于，包括：
    处理单元和收发单元，
    所述收发单元用于接收测量报文；
    所述处理单元用于根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间更新所述测量报文，获得更新后的测量报文；
    所述收发单元还用于向第二节点设备发送所述更新后的测量报文。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的设备，其特征在于，
    所述收发单元具体用于接收第三节点设备发送的测量报文，其中，第三节点设备发送的测量报文是根据测量报文进入第三节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第三节点设备的出口时间确定的，所述第三节点设备为所述第一节点设备的前一跳中间节点转发设备。
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的设备，其特征在于，所述更新后的测量报文携带以下信息中的至少一种：
    测量报文离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间与进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间的时间差；
    所述时间差与所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的时间差的累加和；
    测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间；
    其中，所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的时间差为测量报文离开所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的出口时间与进入所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的入口时间的时间差值。
  18. 根据权利要求15至17中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，
    所述测量报文携带时延信息，所述时延信息用于测量单向时延，所述单向时延为发送端设备发送报文到接收端接收报文的时间间隔；
    所述单向时延包括设备内部时延以及链路时延，其中所述设备内部时延包括各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延，一个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延为所述一个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差，所述链路时延包括发送端至接收端之间的链路的时延，所述链路时延包括所有中间节点转发设备和接收端设备中各个节点设备对应的子链路时延，其中，一个节点设备对应的子链路时延包括该一个节点设备与其前一跳节点设备之间的直连链路的时延。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的设备，其特征在于，
    所述收发单元接收到的测量报文中的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的累加和；
    其中，所述处理单元具体用于：
    将测量报文离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间与进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间的时间差确定为所述第一节点设备的子内部时延；
    根据所述第一节点设备的子内部时延更新所述时延信息，获得所述更新后的测量报文，其中，更新后的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备以及所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的累加和。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的设备，其特征在于，
    所述收发单元接收到的测量报文中的时延信息包括所述第三节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延与所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的子链路时延的累加和，以及所述第三节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间，所述第三节点 设备为所述第一节点设备的前一跳中间节点转发设备；
    其中，所述处理单元具体用于：
    确定所述第一节点设备对应的子链路时延；
    将所述第三节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差确定为所述第三节点设备的子内部时延；
    根据所述第三节点设备的子内部时延、所述第一节点设备对应的子链路时延以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间和入口时间更新所述时延信息，获得更新后的测量报文，其中，更新后的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延、所述第一节点以及所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的子链路时延的累加和，以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间。
  21. 根据权利要求18所述的设备，其特征在于，
    所述收发单元接收到的测量报文中的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间；
    其中，所述处理单元具体用于：
    根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间更新所述时延信息，其中，更新后的时延信息包括所述第一节点设备以及所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间。
  22. 一种处理测量报文的第二节点设备，其特征在于，包括
    处理单元和收发单元，
    所述收发单元用于接收第一节点设备发送的测量报文，所述测量报文是根据测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间确定的；
    所述处理单元用于根据所述测量报文进行测量处理。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的设备，其特征在于，所述测量报文携带以下信息中的至少一种：
    测量报文离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间与进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间的时间差；
    所述时间差与所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的时间差的累加和；
    测量报文进入所述第一节点设备的入口时间以及离开所述第一节点设备的出口时间；
    其中，所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的时间差为测量报文离开所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的出口时间与进入所述第一节点设备之前的节点设备的入口时间的时间差值。
  24. 根据权利要求22或23所述的设备，其特征在于，
    所述测量报文携带时延信息，所述时延信息用于测量单向时延，所述单向时延为发送端设备发送报文到接收端接收报文的时间间隔；
    所述单向时延包括设备内部时延以及链路时延，其中所述设备内部时延包括各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延，一个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延为所述一个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差，所述链路时延包括发送端至接收端之间的链路的时延，所述链路时延包括所有中间节点转发设备和接收端设备中各个节点设备对应的子链路时延，其中，一个节点设备对应的子链路时延包括该一个节点设备与其前一跳节点 设备之间的直连链路的时延。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的设备，其特征在于，所述第二节点设备为接收端设备，
    所述处理单元具体用于根据所述测量报文确定所述单向时延。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的设备，其特征在于，
    所述时延信息包括所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的累加和；
    其中，所述处理单元具体用于将所述子内部时延累加和确定为所述设备内部时延，并将所述内部时延与所述链路时延的和确定为所述单向时延。
  27. 根据权利要求25所述的设备，其特征在于，
    所述时延信息包括所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延与所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的子链路时延的累加和，以及所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间；
    其中，所述处理单元具体用于：
    确定所述第二节点设备对应的子链路时延；
    将所述第一节点设备对应的出口时间与入口时间的时间差确定为所述第一节点设备的子内部时延；
    将所述第一节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延与所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的子链路时延的累加和、所述第二节点设备对应的子链路时延、以及所述第一节点设备的子内部时延的和确定为所述单向时延。
  28. 根据权利要求25所述的设备，其特征在于，
    所述时延信息包括所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间；
    其中，所述处理单元具体用于：
    将所述第二节点设备之前的各个中间节点转发设备对应的出口时间与入口时间确定所述各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延，
    将所述各个中间节点转发设备的子内部时延的和确定为所述设备内部时延，并将所述设备内部时延与所述链路时延的和确定为所述单向时延。
  29. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有程序指令，当其在处理器上运行时，实现权利要求1-14中任一项所述的方法。
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